dc.contributor.author

value: Andreeva, Tatiana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Andreeva T.V. The Transformation of Imperial Politics in Poland from Constitutionalism to Bureaucratic Centralization. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 721–749.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the process of the formation the new Polish policy through the prism of
biographies of representatives of the Kingdom of Poland who became members of the Council
of State during the reign of Nicholas I. The article demonstrates that the problem of management of a huge country at the beginning of the researched period was one of the main
issues. The extraordinary circumstances of the accession to the throne, that is, the dynastic
and political crises, and then the revolutionary upheavals in Europe, had a decisive influence
on the choice by Nicholas I of strategic priorities and tactical attitudes of state policy. A tactical
means of achieving it was a new type of absolutism combining the monarch’s strong authoritarian power with an improved management system, one of the most important components
of which was determined by the “national” administration of Poland. At the same time, the
“information war” unfolding in connection with European revolutionary events forced the supreme power to pay special attention to its ideological and institutional convergence with the
political system of Russia. Given the conditions of the destruction of the system of relations
with Poland that existed until 1830, the government’s priority was to develop a new domestic
policy that would ensure that the imperial center maintain social peace in the region by means
of not only establishing a single legislative space,but also by incorporating the Polish administrative and military elite into the highest state institutions of the country.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Russian Empire

value: Kingdom of Poland

value: Polish Uprising

value: Nicholas I

value: Department of Affairs for the Kingdom of Poland of State Council


dc.contributor.author

value: Bołdyrew, Aleksander

value: Łopatecki, Karol

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bołdyrew A., Łopatecki K. Polish Way: The Light Cossack Cavalry in the Era of Military Revolution. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 3, рp.  683–709.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The aim of the article is to show the way of adaptation of the military potential of the Crown
to the Tatar threat, which first emerged in 1468. In connection with the particular geopolitical
situation we present the dissimilarity of military reforms from those in Western Europe. In
order to prevent Tatar raids, a standing frontier army (obrona potoczna or Permanent Defense) was formed. In the 1520s, an innovative strategy was developed which involved creating
two defense lines with a very deep reconnaissance, 500 kilometers east of Lviv, already on the
territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The consequence of applying the new model of defense was a new type of armed forces developed approximately two decades later, the cossack
cavalry. The article presents a phenomenon of the creation a unified, in terms of weaponry,
light cavalry, the process of which took place in the 1540s and 50s. Earlier the troops had
consisted of soldiers differently equipped and armored and using various horses. Out of this chaos there emerged more unified units, which was the result of experiences of south-east
borderline defense. The article emphasizes it was neither commanders-in-chief nor political and governmental factors that played a key role in the tactical innovation was mid-level
commanders (starosts, rotmistrzes). It was their experiments with different types of arms that
brought about a revolution in the rearmament and uniformity of the cavalry. The paper indicates that the main originator of the transformations was the starost of Bar and Trembowla
Bernard Pretwicz. A clear influence of political decisions and strategic concepts on the final
transformations in the warfare tactics should be noted.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This paper was written as part of a research project funded by the National Science Centre, Poland,
OPUS-16 (contract no. UMO-2018/31/B/HS3/00846), entitled “Social and economic importance of military
camps and garrisons in the Polish-Lithuanian state (16th–18th cc.)”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: military revolution

value: modernization processes

value: strategic innovations of the 16th c.

value: tactical innovations of the 16th c.

value: old-Polish military

value: cossack cavalry

value: military camps

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Alimdjanov, Bakhtiyor A.

value: Yanchenko, Denis G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alimdjanov B.A., Yanchenko D.G. A Russian Bank in the Khanate of Khiva of NovoUrgench Branch of the Russo-Asiatic Commercial Bank. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 790–813.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Cotton farming, being one of the leading branches of economic activity of Turkestan of the
beginning of the 20th century, attracted the attention of big investors of the Russian Empire.
This article examines functioning of the Novo-Urgench branch of the Russo-Asian commercial bank (RACB) on the basis of the material from Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA):
successful and unsuccessful operations, organizational structure, interaction with clients, and
its influence on the regional market. The unique character of this branch of one of the largest Russian banks lay in that fact that it was the only lending and financial institution that
expanded its operations throughout the entire oasis of Khiva, including territories that were
under control of the Khan of Khiva. Both local political and economic elites and entrepreneurs from Central Russia were clients and partners of the Novo-Urgench branch of the bank.
Wide-spread liaisons allowed the institution to promptly conquer and maintain, even under
conditions of a crisis, its niche on the market of financial services in Central Asia. On the
threshold of the World War I, the bank attempted to monopolize cotton farming, working
with big clients and even stimulating development of the processing industry. Novo-Urgench
branch of the Russo-Asian bank provided help to the local merchantry trying to increase export of raw cotton and to enter both Russia-wide and international markets. For the objective
reasons of shortage of liquid assets, underdeveloped infrastructure of the region, swings in
stock-exchange and problems with human resources, the Novo-Urgench branch of the Russo-Asiatic bank could not capture and control the Khivan market. During the war years, the Central Asian periphery was under the influence of the problems characteristic of not only the
banking sector, but Russian economy as a whole.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by the research grant No. 18-18-00142 “The Center and the regions: state
economic policy on the outskirts of the Russian Empire (1894–1917)” of the Russian Science Foundation

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Russian-Asian Commercial Bank

value: Khanate of Khiva

value: Turkestan

value: cotton

value: alfalfa

value: Russian Empire


dc.contributor.author

value: Vasilyev, Pavel A.

value: Zvonareva, Olga I.

value: Petrenko, Alexander N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasilyev P.A., Zvonareva O.I., Petrenko A.N. Clinical Trials of Rhodiola rosea in Tomsk in the Late Soviet Period. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 814– 825.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Rhodiola rosea is a Siberian medicinal plant possessing qualities of a central nervous system
stimulant that has been traditionally used in the folk medicine of the indigenous peoples in
Siberia. Between the 1960s and the 1980s, the plant had been intensively studied in the scientific laboratories of Tomsk. The study of physicochemical properties of the plant and its effects
on humans was initially carried out in the Tomsk Medical Institute (TMI) by a large research
group headed by A. S. Saratikov and E.A.Krasnov. Following a series of animal studies in the
early 1960s, Saratikov started to enlist human volunteers from TMI students and stuff and
examine the effects of the plant on concentration and auto-suggestion. These trials were later
expanded, and a number of medical institutions in Tomsk incorporated them into their research programs, seemingly hailing Rhodiola rosea as a potential all-curing miracle drug for
the overworked and stressed modern self. (Interestingly enough, there has recently been a renewed interest in the plant in the West that has corroborated a number of Soviet findings). At
the same time, research into the history of Rhodiola rosea trials also highlights both numerous
ethically problematic issues in the treatment of research participants as well as unexpected
divergences from the officially prescribed Soviet clinical trials practices. Using examples from
a large number of published scientific studies and corroborating them with materials from oral history interviews with researchers and study participants, this paper explores the local
idiosyncrasies that shaped Soviet clinical trials on the ground.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Funded by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 18-78-10016, “Balancing knowledge reliability
and ethical acceptability in clinical trials: from emergence of a randomized controlled trial to precision
medicine”).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Rhodiola rosea

value: A. S. Saratikov

value: Tomsk pharmacological research school

value: History of medicine in Tomsk

value: Bioethics


dc.contributor.author

value: Cherkasov, Aleksandr A.

value: Koroleva, Larisa A.

value: Bratanovskii, Sergei N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Cherkasov A.А., Koroleva L.А., Bratanovskii S.N. The System of Public Education on the Territory of the Black Sea Province in 1896–1917. Part 1. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 750–770.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the system of public education on the territory of the Black Sea province
in 1896–1917. In this part the authors consider the period of 1896–1908, that is, from the
moment the province was formed to the start of preparatory measures for the introduction
of universal primary education in Russia. The main sources for the preparation of the work
were the annual “Reports on the state of educational institutions in the Caucasian educational
district” which presented data on schools under the Ministry of Public Education and the
All-Subordinate reports of the Ober-Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, which reflected the information on parish schools. In conclusion, the authors state that public education on the territory of the Black Sea province in the period from 1896 to 1908 had its own extensive system and
included secondary, lower and primary educational institutions. For the specified time, the
number of students increased by more than 6,5 times, and the number of educational institutions — by 4 times. Despite a more than twofold increase in the population of the province
from 1896 to 1908, the number of schools per 1 thousand inhabitants increased (0,5 schools
per 1 thousand inhabitants in 1896, and 1 school per 1 thousand inhabitants in 1908). Along
with the rise in the number of schools, the library funds of educational institutions increased,
as well as other areas of school activity, for example, in the field of adult education.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Black Sea province

value: the system of public education

value: the Ministry of Public Education

value: the Holy Synod

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Zul’fugarzade, Teimur E.

value: Peretyatko, Artyom Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zulfugarzade T.E., Peretyatko A.Yu. Military Traditions of the Don Cossacks in the Late Imperial Period. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue  3, рp.  771–789.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The issue of the development of military traditions in the Cossack milieu on the eve of the 20th
century is a matter of debate in contemporary Russian historiography. A number of scholars
(e. g., A.V.Iarovoi and N.V.Ryzhkova) have argued that the Cossacks’ system of historical
military traditions remained viable until 1917. Other researchers (e. g., O.V.Matveev) have
claimed that the system of Cossack military traditions had actually experienced a crisis and
collapsed by then. This paper seeks to establish the truth. To accomplish this, the authors
draws upon a set of newly discovered responses from Russian generals to the report of the
Maslakovets Commission. The paper shows that the Cossacks’ historical traditions of military
training in the stanitsas were forgotten not by the beginning of the 20th century, but by the
1860s. During this time, declining combat capability of the Don units, with 50% of the young
Cossacks entering military service by the beginning of the 20th century “poorly” and “unsatisfactorily” prepared, drew the attention of Alexander  II. The War Ministry endeavored to
revive the Cossacks’ martial games and military training in the stanitsas. However, according
to certain Cossack generals, its actions, at the same time, had violated the historical Cossack
traditions of military training, causing, by certain testimonies, their total ruin by the beginning of the 20th century. The main conclusion drawn in this paper is that the image of the Cossack as a “dashing equestrian warrior” going back to official pre-revolutionary historiography
is highly idealized.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Don Cossacks

value: military traditions

value: martial games

value: preparation for service

value: idealization of the past


dc.contributor.author

value: Kleitman, Alexander L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kleitman A.L. Problems and Prospects of Study into the Scholarly Heritage of Professor Liubomirov. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue  3, рp.  939–949.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents an overview of the biography and scholarly heritage of a graduate of
St. Petersburg University, a student of S.F.Platonov, and an outstanding Russian historian of
the first half of the 20th century, P.G.Liubomirov. Based on the analysis of the works and
materials of the personal archive of the scholar, the paper shows that the sphere of academic
interests of P.G.Liubomirov comprised several directions. He made a great contribution to the
study of the socio-economic history of the Low Volga region in the 17th–19th centuries, and to
the history of social thought in Russia in the 18th century. A series of articles by P.G.Liubomirov on these topics appeared in the 1920–1930s in the regional academic periodicals. Many
works of the scholar have never been published and are kept in his archive as manuscripts.
In the 1930–1940s a group of his students and colleagues did a large amount of work with
concerning publication of his works. However, due to the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War
and ideological campaigns of the turn of the 1940–1950s this work has not been completed.
Today, much of the scholarly heritage of P.G.Liubomirov remains unpublished and unknown
to historians. The works of the historian has not lost their relevance. In this regard, it is necessary to resume work on the study and publication of the works of P.G.Liubomirov, which was
interrupted in the 1950s.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article has been prepared with financial support of the grant of Russian Foundation for Basic
Research, project 18-49-343004 “Problems of social and economic development of the Low Volga region in
the 16th–19th centuries in the researches of P.G.Liubomirov”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: the history of Russia of the 17th–19th centuries

value: the history of the Time of Troubles

value: the history of Russian industry in the 18th century

value: the history of the Low Volga region

value: the social thought of Russia of the 18th century


dc.contributor.author

value: Egorova, Kseniia B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Egorova K.B. Volhynian Revolution or Emergence of Conspiracy Theories in the Borderlands of the Russian Empire. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 710–720.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is devoted to the issue of the emergence of conspiracy theories and their existence
in the borderlands; the research is focused on the western boundaries of the Russian Empire,
belonging to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth before its partition. The material relating
to these territories enables to have a fresh look on genesis of “the conspiracy theories’” in
society, on the one hand, to reflect on the peculiarity of the borderland as a special cultural
space, and, on the other hand, to add specific characteristics of “conspiracy theories” of the
borderlands to the list of contributory factors to emergence of conspiracy theories in society.
Reference to the west borders of the Russian Empire enables to use the material related to the
beginning of 19th century, which is important for further development of the conspiracy study
in Russia. This article centers around the analysis of “The letters written by court counsillor
Opytov to countess Starozhilova with historical overview of the political mood of the nobility
in Volhynian governorate”. Life of Volhynian Governorate at the beginning of the 19th century
is reflected in the letters which contain the exposure of the Polish gentry’s plot against the Russian stateness. The extent of the “historicity” of this document and the possibility of assessing
the situation in this region based on so-called Opytov’s evidence raise doubts. The performed
analysis shows that Opytov’s letter was a fiction aimed at a narrow circle of readers familiar
with the situation in Volhynia and western regions in general. The text of this letter contains
the encrypted conspiracy narratives, known to Opytov’s contemporaries, which can become
the key to understanding what type of text it is.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 3

value: conspiracy theories

value: history of Russian Empire

value: borderlands theory

value: polish history and culture

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Daniš, Miroslav

dc.identifier.citation

value: Danis M. The Uprising of Francis Rákóczi the Second in the Сontext of Russian Diplomacy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 865–882.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The uprising of Francis II Rákóczi in 1703–1711 is a frequently debated topic in European
historiographies (especially in Hungarian, Slovak and Polish). For the Slovak historiography
(since its beginning), anti-Habsburg uprisings in the 17th and early 18th centuries has been a
key issue. There is a number of works that deal with the last anti-Habsburg uprising in Hungary in detail. The aim of this study is to examine the mentioned events through the prism of
a different historical source, the Russian newspaper “Vedomosti”, which in 1703 to 1711 captured relatively detailed information about the uprising of Francis II Rákóczi. The first report
about the anti-Habsburg uprising in Russian Journal “Vedomosti” was published in October
1703. Most reports describe military operations on the Slovak territory, which makes their
content interesting for Slovak historiography. The study analyses the problems of international
relations and political interests of the Imperial Russian court with regard to Francis II Rákóczi
in the context of sources, scholarly literature as well as information from the newspaper itself.
Reports of the Francis II. Rákóczi’s uprising in the Russian periodical from 1703–1711 may
not be of key importance to the scholarly research of the uprising itself, but they demonstrate the interest of the Russian diplomacy in the events in Central Europe and Hungarian
anti-Habsburg rebellions in the context of European policy in the early 18th century. After
the conclusion of the treaty of Satmár, Francis II Rákóczi remained interesting for European
politics, even in a different context. After 1711, Tsar Peter the Great invited F.Rákóczi and his
supporters to immigrate to Russia. However, such an option was unacceptable to F.Rákóczi
himself.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: European Diplomacy

value: 18th century

value: Peter the Great

value: Francis II Rákóczi

value: Slovak Historiography

value: Russian Newspaper Vedomosti


dc.contributor.author

value: Kiselev, Mikhail A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kiselev M.А. Marxism and the Development of Theoretical and Methodological Views of Law Historian Boris Ivanovich Syromiatnikov. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 921–938.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the rethinking of theoretical and methodological foundations of the
scholarly activities of B.I. Syromiatnikov, who was one of the leading Russian pre-revolutionary law historians. In historiography he has been described as a representative of critical positivism and a supporter of a factor approach to history. On the basis of information about his
social activities and academic interests at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the article
demonstrates that he took a considerable interest in social problems and illegal socialist literature as well as in modern sociological thought, including Marxism. His European study trip
from 1903 to 1905 only strengthened the interest in the works of Karl Marx. The examination of the journalistic articles by Syromiatnikov, published in the years of the First Russian
Revolution, shows that by 1906 he had used ideas and analytical categories (socio-economic
formation, class struggle) of K.Marx and his followers (A.Bebebel, K.Kautsky). In addition,
he sympathized with right-wing socialists such as E.Bernstein and E.Vandervelde. Following
the approaches of such thinkers, Syromiatnikov defined the contemporary political events in
Russia as a liberal revolution, and considered that the socialist agenda was premature for Russia. Based on Marxist ideas and on the comparative historical method, the historian created in
1905 an original concept of the changes in forms of political organization of society in Russia
from veche democracy to an absolutist state. Due to the fact that this scheme was developed
with the use of Marxist ideas, Syromiatnikov was able to reproduce it in the framework of
Soviet historical science.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: B.I. Siromiatnikov

value: history of historical science

value: Marxism

value: First Russian Revolution 1905–1907

value: Russian Empire


dc.contributor.author

value: Blockmans, Wim

dc.identifier.citation

value: Blockmans W. Civil Rights and Political Participation in Ancien Régime Europe. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 842–864.

dc.description.abstract

value:
After the Second World War, a wave of euphoria fostered an international consensus that
led to the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the European Treaty
for Human Rights, and institutions safeguarding their application. In the early 21st century,
however, these great ideals and even parliamentary democracy appear to be open to various
forms of manipulation tending to the restriction of its own constitutional rights and functions.
This paper retraces the long-term genesis of these concepts which emerged in the course of a
centuries-long development that is uniquely European. A constant tension can be observed
between the difficult formulation of fundamental rights of subjects, originally on a local and
regional basis, and the effectiveness of the institutions created to control governments. The
growth of cities, which acquired various levels of autonomy and autarchy, was fundamental to
make it possible that immunities and particular privileges similar to those of clerics and aristocrats were extended to the new communities. The periods of urban growth, and the density
of cities within particular territories, determined which balance of powers was stabilised. The
earliest and most intense wave of urbanisation, in North and Central Italy from the 10th to the
13th century, brought civil rights and privileges for local communes, but also domination of
the largest cities as they absorbed or eliminated all potentially countervailing powers. In other
regions, various balances were attained between the prevailing seigneurial interests and those
of urban communities.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: urbanisation

value: commercialisation

value: privileges

value: representation

value: oligarchisation

dc.title

value: Article


title: The Immortal Host of Prince Igor

dc.contributor.author

value: Rostovtsev, Evgeny A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rostovtsev E.A. The Immortal Host of Prince Igor. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 883–903.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The attention of the author of this paper is focused on “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” (Slovo o
polku Igoreve), a famous work of Russian literature. Before the revolution the text was included
in the school curriculum, and within the period of 1850–1917 its separate editions exceeded
150. The early Soviet period was marked by a brief decline of the popularity of the “Tale”, but
since mid-1930s, the number of its separate editions started to grow, and the negative or indifferent comments on Prince Igor Sviatoslavich in Soviet encyclopedias were replaced by the favorable ones. The heroization of its characters during the Great Patriotic War also contributed
to the popularity of the “Tale”. After the war, “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” was effectively used
again as a symbol of the unity of three brotherly nations — Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian.
The celebrations of different anniversaries, such as the 750th anniversary of the “Tale” and
150th anniversary of its first publication were also typical of the Soviet era. After the collapse
of the Soviet Union, the “Tale” has become an object of rivalry between Russia and Ukraine.
Each country claims to be the only true heir of the “Tale”, actively contributing to its popularization via publications, the organization of commemorative events and the introduction of its text into school curriculums. However, further prospects of the “Tale” commemoration-wise
are quite obscure — the article argues that the “Tale” (as well as many other literary works)
does not constitute an effective tool for building of national past.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article is prepared for publication under the patronage of RNF as part of research project
“‘Mobilized Middle Ages’, focused on the medieval images in the discourses of nation and state building in
Russia, Central European and Baltic states in the modern and contemporary time”, project No. 16-18-10080.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: The Tale of Igor’s Campaign

value: historical memory

value: historical policy

value: literary works

value: the Old Russian book-learning

value: Igor Sviatoslavovich Novgorod-Seversky

value: Yaroslavna

value: Boian

value: memorial places

value: The Immortal Host of Prince Igor


dc.contributor.author

value: Puchenkov, Alexander S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Puchenkov A. S. Ethnic Disintegration and the Dissolution of the USSR. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 826–841.

dc.description.abstract

value:
An immense role in the collapse of the USSR was played by a whole array of factors: the public
being tired of the Communist project; the massive shortages of consumer goods, which made
people hate the government; the growing opposition within the Communist party to Gorbachev’s reforms; the hesitation of the General Secretary who tried to rely in turn either on
the right or on the left wing; the drastic fall in the living standards. The crucial role, however,
was played by “the parade of sovereignties” and the Centre being too late in its attempts to
address the national question. By the autumn of 1990, the President’s close associates started
to sense that power was slipping from Gorbachev’s hands; with the fellow countrymen staying
remarkably indifferent, the Soviet Union was heading towards dissolution as the ambitions of
local party leaders in the constituent republics generated and cannily magnified nationalist
and separatist trends. Gorbachev kept up his maneuver strategy, which put him on the verge
of resignation in the spring of 1991 when his support was minimal. He seemed, though, to
have managed to pull out of this dive thanks to the Soviet Union referendum held on March
17, in which the voters were asked if they considered the preservation of the USSR necessary.
Eventually, however, the issue of preserving or not preserving a unified state depended directly on the position of Russia as the backbone of the Soviet Union. The study draws on the
author’s personal archive of original testimonies and interviews of the political figures directly
involved in the events in question.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by grant No. 15-18-00119  from The Russian Science Foundation
“Historical Experience of Management of Ethnic Diversity and Ethnic and Confessional Conflicts in
Imperial, Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia: Interdisciplinary Research”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 3

value: M. S.Gorbachev

value: USSR

value: national question

value: disintegration


dc.contributor.author

value: Savich, Aleksandr A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Savich A.А. Historiography and New Sources about the Dissolution of the Communist Party of Western Belarus. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 962– 974.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is aimed at studying the Belarusian historiography on the dissolution of the Communist Party of Poland and its constituent part — the Communist Party of Western Belarus
in 1938 by a decision of the Executive Committee of the Comintern on suspicion of penetration of enemy agents. On the basis of a wide range of historiographical sources, including
archival documents, the author reveals the emergence and transformation of the approaches
and critical views of historians of the BSSR on this topic, taking into account the positions of
Russian and Polish scholars and the determination of the judgments of the researchers of the
1930s — the first half of the 1950s by the official Soviet version of the validity of the dissolution
of the communist parties of Poland and Western Belarus as agents of Piłsudski. The political
rehabilitation of the Communist Party of Poland in 1956 contributed to the intensification of
the study into the history of the Communist Party of Western Belarus, but there was no significant extension of the topic of dissolution either in 1960–1980 or during the period of the Republic of Belarus. At the same time, the organizational status of the communist organizations
in Western Belarus in the 1930s has not been explored, and no attempts have been made to
systematically identify the contacts with the Polish police and the Polish security service. The
research identifies archival documents of the Communist Party of Western Belarus and Polish
state bodies, including the state police, which testify to the unsatisfactory state of the communist organizations, low party discipline, as well as secret contacts of ordinary party members
and leading workers with the security service and the Polish police.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: the communist movement in Western Belarus

value: Dissolution of the Communist Party of Poland

value: historiography

value: sources

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Baryshnikov, Vladimir N.

value: Borisenko, Victor N.

value: Chepik, Victor N.

value: Plath, Tilman

dc.identifier.citation

value: Baryshnikov V.N., Borisenko V.N., Chepik V.N., Plath T. Scandinavistics by the Prominent Russian Historian Professor Vozgrin. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 990–1005.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes the life path and analyzes academic achievements of a prominent Russian
scholar, historian, member of the Danish Royal Academy of Sciences, professor of the Institute
of History of St. Petersburg State University Valery Evgenyevich Vozgrin (1939–2020). The
works of V.E.Vozgrin are well known in all Scandinavian countries, Germany, Italy, Spain, Estonia and other countries. The authors of the article highlight three main areas in his study of
the history of the Scandinavian countries: first — the history of diplomacy and international
relations of the 17th and 18th centuries, particularly, the diplomacy during the Great Northern
War; second — the colonial policy of the countries such as Denmark and Sweden, which has
never been researched by domestic historians; third — historiographic direction in the study
of Scandinavian countries, which has never been developed on such a large scale in Russia
before. Moreover, the analysis of a number of large historiographical works of the researcher
clearly indicates an original style of the author in considering some little-known and very
complex historiographic problems. The article concludes that the research base established by
professor Vozgrin for studying the history of the Scandinavian countries has laid a solid foundation for further examination of the history of the Nordic countries as well as for Scandinavistics in St. Petersburg to whose development V.Vozgrin made a considerable contribution.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project No. 19-09-00383

dc.subject

value: history of Denmark

value: history of Sweden

value: Northern War

value: Scandinavistics

value: historiography of Scandinavian countries

value: colonial empires

value: diplomacy and international relations

value: 18th century


dc.contributor.author

value: Krikh, Sergey B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krikh S.B. The Russian Version of the Sociology of Antiquity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 1006–1015.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reviews the book “The Banks of the Oecumene. Historical Sociology about the
Paradoxes of the Economic Life of the Ancient East” by the Russian scientist S.A.Davydov.
The book is comprised of three chapters: the first chapter deals with the genesis of a state;
the second — with the early history of ancient Egypt and its “mobilizing economy”, and the
third — with the ancient Mesopotamian society, particularly, with freedom and slavery in its
economic activity. The author of the article points out that references to scholarly works in
other sources and factual lapses significantly impair the quality of this work. A considerable
part of the book is a review of selected fragments from several famous books (for example,
“The Stone Age Economics” by M. Sahlins), which impacts the independence of the work. The
problem lies not only in the lack of original material for the book, but in the fact that Davydov
is not sufficiently aware of the history of the development of scholarship about the ancient
world, and therefore often deems relevant such theories that have been recognized as outdated
for a long time. Davydov’s key ideas are not as fresh and bold as he thinks. For example, when
the author questions the despotic nature of ancient Eastern societies (Egypt and Mesopotamia), he challenges a stereotypical perception of despotism, which is far from the knowledge
about ancient societies and not connected with contemporary scholarly theories. The author’s
reflections about “freedom — slavery” in the ancient world only come close to the ideas put
forward by M.Finley and I.Gelb more than fifty years ago. Nevertheless, the attempt of a historical and sociological analysis of ancient history deserves attention and may be useful for the
development of historical scholarship.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-09-41014 (“From the Holy Land to the
Slave Formation: The History of the Ancient Near East in Russian Historical Scholarship in 20th century”).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: historical sociology

value: genesis of a state

value: Ancient Egypt

value: Ancient Mesopotamia


dc.contributor.author

value: Palamarchuk, Anastasia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Palamarchuk А.А. Scandinavian Component in Anglo-Saxon and Norman Identities. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 1016–1023.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides an analytical review of contemporary British historiography in the field of
Anglo-Saxon and Norman ethnicity. On the one hand, modern scholars shift the focus on periphery and frontier regions of the kingdoms of Scotland and England and the Duchy of Normandy; on the other hand, the concept of “Atlantic archipelago” emphasizes the specificity of
insular variant of ethno-political development. The phenomenon of “the Norman world”, encompassing whole communities and territories inhabited by the Normans, is a fertile ground
for realization of such “regional” approach. Both its strengths and limitations can be seen
in the fundamental study “Heirs of the Vikings: History and Identity in Normandy and England, c. 950 — c. 1015” by Katherine Cross. She demonstrates that the denotation of the term
“Norman” was not stable, and its interpretation was determined by the historical memory of
a concrete region or community. Comparing two regions where, on the one hand, a complex
ethnic landscape had been preserved by the 10th–11th centuries, and where, on the other hand,
centralizing tendencies of the ambitious ruling dynasties had been developing, K.Cross seeks
answers to the question “Why and how did Viking identity come to mean different things in
England and Normandy?” The comparative approach to exploring Norman and English identities chosen by the author is realized exclusively on the basis of textual evidence: genealogies,
ethnogenetic narratives, hagiography and charters. The analysis of “ethnic” discourse of the
sources carried out by K.Cross is a vital, yet intermediate step towards a more fundamental
debate.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Financial support: St. Petersburg State University (travel grant “Territory and Power in Early Modern
Antiquarian Discourse”, Pure Nо. 42347703)

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Anglo-Saxon

value: Norman

value: Viking

value: Identity

value: Ethnicity

value: Historiography

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Borokh, Olga N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Borokh O.N. From Western Knowledge to a National Textbook: The Evolution of Li Quanshi’s Socio-economic Views. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 426–451.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the scholarly legacy of Li Quanshi as part of the history of intellectual
interactions between China and the West in the Republican Period. Having been educated in
the United States, in the early 1920s Li Quanshi used Western economic theories to develop a
model of administrative and fiscal decentralization in China. He denounced “the communism
of revenue” between different levels of government in China, pointed to the failure of a despotic centralized bureaucracy, and called to transfer financial authority to the level of provincial
assemblies. Later, Li Quanshi’s views evolved from liberalism to the support of government
intervention in the economy. Numerous publications by Li Quanshi impacted the process of the formation of Chinese economics in the Republican Period. He proposed to produce a
“national textbook” in economics that took into account the Chinese realities. Li Quanshi set
the goal of moving from copying and rendering foreign books to creating China’s own internationally competitive academic writings. The scholar relied upon the division of economics, widely accepted in the West, into production, distribution, exchange, and consumption,
but its application to traditional Chinese material generated new results. In the first history
of Chinese economic thought written in the Chinese language Li Quanshi interpreted and
structured traditional heritage using Western concepts. His determination to introduce Chinese characteristics into economic research has stimulated increased attention to the issues of
consumption and the role of the state in the economy. It is concluded that Li Quanshi’s ideas
of the 1920s and 1930s have regained relevance in the context of the current official policy of
support to “social sciences with Chinese characteristics”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Republican China

value: economics

value: financial system

value: E.R.A. Seligman

value: national textbook

value: consumption

value: ancient Chinese thought


dc.contributor.author

value: Reisner, Marina L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Reisner M.L. King Yima — Jam — Jamshid: From Mythological Hero to Literary Image. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 348–367.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the evolution of the mythological personage, ancient king, and cultural hero Yima in Persian literature of the Muslim period. With the help of translations of
the Avesta as well as commentary and theological texts of Middle Persian literature, the work
depicts Yima’s main creative functions as the keeper and protector of living beings, ruler of
the world in the “Golden Age,” grantor of corporeal immortality, upholder of the cosmic and
social order, and savior of the world from a natural catastrophe. These functions are opposed
by the role of Yima as the first sinner, through whose fault the “Golden Age” was lost. The
rudiments of the complex of mythological legends that have developed around Yima are reflected in Shahnama, the great epos that continued the Iranian narrative tradition of ancient
times and the early Middle Ages. All the motifs based on Jam-Jamshid’s legends in different genres of lyric and lyric-epic poetry of XI–XIV centuries can be divided into three groups
and they reflect the dual attitude towards this hero. The choice of a motif of a certain group
in Persian classical poetry directly depended on genre context (panegyric, didactic, mysticallegoric, anacreontic). In lyric-epic and lyric poetry (qasida and qhazal), the circle of motifs
connected with Jam-Jamshid are concentrated around Jamshid’s Throne and Jamshid’s Cup.
Some similarities of Jamshid and Suleiman stories led to a merging of the two heroes in the
Iranian tradition and even to a contamination of their roles and attributes. Sufi poets often
used the motif Jamshid’s Cup showing the entire Universe (jam-i giti-nama) as a symbol of
mystical knowledge.

value: myth of Yima

value: cultural hero

value: golden age

value: the Fall

value: Jam (Jamshid)

value: narrative tradition

value: Persian classical poetry

value: semantic of image


dc.contributor.author

value: Bochkarev, Sergey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bochkarev, Sergey A. 2020. “The impact of the transformation of the justice system on ensuring the independence of judges, prosecutors, and investigators”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 625–638.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the transformation processes of the domestic justice system over the past
thirty years. The influence of structurally applied modifications of the system on its intangible
aspects (independence, internal conviction, freedom of assessment, etc.), contributing to the
administration and achievement of justice, is evaluated. Particular attention is paid to the
study of the impact of justice reforms on the independence of its institutions and representatives because without guarantees and a state of independence, justice loses its meaning and
turns into its opposite. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that organizational
and structural measures to ensure the independence of the main subjects of legal proceedings were not complex, individual, and local in nature. The restructuring of the investigating
authorities and the prosecutor’s office in 2007–2019, as well as the modification of the judicial system, were aimed at minimizing interdepartmental and interinstitutional dependence.
However, the transformations did not affect the aspect of ensuring intra-departmental and
intra-institutional independence of their subjects. As a result, the administrative dependence
of an ordinary employee of the justice system in regard to his immediate supervisor remained
at the same level. An assessment of the shortcomings of the reform made it possible to predict that the structuring of the justice system in the short and medium term will not lead
to increased independence of investigators, prosecutors, and judges as a key and expected
result. Ultimately, it will be reflected in the fact that for a long time these representatives did
not subordinate to the law, but conversely they were placed in a position controlled by higher
management and taught to properly comply with requirements.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for basic research under research project
No. 18-011-01232 “The Condition of the domestic system of justice: an inside look at its autonomy and
independence”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 11; Issue 3

value: independence of justice

value: transformation of the justice system

value: law enforcement agencies

value: independence

value: judge

value: investigator

value: prosecutor

value: restructuring

value: reform

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Burlakov, Vladimir N.

value: Plotkina, Lilia N.

value: Shchurova, Anna S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Burlakov, Vladimir N., Lilia N.Plotkina, Anna S. Shchurova. 2020. “Restrictions on the right to distribute information on the Internet in light of countering the spread of drugs”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 550–562.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Digitalization has led not only to the expansion of the sphere of people’s communication
space, but also to more effective illegal acts with substances that are prohibited from being
circulated, in particular, narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, their analogues, or precursors (hereinafter abbreviated as drugs). Today, drug distribution has “gone online”, and the
state is forced to restrict the right to freedom of information in order to make such distribution unsafe for drug traffickers. The article assesses the state of crimes committed in this area
and analyzes the problem of the additional criminalization of actions that contribute to the
spread of drugs through the use of the Internet. It is emphasized that the Internet’s capabilities contribute to drug trafficking to varying degrees, and specific actions are highlighted that
increase drug use among the population. The authors come to the conclusion that the use of
the Internet in drug crimes requires stricter responsibility not only for the sale of drugs, but
also in relation to persuasion, both by involving a particular person in their consumption and by promoting drug use. Attention is paid to the psychological mechanism of drug dependence, the study of which is important for the prevention of drug related crimes. The conclusion is substantiated that the tendency to use drugs through the use of the Internet generates
a combination of addictive behavior, in which there is interaction and complementarity in the
quality of the impact on the person from the Internet and drugs. As a result, “Internet addiction” develops as a relatively new area of addiction. This explains why the first victims of the
new addiction are teenagers who are firmly “stuck in the Internet web”, and how the negative
impact of this web can be reduced.

dc.subject

value: Internet

value: digitalization

value: foreign experience

value: Internet addiction

value: drug propaganda

value: propensity to use drugs


title: The features of Japanese labour law

dc.contributor.author

value: Toki, Masahito

value: Sychenko, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Toki, Masahito, Elena V. Sychenko. 2020. “The features of Japanese labour law”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 679–692.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article considers the peculiarities of Japanese labour law that differ the most from the
traditional Russian approach to labour regulation. The authors sought to fill the information vacuum in Russian legal scholarship dedicated to Japanese law, as well as to examine the
unique features of this branch of law. It is impossible to consider, in one article, an exhaustive
list of questions about Japanese labour law, which are of interest to researchers. Therefore, the
choice of topics for analysis was dictated by two types of considerations: the uniqueness of
Japanese regulation and the relevance of the topic to Russian reality. Within the first group,
the authors examined the peculiarities of the arrangement, modification, and termination of
employment contracts in addition to the features of the wage structure. Also, the practice of
exercising the employer’s right to order the employee to stay at home while continuing to pay
wages is analysed due to the absence of a clause in Japanese law on the right of the employee
to be provided with work. In the second group, the issue of an employment policy for elderly
people in Japan was considered as it is relevant for Russia in light of the recent pension reform.
The methodological basis of the study was the use of a functional comparative method. The
use of this method allowed the authors to ascertain greater flexibility in Japanese labour law
regarding changes in working conditions, and a higher degree of labour mobility in comparison to Russia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 11; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: labour

value: labour law

value: Japan law

value: employment contract

value: pre-retirement age

value: wage

dc.title

value: The features of Japanese labour law


dc.contributor.author

value: Tikhomirov, Yuriy A.

value: Nanba, Saria B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tikhomirov, Yuriy A., Saria B.Nanba. 2020. “Robotization: Dynamics of legal regulation”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 532–549.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the legal basis of robotization. The regulation features in this area are
formulated due to the complex nature of the relationship. The legal problems of robotization
in various areas of public life are given consideration: economics, labor relations, industry,
and transport. The authors investigate the legal nature of managing state affairs in connection
with the robotization process. Achieving high goals requires systematic consistent activity in
all sectors of the economy and social sphere. This involves, firstly, general regulators, and secondly, the development of robotization in individual industries and fields, at enterprises and
companies on a territorial scale. In particular, such is the experience of larger enterprises and
here local regulators are necessary. It is proposed to formulate a system of legal support for
robotization. The variation of robotization and its legal support is substantiated. In this regard,
the role of methodological recommendations of the federal authorities should be combined
with the updating and streamlining of departmental regulatory and technical documentation
in electronic form. The problem of regulatory risks is becoming more relevant and the authors
distinguish three types of possible risks in the field of robotization: traditional legal risks (violation of the legal system, criteria for choosing a legal personality, the absence of forecasting
consequences and the presence of conflicts, etc.); risks as a result of flaws in the interaction of
man and robot (unclear decision-making modes, poor “embeddedness” regarding dialogue
modes in the control mechanism, underestimation of functional modes, etc.); risks of a program-technical nature, when errors in programs and the use of robots require their warning
due to the clear regulation of objects of activity. The conclusions reached by the authors are
that the robotic processes are planned and phased in the context of managing the public process; different branches of law are designed to ensure the functioning of robots; it is necessary
to investigate the consequences of robotization for a “legal person”, its self-development, as
well as new areas of the influence of law in place of the former.

dc.subject

value: robotization

value: legal regulation

value: dynamics

value: risks

value: regulation

value: digitalization

value: forecasting

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Dong, Xiao

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dong Xiao. Changing Recognition and the End of Authority — about the Fate of Russian and Soviet Literature in China. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 316–331.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Since the 1980s, Russian and Soviet literature has been met with a cold response from Chinese
readers. Although there are some historical reasons for this situation, it is quite unfortunate.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Russian literature was irrationally regarded as the best literature in the
whole world by most Chinese readers, a distorted an incorrect perception. These phenomena
have largely caused the indifference of Chinese readers today. Over the past 100 years, Chinese
modern literature consciously accepted the influence of Russian literature, and the images of
Russian literature changed according to different situations in the course of development in
China. The positive and negative consequences of this influence depend on the various concepts and borrowing methods by modern Chinese writers. In the 1980s with the beginning of
the reforms and openness, the horizons of the Chinese readers broadened, and they started
to fully realize what foreign literature was. At that time Russian and Soviet literature was just
a small part of foreign literature and could not dominate the landscape. The relationship between Chinese and Russian literature became independent in many ways. Today’s studies of
Russian-Chinese literary relations should continue to examine this phenomenon, find cultural
factors that support it and look for unappreciated spiritual sources in Russian and Soviet literature. Additionally, the shared problems that modern Russian and Chinese literature face
should be investigated.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Russian and Soviet literature

value: Chinese modern and contemporary literature

value: reception of literature

value: literary influence


dc.contributor.author

value: Alyakin, Dmitry S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alyakin, Dmitry S. 2020. “Due and specific performance of contractual obligations under Russian law”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 584–600.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the due and specific performance of contractual obligations under Russian law in addition to determining the ratio of these categories among themselves. The relevance of this article stems from the evolution of the market economy and the concomitant
increase of the role of contractual performance, which mediates the movement of benefits
between the parties of a business transaction. The effectiveness of this process, contributing to
the economic growth of the state, is possible if the obligations are duly performed. The aim of
the work is to examine the nature and structure of due and specific performance in order to
identify their interrelation and value in the course of contractual performance. The research
material consisted of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Russian jurisprudence, and
Russian authors’ scientific papers in the field of civil law. The methodological basis involved
general scientific (analysis, synthesis, and analogy) and special legal methods (comparativelegal, formal-logical, systemic, structural-functional methods, and method of interpretation).
The allocation of the principle of due contractual performance under Russian law is justified.
Herewith, due and specific performance are not just closely interrelated, but they are related
overall and as components. It seems appropriate to consider specific performance as an element of the above-mentioned principle. However, specific performance is not a principle due
to its lack of universality caused by certain restrictions and conditions for its implementation,
taking into account the existing legal regulation and current practice. At the same time, specific performance continues to play an important role in the course of primarily long-term
contractual performance and the performance of obligations arising from contracts involving
monopolistic companies.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 11; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: contractual performance

value: principle of due performance

value: requirement of specific performance

value: Russian law

value: civil law


dc.contributor.author

value: Chebotareva, Irina N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chebotareva, Irina N. 2020. “Waiver of rights in Russian criminal procedure: Issues of theory, legislative regulation, and law enforcement”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 651– 665.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the waiver of procedural rights as a particular legal phenomenon. The
rationale for studying the waiver of rights in the Russian criminal procedure doctrine arises from the expansion of the spheres of disposition and adversarial nature in present-day Russian criminal procedure. In order to form an overall picture of the ‘waiver of rights’, the article
describes its distinctive features and elements that characterize it. Additionally, the theoretical aspects of the waiver of rights in present-day Russian criminal procedures, as well as the
legal regulation of a waiver, are analyzed. A waiver of subjective rights is understood as an
expression of a legal person’s will in terms of failure to behave as provided for by objective
law, which is characterized by voluntariness, awareness, and freedom of choice. It is asserted
that any non-realization of rights by a subject is not considered a waiver. The difference is
demonstrated in the understanding of the concept ‘waiver of rights’ in the approaches of the
European Court of Human Rights, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, as
well as in the interpretation of the rules of criminal procedural legislation, which regulates
a person’s ability to waive the rights granted to them by the Supreme Court of the Russian
Federation. The article states that the disposition principle of legal regulation, applied by the
legislator to participants in criminal proceedings defending their personal interests, presupposes the legislatively established possibility of a person to refuse to exercise the right unless
it violates the more important public interest. Attention is given in the article to the necessity
of guarantees that ensure voluntariness, awareness, and freedom of choice in case of a person’s
waiver of their rights.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-011-00858.

dc.subject

value: subjective right

value: waiver of right

value: refusal to exercise a right

value: disposition in criminal procedure

value: defendant’s waiver of counsel

value: involuntary waiver of rights

value: forms of waiver

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Moiseeva, Anna V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Moiseeva A.V. Prophet Sulaymān in Classical Persian Poetry: Semantics and Structure of the Image. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 398–414.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses structure, semantic content, and functioning of the image of the
Qur’anic prophet Sulaymān (Biblical Solomon) in Persian medieval poetry. Analysis of the
poetic material leads to a conclusion about the main spheres of application of this image and
its semantic connotations both in eulogistic and religious-mystical poetry. The article defines the main motifs of the Qur’anic story of this prophet that became a part of Persian poetic tradition and how they relate to the various themes that poets touch upon. For instance,
motives of Sulaymān’s power over winds and demons, as well as images of his throne and
the ring that gave him that power, were used primarily in eulogies when poets compared
their patrons to the legendary king. A special place in Sufi poetry is occupied by the image
of the hoopoe and the motif of the bird’s language that reveal topics of a disciple-mentor
relationship and leadership in the path of mystical knowledge. As a global characteristic
of Sulaymān’s image, we can outline its ambivalence which has its roots in the biblical narrative, where along with wisdom one can find mention of Solomon’s arrogance. Further
exegetical tradition speaks of dethronement of Sulaymān by a demon as a punishment for
arrogance. Later on, these themes can be found in Persian literature in the form of motifs
of humility and frailty of the earthly life, which gained special meaning in the context of
didactic and mystical poetry.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Persian poetry

value: image

value: prophet Sulaymān

value: stories of prophets in the Qur’an

value: narrative

value: motive


dc.contributor.author

value: Zorin, Alexander V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zorin A. Some Critical Remarks on the Book “Russian Orientalism” by the Canadian Slavist David Schimmelpenninck van der Oye. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 466–475.


dc.contributor.author

value: Zinovyev, Vasiliy P.

value: Sulyak, Sergey G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zinovyev V.P., Sulyak S.G. Scientific and Technical Associations of Tomsk Province. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 904–920.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article analyzes the corporate movement in the scientific and technical spheres of Russia’s largest Tomsk province in the late 19th — early 20th centuries. The authors have collected the most comprehensive information available in historiography about the scientific and
technical associations of the province. In total, 35 associations have been identified. Tomsk,
being a university city, had more scientific and technical associations than other cities — 20.
It is determined that the most important factor in the emergence of scientific communities
and their activity in the Tomsk province were higher educational institutions: the Imperial
University (which opened in 1888); the Institute of Technology (1896), and Siberian Higher courses for women (1910), whose teachers initiated the majority of agricultural, medical,
technical, local history, and humanitarian public associations. The second most important
factor was the activity of officials of the regional administration concentrated in Tomsk — civil
servants, engineers by education, in such spheres as transport, mining, telegraph, excise and
others. The third factor in uniting fans of scientific activity was the Siberian group of the State
Duma, which initiated the work of the society for the study of Siberia and improvement of its
life. The fourth, the most numerous, but weak in scientific terms, group of associations was
formed by agricultural specialists: agronomists, animal technicians, beekeepers, gardeners,
botanists. The departments of the Imperial Russian geographical society in the Tomsk province were represented by one — the Altai sub-department in Barnaul. The authors conclude
that scientific associations were non-political associations whose social significance was small
in contrast to the scientific one.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 3

value: scientific and technical societies

value: Tomsk province

value: late 19th — early 20th century


dc.contributor.author

value: Kiejzik, Lilianna-Bożena

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kiejzik L.-B. A Contribution to the History of Relationship between Lev Karsavin and Georges Florovsky. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 3, рp. 950–961

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the relatively little-known relationship between two historians, philosophers, intellectuals and prominent representatives of the Silver age in the development of Russian spiritual culture: a medievalist Lev Karsavin and a historian and theologian Fr. Georges
Florovsky. The material is based on unpublished correspondence between Georges Florovsky
and his brother, Anthony Florovsky — a historian, Professor at Charles University in Prague,
as well as on the basis of letters from the 1920s from Klaudia Florovskaia (sister of Georges
and Anthony) to Georges Florovsky. The letters are kept in the archive of Anthony Vasilievich
Florovsky, in the National Library of the Czech Republic in Prague (Slovanská knihovna).
The correspondence shows the problems of Russian post-revolutionary emigration to Sofia
(Bulgaria) and to Prague (Czechoslovakia). Three possible reasons for difficult, almost negative relationship between Georges Florovsky and Karsavin are analysed: rivalry in work as
they both tried to obtain the position of patrology teacher at St. Sergius Theological Institute
in Paris; their different opinions on the work of Vl. Solovev and his influence on the Russian
thought, primarily on the development of the Russian religious renaissance; Karsavin’s critical
opinion on research abilities of Florovsky’s sister — Klaudia Vasilievna, a historian, the first
woman private docent of University in Novorossiysk, to whom Karsavin provided assistance
with regard to issues of medieval Italy during her overseas internship in 1909. The article also
characterizes some other contradictions in the work of two thinkers, and draws a conclusion
about the subjective, personal nature of Florovsky’s attitude to the work of Karsavin.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This publication was made possible through the support of a grant “Invisible: woman in Russian philosophy” from The National Science Centre of Poland (UMO 2017/25/B/HS1/00530).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Lev Karsavin

value: Georges Florovsky

value: Klaudia Florovskaia

value: Anthony Florovsky

value: Russian religious renaissance

value: post-revolutionary emigration

value: Russian Prague

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kabytov, Pavel P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kabytov, Pavel P. 2020. “Analysis of the content and structure of the contracting system for the procurement of goods, work, and services for state and municipal needs”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 601–624.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of the contracting system for the procurement of goods, work, and services for state and municipal needs. The author aims to
determine the content of the contracting system as a legal category and its structure. In this
context, the definitions of basic concepts in relation to the contracting system, such as a government contract, public procurement, and state needs are determined. Based on the analysis
of the Russian Federation legislation and approaches established in domestic legal doctrine
to the concept of the “contracting system”, the author reveals the substantive aspects of the
legal phenomenon under investigation. The author concludes that the current structure of
the contracting system is not optimal. The extension of the law on the contracting system to
social relations, the essence and economic as well as legal content, which do not relate to its
entity, the main principles, and objectives, has resulted in an ineffective legal impact on them.
The author suggests changing the structure of participants of a contracting system on the basis
of a specification of signs of the state (municipal) needs. It is proposed to exclude commercial organizations (the state and non-state forms of ownership) as entities which do not have
state needs from the group of participants in the contracting system. State customers include
budgetary and autonomous institutions. The author formulates proposals to amend current
legislation on the contracting system to ensure the elimination of conflicts and contradictions
in the legal regime regarding the purchases of goods, work, and services for the needs of the
country’s defense and state security.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 11; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: public order

value: public procurement

value: public needs

value: municipal needs

value: contracting system

value: defense procurement


dc.contributor.author

value: Rossinskaya, Elena R.

value: Semikalenova, Anastasiya I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rossinskaya, Elena R., Anastasiya I. Semikalenova. 2020. “Fundamental doctrine of the criminalistics study of computer tools and systems as part of the theory of information and computer support for criminalistics activities”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 745–759.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The development of digitalization constantly generates new forms of crime, changes in the
mechanisms of how they are committed, and concealment. The problem of combating such
crimes is transnational in nature. This article considers the difficulties of creating the criminalistics study of computer tools and systems doctrine as part of the theory of information
and computer support of criminalistics activities. The authors’ negative stance on the issue is
indicated as well as the addition of definitions to the name of criminalistics that are related
to the emergence of new objects of expertise: “electronic criminalistics”, “linguistic criminalistics”, “digital criminalistics”, and others. The unity of criminalistics as a science having its
own subject, system, tasks, and objects is declared. The article substantiates the subject of
the theory of criminalistics research of computer tools and systems as a system for gathering
significant computer information on the basis of the knowledge of which technical and criminalistics methods, tools, techniques, and methods for identifying, fixing, and seizing evidence
and orienting criminalistics information about computer tools are developed. In addition, the
theory is based on systems in legal proceedings in criminal, civil, and administrative cases.
The objects of this theory are computer tools and systems as well as the search and criminalistics evidence of information contained in them. Based on the doctrine of the criminalistics
investigation of computer tools and systems, the foundations of a new area of criminalistics
techniques and technology, as a system of scientific principles, are provided. This area centers around recommendations, tools, techniques, and methods designed to collect and study
information about computer tools and systems. Digital footprints and the processes of their
occurrence, transmission, and transformation in order to obtain evidence in legal proceedings, disclosure, and prevention of crimes, are included.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project No. 18-29-16003.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: computer crimes

value: criminally significant information digitalization

value: digital footprints

value: computer storage medium

value: computer information carrier

value: input/output devices

value: information transmission devices


dc.contributor.author

value: Muzafarova, Nargis S.

value: Davlatzoda, Faridjon M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Muzafarova, Nargis S., Faridjon M.Davlatzoda. 2020. “Procedural status of the prosecutor in legal proceedings to resolve public law disputes in the Republic of Tajikistan”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 705–717.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article analyses the procedural status and forms of prosecutor participation in legal proceedings in public law disputes in general jurisdiction courts and special economic jurisdiction in the Republic of Tajikistan. Problems, contradictions, and gaps are identified in the
current procedural legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan, which regulates the procedure for
resolving public law disputes. Moreover, the article highlights the new approaches of the national legislator in the Civil Procedure Code of the Republic of Tajikistan 2008, the Economic Procedure Code 2008; The Code of Administrative Procedures of the Republic of Tajikistan
2007 which regulates the legal status of a prosecutor in resolving public law disputes in civil,
economic, and administrative proceedings. In all these procedural acts in this category of
disputes, the prosecutor is defined as a person participating in the case, which implies his legal
interest in the ruling. Based on the analysis of national legislation, the article reveals that the
objectives of the prosecutor in cases arising from public law relations are to ensure the rule of
law and public interest. The authors conclude that the procedural institute of the prosecutor,
as a person participating in cases on the resolution of public law disputes, is not new. However, many issues related to the prosecutor in the Republic of Tajikistan remain unresolved.
Based on the results of the analysis conducted, the article concludes that there is a necessity
to improve legislation that manages the participation of the prosecutor in the consideration
of public law disputes.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 11; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: prosecutor

value: administrative proceedings

value: public law dispute

value: public administration

value: court

value: prosecutor’s powers

value: civil proceedings

value: economic proceedings

value: claim

value: procedural position

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Liu, Qiucen

dc.identifier.citation

value: Liu, Qiucen. 2020. “The system and development of People’s Republic of China legislation”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 666–678.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes the current stage of development of the People’s Republic of China, which
is distinguished by the specifics used by the author. Legislative activity in the PRC as a special
procedure reflecting the will of the ruling class and supporting the coercive one. The concept
of “law” today includes the activities in China of central and local authorities, individual administrative bodies for the adoption of bodies, decrees, administrative acts. According to the
PRC Constitution, the National People’s Congress (NPC) and its permanent body, the NPC
Standing Committee, are the legislative branch. Within the autonomous administrative territories of the PRC, its legislative power, determined by the Constitution of the PRC, operates.
The author turns to the history of Chinese legislation, dwelling separately on the features of
autonomous territories and special administrative systems. In the conclusion of the study,
three problems emerge from the theory and practice of the PRC legislation: clarification of
the guidelines; determination of rights and obligations in the field of legislation; unification of
the legislative process. Discussion regarding principles does not currently cross the threshold
of science, proposals for practical implementation can be implemented in the future. There
are no rights and obligations in the field of legislation, and the problem of risky confusion
arises from the two-tier system of legislative bodies and how they are delegated. Finally, the
unification of the legislative process is also important, which consists of revising old acts and
adopting new achievements of the goal of the current social and technological demands of the
state and society.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: China

value: legislative system

value: Law on legislation

value: autonomous territories

value: special administrative areas


dc.contributor.author

value: Kozhevnikov, Оleg A.

value: Chudinovskikh, Marina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kozhevnikov, Оleg A., Marina V.Chudinovskikh. 2020. “Regulation of telework in Russia and foreign countries”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 563–583.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the legislative approaches to the regulation of telework in Russia, the United
States, and the countries of the European and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The authors
systematized the main issues of the Telework Enhancement Act, the Telework Framework Agreement, and the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and countries of the EAEU. The comparison
made it possible to conclude that the norms of Russian labor law significantly lag behind European and American legislation. The regulation of telework in the Russian Federation consists
of a certain framework, without a legal resolution of many important issues. The norms of the
Labor Code of the Russian Federation are focused on procedural issues rather than on guarantees and compensation for employees. The authors investigated the level of labor guarantees for
teleworkers in Russia and also carried out a comparison of social protection, which highlighted
the reasons for the proliferation of “gray” employment schemes. The key problems of telework
regulation in Russia are the absence of the obligation of the employer to compensate the employee for the costs of equipment and communication, reduced responsibility and duties of the
employer in terms of labor protection, adherence to the work and rest regime, imperfection of
the rules governing dismissal. In order to improve the Russian legislation, the possibilities of
securing the preferential right of certain categories of individuals to enter into an agreement on
teleworking, establishing the employer’s obligation to compensate employee expenses caused by
teleworking are considered. The necessity for increasing the work on raising the level of the legal
culture of citizens on the part of educational institutions and trade unions is justified. The regulation of telework in Russia needs to be gradually improved on the basis of an analysis of Russian
law enforcement practices and foreign experience.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article is prepared with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research. Scientific project No. 18-010-00774 “The research into the impact of the female telework on the
institute of parenthood”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 11; Issue 3

value: telework

value: digital economy

value: regulation

value: benchmarking

value: law enforcement

value: right to disconnect


dc.contributor.author

value: Frolova, Marina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Frolova M.V. Indonesian Horror Story by Intan Paramaditha. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 368–379.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Analysis and interpretation of the short stories by Indonesian female writer Intan Paramaditha (Intan Paramaditha, born in 1979) make it possible to understand that her writing occupies a special niche in the modern Indonesian literary paradigm. Paramaditha’s feminist texts
are disguised as horror stories with settings in contemporary Indonesia. The article examines
five short stories (“Spinner of Darkness” (Pemintal Kegelapan), “Vampire” (Vampir), “Polaroid’s Mystery” (Misteri Polaroid), “The Blind Woman without a Toe” (Perempuan Buta tanpa
Ibu Jari), and “The Obsessive Twist” (Goyang Penasaran)). Using the intertextual method, it
was possible to prove the gothic poetics of these literary works. The short stories contain the
mosaic of folklore-mythological motives from the Malay Archipelago, Biblical and Quranic
narratives, as well as European fairy tales and allusions to American horror fiction and horror films. Her prose is built upon some borrowed European literary forms for expression of
authentic Indonesian content. The social themes are intertwined with feminist criticism that is
presented as a Kitsch of the Indonesian mass culture. In “The Obsessive Twist” the main conflict is focused on the heated debates on sexuality, politics, violence, and religion. The feminist
agenda of her prose is contrasted with the turn of contemporary Indonesia towards a Muslim
patriarchal society. Paramaditha’s works represent a unique product of West-East-synthesis
aimed not only at the Indonesian, but also the global audience.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 3

value: Intan Paramaditha

value: contemporary Indonesian literature

value: horror

value: horror stories

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Streltsova, Liliia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Streltsova L.A. The Limbu People in the Ethnosocial Structure of Nepal (1774–1968). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 452–465.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article describes some specific features of the ethnosocial status of the Limbus in Nepal.
Since the annexation by Royal Nepal, the Limbus have retained a certain degree of autonomy
which is centered around maintaining their own traditional system of land ownership. This
was the only ethnicity based type of land ownership in Nepal. The rest of the land was originally state-owned and the state put it out to lease or sold it to tenants. However, the Limbus’
autonomy gradually decreased as time passed, the amount of clan-owned lands was reduced,
and gradual integration into the Hindu society was begun. The Limbus were included into the
caste system, in which they were placed in between the upper-caste and the untouchable Parbatiya. Hindu practices supplanted traditional ones, for example, ground burial was replaced
by cremation and some rites were performed by Brahmins instead of Shamans. Gradually the
Limbus started to worship Hindu deities, make occasional offerings in the Hindu temples, and
to celebrate Nepali state holidays. The intensification of Sanskritization led to the consolidation of ethnic movements among the Limbus. In the middle of the XX century, the Limbu
alphabet was rediscovered and Limbu ethnic associations emerged. These associations tried to
increase the political influence of the Limbus and to retain their traditional culture and beliefs,
which they considered to be the core of their ethnic identity. There was also an attempt to create a new syncretistic religion on the basis of Hinduism and traditional beliefs of the Limbus.
These multidirectional processes formed the basis of the transformations occurring nowadays
among the small nations of South Asia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Nepal

value: the Limbus

value: caste system

value: traditional land ownership

value: Sanskritization


dc.contributor.author

value: Skripchenko, Nina Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Skripchenko, Nina Yu. 2020. “Consequences of failure to pay a court fine”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 639–650.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses issues that arose during enforcement of the new grounds for exemption from criminal responsibility, enshrined in 2016, in connection with a court fine (Article
76.2 of the Criminal Code). Despite the criticism of its legislative regulation, demand for a
new way of ceasing criminal prosecution began to appear in connection with the non-payment of a fine. Having determined the voluntary execution of a court fine, the legislator did
not settle the issue of the further execution of the fine in cases where there are valid reasons
for non-payment. After analyzing the existing proposals to solve this problem, the author
confirms that the elimination of the gap would be facilitated by the legislative obligation of the
bailiff to establish the circumstances by which the judicial penalty is not paid, as well as the addition of the list of decisions made by the bailiff to suspend enforcement proceeding. Analysis
of judicial practice showed that Art. 76.2 of the Criminal Code began to be applied in cases
where the court has justification for implementing less onerous grounds for the defendant to
be exempt from criminal liability. Legislative duplication of the conditions under which criminal prosecution can be terminated for various reasons calls into question the wide alternative of the latter, as well as the embodiment of the idea of humanizing criminal law, which is the
basis for securing a new ground for exemption from criminal liability. The article substantiates
the proposal to supplement the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court dated June
27, 2013 with a provision allowing the release of a person from criminal responsibility with
a judicial fine in cases where the court has no basis for suspending criminal prosecution for
unconditional types of exemption from criminal liability. The author draws attention to the
gap in the legislation, part 3 of Article 78 of the Criminal Code, which is related to the renewal
of the statute of limitations for criminal liability when an individual avoids paying a court fine.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 11; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: exemption from criminal responsibility

value: other measures of criminal law

value: court fine

value: failure to pay a court fine

value: valid reasons

value: limitation periods

value: grounds for exemption from liability

value: conditions for exemption from liability


dc.contributor.author

value: Kornev, Viktor N.

value: Zholobov, Yaroslav B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kornev, Viktor N., Yaroslav B. Zholobov. 2020. “Legal status peculiarities of court chairman in Russia and in foreign countries: Сomparative and legal analysis”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 733–744.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A comparative analysis of the legal status of the court chairman in Russia and in foreign countries is provided in the article. It is shown that the legal status of the court chairman is derived
from the content and forms of implementation of the principle of the court and judges’ independence. The basic elements of the court chairman’s legal status, such as the procedure of appointment to the post, tenure of the post, tenure age limit, as well as the special powers related
to the implementation of the leading function in the court, are disclosed. The notion that the
globalization of legal processes leads to the unification of the requirements for the acquisition
and termination procedures of the legal status not only of judges, but also of court chairman
is discussed. The article reveals general and special approaches in the legislation of different
countries to such requirements applied to the candidates for the post of court chairman, such
as knowledge of case management, organizational skills, standards for themselves and court
officials, the ability to quickly and qualitatively introduce new technologies into the work of
the court, and maintaining a high level of qualification. The possibilities to develop a unified
scientifically based approach to establishing the derivatives of the court chairman’s legal status
in order to avoid the arbitrariness of establishing legislative provisions in different countries
are revealed. The article concludes that a court chairman’s ensured independence of particular
court would significantly increase the level of public trust not only in the court, but also to the
state in general. However, this topic requires further research.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: legal status

value: judicial system

value: court

value: independence of the court

value: court chairman

value: bodies of the judicial community

value: judicial ethics

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Choe, Yong-Gi

value: Choe, Jin

dc.identifier.citation

value: Choe Yong-Gi, Choe Jin. On the Symbolic Meanings of the Words for Color in Russian and Korean Expressions and their Translation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 332–347.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Since ancient times, people have known that color affects the physiological functions and
emotions of an individual. Colors represent certain symbolic meanings in many nations and
people often use colors to exchange their thoughts and feelings. Over the course of their use,
thanks to the rich experience and creative activity of the popular masses, expressions with
the symbolic meaning of color appeared in different languages. Thus, these expressions reflect national customs, life, ideas, and the interests of a given country. Therefore, in different
national languages, expressions containing the word of the same color designation can have
different symbolic meanings. If the speaker is not well aware of these differences, it may cause
the listener to have other feelings than what the speaker intended. Expressions with color
vocabulary occupy an important place in the Korean and Russian language. Currently, there
is a noticeable interest in studying the Russian language in the Democratic People’s Republic
of Korea (DPRK), and the same applies with the Korean language in Russia. However, there
are very few scientific papers devoted to comparing color expressions in the two languages. It
is beneficial to conduct a linguocultural comparative analysis on symbolic meanings of color
vocabulary in Russian and Korean, which makes it possible discern the semantic nuances of
words for color. This article contributes to better understanding the history, culture, and traditions in both Russia and DPRK by analyzing the cultural and linguistic aspects on the expressions which reflect the conception and consciousness of different colors and their usages in
Russia and the DPRK.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: words for color

value: symbolic meaning

value: national culture

value: linguistics and culture

value: translation


dc.contributor.author

value: Hu, Yu

dc.identifier.citation

value: Hu, Yu. 2020. “International legal assistance in anti-corruption criminal cases in the People’s Republic of China”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 718–732.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Since 2014, the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese government have begun to pay
significant attention to the field of international prosecution of corrupt officials and the international search for stolen money and property. Sources of law in the area of international
legal assistance in anti-corruption cases in China include: international multilateral treaties,
bilateral agreements, domestic law, memoranda of the Communist Party of China. China has
achieved much success since 2014, and such results can be divided into 3 types: success in the
international prosecution of corrupt officials, success in the international search for stolen
money and property, and, diplomatic achievements. Unfortunately, although the legal regulation of international assistance in anti-corruption criminal cases is constantly being improved
and the results are impressive, a number of issues remain unresolved, including: giving more
attention on the international prosecution of criminals than the international search for stolen money and property; the frequency of the use of treaties in international criminal judicial
assistance and the number of signed international treaties leave much to be desired; focusing
on individual cases instead of improving the entire system for catching corrupt officials as a
whole; the lack of a mechanism for applying international multilateral or bilateral treaties; the
existence of a conflict between different sources of legal regulation in the fight against corruption.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 11; Issue 3

value: international legal assistance

value: international prosecution

value: anti-corruption cases

value: international tracing of property

value: problems of international assistance


dc.contributor.author

value: Dreyzis, Yulia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dreyzis Yu.A. Written at the Service of Oral: Topolect Literature Movement in Hong Kong. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 415– 425.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes the history of the Topolect Literature Movement (TLM), which developed in Hong Kong in the 1940s, and analyzes its typological features. TLM was one of the
most radical projects implemented to replace writing in the national standard language based
on northern dialects with writing in the local language variety (Cantonese / Yue). This variety
was a non-northern idiom that performed the function of the L-language in diglossia. TLM
authors did not try to break the connection between the written language and its oral form:
many, primarily poetic, texts were somehow intended for public performance; in other types
of texts, a close connection with the spoken language was supported by the strong presence
of a narrator. Texts were recorded using Chinese characters (a standard character with an
identical / similar reading was used to write down a topolect morpheme, or a character using
it as a phonetic element indicating reading was created). The final failure of TLM, in addition to purely political factors, can be explained by a shift in attention from the urban literate
audience to peasants. This resulted from the attitudes of the Chinese Communist Party that
functioned in a rural environment, very different from the urban one, where TLM writers who
sympathized with leftist ideas actually lived and worked. The prevalence of traditional poetic
forms reflected a bias towards the traditional culture of the rural community. The willingness
to focus on a local audience, even to the detriment of the national language unity, created
a potential conflict with the aspirations of most of the Chinese intellectual elite who were
determined to solve the problem of nation-building. Nevertheless, TLM serves as a unique example of the rapid development of writing in one of the Chinese topolects in the checkered
twentieth century.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was conducted at the Institute of Linguistics RAS through a grant from the Russian
Science Foundation (project No. 19-18-00429).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 3

value: Cantonese (Yue)

value: Chinese language

value: Chinese poetry

value: written language

value: spoken language

value: vernacular

dc.type

value: Article