RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FEDERAL LAW

ON THE SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF THE POPULATION

Adopted by the State Duma on March 12, 1999
Approved by the Federation Council on March 17, 1999

 

The present Federal Law shall be aimed at the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population as one of the main conditions for the realization of the constitutional rights of citizens to the protection of health and favourable environment.

Chapter I. General Provisions

Article 1. Basic Concepts

The following basic concepts are used for the purposes of the present Federal Law:

sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population means the state of health of the population, the state of human environment in which there is no pernicious influence of the factors of habitat on man and there are favourable conditions for his vital activity;

human environment (hereinafter referred to as environment) is the totality of objects, phenomena and factors of the natural or artificial environment, which determines the conditions of man's vital activity;

factors of habitat means biological (virus, bacterial, parasitogenic and other factors), chemical, physical (noise, vibration, ultrasound, infrasound, thermal, ionizing and non-ionizing and other radiation), social (nourishment, water supply, domestic conditions, labour and rest conditions) and other factors of habitat, which exert or can exert influence on man and/or on the state of health of future generations;

environment hazards imply the influence of habitat factors endangering man's life or health or the lives or health of future generations;

favourable conditions of human vital activity means the state of the environment in which there is no pernicious influence of its factors on man (harmless conditions) and there are possibilities for the restoration of the disturbed functions of the human organism;

safe conditions for man imply the state of the environment in which there is no danger of the harmful influence of its factors on man;

the sanitary and epidemiological situation means the state of health of the population and the environment on a definite territory in concrete time;

the hygienic norm is the admissible by investigations maximal or minimal quantitative and/or qualitative value of the indicator that characterizes this or that factor of the environment in terms of its safety and/or harmlessness for man;

state sanitary and epidemiological rules and norms (hereinafter referred to as sanitary rules) represent the normative legal acts setting sanitary and epidemiological requirements (including the criteria of safety and/or harmlessness of factors of human environment, hygienic and other norms), the non-observance of which creates a threat for man's life and health, and also a threat of the incidence and spread of diseases.

socio-hygienic monitoring is the state system of observations of the health of the population and the environment, of their analysis, assessment and forecasting, and also of the determination of cause-effect ties between the state of health of people and the influence of environmental factors;

state sanitary and epidemiological supervision means the activity involved in the prevention, disclosure and suppression of breaches of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the sphere of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population with the aim of protecting human health and environment;

sanitary and epidemiological conclusion is a document that certifies the correspondence or non-correspondence with sanitary rules of the environmental factors, economic and other activity, products, works and services, and also of drafts of normative acts; construction projects of facilities and operation documents;

sanitary and counterepidemic (preventive) measures imply the organizational, administrative, engineering and technical, medical and sanitary, veterinary and other measures aimed at the removal or diminution of the harmful influence of environmental factors on man, the prevention of the rise and spreading of infections diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning) and their wiping out;

restraining measures (quarantine) represent administrative, medical and sanitary, veterinary and other measures aimed at the prevention of the spreading of infections diseases and providing for a special regime of economic and other activity, the limitation of the movement of the population, transport vehicles, cargoes, goods and animals;

infections diseases imply man's infections diseases, the rise and spreading of which is conditioned by the influence on man of the biological factors of the habitat (agents of infections diseases) and by the possibility of the spreading of the disease of a sick person or animal to a healthy person;

infections diseases endangering people around are man's infections diseases marked by a painful flow of illness, a high level of mortality and disablement, a quick sick rate (epidemic);

mass non-infections diseases (poisoning) imply man's illnesses, the incidence of which is conditioned by the impact of physical and/or chemical, and/or social factors of the habitat.

Article 2. Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population

1. The sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population shall be ensured by means of:

2. The sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population shall be financed from the federal budget, the resources of the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation, the monetary funds of individuals and legal entities and from other sources in keeping with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Article 3. The Legislation of the Russian Federation in the Sphere of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population

The legislation of the Russian Federation in the sphere of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population (hereinafter referred to as the sanitary legislation os based on the Constitution of the Russian Federation and consists of the present Federal Law, other federal laws, and also of the laws and other normative acts of the Russian Federation, adopted in accordance with the federal laws, and of the normative legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Article 4. Relations Regulated by the Present Federal Law

The present Federal Law shall regulate relations arising in the sphere of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population as one of the main conditions of the realization of the rights of citizens to the health protection and favourable environment, provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Relations arising in the sphere of environmental protection shall be regulated by the Russian legislation on the protection of the natural environment and by the present Federal Law to the extent required for the provision of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population.

Article 5. The Powers of the Russian Federation in the Sphere of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population

The powers of the Russian Federation in the sphere of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population include:

Article 6. The Powers of the Subjects of the Russian Federation in the Sphere of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population

The powers of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the sphere of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population include:

Article 7. The Powers of the Local Self-government Bodies in the Sphere of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population

The local self-government bodies shall carry out their activity in the sphere of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population within the framework of the powers accorded to them by the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

 

Chapter II. The Rights and Duties of Individuals, Individual Entrepreneurs and Legal Entities in the Sphere of Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population

Article 8. The Rights of Individuals

The individuals shall have the right:

Article 9. The Rights of Individual Entrepreneurs and Legal Entities

Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities shall have the right:

Article 10. The Duties of Individuals

The individual shall be obliged:

Article 11. The Duties of Individual Entrepreneurs and Legal Entities

In keeping with their activity individual entrepreneurs and legal entities shall be obliged:

 

Chapter III. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Safety of the Environment for Human Health

Article 12. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Planning and Putting up Buildings in Urban and Rural Settlements

1. Upon the planning and development of urban and rural settlements provision shall be made for the creation of favourable conditions for the lives and health of people by means of the comprehensive improvement of the public amenities in urban and rural settlements and the realization of other measures of preventing or removing the pernicious influence of environmental factors on man.

2. Sanitary rules shall be observed during the elaboration of designing norms and town planning schemes, the development of territories, of the general plans for urban and rural populated centres, projects of planning public centres, residential districts, city thoroughfares, the settlement of questions involved in the siting of civilian, industrial and agricultural facilities and of setting their sanitary protective zones, in the selection of land plots for construction, and also during the designing, construction, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, expansion, the temporary closing-down or liquidation of industrial and transport facilities, buildings and structures for cultural and everyday use, dwelling houses, engineering infrastructure facilities, and the provision of amenities and the building of other facilities (hereinafter referred to as the facilities).

3. The norms of designing and design documentation on the planning and development of urban and rural settlements, on the construction, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, expansion, laying-up or liquidation of facilities, the granting of land plots for construction, and also the commissioning of the built-up or reconstructed facilities may be approved, given sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on the correspondence of such facilities to the sanitary rules.

4. Private persons, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities responsible for the performance of works in the designing and building facilities, for their financing and/or crediting shall be obliged to suspend or to stop the said works and their financing and/or crediting in the event of disclosing breaches of sanitary rules or in case it is impossible to fulfil such works.

Article 13. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Engineering Goods and Goods for Personal and Domestic Needs and Technologies for Their Production

1. Engineering goods which require the direct participation of man in their production, transportation, storage, application (use) and utilization, and also goods for personal and domestic needs (hereinafter referred to as products) shall not exert hazardous impact on man and the environment.

By its properties and indicators products shall correspond to the sanitary rules.

2. The production, application (use) and sale to the population of also types of products (developed or introduced for the first time) and new technological processes of their manufacture shall be allowed, given sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on their compliance with the sanitary rules.

3. Private persons, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities engaged in the development, production, transportation, purchase, storage and sale of products shall be obliged to stop their activity, withdraw products from sale, take measures on the application (use) of products for the purposes excluding the infliction of harm on man or to destroy them in case of establishing their non-conformity with the requirements of the sanitary rules.

Article 14. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Potentially Dangerous Chemical and biological Substances and Particular Products

Potentially dangerous chemical and biological substances and particular products may be produced, transported, purchased, stored, sold and applied (used) after their state registration in compliance with Article 43 of the present Federal Law.

Article 15. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Food Products, Food Additives and Edible Raw Material, and also for the Materials, Items and Technologies of Their Production in Contact with Them

1. Food products shall meet man's physiological needs and shall not exert harmful impact on him.

2. Food products, food additives and edible raw material, and also materials and items in contact with them in the process of their production, storage, transportation and sale to the population shall meet the sanitary rules.

3. Materials, items and food additives which are in contact with food products and are permitted in the order established by the Government of the Russian Federation may be used in the production of these products.

4. The production, application (use) and sale to the population of new types of food products, food additives and edible raw material (developed and introduced for the first time), and also of the materials and items that are in contact with them and the introduction of new technological processes of their production and of technological equipment shall be allowed, given the sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on their compliance with the sanitary rules.

5. Private persons, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities, engaged in the production, purchase, storage, transportation and sale of food products, food additives and edible raw material, and also materials and items that are in contact with them, shall meet sanitary rules and carry on measures of raising their quality.

6. Food products, food additives and edible raw material, and also the materials and items which are in contact with them shall be immediately be laid off or recalled from sale, if they do not comply with the sanitary rules and endanger man.

Food products, food additives and edible raw material, and also materials and items in contact with them, which are laid of or recalled from sale shall be used by their owners for the purposes excluding the infliction of harm on man or shall be destroyed.

Article 16. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Products Brought into the Territory of the Russian Federation

1. Products brought into the territory of the Russian Federation by private persons, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities and intended for sale to the population, and also for the application (use) in industry, agriculture, civil engineering, and transport, which require the direct participation of man, shall not exert harmful impact on man and his environment.

2. Products referred to in Item 1 of this Article may be brought into the territory of the Russian Federation, given a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on their compliance with the sanitary rules. Certain products, which are brought into the territory of the Russian Federation for the first time and the list of which is established by the Government of the Russian Federation, shall be subject to state registration before they are brought to the Russian Federation in accordance with Article 43 of this Federal Law.

3. The obligations for the fulfilment of the requirements of the sanitary legislation for products brought into the territory of the Russian Federation and the guarantees of the observance the sanitary rules upon the delivery of each batch of such products shall be the essential conditions for the validity of contracts of the delivery of such products.

Article 17. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Organization of Public Catering

1. Sanitary rules shall be fulfilled in case of the organization of public catering in specially equipped places (dining rooms, restaurants, cafes, bars, etc.), including in case of food and beverage preparation, the storage and sale of these goods to the population, and shall be used to prevent the incidence and spreading of infections diseases and mass non-infections diseases (poisoning).

2. When public catering is organized in preschool and other educational establishments, in medical and prophylactic establishments, in health-improvement establishments and in social protection establishments, when food allowance norms are established for servicemen, and also when nutrition norms are established for persons held in investigatory isolation wards or for persons who serve their sentences in reformatories, it is necessary to observe the scientifically sound physiological norms of human food.

3. The physiological norms of human food shall be taken into account at the time of establishing minimum social standards of living guaranteed by the State.

Article 18. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Bodies of Water

1. Bodies of water used for purposes of drinking water supply and municipal water supply, bathing, taking up sport, recreation and for medical purposes, including bodies of water, located within the boundaries of urban and rural settlements (hereinafter referred to as bodies of water), shall not be sources of biological, chemical and physical factors of environment hazards on man.

2. Criteria of safety and/or harmlessness of bodies of water for man, including maximally admissible concentrations of chemical and biological substances in water, microorganisms and the level of radiation background shall be established by the sanitary rules.

3. A permit for the use of a body of water in specific purposes shall be allowed, given a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of the body of water with the sanitary rules and the conditions of the safe use of the body of water.

4. Norms of maximally admissible environment hazards for bodies of water and norms of maximally admissible discharges of chemical and biological substances and microorganisms into bodies of water.

Designs of districts and zones of sanitary protection of bodies of water used for drinking and municipal water supply and for medical purposes shall be endorsed by the executive bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation or by the local self-government bodies, given a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on their compliance with the sanitary rules.

5. If bodies of water represent danger for the health of the population, the executive bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation, the local self-government bodies, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities shall be obliged to take measures of limiting, suspending or prohibiting the use of said bodies of water in accordance with their official duties.

Article 19. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Drinking Water and Drinking Water Supply

1. Drinking water shall be safe in epidemiological and radiation respects, have harmless chemical composition and favourable organoleptic properties.

2. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities operating centralized, non-centralized, house distribution autonomous systems of the drinking water supply of the population and drinking water supply systems in transport vehicles shall be obliged to ensure the compliance of the quality of drinking water of the said systems with the sanitary rules.

3. The population of the urban and rural settlements shall be supplied with drinking water in the priority order and in the quantity sufficient for the satisfaction of man's physiological and domestic needs.

Article 20. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Atmosphere Air in the Urban and Rural Settlements, on the Territory of Industrial Organizations and for Air in the Working Zones of Production Premises, Living Quarters and Other Premises

1. The atmosphere air in the urban and rural settlements, on the territory of industrial organizations, and also air in the working zones of production premises, living quarters and in other premises (hereinafter referred to as places of permanent or temporary stay of man) shall not exercise pernicious influence on man.

2. Criteria of safety and/or harmlessness of the atmospheric air in the urban and rural settlements, on the territory of industrial organizations and of air in places of permanent or temporary stay of man, including the maximally admissible concentrations (levels) of chemical and biological substances and microorganisms, shall be established by the sanitary rules.

3. Norms of maximally admissible discharges of chemical and biological substances and microorganisms into air, and designs of sanitary protective zones shall be endorsed, given a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion ont he compliance of said norms and designs with the sanitary rules.

4. The organs of state power of the Russian Federation, the organs of state power of the subjects of the Russian Federation, the local self-government bodies, private, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities shall be obliged to implement, in accordance with their powers, measures of preventing or reducing atmospheric air pollution in urban and rural settlements, air in places of man's permanent or temporary stay and of maintaining the correspondence of the atmospheric air in urban and rural settlements and air in places of man's permanent or temporary stay to the sanitary rules.

Article 21. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Soils and for the Maintenance of the Territory of Urban and Rural Settlements and Industrial Sites

1. In soils of urban and rural settlements and farming lands the content of potentially dangerous chemical and biological substances, biological amd microbiological organisms, and also the level of the radiation background shall not exceed the maximally admissible concentrations (levels), fixed by the sanitary rules.

2. The maintenance of the territory of urban and rural settlements and industrial sites shall satisfy the sanitary rules.

The order and conditions of the maintenance of the territory of urban and rural settlements shall be established by the local self-government bodies, given sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on the correspondence of the said order and conditions to the sanitary rules.

Article 22. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Collection, Use, Rendering Harmless, Transportation, Storage and Burial of Waste of Production and Consumption

1. Production and consumption waste shall be collected, used rendered harmless, transported, stored and buried; the conditions and methods of these operations shall be safe for human health and human environment and shall be implemented in accordance with the sanitary rules and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation.

2. The order, conditions and methods of the collection, use, rendering harmless, transportation, storage and burial of waste of production and consumption shall be established by the local self-government bodies, given a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of the said order, conditions and methods with the sanitary rules.

3. Radiation control shall be exercised in places of the centralized use, rendering harmless, storage and burial of waste of production and consumption.

Production and consumption waste, in which radiation control has revealed the excess of the level of radiation background, fixed by the sanitary rules, shall be used, rendered harmless, stored and buried in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in the sphere of radiation safety.

Article 23. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Living Quarters

1. By the space, lay-out, intensity of illumination, insolation, microclimate, air exchange, levels f noise, vibration, ionizing and non-ionizing rules with the aim of ensuring safe and harmless conditions of living, regardless of its time.

2. It shall be impermissible to put tenants into dwelling-houses recognized as unfit for living in accordance with the sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation, and also to grant untenable premises to individuals for permanent or temporary living.

3. The maintenance of living accommodation shall meet the sanitary rules.

Article 24. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Operation of Production and Public Premises, Buildings, Structures, Equipment and Transport

1. Sanitary and epidemiological (preventive) measures shall be realized and safe conditions of labour, domestic life and rest shall be ensured during the operation of production and public premises, building, structures, equipment and transport in accordance with the sanitary rules and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation.

2. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities shall be obliged to suspend or stop their activities or the work of particular shops, production sectors, the operation of buildings, structures, equipment and transport, the fulfilment of certain types of work, the rendering of services in cases where the sanitary rules are violated during the said activities, works and services.

Article 25. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Labour Conditions

1. Labour conditions, the workplace and the labour process shall not exert harmful influence on man. Requirements for safe labour conditions shall be established by the sanitary rules and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation.

2. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities shall be obliged to carry out sanitary and epidemiological (preventive) measures for creating safe labour conditions and for meeting the requirements of the sanitary rules and of other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation for production processes and technological equipment, the organization of workplaces, collective and individual means of protection of workers, the routine of labour, rest and consumer service of workers with the aim of preventing injuries, occupational infections and industrial diseases.

Article 26. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Conditions of Work with Biological Substances, Biological and Microbiological Organisms and Their Toxins

1. The conditions of work with biological substances, biological and microbiological organisms and their toxins, including the conditions of work in the sphere of gene engineering and with agents of infections diseases shall not exert harmful influence on man.

2. Requirements for safe conditions of work, referred to in Item 1 of this Article, for man and his environment shall be established by the sanitary rules and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation.

3. The performance of works with biological substances, biological and microbiological organisms and their toxins shall be allowed, given sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on the compliance of the conditions of such works with the sanitary rules.

Article 27. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Conditions of Work with Sources of Physical Factors of Influence on Man

1. The conditions of work with machines, mechanisms, installations, devices and apparatuses, which are sources of physical factors of influence on man (noise, vibration, ultrasound and infrasound impact, heat, ionizing and non-ionizing and other radiation) shall not exert harmfull influence on man.

2. Criteria of safety and/or harmlessness of the conditions of work with sources of physical factors of influence on man, including the maximally admissible levels of impact, shall be established by the sanitary rules.

3. The use of machines, mechanisms, installations devices and apparatuses, and also the production, application (use), transportation, storage and burial of radioactive substances, materials and waste, which are sources of physical factors of influence on man, referred to in Item 1 of this Article, shall be allowed, given sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on the compliance of the conditions of work with the sources of physical factors of influence on man with the sanitary rules.

4. Relations arising in the sphere of radiation safety of the population and the safety of works with the sources of ionizing radiation shall be established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 28. Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Conditions of Upbringing and Education

1. In preschool and other educational establishments, regardless of their organizational and legal forms, it is necessary to realize measures of disease prophylaxis, the preservation and improvement of the health of pupils and students, including measures of organizing their diet and to fulfil the requirements of the sanitary legislation.

2. Syllabi of instruction and methods of education, technical, audio-visual and other teaching aids and means of education, school furniture, and also textbooks and other printed output shall be allowed for use, given sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on their compliance with the sanitary rules.

 

Chapter IV. Sanitary and Counter-epidemic (Preventive) Measures

Article 29. The Organization and Conduct of Sanitary and Counter-epidemic (Preventive) Measures

1. In order to prevent the rise and spread of infections diseases and mass non-infections diseases (poisoning), it is necessary to carry out in time and in full sanitary and counter-epidemic (preventive) measures, provided for by the sanitary rules and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation, including measures of the sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation, the introduction of restraining measures (quarantine), the exercise of production control, measures in respect of sick persons suffering from infections diseases, the conduct of medical checks, prophylactic innoculation, hygienic education and instruction of individuals.

2. Sanitary and counterepidemic (preventive) measures shall be included in the federal target-oriented programmes of the protection and improvement of the health of the population and of the institution of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, and also regional target-oriented programmes in this sphere.

3. Sanitary and counterepidemic (preventive) measures shall be carried out without fail by private persons, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities in accordance with their activities, and also in cases provided for by Item 2 of Article 50 of the present Federal Law.

Article 30. The Sanitary Protection of the Territory of the Russian Federation

1. The sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation is aimed at the prevention of bringing dangerous infections diseases to the territory of the Russian Federation and of their spread on this territory, and also at the prevention of the importation to the Russian Federation and of the sale of goods, chemical, biological and radioactive substances, waste and other cargoes endangering man (hereinafter referred to as dangerous cargoes and goods).

2. The list of infections diseases requiring measures of sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation shall be determined by the federal executive body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

3. It shall be impermissible to bring into the territory of the Russian Federation dangerous cargoes and goods whose importation to the Russian Federation is banned by the legislation of the Russian Federation, and also cargoes and goods, in respect of which the sanitary quarantine control has ascertained that their importation to the Russian Federation creates the danger of the rise and spread of infections diseases or mass non-infections diseases (poisoning).

4. Sanitary quarantine control shall be introduced for the sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation in the crossing points across the state frontier of the Russian Federation on the basis of a decision taken by the federal executive body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

5. The order and conditions of the sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation, and also measures of the sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation shall be established by federal laws, sanitary rules and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 31. Restraining Measures (Quarantine)

1. Restraining measures (quarantine) shall be introduced in the crossing points of the state border of the Russian Federation, on the territory of the Russian Federation, the territory of the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, in urban and rural settlements, in organizations and facilities of economic and other activity in case of a threat of the rise and spread of infections diseases.

2. Restraining measures (quarantine) shall be introduced or repealed on the basis of proposals or orders of the chief state sanitary inspectors and their deputies by decision of the Government of the Russian Federation or the executive body of a subject of the Russian Federation, or a local self-government body, and also by decision of the authorized officials of a federal executive body or its territorial agencies and structural units, which are in charge of the facilities of the railway transport, defence and of other special purpose.

3. Procedure for the implementation of restraining measures (quarantine) and the list of infections diseases, for the rise and spreading of which restraining measures are introduced, shall be established by the sanitary rules and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 32. Production Control

1. Production control, including the conduct of laboratory investigations and tests, over the observance of sanitary rules and the implementation of sanitary and counterepidemic (preventive) measures in the process of the production, storage, transportation and sale of products, the performance of works and the rendering of services shall be exercised by individual entrepreneurs and legal persons for the purpose of safety and/or harmlessness of such products, works and services for man and his environment.

2. Production control shall be exercised in the order set by the sanitary rules and state standards.

3. Persons exercising production control shall bear responsibility for the timeliness, fullness and reliability of its exercise.

Article 33. Measures in Respect of Infections Diseases Affected People

1. Infections diseases affected people, persons suspected of such diseases and contacted with such people, and also persons carrying agents of infections diseases shall be subjected to laboratory investigations and medical observations or treatment; if they endanger people around, they shall be subjected to compulsory hospitalization or isolation in the order prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Persons carrying agents of infections diseases, if they can be sources of the spread of infections diseases in connection with specific production in which they are engaged or with the work they perform shall be transferred for the time being with their consent to other jobs not connected with the risk of the spread of infections diseases. If it is impossible to transfer people on the basis of decisions by chief sanitary inspectors and their deputies to other jobs, they shall be released for the time being from the work they perform with the payment of social insurance benefits.

3. All cases of infections diseases and mass non-infections diseases (poisoning) shall be registered by public health organizations in the place of disclosing such diseases (poisoning), state records and accounting by the bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation.

Procedure for state records of said cases of diseases (poisoning), and also procedure for accounting them shall be established by the federal executive body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

Article 34. Compulsory Medical Examinations

1. In order to prevent the rise and spreading of infections diseases, mass non-infections diseases (poisoning) and occupational diseases, the workers engaged in particular professions, production units and organizations shall be obliged to undergo in the discharge of their labour duties preliminary or periodical prophylactic medical examinations (hereinafter referred to as medical examinations).

2. In cases of necessity upon the proposals by the agencies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation, additional indications for medical examinations of workers may be introduced by decisions of the organs of state power in the subjects of the Russian Federation or local self-government bodies in separate organizations (shops, laboratories and other structural subdivisions).

3. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities shall be obliged to secure conditions necessary for the timely undergoing of medical examinations by workers.

4. Workers who refuse to undergo medical examinations shall not be admitted to their work.

5. Data on going through medical examinations shall be entered in personal medical books and recorded by the medical and prophylactic organizations of the state and municipal systems of health protection, and also by the agencies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation.

6. Procedure for holding compulsory medical examinations, keeping records, accounting and issuing personal medical books to workers shall be determined by the federal executive body responsible for health protection.

Article 35. Prophylactic Innoculations

Prophylactic innoculations shall be made for individuals in keeping with the legislation of the Russian Federation in order to prevent the rise and spreading of infections diseases.

Article 36. Hygienic Education and Instruction

1. Hygienic education and instruction of individuals shall be obligatory and aimed at the improvement of their sanitary culture, the prophylaxis of diseases and the spreading of knowledge about a healthy way of life.

2. Hygienic education and instruction shall be carried out:

 

Chapter V. State Regulation in the Sphere of Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population

Article 37. State Sanitary and Epidemiological Norm-setting

1. State sanitary and epidemiological norm-setting includes:

2. State sanitary and epidemiological norm-setting shall be effected by the agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation in conformity with the statute confirmed by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 38. The Elaboration of Sanitary Rules

1. Sanitary rules shall be elaborated by the federal executive body authorized to exercise sanitary and epidemiological supervision and by other agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation in connection with the need for the sanitary and epidemiological norm-setting of the factors of human environment and the conditions of man's vital activity.

2. The elaboration of sanitary rules shall provide for:

Article 39. The Approval and the Putting of Sanitary Rules into Effect

1. Federal sanitary rules, approved and put into effect by the federal executive body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the order prescribed by the Government of the Russian Federation, shall operate on the territory of the Russian Federation.

2. Sanitary rules shall be subject to registration and official publication in the order established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3. The observance of sanitary rules shall be compulsory for private persons, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities.

4. The normative legal acts dealing with the questions of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population and adopted by the federal executive bodies, the executive bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation, the local self-government bodies, the decisions of legal entities, the state standards, building norms and rules, the labour protection rules, and the veterinary and phyto-sanitary rules shall not contradict the sanitary rules.

Article 40. Special Licensing of the Particular Types of Activity (Works and Services) Which Are Potentially Dangerous for Man

1. Particular types of activity (works and services), which are potentially dangerous for man, shall be licensed in conformity with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. The submission by the license applicant of a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of the following types of activity (works and services) representing potential danger for man shall be an obligatory condition for the adoption of a decision on the issue of the license:

Article 41. Special Features of the Certification of Particular Types of Products, Works and Services Potentially Dangerous for Man

Certification of particular types of products, works and services potentially endangering man shall be effected in conformity with the legislation of the Russian Federation, given a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of such products, works and services with the sanitary rules.

Article 42. Sanitary and Epidemiological Expert Examinations, Investigations, Inspections, Analyses, Tests and Toxicological, Hygienic and Other Estimates

1. Sanitary and epidemiological expert examinations, investigations, inspections, analyses, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other estimates shall be carried out by the agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, by the organizations accredited in the statutory order, and by experts with the use of approved methods and techniques of measurement and types of measuring instruments for the following purposes:

2. Sanitary and epidemiological conclusions shall be issued by state sanitary inspectors on the basis of the results of sanitary and epidemiological expert examinations, investigations, inspections, analyses, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other estimates, drawn up in the established order in accordance with Article 51 of the present Federal Law.

3. Procedure for holding sanitary and epidemiological expert examinations, investigations, inspections, analyses, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other estimates shall be instituted by the federal executive body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

4. The agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, the organizations accredited in the statutory order, and the experts who carry on sanitary and epidemiological expert examinations, investigations, inspections, analyses, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other estimates shall bear the responsibility for their quality and objectivity in conformity with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 43. State Registration of Substances and Products

1. The following substances and products shall be registered by the State:

2. State registration of substances and particular products referred to in Item 1 of this Article shall be carried out on the basis of:

3. The assessment of the danger of substances and particular types of products to man and his environment, the establishment of hygienic and other norms of the content of substances and individual components of products in the habitat, and the elaboration of protective measures shall be effected by the organizations accredited in the statutory order.

4. The state registration of the substances and particular types of products, referred to in Item 1 of the present Article shall be carried out by the federal executive bodies authorized therefor in the order prescribed by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 44. State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision

1. State sanitary and epidemiological supervision includes:

2. State sanitary and epidemiological supervision shall be exercised by the agencies and institutions (officials) of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation.

Article 45. Socio-hygienic Monitoring

1. Socio-hygienic monitoring shall be carried out in order to assess, reveal changes and forecast the state of health of the population and the habitat, to establish and remove the harmful impact of the habitat factors on man.

2. Socio-hygienic monitoring shall be carried on a federal level, the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation, in urban and rural settlements by the agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation together with the federal executive bodies, the executive bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation and the local self-government bodies.

3. Procedure for socio-hygienic monitoring shall be established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Chapter VI. The State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation

Article 46. Basic Principles of the Organization and Functioning of the System of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation

1. The State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation is a single federally centralized system of the agencies and institutions exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the Russian Federation.

2. The system of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation includes:

3. The activity of the system of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation shall be organized by the Chief State Sanitary Inspector of the Russian Federation, and also by the chief state sanitary inspectors of the subjects of the Russian Federation, the cities, districts and in the transport (air and water), the chief state sanitary inspectors of the federal executive bodies, referred to in the fourth paragraph of Item 2 of this Article.

4. The chief state sanitary inspectors of the federal executive bodies, referred to in the fourth paragraph of Item 2 of this Article, shall be, according to their functional duties deputies of the Chief State Sanitary Inspector of the Russian Federation on the matters coming within their jurisdiction.

5. The chief state sanitary inspectors shall be the managers of the respective agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, who exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

6. The agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, which exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, shall act on the basis of the subordination of the lower-ranking officials to the higher-ranking ones and to the Chief State Sanitary Inspector of the Russian Federation.

7. The structure of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, its tasks, functions, the order of its activity and the order of the appointment of the managers of the agencies and institutions of the said service shall be established by the Statute of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 47. The Financing of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation

The State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation shall be financed from:

Article 48. The Right of the Agencies and Institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation to Use Assets and Land Plots

1. Premises, buildings, structures, equipment, transport vehicles and other assets utilized by the agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation for the fulfilment of their tasks shall held in federal ownership and transferred to the said agencies and institutions for use by right of economic management or operative management in the order prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Land plots on which the buildings and structures of the agencies and institutions the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation are located shall be granted to them free of charge for permanent use in the order established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 49. The Officials of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, Who are Authorized to Exercise State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision

1. The chief state sanitary inspectors and their deputies, the managers of structural units and their deputies, the specialists of the agencies and institutions of State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation shall be their officials authorized in conformity with the present Federal Law to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision on behalf of the agencies and institutions of the said service (hereinafter referred to as the officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision).

A list of specialists authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision shall be established by the Statute of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. The influence on the officials exercising sanitary and epidemiological supervision with the aim of manipulating their decisions in any form and hinder their activity in any form shall not be allowed and shall entail the responsibility instituted by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3. The officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision shall be under the special protection of the State in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

4. The officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision shall have the right to bear uniforms of a standard pattern.

5. The right to be appointed to the posts of chief state sanitary inspectors and their deputies shall belong to the citizens of the Russian Federation who have received a higher medical education and have the certificates of the speciality of medical and prophylactic business.

Article 50. The Rights of the Officials Exercising State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision

1. During the discharge of their duties and upon the presentation of their identity cards the officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision shall have the right:

2. Upon the disclosure of breaches of the sanitary legislation, and also with the threat of the rise and spread of infections diseases and mass non-infections diseases (poisoning), the officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision shall have the right to issue to private persons and legal entities the following orders binding on them in the respective time-limits:

Article 51. The Powers of the Chief State Sanitary Inspectors and Their Deputies

1. In addition to the rights provided for by Article 50 of the Present Federal Law, the chief state sanitary inspectors and their deputies shall be invested with the following powers:

  1. to consider materials and cases of breaking the sanitary legislation;
  2. to being actions in courts of law or arbitration courts in case of violating the sanitary legislation;
  3. to issue to private persons, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities sanitary and epidemiological conclusions, provided for by Article 42 of this Federal Law;
  4. to issue to private persons, individual entrepreneurs and officials of legal entities orders that are binding for the execution within the fixed time-limits on the summons to the agencies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation for the consideration of materials and cases of violating the sanitary legislation and on the conduct of sanitary and epidemiological expert examinations, inspections, analyses, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other estimates, provided for by Article 42 of this Federal Law in conformity with their activity;
  5. to pass motivated resolutions on the suspension of the following operations pending the removal of the violations of the sanitary legislation or on the prohibition of the following operations in case of the impossibility of removing them, if these violations create a threat of the rise or spread of infections diseases and mass non-infections diseases (poisoning):
  6. to pass motivated resolutions on the following actions with the threat of the rise and spread of infections diseases endangering people around:
  7. to pass motivated resolution for violating the sanitary legislation on:
  8. to make suggestions to the following bodies and persons:

2. In addition to the rights and powers, provided for by Article 50 of the present Federal Law and Item 1 of this Article, the Chief State Sanitary Inspector of the Russian Federation shall be vested with the following additional powers:

3. In addition to the rights and powers, provided for by Article 50 of the present Federal Law and Subitems 1-7 of Item 1 of this Article, the chief state sanitary inspectors, referred to in Item 4 of Article 46 of this Federal Law, shall be vested with additional powers:

Article 52. The Duties of the Officials Exercising State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision

The officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision shall be obliged:

Article 53. The Responsibility of the Officials Exercising State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service

For improper discharge of their official duties, and also for the concealment of facts and circumstances endangering the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population the officials exercising state sanitary and sanitary supervision shall bear responsibility in the order prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 54. Appealing Against the Actions or Inaction of the Officials Exercising State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision

1. Actions or inaction by the officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision may be appealed against with a higher body of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, the respective chief state sanitary inspector or with a court of law.

2. A complaint shall be considered in the order prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3. The filing of a complaint shall not stay the appealed actions, unless the execution of these actions is stayed by a court decision.

 

Chapter VII. Responsibility for Violating Sanitary Legislation

Article 55. Responsibility for Breaking the Sanitary Legislation

1. Disciplinary, administrative and criminal responsibility shall be instituted for breaking the sanitary legislation.

2. Administrative responsibility shall be institutes for the following breaches of the sanitary legislation:

  1. the violation of the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living quarters and of the operation of production and public premises, building, structures, equipment and transport shall involve a warning or the imposition of a fine on individuals to the tune of five to ten minimum amounts of wages and salaries; on individual entrepreneurs and officials to the tune of 10 to 20 minimum amounts of wages and salaries, and on legal entities to the tune of 100 to 200 minimum amounts of wages and salaries;
  2. the violation of the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the organization of public catering, for products brought into the territory of the Russian Federation, engineering products, chemical and biological substances and individual products potentially dangerous for man, good additives and edible raw material, and also materials and articles which are in contact with them, and new production technologies shall entail a warning or the imposition of a fine on individuals to the tune of 10 to 15 minimum amounts of wages and salaries; on individual entrepreneurs and officials to the tune of 20 to 30 minimum amounts of wages and salaries, and on legal entities tot he tune of 200 to 300 minimum amounts of wages and salaries;
  3. the violation of the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for bodies of water, drinking water and drinking water supply, the atmospheric air in urban and rural settlements, air in places of man's permanent or temporary stay, soils, the maintenance of the territory of urban and rural settlements and industrial construction sites, the collection use, rendering harmless, transportation, storage and burial of productions and consumption waste, and also for the layout and development of urban and rural settlements shall entail a warning of the imposition of a fine on individuals to the tune of 10 to 15 minimum amounts of wages and salaries; on individual entrepreneurs and officials to the tune of 20 to 30 minimum amounts of wages and salaries, and on legal entities to the tune of 200 to 300 minimum amounts of wages and salaries;
  4. the violation of the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions of labour, education and instruction, the work with sources of physical factors of influence on man, the work with biological substances, biological and microbiological organisms and their toxins shall entail a warning or the imposition of a fine on individual entrepreneurs and officials to the tune of 20 to 30 minimum amounts of wages and salaries and on legal entities to the tune of 200 to 300 minimum amounts of wages and salaries;
  5. the non-fulfilment of sanitary and counterepidemic (preventive) measures shall entail a warning or the imposition of a fine on individual entrepreneurs and officials to the tune of 30 to 40 minimum amounts of wages and salaries and on legal entities to the tune of 300 to 400 minimum amounts of wages and salaries.

3. Administrative penalties for the violation of the sanitary legislation shall be imposed by decisions of the officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in accordance with the powers stipulated by Article 51 of the present Federal Law.

4. Proceedings in cases of administrative offences, stipulated by Item 2 of this Article, shall be effected in the order established by the RSFSR Code of Administrative Offences.

5. Disciplinary and criminal responsibility for the violation of the sanitary legislation shall be instituted by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 56. The Execution of the Decision on the Imposition of a Fine on a Legal Entity for the Violation of the Sanitary Legislation

A decision on the imposition of a fine on a legal entity shall be executed by the legal entity which has breached the sanitary legislation within 15 days since the day of the service on him of the decision on the imposition of the fine;

in case of appealing or protesting such decision, the latter shall be executed within 15 days since the day of the written notification to the effect that the appeal or protest was left without satisfaction. Upon the expiry of the said terms and in case of the refusal ot execute the decision on the imposition of the fine on one's own accord, the compulsory execution of the said decision shall be effected in the order established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 57. Civil Liability for the Infliction of Harm Due to the Violation of the Sanitary Legislation

The harm inflicted on a person or his property, and also the harm caused to the property of a legal entity due to the violation of the sanitary legislation, shall be compensated in full by the individual or the legal entity who have caused the harm in keeping with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

 

Chapter VIII. Concluding Provisions

Article 58. The Entry into Force of the Present Federal Law

The present Federal Law shall enter into force from the day of its official publication.

Article 59. On the Recognition as Invalid of Particular Normative Legal Acts in Connection with the Adoption of the Present Federal Law

In connection with the adoption of the present Federal Law it is necessary to recognize as null and void the following normative acts are articles:

the RSFSR Law on the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR and the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, No. 20, 1991, item 641);

Article 2 of the Law of the Russian Federation on the Introduction of Amendments and Addenda to the RSFSR Law on the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population, the Law of the Russian Federation on the Protection of Consumers' Rights, the Law of the Russian Federation on Environmental Protection (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation, No. 29, 1993, item 1111);

Article 2 of the Federal Law on the Introduction of Amendments and Addenda to the Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the Adoption of the Laws of the Russian Federation on Standardization, on the Uniformity of Measurements and on the Certification of Products and Services (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, No. 26, 1995, item 2397);

Article 14 of the Federal aw on the Introduction of Amendments and Addenda to the Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Reforming of the Criminal Punishment Execution System (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, No. 30, 1998, item 3613);

the Resolution of Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR No. 1035-1 of April 19, 1991 on the Procedure for the Enforcement of the RSFSR Law on the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-being of the Population (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR and the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, No. 20, 1991, item 642).

Article 60. On Bringing Normative Legal Acts into Conformity with the Present Federal Law

The President of the Russian Federation shall be proposed and the Government of the Russian Federation shall be instructed to bring their normative legal acts into conformity with the present Federal Law.

 
President
of the Russian Federation
Boris Yeltsin

 
Moscow, the Kremlin
March 30, 1999
No. 52-FZ