dc.contributor.author

value: Iakushev, Viktor P.

value: Bure, Vladimir M.

value: Mitrofanova, Olga A.

value: Mitrofanov, Evgenii P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Iakushev V. P., Bure V. M., Mitrofanova O. A., Mitrofanov E. P. On the issue of semivariograms constructing automation for precision agriculture problems. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 177–185.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Most precision agriculture (PA) problems are based on assessing the variability of agroecological
parameters (differentiated fertilizer application, allocation of heterogeneous zones of
the agricultural field, etc.). In this connection, the study of the spatial structure of such data
using geostatistical methods seems to be a relevant and promising direction. To validate
the semivariogram model, determine its parameters, analyze anisotropy, and carry out other
stages of the experiment, a large number of numerical calculations are required. Manually all
these calculations are extremely difficult to perform, therefore, automation of these processes
is necessary. Most existing programs exclude certain actions that may be important in solving
PA problems (there is no possibility of studying anisotropy or spatial trend, the number of
theoretical variogram models, etc., is limited), and the use of programming languages (R,
Python, etc.) requires deep expertise. Therefore, there was a need to automate the solution
of a certain range of problems by geostatistical methods. For the implementation of the
module under consideration, it seems optimal to use the R programming language, which
has a number of significant advantages: open source code and free access, a large number of
supported and regularly updated packages, wide graphical capabilities, cross-platform, etc.
General suggestions for automating the construction of semivariograms are presented and
further use in solving a certain range of PA tasks.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant N 19-29-05184 mk).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: variogram analysis

value: precision agriculture

value: geostatistics

value: automation

value: programming language R

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Selikhovkin, Andrey V.

value: Drenkhan, Rein

value: Mandelshtam, Michail Yu.

value: Musolin, Dmitry L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Selikhovkin A. V., Drenkhan R., Mandelshtam M. Yu., Musolin D. L. (2020). Invasions of insect pests and fungal pathogens of woody plants into the northwestern part of European Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 263–283.

dc.description.abstract

value: Invasions of insects and fungi is a serious problem for the existence of woody plants in the northwest of the European part of Russia. The following species of moths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) that produce mines in the leaves of woody plants recently arrived in the region: Phyllonorycter issikii (feeding on lime), Cameraria ohridella (feeding on chestnut), and, likely, Acrocercops brongniardella (feeding on oak). Increasing average monthly temperatures during the growing season is a favorable factor which can promote the spread of pests and pathogens and increase their population density. The particularly warm season of 2018 likely contributed to the noticeable increase in the population density of the invasive mining moths as well as the adventive poplar mining moth Phyllonorycter populifoliella. Spreading species of stem-boring and bark beetles, as well as diseases associated with them, might be particularly dangerous; in particular, Scolytus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are involved in spreading Dutch elm disease (caused by Ophiostoma novo-ulmi). It has been demonstrated that hybrids of Oph. novo-ulmi are spread in the region and can be highly pathogenic. Emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is another serious potential aggressive invader. The northwestern border of its invasive range is currently in the environs of the city of Tver, but its arrival by highways, with transport or planting materials to the northwest of the European part of Russia is likely. The recent invasion of the ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus has already led to a noticeable deterioration of the condition of ash trees in Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region. The combined effect of the buprestid beetle A. planipennis and fungus H. fraxineus can have fatal consequences for ash. It is necessary to continue monitoring invasive species range dynamics and studying their adaptation to local conditions and the interaction of invasive insects with local and invasive woody plant pathogenic organisms.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The work is partly supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 17-04-01486-a for D. L. Musolin, grant no. 17-04-00360-a for M. Yu. Mandelshtam).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 65; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: invasive insects

value: woody plants

value: European part of Russia

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Morozova, Olga V.

value: Zhmylev, Pavel Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Morozova, O. V., Zhmylev, P. Yu. (2020). Taxonomic differentiation and functional homogenization of flora in the middle part of European Russia as a result of naturalization of alien species. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 284–302.

dc.description.abstract

value: Biological invasions triggered by human activity cause large-scale changes in the distribution of organisms, one of the consequences of which is biotic homogenization, revealed in varying ratios for different biotic groups. So far, there are not so many studies assessing the extent of this phenomenon for large areas. For the regions of the middle part of European Russia (ER), changes in the taxonomic and functional diversity of regional flora were analyzed, taking into account naturalized alien species. The Bray–Curtis index was used to quantify the changes in both taxonomic and functional dissimilarity in flora. As a measure of homogenization/ differentiation, we used the difference in similarity indices calculated for regional floras with the participation of naturalized species and only for indigenous ones. The functional diversity of flora is assessed by the type of species belonging to groups of life forms. Naturalized species increase the taxonomic diversity and differences of regional floras, which can be explained by differentiated naturalization depending on the climate. The differentiating effect weakens with increasing distance between the regions. However, an increase in the taxonomic difference of flora is accompanied by functional homogenization, which consists in increasing the proportions of annual/biennial and woody species and reducing the proportion of herbaceous perennials. Changes in taxonomic and functional similarities are interrelated, but proceed at different rates as a result of differences in the leading factors explaining the changes in these categories. Taxonomic diversity is determined by climate to a greater extent than functional diversity, while the ratio of life forms in the structure of flora is mainly associated with the diversity of habitats. Among the groups of biomorphs, annual/biennial species have the greatest homogenizing effect, and an increase in their share contributes not only to functional, but also to taxonomic homogenization.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was carried out within the state assignment of Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences (no. 0148-2019-0007).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: plants

value: alien species

value: naturalization

value: taxonomic and functional diversity

value: homogenization/differentiation of flora

value: life forms

value: European Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Belyaeva, Nadezhda G.

value: Sandlersky, Robert B.

value: Chernen’kova, Tatiana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Belyaeva, N. G., Sandlersky, R. B., Chernenkova, T. V. (2020). The landscape-forming role of relief in the formation of the forest composition in the southwestern part of Moscow Oblast. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 362–376.

dc.description.abstract

value: The forest cover of Moscow Oblast has been greatly changed due to the long history of agriculture and silviculture practice. As a result, the modern composition and spatial differentiation of types of forest communities do not completely depend on natural conditions, but in many respects on human activities. The question arises: did the natural landscape-forming factors persist in influencing the modern forests of the region? The role of relief in the formation of the composition of modern forest cover and differentiation of community types in the southwestern part of Moscow Oblast is estimated. Relief, being a key landscape-forming factor, determines the habitat conditions of forest communities. For lowland territories, the relationship between changes in the relief surface and forest composition has been little studied, although the terrain-dependent ecotope conditions have always been taken into account. In the paper, the relief forms are distinguished using classification of morphometric variables and are endowed with qualitative landscape characteristics. In the geomorphological region of the Klin-Dmitrov Range, five mesoforms of relief have been identified: the main surface of the watershed, the moraine hilly surface, troughs of glacier meltwaters, floodplains, and steep slopes of river valleys and streams. The interrelationship between the distribution of forest community types and relief mesoforms, which are represented by groups of associations of ecological-phytocenotic classification (16 syntaxons), is estimated. A cartographic analysis of the geobotanical map and the map of the relief mesoforms was carried out, and the occurrence of the type of forest community in the mesoform was statistically estimated. It was revealed that the spatial differentiation of half of the analyzed types of communities (groups of associations) depends on the surface forms of the relief, and the severely disturbed types of communities do not demonstrate confinement. For the first time on a statistical basis, the observations of previous researchers on the patterns of distribution of spruce and oak forests in the geomorphological region of the Klinsko-Dmitrov Ridge are confirmed.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported within the framework of the state-ordered research theme of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 0148-2019-0007 “Assessment of physiographic, hydrological and biotic environmental changes and their consequences for the creation of the foundations for sustainable environmental management" and supported by Russian Science Foundation (project
 no. 18-17-00129).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 65; Issue 2

value: Moscow region

value: digital mapping

value: relief mesoforms

value: eco-phytocoenotic classification

value: distribution pattern of forest community types

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Puzachenko, Michail Yu.

value: Chernenkova, Tatiana V.

value: Belyaeva, Nadezda G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Puzachenko, M. Yu., Chernenkova, T. V., Belyaeva, N. G. (2020). Joint analysis of field and remote data in assessing the structure and composition of forests for the western part of Moscow region. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 303–313.

dc.description.abstract

value: For the test area in the central part of the Russian Plain (the western sector of Moscow region), the results of a joint analysis of field research data, multispectral remote sensing data (MRSD) and a digital elevation model (DEM) are presented. An assessment of the organization and coenotic diversity of the forest cover of the territory has been carried out. A total of 38 syntaxons with the rank of association groups were identified based on relevés, using the ecological-phytocoenotic approach. The overall quality of discrimination of the selected units according to the relevés and species cover was 84.5 %. The relief characteristics were considered one of the main factors of the natural differentiation of forest cover. The source of information about the altitudes of the territory was the SRTM v.3 data, for which the relief characteristics (slopes, curvatures, illuminances) of various levels of hierarchical organization were calculated. The quality of discrimination of syntaxons based on the relief characteristics was 49.6 %. Landsat 5 and 8 images, as well as indices calculated based on spectral bands, were used as remote sensing data. The quality of the discriminant analysis in this case was 49.8 %. The quality of discrimination carried out in a joint analysis of the characteristics of relief and MRSD amounted to 64.6 % of the originally defined syntaxons. Thus, the sharing of information about the relief and MRSD improved the separation of the selected classes by 15 %. The map of typological diversity of the vegetation cover for the studied territory was calculated, which characterizes the spatial structure and composition of the forest cover of the studied region. The main characteristics of the relief, which together define the conditions of habitat and, largely, differentiate the considered groups of associations in space, are highlighted.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was carried out within the state assignment of Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences (no. 0148-2019-0007) and supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project
 no. 18-17-00129).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: MRSD

value: DEM

value: discriminant analysis

value: ground-based research

value: classification

value: typology of forests

value: mapping

value: forest cover


dc.contributor.author

value: Amirkhanova, Gulshat A.

value: Gorchakov, Andrei Y.

value: Duysenbaeva, Aigerim Z.

value: Posypkin, Michael A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Amirkhanova G.A., Gorchakov A.Y., Duysenbaeva A. J., Posypkin M.A. Multistart method with deterministic restart mechanism. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 100–111.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The work is devoted to the development and study of a method for solving global optimization
problems with interval constraints. The paper proposes a global optimization algorithm based
on a deterministic method of selecting starting points for local search methods. The starting
points are the extremum points of functions of one variable, obtained by restricting the
objective function to straight, collinear coordinate vectors. The effectiveness of the proposed
algorithm is demonstrated by the example of the problem of minimizing the energy of a
fragment of a flat crystal lattice. The energy of interatomic interaction is calculated using
the Tersoff potential. An experimental comparison is made of the developed algorithm with
the classical version of the multi-start method, in which pseudo-random points uniformly
distributed in the parallelepiped are used to select starting points. As a local search method,
in both cases, one of the modifications of the coordinate wise descent method is used. The
developed method can be applied to problems with an unknown analytical expression for an
objective function that is often encountered in practice.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was financially supported by the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education
and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (grant no. AP05133366).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 16; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: global optimization

value: multi-start method

value: fill sequences


dc.contributor.author

value: Aleksandrov, Alexander Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aleksandrov A. Yu. Permanence conditions for models of population dynamics with switches and delay. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 88–99.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Some classes of discrete and continuous generalized Volterra models of population dynamics
with parameter switching and constant delay are studied. It is assumed that there are
relationships of the type “symbiosis”, “compensationism” or “neutralism” between any two
species in a biological community. The goal of the work is to obtain sufficient conditions for the permanence of such models. Original constructions of common Lyapunov—Krasovsky
functionals are proposed for families of subsystems corresponding to the switched systems
under consideration. Using the constructed functionals, conditions are derived that guarantee
permanence for any admissible switching laws and any constant nonnegative delay. These
conditions are constructive and are formulated in terms of the existence of a positive solution
for an auxiliary system of linear algebraic inequalities. It should be noted that, in the
proved theorems, the persistence of the systems is ensured by the positive coefficients of
natural growth and the beneficial effect of populations on each other, whereas the ultimate
boundedness of species numbers is provided by the intraspecific competition. An example is
presented demonstrating the effectiveness of the developed approaches.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant N 19-01-00146-a).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: population dynamics

value: permanence

value: ultimate boundedness

value: switches

value: delay

value: Lyapunov— Krasovskii functional

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shuvalov, Gleb M.

value: Vakaeva, Alexandra B.

value: Shamsutdinov, Denis A.

value: Kostyrko, Sergey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shuvalov G. M., Vakaeva A. B., Shamsutdinov D. A., Kostyrko S. A. The effect of nonlinear terms in boundary perturbation method on stress concentration near the nanopatterned bimaterial interface. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 165–176.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Based on the Gurtin—Murdoch surface/interface elasticity theory, the article investigates
the effect of nonlinear terms in the boundary perturbation method on stress concentration
near the curvilinear bimaterial interface taking into account plane strain conditions. The
authors consider the 2D boundary value problem for the infinite two-component plane under
uniaxial tension. The interface domain is assumed to be a negligibly thin layer with the
elastic properties differing from those of the bulk materials. Using the boundary perturbation
method, the authors determined a semi-analytical solution taking into account non-linear
approximations. In order to verify this solution, the corresponding boundary value problem
was solved using the finite element method where the interface layer is modelled by the
truss elements. It was shown that the effect of the amplitude-to-wavelength ratio of surface
undulation on the stress concentration is nonlinear. This should be taken into account even
for small perturbations. It was also found that the convergence rate of the derived solution
increases with an increase in the relative stiffness coefficient of the bimaterial system and,
conversely, decreases with an increase of the amplitude-to-wavelength ratio.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project N 19-71-00062).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: bimaterial composites

value: nanomaterials

value: interface stress

value: 2D problem

value: boundary perturbation method

value: finite element method

value: size-effect

value: interface nano-asperities


dc.contributor.author

value: Babadzanjanz, Levon K.

value: Pototskaya, Irina Yu.

value: Pupysheva, Yulia Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Babadzanjanz L. K., Pototskaya I. Yu., Pupysheva Yu. Yu. Estimates for Taylor series method to linear total systems of PDEs. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 112–120.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A large number of differential equations can be reduced to polynomial form. As was shown in
a number of works by various authors, one of the best methods for the numerical solution of
the initial value problem for such ODE systems is the method of Taylor series. In this article
we consider the Cauchy problem for the total linear PDE system, and then — a theorem
about the accuracy of its solutions by this method is formulated and proved. In the final
part of the article, four examples of total systems of partial differential equations to the
well-known two-body problem are proposed: two of them are related to the Kepler equation,
one to the motion of a point in the orbit plane, and the last to the motion of the orbit plane.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 16; Issue 2

value: Taylor series method

value: total linear PDE system

value: polynomial system

value: numerical PDE system integration

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Tishchenko, Alexey A.

value: Sergeeva, Daria Yu.

value: Garaev, Damir I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tishchenko A. A., Sergeeva D. Yu., Garaev D. I. On the reducing the number of equations in the problem of radiation of a cluster of interacting particles. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 144–149.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this paper we investigate analytically polarization radiation excited due to interaction of
an electron with a cluster of coupled subwavelength particles. The results are valid both for
nonrelativistic and for relativistic charged particles. The expression for the Fourier image of
radiation field has been obtained, which allows direct calculating spectral and angular density
of the radiated energy. In general case, to find the radiation field with taking into account the
interaction between particles, it is necessary to solve a system of N! self-consistent tensor
equations, where N is the number of particles in the cluster. We suggest the algorithm
for reducing the system of N! equations to N equations. The reduction in the number of
equations is achieved through the calculation of the fields at the each point in which the
dipole moment is, rather than through calculation of the fields from the every source. This
facilitates considerably the finding solutions in problems of radiation for the clusters of
particles.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project 19-72-00178).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: radiation from charged particles

value: interaction

value: subwavelength particles


dc.contributor.author

value: Vinogradova, Ekaterina M.

value: Doronin, Grigoriy G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vinogradova E. M., Doronin G. G. Mathematical modeling of two-dimentional periodic system of field emitters. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 121–128.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The work is devoted to a two-dimensional periodic system of field emitters mathematical
modeling. Field-emission electron-vacuum devices are actively used in many fields of science
and technology. In this article the field cathode as a periodic system of emitters of infinite
length and the same shape, located on a flat substrate and at the same distance from
each other, is investigated. Anode is a plane parallel to the substrate. To calculate the
electrostatic potential distribution the influence of each emitter is replaced by the influence
of a charged filament. To solve the boundary value problem for the Poisson equation the
variables separation method in Cartesian coordinates is used. The potential distribution was
found in an analytical form in the entire area of the system. In accordance with the formulas
obtained, numerical calculations were carried out and the effect of emitter packing density
on the electrostatic potential distribution is shown.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: field emitter array

value: field cathode

value: boundary-value problem

value: electrostatic potential

value: Poisson equation

value: mathematical modeling


dc.contributor.author

value: Galanina, O. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Special issue “Biota through time and space: modern approaches to its study’’.  Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 222–223.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 65; Issue 2

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Napreenko, Maxim G.

value: Napreenko-Dorokhova, Tatiana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Napreenko, M. G., Napreenko-Dorokhova, T. V. (2020). The main patterns of presentday zonal vegetation development in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russian Federation (southeastern Baltic), inferred by palynological data. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 337–361.

dc.description.abstract

value: This article is devoted to the question of zonal vegetation formation on the territory of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russian Federation, during the Mid- and Late Holocene. Based on palynological data, the main variants of zonal phytocoenoses are defined. It is stated that the formation of present-day zonal vegetation in the region can be derived from the species-rich deciduous forests which became dominant in the study area up to the middle of the Atlantic (7000–6000 cal BP). These plant communities, the key elements of which belong to species of the ‘nemoral complex’ (Quercus, Ulmus, Tilia, Corylus), could be considered the climax vegetation corresponding to the mid-Holocene Climatic Optimum. Their further development during the Late Holocene consisted of several structural shifts, such as the invasion of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) during the Sub-Boreal; the invasion of spruce (Picea abies) during the Sub-Boreal in the southern part of the region and during the Atlantic and Sub-Boreal in the northern part; the distribution of beech (Fagus sylvatica) as a characteristic species of deciduous forests in the southern part of the region during the Atlantic and Sub-Boreal. The lowland habitats, especially in the Neman Delta landscape area, had been occupied by communities of the black alder (Alnus glutinosa). These processes led to the formation of three variants of nemoral zonal vegetation on the territory of the region: 1) oak–linden–hornbeam forests, 2) spruce–broadleaved forests with an admixture of hornbeam, 3) black alder communities. All three variants were dominant during the Mid- and Late Holocene (≈ 5000–1300 cal BP). In the later period, a common decline of broadleaved species is recorded with a simultaneous increase of conifers, apparently as a response to climate cooling. Regarding present-day climate conditions, the boundary of Fagus distribution range in the region should be set more northeastwards than currently. Substantial structural alterations occurred in the nemoral forests under anthropogenic impact during the last 300 years, though in the Neman Delta area this transition started later (150–200 years ago) due to difficult access to the area.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was supported by state assignment of Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (project no. 0149-2019-0013), program of Competitiveness Enhancement of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Russian Science Foundation (project no. 18-77-10016).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: zonal vegetation

value: deciduous forests

value: Kaliningrad Region

value: Southeastern Baltic

value: palynology

value: Holocene


dc.contributor.author

value: Neshataeva, Valentina Yu.

value: Neshatayev, Vasilii Yu.

value: Kirichenko, Vadim E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Neshataeva, V. Yu., Neshatayev, V. Yu., Kirichenko, V. E. (2020). Vegetation cover of the North of the Koryak Region (Kamchatsky Krai) and its geobotanical subdivision. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 395–416.

dc.description.abstract

value: Northern Koryakia belongs to two different vegetation zones: Beringian forest–tundra zone and East-Siberian larch forest subzone of the Eurasian boreal (taiga) zone. The territory of Northern Koryakia was subdivided into 3 geobotanical provinces and 14 districts. Most peculiar, the Siberian dwarf-pine (Pinus pumila) elfin woods occupy zonal mesic habitats of plains, plateaus and gentle mountain slopes. They form a zonal vegetation type of Beringian creeping woodland. Polar birch (Betula middendorffii) shrubs (up to 1.5 m tall) and dwarf-alder (Alnus fruticosa) thickets form another important vegetation type associated with Pinus pumila open woodlands. These two vegetation types form a distinctive subalpine vegetation belt at lower elevations (up to 150–300 m). The alpine vegetation belt (up to 400–450 m) is characterized by a complex of dwarf-shrub and lichen-rich tundra communities that occur under conditions of a heat deficit and very short growing season. Azonal habitats, such as wide river valleys, are occupied by flood-plain forests (Chosenia arbutifolia, Populus suaveolens, Salix udensis, and S. schwerinii). In the floodplains of rivers and streams, shrubby willow thickets are widespread, predominated by Salix pulchra, S. alaxensis, S. krylovii and S. hastata. Several vegetation types, mainly coastal dwarf-shrub tundra, mires, salt marshes, mesic and hygric meadows, and isolated Betula ermanii groves are distributed on azonal sites. In waterlogged habitats of lowlands and depressions, sedge-moss mires, Sphagnum-rich oligotrophic bogs with 40–60 cm-thick peat layers, hillocky mires, and polygonal mires develop. Tussocky sedge-cottongrass mires developing in the intermountain depressions are characteristic to the Anadyr-Penzhina lowland. Typical components of them are Carex lugens, Eriohorum vaginatum, Betula exilis and other hyparctic dwarf-shrubs. In the western part of the Penzhina River Basin, larch (Larix cajanderi) open woodlands form the northern forest limit. In addition, there are groves of Japanese white birch (Betula platyphylla) in the river valleys.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-05-00805-а).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: vegetation cover

value: geobotanical subdivision

value: Koryak Okrug

value: Kamchatsky Krai


dc.contributor.author

value: Sirin, Andrey A.

value: Medvedeva, Maria A.

value: Makarov, Dmitry A.

value: Maslov, Alexander A.

value: Joosten, Hans

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sirin, A. A., Medvedeva, M. A., Makarov, D. A., Maslov, A. A., Joosten, H. (2020). Monitoring of vegetation cover of rewetted peatlands in Moscow Oblast. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 314–336.

dc.description.abstract

value: Abandoned drained peatlands pose the greatest danger in terms of peat fires. This is especially true of abandoned, unrestored peat milling fields, the maximum areas of which are located in Moscow Oblast. The most effective way to reduce the fire hazard and improve the ecological condition of such lands in the absence of economic reasons for their use is rewetting and peatland restoration. It is necessary to prioritize objects for rewetting and to monitor the effectiveness of measures taken. Such objects can be of considerable size, difficult to pass and not amenable to ground mapping. Fires and rewetting contribute to rapid changes in vegetation cover. Their monitoring requires remote sensing data and, above all, multispectral satellite data. The large number of objects, their spatial distribution and the need for multi-year observations require a combination of data from different satellites. We present the experience of monitoring more than 73 thousand hectares of peatlands in Moscow Oblast rewetted in 2010–2013 after the fires of 2010. Current results show a reduction in the areas of open peat and dry grass vegetation, insignificant changes in the areas occupied by coniferous trees and progressive expansion of the area occupied by deciduous trees and shrubs, as well as an increase of hydrophilic communities and open water after rewetting and subsequent maintenance of the area. The developed and tested methodology makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of peatland rewetting to reduce the risk of peat fires, as well as to identify areas requiring additional measures. The proposed algorithm ensures reliable allocation in semi-automatic mode of 6 classes of vegetation/land cover, different in fire hazard and basic environmental characteristics that determine the fluxes of greenhouse gases, biodiversity and other ecosystem functions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was supported by Russian-German project no. 11 III 040 RUS K "Peatlands restoration" and Russian Science Foundation (project no. 19-74-20185).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 65; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: peat fires

value: ecological security

value: multispectral remote sensing

value: peatland restoration

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shiryaev, Anton G.

value: Morozova, Olga V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shiryaev, A. G., Morozova, O. V. (2020). Latitudinal gradient of diversity of macromycetes and vascular plants in the European part of Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 245–262.

dc.description.abstract

value: Principles for the distribution of vascular plant diversity for large areas have been studied for a long time, but very little is known about distribution patterns of macromycetes, which are closely related in their existence to flora. The limited number of works on the biogeography of macromycetes are mainly based on the number of species of randomly selected territories of arbitrary size, which makes it impossible for us to compare these data with the results of studies in local flora obtained using a standardized method for collecting material. We conducted field studies of a model group of macromycetes — clavarioid fungi — in 143 localities, covering all vegetation subzones of Eastern Europe. The hypothesis that the richest mycobiota correspond to the most floristically rich regions was tested. We found that the richest local flora corresponds to forest-steppe regions, and in the direction of the tundra and steppes the number of species decreases sharply. A similar trend was also revealed for the macromycetes localities, but the peak of their richness corresponds to the south and hemiboreal regions. For both groups, the richest territories correspond to the mountainous areas framing the East European Plain. A strong positive correlation was found between the annual primary production, the stock of aboveground phytomass and mortmass, and the richness of vegetation and mycobiota. A positive relationship was also found between the richness of both biota components with the average annual rainfall, while a relationship with the hydrothermal coefficient was established only for local flora. A connection was found between the indicators of “energy” and vegetation cover, while this was absent with the mycobiota. The spatial trends of the taxonomic wealth of vascular plants and fungi are examined from the perspective of the systematic organization of biota. For mycobiota, there is a strong dependence on the “water” indicators, while, like for vegetation cover, taxa of different hierarchical levels behave each as a single separate whole. An attempt is made to discuss the applicability of the “mid-domain effect” to the revealed principles of the spatial distribution of the species richness of fungi.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-05-00398) and carried out within the state assignment of Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences (no. 0148-2019-0007).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: biodiversity

value: biogeography

value: spatial gradients

value: primary productivity

value: scale

value: local flora

value: block principle

value: mycobiota

value: phytomass

value: citizen science


dc.contributor.author

value: Bobrov, Alexey V.

value: Roslov, Maxim S.

value: Romanov, Mikhail S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bobrov, A. V., Roslov, M. S., Romanov, M. S. (2020). Phylogenetic biogeography of Hamamelidaceae s. l. based on molecular data. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 224–244.

dc.description.abstract

value: The Hamamelidaceae s. l. consists of 27–31 genera and about 100 species that are disjunctly distributed in Western, Southern, Eastern and Southeast Asia, North, Central and South America, Eastern Africa and Northeastern Australia. Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed among the 51 species from 28 genera of Hamamelidaceae s. l. and 4 outgroups — Itea chinensis (Iteaceae), Paeonia brownii and P. lactiflora (Paeoniaceae), Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Cercidiphyllaceae) and Daphniphyllum oldhamii (Daphniphyllaceae) as the outgroup. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods. Six sequences were used in the molecular analysis including one nuclear (ITS–5.8S rRNA) and five chloroplast (matK, rbcL, trnL–trnF, psaA–ycf3, psbA–trnH) DNA. The results indicate that Hamamelidaceae s. 1. forms a paraphyletic clade, but Altingiaceae and Hamamelidaceae s. s. are monophyletic. Based on the calibration of the phylogenetic tree with fossil records, a hypothesis is proposed on the phylogenetic biogeography of Hamamelidaceae s. 1. It is supposed that Altingiaceae originated in North America 95 mya and spread first to Eastern Asia across the Bering Land Bridge, and then to Europe across the North Atlantic Land Bridge. The Hamamelidaceae s. s. separated from Altingiaceae about 90 mya in Europe and has a complex biogeographical history, which includes dispersal to Africa and Madagascar, Australia, and four independent cases of dispersal to North America of taxa from different Hamamelidoideae tribes.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The work was carried out within the state assignment of Lomonosov Moscow State University (No. АААА-А16-116032810082-6) and Main Botanical Garden (No. 18-118021490111-5) at the Unique Scientific Installation Fund Greenhouse.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 65; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Altingiaceae

value: disjunct distribution

value: dispersal history

value: divergence times

value: Hamamelidaceae

value: phylogeny

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ogureeva, Galina N.

value: Bocharnikov, Maxim V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ogureeva, G. N., Bocharnikov, M. V. (2020). Ecological functions of the modern vegetation cover of the Stanovoy Highlands. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (2), 377–394.

dc.description.abstract

value: An integral evaluation of the modern vegetation cover of the Stanovoy Highlands has been carried out on the basis of identifying priority ecological functions for vegetation communities in model sites of the mountain system (in the Upper Angara depression and in the North-Muya Range). Identification of the typological diversity of vegetation and the ecotopic relations of communities, conducted on the basis of field data and remote sensing data, made it possible to compile vegetation maps of model sites with the allocation of five priority ecological functions (permafrost-stabilizing, anti-erosion, anti-avalanche, drainage, water-regulating) for vegetation communities of different altitudinal belts (mountain taiga, sub-tundra, tundra belts). An analysis of the current state of vegetation has been done on the basis of changes in the forest area for the period from 2000 to 2018. Trends in the change of functions of communities have been determined. The ecological and geographical approach to determining the diversity of functions of the vegetation communities of the Stanovoy Highlands revealed the specifics of the botanical diversity of the mountain territory according to altitudinal and regional patterns. The mountain taiga belt is composed of vegetation communities (mainly larch forests) that perform a wide range of environmental priority functions in various ecotope conditions. Sparse forests and dwarf pine communities perform environmental protection functions in conditions of steeply sloping relief in the sub-tundra belt. High-mountain communities are characterized by a drainage function in the top levels of ranges in the tundra belt. The composed phytoecological maps of vegetation have made it possible to identify the spatial structure of the mountain biome on the example of model areas according to the actual dynamic of vegetation cover of the Stanovoy Highlands connected with cutting and fires. Approbation of the cartographic method in the study identifies the prospects for its use in ecological mapping with an evaluation of the functions of vegetation communities in mountain ecosystems.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 17-77-10142).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: ecological potential

value: coenotic diversity

value: remote sensing

value: altitudinal zonality

value: Stanovoy Highlands


dc.contributor.author

value: Tregubov, Vladimir P.

value: Egorova, Nadezhda K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tregubov V. P., Egorova N. K. Model study of the influence of multi-joint muscles on the frequency characteristics of the human body. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 150–164.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The analysis of previous works devoted to experimental studies of the frequency characteristics
of the body of a sitting human body subjected to vibration and the construction of its
mechanical models is conducted. It is noted that in most cases measurements of vibration
are made on the seat and the head of the person that allows us to build a transmission
function from the seat to the head. In doing so, the supposed internal structure of the
human mechanical model remained unconfirmed. Under these conditions, it was emphasized
that vibration measurements should be performed on all modeled parts of a human body.
In addition, from an anatomical point of view, the main contribution to the mechanical
properties of the body of a sitting person is made by the multi-jointed muscles of the spine.
However, this important fact has not been taken into account yet. In this regard, the task was
set to study the influence of multi-articular muscles on the frequency properties of the body of
a sitting person. For this purpose, a number of mechanical models were constructed in which
multi-jointed muscles were modeled by multi-link viscoelastic connections. In particular, on
the simplest model with two degrees of freedom it was shown how the imposition of twolink
connections in addition to a single-link one leads to the appearance of an anti-resonant
frequency on the upper mass, that is impossible in their absence. A mechanical model with
an arbitrary number of degrees of freedom with multi-link connections is given, for which
the formulas of the transfer function and the amplitude-frequency response for the upper
mass are obtained. In addition, we consider a mechanical model with an arbitrary set of
multi-link connections. As an example, the results of numerical calculation of the frequency
response for a mechanical model with eight degrees of freedom in the presence and absence
of multi-link connections are given.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 16; Issue 2

value: mechanical model

value: human body

value: vibration

value: transfer function

value: input mechanical impedance

value: amplitude-frequency response

value: multi-joint muscles


dc.contributor.author

value: Yakimova, Vilena A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yakimova V. A. (2020) Opportunities and prospects for using digital technologies in auditing. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 2, pp. 287–318.

dc.description.abstract

value: The digital economy creates new opportunities for the development of all types of economic activity, and first of all it allows to improve the organizational, technical and methodological support of information services, which include audit services. Developing technologies based on artificial intelligence, descriptive and predicative analysis of big data can find an applied aspect in the digitalization of audit activities, which will help to accelerate the collection of information, the transition from manual procedures to computer-aided processing of information, planning algorithms and a deeper understanding of the activities of audited entities. With the development of the market of high (hi-tech) and end-to-end technologies, digitalization of information systems of economic entities, the problems of adapting auditory methodological and organizational-technological tools to current conditions become urgent. Thus, in auditing science there is a paradigm shift: the transition from traditional audit to intellectual (AI audit), the methodology of which is based on machine learning technology in the professional field and the use of professional cognition. The application of the ecosystem approach allows us to describe the features of the content and functional purpose of individual digital technologies for performing cognitive processes in audit activities. A cognitive ecosystem of audit activities is proposed, which is necessary for defining digital technologies, with the help of which specific tasks and directions of audits and audit-related services can be implemented. The proposed ecosystem can be used as a supporting mechanism for creating a comprehensive AI-audit system in audit organizations and for developing AI-audit as a field of scientific knowledge.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 36; Issue 2

value: digital economy

value: digital technologies

value: audit services

value: intellectual audit

value: AI-technologies

value: professional judgment

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bulina, Anna O.

value: Mozgovaya, Kristina A.

value: Pakhnin, Mikhail A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bulina A. O., Mozgovaya K. A., Pakhnin M. A. (2020) Human capital in economic growth theory: Classical models and new approaches. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 2, pp. 163–188.

dc.description.abstract

value: For a long time economists have been actively discussing the mechanisms of economic growth. One of the most fundamental factors of economic growth which underlies the variation in per capita income between different countries is human capital, i.e., the stock of knowledge and professional skills embodied in each person. Human capital can be considered as an input used in the production of economic value, just like physical capital — additional investments in human capital (in the form of education or training) earn additional returns. At the same time, from the point of view of economic theory, human capital is very different from other types of capital — in particular, the production of human capital exhibits increasing returns to scale, which is not true for physical capital. This survey aims at discussing the role of human capital in the theory of economic growth. In particular, we address the following issues: why did Adam Smith compare an educated person with an expensive machine; how the growth rate of technical progress and education affect each other; what is the difference between knowledge and human capital as economic goods; how accumulation of human capital leads to leapfrogging; how to measure the level of human capital; why education investment policies in many countries did not succeed in promoting economic growth; how social environment affects the accumulation of human capital; what is human capital externality and how does it operate. We hope that this survey will contribute to the accumulation of human capital in our country.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: economic growth

value: human capital

value: technical progress

value: leapfrogging economic growth

value: leapfrogging


dc.contributor.author

value: Zélikov, Mikhail V.

value: Ivanova, Anna V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zélikov M. V., Ivanova A. V. The functioning of the verb of possession in the Ibero-Romance languages. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (2): 232– 253.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article deals with the verb of possession in Spanish, Catalan, and Portuguese (tener/tenir/ têr), which, along with the possessive groups and pronominal constructions, is an essential component of the phenomena of possession in the Ibero-Romance languages. The peculiarity of the languages of the Iberian Peninsula consists in the ability to denote the existence and possession not using two, but four verbal units (derivatives of the Latin verbs habere, tenere, essere, and stare). The studied phenomenon indicates the idioethnic originality of the systems of the basic verbs of the Ibero-Romance languages, most consistently and systematically manifested in modern Spanish (due to the presence of two dichotomies haber/tener and ser/ estar). The concrete empirical material shows that the leading role in the synonymic relations between these correlating verbs belongs to the verb tener. Identifying various configurations of the subject-(predicate)-object relations in the predicate-argument structure of the IberoRomance simple sentence shows that the verb of possession is used not only in the qualitative characteristic features of the subject (the subject models), but also in the quantitative characteristics of the action/status of one of the actants in the position of a real or fictitious subject (pseudo-object and object active and stative models), which provides the formation of numerous correlations with the verbs ser, estar, haber and their synonyms within the two lines: existentiality — stativity — locativity and activity — possessivity. The derivatives of the Latin verb tenere, being truly universal verbal units, reveal the action of one of the most striking tendencies to the activization of the proposition in the Ibero-Romance languages as one of the manifestations of subjectivity pervading the whole language system.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: possession

value: existence

value: basic verbs

value: subject-object relations

value: activization


dc.contributor.author

value: Kondratenko, Polina I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kondranenko P. I. Communicative-pragmatic potential of utterances with verified knowledge markers in German linguistic discourse. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (2): 254–270.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article deals with the textual functioning of utterances, including verified knowledge markers, which allow academic authors of linguistic texts to refer to well-known and generally accepted statements within the field of research. The most frequent explicit and indirect explicit verbal means that indicate verified knowledge in academic texts are found based on a complex (context semantic, discourse-based, communicative pragmatic) analysis of 30 linguistic research articles published in “Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik”. The paper considers verified knowledge markers as a class of the multi-structural and semantically specified linguistic units of a clearly pragmatic nature. These units acquire indicating functions in the contexts of written scientific communication where they mark structures of knowledge shared by all members in the linguistic scientific community. The results of the analysis show a number of the communicative and pragmatic functions performed by utterances with the verified knowledge markers. The average percentage is also provided. It has been established that the structures of verified knowledge are used in linguistic research articles especially with an intention of increasing the persuasion power of the author’s argumentation by embedding the established linguistic concepts and conventional definitions into argumentation. In addition, utterances with the verified knowledge markers allow the author to emphasize his or her position by criticizing the verified statements. Through utterances with the verified knowledge markers, the authors position themselves as competent members of the linguistic scientific community. They contextualize disciplinary shared knowledge; demonstrate their notion of the research background, methods, and standards for reporting new research results.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: pragmatics of linguistic discourse

value: linguistic research article

value: verified scientific knowledge

value: verified knowledge markers

value: pragmatic function

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Tsvetkova, Marina V.

value: Krizskaya, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tsvetkova M. V., Krizskaya E. V. Comic-book Pride and prejudice by Nancy Butler as an adaptation of Jane Austen’s novel. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (2): 217–231.

dc.description.abstract

value: Comic book adaptations of classics have become more and more popular as a genre of mass culture. No wonder, that their creators turned to such a cult author as Jane Austen. In the article, the reasons of the interest to her novel Pride and prejudice by the mass culture, as well as by Butler, who wrote the script for the adaptation, are investigated. The types of the major transformations of the original are defined and the reasons of their introduction, either caused by such genre features of comics as dynamism, visual orientation, segmentation etc., or by the nature of mass literature are described. The comparative analysis of the novel and its adaptation shows that the adaptation lacks the specific style characteristic of Jane Austen’s work as the author’s commentary is reduced to its minimum. The description of everyday life, the psychological depth and plot complexity are contracted all the attention is focused on the love line, the episodes and characters not connected with Darcy — Elizabeth relationships are omitted. The portraits of the characters are drawn in the grotesque “Marvel” production style, which simplifies the characters making them “flat”. However, the adaptations of literary classics become a good way of popularization of the “high-brow” literature: the readers’ responses show that more than 60 % of them felt urged to read the novel after getting acquainted with its adaptation.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Jane Austen

value: Nancy Butler

value: Pride and prejudice

value: comic book adaptation

value: comic books


title: Formula technique of Faroese ballads

dc.contributor.author

value: Piotrovskii, Dmitrii D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Piotrovskii D. D. Formula technique of Faroese ballads. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (2): 271–289.

dc.description.abstract

value: The Faroese “Nibelung cycle” includes three ballads, viz. Regin Smith, Brinhild, and Högni. Prior to being recorded, the ballads had existed in oral tradition. The latter presupposes a certain technique to preserve and re-create texts (“composition in performance” — A. B. Lord). The technique is based on the use of formulas, characterized by textual variability and stability of meaning, as well as ‘usefulness,’ within certain metrical conditions. Besides the formulas, repetitions are common to oral poetry in general and typical to the Faroese ballad tradition. Varying in length, from one line to five stanzas, they can be either contact or distant. The latter category includes repetitions normally connected with the repeated motifs. The contact repetitions, similar to formulas from the point of view of usefulness, provide the skipari with time to organize the singing without interrupting it. The contact repetitions are based on the threefold principle: a fragment cannot be repeated more than three times. This principle, in turn, ensures the fixation of the text in the oral tradition. The distant repetitions are usually correlated with the repetitions in the plot. There is no impenetrable boundary between the repetitions and formulas.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 2

value: Faroese ballads

value: oral poetry

value: formula technique

value: formula

value: repetition

dc.title

value: Formula technique of Faroese ballads


dc.contributor.author

value: Vasilyeva-Speranskaya, Tatiana A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasilyeva-Speranskaya, Tatiana. “Felice Casorati as One of the Protagonists of the Artistic Iife in Italy. From Symbolist Iinfluence to Valori Plastici and Novecento”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 10, no. 2 (2020): 300–322.

dc.description.abstract

value: This article focuses on the work of the Italian artist Felice Casorati, a protagonist of Italian art in the late 19th — mid 20th centuries. Emphasis is given to the fact that Casorati’s career, which developed in the context of Italian art reasoning, is dominated by an individualist quest and pursuance of detachment. The key focus of this article is on the complicated period between the two World Wars, which can be described as the peak of his art. Certain aspects of Casorati’s life in Turin, a source of his inspiration, from affiliation with metaphysical art, exploration of media with Carlo Carrà, Giorgio de Chirico, Giorgio Morandi and other members of Valori Plastici group, to the Novecento and departure from neoclassicism, have been identified. The historical-cultural and social factors underlying these trends and schools have been analyzed, and the drivers and peculiarities of the development of Italian art of the period in question have been described. The difference between the fundamental concepts of Valori Plastici and the Novecento proclaiming the so-called “return to order” (“ritorno all’ordine”) as an attempt to “revive” the avant-garde art language and return to traditions is noted. Special focus is given to the analysis of the evolution, poetic style and study of the most popular motives in Casorati’s art, including those typical only for his art and those common to Italian artists of this period. Throughout the artist’s life, his paintings attracted the persistent attention of art critics and historians of culture and art. An analysis of their publications, which, primarily, constituted the methodological framework of this study, Casorati’s letters and articles and analysis of his art practice, suggested a convincing conclusion that Felice Casorati achieved an outstanding position among the leaders of the major art schools of the day and became one of its protagonists.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 10; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Felice Casorati

value: Italy

value: Turin

value: metaphysics

value: Valori Plastici

value: Novecento

value: ritorno all’ordine

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bembel, Irina O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bembel, Irina. “In Search of Method. On the Crisis of Architecture Studies”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 10, no. 2 (2020): 323–339.

dc.description.abstract

value: How can modern architecture be evaluated — architecture that in a declarative manner refused the succession, orientation of samples, and any system principle? What aesthetic criteria can be applied to works in which the author’s individual approach dominates entirely? Such installations of modern architecture and art in general gave rise to a common crisis of humanitarian thought and forced people to talk about the end of the history of art. However, as G. Sedlmayr wrote, the question of initial positions and questions of determining goals should precede the question of methods. The relevance of the Sedlmayr’s words is enhanced in the current environment of a rapid change of paradigms. The article substantiates the idea of a direct relationship between the development of architectural form with the value transformations that social consciousness has experienced since the New time. In addition, the author raises the question about the search for an art criticism method that would correspond to the current situation in architecture, on the one hand, and at the same time can be applied it to the entire history of architecture. In this regard, the author demonstrates the enduring relevance of the art criticism method of Max Dvorzak, designated by the thesis “the history of art as the history of the spirit”. This method, developed by Hans Zedlmayr, is based on the belief of the need for ethical, moral and spiritual assessments of the phenomena and processes that take place in the development of art. Implementation of this method could provide a full-fledged alternative to the overly formalized approach which exists today, as well as arbitrary and haphazard approaches that take place in modern architectural studies.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Tradition

value: Modernity

value: modern

value: postmodern

value: traditional architecture

value: modernist architecture

value: modern architecture

value: architectural method

value: self-determination

value: goal-setting


dc.contributor.author

value: Soboleva, Alexandra E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Soboleva A. E. The new-found early hagiographic texts on St. Alexander Svirsky. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (2): 290–308.

dc.description.abstract

value: As scholars noted earlier, the manuscript f. 304.I No. 804 deposited in the Russian State Library contains rare or unique works, among which there are also original hagiographical texts on St. Alexander Svirsky. These texts do not find correspondence in the known editions of the Life of St. Alexander and in their variants. The first work recounts how the monastery brethren violated St. Alexander’s dying commandment and then, for this reason, he appeared to one of the monks on the third day after his death. Three of four miracles, which convey the appearance, are not characteristic in the topology of the miracles of the saint: they tell of helping those in distress on the water. These texts are published in this paper with codicological and linguistic-textual commentaries. The literary source of several texts was partially ascertained, it was the Life and Miracles of SS. Zosimas and Sabbatius of Solovki. According to the record in the end of the first miracle, the text’s authorship and place of creation is suggested: most likely this is one of the works by Hegumen Herodion Kochnev who wrote the Menaion edition of the Life of St. Alexander, but this newly found text was created at the dawn of St. Alexander’s veneration and not reflected in Herodion’s text for the Great Menaion Reader. The paper analyzes the orthographical features of the manuscript, which indicate striking dialectal traits, and also composition of the manuscript, distribution of its handwritings and paper to clarify the features of its compilation. The texts on St. Alexander were written in the same unit with the rare prayer ascribed to him by the modern legends: perhaps this coincidence is not accidentall.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: linguistic and textual studies

value: Life of St. Alexander Svirsky

value: Hegumen Herodion Kochnev

value: Life of SS. Zosimas and Sabbatius of Solovki

value: burial


dc.contributor.author

value: Skvortcova, Ekaterina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Skvortcova, Ekaterina. “Stephano Torelli’s ‘Coronation Portrait of Catherine II’: Crowns as a Visual Formula of the Lands of the Russian Empire”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 10, no. 2 (2020): 274–299.

dc.description.abstract

value: The “Coronation portrait of Catherine II” by Stephano Torelli introduces a new type of iconography of the Russian Empress in which she appears as a bearer of multiple (i. e. four) crowns. Whereas originally such a portrait type in European art served as a representation of the several titles of the ruler and correspondent lands joined in a personal union, it became a representation of the titles of Catherine II as the Russian Empress and tsarina of the conquered tsarstva of Kazan, Astrakhan and Siberia. The theme of titles and lands of the Empire had already developed in 18th-century Russia in other forms (allegorical figures, coats-of-arms) and visual media (decorative painting and sculpture). Circa 10 examples collected here for the first time are set side by side with their European counterparts. Three types of representations of native and conquered territories emerged in which the very choice of particular titles and the place of their symbolic representation in composition accentuated different aspects in the concept of the Russian Empire. But it was only with Torelli’s “Coronation Portrait of Catherine II” that the symbolism of three crowns appeared in Russian portrait painting. Torelli previously worked for the Elector of Saxony and King of Poland, some of whose portraits incorporate two crowns. Another important factor seems to be the fact that such iconography gained special popularity with Catherine’s senior peer Maria Theresia. Only the Habsburgs, the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire, with which a newly established Russian Empire aspired to rival, possessed more than three crowns. The importance attached to symbolism of multiple crowns by Catherine is illustrated by direct mentioning of it in her “Zapiski”.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was financed by the Grant of the President of Russian Federation for Young PhD candidates (project MK-1510.2019.6 “Female and Children Images in Discourse of Imperial Power: on the Example of Art of Russia in the 18th Century”).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 10; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Stephano Torelli

value: coronation portrait

value: Catherine II

value: representation of Emperor

value: crowns

value: 18th-century Russian art

value: Russian-European artistic links

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Suleymanova, Olga A.

value: Vodianitskaya, Albina A.

value: Fomina, Marina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Suleymanova O. A., Vodianitskaya A. A., Fomina M. A. Categorization and its linguistic representation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (2): 309–322.

dc.description.abstract

value: The cognitive science approached categorization from merely linguistic perspectives — the researchers focus on categorization, linguistic means of its representation (articles, pronouns, verbs, word order, intonation), while the process and the results of categorization are verbalized and language means employed in this cognitive operation are still not well studied. We aim to build the categorization frame, reveal the principles of profiling and language means of verbalization employed while describing the process. The research starts with gathering the lexical units from the Russian-Russian Dictionary by Sergey Ozhegov that describe the process of categorization. Then the authors build a categorization frame — first, the objects are classified, second, the speaker rationalizes his/her decision, then, the categorizing per se goes — the objects are referred to some class, the speaker expresses the extent of his confidence of the decision, the extent to which the object is assigned to the class, or correlates the object with the members of the class without ‘establishing the membership’. The research resulted in the typology of items that describe categorization, profiling operations with the focus on the way of acquiring knowledge (oboznachat’, vyglyadet’), circumstances, aspects of the decision making process — hesitating (vsyo-taki), doubting the decision (vrode, kak budto), estimating the degree to which the object meets the requirements to the members of the category (identichnyj, pohozhij, nastoyashchij), while other language units establish similarities between objects of different classes (pohozhij), emphasize the result of such a cognitive operation as likening (mnimyj, lozhnyj, shozhij), or a weak correspondence between the object and those properties that allow it to be assigned to a particular class (the “worst” representative of the class: zauryadnyj, zahudalyj, nikudyshnij).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: language categorization

value: categorization frame

value: cognitive operation

value: class of objects

value: principle of profiling


dc.contributor.author

value: Nesterenko, Natalia Yu.

value: Pakhomova, Nadezda V.

value: Richter, Kurt Knut

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nesterenko N.Yu., Pakhomova N.V., Richter K.K. (2020). Sustainable development of organic agriculture: Strategies of Russia and its regions in context of the application of digital economy technologies. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 2, pp. 217–242.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper analyzes the potential of organic agriculture to meet effectively the increasing demand for high-quality food, to increase its export potential, and to solve the country’s import
substitution problems. The article also reveals the importance of digital economy technologies
for increasing the sustainability of organic production. Among the most significant are cloud
computing and large databases that contribute to the development of precision farming, continuous online monitoring of the quality of various stages in technological chains, automation
and robotization, etc. Following recommendations of the “Organic Agriculture 3.0” conception, the authors examine the appropriate environmental, economic, social, and institutional
factors to elaborate complex development strategies for agriculture in Russia and its regions.
A special environmental index is proposed to determine environmentally friendly regions
that are mostly suitable for organic production. The authors discuss an economic indicator
to assess the potential of unused agricultural land for organic farming. The proportion of unemployed working-age population in rural areas serves as a social indicator for the study. By
analyzing these selected indicators, four groups of Russian regions with different conditions
for developing organic agriculture are identified. With respect to varying potentials of the regions and the external institutional context, the authors qualify different regional competitive
strategies and corresponding product niches. The study also provides guidelines for Russian
agrarian and environmental policy to support effective development of organic production.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 36; Issue 2

value: sustainable development

value: digital economy technologies

value: organic agriculture 3.0

value: export potential

value: supply and demand for organic food

value: regional priorities

value: local food supply chains


dc.contributor.author

value: Ezrokh, Yurii S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ezrokh Y. S. (2020) Problems of establishing the practice of remote identification of clients in the Russian banking system (economic aspects). St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 2, pp. 266–286.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article analyses the economic aspects of establishing the practice of remote client identification by Russian credit institutions. Developing such practices is necessitated by the permanent digitization of the interaction between subjects of banking relations. The article presents the results of an analysis of the economic aspects of remote client identification by banks in developed and developing countries (Austria, Great Britain, India, China, USA, Sweden, Switzerland, and South Korea). The research reveals the theoretical and practical peculiarities of the banking biometric identification system currently functioning in Russia. On the basis of this analysis, the author identifies economic reasons for the lack of motivation of most Russian banks to develop new practices. For the first time in Russian economic literature, the key problems that impede remote client identification have been discussed systematically, including: a) risk of unauthorized access to the central database; b) concerns about privacy violations; c) lack of free access to materials on software testing, guarantees of developer companies, operators, etc.; d) risk of unauthorized access to the UBS by outsiders successfully using identification procedures; e) exposure to financial risks from unauthorized access to the UBS, transferred to clients; f) unsatisfactory results of combating banking cybercrime in Russia. The author advances several robust proposals to overcome these problems and minimize the economic risks of applying remote client identification systems in Russia, taking into account the positive and negative experiences of foreign countries.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: biometrics

value: video-identification

value: UBS

value: client identification

value: cybercrime

value: online identification

value: fintech

value: economic risks of remote identification

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Stoianova, Olga V.

value: Lezina, Tatiana A.

value: Ivanova, Victoriia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Stoianova O. V., Lezina T. A., Ivanоva V. V. (2020). The framework for assessing company’s digital transformation readiness. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 2, pp. 243–265.

dc.description.abstract

value: At present, the focus of discussions on digital transformation has shifted from issues of its necessity to problems of assessing a company’s readiness for digital transformation. The specificity of digital transformation in Russia requires new criteria of readiness and prioritization of existing criteria. This study explores a combination of factors (prerequisites) that determine the readiness of Russian companies for digital transformation. Our hypothesis is that it is possible to systematize and formalize these prerequisites, which can be presented as a framework for assessing readiness. The purpose of the study is to design such a framework that takes into account not only the current state of the company, but also its previous development. The paper formulates the requirements for the readiness assessment system in the form of a framework. It also proposes a method of desing a framework with these requirements. The method combines analysis of practical cases and theoretical study of modern concepts and best management practices. As a result of applying the proposed method a framework for a company’s readiness for digital transformation assessment (DTRA) is created. The DTRA framework includes criteria and characteristics of readiness grouped into domains. It is intended for a qualitative evaluation of readiness and for understanding obstacles to success of the digital transformation.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 36; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: digital transformation

value: the company’s readiness

value: framework

value: criteria of readiness

value: readiness assessment


title: 30 years have passed

dc.contributor.author

value: Lee, Kyu-hyung

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lee Kyu-hyung. 30 years have passed. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 150–154.

dc.description.abstract

value: 30 years have passed

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 13; Issue 2


dc.contributor.author

value: Kropachev, Nikolay M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kropachev N. Russia and the Republic of Korea: Past, present, and future. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 146–149.

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Cherednichenko, Larisa G.

value: Gubarev, Roman V.

value: Dzyuba, Evgeniy I.

value: Fayzulli, Fanil’ S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Cherednichenko L. G., Gubarev R. V., Dzyuba E. I., Fayzullin F. S. (2020) Targeted management of innovative development of Russian regions. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 2, pp. 319–350.

dc.description.abstract

value: At present, the Russian Federation lags significantly behind the economically developed countries of the world in terms of innovative development. The situation in Russia is exacerbated by the active processes of divergence of the country’s regions in the field of innovative development. Abroad, the process of transforming a three-tier into a four-tier spiral of innovation, involving the interaction of not only the state, science, business community, but also the civil society of the country. The key factor in achieving the competitiveness of regions of economically developed countries of the world is the development of regional innovation systems through the coordination and synchronization of actions of such actors. By conducting an empirical study, the degree of differentiation of the subjects of the Russian Federation is evaluated by the level of innovative development. Based on neuro-modeling, the regions of the country are clustering (using Kohonen’s self-organizing maps) and forecasting their innovative development in the short term by forming an adequate Bayesian ensemble of dynamic neural networks. As a result of the conducted empirical research, it was established that even now the polarization of Russian regions in terms of the level of innovative development is characteristic. At the same time, in 2015–2016, there were negative changes in the cluster structure (based on the level of innovative development) of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. So, in particular, the share of Russian regions with low and very low levels of innovative development has significantly increased (from 48,8 to 66,3 %). Despite the optimistic short-term outlook in the field of innovative development for most of the leading regions (Moscow, the Republic of Tatarstan and the Nizhny Novgorod Region), a significant “breakaway” from a number of subjects of the Russian Federation, for example, the Republic of Bashkortostan, is expected. This indicates the need to update the provisions of the innovation policy of most Russian regions.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: factors of innovative development

value: innovation system

value: Russian regions

value: clustering of regions

value: Bayesian assembly of neural network

value: forecast of innovation development


dc.contributor.author

value: Vorontsovskiy, Alexey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vorontsovskiy A. V. (2020) Digitalization of the economy and its impact on economic development and social welfare. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 2, pp. 189–216.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is devoted to the problems of digitalization of the modern economy and its influence on economic processes that determine economic growth and social welfare. It is noted that digitalization does not become a significant factor of economic growth and has a contradictory effect on the growth and size of GDP; further development of the theoretical foundations of analysis and measurement of economic growth in the conditions of digitalization is required. The role and importance of process innovations in the conditions of digitalization are highlighted, the wide application of which may not lead to GDP growth. It is shown that the business in the field of computer and information technologies, as well as the sharing business, based on the widespread use of Internet services and cloud technologies, is currently developing rapidly. It is noted that companies operating in the field of network technologies often do not have a very clearly defined amount of material capital; their business is based on using existing or creating their own digital platforms located on the Internet; they often do not own any significant material assets. For them, it is extremely difficult to determine the amount of capital spent, and the useful result of such a business-processing and issuing informationdoes not have an unambiguous quantitative assessment. It is necessary to develop new forms of evaluating the useful results of this business. Sharing business, while influencing the growth of individual welfare, can simultaneously lead to a reduction in public welfare, since it encourages the distributed use of existing items of shared consumption, rather than increasing their production. It is noted that for businesses that rely on Internet services, the management system is simplified, which is reduced to managing the creation, processing and redistribution of information, rather than creating new products and industries, which also inhibits economic growth. The processes of globalization and monopolization in the digital economy are analyzed. Digitalization of the economy requires the development of economic theory, taking into account modern realities.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 36; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: digitalization of the economy

value: economic growth

value: social welfare

value: sharing economy

value: Internet services

value: cloud technologies

value: e-Commerce

value: labor productivity

value: GDP


dc.contributor.author

value: Lankov, Andrei N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lankov A. N. North Korean workers in Russia: Selection criteria and motivation of laborers. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 206–224.

dc.description.abstract

value: Over the past 70 years, North Korean workers have been present in Russia/USSR almost constantly. In the mid-2010s, their numbers exceeded 30 thousand, and most were in the construction industry. Their working conditions are harsh, however, inside North Korea such jobs have always been greatly coveted, leading to a fierce competition for the chance to work abroad. This is due to the fact that working abroad, including in Russia, despite extremely difficult conditions and significant compulsory wage deductions, still makes it possible for a majority of the North Korean workers to save sums which are very significant, by (meager) North Korean standards. These funds are usually then invested to form the foundations of some small private family business (a market stall, an eatery, a workshop), and in such capacity can ensure the well-being of a family for years and decades to come. The article demonstrates that the widespread perceptions of North Korean workers as “slaves” and “bonded unfree labour” are remarkably divorced from reality. It would be an understatement to say that the workers have volunteered for work. Actually, in order to be selected for an overseas work stint, almost all candidates are engaged in a fierce competition, they usually pay significant bribes to the officials and use all available personal connections to secure a job. It is significant that authorities while selecting people for manual work overseas tend to give preference to privileged groups (party members and residents of Pyongyang). The article makes extensive use of interviews with North Korean construction workers.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: migration

value: DPRK

value: foreign workers

value: Russia

value: corruption

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Fedorovsky, Aleksandr N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fedorovsky A. N. Russian politics in the Korean direction: Priorities, challenges, opportunities. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University, International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 191– 205.

dc.description.abstract

value: This article analyses the results of thirty years of Russia’s policy towards the Korean peninsula, since the establishment of diplomatic relations between Moscow and Seoul in 1990. The dynamics, scale, and nature of the economic interaction between the two countries are assessed against the backdrop of stagnation, in the same period, in trade and economic relations between Russia and the DPRK. The main trends of South Korean private investments in Russia are examined. A lack of progress is observed in the implementation of major projects in transport, gas industry, and electric power industry, which imply trilateral cooperation between Russia, South Korea, and North Korea. Despite political dialogue at a bilateral level between Moscow and Seoul, Moscow and Pyongyang, the instability of inter-Korean relations has become a serious obstacle to the implementation of trilateral projects. The main challenges faced by North and South Korea, their priorities in foreign policy, the possibility of developing inter-Korean relations in these conditions, and the position of Russia and China on a Korean settlement are compared. The possible economic transition of DPRK to a market economy is also analysed as a factor in regional cooperation. The role and position of Russia and China on negotiations of North Korea’s missile and nuclear projects are described as well as the assessment of prospects for strengthening Russian policy on the Korean peninsula in economics, political and security issues. Lastly, the correlation of Russian regional developmental priorities with the position of South Korea on this issue is considered and an outlook on the integration processes in Northeast Asia with the participation of China, Japan, and the ROK, and the possibility of Russia’s cooperation, is provided.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: APR

value: Indo-Pacific region

value: regional integration

value: mega-projects

value: USA

value: China

value: Japan

value: India

value: the Republic of Korea


dc.contributor.author

value: Lantsova, Irina S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lantsova I. S. Prospects of energy cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Korea in the context of establishing of the Asian Super Grid. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 251–264.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article presents the results of comparative analysis of energy sector reforms undertaken in Russia and South Korea in the 2000s that are aimed at decentralizing their energy sectors, previously dominated by one state-owned energy company. The article demonstrates that although the energy sector reforms in both nations took place simultaneously and with similar aims, Russia completed its reform, while Korea abandoned decentralization midway. Research behind this article compares the outcomes of the energy sector reforms from two perspectives. First, it compares the outcomes of the reforms from the viewpoint of their contribution to an increase in the share of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in national energy balances. Second, it compares the outcomes of the reforms from the viewpoint of their compatibility with integration of the energy systems into wider networks, using the Asian Super Grid and Inter-Korean Connector as examples. It appeared that despite Russia ha- ving completed its reform, while Korea abandoned it halfway, both countries made significant progress in terms of increasing energy production from renewable sources. At the same time, Russia, thanks to its ability to complete the reform, is better prepared to integrate its energy system into wider networks. The article concludes that Korea’s unpreparedness to incorporate its energy system into wider networks creates an obstacle to the country’s further progress towards a greater share of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the nation’s energy balance.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Research behind this article was supported by the Korea Foundation in the framework of the research project “New Eastern Policy of Russia in the context of cooperation in the field of energy security in Northeast Asia and its meaning for the Republic of Korea”, Pure ID 36308354.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 13; Issue 2

value: renewables

value: energy

value: integration

value: East Asia

value: Korea

value: Asian Super Grid

value: power system interconnection

value: international cooperation


dc.contributor.author

value: Lanko, Dmitry A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lanko D. A. Russian and Japanese approaches to the Korean Peninsula: A comparison from a societal viewpoint. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 238–250.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article compares Russian and Japanese approaches to security on and around the Korean Peninsula from the viewpoint of the English school of international studies. The English school is not a popular approach to international studies in Russia, where many scholars and decision-makers believe that international society is an instrument that helps Western nations to pursue their interests, not an alliance based on shared values. Russian scholars and decision-makers do not view their relationship with any of the main stakeholders in the debate on Korean security, including the U.S., China, Japan, and two Korean states, as a relationship based on shared values. At the same time, Russian scholars and decision-makers admit that their country has some interests in common with all stakeholders of the debate on Korean security, including Japan. In Japan, the English school is a popular approach to international studies, and the belief that Japan belongs to the same international society as the U.S. is widely spread among both scholars and decision-makers. At the same time, the intensifying conflict between Japan and South Korea makes scholars and decision-makers in the former country believe that the relationship between the two countries is not grounded in shared values, despite some common interests. The Japanese-South Korean conflict, on the Asian border of international society, necessitates revisiting the issue of limits on the enlargement of the international society.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Core University Program for Korean Studies through the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and Korean Studies Promotion Service of the Academy of Korean Studies (AKS-2016-OLU-2250002).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Russia

value: Japan

value: international relations

value: English school

value: international society

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kurbanov, Sergei O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kurbanov S. O. Russian 1904–1905 newspapers about Russian-Korean relations and Korean envoy Lee Beom-jin. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 155–168.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article introduces new information about the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, which can be gleaned from publications of the Russian press during this period. Newspaper articles about military operations of the Russian army troops on the Korean peninsula, as well as about the situation in Korea in general, change of Korean foreign policy, etc., are especially valuable. Russian newspapers of 1904–1905 contain new facts proving that the Korean peninsula was an important military theater of operations during the Russo-Japanese war. Currently, the Republic of Korea is paying special attention to the first Korean envoy who permanently resided in Russia, Lee Beom-jin (1852–1911). Russian newspapers from 1904–1905 reopen new pages in the history of his life and activities in St. Petersburg. With the help of Russian journalists from that time, who often visited the Korean legation in St. Petersburg, the modern reader has the opportunity to learn more about the Korean envoy by reading his interviews, which were previously not known to the global scientific community.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Core University Program for Korean Studies through the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the Korean Studies Promotion Service of the Academy of Korean Studies (AKS-2016-OLU-2250002).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Russian-Japanese war

value: envoy

value: interview

value: Lee Beom-jin


dc.contributor.author

value: Tabanakova, Vera D.

value: Kokorina, Yulia G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tabanakova V. D., Kokorina Yu. G. Linguistic modelling of archaeological terminology: From archaeological description to parametric. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (2): 323–342.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article attempts to systematize the terminology of archaeological ceramics. The terminological nomination of the ancient vessels appears to be of an arbitrary nature, which inevitably leads to term-sign asymmetry — there are several different objects behind one word and vice versa — the same thing has different names. The asymmetry of the archaeological term is explained by the fact that it does not go through all the stages of the special concept formation — from systematization, classification of the experimental material to generalization and choice of a term-sign. For more than a hundred years, scientists have been trying to formalize the description of ancient vessels, but there is still no single approach to regulation of the terminology. A brief review of the studies on archaeological ceramics has shown that researchers offer different sets of characteristics while separate, even classifying characteristics, do not solve the problem of the formalized description of archaeological terminology. The conceptual analysis of the ancient vessel descriptions has revealed 11 universal parameters: shape, function, constructive parameter, obligatory structural elements, metric parameter, degree of the metric parameter manifestation, proportions, quantitative parameter, cultural-geographical parameter, chronological parameter, and material of construction. The paper describes the parametric analysis of the terminology of ancient vessels in several stages — the selection of the description of the vessels’ names and the term definitions; the analysis of the ancient vessels’ descriptions in order to identify and group all the characteristics into parameters. The parametric analysis made it possible to classify all the terms into monosemantic ones — with a specific set and content of the parameters and polysemantic, which differ in the set or in the content of the parameters.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: archaeological term-sign asymmetry

value: linguistic modelling