dc.contributor.author

value: Melas, Vyacheslav B.

value: Shpilev, Petr V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Melas V.B., Shpilev P.V. Study of the excess property of the L-optimal design for the Laible model. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2022, vol. 9 (67), issue 3, pp. 495–505. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2022.310 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
For a rational two-dimensional nonlinear in parameters Laible model used in analytical
chemistry, the problem of constructing L-optimal designs is investigated. It is shown that
there are two types of optimal designs for this model: saturated (i. e., designs with the number of support points equal to the number of model parameters) and excess (i. e.,
designs with the number of support points greater than the number of model parameters)
and that with some homothetic transformations of the design space, locally L-optimal
designs can change the type from saturated to excess and vice versa. An analytical solution
to the problem of finding the dependence between the number of the optimal design support
points and the values of the model parameters based on the application of a functional
approach is proposed. The L-efficiency of D-optimal designs is investigated.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 20-01-00096-a).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 9 (67); Issue 3

dc.subject

value: L-optimal designs

value: L-efficiency

value: optimal designs for estimating the individual coefficients

value: rational regression models

value: Laible model


dc.contributor.author

value: Bibikov, Yuri N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bibikov Yu.N. On the stability of the zero solution of a periodic reversible secondorder differential equation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2022, vol. 9 (67), issue 3, pp. 474–479. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2022.308 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The problem of the stability of the zero solution of the second-order differential equation
describing the periodic perturbations of an oscillator with a nonlinear reducing force is
studied. The problem in the autonomous case was solved by A.M. Lyapunov. The so called
transcendental case when all members of the decomposition of the right part of the differential
equation into series are to be taken into account, is considered. This case takes place
for reversible differential equations, i. e. equations that do not change when time is replaced by the opposite value. The problem is solved by the methods of the KAM theory, according
to which in any neighborhood of the equilibrium position at the origin of the phase
plane there are periodic invariant two-dimensional tori that separate the three-dimensional
configuration space. These tori are considered as two-dimensional periodic invariant surfaces
covering the time axis from where the stability (non-asymptotic) of the zero solution
followed. The problem to be solved is characterized by the fact that the unperturbed part
of the equation contains a dissipative term (a term dependent on velocity) which has the
same order of smallness as the restoring force. It is established that if a dissipative part
of the perturbation is small enough then the unperturbed movement is stable according to
Lyapunov.

dc.subject

value: second-order differential equations

value: periodic perturbations

value: oscillator

value: reversibility

value: transcendence

value: stability

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Ananjevskii, Sergey M.

value: Chen, Alexander P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ananjevskii S.M., Chen A.P. Generalization of the selfish parking problem. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2022, vol. 9 (67), issue 3, pp. 464–473. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2022.307 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The work is devoted to the study of a new model of random filling of a segment of large
length with intervals of smaller length. Two new formulations of the problem are considered.
In the first case, a model is considered in which unit intervals are placed on the segment
in such a way that with each next placement of the interval next to the left or right, there
should be a free space of length not less than a pre-fixed value. The second model is such
that intervals of length 2 are randomly placed and no two intervals should be adjacent.
In both cases, the behavior of the average number of located intervals depending on the
length of the filled segment is investigated.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: random filling

value: parking problem

value: asymptotic behavior


dc.contributor.author

value: Novikova, Irina N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Novikova I. N. Small states in international relations: Some theoretical aspects. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 219–242. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.301 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
One of the important trends in the development of international relations in the second half
of the 20th — early 21st centuries is the growing importance of small states in international relations. From passive “pawns” in the big political games of the great powers, they are turning
into active players capable of pursuing their own national interests in the international
arena. During the Cold War period, European neutral states acquired an unique experience
of fruitful cooperation in international organizations, peaceful mediation and peacemaking.
Multilateral diplomacy, renunciation of the use of force, striving for a peaceful political resolution
of conflicts predetermine, to a certain extent, interest in studying the experience of small
countries. The decline in the ability of the leading great powers to resolve conflicts effectively
on the periphery of the international system, on the other hand, the capability of small countries
to generate new ideas and norms in international relations create preconditions for a
further increase in the role of small countries in international relations. It is necessary to study
not only the great powers, but also the small countries that make up the vast majority of states,
if we want to understand the nature of international relations in general, the formation and behavior
of modern coalitions and alliances in particular. This article aims to identify the main
stages of the study of small states in international relations, to analyze the main approaches to
the definition of the concept of “small state”, to consider the factors of formation of the foreign
policy of small states through the prism of some theories of international relations, to find out
the features of the foreign policy behavior of small countries in international relations.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 15; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: small states

value: realism

value: neo-realism

value: liberal neo-institutionalism

value: social constructivism


dc.contributor.author

value: Bogoliubova, Natalia M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bogoliubova N. M. Cultural relations of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Austria at the beginning of the 21st century. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 290–310. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.305 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The present study is devoted to the analysis of the Russian-Austrian cultural relations in the
beginning of the 21st century. In the article an attempt to identify and assess current trends and forms of cultural dialogue between Russia and Austria, the factors which influence bilateral
cooperation, as well as to assess the prospects of cultural relations has been made on the
basis of extensive source materials and research literature. Modern cultural relations between
the two countries reflect the general trends and peculiarities of modern bilateral interaction,
are characterized by diversity and depth. Bilateral cultural exchange involves not only capitals,
major cities, but also the regions. Cultural cooperation between the Russian Federation and
the Republic of Austria today is based on a solid legal framework, which is replenished with
new documents on both the current programs of cultural exchange and strategic issues. A relevant
trend of the modern cultural cooperation is institutionalization. This feature is reflected
in the modern dialogue between Russia and Austria. Cultural centers, public and state organizations
are successful actors of bilateral cooperation, they bring together a wide audience of
participants and contribute to the development of cultural contacts on an ongoing basis. Particular
attention in the article is paid to a new format of bilateral cultural cooperation between
Russia and Austria — the cross-years of cultures, which have become traditional large-scale
events of bilateral exchange. This format contributes to the regionalization of interaction and
has an impact on economic, political dialogue and investment policy. The conclusions of the
study allow identifying the potential of bilateral cooperation between the Russian Federation
and the Republic of Austria and forecasting the possible prospects of the cultural dialogue.
The chronological framework of this article is the beginning of the 21st to 2020.

dc.subject

value: Republic of Austria

value: Russian Federation

value: cultural relations

value: current trends and forms

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lanko, Dmitry A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lanko D. A. Modelling negotiations on the Nordic Economic Area: Uncertainty and absolute gains as factors of international solidarity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 243–261. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.302

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article revisits the negotiations on NORDEK, a Nordic Economic Area, held by Denmark,
Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden in 1968–1970. Finland, which initially took active part
in the negotiations, later reversed its position under pressure from the Soviet Union as well
as for other reasons. Four remaining Nordic countries refused to pursue a Nordic Economic
Area without Finland for multiple reasons, of which one was solidarity with Finland. This article
presents multiple game models, of which some reflect the actual outcome of the NORDEK
negotiations, i. e., their failure, while others reflect hypothetical outcomes of the negotiations,
such as emergence of a NORDEK of four without Finland. Those models allow concluding on
the main factors causing Nordic solidarity, for which the NORDEK negotiations were a testing
ground, and which had been the defining feature of regional politics in the European North
during fifty years following the failure of the negotiations. First, domestic uncertainty about
the issue debated by multiple nations contributes to greater solidarity among those nations.
Second, majority’s focus on their absolute gains during international negotiations contributes
to greater solidarity among negotiating nations. Third, relative equality among negotiating
nations does not have any influence on solidarity among them. The latter conclusion supports
the theoretical assumption that that organic solidarity (solidarity among different) is as possible
as is mechanical solidarity (solidarity of similar).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: NORDEK

value: Denmark

value: Finland

value: Iceland

value: Norway

value: Sweden

value: solidarity

value: uncertainty

value: relative gains

value: economic power


dc.contributor.author

value: Tkachenko, Roman V.

value: Korchagin, Vladimir I.

value: Jmailov, Boris B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tkachenko R.V., Korchagin V. I., Jmailov B.B. Gravitational instability of gasdust circumnuclear disks in nearby galaxies. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2022, vol. 9 (67), issue 3, pp. 561–571. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2022.316 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Using the two-dimensional multi-component hydrodynamical simulations, we study the effect
of dust on the development of instability in the gas-dust mini-disks observed in the
central regions of galaxies. The dust is coupled with the gas gravitationally and by means
of a friction force depending on the velocity difference between the two components. The
presence of dust leads to the instability of a mini-disk and the development of a spiral
structure observed in the gas-dust mini-disks. The spiral structure is multi-armed, which
is caused by a dominance of the high order Fourier harmonics in the unstable modes. The
instability of gas-dust circumnuclear disks is an important mechanism for explaining the
activity of galactic nuclei associated with the accretion of matter onto a central black hole.
We find that the admixture of dust with a dust-to-gas ratio of 10–20% significantly destabilizes
the gas-dust disk.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 9 (67); Issue 3

value: circumnuclear disks

value: numerical simulations

value: computational hydrodynamics

value: galactic centres


dc.contributor.author

value: Koloskov, Evgenii A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Koloskov E. A. “The Sun is also a star”: The foreign policy issue in the Republic North Macedonia EU-integration. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 275–289. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.304 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the foreign policy aspect of the EU-integration of the Republic of
North Macedonia. The main attention of the article is paid not only to the interaction of official
Skopje and Brussels, but also to the problems of the regional dimension of integration processes.
Three main regional challenges for Macedonia are considered: the Macedonian name
dispute, the Political views on the Macedonian language and the Albanian issue. The last one
is not only about the rights and claims of the Albanian community of the country, but also It
is the issue which seriously affecting Macedonia bilateral relations with neighboring Albania,
the so-called “Republic of Kosovo”, Serbia and Montenegro. In the course of the study, the
main contradictions of the parties were analyzed, the stages of the integration process of Macedonia
in relation to NATO and the EU were highlighted, and a forecast was made regarding
the prospects of the Skopje state to leave the top ten applicants and become a full member
of the EU. Based on the results of the study, we came to the conclusion that in the future it is
equally likely that both the successful resolution of existing conflicts in the case of a new focus
of Brussels on the problems of the Western Balkans, and the freezing of existing contradictions
and, even, under certain circumstances, the resumption of seemingly subsided memory
wars, as this happened with the Political views on the Macedonian language in Macedonian-
Bulgarian relations.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 15; Issue 3

value: North Macedonia

value: EU

value: Albania

value: Bulgaria

value: Greece

value: integration

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Hang, Yuan

dc.identifier.citation

value: Hang Y. The EU Indo-Pacific Strategy and the China-Russia relations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 311–329. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.306

dc.description.abstract

value:
The China-Russia relations are facing a changing external environment, including the Indo-
Pacific. This article focuses on the EU Indo-Pacific Strategy, which is a new and little-researched
theme. It aims to address a central question: what the implications of the EU Indo-Pacific
Strategy on the China-Russia relations are. It focuses on the discourse of the EU’s supranational
authorities. The qualitative content analysis of that discourse unveils that the nature of
this strategy is to enhance the legitimacy and uniqueness of the EU as a global player. It argues
that this strategy has important implications for both China and Russia in direct or indirect
ways. One main assumption is that the EU’s impact will be more concentrated in low politics
than high politics. This article develops two hypotheses. One is that the EU Indo-Pacific Strategy
will enhance the West as external pressure to China and Russia in the region, especially on
low political issues. The other is that increasing external pressure from the EU and the West
in this region highlights the necessity of cooperation between China and Russia. It concludes
that while the implications for China and Russia are different respectively, the EU’s ambition
as an exogenous factor will compel China and Russia to uplift their bilateral ties.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: European Union

value: Indo-Pacific Strategy

value: China-Russia relations


dc.contributor.author

value: Bezerra, Valdir

value: Bueno, Elena

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bezerra V., Buena E. Elements of Critical Theory in BRICS: An evaluation of BRICS’ critique of global affairs. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 330–345. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.307

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the 1980s, Robert W. Cox (considered the “father of Critical Theory” in IR) envisioned that
a counter-hegemonic movement could arise in the future from the multilateral alliance of less
privileged States, which could resist the dominance of the central powers of the system. Almost
three decades later, the 2008 Financial Crisis, the decline of the US hegemony (propelled
by its unilateralist actions) and the rise of emerging economies all over the world resulted in
a scenario of transformation and redistribution of power in international relations. In that
context, a reformist movement driven by developing countries (some of them located geographically
distant from one another), especially by the BRICS nations, voiced new demands
for democratization of global governance at the international level, contesting the US and
Western hegemony in world affairs and the underrepresentation of less-privileged States in
important multilateral organizations. From the analysis of the conceptual framing of Critical
Theory to the context behind the inception of BRICS and its positions in international relations,
this article aims to explore the elements that could possibly connect the group to the
interpretations undertaken by Critical Theorists, showing that the group does hold certain
positions that can allow such an association.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: BRICS

value: multilateralism

value: Critical Theory

value: Western Hegemony

value: emerging economies


dc.contributor.author

value: Zonzini, Lino

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zonzini L. The “special situation” of the external relations of the Republic of San Marino in recent times. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 262–274. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.303

dc.description.abstract

value:
Starting from Declaration no. 3 on Article 8 of the Treaty on European Union, addressed to
small-sized European States, this essay intends to investigate, from a historical point of view,
the “special situation” of the external relations of the Republic of San Marino. For geographical
reasons, these events are combined with San Marino’s particular situation of being an enclave
in the Italian territory, from which specific and ever-changing relations with Italy derive.
Geography has always marked the Republic’s external relations. In the light of the historical
period of reference and the interlocutors with whom the Republic came into contact, this essay
seeks to demonstrate the conditions imposed by geography, but also the opportunities that
enabled it to “go beyond” such geography, contrary to what imposed by its physical characteristics.
Drawing mainly from San Marino historiographic sources, and thanks to the results of
archive research carried out, the historical reconstruction aims at reconstructing the main bilateral
events between San Marino and Italy during the long period before Italian Unification.
Subsequently, the most significant events and specificities of the equally long period of the
Italian State’s building are highlighted, including the events of the Italian Risorgimento and
the most important facts of the early years of the Italian Republic. Finally, when dealing with
the start of the European integration process, some specific initiatives taken by the Republic of
San Marino to investigate particular aspects of Declaration no. 3 are addressed.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 15; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: geography

value: history

value: San Marino

value: Italy

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Revyakov, Mikhail I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Revyakov M. I. Probability of hitting a random vector in a polyhedral cone: Majorization aspect. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2022, vol. 9 (67), issue 3, pp. 506–516. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2022.311 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents conditions under which the probability of a linear combination of
random vectors falling into a polyhedral cone is a Schur-concave function of the coefficients
of the combination. It is required that the cone contains the point 0, its edges are parallel
to the coordinate axes, and the distribution density of vectors is a logarithmically concave
sign-invariant function.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 9 (67); Issue 3

dc.subject

value: rectangular cone

value: sign-invariant density

value: logarithmic concavity

value: G-majorization

value: preorder within majorization


dc.contributor.author

value: Touail, Youssef

value: Jaid, Amine

value: El Moutawakil, Driss

dc.identifier.citation

value: Touail Y., Jaid A., El Moutawakil D. Fixed point results for condensing operators via measure of non-compactness. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2022, vol. 9 (67), issue 3, pp. 542–549. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2022.314 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this paper, we prove some fixed point theorems for condensing operators in the setting
of Banach spaces via measure of non-compactness, without using regularity. Our results
improve and generalize many known results in the literature.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: fixed point

value: measure of non-compactness

value: regularity


dc.contributor.author

value: Payushina, Olga

value: Tsomartova, Dibakhan

value: Chereshneva, Yelizaveta

value: Ivanova, Marina

value: Pashina, Nataliya

value: Tsomartova, Elina

value: Kuznetsov, Sergey

dc.identifier.citation

value: Payushina, O., Tsomartova, D., Chereshneva, Y., Ivanova, M., Pashina, N., Tsomartova, E., and Kuznetsov, S. 2022. New perspectives on treatment of gastrointestinal diseases: therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells. Bio. Comm. 67(3): 217–230. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.307

dc.description.abstract

value:
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising resource for cell therapy of
different organs and systems, including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Therapeutic
effect of MSC transplantation in GIT diseases may be partly due to their
differentiation into various cellular components of the digestive tube. However,
more significant is regulatory influence of MSCs on survival, proliferation, and
differentiation of the gastric and intestinal epithelial cells, as well as their immunomodulatory,
pro-angiogenic and antifibrotic effects. Data from experiments
on animals and clinical trials indicate prospect of using MSCs in various
diseases affecting any parts of GIT. However, effective and safe clinical use of
MSCs requires an in-depth study of the mechanisms of their therapeutic effect,
the development of optimal methods of administration, and risk assessment
of adverse effects. This review analyzes MSC participation in regeneration of
GIT and systematizes data on the potential of using MSCs in the treatment of
gastroenterological diseases.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 3

value: mesenchymal stromal cells

value: gastrointestinal tract

value: esophagus

value: stomach

value: intestines

value: regenerative medicine

value: cell therapy

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Namyatova, Anna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Namyatova, A. 2022. Preferable and limiting conditions of trans-Palearctic Orthocephalus species (Heteroptera: Miridae). Bio. Comm. 67(3): 180–202. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.305

dc.description.abstract

value:
The environmental conditions limiting the distribution of trans-Palearctic species
from various groups remain poorly studied. This work addresses the topic
from three perspectives: (1) analysis of climatic variables, biomes and climate
zones corresponding to the actual records; (2) assessment of environmental
niches and contribution of biomes to those niches; (3) comparison of the distributional
limits of trans-Palearctic and more local species. The genus Orthocephalus
(Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae) is used as a model taxon. The results
have demonstrated that all trans-Palearctic species of this genus are known
from numerous biomes and climate zones, but each of them has unique preferences.
Biomes significantly contribute to the environmental niches of some
of those species. None of the trans-Palearctic species were recorded from the
hot steppe and desert climate zones, which occupy large areas in the Palearctic,
although certain rare and local species inhabit those regions. This means that
the trans-Palearctic species cannot easily adapt to those conditions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the
Russian Science Foundation grant (No. 19-
74-00077). The Heteroptera collection and
facilities used in this study are financially
supported by the Ministry of Science and
Higher Education state research projects
АААА-А19-119020690101-6 and No. 0665-
2019-0014.

dc.subject

value: distribution

value: climatic variables

value: climate zones

value: biomes

value: plant bugs

value: insects

value: environmental niche modelling


dc.contributor.author

value: Mikheev, Pavel

value: Matthaei, Christoph

value: Ingram, Travis

value: Jarvis, Matt

value: Closs, Gerard

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mikheev, P., Matthaei, C., Ingram, T., Jarvis, M., and Closs, G. 2022. Is recruitment of brown trout in a New Zealand river driven by parental spawning investment, density dependence, or environmental factors? Bio. Comm. 67(3): 203–216. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.306

dc.description.abstract

value:
This study addresses the primary factors driving young-of-the-year (YoY) brown
trout Salmo trutta abundance and population dynamics through the Austral
summer in an important spawning tributary of a large New Zealand river. We
measured the key traits and spawning investment of spawners; YoY density and
movement; and environmental characteristics important for juvenile trout. In
comparison to their native European range, we found high rates of pre-spawning
mortality, low density of deposited eggs and reduced spawning efficiency of
adult brown trout. Parental spawning investment did not affect spring juvenile
trout distribution, a result likely related to a mismatch between YoY abundance
and densities of eggs deposited by adults at the sampled locations. Spatial differences
in seasonal dynamics of YoY density were likely related to the diversity
of environmental conditions affecting habitat suitability for post-larval brown
trout along the stream. Significant correlations between juvenile trout loss rate
and both YoY density and downstream migration were observed only for the
lowland stream segments, which had the highest spawning investment from diadromous
adults, indicating the importance of these locations for recruitment.
This study highlights knowledge gaps in species-environment interactions and
the reproductive ecology of brown trout in New Zealand.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This study was funded by a
University of Otago Doctoral Scholarship
awarded to Pavel Mikheev.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Salmo trutta

value: life histories reproduction

value: recruitment

value: density-dependence

value: spawning mortality

dc.title

size: 1 MB


dc.contributor.author

value: Karlov, Denis

value: Sazanova, Anna

value: Guro, Polina

value: Kuznetsova, Irina

value: Verkhozina, Alla

value: Belimov, Andrey

value: Safronova, Vera

dc.identifier.citation

value: Karlov, D., Sazanova, A., Guro, P., Kuznetsova, I., Verkhozina, A., Belimov, A., and Safronova, V. 2022. Genetic diversity of rhizobial strains isolated from the relict legumes Gueldenstaedtia monophylla and G. verna growing in the republics of Altai and Buryatia (Russia). Bio. Comm. 67(3): 141–151. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.301

dc.description.abstract

value:
For the first time, bacteria were isolated and identified from the root nodules
of relict legumes Gueldenstaedtia monophylla Fisch. and G. verna (Georgi) Boriss.
growing in the republics of Altai and Buryatia. The taxonomic position of the
29 obtained isolates was determined by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene (rrs).
Showing a significant biodiversity, the isolates from G. monophylla and G. verna
belonged to five genera of the order Rhizobiales: Mesorhizobium and Phyllobacterium
(family Phyllobacteriaceae), Rhizobium (family Rhizobiaceae), Bosea (family
Boseaceae), Bradyrhizobium (family Bradyrhizobiaceae). Three isolates which belonged
to the species Bradyrhizobium valentinum and Rhizobium alamii showed
100 % of rrs-similarity with the type strains B. valentinum LmjM3T and R. alamii
GBV016T, respectively. Six isolates of the genera Bosea and Rhizobium had a
low level of rrs-similarity with the closest type strains (less than 99.5 %), which
indicates that they may be assigned to new species. The data obtained can be
used to itemise taxonomy within the order Rhizobiales, as well as to reveal the
mechanisms of the formation of specific plant-microbial relationships during
the evolution of symbiosis by studying the intermediate link between the extinct
and modern rhizobia-legume symbiotic systems.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was performed with
Russian Science Foundation support
(Grant No. 20-76-10042 for microbiology
and sterile test-tube experiments; Grant
No. 21-16-00084 for molecular and bioinformatics
work). The long-term storage
of strains was supported by the Ministry of
Science and Higher Education of the Russian
Federation in accordance with agreement
No. 075-15-2021-1055 on providing a grant
in the form of subsidies from the Federal
budget of Russian Federation. The research
was performed using equipment of the
Core Centrum “Genomic Technologies,
Proteomics and Cell Biology” at the ARRIAM.

dc.subject

value: relict legume plants

value: genus Gueldenstaedtia

value: root nodule bacteria

value: 16S rRNA genes

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Leonova, Tatiana

value: Shumilina, Julia

value: Kim, Ahyoung

value: Frolova, Nadezhda

value: Wessjohann, Ludger

value: Bilova, Tatiana

value: Frolov, Andrej

dc.identifier.citation

value: Leonova, T., Shumilina, J., Kim, A., Frolova, N., Wessjohann, L., Bilova, T., and Frolov, A. 2022. Agar-based polyethylene glycol (PEG) infusion model for pea (Pisum sativum L.) — perspectives of translation to legume crop plants. Bio. Comm. 67(3): 236–244. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.309

dc.description.abstract

value:
Due to the oncoming climate changes water deficit represents one of the
most important abiotic stressors which dramatically affects crop productivity
worldwide. Because of their importance as the principal source of food protein,
legumes attract a special interest of plant scientists. Moreover, legumes
are involved in symbiotic association with rhizobial bacteria, which is morphologically
localized to root nodules. These structures are critical for fixation of
atmospheric nitrogen and highly sensitive to drought. Therefore, new droughttolerant
legume cultivars need to be developed to meet the growing food demand.
However, this requires a comprehensive knowledge of the molecular
mechanisms behind the plant stress response. To access these mechanisms,
adequate and reliable drought stress models need to be established. The agarbased
polyethylene glycol (PEG) infusion model allows a physiologically relevant
reduction of soil water potential (Ψw), although it is restricted to seedlings and
does not give access to proteomics and metabolomics studies. Earlier, we successfully
overcame this limitation and optimized this model for mature Arabidopsis
plants. Here we make the next step forward and address its application
to one of the major crop legumes — pea. Using a broad panel of physiological
and biochemical markers, we comprehensively prove the applicability of this
setup to legumes. The patterns of drought-related physiological changes are
well-interpretable and generally resemble the stress response of plants grown
in soil-based stop-watering models. Thus, the proposed model can be efficiently
used in the study of stress-related metabolic adjustment in green parts, roots
and root nodules of juvenile and flowering plants.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was supported by the
Russian Foundation of Basic Research
(projects No. 20-34-90160 and No. 19-316-
51014).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: agar-based PEG infusion model

value: biochemical stress markers

value: drought

value: osmotic stress

value: oxidative stress

value: physiological stress markers

value: polyethylene glycol (PEG)


dc.contributor.author

value: Pashchenko, Dmitriy

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pashchenko, D. 2022. The crocodilian forearm and wrist: biomechanics and functional morphology. Bio. Comm. 67(3): 168–179. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.304

dc.description.abstract

value:
An attempt has been made to explain the features of the wrist structure of
crocodiles, which sharply distinguish them from other reptiles. Biomechanical
model of a crocodilian forearm and manus is created with using of the vector
contours method from the theory of mechanisms and machines. The key role
of the V finger in the manus stability during the stance phase is shown. On the
basis of this data, it is concluded that there is no bipedal stage in evolutionary
history of crocodiles and their high specialization for quadrupedal parasagittal
running with the emergence of a gallop as a result. The special way of parasagittal
forelimb posture of the crocodiles offered to name instant parasagittality.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by
the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,
project No. 20-04-00070.

dc.subject

value: crocodiles

value: forelimb

value: wrist

value: biomechanics

value: high walk

value: parasagittalization

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Aimaletdinov, Alexander

value: Abyzova, Maria

value: Kurilov, Igor

value: Yuferova, Alina

value: Rutland, Catrin

value: Rizvanov, Albert

value: Zakirova, Elena

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aimaletdinov, A., Abyzova, M., Kurilov, I., Yuferova, A., Rutland, C., Rizvanov, A., and Zakirova, E. 2022. Isolation, culturing and 3D bioprinting of equine myoblasts. Bio. Comm. 67(3): 152–159. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.302

dc.description.abstract

value:
Isolating and culturing myoblasts is essential for techniques such as tissue regeneration
and in vitro meat production. This research describes a protocol to
isolate primary myoblasts from skeletal muscle of an adult horse. The equine
primary myoblasts expressed markers specific to myoblasts and had multipotent
potential capabilities with differentiation into chondrocytes, adipocytes
and osteoblasts in vitro. The horse myoblasts did not adhere to Cytodex 3 and
grew poorly on CultiSpher-S microcarriers during in vitro cultivation. Our studies
showed that the use of GelMa bioink and ionic cross-linking did not have
negative effects on cell proliferation at the beginning of cultivation. However,
cells showed reduced proliferative activity by day 40 following in vitro culturing.
The population of primary equine myoblasts obtained from an adult individual,
and propagated on microcarriers and bioink, did not meet the requirements
of the regenerative veterinary and manufacturing meat in vitro regarding the
quantity and quality of the cells required. Nonetheless, further optimization of
the cell scaling up process, including both microcarriers and/or the bioreactor
program and bioprinting, is still important.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This paper was supported
by the Kazan Federal University
Strategic Academic Leadership Program
(PRIORITY-2030).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: myoblasts

value: bioprinting

value: microcarriers


dc.contributor.author

value: Khadem, Azadeh

value: Bagheri, Abdolreza

value: Moshtaghi, Nasrin

value: Keykha Akhar, Fatemeh

value: Sharifi, Ahmad

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khadem, A., Bagheri, A., Moshtaghi, N., Keykha Akhar, F., and Sharifi, A. 2022. Auxin sensitivity improves production of rosmarinic acid in transformed hairy roots of Lavandula angustifolia. Bio. Comm. 67(3): 160–167. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.303

dc.description.abstract

value:
Hairy root culture is a promising approach to improve production of plant secondary
metabolites. The genes, which are located in T-DNA of a root-inducing
plasmid, regulate auxin sensitivity of hairy roots. Therefore, this study was
aimed to improve the growth and rosmarinic acid production of Lavandula angustifolia
hairy roots. Lateral branches of hairy roots were transferred to ½ MS
and ½ B5 liquid media. To assess auxin sensitivity, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)
and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) with four different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5 and
1 mg/l) were also applied. The growth of hairy roots in ½ MS medium was twofold
higher than in ½ B5 medium. In addition, both auxins were found to significantly
improve the growth of hairy roots whereas non-transformed roots
stopped growing in the presence of the auxins. The highest dry weight and
rosmarinic acid production of hairy roots were obtained from ½ MS medium
supplemented with IBA irrespective of its concentration. As a result, the hairy
roots grown in ½ MS medium supplemented with IBA produced the maximum
amount of rosmarinic acid (7.98 mg/g dry weight of hairy roots). This first report
of rosmarinic acid production in L. angustifolia hairy roots provides new insights
into the auxin sensitivity of L. angustifolia hairy roots.

value: auxin

value: basal media

value: hairy roots

value: rosmarinic acid

value: TL-DNA

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Zainullina, Bozhana

value: Babkina, Irina

value: Lobov, Arseniy

value: Tembotov, Rustam

value: Abakumov, Evgeny

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zainullina, B., Babkina, I., Lobov, A., Tembotov, R., and Abakumov, E. 2022. Metaproteomic comparison of cryoconite communities from Caucasian and Novaya Zemlya glaciers. Bio. Comm. 67(3): 231–235. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.308

dc.description.abstract

value:
Small cylindrical holes (cryoconites) appear in the early stages of glacier melt.
While the microbiome of cryoconite is well described, differences in community
compositions between various glaciers, especially between more or less
polluted ones, still have not been fully understood. Here we performed the
comparison of the cryoconite communities from the less polluted Caucasian
(Kabardino-Balkaria) glaciers and from highly polluted glaciers in Novaya Zemlya
by the shotgun metaproteomics approach which had not been used for
cryoconite microbiome analysis previously. Metaproteomics has a whole range
of limitations, but it is of great interest because it gains information about the
functional state of communities. We identified 475 protein groups, a third of
which were found in both glaciers. Proteins from Cyanobacteria dominated in
both sites, but we found a slight shift to heterotrophic bacteria in the Caucasus.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was supported by the
Russian Foundation for Basic Research,
project No. 19-05-50107.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: cryoconite

value: metaproteomics

value: glacial

value: anthropogenic pollution

value: TimsToF Pro


dc.contributor.author

value: Aleinikov, Andrei V.

value: Sunami, Artem N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aleinikov A. V., Sunami A. N. Risk-reflections design factors: Conflict lines of cleavages. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 382– 396. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.310 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the problem of risk reflections design based on the interpretation of risks
and threats as a way of social order legitimization. Authors analyze the “cleavage” nature (in
the terminology of Lipset — Rokkan approach) of the consequences of these designing. Using
Paul Slovic “psychometric paradigm”, theory of “sociocultural viability” by Aaron Wildavsky
and Karl Dake, Paul Schoemaker expected utility model, prospect theory by Amos Tversky
and Daniel Kahneman, Vincent Covello “mental noise” approach and Mary Douglas works
on main risk cultural types, the authors suggest that, despite their heuristic capacity all these approaches, modeling of probable risk reflections is impossible without examination of the
current political agenda, formal and informal practices of interpreting dangers and threats
in public political discourse, as well as political goal-setting and elites intentions. These elements
can weaken/strengthen, shift/replace risk reflections, which is critical for identifying
key social polarizations (“cleavages”) between “risk beneficiaries” and “risk outsiders”. In this
context, the article focuses to “administrative” failures in political risk management, the victim
of which is often the whole society, but not just those who were originally nominated as
consumers of risk. On the basis of the identified structural, actor-oriented and institutional
factors of risk decision-making and the strategies for programming risk reflections by dominant
risk producers, the authors conclude that errors in the design of risk reflections generate
risk-anomie in the most vulnerable groups of the population.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reserarch was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 19-18-00115 “Risk-reflections
in modern Russian conflict management strategies”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: risk

value: risk reflection

value: risk theories

value: conflict

value: cleavage

value: political risk-management

value: risk-anomie

value: risk-solidarity

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsov, Nikita V.

value: Sokolov, Alexey M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuznetsov N. V., Sokolov A. M. “Common cause” as a principle of national science in Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 280–292. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.301 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article raises the problem of the possibility of updating the foundations of scientific
knowledge. The authors proceed from the generally accepted thesis about the “crisis of European
sciences”. Analyzing some cultural and historical features of the formation of classical
science, the authors note its connection with the specifics of Western religiosity, from which
science eventually freed itself. Further, referring to the formulation of the problem by E. Husserl,
the authors substantiate the position according to which Russian philosophy, criticizing
the Western type of rationality, put forward principles of the organization of science that differ from European ones. The originality of the Russian interpretation of science and scholarship
is expressed in the synetic unity of the principles of Truth, Goodness and Beauty. The authors
pay special attention to the philosophical views of N. F. Fedorov, which, on the one hand, paradoxically
combine the scientific and religious ideas of the thinker, and, on the other, most fully
reveal the format of the unity of cognitive, moral and aesthetic ideas. The authors consistently
reconstruct N. F.’s teaching. Fedorova, showing that the “philosophy of the common cause”, in
addition to radical criticism of the methodological principles and targets of the bourgeois system
of knowledge, contain conceptual innovations that expand cognitive and heuristic possibilities.
The generally recognized principles of rational egocentrism, formal criticism and
pragmatic utilitarianism can be reformatted into conciliar unity and transformative pragmatism,
respectively. The conclusion of the article is devoted to the actual implementation of the
Fedorov principles in the process of the formation of scientific knowledge and its practical
application in Russia. The authors emphasize that during the Soviet period of Russian history,
the principles of science put forward by N. F. Fedorov began to be embodied in real life. Soviet
cosmonautics became the brightest personification of science as a common cause.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 22-28-00779 “Sovereignty and
sovereignty: logic and antinomies of global civilization”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: foundations of science

value: national science

value: apodictic knowledge

value: rationalism

value: pragmatism

value: individualism

value: conciliarity

value: V. S. Solovyov

value: N. F. Fedorov

value: philosophy of common cause

value: patronization

value: space program


title: Human in the ideology of globalism

dc.contributor.author

value: Tolegen, Mukhtar A.

value: Ryakova, Yelena G.

value: Savchuk, Yelena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tolegen M. A., Ryakova Ye. G., Savchuk Y. V. Human in the ideology of globalism. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 423–435. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.313 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this article the authors reveals the peculiarities of human understanding and vision for the
future of mankind in the ideology of globalism took shape and gained considerable influence on the minds of the people in the second half of the 20th century — early 21st century.
Platforms and specialized institutes are organized to develop ideas and mechanisms for their
implementation by transnational business elites and representatives of other social groups
adjacent to them. Their worldview, formed in the context of a society of alienation, inevitably
becomes part of the ideology. Turning to the analysis of the ideology of globalism from the
point of view of the relationship to human and the humanity seems promising for an adequate
understanding of the essence of globalism and its role in the formation of modern public
consciousness, as well as the contours of the future society. Considering globalism as a sociocultural
phenomenon, the authors identify the foundations for the formation of the globalist
worldview and its ideological sources that lie in the liberal intellectual tradition. The key intellectual
moves in the rhetoric of globalists are an appeal to economism, humanism, and the
need to correct the world order in the spirit of liberal values. The authors of the article identify
key milestones in the formation of the globalist worldview associated with socio-cultural
transformations and changes in the configuration of the world socio-political structure, which
are reflected in ideological constructions and scientific research. In the course of understanding
texts and programs written in the spirit of globalism, the analysis of ideologies and terms,
the system of arguments familiar to globalists, is carried out through the prism of understanding
the role and place assigned by them to a human.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was funded by the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the
Republic of Kazakhstan grant no. BR10965263 “Social modernization of Kazakhstan society: ideological
and worldview foundations, conceptual models, socio-cultural processes, socio-political technologies”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 3

value: human

value: ideology

value: globalism

value: globalization

value: public consciousness

value: postliberalism

value: economism

value: world order

value: humanism

dc.title

value: Human in the ideology of globalism

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Nikonenko, Sergei V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nikonenko S. V. Philosophy of literature and the methodology of studying of poetic texts: In honor of the 80th anniversary of professor V. S. Nikonenko. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 410–422. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.312 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the anniversary of an eminent historian of Russian philosophy
V. S. Nikonenko (1942–2013), who is the author of well-known works, a member of St Petersburg
State University. The author of the article presents the theory of analysis of philosophical
content of poetic texts, created in late Nikonenko’s works. Studying Pushkin’s and Zhukovsky’s
poetry, Nikonenko asserts that Russian literature reached the new stage of self-consciousness
in the beginning of the 19th century. It was not only a literature, but it has become a worldviewing
paradigm of Russian thought. A poet thinks not in metaphysical, but in concrete
image form. A poetical image is not a concept. It is a symbol expressed in verbal eidetic pattern.
Pushkin is a propagandist of the general moral, political and metaphysical ideas presenting
in symbolical poetical images. However, it is very difficult to rationalize poetic images at
all. Pushkin’s typical heroes are ideal patterns and eidetic images of contemporary men. The
specificity of poetic image is the possibility to interpret it in many conceptual dimensions.
A poetic image is unknown in rational form: it is understood irrationally. Nikonenko holds
the romantic theory of the impossibility of recognizing the essence of poetic image by poets
and literal heroes. Pushkin expresses his ideal content in specific symbolic form of the prophecy.
He uses verbal poetic symbols which could be analyzed only in a week sense because they
are metaphors and not concepts. So poetic truths are not the logical ones. They are sentences
having only apparent logical proofs. Shortly speaking, poetic sentences may be certain, but
they are not true ones. To sum up, Nikonenko works hermeneutic method of interpretation
of poetic texts, according to it philosophical content of poetry can be extracted only from the
linguistic textual structure.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: V. S. Nikonenko

value: 80th anniversary

value: philosophy of literature

value: poetical text

value: V. A. Zhukovskiy

value: A. S. Pushkin

value: St Petersburg philosophy


dc.contributor.author

value: Naumova, Ekaterina I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Naumova E. I. The concept of “capitalism” in the history of Russian self-awareness. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 354–363. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.307 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Starting point is that Marx never used the concept capitalism. “Capitalism” literally “grow”
from the translation of the Marx’s Capital into Russian language and the discussions around
it which were initiated by Populists and Marxists. It happened long before the emergency of
Weber’s and Sombart’s works which give precedence in popularization of the concept “capitalism”.
The article shows that Marxist and partly Liberal discourses of capitalism firstly formed
in Russian language in the papers of Russian writers, philosophers and politicians. Thanks to
translation of Marx’s Capital and discussions around it in Russian cultural environment it was
made the key terms of Marxist understanding of capitalism that allows the conclusion that
Marxist discourse of capitalism can be determined as Russian. Our research showed that the
concept capitalism became commonly-used in Russian political literature and also emerged
and took root in Russian vocabulary before that it happened in Europe countries. There is reason
to believe that at first the concept “capitalism” with its stable Marxist content emerges in
Russian language, and then this form, “forged” in Russian philosophical and political discussions
and fixed in the vocabularies, becomes the sample for Marxist interpretation of capitalism
in principle. Thus, European understanding of “capitalism” essentially turns out Russian
meanings.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was funded by of Russian Science Foundation grant no. 22-28-00779 “Sovereignty and
sovereign: logic and antinomies of global civilization”. Head: Sokolov A. M., 2022–2023.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: conceptual history

value: Russian Marxism

value: capitalism

value: N. S. Rusanov


dc.contributor.author

value: Evlampiev, Igor I.

value: Matveeva, Inga Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Evlampiev I. I., Matveeva I. Yu. The debates on the sense of history between F. M. Dostoevsky and L. N. Tolstoy and the idea of “spiritual empire” as a form of historical development of the mankind. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 319–331. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.304

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article proves the hypothesis that F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel The Raw Youth expresses the conception
of history directed against the model proposed by L. N. Tolstoy in his War and Peace.
Tolstoy maintains that the course of history is determined by the spontaneous interactions of
elementary biological powers acting within individuals and within nations; he firmly rejects the
idea that individuals can influence history by means of their rational will. In his novel The Raw
Youth, Dostoevsky defends totally contrary position: only few “higher personalities” can immediately
influence history by means of their great ideas, among which the religious ones play
especially important role. The article shows that Dostoevsky’s critique had probably an impact
on Tolstoy; as a result, in his late religious teaching, he adopted the position which he had previously
rejected. Now he thinks that only few “best people” living in the strong compliance with
the Jesus Christ’s doctrine direct society towards the way of spiritual perfectness and thus they
determine the course of history. This general model of historical development of society can be
named as “spiritual Empire” which is contrary to the accepted western liberal tradition generated
by the philosophy of the Enlightenment. Within the model of “spiritual Empire”, the aim of the
development is represented with the more and more spiritual unity of people and with the fact
that everybody serve to the highest values (the creation of culture); such society should be ruled
by the “highest personalities” who achieved the highest spiritual development and influence
the society rather with the help of their spiritual authority than by means of the material power.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reserarch was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 21-18-00153 “The idea of
empire and the idea of revolution: two poles of the Russian socio-political worldview in philosophy and
culture of the 19th–21th centuries” (St Petersburg State University).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Russian philosophy of history

value: Leo Tolstoy

value: Fyodor Dostoevsky

value: liberalism and authoritarianism

value: empire

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Savelieva, Marina Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Savelieva M. Yu. From the “logic of paradoxes” to dialectical logic (historical transformation of Spinozist methodology). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 374–381. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.309

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the features of the transformation of the philosophical cognitive methodology
in the heritage of B. Spinoza. The central concept of Spinozism is the concept of “substance”,
which plays not only a meaningful, but also a formal role in his philosophy. An analysis
of the interpretation of the term “substance” by Spinoza reveals its paradoxical nature. The
paradox arises in the context of operating with extremely abstract and universal concepts,
therefore, thinkers always try to give these concepts a natural-philosophical character, make
them more meaningful and thereby reduce the level of their inconsistency. Spinoza’s idea of
substantiality as a criterion of the absolute essence of God clearly proves this. Referring to
God as an absolute and universal substantial criterion, Spinoza tried to restore in rights the
religious status of ontology and metaphysics, which was questioned by the theory of innate
ideas of Descartes and achieved the exact opposite result. On the one hand, the substantiality
of God appeared to be consistent and universal; on the other hand, His substantial character
was the basis for the denial of His absoluteness, because infinite substance seeks to self-determination
and self-restraint. Thus, Spinoza became the author of the concept of an absolutely
contradictory substantial God as the absolute foundation of a contradictory world and
the contradictory nature of human knowledge. In this sense, the paradox manifests itself not
only as an obstacle to objective historical knowledge, but also as a way of transforming philosophical
ideas in the history of mankind. This is the only way to understand the essence of the
transformation of the ideas of Spinozism in the philosophy of Hegelianism and Marxism: the
adoption of the formal features of the metaphysical concept of “substance” became the basis
for the transformation of the metaphysical logic of paradox to dialectical logic.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: paradox

value: substance

value: God

value: foundation

value: contradiction

value: logic

value: dialectics

value: method


dc.contributor.author

value: Akimova, Varvara V.

value: Kuptsova, Margarita A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Akimova, V. V., Kuptsova, M. A. (2022). Modern garment industry of Asia: Geographical features of development and the main areas of concentration. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (3), 386–408. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.301 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The global textile and apparel sector has historically played a key role in the developing economies
of Asia, which now account for three quarters of global apparel exports. Today as new
countries embark on the path of export-oriented industrialization, the geography of the industry is expanding due to the emergence of new clothing manufacturing centers in Asia. The
article provides a comprehensive analysis of the spatial organization of the garment industry
in the Asian region. The modern dynamics of the economic indicators of the industry at the
national level is considered, key trends are indicated. The parameters of the suppliers search
in combination with the location factors of the textile and apparel industry are revealed, and
their influence on the spatial pattern of the industry is explained. At the regional level, the
identification, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the concentration areas of the textile and
apparel industry is carried out based on location of production sites of the leading companies
in the industry. In total, 14 areas of the export-oriented textile and apparel industry in Asia
have been highlighted and divided into three types based on their product and technological
specialization, the size and ownership structure of enterprises, and backward linkages to the
textile sector. It was revealed that the trend of shift of garment production continues both at
the level of national economies (to other countries) as well as at the regional level (from large
centers to the inner regions of countries), however, the return on the model of constant search
for new production facilities for cost reduction is decreasing.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 3

value: garment industry

value: fashion industry

value: apparel commodity chain

value: clothing production global value chains

value: global production networks

value: zones of concentration

value: Asia


dc.contributor.author

value: Afonasina, Anna S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Afonasina A. S. The image of Empedocles in the Hippocratic treatises and the interpretation of some biographical evidences. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 293–306. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Empedocles is spoken of as a physician by various ancient authors. However, none of the
medical works attributed to him has survived. These may have been the treatise of Empedocles
mentioned by Pliny the Elder on the deliverance of Athens from the plague and the medical
treatise in six hundred verses. Nevertheless, we have at our disposal a number of fragments
of his poem, in which the structure of various parts of the body is described, an attempt is
made to explain the functioning of the processes of perception, some physiological processes
and the structure of living organisms are described. Empedocles is also mentioned in some
treatises of the Hippocratic corpus, but rather as a fake doctor in comparison with the real, i. e.
Hippocratic doctors. This study aims to resolve the conflict that exists between the fragments
of Empedocles’ poem, in which he speaks in the first person and promises to teach various
“magical” techniques, the testimonies of Heraclides and Timaeus based on these statements,
and the reaction to Empedocles by representatives of the Hippocratic school. For this we will
have to turn both to doxographic evidence and to some treatises of the Hippocratic corpus —
“Ancient Medicine”, “The Sacred Disease” and “Decorum”. The article examines what medicine
was in antiquity, what was the reason for the institutionalization of the medical profession,
and whether a clear disciplinary boundary could be drawn between medicine and natural
philosophy at the time. These questions are included in the general discussion of the relation
between religious and scientific views in the philosophy of Empedocles, as well as in the
mentioned treatises of the Hippocratic corpus. In addition, the article attempts to interpret the
story of the miraculous resurrection of the breathless by referring to contemporary research
in the field of resuscitation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 22-28-00163 “Empedocles the
Physicist: A study of natural science fragments with translation and commentary”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 3

value: Empedocles

value: ancient medicine

value: Hippocratic treatises

value: image of the doctor

value: magic

value: breathless girl

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Dragalina-Chernaya, Elena G.

value: Lisanyuk, Elena N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dragalina-Chernaya E. G., Lisanyuk E. N. The incomprehensible effectiveness of logic, or The scandal of Francis Bacon’s true induction. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 307–318. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
We take seriously a statement of Francis Bacon (1561–1626) that what is he creating is no new
philosophy, but a new logic. The demarcation of the disciplinary boundaries of the experimental
natural science and the new logic, “the art of questioning and interpreting nature”, turns
out to be the key task of the grandiose reform of scientific knowledge initiated by his Novum
Organum. Bacon proposes his “logic of discovering” including the true induction as the first
part of the four parts of logic three other parts of which have been invented before him. This
task involves a design of a double transition, from the experimental data in the “lower axioms”
though the “middle axioms” to a particular logical system with its “higher axioms”, and vice
versa, from the logical system to the experimental data. We consider Bacon’s true induction
as a conceptual technology for eliminating of the “vague abstractions” in a conversation with
nature about the truth. Based on the generalization of data from the examples of presence,
absence, and degree, the true induction through the data refinement and validation relates its
outcomes to probabilistic and plausible reasonings about reasonings. Technological devices
of Baconian conceptual design are constructed to provide the imperfect cognitive agent with instructions for the interface design of sequential step-by-step ascent through the levels of
abstraction from initial experimental data to true knowledge, thus presumably guaranteeing
the comprehensible effectiveness of logical knowledge.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Support from the Basic Research Program of the HSE University is gratefully acknowledged by
Elena Dragalina-Chernaya. Support from the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 20-18-00158 “Formal
Philosophy of Argumentation and comprehensive methodology of search and selection of dispute
resolutions” is gratefully acknowledged by Elena Lisanyuk.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Bacon

value: true induction

value: logic of discovery

value: logic of design

value: levels of abstraction

value: cognitive agent


dc.contributor.author

value: Shakhnovich, Marianna M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shakhnovich M. M. The concept of “scientific atheism”: The history of its construction and introduction into philosophy and political practice (1954–1964). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 436–448. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.314 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The main purpose of the article is to reveal the socio-historical context of the emergence of
the concept of “scientific atheism”, designed to solve ideological and political problems in the
USSR in 1954–1964. The article shows how the concept of “scientific atheism” turns into a
conceptual category, is filled with new content, forms an appropriate discourse and becomes a tool that produces socially significant meanings used in the practice of ideological production
during the period of building socialism in the USSR. The author demonstrates how the
understanding of atheism that existed in previous Marxist literature as a philosophical criticism
of religion, based on the natural sciences and philosophical materialism and connected
with the study of the historical forms of religion and its modern features, was rejected. Such an
understanding of atheism did not satisfy the current political demand associated with the new
tasks of communist construction. The article shows that a special role in the construction of
the ideological component of the concept of “scientific atheism” in the early 1960s was played
by I. D. Pantskhava, head of the Department of History and Theory of Atheism at Moscow
State University, and also the secretary of the Central Committee L. F. Ilyichev, who headed the
Ideological Commission of the Central Committee of the CPSU, which, in the wake of a new
anti-religious campaign, initiated the development of practical recommendations in the field
of atheistic upbringing of the population, among which the need to form the theoretical content
of scientific atheism as an independent philosophical discipline aimed at solving urgent
political problems stood out. The article introduces previously unknown archival materials
into academic circulation, shedding light on the 1964 discussion about the features of Marxist
atheism and the subject of “scientific atheism”.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant no. 21-11-43036
“Scientific Atheism as an Ideological Construct, an Educational Project and an Element of the Soviet Mode
of Life (1950s–1980s)”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Marxist atheism

value: scientific atheism

value: natural science propaganda

value: socialism in the USSR


dc.contributor.author

value: Mednikova, Anna A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mednikova A. A. T. Morton’s hyposubject as a new image of human. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 341–353. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.306 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the articles of T. Morton and highlights the main points that set the tone
of his philosophy. Morton does not explicitly stand out his full anthropological position, but
on the basis of the central themes of his philosophy, the concept of human is recreated. The
sources used were the articles “Ecology without nature” and “Queer-ecology”, as well as the
books “Being ecological”, “Ecological thought”, “Hyposubjects about the becoming of human”.
This approach has not yet been implemented in the Russian-language philosophical literature
in relation to the selected source. In Russian-language articles, as a rule, one can find the
development of T. Morton’s ideas, unrelated to anthropological topics, for example, a collection
of the Dark Logos dedicated to dark ecology. Despite this, the anthropological analysis is
particularly interesting, since environmental topic is associated not only with environmental
problems, but also with social processes and questions about human as such. F. Guattari in
his book Three Ecologies noted that the ecological imbalance and increased interest in this
topic will lead to the change in everyday life, collectivity, and, most importantly, a new type
of subjectivity. On the basis of this material, an analysis of the new subjectivity characteristic
of human in an environmentally friendly society was carried out. Using the philosophical
and anthropological approach, typical of the philosophy of I. Kant, the author also comes to
the conclusion not only about the anti-anthropocentricity of T. Morton’s philosophy, but also
about the anti-anthropological nature of his project, since Morton, according to the European
tradition, recognizes “human’s death” and works in two directions: it anthropomorphizes existence
and animalizes a human.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: human

value: T. Morton

value: nature

value: ecology

value: hyposubject

value: hyperobject

value: hypersubject

value: exoperson

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shipovalova, Lada V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shipovalova L. V. Recursivity and contingency: To the question of governance in the digital era. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 397–409. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.311 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The research focuses on the question of the governance strategy of an increasingly complex
social system. The complication related to the contemporary socio-political situation, which
requires the participation of various stakeholders with their knowledge in the process of decision-
making. Digital technologies as an ambiguous context and mediators of public communication
exacerbate this issue. The author conducts research at the intersection of epistemological
and socio-political contexts and implements conceptual analysis of governability
and recursivity, revealed, firstly, to the problem of governing an increasingly complex system
and, secondly, the conditions for its resolution. The concept of contingency supplements the
concept of recursivity. The article consistently reveals the problematic nature of the concepts
of governability and recursivity, the dual use of recursivity in political sciences, the ambiguity
of the relationship between recursivity and contingency. The analysis of concepts allows
identifying the conditions for both the involvement of additional active participants with their
knowledge in governance, and their use as passive carriers of information. The author clarifies
this alternative through two models of the relation of contingency and recursivity, namely, the “victory” or “defeat” of the first. As an example of how the models work, the author uses a
study of citizen participation in city governance through digital platforms. She concludes that
the governance strategy, taking into account the model of “victory” of contingency, provides
conditions for the recognition of new active participants in decision-making processes.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 19-18-00210 “Political
ontology of digitalization: Study of institutional bases for digital forms of governability”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: governability

value: recursivity

value: contingency

value: distributed cognition

value: digital technologies


dc.contributor.author

value: Karpenko, Mikhail S.

value: Sebentsov, Alexander B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Karpenko, M. S., Sebentsov, A. B. (2022). Demographic and sociocultural challenges to cross-border cooperation on the Russian-Kazakhstan border. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (3), 454–474. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.304 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Integration aspirations of Kazakhstan and Russia seem to many experts to be a solid basis
for the development of cooperation in the common border area. However, recent research
has convincingly proved that political and economic integration do not automatically bring
border regions closer together and develop institutions of cooperation between them. Under
these conditions, participants in cross-border interactions are forced to rely on the still preserved
elements of the common Soviet heritage — economic ties between large enterprises
and especially a common culture and values. The purpose of the work is to analyze the nature
of the influence of demographic and sociocultural trends of recent decades on cross-border
cooperation between Russian and Kazakh regions. This study shows that the common sociocultural
space of the border area, on the one hand, undoubtedly creates the potential for
integration and cross-border cooperation, on the other hand, it inevitably becomes a matter
of concern for states seeking to legitimize their rights to border areas through a special linguistic,
historical, cultural and symbolic policy aimed at uniting ethnically and culturally diverse
populations in political nations. The policy of “Kazakhization”, the demographic policy
of the Russian and Kazakh authorities, as well as the natural course of demographic processes
contributes to the erosion of the common sociocultural space of the border area. The analysis
of expert interviews showed that the basis of “unorganized,1” “spontaneous” cooperation of
the population is still cross-border trade, as well as mutual trips with consumer and tourist
purposes. The main beneficiaries of such contacts are the Russian regional centers, especially
the millionaire cities, where study and further life are considered as a desirable life trajectory
for many young Kazakhstanis and, above all, ethnic Russians. By attracting more and more
migrants, the largest Russian cities contribute to further polarization and erosion of the socio-cultural space of the border area, which can significantly reduce the potential for cooperation
in the long term.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study is being carried out at the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences
within the framework of the RSF project No. 22-27-00661 («Assessment of the Regionalization Potential on
the Internal and External Borders of the EAEU»).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 3

value: cross-border cooperation

value: demography

value: cross-border region

value: cross-border regionalization

value: kazakhization

value: memory politics

value: cultural landscape


dc.contributor.author

value: Voloshenko, Ksenia Yu.

value: Morachevskaya, Kira A.

value: Novikova, Anna A.

value: Lyzhina, Elena A.

value: Kalinovskiy, Leonid V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Voloshenko, K. Yu., Morachevskaya, K. A., Novikova, A. A., Lyzhina, E. A., Kalinovskiy, L. V. (2022). Transformation of food self-sufficiency of Kaliningrad Oblast in the face of external challenges. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (3), 409–430. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Foreign trade relations of Russia in the 2010s developed in the context of various geopolitical
challenges, which led to a radical transformation of the volume and geography of export-import
operations, including the food sector. The 2014 food embargo triggered an intensification
of the import substitution policy in the Russian agriculture and food production. The value
of the import component in the food market, the basic level of agriculture and food production
development, and the level of diversification and localisation of raw material relations of
enterprises acted as differentiating factors in the influence of new external challenges on the
food self-sufficiency of the regions. Kaliningrad Oblast is of particular interest for studying
the transformation of food self-sufficiency, taking into account the exclave position, the low
level of agriculture development a decade ago, close export-import relations with European
countries until 2014. The paper calculates food self-sufficiency indicators, analyses territorial
and sectoral shifts in agriculture and food production, and estimates changes in the import
component in the food market of Kaliningrad Oblast. The data of the federal state statistics
service, the Kaliningrad regional customs, as well as the results of expert interviews and visual
observations conducted by the authors in August 2020 are used. It was revealed that the transformation
of food self-sufficiency in Kaliningrad Oblast, on the one hand, reflected national
trends, and, on the other hand, had unique features. The latter were characteristic of changes
in the food independence of the region. Its increase was associated with the rapid growth
of agriculture with a high return of government support. In addition, there was a relatively
dispersed distribution of key centers of agricultural production, atypical for many regions of
“mainland” Russia. The beneficiaries of the free niches on the market, which opened after the
food embargo in 2014, as in most of the territory of Russia, were large agroholdings, but many
of them, in contrast to those located in the interior regions of the country, were rather acutely
experiencing the ruptures of raw materials ties.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
within the framework of scientific project No. 20-05-00739. Cartographic materials were prepared as part of
the research work of the state task of the RANEPA.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: food security

value: food embargo

value: food self-sufficiency

value: import substitution

value: Kaliningrad Oblast

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Zemlianskii, Dmitrii Yu.

value: Chuzhenkova, Valeriia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zemlianskii, D. Yu. and Chuzhenkova, V. A. (2022). Dynamics of socioeconomic development of municipalities with preferential regimes in the Far East in 2013–2020. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (3), 431–453. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The development of the Far Eastern Federal District is a priority of the federal investment and
regional policy. To create new jobs and attract private investment to the territory of the district,
preferential regimes are being created in the macroregion — Special economic Zones (SEZ),
Territories of advanced socio-economic development (TASED), the Free Port of Vladivostok
(FPV), etc. The article analyzes the differences in the dynamics of socio-economic development
of municipalities (hereinafter referred to as MO), on the territory of which preferential
regimes operate with other MO of the macroregion. At the same time, not all preferential
regimes are considered, but specific for the Far East — territories of advanced socio-economic
development and the free port of Vladivostok. The analysis is carried out only for territories
with TOCER and SPV created in 2015–2016, taking into account the possibility of the emergence
of appropriate socio-economic effects. For this purpose, a monitoring index of the level
of socio-economic development of municipalities was compiled and calculated. The effects of
additionality for the applied support measures are also evaluated. The results showed that for
2013–2020 the level of socio-economic development of the municipalities of the Far Eastern
Federal District has increased and there has been a reduction in differences within the federal
district. In general, the overall “effect of additionality” of the functioning of TASED and FPV is
positive. The maximum local effect is observed in municipalities with a low level of socio-economic
development and where preferential regimes occupy most of the territory of the region.
At the same time, it is established that at this stage the activity of preferential regimes does
not provide a sustainable and systematic improvement of the socio-economic situation. The
results of this study will be useful to the executive authorities to assess the effectiveness of the
functioning of the TASED and FPV.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article was prepared as part of the research work of the state task of the RANEPA.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: municipalities of the Far East

value: free port Vladivostok

value: Territories of Advanced Social and Economic Development

value: state support for investors

value: concept of additionality


dc.contributor.author

value: Popov, Danil S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Popov D. S. The Stoic tradition in Russian and Western existentialism: Lev Shestov and Karl Jaspers. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 364–373. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.308

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article investigates the Stoic tradition in Russian and Western existentialism, drawing on
the example of the philosophy of L. Shestov and K. Jaspers. Applying the methods of textual
analysis, the study focuses on their accounts of what the Stoics did and preached (or would
have done and preached), instead of revealing alleged conceptual affinities between Stoic philosophy
and existentialism. The author shows that both thinkers used these accounts as crucial
points of reference, developing and upholding their own key doctrines: refutation of rationalism
(L. Shestov), the experience of boundary situations and existential communication (K. Jaspers).
Yet, they expressed serious criticism of Stoic ideas and emphasised that people would
not achieve the highest aim of philosophising if they pursued the strategies of the Stoics. The
study highlights the fact that L. Shestov and K. Jaspers were neither historians of philosophy
nor proponents of Stoicism and examined not Stoic doctrines but a set of certain Stoic values.
The form and content of their arguments make it possible to consider them as coherent Stoic
narratives. Thus, the article suggests that accounts of Stoic attitudes and values offered in Russian
and Western existentialism give an essential guide as to how one ought or ought not to
exist, act and think.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Stoics

value: Stoicism

value: Stoic narrative

value: existentialism

value: irrationalism

value: boundary situations

value: Jaspers

value: Shestov


dc.contributor.author

value: Kovaleva, Tatiana V.

value: Plasienkova, Zlatica

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kovaleva T. V., Plasienkova Z. Socio-philosophical paradigmatic approaches to the typology of modern humanitarian expertise. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 3, pp. 332–340. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.305

dc.description.abstract

value:
The aim of the article is to define socio-philosophical paradigms for typology of humanitarian
expertise, to show its possibilities and role in the life of society and the world for the solution of
modern sociocultural problems. Objectives: With the help of historical paradigmatic approaches
to demonstrate theoretical grounding of socio-philosophical foundations of expertise in humanitarian
fields and the purpose of humanitarian expertise for the individual, society and professional
organizations. This research is methodologically based on the socio-philosophical analysis
of some works of famous sociologists and philosophers of the 20th–21st centuries which created
preconditions for formation of methodological foundations of humanitarian expertise, and
it also includes presentation of three types of humanitarian expertise and demonstration of their
distinctive features. Thanks to the developed methods and techniques in sociology, philosophy,
culturology, etc., experts and expert communities had some new approaches for studying various
problems of society and quickly eliminating the consequences of negative results of scientific
and technological progress on it. Developed methods and techniques underlying humanitarian
expertise allowed experts to go beyond the subjectivism of the individual and consider sociocultural
phenomena objectively based on facts in justification of social actions. When the role of
science in the life of society becomes predominant there is a need for such methods, techniques,
and technologies that would make it possible to stop the use of scientific achievements to the
detriment of society, to determine the unethical behavior of scientists and every member of
society, to anticipate dangerous man-made situations. The focus of expert knowledge should
be the monitoring of unethical behavior of professionals in the humanitarian spheres of society
protecting the interests and health of people.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) grant no. 20-011-
00124 “Transformation of moral culture under the influence of neuroscience” (T. V. Kovaleva) and the
Slovak Research and Development Agency (SRDA) contract no. APVV-18-0103 “Paradigmatic Changes
in the Understanding of Universe and Man from Philosophical, Theological, and Physical Perspectives”
(Z. Plašienkova).

dc.subject

value: social facts

value: social action

value: humanitarian expertise

value: social and cultural products

value: ethics

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Glebova, Anastasia B.

value: Sergeev, Igor S.

value: Bykov, Nikolay I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Glebova, A. B., Sergeev, I. S., Bykov, N. I. (2022). Geoinformation analysis with the construction of a neural network model for predicting location of archaeological monuments in the landscapes of South-Eastern Altai. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (3), 491–514. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.306 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article identifies landscape patterns of the location of archaeological sites in the South-
East Altai using GIS and machine learning. The information database of archaeological sites
of South-Eastern Altai was created based on literary sources, the authors’ own field research.
Schemes of distribution of archaeological sites according to some landscape features: absolute
height; position in relation to watercourses; slopes; exposition; solar radiation intensity
in June; Intensities of solar radiation for December was created on the basis of geoinformation analysis of the relief of the territory and the available archaeological data. The obtained
statistical regularities of the distribution of archaeological sites in the landscapes of
South-Eastern Altai were the basis for the creation and verification of the algorithm of a
machine-learning model — a neural network. Based on the results, a forecast map of the
location of archaeological sites was created. The greatest probability of discovering new archaeological
objects could be provided by the following landscape parameters, no further
than 500-600 m from the river with a slope steepness of up to 4 degrees, with high intensity
and summer (June) solar radiation and with an exposure of slopes: southern, south-eastern
and western. Unexplored archaeological sites in South-East Altai are most likely located
along river valleys in the middle and lower reaches, at the confluence of rivers, along the
periphery of intermountain basins, or on wide flat areas of above-floodplain terraces of river
valleys. The data obtained make it possible to assess the contribution of landscape features
to the spatial distribution of religious buildings of ancient peoples and provide opportunities
for the search for new archaeological sites.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The collection of materials was carried out within the framework of the state task of the Institute of
Water and Environmental Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Natural
and natural-economic systems of Siberia in the face of modern challenges: diagnostics of conditions,
adaptive capabilities, potential of ecosystem services” (No. 0306-2021-0007). Analytical work was carried
out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant project No. 19-05-00535
“Natural disasters and landscape transformation of southeastern Altai and northwestern Mongolia since the
maximum of the last glaciation”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: landscape

value: archaeological sites

value: geographic information systems

value: DEM

value: neural network

value: South-Eastern Altai

value: Altai Mountains


dc.contributor.author

value: Skachkov, Vladislav S.

value: Zayats, Dmitry V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Skachkov, V. S., Zayats, D. V. (2022). Assessing the risks of spatial disintegration in a state with a multinuclear territorial and political structure (on the example of Bolivia). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (3), 475–490. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.305 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article carries out an assessment of risks of spatial disintegration using a methodology developed
by the authors. The methodology makes it possible to quantify the danger of weakening,
disruption, and destruction of the system-forming links between the administrative-territorial
units of the country. The authors have identified seven factors of spatial disintegration: historical,
socio-economic, domestic political, ethno-cultural, military-strategic, transport, and foreign
policy. As an example of testing this technique, Bolivia was chosen as a state that has patterns
of economic, political, socio-cultural development characteristic of most Latin American countries.
But unlike most of them, Bolivia has a multi-core territorial and political structure: in the
political field, the actual (La Paz) and constitutional (Sucre) capitals compete with an alternative
pole of growth — the city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra in the flat east of the country. The Santa Cruz
Department initiates and coordinates various innovations and projects aimed at increasing the
autonomy of the east of the country or federalization of Bolivia. The calculations have shown
that Bolivia has significantly higher risks of potential disintegration compared to several Latin
American states (Mexico, Venezuela, Chile). Modern Bolivia is a contradictory system of two
heterogeneous socio-cultural, economic and political regions — the mountainous West, inhabited
by Aymara and Quechua, that economic development is based on the mining industry,
and the plain East, populated by Creoles and Guarani, economically stimulated by natural gas
production and more intensive agriculture. It is determined that the departments of Santa Cruz
and Tarija have the greatest risks of spatial disintegration within Bolivia.

value: Bolivia

value: spatial disintegration

value: separatism

value: Santa Cruz

value: risks of disintegration

dc.type

value: Article