UV-generated free radicals (FR) in skin: their prevention by sunscreens and their induction by self-tanning agents
- PMID: 18024196
- DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.09.029
UV-generated free radicals (FR) in skin: their prevention by sunscreens and their induction by self-tanning agents
Abstract
In the past few years, the cellular effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induced in skin have become increasingly recognized. Indeed, it is now well known that UV irradiation induces structural and cellular changes in all the compartments of skin tissue. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the first and immediate consequence of UV exposure and therefore the quantitative determination of free radical reactions in the skin during UV radiation is of primary importance for the understanding of dermatological photodamage. The RSF method (radical sun protection factor) herein presented, based on electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR), enables the measurement of free radical reactions in skin biopsies directly during UV radiation. The amount of free radicals varies with UV doses and can be standardized by varying UV irradiance or exposure time. The RSF method allows the determination of the protective effect of UV filters and sunscreens as well as the radical induction capacity of self-tanning agents as dihydroxyacetone (DHA). The reaction of the reducing sugars used in self-tanning products and amino acids in the skin layer (Maillard reaction) leads to the formation of Amadori products that generate free radicals during UV irradiation. Using the RSF method three different self-tanning agents were analyzed and it was found, that in DHA-treated skin more than 180% additional radicals were generated during sun exposure with respect to untreated skin. For this reason the exposure duration in the sun must be shortened when self-tanners are used and photoaging processes are accelerated.
Similar articles
-
Measurements of UV-generated free radicals/reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skin.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2006 Mar 13;63(4):840-5. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2005.10.013. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2006. PMID: 16543118
-
The role of melanin as protector against free radicals in skin and its role as free radical indicator in hair.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2008 May;69(5):1429-35. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.09.030. Epub 2007 Oct 2. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2008. PMID: 17988942
-
Ex vivo evaluation of radical sun protection factor in popular sunscreens with antioxidants.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Sep;65(3):525-530. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.07.009. Epub 2011 May 31. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011. PMID: 21624700
-
Sunscreens containing the broad-spectrum UVA absorber, Mexoryl SX, prevent the cutaneous detrimental effects of UV exposure: a review of clinical study results.Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2008 Aug;24(4):164-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2008.00365.x. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2008. PMID: 18717957 Review.
-
The Radical Status Factor (RSF): a novel metric to characterize skin products.Int J Cosmet Sci. 2012 Aug;34(4):285-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2012.00718.x. Epub 2012 May 5. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2012. PMID: 22563768 Review.
Cited by 11 articles
-
Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cellular Toxicity and Glycoxidation of Biomolecules by Cosmetic Products under Sunlight Exposure.Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jun 23;10(7):1008. doi: 10.3390/antiox10071008. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34201737 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Exogenous exposure to dihydroxyacetone mimics high fructose induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.Environ Mol Mutagen. 2021 Mar;62(3):185-202. doi: 10.1002/em.22425. Epub 2021 Feb 6. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2021. PMID: 33496975 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Dihydroxyacetone: An Updated Insight into an Important Bioproduct.ChemistryOpen. 2018 Mar 6;7(3):233-236. doi: 10.1002/open.201700201. eCollection 2018 Mar. ChemistryOpen. 2018. PMID: 29531886 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Dihydroxyacetone induces G2/M arrest and apoptotic cell death in A375P melanoma cells.Environ Toxicol. 2018 Mar;33(3):333-342. doi: 10.1002/tox.22520. Epub 2017 Nov 29. Environ Toxicol. 2018. PMID: 29193605 Free PMC article.
-
Synthetic Biomaterials from Metabolically Derived Synthons.Chem Rev. 2016 Feb 24;116(4):2664-704. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00465. Epub 2016 Jan 29. Chem Rev. 2016. PMID: 26821863 Free PMC article. Review.
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Miscellaneous
