dc.contributor.author

value: Konnov, Vladimir I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Konnov V. I. The discursive practices of the research program of B. F. Lomov in promotion of Soviet engineering psychology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, рр. 83–95.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses a series of publications by B. F. Lomov from the 1960s aimed at promoting
engineering psychology, with the analysis based on discourse analysis and political sociology
of science and using articles grouped and examined in terms of print to appeal to different
audiences: party elite, mid-level administrators, academia, and psychologists. The emphasis
is on practices used to associate engineering psychology with the interests of relevant groups.
The rise of the cybernetics movement, which aimed to consolidate scientific disciplines and to
expand the political influence of science, is considered as a general context for the application
of Lomov’s discursive practices. In this situation, engineering psychology had the advantage
of being the branch of psychological research that was closest to the approaches of cybernetics
and had the best growth opportunities in the context of the expanding influence of the latter.
This trend met with natural resistance from groups that initially found themselves disconnected
from cybernetics. These included groups in the humanities involved in political campaigns
in science of the 1940s–1950s, including the anti-cybernetic campaign, as well as part
of the bureaucracy that dealt with economic planning, a task that could be most affected by
the rise of computer technology. Lomov built his discursive strategy in such a way as to anticipate
possible critical attacks. The practices he worked out in publications under examination
largely predetermined the practices that he used to promote psychology, acting as director of
the Institute of Psychology in the next two decades, and thus had a noticeable impact on the
development of Soviet psychology as a whole.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no.
19-011-00865.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 1

value: engineering psychology

value: cybernetics

value: Soviet psychology

value: Institute of Psychology AS USSR

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Troshikhina, Evgenia G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Troshikhina E. G. The scientific and life path of the outstanding comparative psychologist N. A. Tikh. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, рр. 71–82.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the life and scientific work of Nina Aleksandrovna Tikh (1905–1983), an
outstanding Russian zoopsychologist and comparative psychologist, and professor at Leningrad
(St Petersburg) State University in 1951–1975. She followed V. A. Wagner, was a student
of V. M. Borovsky, and was a colleague of N. Yu. Voitonis, N. N. Ladygina-Kots, G. Z. Roginsky,
and M. F. Nesturkh. She made a significant contribution to the development of comparative
psychology and zoopsychology. Tikh conducted observations and experiments on animals
and birds; she published about fifty works, of which four are monographs. Tikh’s main areas of
interest were the origin and development of human consciousness, thinking, speech, and social
behavior. Most of all, she was engaged in the least developed problem of anthropogenesis:
the history of the transformation of the herd life of human ancestors into the social life of people.
For sixteen years Tikh studied the prehistory of social life, observing the herd life of apes
in the Sukhumi Monkey Nursery, the medical and biological station of the USSR Academy of
Medical Sciences. Tikh concluded that living together in a herd would not have advantages over individual life without mutual help. The materials of these observations, their analysis,
and an attempt to reconstruct the development of the hominid community from the herd life
of animal human ancestors were included in the final monograph Prehistory of Society, which
is a fundamental scientific work.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: comparative psychology

value: zoopsychology

value: anthropology

value: Sukhumi Monkey Nursery

value: primates

value: hominids

dc.title

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Mironenko, Irina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mironenko I. A. On the scientific heritage of Mikhail Ivanovich Vladislavlev. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, рр. 19–28.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the place and significance of the scientific heritage of M. I. Vladislavlev
(1840–1890) and analyzes the scientific heritage of Vladislavlev, discusses its significance and relevance in the context of modern trends in post-non-classical science. This scholar, who
wrote fundamental works on psychology, was well-known, and even held the post of rector
of St Petersburg University, was forgotten due to a discrepancy between his methodological
preferences and the methodology and ideology on which Russian science of the 20th century
as based. After an internship in Germany, Vladislavlev defended his master’s thesis “Modern
trends in the science of the soul”, published later, and worked at St Petersburg University. In
1885–1887 he was dean of the Faculty of History and Philosophy, and rector from 1987 until
his death in 1990. His students included the likes of A. I. Vvedensky, N. Ya. Groth, N. N. Lange
and others. Vladislavlev’s psychological views are detailed in three volumes of more than
one and a half thousand pages. These present the history of psychology from ancient times
through contemporary trends, as well as his holistic vision of the discipline: the methodology
of psychology is presented in detail and the general structure of the psyche and the entire
spectrum of mental phenomena, mental processes, and properties are described. Vladislavlev
used and developed the method of introspection. When methodology based on the primacy
of the experimental method became firmly established in Russian science, introspection received
the stigma of being “unscientific”. The work of scientists who used this method was not
considered significant and was largely ignored. In the last decades of the twentieth century,
significant changes occurred in psychological methodology, as well as in the general methodology
of science. Cultural conditioning and relativity of scientific ideals and norms have
become obvious, the influence of the “humanitarian” paradigm has grown, and the use of
narrative approaches is expanding.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 20-013-00260
“National and local schools of psychology in the context of global socio-cultural trends: challenges and
prospects”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: M. I. Vladislavlev

value: history of psychology

value: psychology at St Petersburg University

value: introspection

value: Russian voluntarism


dc.contributor.author

value: Strizhitskaya, Olga Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Strizhitskaya O. Yu. Origins of Leningrad (St Petersburg) school of psychology of aging in works of B. G. Ananyev and M. D. Alexandrova. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, рр. 46–54.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article explores the origins and foundations of the Leningrad (St Petersburg) school of the
psychology of aging. The historical perspective of the development of the ideas of the psychology
of aging from the global trends that existed at the beginning of the 20th century is presented,
the general prerequisites for the emergence of the Leningrad (St Petersburg) approach
to understanding the aging process in general, as well as the basic principles of the Leningrad
(St Petersburg) school of the psychology of aging that have arisen on their basis are shown.
The world psychology of aging began with the deficit paradigm of aging, which accepts involutionary
processes as the norm of ontogenesis. At the same time, developmental psychology
did not perceive the aging period as a period of human development. B. G. Ananyev, having
analyzed and systematized the existing data and views on human ontogenesis, put forward the
idea of the integrity of human development and the continuity of processes. Based on these
ideas, M. D. Alexandrova first empirically confirmed these ideas using the example of sensory-
perceptual functions, and then expanded the area of her scientific interests to the human
ability to work. These studies led her to the conviction that the aging period is a period with
its own resources and potentials, the activation of which will depend not only on the current
situation, but also on the previous period of development. She also demonstrated the ambiguity
and variability of developmental periods. The work shows that the proposed ideas were not
only advanced for their time, but in many ways were ahead of their time. It was shown that
the main idea of the Leningrad (St Petersburg) school of psychology of aging can be characterized
as a constructive — positive approach to understanding aging processes, focused
on human potentials and resources. It was shown that the ideas suggested by B. G. Ananyev and M. D. Alexandrova, continue in the works of their students and followers, who share and
develop these ideas.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 1

value: Leningrad school of psychology of aging

value: psychology of aging

value: resourceful approach to aging

value: M. D. Alexandrova

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Egorova, Marina S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Egorova M. S. The teacher: A few words of appreciation for Iosif Markovich Paley. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, рр. 96–103.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores I. M. Paley, one of the most prominent representatives of the Ananyev
psychological school. The scientific life of I. M. Paley focused on studies of individual differences. He made a significant contribution to the constitution of the Leningrad (St Petersburg)
differential psychological school. His intensive scientific communication with
representatives of Moscow and Perm differential psychological schools (especially with
V. D. Nebylitsyn and V. S. Merlin) contributed to the integration of Russian differential
psychology and the creation of common theoretical guidelines and comparable diagnostic
methods. His psychological and psychophysiological studies were devoted to describing
individual differences, explaining their origins (based on inter-level associations), and predicting
behavior (how differences in properties of the nervous system, temperament, intelligence,
and personality lead to variation in behavioral responses). His research interests
addressed the structure and functions of personality with specific interest in the developmental
stability and plasticity. Paley believed that an analysis of inter-level relations in the
structure of the personality, as well as the elucidation of reasons for the relationship, are the
key to understanding the integrity of the individual. In studies conducted under his leadership
not only nomothetic, but also idiographic methods of analysis were used, especially
micro-longitudinal studies, which allowed the estimation of intra-individual variability. He
paid much attention to the methodology of psychological research: the analysis of research
schemes, the development and adaptation of diagnostic methods, and the adequate use of
statistical methods. Paley was a talented lecturer who taught people to see both the variety
of personality manifestations and the variety of their determinants. He designed the first
course of lectures in Russia dedicated to differential psychology of the personality. Perhaps
his greatest strength was his scientific supervision, in which professional competence, scientific
honesty, and genuine interest were combined with an amazing ability to enthrall the
students. Science is a dialogue between nature and humanity. Paley knew how to hear the
questions that arise in this dialogue and helped us, his students, to master this ability.

dc.subject

value: differential psychology

value: personality psychology


dc.contributor.author

value: Martsinkovskaya, Tatiana D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Martsinkovskaya T. D. Variability and constancy of the scientific school, or Harmonization of interrupted identity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, рр. 8–18.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines the connection between the formation of St Petersburg, Petrograd, and
Leningrad schools of psychology and the social context of the development of science in Russia. One important role in this development was played by university departments, laboratories,
journals, and scientific societies in the formation of relevant issues and problems and of
circles of opponent. Camps in the development of psychology at St Petersburg University —
humanitarian, historical-philological, and natural-scientific — from the beginning were associated
with the names of the first professors of the Faculty of Psychology, M. I. Vladislavlev
and A. I. Vvedensky. At the same time, the connecting thread between their concepts was the
priority of scientifically based and objective knowledge and scientific honesty of scientists
themselves. This line in subsequent works of psychologists of the St Petersburg — Leningrad
school remained fundamental, and it became the foundation on which theories developed
in various paradigms in the 20th century. The ideas of N. N. Lange and N. Ya. Groth were
connected with the traditions of the University in St Petersburg, from which they graduated.
Their roles as leading circles of opponents to professors of the St Petersburg school of psychology
— A. F. Lazursky, A. P. Nechaeva, M. Ya. Basov — is a central part of this history. The
article explores the specificity of the approach to activity in the works of M. Ya. Basov. The
significance of theoretical and practical psychology inherent in the works of A. F. Lazursky,
N. A. Nechaev, V. M. Bekhterev for the development of psychological science in Russia is also
analyzed. V. M. Bekhterev was a crucial figure in the creation of a “face of uncommon expression”
of the St Petersburg school, and these ideas were further developed by V. N. Myasishchev
and B. G. Ananyev. Despite moments of crisis in the history of the formation and development
of the Leningrad psychological school, scholars managed to preserve their scientific identity,
combining research on attitudes and motivation, behavior, and activity. Thus, the constancy
of the value orientations of the school and the traditions laid down by its founders were combined
with the variability and transformation of scientific priorities and methodological and
methodic basics necessary for modernity.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was prepared within the framework of the state task FNRE-2021-0001.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: scientific school

value: methodology

value: psychological experiment

value: reflexology

value: relations

value: activity


dc.contributor.author

value: Bocharov, Vladislav Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bocharov V. Yu. The new working-class youth employment of catering organizations during the pandemic. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 26–46.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the specific characteristics of the employment of young workers of Russian
catering organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among such characteristics, the
following points stand out: the predominantly informal nature of labor relations; the routine
nature of work under the control of the employer, carried out with the help of video surveillance;
the dependence of the working day on the presence or absence of visitors (“guests”) in
the organization; and the flexibility of the work schedule. Working youth of customer service
is one of the groups of employees most affected by the pandemic. Based on the results of indepth
interviews with young workers at three public catering organizations in Samara, conclusions
are drawn about negative consequences of the pandemic. These are expressed by the
young workers in the following: an increase in the risk of dismissal or unpaid vacation; working
in the conditions of reduced working hours; reduction of wages; constant conflicts with
visitors of catering organizations due to the mask regime; and prohibition of corporate events.
In addition to the in-depth interview data, statistical data and other empirical data obtained
within the framework of the ongoing research project “Life strategies of new working-class
youth in modern Russia”, carried out with the participation of the author (2018–2021), are
presented. In the theoretical aspect, the conclusion is made about the prospects of using the
interdisciplinary approach “new working class studies”, which synthesizes the neo-Marxist
(conflict) and cultural approaches, as well as the concept of “behavioral economics” to the
analysis of employment problems in the service sector. Moreover, with such a methodology
the precarious nature of the employment of service workers and the fact that the pandemic has
a negative impact on all areas of their lives should be taken into account.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with the support of the RSF (Russian Science Foundation) grant
no. 17-78-20062 “Life strategies of new working-class youth in modern Russia”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: new working-class youth

value: employment

value: customer service

value: catering

value: pandemic

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Balabanova, Evgeniya S.

value: Molchanova, Daria A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Balabanova E. S., Molchanova D. A. Work in conditions of remote and hybrid models: The example of IT-companies’ employees. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 3–25.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper analyzes work practices and attitudes of employees of Russian IT-sector companies
towards working in remote and hybrid formats (combining working from home and from the
office). We focus on two main sets of issues. First, we consider workloads and socio-psychological
well-being of employees under remote and hybrid employment conditions. Second, we
focus on individual and group efficiency of hybrid and remote work formats. The main contribution
of this paper to the existing literature is in its focus on organizational and managerial
factors which shape employee attitudes to remote working. Drawing on a survey study of
400 employees in Russian IT-sector in March 2021, we find that hybrid format significantly increases
the workload of employees compared to remote working. Nevertheless, paradoxically, the hybrid format is preferred by the majority of respondents. We conclude that the attitudes
to remote work are shaped mainly by the character of work tasks and the employee’s position
in the network of organizational communications. We find evidence that respondents without
subordinates, who are responsible for their individual work tasks, tend to react positively to
remote work, emphasizing the “convenience” of working from home, whereas managers and
employees who are actively involved in communication processes and organization of other
people’s work, are much more critical to remote working. Our findings also suggest that the
quality of organizational communications plays a key role in determining both employees’
social well-being and performance assessment. In remote working, information overloads become
a serious problem for workers, while the lack of information, by contrast, is not considered
to be a serious problem.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: remote work

value: hybrid work format

value: IT-companies

value: intra-organizational communications

value: workload

value: work efficiency

value: work-life conflict

value: burnout


dc.contributor.author

value: Pashkov, Mikhail V.

value: Pashkova, Valeria M.

value: Starostenko, Vladimir A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pashkov M. V., Pashkova V. M., Starostenko V. A. Transnational online education and digital inequality: Issues of pedagogical design. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 78–97.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Digitalization of education is commonly seen as a process that contributes to societal progress
rather than as a factor that gives rise to the digital divide in society. This paper therefore
considers how the digital divide can impact students and their learning in transnational online education which has been in greater demand since the onset of the pandemic.
Methodologically, the paper draws on the digital inequality stack model showing how each
level of the stack — physical access to information and communication technologies; digital
skills and competency; purposes and motivations for technology use — can influence learning
experiences in distance online education. This paper contributes to the literature on digital
inequalities in higher education in the following three ways: by further articulating the levels
and aspects of digital inequalities in the context of online learning; by demonstrating how
pedagogical design can contribute to redressing some of the challenges experienced by students
as a result of digital inequalities; and by offering a practical model of pedagogical design in the
form of a checklist that helps identify and mitigate the effects of digital inequalities on online
learning. The paper also makes some critical remarks about the concept of the digital divide
that are relevant to the development and implementation of online programs and courses.
This paper may be of interest to education providers planning to participate in transnational
online education.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 15; Issue 1

value: digital divide

value: digital inequality stack model

value: transnational education

value: distance education

value: online learning

value: pedagogical design


dc.contributor.author

value: Litvin, Tatiana A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Litvin T. A. Museum sociology in the context of socio-historical changes. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 63–77.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The urgent need to study museum visitors in Russia usually arose during periods of qualitative
reforms in the museum sphere, shortly after cardinal social changes. Such milestones in
Russia were the 1920s–1930s, the 1960s–1970s, and the 1990s–2000s. Research at this time had
significant results. The purpose of the study is to describe the historical context to explain the
activation of the audience analysis. The novelty of this approach consists in substantiating the
need for sociological research and indicates ways to improve them through interdisciplinary
cooperation of sociologists, museologists, historians, art historians and other specialists. The
first breakthrough was aimed at attracting the proletariat that won the revolution to the museum
for its elementary education. This helped to retain the museum in the USSR as a type of
institution. The museum boom of the 1960s pushed the state to more carefully calculate the
results of the work of museums and monitor them. During this period, the museum began to
be perceived as one of the tools for educating a Soviet citizen. The third period coincided with
a wave of commercialization, and museums entered into a struggle for their audience through
the planning of exhibition and teaching activities, and the Internet. The analyzed material
proves that sociological research is activated when museums become the arena of revolutionary
or communication experiments, and they need to be considered in a historical context.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: the study of the museum visitor

value: Russia

value: 20th century

value: interdisciplinarity

value: social changes

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Zaslavskaya, Maria I.

value: Rakachev, Vadim N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zaslavskaya M. I., Rakachev V. N. Conceptualization of identity politics and practices of its implementation in Russia and Armenia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 47–62.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the conceptual foundations of identity politics, the main subject of which
in modern conditions is the national state. In addition to the conceptual schemes of interpretation
of the concepts of ethnicity, nation, national identity, and identity policy, the paper
also examines the practices of implementing identity policy in Russia and Armenia. Identity
research has become particularly important in recent decades, but the identity construct itself
is still difficult to define and analyze. The actualization of the identity problem occurred due
to the fact that the phenomenon of social identity largely determines the features of the functioning
of social systems nowadays and, above all, the state. This is clearly demonstrated by
the situation in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia. Both countries are faced
with serious challenges, while a number of common problems are revealed in the implementation
of identity politics. For both Russia and Armenia, questions about the foundations of
identity and criteria for inclusion in the national community remain relevant and open. At the
same time, the future development, and even the existence of both countries as national states
in the modern conditions of the globalizing world, largely depends on the understanding of
the possibilities and application of technologies for effective regulating the identity politics,
on the identification of current priorities and vectors of development of society. In theoretical
and methodological terms, the article is based on the main provisions of the theory of identity,
the concept of ethnicity, nation and nationalism. The study is based on an interdisciplinary
approach that combines the theoretical and methodological principles of sociology, ethnology
and political science.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared within the framework of the joint Russian-Armenian project “Mechanisms
for the transformation of national identity in modern migration processes (on the example of the Armenia-
South of Russia migration network)”, implemented with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for
Basic Research (RFBR) no. 20-511-05019 Arm_a and the Committee on Science of the Ministry of Education,
Science, Culture and Sports of the Republic of Armenia (GKN MESCS), no. 20RF-172.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: identity politics

value: national identity

value: nation

value: ethnos

value: people

value: Russian Federation

value: Republic of Armenia


dc.contributor.author

value: Bogomiagkova, Elena S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bogomiagkova E. S. Formation of an innovative educational environment: The experience of Sociological school of St Petersburg State University. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 98–102.

dc.language.iso

value: ru


title: Preface

dc.contributor.author

value: Grishina, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Preface. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, p. 4-7.

dc.description.abstract

value: Preface

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 1

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Serova, Elena G.

value: Fainshtein, Elizaveta M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Serova E. G., Fainshtein E. M. 2022. The restaurant business value proposition: Intellectual text analysis of online customer reviews. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (1): 47–73.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of the paper is to study value proposition factors in online customer reviews that
characterize consumer inquiries in the catering industry by using text-mining techniques. Research
design focuses on the analysis of chain restaurants, which focuses on the usefulness of the service
indicated in a quantitative system of scores, and pleasure factors for customers. Empirical data from
201 online reviews were collected from TripAdvisor service, which contains information about
consumer preferences from St. Petersburg, Russia. In addition to text mining, the study used a correlation
analysis of rating scores for chain restaurant customers, comparing the online reviews of
satisfied and dissatisfied customers. The results of the study identified certain categories of factors of
high importance for customers, which were revealed in both positive and negative online reviews.
The results of the analysis help the restaurant management system to manage the value proposition
properly taking into account various consumer factors of the preferences indicated in reviews. The
research implications allow managers to purposefully select those factors that will achieve the desired
effect in the relationship marketing. This study gives an opportunity to management specialists
of the company explore and account for the emotional sentiment of online reviews.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 21; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: text mining

value: semantic analysis

value: correlation analysis

value: chain restaurants

value: value proposition

value: online customer reviews


dc.contributor.author

value: Ternikov, Andrei A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ternikov A. A. 2022. Professional standards and demand in the labor market in the sphere of higher management in Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (1): 131–148.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper discusses the problem of aligning the professional standards with a real demand in
the labor market of top management. The study proposes approaches to the analysis of demand
in the labor market and algorithms for quantification of qualitative information about relevant
skills, as well as the methodology for grouping professional standards and job advertisements.
The research methods of text mining, topic modeling and cluster analysis were applied for the
analysis of databases of vacancies and the professional standards. As a result, data on the labor
market were summarized as 30 professional groups; each group is characterized by a specific set
of competencies. The conclusions present the correspondence between the classification of labor
market and the current need in personnel and areas of their discrepancy with respect to the matrix
of skills for subgroups of professional standards and vacancies of the HeadHunter portal in
the “Higher management” category are identified. The proposed approaches and methods allow
to flexibly classify various professions between official classifiers and the demand in the labor
market. It helps to improve the coordination between educational organizations and professional
communities in order to ensure consistency of requirements for workers.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: professional standards

value: demand on skills

value: higher management

value: online vacancies

value: cluster analysis


dc.contributor.author

value: Kobylko, Aleksander A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kobylko A. А. 2022. Crisis resilient strategy: Lessons from the pandemic. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (1): 3–18.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Some managers argue that the need for a long-term planning in enterprises is decreasing due to
the uncertainty caused by the coronavirus crisis. The analysis of the strategic planning theory
does not provide precise recommendations how to counter such a phenomenon. The research is
aims at the analysis of existing approaches to the formation of a strategy resistant to long-term
risk factors such as a pandemic and taking specific measures to form a sustainable strategy. The
format of the strategy has an important role in solving this problem: the formulation of the key
indicators of this document. Modern Russian surveys show that modern strategy is a constantly
changing document. A strategy format depends on the size of the company. The classical strategic
theory is typical of large corporations. However, small companies treat strategy as a vision. The
study provides solutions to resilient strategy based on the size of the enterprise such as the transition
from a limited strategy to a termless strategy. This document will include a set of strategic
decisions on business diversification, cooperation with partners and competitors, etc.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: strategy

value: strategic planning

value: pandemic

value: risk

value: risk factor

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Orlova, Elena V.

value: Zhukova, Sofia V.

value: Martynova, Tatyana A.

value: Kitaeva, Elena M.

value: Gilenko, Evgeniy V.

value: Bondar, Vladimir A.

value: Cherenkov, Vitally I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Orlova E. V., Zhukova S. V., Martynova T. A., Kitaeva E. M., Gilenko E. V., Bondar V. A., Cherenkov V. I. 2022. Language sensitivity development as a response to challenges of professional communication in business schools. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (1): 149–164.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The study is aimed at the research of language and communicative skills development in students
at the borders of subject knowledge in business and management when operating in the interdisciplinary/cross-functional context. Design of the concept of cultivating language
sensitivity has become one of the key learning outcomes of the study. The principles of the
latter formulated the basics for the integrated course “Language of Professional Communication”
developed for Master’s Degree Programmes “Corporate Finance”, “Business Analytics
and Big Data”, “Smart City Management” in the Graduate School of Management, Saint
Petersburg University. The empirical data obtained from semi-structured in-depth interviews
held among the stakeholders of business education — employers, academic directors,
professors, students and graduates — made it possible to formulate the main professional
communicative challenges that graduates of business schools face. These professional communicative
challenges have been incorporated into the course as the key elements that facilitate
cultivation of integrated language, communication and subject-specific competences by
placing them in cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary groups, thus achieving the maximum
scope of diversity. The concept of the course aimed to cultivate language sensitivity creates
all necessary conditions for preparing students of business schools to cross-functional professional
activity in modern companies and increase their employability.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was supported by a grant from St. Petersburg State University (project ID 60419425).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 21; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: transformative management education

value: language of professional communication

value: language sensitivity

value: integrated course

value: complex problem

value: business education

value: language skills


dc.contributor.author

value: Sato, Akiko

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sato A. 2022. Revisiting the concepts of liability of foreignness and liability of outsidership from foreign subsidiary management perspective. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (1): 19–46.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The concepts of liability of foreignness and liability of outsidership have been central in international
business research. The Uppsala model explains that firms often face obstacles and opportunities
in management practices in a host market when internationalizing abroad. International
business scholars discussed these concepts redundantly but vaguely in the literature. Only
a few literature sources defined and utilized the concepts clearly over the last decade, however,
it has not been demonstrated how the key constructs help to explain firms’ foreign subsidiary
management. Therefore, the study reconsiders the concepts and identifies a proper utilization
of the concepts in the texts drawing on an intensive systematic literature review in the leading
international business and strategy journals from 2011 to 2021. The study also analyzes the
articles in which the authors find ambiguous and overlapping use of the concepts by clarifying
key constructs as identifiers. The study integrates defensive and offensive options for overcoming
liability of foreignness and liability of outsidership into our conceptual model of operational
structures from the foreign subsidiary management perspectives. The study contributes by providing
a novel intensive literature review of the concepts over the last decade; by clarifying the
key identifiers to distinguish the concepts in the leading international business and strategy journals;
by proposing newly integrated conceptual models of defensive and offensive options from
foreign subsidiary management perspectives with the focus on intra-organizational structures
for operational aspects.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was supported by St. Petersburg University, grant ID 77099799, project ID 77099884.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: liability of foreignness

value: liability of outsidership

value: defensive option

value: offensive option

value: operational structure

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Georgievsky, Anton B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Georgievsky A. B. 2022. Company’s servitization: Antecedents and consequences. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (1): 74–104.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article defines the concept of “servitization”, identifies its features, and outlines the antecedents
and consequences of servitization for the company. The analysis of academic literature on
the concept of servitization was used as a research method. The author presents two approaches
to the definition of the concept of “servitization”: the transformation process and the innovation
of the business model. The former reflects the need for significant changes, while the latter draws attention to the change in the logic of creating, transferring and receiving value. The proposed
definition of the concept of “servitization” adopts the “transformation process” approach, focuses
on the formation of a solution and the orientation of a solution to achieve a result. The study
highlights the features of servitization: the combination of goods and services, service orientation,
focus on meeting customer needs, creating competitive advantages, commitment to the
results, establishing relationships with customers, sharing knowledge, increasing the value of the
offer and its differentiation, enhancing the productivity of a company. Servitization antecedents
groups include improving competition, technological change, the development of international
trade and changing consumer trends, while consequences groups include providing a strategic
advantage, improving financial condition, increasing organizational efficiency, and developing
customer relationships.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 21; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: servitization

value: services

value: the conception of servitization

value: solution

value: antecedents

value: consequences

value: drivers

value: benefits


dc.contributor.author

value: Osipova, Alexandra S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Osipova A. S. 2022. Are local companies and multinational corporations equally equipped to struggle for talents in Russia? Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (1): 105–130.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Firms increasingly adopt various talent attraction practices in order to hire the most talented
employees and outperform competitors. Although talent attraction is considered critical
for the firm success, there is little information on how specifically local firms and multinational
corporations strive to win the “war” for talented employees in Russia. To bridge this gap, this
study aims to explore talent attraction systems of Russian firms and their foreign counterparts,
which they use in order to increase a competitive advantage. The research is based on a qualitative
methodology, the data was collected using thirty three in-depth interviews with HR managers
and further analyzed with the help of NVivo 12 software. The study reveals that both local
firms and multinational corporations apply the same set of talent attraction practices at the operational
level. However, only a few foreign companies use a strategic approach for the creation
of external and internal talent pools which help them to quickly react to disruptive changes. The
article contributes to existing research in two ways. First, it develops the resource-based view
on talent management using the HR architecture framework and shows how talent attraction
systems enable companies to acquire various talent groups in order to improve the competitive
advantage. Second, this study explores talent attraction as a system on the strategic, policy and
practices levels, describing their similarities and differences in local companies and multinational
corporations.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: talent management

value: talent attraction

value: recruitment

value: talents

value: resource-based view


dc.contributor.author

value: Lazakovich, Dmitry N.

value: Guryev, Valentin V.

value: Khilchuk, Anton A.

value: Osadchiy, Andrey M.

value: Vlasenko, Sergey V.

value: Scherbak, Sergey G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lazakovich D. N., Guryev V. V., Khilchuk A. A., Osadchy A. M., Vlasenko S. V., Scherbak S. G. Case report of the left atrial appendage perforation during endovascular occlusion. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2022, vol. 17, issue 1, pp. 27–35.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In patients with ischemic stroke more than 17 % have atrial fibrillation. Oral anticoagulant
therapy is the main strategy for embolism prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation. In the
presence of contraindications, an alternative to anticoagulant therapy is isolation of the left
atrial appendage. The use of the left atrial appendage occluder is comparable in effectiveness
to the prevention of ischemic stroke using anticoagulant therapy. However, possible complications
arising from device implantation remain a limitation to the spread of this method.
The article presents a clinical observation of a 55-year-old patient who was admitted to the
hospital for a planned intervention — endovascular implantation of the Watchman device
(Boston Scientific, USA). The development of atrial fibrillation was induced by acute myocardial
infarction in 2016. In 2019, the patient underwent ischemic stroke in the territory of the
right middle cerebral artery. The indication for implantation was recurrent gastroduodenal
bleeding while taking oral anticoagulants. During the implantation stage, the delivery system
was dislocated into the pericardial cavity. In connection with the frolicking complication, a
decision was made to drain the pericardium with repositioning and subsequent implantation
of the Watchman to close the left atrial appendage defect. Despite the frolic complication, left
atrial appendage isolation was achieved. This prevented the development of massive hemopericardium
and cardiac tamponade. The patient fully returned to normal life and self-care,
the modified Rankin score was 190 days after the surgery. During the 10-month follow-up, the patient did not experience cardiovascular events and major bleeding, which indirectly indicates
the effectiveness of left atrial appendage occlusion, despite the developed complication.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 17; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: atrial fibrillation

value: left atrial appendage

value: Watchman

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Baranovsky, Andrey Yu.

value: Maslyanskiy, Alexey L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Baranovsky A. Yu., Maslyanskiy A. L. Dry protein composite mixture enriched with calcium of dairy origin, in the dietary treatment of certain diseases of the digestive system accompanied by malabsorption syndrome. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2022, vol. 17, issue 1, pp. 4–13.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of diet therapy with the inclusion of a
specialized food product of a dry protein composite mixture enriched with calcium of dairy
origin in patients with enteral malabsorption syndrome. 66 patients with various diseases of
the digestive system (chronic atrophic gastritis, condition after gastric resection, chronic pancreatitis,
etc.), aged 47 to 79 years, were examined. All patients were divided into 2 groups: the
study group (40 patients) and the control group (26 patients). All patients underwent comprehensive
treatment according to the profile of their underlying disease, as well. Medical nutrition
was prescribed according to the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
#330 2003 with the inclusion of 27 g of a dry protein composite mixture according to the order
of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation #395n 2013. For the patients of the study
group, dry protein composite mixture was enriched with 1.85 g of calcium of dairy origin.
The duration of treatment is 12 weeks. In patients of the study group, in comparison with the
control group, all clinical signs of statistically significantly improved, the absorption function
of enterocytes was proved to be activated, the dynamics of recovery of metabolic disorders was
noted faster. Conclusion: it has been shown for the first time that the use of calcium-enriched
dry protein composite mixture of dairy origin as part of the dietary program of complex therapy
of patients with malabsorption syndrome significantly improves the functional state of the
small intestine, provides rapid dynamics of regression of the malabsorption syndrome clinic
and metabolic disorders of the patients’ body.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: malabsorption syndrome in diseases of the digestive system

value: diet therapy


dc.contributor.author

value: de Carvalho, Jozélio Freire

dc.identifier.citation

value: De Carvalho J. F. Simultaneous sacroiliitis and symphysitis pubis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2022, vol. 17, issue 1, pp. 63–65.


dc.contributor.author

value: Kotrova, Anna D.

value: Shishkin, Alexandr N.

value: Pchelin, Ivan Yu.

value: Hudiakova, Natalia V.

value: Gladyshev, Nikita S.

value: Ermolenko, Elena I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kotrova A. D., Shishkin A. N., Pchelin I. Yu., Hudiakova N. V., Gladyshev N. S., Ermolenko E. I. Changes in the gut bacteria composition associated with metabolic syndrome. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2022, vol. 17, issue 1, pp. 14–26.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Obesity, arterial hypertension, disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which form the
metabolic syndrome, remain the leading risk factors for the development of cardiovascular complications
and oncological diseases. Overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle leading to the metabolic
syndrome formation are also interconnected with another potential pathogenetic factor of
obesity, the gut microbiota. The study of its composition, as well as its metabolites, can serve as
a basis for predicting metabolic disorders and for the development of an integrated approach to
the metabolic syndrome treatment using probiotic therapy. The clinical assessment of the gut
microbiota composition in patients with MS was carried out to identify bacterial taxa potentially
associated with the development of MS. Materials (feces) were collected from 113 patients: the
first group (n = 59) consisted of overweight patients (body mass index > 25.0) with metabolic disorders
in the form of lipid and/or carbohydrate disorders (the average age 44 years). The control
group (n = 54) consisted of patients with normal body weight (18.5 < body mass index < 25.0),
without metabolic disorders, without arterial hypertension (the average age — 38 years). Fecal
samples from patients were studied using 16S rRNA gene sequencing on the Illumina platform
(MiSeq sequencer). The CDHIT-OTU-Miseq program was used to search for taxonomic units.
Deoxyribonucleic acid libraries were prepared using the Illumina Nextera sample preparation
kit with deoxyribonucleic acid primers corresponding to the V3–V4 regions of the 16S rRNA
gene. In the gut microbiota composition of patients with metabolic syndrome we can highlight
the phylum Actinobacteria, its 2 genera Actynomyces spp. and Bifidobacterium spp., as well as
the genus Prevotella spp. and the class Gammaproteobacteria. It is assumed that bacterial species
belonging to these type, class, and genera can be considered as potential marker bacteria of the
metabolic syndrome.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under research
project no. 20-315-90106.

value: gut microbiota

value: metabolic syndrome

value: obesity

value: 16s rRNA

value: Actinobacteria

value: Bifidobacterium


dc.contributor.author

value: Zubritsky, Alexander N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zubritsky A. N. About the pathologist-morphometrist Georgy Gerasimovich Avtandilov. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2022, vol. 17, issue 1, pp. 53–62.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article shows the life and creative path of Georgy Gerasimovich Avtandilov, the outstanding
domestic pathologist-morphometrist, who for the first time created the Soviet school of quantitative
pathological anatomy. A Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian
Academy of Natural Sciences, Honored Doctor of Kabardino-Balkaria, Honored Scientist
of the RSFSR and the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Avtandilov was born in the town of Kizlyar.
After graduating from high school, he entered the Novocherkassk Industrial Institute, but
in his second year of studies he was called up to serve in the Workers-Peasant Red Army in the
town on the Bialystok ledge of the border, where in 1941 he was captured and held in the Lamsdorf
concentration camp almost until the end of the war, having gone through a living hell. After
the end of the war and the end of the North Ossetian Medical Institute, the fate of G. G. Avtandilov
developed in such a way that the choice was made for life in favor of pathological anatomy.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 17; Issue 1

value: Georgy Gerasimovich Avtandilov

value: Great Patriotic War

value: scientist

value: educator

value: pathologist-morphometrist

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shilova, Еkaterina А.

value: Levanchuk, Alexander V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shilova Е. А., Levanchuk А. V. Disinfectants based on polyhexamethylene guanidine for use in underground space. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2022, vol. 17, issue 1, pp. 36–42.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of preparations used for reducing the
risk associated with biological agents, which may cause diseases in humans, as well as biological
destruction of materials and biofouling of different equipment. In course of selecting
disinfectants it is possible and necessary to combine such actual requirements as high level of
ecological compatibility and economical feasibility. Preparations on the basis of PHMG completely
comply with these requirements. Therein domestic preparations, that do not concede
by quality to foreign ones, are proposed for users in convenient forms and concentrations.
Their application in underground spaces permits to reduce risk to health of underground
workers and to prevent biodeterioration of working zone.

dc.subject

value: biological agents

value: disinfectants

value: working area

value: risk of biofouling


dc.contributor.author

value: Arshukova, Irina L.

value: Dugina, Tatiana A.

value: Akulin, Igor M.

value: Dobretsova, Elena A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Arshukova I. L., Dugina T. A., Akulin I. M., Dobretsova E. A. Shortage of doctors in remote and sparsely populated areas: Ways to improve the situation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2022, vol. 17, issue 1, pp. 43–52.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A shortage of physicians and a rural-urban imbalance in the distribution of health professionals
are widespread problems nowadays. Medical graduates are considered as a next generation
of doctors, but many of them do not choose medical career after graduation, particularly in the
regions with low population density and severe climate. This study was conducted to find possible
options to prevent further shortage of primary care physicians in remote areas based on the
medical graduates’ opinions, and search the factors that influence their decision to work in practical
medicine positively. A cross-sectional study provided full coverage of 720 final year medical
students using an anonymous questionnaire in Krasnoyarsk, Russia. Data were analyzed using
SPSS Version 22 by the following methods: descriptive statistics, decision trees analysis, and
χ2-test. Most of the graduates reported their intension to work in practical medicine after graduation.
Less than half of the participants considered an opportunity to work in rural hospitals. The
main motivating factors to work there were increase in salary, better working conditions and
hospital equipment, and free housing. Students who more inclined to work in rural hospitals
mostly came from rural areas, live in dormitory or rental housing, and have an employer-sponsored
type of education. An appropriate comprehensive admission process to medical schools,
including personality tests and adequate government support for medical university applicants,
as well as offers of special conditions of work for young specialists in rural hospitals, could be
significant steps to improve the shortage of doctors in remote areas.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 38; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: health planning

value: rural health

value: students

value: primary care


dc.contributor.author

value: Marmol Fundora, Elieser

dc.identifier.citation

value: Marmol Fundora E. (2022). Transformation of the spatial structure of crop production of Cuba at the end of 20th — beginning of 21st century. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), 114–137. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.107 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Despite the fact that agriculture is one of the oldest economic activities, this industry is constantly
in the process of transformation and the speed of these changes is growing. However,
these transformations are taking place in diverse ways in different countries and regions
of the Earth. The article examines changes in Cuban agriculture that occurred after 1990 in
connection with the collapse of the USSR. The disappearance of the Soviet Union from the
political map of the world was not the only reason for the beginning of transformations in the
Cuban economy, but it became a trigger for reforms in all sectors of the national economic
complex. As a starting point for the study, the development of the agricultural sector of Cuba
until 1990 was analyzed and the principles of economic policy implemented in the country to
overcome the crisis that arose in the industry in the 1990s. The article examines changes in the
spatial specialization of crop production in Cuba in recent decades, for which the Localization
coefficients of the cultivated areas. This coefficient was calculated for the main agricultural
crops (sugar cane, bananas, citrus fruits, fruits, rice, short-cycle food crops and forage crops)
and their dynamics for period 1989–2016. Since 1990, there has been a diversification of agriculture
in Cuba with an increase in the importance of food crops. According to the results
of the study, it can be concluded that the changes that have occurred in the structure of sown
areas and their territorial distribution are associated with the need to provide the population
of Cuba with food. This led to a reduction in the cultivation of export crops and changes in the
specialization of agricultural production at the level of provinces.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: agriculture

value: crop production

value: coefficient of localization of cultivated areas

value: land use

value: territorial changes

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Danshin, Alexander I.

value: Radikevich, Andrey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Danshin, A. I., Radikevich, A. V. (2022). The method of economic-geographic profiling of agriculture for territories with contrasting indicators of development. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), 97–113. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.106 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This work explores spatial differentiation of agriculture and the identification of the existing
differentiation in a territory where there are contrasts in economic development as a whole
and of the agricultural sector in a particular industry. The method of economic-geographic
profiling for the Inter-capital region (along the line of the Minsk-Moscow profile) was used,
and dynamics for the last 10 years were investigated. Approaches are proposed for the use of
profiling to identify possible growth centers that can become drivers of agricultural development,
as well as depressed areas that need to be developed primarily with the help of various
instruments of interethnic and regional policy. The most important role in the development
of depressed areas can be played by agriculture, which is characterized by short production
cycles and the ability to quickly introduce innovations that inevitably arise in cross-border
cooperation due to the flow of knowledge and technology, and exchange of experience and
cooperation. Because of the profile, two emerging territorial agrarian clusters in Belarus were
identified. Also, quantitatively and qualitatively, the gap at the level of agricultural development
between the two states was highlighted, which turned out to be more significant than
expected (for some product categories by more than an order of magnitude). Profiling for
different time periods includes main trends in agricultural development of the Intercapital Region:
gravitation of agriculture towards the centers of districts (agropolisation), polarization
and the outrunning development of the Russian sector in recent years of the import substitution
policy. With this influence of the capitals of the two countries and capacious consumer
markets, the formation of high-intensity suburban agriculture is not shown at this stage. The
absence of the influence of the inter-capital situation for the peripheral territories of Belarus
and Russia is shown.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Competition
of joint Russian-Belarusian scientific projects 20-55-00002 Bel_a “Intercapital as a factor of socio-economic
development of the Russian-Belarusian borderlands”, implemented at Smolensk State University and
Belarusian State University (Minsk).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: profiling

value: Union State

value: inter-capital territories

value: depressed regions


dc.contributor.author

value: Soloviev, Ivan A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Soloviev, I. A. (2022). Dynamics of intraregional features of migration of the population of the Stavropol Territory. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), 156–180. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.109 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Using official statistics, this article carries out an historical and geographical analysis of factors
and trends of migration processes of the population of the Stavropol Territory over the
past 60 years in order to identify intra-regional features of population migration (at the level
of cities and districts). The main research tools are analytical, cartographic, historical reconstruction,
statistical, comparative geographical, and comparative historical methods. The
study also used scientific literature, archival statistical data from the North Caucasus Statistical
Service, and materials from a sociological survey. The time period according to characteristics
of factors, trends, and forms of population migration in Russia was divided into three
parts: the last three Soviet decades (1963–1991); forced migration (1992–2000); and contemporary
(2001–2019). The study revealed the transformation of population migration at each
of the considered periods. The article focuses on identifying dynamics of coefficients of migration
growth in cities and districts of the Stavropol Territory at different periods. The main
regularity of the intraregional features of population migration in the Stavropol Territory is a gradual increase in the area of territories with negative migration performance, which was
natural for agro-industrial Stavropol in the conditions of the classical stage of urbanization,
and which was characterized by significant migrations of the rural population to cities. This
pattern was interrupted in the 1990s, when stress factors were at work, and the opposite trend
was noted. However, in the contemporary period, the growth of cities and regions with a
migration decline has become a defining trend. Today, only territories included in the Stavropol
and Caucasian Mineral Waters urban agglomerations have migration attractiveness in
the Stavropol Territory. Thus, in the contemporary period there has been an increase in the
importance of the position of territories in the “core-semi-periphery-periphery” system, as
well as an increase in the socio-economic spatial polarization of Russia and its regions. The
revealed patterns and tendencies of migration processes in the Stavropol Territory “fit” into
the broad context of V. Zelinsky’s theory of mobile transition, which is natural in the context
of the change of the industrial era with a post-industrial society.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
in the framework of the scientific project No. 20-05-00386 A.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: spatial and temporal features migrations

value: migration processes of the population

value: Stavropol Territory


dc.contributor.author

value: Kryukov, Vitaly A.

value: Golubeva, Еlena I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kryukov, V. A., Golubeva, Е. I. (2022). Elk Island (Losinyi Ostrov) national park: transformation of regulations in urban environment. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), 181–198. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.110 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
To take into account both ecosystem and socio-economic functions, it is necessary to carry out
functional zoning of specially protected natural areas. The dynamics of zoning of the Losiny
Ostrov National Park from 1988 to 2012 was assessed from the position of environmental
regimes using open-access data. Using GIS technologies, the estimated dynamic schemes of
environmental restrictions were obtained. The tendency to easing regulations clearly exists:
the weighted average dynamic parameter of environmental value is –3.27 (possible values
vary from –20 to 20). The 2012 version established stronger transformations of environmental
restrictions than in 2010 (dynamic indicators are –0.62 and –2.65, respectively). The greatest
negative changes for natural complexes are associated with the allocation of a historical and
cultural zone, the transformation of third-party user sites into economic zones, the expansion
of the recreational zone, and the disappearance of the educational and excursion zone.
Differences between Moscow city and the adjacent Moscow region are negligible. However,
there is considerable disparity between current zoning of urban and regional parts of the
park (restriction indicators are 7.41 and 12.17, respectively). Urban space is more oriented
towards recreation, indicating an incompatibility with the status of a national park. In contrast
to the outer 1000-meter belt, the central part of the park has had greater deterioration of
nature restrictions. The weighted average indicator of ecosystem compliance (environmental
restrictions and vulnerability of natural complexes) is 3.3 (possible values range from –20 to
20), which points to a sufficient level of compliance with the functional zoning of landscape
vulnerability. This accordance is more typical of inner part of the park inner and territories
within the boundary of Moscow.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was performed according to the Development program of the Interdisciplinary
Scientific and Educational School of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University «Future Planet and Global
Environmental Change» and State program of Department of Environmental Management «Sustainable
development of territorial nature management systems».

value: protected areas

value: green infrastructure

value: Losinyi Ostrov

value: Moscow

value: urban ecology

value: spatial planning

value: zoning

value: geographic information systems

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Pavlov, Vladimir E.

value: Pasenko, Aleksandr M.

value: Dronov, Andrey V.

value: Chernyshov, Sergey P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pavlov, V. E., Pasenko, A. M., Dronov, A. V., Chernyshov, S. P. (2022). Paleomagnetism of the Ordovician section of the Mishina Gora (Pskov oblast): a record of the ancient geomagnetic field and restrictions on the age of the Mishinogorsk explosive structure. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.101

dc.description.abstract

value:
Paleomagnetic studies of the Ordovician rocks of the Mishina Gora explosive structure
(Gdovsky district, Pskov region) have been carried out. Based on the results of thermal
magnetic cleaning, two stable magnetization components S and P have been identified.
These components have similar unblocking temperature ranges (~200–600°C), but their
mean directions are statistically different the difference of their mean directions are statistically
significant. Refional fold test indicates the postfolding age of the component S and
prefolding age of the component P. Prefolding age of the latter is supported by the positive result of the local fold-test which has been carried out in the scale of the studied section.
Comparison of the paleomagnetic pole calculated from the S component with the Apparent
Polar Wander Path for the East European Platform definitely indicates the Late Permian-
Early Triassic age of this component, which, in combination with the available geological
observations, determines the time range of the formation of the Mishina Gora structure as
~370–250 million years ago. The ancient component of the magnetization P has the same
direction as the components, which have been identified earlier in a number of coeval sections
of the North-West of Russia, Estonia, and Scandinavia and which have been considered
to be primary. The corresponding paleomagnetic poles are widely used in Paleozoic
geodynamic and tectonic paleoreconstructions with the participation of the Baltic paleocontinent.
A positive fold test result for the P component validates the use of these poles
for paleoreconstructions. For the stratigraphic interval, which includes the upper Floian,
Dapinian, and lower 2/3 of the Darrivilian stages, a magnetostratigraphic section has been
constructed containing a single magnetozone corresponding to the reverse polarity of the
geomagnetic field. Thus, the magnetostratigraphic data do not support the hypothesis of the
existence of intervals of normal polarity within the Ordovician geomagnetic superchron of
reverse polarity (Moyero superchron).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 20-17-00198 (sampling,
analysis and interpretation of data) and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian
Federation under contract No. 14.Y26.31.0029 within the framework of the implementation of the Decree
of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 220 (preparation of the article).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Ordovician superchron

value: paleomagnetism

value: Mishina Gora

value: Moyero superchron

value: Ordovician


dc.contributor.author

value: Zdorovennova, Galina E.

value: Golosov, Sergei D.

value: Palshin, Nikolai I.

value: Zverev, Ilya S.

value: Efremova, Tatiana V.

value: Terzhevik, Arkady Yu.

value: Zdorovennov, Roman E.

value: Bogdanov, Sergei R.

value: Fedorova, Irina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zdorovennova, G. E., Golosov, S. D., Palshin, N. I., Zverev, I. S., Efremova, T. V., Terzhevik, A. Yu., Zdorovennov, R. E., Bogdanov, S. R., Fedorova I. V. (2022). Winter thermal and ice regimes of small Karelian lakes against the background of regional climatic variability. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), 138–155. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.108 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article investigates regularities of thermal and ice regimes of three small lakes of Karelia
under current climatic conditions. Data of measurements of water temperature at autonomous
stations and results of numerical calculations of the dates of ice-on and ice-off and the
thickness of ice in these lakes using the one-dimensional parameterized model FLake in the
anomalously warm winter season of 2019–2020 are analyzed. Data obtained are compared
with long-term values over 1994–2019. The dates of the ice-on and ice-off on the lakes were
quite close; however, on two larger lakes, intermediate ice destruction was observed at the
beginning of winter, due to which the duration of the ice season differed between lakes by
two weeks. The winter months of 2019–2020 were 6.4–9.4 °C warmer than the baseline, which
was reflected in a noticeably smaller ice thickness on the lakes compared to previous years of
measurements (40–48 cm at the end of March 2020 compared to the values in mid-April in
1994–2004 — 65–85 cm and in 2005–2018 — 50–65 cm). The decrease in ice thickness contributed
to an early onset (mid-March) and long duration (more than five weeks) of spring
subglacial convection. The model calculation, taking into account the atmospheric impact
based on the ERA-5 re-analysis, reproduced the main features of the ice regime of the lakes,
including the intermediate destruction of ice at the beginning of winter on two larger lakes.
Significant regression relationships have been obtained between the dates of ice-on and ice-off
on Lake Vendyurskoe, the dates of the onset and duration of spring under-ice convection, and
the characteristics of the regional climate of southern Karelia (air temperature and the number
of days with thaw in winter and spring months) for 1994–2020. The relationship between the
dates of ice-on and the water temperature in the lake in winter is shown.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Northern water
problems Institute, Federal Research Center "Karelian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
The expeditionary research was carried out with the financial support of the RFBR grant No. 18-05-60291
“Adaptation of the Arctic limnosystems to rapid climate change”.

dc.subject

value: water temperature

value: ice regime

value: climate variability

value: small lakes

value: under-ice convection

value: FLake model


dc.contributor.author

value: Logvina, Elizaveta A.

value: Krylov, Aleksey A.

value: Matveeva, Tatyana V.

value: Maksimov, Fedor E.

value: Kuznetsov, Vladislav Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Logvina, E. A., Krylov, A. A., Matveeva, T. V., Maksimov, F. E., Kuznetsov, V. Yu. (2022). Authigenesis of carbonates in the deposits of the gas-hydrate-bearing structure of the CHAOS (Sea of Okhotsk). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), 50–73. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.103 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents the results of studies of authigenic carbonates sampled in the near-surface
sediments of the gas-hydrate-bearing CHAOS structure located on the western slope of
the Deryugin Basin in the Sea of Okhotsk. Carbonates were at different stages of formation,
the most common morphological forms of which were concretions. Microscopic studies have
shown that the concretions are formed by pelitomorphic carbonate cementing the terrigenous
clay-clastic matrix and organic detritus. According to X-ray phase analysis, the dominant
mineral composing nodules is cryptocrystalline high-Mg calcite (14.2–16.9 mol % Mg). Based
on the geochemical modeling the intervals of the sediments with favorable conditions for
the formation of basic carbonate minerals (aragonite, calcite, and dolomite) were identified.
Almost over the entire area of the structure, the formation of carbonates occurs at more than
1m and up to 5m sub-bottom depths. In the central part of the structure (station LV31–27GC)
the formation of carbonates is also possible in the upper part of the sedimentary section —
from 0 to 1.5 m. On the basis of balance calculations of the δ13C isotopes content in nodules,
the contribution of the main carbon sources involved in their formation was estimated. These
sources turned out to be organic matter and microbial methane in a ratio of 67.5 : 32.5. It was
found that the conversion of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate ion occurs under conditions of
early diagenesis due to the interaction of the fluid with aluminosilicates. Calculations of the
isotopic composition of pore waters (the main source of oxygen in carbonates) and paleotemperatures
indicate crystallization of carbonates at low (close to 0 °C) temperatures. Based
on 230Th/U-dating of carbonates, the age of the studied unloading source was determined as ~3.5 thousand years. It was found that the CHAOS structure is one of the “youngest” on the
northeastern slope of the Sakhalin Island.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 19-17-00226 «Reconstruction
of the mechanisms of the formation of problematic authigenic carbonates in diagenetic and catagenetic
environments associated with the generation / oxidation of hydrocarbons».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: authigenic carbonates

value: diagenesis

value: source of fluid discharge

value: gas hydrates

value: methane

value: organic matter

value: isotope analysis

value: dating

value: hydrochemical modeling

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ezimova, Yuliya E.

value: Udoratin, Valeriy V.

value: Magomedova, Aleksandra Sh.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ezimova, Yu. E., Udoratin, V. V., Magomedova, A. Sh. (2022). Patterns of manifestation of faults of the Pechora-Kolvinsky aulacogen in the radon field. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), pp. 20–49. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.102 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents results of an express radon survey on the territory of the Pechora-Kozhvinsky
and Kolvinsky megswells, which are part of the Pechora-Kolvinsky aulacogen. Radon
studies were carried out along profiles across the large structure-forming faults, identified on
the basis of seismic data. The results show that faults in the radon field correspond to areas with
increased values of the radon volumetric activity. In the course of radon studies, main patterns
of the manifestation of faults in the radon field were established. The faults may correspond to
the maxima of volume activity of radon against the background of low values or to zones with a
minimum concentration of radon. In addition, areas with abnormal radon concentrations not
associated with known fractures were identified. The systems faults are characterized by wider
radon anomalies or alternation of maxima and minima of radon volumetric activity along the
profile. The maximum radon concentration is recorded in the fault zones that are closest to the
surface, as well as in faults along which large amplitudes of vertical displacements are noted.
Similar levels of radon concentration are observed within the normal faults and thrust faults,
covered by sedimentary rocks. Most of the studied faults, according to the relative indicator of
radon activity, belong to the group of high radon activity. The concentration of radon in the soil
air within the faults varies both in the transverse and longitudinal directions. In some areas,
the radon volumetric activity of at the same level at different times. This proves the existence
of a constant radon flux. The main factors affecting the formation, transport to the surface, and
accumulation of radon in the soil are the composition and depth of the basement, the internal
structure of fault zones, the degree of porosity and fracturing of rocks and modern geodynamics
of the region. Thus, radon survey as an additional method to other geophysical methods can be
used to map faults and identify various blocks that differ in fluid-geochemical features.

dc.subject

value: Pechora-Kolvinsky aulacogen

value: faults

value: radon volumetric activity

value: geophysical fields

value: Baikal basement


dc.contributor.author

value: Petrakova, Marina E.

value: Terentiev, Roman A.

value: Yurchenko, Anastasia V.

value: Savko, Konstantin A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petrakova, M. E., Terentiev, R. A., Yurchenko, A. V., Savko, K. A. (2022). Geochemistry and geochronology of quartz monzogabbro-monzodiorite-granodiorites of the Potudan pluton (Volga- Don orogen). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (1), 74–96. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.105 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article presents new and summaries of previously published geochemical and geochronological
data on rocks of the Potudan pluton and host granitoids of the Kholhol-Repyevka batholith
in the central part of the Don Terrane (DT) of Volga-Don orogen. The host granitoids
of the Khokhol-Repyevka batholith are assigned to the Pavlovsk granitoid complex, which is
widespread in the southern part of the DT. The studied Potudan pluton rocks are differentiated
from quartz monzogabbro to granodiorites. They are ferroan, meta-aluminous, and the
K2O content displays their relationship to the shoshonite series. For the intrusive complexes
of the Don terrane, it is assumed that an enriched heterogeneous source with high contents
of alkalis, large-scale lithophile elements and light rare earth elements is involved, the mantle
component is confirmed by increased of MgO, Cr, Ni, Ti, as well as high Sr/Y ratios, (La/Yb)N,
(Dy/Yb)N, indicating the deep origin of magmas. The source heterogeneity could have been
provided by subduction events about 2.1 Ga. The U-Pb zircon age of crystallization of the
Potudan pluton rocks (using the SHRIMP II instrument) is 2061 ± 5.4 Ma and corresponds
to the postcollision event in the junction zone of the Sarmatiа and Volga-Uralia segments of
the East European Craton. Association of Potudan rocks with Pavlovsk granitoids in time and
space and also morphological features of zircon from various types of rock suites prove the
effect of hybridization process during crystallization of the composite batholith. The new data
make it possible to expand our understanding of the evolution of crust of the Don Terrane and
geodynamic regims of its formation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The studies were supported by the research project IGGD RAS No. FMUW-2022-0002 of the
Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 1

value: Volga-Don orogen

value: paleoproterozoic

value: shoshonitic magmatism

value: enriched source

value: post-collision tectonic setting


dc.contributor.author

value: Lobov, Arseniy

value: Malashicheva, Anna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lobov, A. and Malashicheva, A. 2022. Osteogenic differentiation: a universal cell program of heterogeneous mesenchymal cells or a similar extracellular matrix mineralizing phenotype? Bio. Comm. 67(1): 32–48. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.104

dc.description.abstract

value:
Despite the popularity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), many fundamental
aspects of their physiology still have not been understood. The information accumulated
to date argues that MSCs from different sources vary in their differentiation
potential and, probably, in molecular mechanisms of trilineage
differentiation. Therefore, this review consists of two parts. Firstly, we focus
on the data on inter- and intra-source variation of MSCs. We discuss in detail
MSC variation at the single-cell level and direct omics comparison of MSCs
from four main tissue sources: bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord
and tooth. MSCs from all tissues represent heterogeneous populations in vivo
with sub-populational structures reflecting their functional role in the tissue.
After in vitro cultivation MSCs lose their natural heterogeneity, but obtain a
new one, which might be regarded as a cultivation artifact. Nevertheless, MSCs
from various sources still keep their functional differences after in vitro cultivation.
In the second part of the review, we discuss how these differences influence
molecular mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation. We highlight at least
one subtype of mesenchymal cells differentiation with matrix mineralization —
odontoblastic differentiation. We also discuss differences in molecular mechanisms
of pathological heterotopic osteogenic differentiation of valve interstitial
and tumor cells, but these assumptions need additional empirical confirmation.
Finally, we observe differences in osteogenic differentiation molecular
mechanisms of several MSC types and argue that this differentiation might be
influenced by the cell context. Nevertheless, bone marrow and adipose MSCs
seem to undergo osteogenic differentiation similarly, by the same mechanisms.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by
the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(project No. 20-14-50535).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 1

value: mesenchymal stem cells

value: osteogenic differentiation

value: MSCs

value: MSC heterogeneity

value: scRNA-seq

value: cell differentiation

value: systems biology

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Simonov, Sergey

value: Matantseva, Maria

dc.identifier.citation

value: Simonov, S. and Matantseva, M. 2022. Bird summer distribution patterns on islands in Onega Bay, White Sea. Bio. Comm. 67(1): 19–31. https://doi. org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.103

dc.description.abstract

value:
We studied avian populations and distribution patterns on 20 islands in Onega
Bay, White Sea, with transect surveys completed to register selected biotic and
abiotic factors in July 2020. Bird population densities proved to be the highest
on small secluded islands rarely visited by humans and on treeless islands. We
also found positive correlations between the species richness and the island
size, presence of woody vegetation, and human visitation. It is noteworthy that
although human interference can cause species diversity on the islands to increase,
the relative abundance of birds declined. Furthermore, species diversity
increased due to the arrival of species atypical of this region and, hence,
lacking the complete set of requisite adaptations. Further human pressure on
the islands can eventually destabilise their avifaunal complexes and aggravate
the current transformation of northern communities in response to climate
change.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The analytical component of the
study was done under state orders to KarRC
RAS 0218-2019-0080 and FMEN-2022-
0003. Fieldwork was carried out under the
Integrated World Ocean Research Program
using the research vessel Ecolog, owned by
KarRC RAS, as the base.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: birds

value: White Sea

value: bird distribution

value: species composition

value: environmental factors


dc.contributor.author

value: Berezina, Ekaterina

value: Giljov, Andrey

value: Karenina, Karina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Berezina, E., Giljov, A., and Karenina, K. 2022. Olfactory lateralization in non-human mammals: a mini-review. Bio. Comm. 67(1): 49–56. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.105

dc.description.abstract

value:
The asymmetric use of nostrils and few contralateral projections in olfactory
neural pathways allow us to suppose the dominance of one hemisphere in the
processing of various odours in non-human mammals. Although olfaction is
the most important sensory domain for many mammals, lateralization of this
sense is poorly studied in this group of animals, and the existing limited knowledge
is based on experiments on laboratory and domestic mammals. Here we
review the most important studies in this developing field, with an emphasis
on the methods used. Most of the recent studies indicate the dominance of the
right hemisphere in the processing of social and aversive odours and analysis
of familiarity of the olfactory stimuli. Dominance of the left hemisphere was
found only in a form of a slight trend in the perception of food odour. Almost
all existing results on olfactory lateralization are in line with the well-studied
patterns of visual lateralization. However, further focused investigations are
needed to confirm this consistency. Studies on a wider range of species and
stimuli will help to get a better understanding of the relative hemispheric roles
in olfactory perception.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by
the Russian Science Foundation (grant
No. 19‑14-00119).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: olfactory lateralization

value: nostril use

value: sensory lateralization

value: brain asymmetry

value: mammals


dc.contributor.author

value: Litvinovich, Andrey

value: Pavlova, Olga

value: Lavrishchev, Anton

value: Bure, Vladimir

value: Saljnikov, Elmira

dc.identifier.citation

value: Litvinovich, A., Pavlova, O., Lavrishchev, A., Bure, V., and Saljnikov, E. 2022. Dynamics of weight loss of dolomite dropouts at different stages of dissolution in Albic Retisol. Bio. Comm. 67(1): 3–11. https:// doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.101

dc.description.abstract

value:
In a laboratory experiment in 2020, the dynamics of the decrease in mass of
large particles of dolomite dropouts in acidic Albic Retisol was established. Dolomite
dropouts were collected from the landfill of a road construction factory.
The results of the laboratory experiment showed that after 114 days of composting,
the loss of dolomite mass ranged from 8.7 to 34.2 % of its initial content.
The loss of mass of particles during composting from 114 to 224 days
slowed down and fluctuated, depending on the variant, from 2.2 to 5.1 % of the
initial mass of dolomite. The mechanism of weathering was considered and the
factors enhancing the rate of dissolution of dolomite dropouts in the soil were
revealed. Linear empirical dependencies of the rate of dissolution of dolomite
in soil at different stages of the experiment were developed. Clustering of the
developed models was carried out according to the absolute values of the rate
of decrease in the mass of particles in the vessels. When selecting the dose
of application of large particles of dolomite for reclamation of acidic soils and
duration of their action, it is recommended to take into account the duration of
time the dolomite spent in the landfill.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Preparation of this paper was
supported by the Ministry of Education,
Science and Technological Development of
the Republic of Serbia (contract No. 451-03-
9/2021-14/2000/1).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: dolomite

value: particle size

value: dissolution rate

value: weathering

value: dump, clustering

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shcherbinina, Veronika

value: Vaido, Alexander

value: Khlebaeva, Diana

value: Dyuzhikova, Natalia

value: Daev, Eugene

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shcherbinina, V., Vaido, A., Khlebaeva, D., Dyuzhikova, N., and Daev, E. 2022. Genome response of hippocampal cells to stress in male rats with different excitability of the nervous system. Bio. Comm. 67(1): 12–18. https://doi. org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.102

dc.description.abstract

value:
Changes of genome stability in hippocampal cells of male rats with hereditary
high and low thresholds of nervus tibialis response to electric stimuli (HT and LT
strains, respectively) were studied in unstressed and stressed animals. HT and
LT originated from Wistar strain, males of which were also used as a control.
The comet assay was used after prolonged emotional painful stressor action.
There were no interstrain differences in the spontaneous percentage of DNA
in comet tails (tDNA). However, the prolonged emotional pain stressor induced
genome instability differently in animals of different strains. The highest level of
DNA damage in hippocampal cells was shown in highly sensitive animals of LT
strain. Males of Wistar strain had intermediate levels of tDNA, while HT animals
had the lowest stress reactivity.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This study was supported by
the State Program 47 GP “Scientific and
Technological Development of the Russian
Federation” (2019–2030), theme No. 0134-
2019-0002.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: DNA damage

value: comet assay

value: stress

value: hippocampus

value: nervous sensitivity

value: selection

value: rats

value: genome instability


dc.contributor.author

value: Siniukova, Vera

value: Galkina, Svetlana

value: Galkin, Alexey

dc.identifier.citation

value: Siniukova, V., Galkina, S., and Galkin, A. 2022. Thioflavin S binds nonamyloid protein structures in lampbrush chromosomes of Gallus gallus domesticus. Bio. Comm. 67(1): 57–62. https://doi. org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.106

dc.description.abstract

value:
Proteins that normally function in amyloid form are found in bacteria, yeast,
plants and vertebrates, including humans. In particular, amyloid fibrils and
amyloid-like structures are described in the germ cells of various organisms.
Recently we showed that in chicken oocytes there are some nuclear structures
that are stained by the amyloid-specific dye thioflavin S. Here we demonstrate
that thioflavin S binds giant terminal RNP aggregates in chicken lampbrush
chromosomes. However, these structures are not stained with Congo red and
conformation-dependent anti-amyloid antibodies. Thus, thioflavin S stains
chromosome-associated proteins that do not have amyloid properties. These
data indicate that thioflavin S must be used with caution when identifying new
functional and pathological amyloids.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by
the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(project No. 19-34-90082).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: amyloid

value: thioflavin S

value: Congo red

value: anti-amyloid antibodies

value: chicken

value: lampbrush chromosomes

dc.type

value: Article


title: Public security and police law in China

dc.contributor.author

value: Alexandre, Chitov

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chitov, Alexandre. 2022. Public security and police law in China. Pravovedenie 66 (1): 5–18. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2022.101

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Chinese police performs a wide spectrum of social functions. The first part of this paper
presents a daily routine of a district police station in the city of Kunming, Yunnan Province, and
the various social functions they perform. Mediation among members of the local community in
solving minor conflicts is one of the police’s main functions. Police officers are highly motivated
in their work. Their success is measured by the degree of satisfaction of their local community.
The methods of Chinese police are unique. Its force lies not so much in the extensiveness of
governmental control over the life of ordinary citizens as in the wide network of personal relationships
between the police and the members of the Chinese public. This network as well as
the variety of functions has a single ultimate goal: public security. The second part of the paper
examines the concept of public security in Chinese law. It is impossible to understand the whole
of the Chinese legal system in its dynamic without taking into account the normative importance
of the concept of public security or public order. In China, public order and public security
are synonymous. They are understood differently from the Western legal tradition. In the West,
public order is a delineation of freedom of private individuals to act pursuing their own interests.
It exists to secure the individual rights and liberties. In China, it is the condition for the stability,
greatness and prosperity of the Chinese nation. The third part of the paper examines the
relationship between public security and human rights. It is argued that the criticism of China
by the Western human rights activists fails to understand the Chinese perspective. The Chinese
police’s measures restricting individual freedoms should not be understood as the violation of
human rights, on the contrary, it is a protection of the majority’s essential right to public order.
The idea of public security in the work of Chinese police is not simply an ideological slogan, it
is an essential principle of the Chinese legal system which invigorates and innerves the work of
the Chinese police.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 66; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: China

value: police

value: public security

value: human rights

dc.title

value: Public security and police law in China


title: Chief editor's note

dc.contributor.author

value: Belov, Sergey

dc.identifier.citation

value: Belov, Sergey. 2022. Chief editor's note. Pravovedenie 66 (1): 3–4.

dc.description.abstract

value: Chief editor's note

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University