Kremlin

President of Russia

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THE INTERACTION OF GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES |

[ PRESIDENT / The Interaction of Governmental Authorities ] |

| “The President of the Russian Federation ... shall ensure the concerted functioning and interaction of all bodies of state power.” The Constitution of the Russian Federation

The constitutional legal status of the head of state predetermines the scope of his authority in ensuring a uniform and stable system of state power and its effective functioning on the basis of its separation into three independent branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The President shall ensure that all governmental bodies execute their constitutional duties within the bounds of their authority. The active coordinating role of the President is realized both in the system of checks and balances – which ensure a balance of power among federal governmental bodies – and in the relations between governmental bodies of the Russian Federation and those of its constituent territories. Being officially distanced by law from all branches of power, the President drafts and issues legal regulations, discharges leadership duties, settles disputes and ensures that the Constitution is observed. The procedures for exercising such authority are specified in federal constitutional laws and federal laws.

Under the procedure stipulated by the Constitution, the President exercises his right to submit draft legislation, as well as the right to sign federal draft legislation into law or to veto it. This ensures the effectiveness of the President’s role in lawmaking. The decrees and orders of the President shall be binding throughout the Russian Federation. The President shall ensure the uniformity of the system of executive power as it pertains both to the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and to the joint jurisdiction of federal and regional government. If the Government issues resolutions or executive orders that contravene the Constitution, they may be repealed by the President.

The President’s constitutional powers to ensure the concerted functioning and interaction of all governmental bodies involve nominating candidates for official state positions, who must ultimately be appointed by parliamentary vote. The President shall submit to the Federation Council, the upper house of parliament, nominations for judges of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and the Supreme Arbitration (Arbitrazh) Court, as well as for Prosecutor General. A proposal to relieve the Prosecutor General of his duties must also be submitted to the Federation Council. The President shall submit to the State Duma, the lower house of parliament, nominations for appointment to the office of the Chairman of the Central Bank, and shall likewise submit to the State Duma any proposal to relieve the Chairman of the Central Bank of his duties.

As the guarantor of the Constitution and the entire system of constitutional law, the President shall ensure that the constitutions, laws and regulations of the constituent territories of the Russian Federation be in full compliance with the country’s Constitution and federal laws.

The President shall have the right to suspend laws and regulations issued by executive bodies of Russia’s constituent territories if such laws and regulations contravene the Constitution, federal laws or international obligations of the Russian Federation, or violate human and civil rights and liberties, pending the resolution of the issue in an appropriate court.

In order to settle differences between governmental bodies of the Russian Federation and governmental bodies of the constituent territories of the Russian Federation, and also between governmental bodies of two or more constituent territories of the Russian Federation, the President may apply conciliatory procedures. If no decision is agreed upon, the President may turn the dispute over for review to an appropriate court of law.

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