dc.contributor.author

value: Hoffecker, John F.

value: Pitulko, Vladimir V.

value: Pavlova, Elena Y.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Hoffecker J. F., Pitulko V. V., Pavlova E. Y. Beringia and the Settlement of the Western Hemisphere. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 882–909. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.313

dc.description.abstract

value:
Previously, we addressed the problem of what variable(s) limited widespread human settlement
of the Americas before ~15 ka. We concluded that while non-modern human taxa (e. g.,
Neanderthals) probably did not inhabit high-latitude environments (due to cold climate and/
or low plant and animal productivity) and thus could not disperse in the Western Hemisphere via Beringia, modern humans likely were denied access to mid-latitude North America >15 ka
by coastal and interior ice sheets. Here we reexamine the problem with respect to modern humans
in light of a revised chronology for glaciers and sea level, new research in paleo-genomics,
and some new archaeological discoveries. During 35–30 ka, a lineage with west Eurasian
roots occupied the Great Arctic Plain and may have expanded into eastern arctic Beringia
and mid-latitude North America via an ice-free corridor. An East Asian lineage associated
with microblade technology occupied the Lena Basin during the LGM and expanded onto the
Great Arctic Plain >15 ka, possibly as early as the GI 2 interstadial (24–23 ka). Their immediate
descendants probably occupied the southern Bering Land Bridge and Northwest Pacific
coast >15 ka and dispersed widely in the Western Hemisphere during GI 1 (14.5–12.9 ka),
primarily if not exclusively via a coastal route. The coalesced Laurentide and Cordilleran ice
sheets blocked interior access to mid-latitude America until 13.8 ± 0.5 ka (and possibly later
due to the length and narrow width of the ice-free corridor >13 ka).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (projects No. 16-18-10265 and
No. 21-18-00457).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: settlement of the Americas

value: Beringia

value: Northern Asia

value: modern humans

value: paleogenetics

value: sea level change

value: glacier pulse

value: paleoecology

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kodin, Evgenii V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kodin E. V. The Beginning of British Post-war Belarusian Studies. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 983–997. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.318 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The initial period of British Belarusian studies was significantly different from the process of
formation of research on Belarus in the United States. There was no intervention of special
services; the state and political establishment of the kingdom showed no interest in Belarusian
issues. In such a situation, the first works on Belarusian history in the UK were prepared by
representatives of the insignificant Belarusian emigrant diaspora. The inspirer and organizer,
as well as the author of historical publications, was the president of the Belarusian Central
Rada, appointed to this post at the end of 1943 by the Nazis in occupied Minsk, Radoslaw Ostrowski.
Radoslaw Ostrowski’s collaborationist track record is considerable. This includes the
creation of civil administration bodies in Minsk, Briansk, Smolensk, Mogilev; the formation
of Belarusian military units to fight partisans; cooperation with the CIA in post-war Germany
with projects to prepare an anti-Soviet underground in Belarus, and more. Ostrowski considered
the “Bolshevik Moscow” to be the “mortal enemy” of Belarus, which, in his assessment,
did not want to see the Belarusian people free at any time. That was the reason for an explicitly
anti-Russian attitude in all the London publications prepared by Radoslaw Ostrowski and his
son Viktor, who was arrested in the fall of 1939 in Vilnius by the NKVD and sentenced to
8 years of camps, joined the army of General Anders, which at the end of the war was transferred
to England and demobilized here.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project
No. 20-59-00001/20 “Modern foreign historical Belarusian studies: Тhe evolution of methodological approaches
and assessments”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: history of Belarus

value: British Belarusian studies

value: Belarusian post-war emigration

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Ragozin, German S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ragozin G. S. The Emergence of Habsburgs in Early Works of Joseph von Hormayr. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 833–846. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.310 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper deals with the issue of emergence of the Austrian historical myth in the early
19th century. The identity crisis in Austria, Holy Roman Empire and Habsburg possessions due
to the French revolution and collapse of the “Old empire” brought a discussion on loyalty towards
dynasty, throne, and the state. Relations of Habsburgs with their non-Germanic realms
also underwent a transformation connected with the creation of the Austrian empire in 1804.
Intellectuals in the early 19th century Vienna were faced with the challenge to revisit the remains
of the old model of identity and relationships between the state and the society in a new
context. The new model combining romanticism and conservatism pursued to find a model
of “natural” relations between the sovereign, state and society. Joseph von Hormayr was the
author of concepts for Austrian history, Habsburg dynasty, and its relations with the society
in the early 19th century. He justified them with legitimism, dynastic patriotism, and general
historical memory. “The Austrian Plutarch” made an impact on Austrian historical memory
in the 19th century. The images of early Habsburgs were supposed to demonstrate the role of
monarchy in the success of the state, social stability, and European balance. The essays showed
the moral right of the dynasty to leadership in Germany and Central Europe. Hormayr disseminated
the concepts of “Austrian freedom” in the Empire, “putting an end to the anarchy”,
consistent centralization of Southern-eastern German areas, and its support from estates. The
sovereigns appeared both in the image of mobilization figures for the duchy and neighboring
countries, and possessors of the personal features turning Austria into the Empire later.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

value: Austrian history

value: the Habsburg monarchy

value: historical memory

value: historical myth

value: Joseph von Hormayr

value: conservatism


dc.contributor.author

value: Gardocki, Wiktor

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gardocki W. Censorship and the Potential Texts in Poland during the Late Communist Period. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 863–881. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.312

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the mechanisms of censorship in the 1980s in the People’s Republic of
Poland as well as its consequences that still affect the present. It examines examples of the
works subjected to the control as well as the writers of the period, including those who were
banned from printing in the country. It indicates fragments of texts once removed from books
and discusses works that could not be published in Poland in the 1980s. References are made
to the three literary spheres existing at that time in the People’s Republic of Poland: in the
first, the “official” one, freedom of speech was significantly limited, and all texts were checked
by the Main Office for the Control of Presentations and Public Performances (Główny Urząd
Kontroli Prasy, Publikacji i Widowisk); the second (drugi obieg), also described as the free,
underground, independent publishing sphere, was not subject to censorship and was illegal,
according to the laws in force at that time; the third sphere was émigré literature, by which we
mean Polish language materials published abroad. The aim of this article is to show the complexity
of this situation as well as its consequences for the present day.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research is financed from the grant received from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher
Education under the “Regional initiative of excellence” programme for the years 2019–2022, project
No. 09/RID/2018/19.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: censorship

value: unpublished texts

value: writers

value: People’s Republic of Poland

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Radulović, Milica

dc.identifier.citation

value: Radulović M. Discourse of Loyalty, Subjecthood and Citizenship: from Medieval to Modern Practices. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 930–944. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.315

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses historical, linguistic, and discursive aspects of the nouns loyalty, subjecthood,
and citizenship. Тhe focus is on the historical lexico-semantic changes of the three nouns,
which demonstrate that denotations are modified in different historical contexts. The analysis
starts with D. Sperber and D. Wilson’s assumption that the correspondence between concepts
and words may be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or a combination of these since it
is quite implausible that there is an exhaustive one-to-one mapping between mental concepts
and public words. Words can be used in different contexts and discourses, and the synchronic
semasiological approach may not always provide the full specification of word meaning, especially
when the meaning of abstract nouns is analyzed. As argued by H.-J. Schmid, the formation
of concrete concepts is different from the formation of abstract concepts, the latter being
more complex as it can depend on many different experiences, which can make it difficult
to form a single stable abstract concept. In the report on their experiments, S. J. Crutch and
E. K. Warrington’s assertion would be that abstract concepts are represented in an associative
neural network while concrete concepts have a categorical organization. This suggests that
concrete words are more likely to be understood adequately, and, vice versa, abstract words —
inadequately. Moreover, our understanding of words and the world can change over time because
our experiences and historical circumstances can and do change. This article considers
the issue of abstract concept-formation with regard to both synchronic and diachronic
lexico-semantic aspects of the nouns loyalty, subjecthood, and citizenship. These aspects are
analyzed in accordance with the lexico-semantic frameworks provided by the second edition of the University of Glasgow’s Historical Thesaurus of English. The aim is to demonstrate that
the meanings of the three nouns can be understood more adequately if their lexico-semantic
features are compared and contrasted not only synchronically but also diachronically. Another
aim is to show that a better understanding of the nouns relies on both synchronically and
diachronically contextualized knowledge.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: loyalty

value: subjecthood

value: citizenship

value: concept

value: lexico-semantic features

value: synchronic

value: diachronic


dc.contributor.author

value: Martin, Alexander M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Martin A. M. Medical Geography and Civil Society in the Russian Empire. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 1017–1027. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.320

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the intellectual construction of empires in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, one of
the principal building blocks was medical geography. A discipline located at the boundary of
medicine, ethnography, sociology, and geography, medical geography devoted itself to understanding
the social and environmental factors that neo-Hippocratic medicine thought determined
public health. Thanks to A History of Medicine and Medical Geography in the Russian
Empire, co-written by a team of researchers under the direction of E. Vishlenkova and A. Renner,
there exists for the first time a study of the role played by medical geography in the development
of the Russian Empire. The book begins by discussing what it calls the infrastructure
of Russian medico-geographic research: the top-level medical agencies, the system of Baltic
maritime quarantines, the training and career paths of physicians, and the development of
medical associations. Then it examines the findings of medico-geographic researchers, discussing
the climate theories of early modern European medical thinkers and the development
in Russia of the three principal forms of medico-geographic writing — statistics, mapmaking,
and narrative “medico-topographical descriptions”. The final section offers a series of case studies from spaces as diverse as Lithuania, the Kazakh steppe, the Arctic shipping route, and
global voyages of the vessels of the imperial Russian navy. Systematically placing Russia in
the comparative framework of European empires and alternating in its perspective between
St Petersburg and distant frontiers, the book explores how medical geography and its practitioners
connected Russia with Europe and helped simultaneously to form the imperial state,
the Russian nation, and a nascent civil society.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the grant No. 21-78-10052 “From the Cadiz сonstitution to the
Petersburg uprising: Transfer of discourses, ideas, emotions in the Biedermeier era” of the Russian Science
Foundation.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: medical geography

value: empire

value: civil society

value: medical profession

value: frontiers

value: statistics

value: mapmaking

value: public health


dc.contributor.author

value: Shakhin, Yurii V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shakhin Y. V. Informal Ties in Party-State Bureaucracy of Yugoslavia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 847–862. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.311 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article investigates informal ties among the Yugoslav party-state bureaucracy in 1945–
1965 in order to identify their influence on the disintegration processes in Yugoslavia. Interaction
through unofficial channels was based on solid social-cultural preconditions and played a
significant role in the life of the country. Informal ties could be formed due to military service
or employment, family or friendship connections, but ties of compatriot character are most
fully represented in the sources. They were lined up on a vertical basis in accordance with the
existing administrative-territorial division and were predominately used to achieve some kind
of material benefits. Until the early 1950s, compatriot ties could be used both in the interests
of the center and subordinate regions, but afterwards only the latter option remained, so they
quickly turned into a mechanism of lobbying regional interests in central bodies. Compatriot
ties were closely intertwined with parochialism and particularism and fueled by the mood of
the masses. For example, there were difficulties in nominating candidates of non-local origin
during elections. There were politicians who did not follow the requests of their compatriots,
but presumably they were in minority. Since the 1950s, there had been a tendency to institutionally
include compatriot ties in the governing bodies, in particular, the principle of proportional
regional representation had been established in state and party bodies. Already in the
early 1960s this course undermined the efficiency of the central government. To which extent
this result was determined by the role of compatriot ties system or other factors has yet to be
researched, but it can be stated that the system of informal ties became one of the factors in
the disintegration of Yugoslavia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: federal Yugoslavia

value: party-state bureaucracy

value: informal ties

value: compatriot ties

value: lobbying interests

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Manichev, Sergey A.

value: Lepekhin, Nikolay N.

value: Ilyina, Olga N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Manichev S. A., Lepekhin N. N., Ilyina O. N. The Russian version of “Core Self-Evaluation Scale”: Psychometric testing and prospects of using. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 285–308. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.304 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents a theoretical description and psychometric testing of the Russian version
of the “Core Self-Evaluation Scale” (CSEs (Ru)). The scale of CSE is an integral indicator that reflects of a personal resources of proactive behavior, as well as a generalized dispositional predictor
of job satisfaction and positive self-assessment of the results of activity. The validation
and psychometric testing were conducted in several stages, the total number of respondents
N = 917, who work in Moscow, St Petersburg, Belgorod, and other Russian cities, between
the ages of 18 and 60, of which 62 % are female and 38 % are male. The design of the study
included methods: an adapted Russian version of the Core Self-Evaluation scale by Judge et
al., 5PFQ as adapted by A. B. Hromov, Generalized self-efficacy scale, Schwarzer, Jerusalem as
adapted by V. G. Romek, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Locus of control as adapted by Ksenofontova,
Gallup’s Q12 Employee Engagement Survey. A two-factor structure of the CSEs (Ru)
was identified which includes positive and negative core self-evaluation scales. The CSEs (Ru)
demonstrated a satisfactory reliability. The validation testing demonstrated significant correlations
with self-esteem, level of subjective control, self-efficacy, neuroticism, и engagement.
The CSEs (Ru) includes 10 items and has a sufficient preliminary reliability and validity, making
it a useful tool when measuring the core self-evaluation of organizations’ staff. Diversities
of the negative core self-evaluation level’s strength within respondents of different age and
sex were identified. Сore self-evaluation level is important in staffing work teams of different
professional specialization as a predictor of proactive behavior and team resilience. Further
research could be focused on the proof of the measurement’s reliability and validity when
measuring of proactive behavior in teams.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was sponsored by the Russian Science Foundation, project “The concept of sustainable
development of teams in organization” no. 22-28-1222.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: personnel

value: core self-evaluation scale

value: self-efficacy

value: locus of control

value: neuroticism

value: self-esteem

value: work team


dc.contributor.author

value: Mikhailova, Nadezhda F.

value: Krasko, Anastasia S.

value: Fattakhova, Margarita E.

value: Mironova, Margarita A.

value: Vyacheslavova, Ekaterina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mikhailova N. F., Krasko A. S., Fattakhova M. E., Mironova M. A., Vyacheslavova E. V. Adaptation of deaf and hard-of-hearing people self-identification scale (DIDS). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 309–330. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.305 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
One obstacle in understanding deafness as a cultural difference is the absence of models and
methods that could study the acculturation or identity of deaf people in modern Russia. Approbation
and validation of deaf and hard-of-hearing people self-identification scale (DIDS), based
on the Glickman model of the development of cultural identity, could contribute to the study
of acculturation of deaf people in Russia, and create a reliable methodological tool for practical
psychologists working in the system of special secondary and higher professional education. The
purpose of this article is to present materials of the step-by-step psychometric verification of the
DIDS questionnaire, obtained on a sample of deaf and hard of hearing students studying in different
institutional settings, aged 17 to 41 (N = 420, M = 21.88; SD = 5.24). Confirmatory factor
analysis (CFA) showed that all scales are independent of each other. To check the consistency
of the scales, the Cronbach coefficient was used. It demonstrated high consistency of each scale
in the general sample (α-Cronbach from 0.704 to 0.767), as well as on subsamples of men and
women (α-Cronbach from 0.629 to 0.801) and in different age groups (α-Cronbach from 0.687
to 0.862). To check the stability of the scales, an analysis was also carried out on subsamples of
persons with varying degrees of hearing loss (α-Cronbach from 0.653 to 0.832) and without it
(α-Cronbach from 0.688 to 0.801). To check the internal consistency of the questionnaire, a correlation
analysis was carried out both within the scales and between them. The results obtained
confirmed the conformity of the considered construct. As a result, the Russian adaptation of the
American DIDS scale was reduced by 20 statements, which increased the internal consistency
and reliability of the methodology. Analysis of the psychometric properties of the DIDS scale
confirmed the possibility of its usage in deaf and hard of hearing Russians.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant no. 19-013-00406.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: identification

value: acculturation

value: deaf

value: biculturalism

value: marginality


dc.contributor.author

value: Volodina, Ksenia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Volodina K. A. The image of the future profession among psychology students at the initial stage of professional training. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 347–359. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.307

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with issues of studying and shaping the image of a future profession as conceived
by psychology students at first stages of their professional training in higher education
institutions. The topicality of the research lies in the necessity to design a model for building
the future profession’s image in this group of students. Such a model should advance knowledge
of the occupation being obtained and of the future professional activities. The research
objective was the theoretical and empirical substantiation of the model for shaping the image
of a future profession among psychology students at the initial stage of vocational training at
a university. The study suggests that the structure of image of the future profession consists
of three parts: motivational, cognitive, and emotional. These components are interconnected,
building an integrated whole, which was confirmed by correlation and factor analyses. Five
types of the image of future profession were identified in psychology students. At the stage of
the ascertaining experiment of the study, the following distribution of the sample according to
the types of image of the future profession was revealed: “Non-professional” and “Professional
marginal”— 33 %, “Professionally Knowledgeable”— 48 %, “Pre-professional” and “Professional”—
19 %. The study proved that the formation of the image of the future profession
among psychology students at the initial stage of professional training can be facilitated by the
introduction of a comprehensive program. The results of the study will be useful to universities
in shaping the image of the future profession of first-year students.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 3

value: image of profession

value: psychologist

value: types image of profession

value: university students

dc.type

value: Article


title: Preface

dc.contributor.author

value: Grishina, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Preface. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, p. 222-225.

dc.description.abstract

value: Preface

dc.language.iso

value: ru


dc.contributor.author

value: Karpinski, Konstantin V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Karpinski K. V. Psychological factors of anti-vaccination behavior of Belarusians in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, рр. 265–284. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the results of a theoretical and empirical study of the psychological factors
of refusal from preventive vaccinations against COVID-19 during an active campaign for mass vaccination of the population of Belarus. Among these factors, the individual characteristics of
the subjective perception of the likelihood of infection, the severity of the course and consequences
of coronavirus infection, as well as the effectiveness and safety of anticovid vaccination
were considered; general attitudes in the field of vaccination and health care; and value attitudes
towards health and life. The prevalence of the main categories of vaccination behavior — proand
antivaccinational — was determined in the Belarusian population sample; the peculiarities
of the cognitive assessment of COVID-19 and anticovid vaccination inherent in Belarusians, as
well as their meaning-related determinants, were revealed; psychological differences between
people with different directions of vaccination behavior are revealed; identified psychological
predictors of antivaccination behavior. The empirical study was conducted on a representative
population sample of residents of the Republic of Belarus (N = 582, aged from 18 to 49 years,
178 men and 404 women), using questionnaire methods, as well as standardized personality
questionnaires: “Scale of Basic Value”, “Scale of Healthcare Attitudes”, “Scale of Antivaccination
Attitudes”. The results of the study indicate that generalized and nonspecific factors prevail in
the regulation of the antivaccination behavior of Belarusians in the context of the coronavirus
pandemic, which are associated with personal comprehension and cognitive assessment not so
much of a new type of coronavirus infection and anti-vaccines offered to the population, but of
the national healthcare system in general and vaccination as such. In this case, the leading factors
and predictors of anti-vaccination behavior of Belarusians are general negative attitudes —
anti-vaccination, anti-drug and anti-bureaucratic attitudes. In the course of the study, psychometrically
developed and validated the original Russian-language “Scale of Antivaccination Attitudes”,
designed to change the generalized negative-evaluative (skeptical-distrustful) attitude of
the subject to vaccines and vaccination in general. The results obtained indicate the compliance
of its measuring properties with conventional psychometric standards.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: COVID-19 pandemic

value: vaccination

value: vaccination behavior

value: anti-vaccine attitudes

value: health attitudes

value: health value

value: basic value


dc.contributor.author

value: Soldatova, Galina U.

value: Chigarkova, Svetlana V.

value: Ilyukhina, Svetlana N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Soldatova G. U., Chigarkova S. V., Ilyukhina S. N. Ideas about real and digital worlds as part of the current worldview of adolescents and parents in a digital society: Possibilities for adaptation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, рр. 226–248. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.301 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The introduction of digital devices into all spheres of life has led to a significant restructuring
of our everyday life and the world of the modern person. The real world is increasingly and
actively extended by the digital environment, forming a historically unique life in a mixed
online and offline reality. Psychology still lacks analyses of the worldview of adolescents most
actively socialized in real and virtual spaces and comparisons with perceptions of elder generations
that would contribute to understanding the choice of behavioral strategies of different
generations and their adaptation to digital transformations. This study compares representations
of real and virtual spaces as components of the world picture in adolescents and parents
with different levels of user activity, digital competence, and value orientations. The sample
was comprised of 282 adolescents aged 14–17 and 337 parents of adolescents of the same age.
Adolescents’ pictures of the real and virtual worlds converge, while parents keep these worlds
apart in their general system of perceptions. Adolescents and parents have different visions of
the virtual world, while they are in common perceptions of the real world. The more time both
adolescents and parents spend online, the more positive they perceive the virtual world, which
is also characteristic of parents with a high level of digital competence. Adolescents with various
value orientations differ in their perceptions of the real world only, while parents differ
in their perceptions of both the real world and the virtual world. Thus, compared to the parents’
generation, adolescents, in addition to a generally positive picture of the world and high
importance of the real world, also had more positive views of the virtual space and actively
adapted to a mixed reality, which could act as a good psychological resource for adapting to
major changes and shocks in the pandemic and the transition to distance learning.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: worldview

value: ideas about the world

value: teenagers

value: parents

value: real world

value: digital world


dc.contributor.author

value: Yavorovskaya, Anastasia D.

value: Leonov, Sergey V.

value: Yakushina, Anastasia A.

value: Rasskazova, Elena I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yavorovskaya A. D., Leonov S. V., Yakushina A. A., Rasskazova E. I. Features of coping behavior in injured athletes. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, рр. 360–375. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.308 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Coping behavior plays a significant role in the recovery of an injured athlete. Identifying the
features of coping behavior can make an invaluable contribution to the development of such
a problem as the psychological rehabilitation of an athlete. The objective of this study was
to examine the features of coping behavior of injured athletes. The study sample consisted
of 279 professional athletes of various sports, who, for the purposes of the study, filled out
the following questionnaires: a balanced scale of life satisfaction (basic needs) and a scale
of emotional state of E. Diener and a COPE questionnaire designed to measure situational
coping strategies and dispositional styles. Depending on the gender, the classification of the
sport, the number and severity of injuries, the athlete gravitates towards different coping
strategies. We have found a link between the general well-being of the injured athlete and
coping strategies such as positive reformulation, emotional focus, and humor. Based on the
results of the one-way analysis of variance, we partially confirmed our hypothesis that there
are differences in the coping strategies used by athletes representing different categories:
gender, sport classification, number of injuries, and severity of injury. The performed correlation
partly confirmed our assumption that there is a relationship between the general
well-being of the injured athlete and the coping strategies used. Despite the fact that the
correlation coefficients showed low values, we believe that this is due to the heterogeneity
of our sample.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 19-78-10134.

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: coping behavior

value: sports injuries

value: coping strategy

value: sports psychology

value: overcoming injuries in sports

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kryukova, Ekaterina A.

value: Kornilova, Tatiana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kryukova E. A., Kornilova T. V. Empathy and attitude to uncertainty and risk-readiness in Russian doctors. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 331– 346. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.306 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
One important part of the problem of medical uncertainty is the psychological profiles of
doctors of different specialties, as well as the role of empathy in their activities. This article tests hypotheses about the specificity of the relationship between empathy and attitudes towards
uncertainty and risk in the personal profile of doctors of different specialties and, in
particular, among psychiatrists. Testing the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE), we used: Medical
Risk Scale; Budner’s Scale of Tolerance-Intolerance of Ambiguity, Personal decision-making
factors (LFR-21), and the Dirty Dozen (DD) to identify the properties of the Dark Triad. The
study involved 265 people: 112 doctors (Mage = 36.8; SD = 8.6), as well as 153 students who
were also included in the JSE approbation. Samples of doctors included: 1) 46 psychiatrists
in Moscow (Mage = 38.4, SD = 8.4), of whom 39 are women; 2) 66 doctors of other specialties
(Mage = 41.01, SD = 12.8), of which 37 are women. Doctors with expressed personal riskreadiness
rated average riskiness for transferring a decision to another one lower, but at the
same time, the average risk level when postponing a decision was higher. The Jefferson Scale of
Empathy in a Russian-speaking sample of doctors showed a similar three-factor structure to
the English-speaking sample. Empathy scales are associated with a positive attitude of doctors
to uncertainty and risk, also with their risk assessments in medical decisions, and are included
in the differentiation of latent profiles (in a sample of psychiatrists).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: empathy

value: risk-readiness

value: rationality

value: tolerance to uncertainty

value: Jefferson Scale of Empathy

value: Medical Risk Scale


dc.contributor.author

value: Rzhanova, Irina E.

value: Alekseeva, Olga S.

value: Albov, Aleksandr S.

value: Burdukova, Yulia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rzhanova I. E., Alekseeva O. S., Albov A. S., Burdukova Yu. A. Gender differences in values among representatives of the millennial generation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, рр. 249–264. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines gender differences in basic individual values among representatives of
the millennial generation and older generations. Values are stable characteristics of a person
that determine goals, judgments, actions, and behavior. The structure of values depends
on various factors, such as age, gender, social status, education, etc. Generational differences
influencing the formation of values are of particular interest. The main focus of the work is
aimed at studying the generation of millennials, who now make up the most active part of
the population. In total, the study involved 949 people, 528 women and 421 men aged 18 to
70 years. The respondents were divided into 3 groups according to the years of their birth: the generation of stagnation (315 people, 46 % women), the reform generation (310 people, 61 %
women), the generation of millennials (324 people, 59 % women). The Portrait Questionnaire
by S. Schwartz was used to assess personal values. The questionnaire reveals 10 basic values:
Security, Conformity, Tradition, Self-Direction, Stimulation, Hedonism, Achievement, Power,
Benevolence, and Universalism. The main results of the study include the identified gender
differences in the group of millennials in the Self-Direction, Security, and Power. Men of the
reform generation (who grew up in the 1990s) have significantly higher preference of Stimulation
than women of the reform generation and representatives of the generation of stagnation.
Conformity, Tradition, Hedonism, and Achievement have the same value among men and
women regardless of age in our society. In general, compared to older generations, young
millennials prefer the values of Self-Enhancement and Openness to Change as opposed to the
values of Conservation and Self-Transcendence.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article prepared within a state task, project FNRE-2021-0001.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: values

value: generation differences

value: gender differences

value: millennial

value: Portrait Question-naire by S. Schwartz


title: Analysis of the results of application of the rational-emotive behaviour therapy for mothers of newborns with hypoxic affection of the central nervous system

dc.contributor.author

value: Mamaychuk, Irina I.

value: Milanich, Yulia M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mamaychuk I. I., Milanich Yu. M. Analysis of the results of application of the rational- emotive behaviour therapy for mothers of newborns with hypoxic affection of the central nervous system. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 3, pp. 376–390. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.309 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Parents of hospitalized newborns tend to experience more severe psychological distress. Relevant
to this is the impact on the specific irrational beliefs of mothers for the purpose of
improving adaptation to the life situation. It is necessary to study the possibilities of cognitivebehavioral
methods of intervention in working with this client category. The objective of this
work is to study the dynamics of distress indicators in mothers of newborns with hypoxic
affection of the central nervous system (CNS) in the process of the program developed on
the basis of rational-emotive behaviour therapy (REBT). The study included 98 mothers of
newborns with hypoxic affection of CNS. Based on the results of a semi-structured interview,
80 mothers were identified with a dysfunctional type of response to a life situation. The
intervention group (N = 50) received 8 REBT sessions for three weeks. The main target for
psychotherapy was irrational beliefs, which underlie negative emotions and non-constructive
ways coping with stress caused by hospitalization and facing information on the condition
and developmental prognosis of a newborn. The control group (N = 30) received one consultation
session. To assess the dynamics of distress indicators, the Integrative Anxiety Test and
Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale were used before and after the program in the intervention
group and with an interval of three weeks in the control group. In the intervention group, the
indicators of depression, situational anxiety, emotional discomfort and the phobic component
of anxiety decreased. In the control group, the indicators of situational anxiety and asthenic
component of anxiety decreased. In comparison with the control group, the mothers in the
intervention group showed more significant positive changes. The programs developed on the basis of REBT have moderate efficacy in reduction of the distress in mothers of newborns with
hypoxic affection of CNS.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-
013-00450 A).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: mothers

value: newborns

value: distress

value: rational-emotive behaviour therapy

value: effectiveness of psychotherapy

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kodintsev, Alexander Ya.

value: Rybin, Danil V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kodintsev, Alexander Ya., Danil V. Rybin. 2022. “Modern humanities on the legal activities of Anatoly Fedorovich Koni”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 821–836. https://doi. org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.316 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The study analyzes modern research on the life and work of the outstanding Russian lawyer
Anatoly Fedorovich Koni. Koni’s works are considered using modern analytic methods (content
analysis, narrative, discursive analysis, etc.). Authors study the narrative of the lawyer
(philologists and historians) and his linguistic personality (philologists). Seven dissertations
were defended, many books and hundreds of articles were published. Conferences were held
regularly. The memory of Koni is celebrated by many lawyers. Authors consider these studies
in a chronological order and using comparative analysis. Currently, active “production”
of publications on Koni’s work continues. Slightly more than half of publications represent a
rewriting of older legal publications; we skip these and consider only those works that have
contributed to the study of Koni and his environment. Of these publications, authors limited
the review to those works devoted to Koni’s legal and personal life. The study of a vast amount
of such work allows to identify the main experts in the field: Z. V. Baishev (philology) and
S. A. Domanova (history). Authors were able to fully learn about Koni’s literary gifts, to see his
theory of practical ethics, to understand many of the motives for his activities, and to create a
psychological portrait, learned much about Koni, his fight against drunkenness and prostitution,
relationship with the Soviet authorities, the influence of ethics on modern legal proceedings,
Koni’s psychology and psychologism, and his relations with the press. Koni’s epistolary
works await further, without which it is impossible to understand the motives of his actions. It
is necessary, finally, to reveal his contribution to the philosophy of law.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Anatoly Fedorovich Koni

value: chief prosecutor

value: district court

value: trial chamber

value: ethics

value: speech techniques

value: linguistic personality

value: judicial narrative

value: Russian judicial eloquence


dc.contributor.author

value: Russkevich, Evgeniy А.

value: Dmitrenko, Аndrey P.

value: Kadnikov, Nikolay G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Russkevich, Evgeniy А., Аndrey P. Dmitrenko, Nikolay G. Kadnikov. 2022. “Crisis and palingenesis (rebirth) of criminal law in the context of digitalization”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 585–598. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.301 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reveals how the influence of exponential and combinatorial technological changes
has led to a crisis in criminal law, expressed in the inability to perform its basic functions due
to impact of a permanently dynamic external environmental. The authors highlight the following
fundamental provisions that should be used when making decisions on modernizing
criminal law: the emergence of a new (informational) method of committing a crime does
not a priori indicate that it is more dangerous than traditional forms, but in many respects
indicates the problem of social control lagging behind the development of society and changes
in crime; the adaptation of norms of the criminal law to conditions of the information society
should not be associated with constructing “digital twins” of traditional criminal law prohibitions;
the introduction of appropriate amendments to the content of norms is justified only
in cases where the adaptive capacity of criminal legislation to digital crime exhausts itself; the
recognition of the use of information technologies as a qualifying feature of a crime in general
must comply with the criteria for differentiating criminal liability justified in science. The
article separately substantiates that the emergence of a “digital personality” will complete the
beginning of the transition from the traditional criminal law of the industrial society of the
20th century to the criminal law of the digital world of the 21st century (Criminal Law 2.0).
This is due to the fact that artificial intelligence and “digital personality” will fundamentally
change the scope of criminal law protection.

value: criminal law

value: criminal policy

value: informatization

value: information technology

value: information security

value: computer crime

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Liu, Xiaohong

value: Zhang, Zhengyi

value: Gong, Nan

dc.identifier.citation

value: Liu Xiaohong, Zhang Zhengyi, Gong Nan. 2022. “Implication and development of the legal system of the pilot free trade zones with Chinese characteristics”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 629–660. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.304 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Ever since its birth, the legal system of the Pilot Free Trade Zones with Chinese characteristics
has face a relatively severe external environment and realistic internal motivation. Through
the exploration of institutionalizing authorized legislation, the legal system of the Pilot Free
Trade Zones has formed a multi-level normative system. Five areas represented by investment
system reform, trade facilitation, financial reform, administration, and dispute settlement
mechanisms constitute the core contents of the legal innovation of Pilot Free Trade Zones with Chinese characteristics. The legal system of the zones is a top-level design of China’s
response to the complicated international background, the inevitable requirement to promote
institution-based opening-up, the centralized embodiment of high standard economic and
trade rules, the inevitable way to improve social and global governance, and the experimental
field to promote the practice and innovation of the rule of law reform. With the upgrade and
expansion of Pilot Free Trade Zones, the establishment of Hainan Free Trade Port, the zones
face corresponding challenges of capacity upgrade, replication and promotion, and pilot acceleration,
which need to further expand the function of integrated innovation, in line with
the international economic and trade standards, to promote deepening reform and achieve
high quality development. The rule of law construction in China’s pilot free trade zones should
adhere to the combination of the positioning of the rule of law and problem orientation, further
clarify the positioning of the rule of law in the pilot free trade zones under the conditions
of high-level opening up, and strengthen the state’s top-level design for the legislation of the
pilot zones across the country. Focus on the implementation and promotion of the rule of law
construction in China’s pilot free trade zones.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: free trade zones

value: legal system

value: reform and innovation

value: Chinese characteristics

value: trade facilitation

value: investment rule

value: financial reform


dc.contributor.author

value: Wang, Guanglong

dc.identifier.citation

value: Wang Guanglong. 2022. “Criminal law regulation of countering cybercrime in China: State, trends and shortcomings”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 661–677. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.305 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In modern China, cybercrime is becoming more widespread, which has given rise to the need
to rethink criminal law at the basic theoretical level. It seems that when countering crimes
in cyberspace, it is necessary to shift the focus of cyber-criminal law from the traditional
“network-centric” to “data-oriented” and to build a system for the protecting legal benefits
of “data centralism”. In addition, the expansion of the objective components of cybercrime
should be moderate: certain cyber-violations cannot be qualified as “illegal entrepreneurship”,
as this contradicts the principle of legality of criminal law. The content of “knowingness” as a
sign of the subjective side of the crime should be rethought: it should include such different forms as: a) the presence of collusion with other persons to assist in the commission of criminal
acts; b) lack of collusion between the person providing assistance and the perpetrator,
but the previous one, knowing that a particular perpetrator he is going to commit a certain
criminal act, provides online support and assistance to the latter; c) online help providers who
only have a probable idea of the existence of criminal acts, but do not have a clear idea of the
culprit and the type of behavior of criminal acts, and as such there can be no collusion with the
perpetrator of criminal acts, only objectively assists the culprit’s act. The theoretical basis for
identifying complicity in cybercrime should be adjusted by approving “one-sided” subjective
connection. Ultimately, through systematic adjustment and rethinking of the basic theory of
criminal law in this area, the gradual improvement of criminal law norms to regulate the fight
against cybercrime in the era of information networks is being carried out.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This article was prepared as part of the China Scholarship Council (CSC) (No. 202110100004).

dc.subject

value: cyber criminal law

value: cybercrime

value: cyberspace

value: knowingness

value: complicity in cybercrime

value: one-sided accomplice


dc.contributor.author

value: Egorova, Tatiana I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Egorova, Tatiana I. 2022. “Ensuring ideological security in places of deprivation of liberty”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 617–628. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article analyzes law enforcement and law-making aspects of the security of convicts serving
sentences in places of deprivation of liberty. Main attention is paid to issues of preserving
traditional spiritual and moral values in the process of punishment, and achieving correction
of convicts in terms of forming respect for the rules and traditions of human community. The
importance of recognizing human dignity for determining the directions of development of
the rule of law and the formation of law-abiding behavior of convicts is noted. The problems
of the influence of criminal ideology on the process of serving a sentence, and the acceptance
of Nazi paraphernalia and symbols, are analyzed in particular. Based on the study of trends
in law enforcement and legal interpretation, an assessment of the validity of the introduction
of criminal liability for public justification or propaganda of extremism was carried out. A
discursive analysis of the spread of criminal extremist ideology in places of detention reflects
two main dangers: the unspoken stratification and caste system among convicts is aggravated,
which is often difficult to overcome in the process of re-socialization;, and secular culture
absorbs criminal traditions almost unhindered, taking and “being infected” with markers of
prison subcultures. The expansion of criminal responsibility in the sphere of countering the spread of the ideology of extremism associated with threats to state and public security, human
life and health, public order and the well-being of citizens is seen as a promising direction
of the legislative process.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: extremism

value: human dignity

value: fascism

value: AUE

value: ideology

value: propaganda

value: judicial practice

value: legislation

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ampovska, Marija

value: Kilinkarova, Elena V.

value: Misheva, Kristina

value: Nogaylieva, Fatima K.

value: Polenchuk, Maria D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ampovska, Marija, Elena V. Kilinkarova, Kristina Misheva, Fatima K. Nogaylieva, Maria D. Polenchuk. 2022. “Private pensions funds in North Macedonia and Russia”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 725–739. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.309

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article focuses on the reform of the pension systems in North Macedonia and Russia,
which resulted in switch from one-pillar to multi-pillar pension systems, and current legal
and institutional architecture in both legal systems with emphasis on private pension funds
which are widely recognized as the core drivers for the improvement of the living standards
of retirees. The article starts with the general overview of Macedonian and Russian pension
systems which provides the necessary background for understanding of the legal regime of
private pension funds. The general overview of the pension systems is followed by the detailed
analysis of the legal status of private pension funds in both countries, with more attention
being paid to the experience of North Macedonia where private pension funds play a more
important role in the pension system. In Russia private pension funds have shown their positive
effect, but their coverage in general is still moderate. The overview of general rules of taxation
of contributions to private pension funds and pensions concludes the article. The comparative
research allowed to make the conclusion that both countries have made different progress in
moving to a three-pillar pension system especially from the viewpoint of the established legal
and institutional framework, and the establishment and operation of the private funds, both
mandatory and voluntary.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This paper was supported by the European Commission, and is part of the Erasmus+ Programme,
Project Reference: 2020-1-MK01-KA107-077523, project card available at https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.
eu/projects/eplus-project-details project/2020-1-MK01-KA107-077523

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: pension system

value: mandatory pension

value: fully funded pension

value: voluntary pension

value: private pension funds

value: pension benefits

value: insurance contributions

value: taxation


dc.contributor.author

value: Klevtsov, Kirill K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Klevtsov, Kirill K. 2022. “International cooperation in the fight against cyberpression in the context of response to new challenges and threats”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 678–695. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.306 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article explores criminal procedure and other organizational and legal aspects of international
cooperation between states in the fight against cybercrime in the face of new challenges
and threats. The aim is to identify and consider formal and informal measures of international
cooperation in response to transnational cybercrime. Through legal analysis, we demonstrate
that such crimes, as a rule, have an international character, as they have negative consequences
on the territory of other sovereign countries. The author analyzes various forms of international
cooperation in the fight against crime, which include extradition (extradition), legal assistance
in criminal matters, transfer of criminal prosecution (judicial proceedings), as well as
informal cooperation between law enforcement agencies (international police cooperation),
in particular within the framework of US law called “СLOUD Act”. As an empirical basis for
the study, materials of Russian operational and investigative practice for 2018–2019, as well
as decisions of courts of foreign states, were used. However, the majority of law enforcement
agencies deliberately or without intent resort to the practice of obtaining evidence on cybercrimes
that are physically located on the territory of another country, independently, without
obtaining the consent of this state. This happens through a remote connection in real time
to the subscriber device of a criminally prosecuted person or its withdrawal from a victim or
witness located on the territory of the state by law enforcement agencies that conduct proceedings
on a cybercrime case with subsequent inspection to find information relevant to the case,
as well as through the use of other legal methods.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 3

value: cybercrime

value: international cooperation

value: jurisdiction

value: electronic information

value: service provider

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Garkusha-Bozhko, Sergei Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Garkusha-Bozhko, Sergei Yu. 2022. “On the question of the state succession legality”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 696–711. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.307 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
On December 10, 2019, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation issued Decision
№ 39-P, and in his opinion, judge Aranovskii described the USSR as an “illegitimately established
state” and called for Russia not to be considered the legal successor of the USSR.
Thus, judge Aranovskii touched upon the sphere of State succession, the regulation of which
is related to international law and not to constitutional law. In particular, Aranovskii raised
such problems as the legality of succession. Relevant provisions on legality are also included
in existing international treaties on the succession of states, such as the 1978 Vienna Convention
on the succession of states in respect to treaties and the 1983 Vienna Convention on the
succession of states in respect to state property, state archives, and public debts, as well as
Articles on the nationality of natural persons in relation to the succession of states. The issue
of the legality of state succession was also highlighted in the second report on the issue of state
succession in respect of responsibility for internationally wrongful acts by the International Law Commission Special Rapporteur Pavel Šturma. Research on this issue is important because
the provisions on Russia as the legal successor to the USSR were proposed as one of the
amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which will be approved by the
Russian people in an all-Russian vote. In order to make a legal assessment of the legality of
state succession, it is important to analyse the history of the relevant provisions in existing international
treaties, as well as to analyse the relevant international legal practice on this issue.
This research will assess the reasonableness of both the opinion of judge Aranovskii and the
corresponding amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

dc.subject

value: state succession

value: succession legality

value: the Russian Federation succession

value: succession in relation to responsibility

value: universal succession

value: obligations ex delicto

value: theory of material substitution

value: negative theory


dc.contributor.author

value: Slavković, Vukan

dc.identifier.citation

value: Slavković, Vukan. 2022. “Legalization of marijuana use in comparative criminal legislation”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 771–786. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.312

dc.description.abstract

value:
In light of the rapidly shifting legislation regarding the legalization of marijuana use, the
popular notion seems to be that marijuana is a harmless pleasure, access to which should not be
regulated or considered illegal. World Health Organization recommended to delete cannabis
and cannabis resin from Schedule IV of the UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961),
but to maintain it in Schedule I of the 1961 Convention. The UN Commission on Narcotic
Drugs decided by 27 votes to 25 and with one abstention to follow this recommendation. Тhere
is the issue of how much this decision will affect the legalization of marijuana in the world.
In the paper are analyzed two legislation of the Anglo-Saxon legal system, which supported
this initiative (Canada and USA) and legislation of Euro-Continental legal area (Russia) that
did not accept the reclassifying of cannabis from the 1961 Convention. Author has compared
the Canadian code with Uruguayan, and the U. S. bill with the Mexican legislation, because
Mexican bill does not provide the full legalization of marijuana use. In the Russian Federation,
all deeds related to narcotic drugs, which were committed on a significant, large, and an
especially large scale, and also all acts coherent to traffic of narcotic drugs, regardless of its
scale, are regulated by Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Otherwise, there will be
applied an administrative law.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: criminal law

value: legalization

value: drug-related criminality

value: marijuana

value: general authorization


dc.contributor.author

value: Rakhmanova, Ekaterina N.

value: Tihanyi, Miklós

value: Szabolcs, Mátyás

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rakhmanova, Ekaterina N., Miklós Tihanyi, Mátyás Szabolcs. 2022. “The legal and organizational basis of ensuring safety of sports activities in Hungary”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 759–770. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.311

dc.description.abstract

value:
Manifestations of hooliganism, vandalism, extremism, and even terrorist acts during sports
events are not a new phenomenon in Europe. The safety of sporting events is one of the
priorities of any modern state. Moreover, the government is entrusted both with legislative
and organizational tasks. Two reasons can be identified, why it is necessary to protect sporting
events against violations of public order and attacks on public safety. On the one hand, even
when law enforcement agencies professionally use all the legislative instruments at their
disposal, an unlawful encroachment may be committed, which may threaten the holding of a
sporting event, the safety of the person and property both of athletes and of spectators. On the
other hand, the failure to criminalize these actions means that law enforcement agencies are not
endowed with sufficient powers to take appropriate measures in such situations. Depending
on the violation of public safety or public order, criminal, administrative or disciplinary laws
will apply. The difference in the need to apply a law or regulation, as well as to impose sanctions
and prohibitions on offenders, can be seen only in the level of protection corresponding to the
danger of violations. The safety of sporting events is historically believed to be the primary
task of law enforcement agencies, however, the responsibility of sports federations and clubs
in ensuring safety in time, before and after the competition should not be overlooked.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was conducted with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
within the project No. 20-011-00414 А “Criminal Law and Criminological Problems of Combating Crime
in the Field of Sports”.

dc.subject

value: Sports Act

value: fans

value: video surveillance

value: responsibility

value: public safety

value: police

value: stewards

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Pashentsev, Dmitrii A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pashentsev, Dmitrii A. 2022. “Legal behavior under the technological paradigm change and modern social transformations”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 810–820. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.315

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article identifies the key areas of change in legal behavior associated with high-tech dynamics
of social development. Modern technologies that form a new paradigm and the ongoing social
changes, primarily resulting from the pandemic, have been examined from the perspective of
modern post-classical methodology. The provisions of constructivism and anthropocentrism
were used as the guidelines for modern sociological jurisprudence. Interdisciplinary synthesis
combines the achievements of psychology and sociology. The theory of technological
paradigms developed by domestic economists as well as an examination of the impact of new
technologies on public relations was also employed. Legal behavior has been analyzed as a
crucial element of constructing legal reality. The author demonstrates that the subject of law
transforms abstract norms into legal relations, that is, into legal reality, through its day-to-day
legal actions. It has been explored how legal conduct is being socially conditioned with regard
to economic development. It was also examined how new technologies lead to the change of
technological paradigm and the corresponding transformation of the accepted models of legal
behavior. This study shows the influence of the new digital reality on the psyche of the subject
of law, his values, and their correlation with his own everyday legal behavior. It is justified that
the space in which legal behavior takes place needs to be expanded in the digital era. In this
study, the impact of pandemic restrictions on legal behavior was examined. It was concluded
that the restrictions associated with the pandemic entailed changes in the composition and
structure of the legal space, which also affected legal behavior. In addition to changing the
framework in which social relations are conducted, sociological transformations impact the
subjects themselves, affecting their motives and value principles that govern their behavior.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: legal behavior

value: technological paradigm

value: digitalization

value: digital technologies

value: subject of law

value: legal culture

value: anthropocentrism in law


dc.contributor.author

value: Vasilyev, Ilia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasilyev, Ilia A. 2022. “Contaminated product and lifting a mandatory provisional suspension: Is there a new standard of proof in case of the All-Russian Anti-Doping Rules?”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 804–809. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.314

dc.description.abstract

value:
The story of the possible temporary suspension of Russian figure skating star Kamila Valieva
during the 2022 Olympic Games was discussed as actively as the results of the competitions.
The figure skater passed a positive doping test during the competition in December 2021 but
only found out about it on February 8. The Russian Anti-Doping Agency (RUSADA) applied
a mandatory provisional suspension to the athlete. However, on February 9, the RUSADA
Disciplinary Anti-Doping Committee, at the appeal of the skater, lifted the decision of
RUSADA on suspension and the athlete was able to take part in the Olympic games. The
International Skating Union, the International Olympic Committee, and the World Anti-
Doping Agency (WADA) filed appeals against the Anti-Doping Committee’s decision. The
Court of Arbitration for Sport denied all appeals and affirmed the decision of the RUSADA
Anti-Doping Committee. The key point was the status of the skater a protected person
according to the view of the WADA World Anti-Doping Code — a protected person. At the
same time, the special regime for a protected person did not extend to the standard of proof.
Such an athlete, like any other athlete, must prove on the basic of a “balance of probability”
that a prohibited substance was entered through a contaminated product to lift a mandatory
provisional suspension. In the opinion of the RUSADA Anti-Doping Committee, the athlete
was able to prove a “reasonable possibility” of a prohibited substance entering her body
through a contaminated product. The literal application of the norm of the All-Russian Anti-
Doping Rules, in contrast to the WADA Code, is required to prove that “the violation most
likely occurred due to the use of a contaminated product”. The extraordinary situation is
commented on by the author.

value: doping

value: World Anti-Doping Agency Code

value: sports disputes

value: standard of proof

value: burden of proof

value: provisional suspension

value: contaminated product

value: sports arbitration


dc.contributor.author

value: Romanovsky, Georgy B.

value: Romanovsky, Vladislav G.

dc.identifier.citation

value:
Romanovsky, Georgy B., Vladislav G. Romanovsky. 2022. “Transforming the prohibition
of torture in the context of rising terrorist threats”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3:
599–616. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the content of the prohibition of torture in constitutional and international
acts. The ban is absolute, as confirmed by the extensive practice of international human
rights organizations. At present, a revision of the general attitude towards torture in Western
Europe is taking place against the background of increasing terrorist threats. In the United
States, after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack, at the level of Justice Department directives,
certain methods of “intensive interrogation” were allowed in order to obtain information
from persons captured during anti-terrorist operations. It was assumed that in the conditions
of the “war on terror”, terrorists were not subject to the privileges provided for by the
Geneva Conventions in relation to prisoners of war. Our study involves an analysis of a wide
range of sources on problems of the use of torture in the context of countering terrorism, and
provides an analysis of foreign scientific discussions of the admissibility of torture against terrorists.
One argument is the lack of moral boundaries among terrorists themselves, capable
of committing deadly attacks against civilians. Supporters of the use of torture proceed from
the principle of extreme necessity for obtaining information about the planned terrorist acts.
Opponents of torture proceed from the principle of the moral absolute, which does not justify
attaining a goal by any means. In modern legal science there is a search for a balance of
interests: the dignity of a person suspected of preparing a terrorist act, and the safety of other
citizens, society, and the state.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 20-011-
00096.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 3

value: torture

value: human dignity

value: prohibition

value: ticking bomb

value: constitutional value

value: terrorism

value: threat

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Abdullozoda, Parviz S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abdullozoda, Parviz S. 2022. “Fulfillment of inquiry on extradition of persons for solving criminal case of execution of sentence on the example of post-Soviet countries”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 787–803. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.313 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with topical issues related to executing requests for extraditing a person for
the resolution of a criminal case or the execution of a sentence, and analyzes norms of international
legal acts and national legislation in post-Soviet countries. The lack of uniformity across
post-Soviet countries on this issue is noted, since each post-Soviet country has its own characteristics.
Carrying out an extradition is not only one procedural action; it consists of several
procedural actions aimed at the actual transfer of the person. This article examines proceedings
for the extradition of a person to a foreign state, which traditionally begins with the
detention of that person on the international wanted list, a notification to a foreign state about
the detention of that person on the international wanted list, and a request to send a request
for extradition of that person, the receipt of that request for extradition, and verification of
compliance with the request against norms of national legislation and norms of international
treaties. Also involves are resolving the extradition of a person to a foreign state with a possible appeal against this decision, organizing a case regarding the actual transfer of a person. The
author concludes that there are difficulties executing an extradition request that subsequently
leads to non-execution of the request, and delay or refusal to extradite. In this process, the
worst result is to import rules on the refusal of extradition without a reasonable assumption
and justification for different purposes. In any case, the refusal to extradite people without a
substantial reason will not lead to a good outcome: distrust of states can become the basis for
damaged relations and non-extraditable persons. Ideas are proposed for improving criminal
procedural legislation and law enforcement practice in this area, as well as the effectiveness of
actions aimed at resolving this issue.

dc.subject

value: international cooperation

value: extradition of persons

value: inquiry

value: post-soviet countries

value: international agreements

value: criminal procedural legislation

value: foreign state

value: criminal case


dc.contributor.author

value: Marusin, Igor S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Marusin, Igor S. 2022. “First judgment of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 712–724. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.308 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes legal documents of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, established by a
United Nations Security Council Resolution in 2007 for investigating the former prime minister
of Lebanon, Rafiq Hariri, in Beirut in 2005. This article examines the legal status of the Special
Tribunal, its jurisdiction, and its structure. The Tribunal was established according to an
agreement between United Nations and the government of the Lebanese Republic, and later
adopted by the UN Security Council. Jurisdiction of the Tribunal covers territory of all UN
member-states. Main attention is paid to the first Judgment, delivered by the Trial Chamber
of the Tribunal in August 2020, according to which three of the accused were acquitted and
one — Jamal Salem Ayyash — was condemned. The article analyzes evidence used by the Trial
Chamber, in the first place utilization of data of mobile telephones, as a basis for judgment.
Jamal Salem Ayyash was convicted on a basis of his identification as a user of a mobile telephone,
which according to experts was used by a person who took part in the murder of Rafiq
Hariri. The article also considers the political meaning of the Judgment. The Trial Chamber
did not find any evidence of the involvement of the Syria government and Hezbollah leadership
in the murder of Rafiq Hariri. The author points out the reasons that prevent the Tribunal
from achieving better results. The most important reason is restriction of the jurisdiction of
the Tribunal to only one crime and not paying attention to other political crimes committed
in Lebanon in the precedent years.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: international criminal law

value: international courts

value: Special Tribunal for Lebanon

value: civil war in Lebanon

value: international crimes


dc.contributor.author

value: Kratenko, Maxim V.

value: Luik, Olavi-Juri

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kratenko, Maxim V., Olavi-Juri Luik. 2022. “The precautionary measures clauses in indemnity insurance contract”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 3: 740–758. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.310 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Precautionary measures clauses impose on a policyholder or an insured person the obligation
to perform certain acts or to refrain from certain activities until the occurrence of the insured
event. Traditionally, the function of preventing negligent behavior by the policyholder is performed
by rules on aggravation of risk or policyholder’s fault in the occurrence of the insured
event. However, if they are ineffective, for example due to the inability to take into account
the negligence in all cases (para 1 of Art. 963 of the RF Civil Code), the insurer is inclined to
transfer some of the negligent acts onto the category of insurance exclusions in order not to
pay compensation at all. As a consequence, the “all-or-nothing” principle prevails in resolving
insurance disputes. The precautionary measures clauses, provided for in the Principles
of European Insurance Contract Law (PEICL) and the legislation of Scandinavian countries
(Sweden, Finland), makes it possible to reach a compromise: the insurer may consider the
negligent behavior of the policyholder when paying compensation, but only insofar as it has
affected the occurrence of the insured event or the amount of loss. This is more in line with
the “proportionality rule”. In order to ensure the consumer rights, the authors propose to supplement
insurance legislation (in particular, Chapter 48 of the RF Civil Code) with the legal
institute of precautionary measures on the basis of the relevant rules of the PEICL.

dc.subject

value: indemnity insurance

value: loss prevention

value: moral hazard

value: precautionary measures

value: aggravation of risk

value: insurance exclusions

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Feferman, K. M.

value: Kovalev, B. N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Feferman K. M., Kovalev B. N. ‘Turkey and Pan-Turkism as Factors in Nazi Germany’s Strategy in the Struggle Against the Soviet Union. Between Politics and Propaganda’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 3, 2022, pp. 546–562. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2022.301 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the evolution of Nazi Germany’s approaches towards Turkey and pan-Turkism
in the German struggle against the Soviet Union. Particular attention is paid to political and diplomatic considerations,
as well as propaganda guidelines adopted in Germany after the invasion of the Soviet Union. Geographically,
a special emphasis is laid on the North Caucasus. Turkey was linked with the Caucasus in general and with
the North Caucasus in particular through centuries-old cultural and religious ties that flowed naturally from geographical
proximity, often supplemented by ethnic and religious affinities between Turkey and the Caucuses, including
the North Caucasian peoples. Turkish influence was historically associated with pan-Turkism, a trend that
emphasized the spiritual closeness of all people of Turkic origin, regardless of existing borders. In this respect,
the German policy towards Turkey was unique, as this was a neutral country with whom Germany played a rather uncharacteristic subtle diplomatic and propaganda game. Its purpose was to tie Turkey to the Third Reich, giving
it a role as “subcontractor” to control regions inhabited by peoples who historically gravitated towards Turkey. If
this turned out to be impossible in the present or near future, even then the region should have been governed by
Germany, with an eye to the interests of an important “shadow” player (Turkey). Germany’s flirtation with Turkey
and attempts to win over Soviet Turkic peoples, including those in the Caucasus, were indicative of the desperate
search for allies. This, in turn, resulted from the German realization that the Wehrmacht was firmly bogged down
in the course of Operation Barbarossa.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: World War II

value: Turkey

value: Germany

value: nazism

value: Caucasus

value: propaganda

value: pan-Turkism


dc.contributor.author

value: Sushko, A. V.

value: Nagaev, I. B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sushko A. V., Nagaev I. B. ‘75th Stalin Volunteer Separate Infantry Brigade of Omsk Siberians: History and Commemoration’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 3, 2022, pp. 563–580. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the history, historiography, and commemoration of the 75th Stalin volunteer separate
rifle brigade of Omsk-Siberians. It explores three interrelated questions. First, how significant was Stalin’s
name for the Omsk volunteers during the formation of the 75th brigade, and was it subsequently important for the
soldiers and officers of the 65th Guards Division throughout its combat history? Second, how was the history of the
Stalinist Siberian volunteers reflected in Russian historiography, and why do historians continue to replicate the
Soviet times falsification of the name of the glorified part? Third, how did anti-Stalinist Soviet policy affect modern
places of commemoration in Omsk? The study was carried out using military and party-state documentation,
memoirs of brigade veterans, periodicals, and photographic documents. An analysis of these sources shows that
Stalin’s name played a large role in mobilizing Omsk volunteers into the people’s militia during the formation of
the 75th Stalin Volunteer Separate Siberian Infantry Brigade, which became part of the Stalin Siberian Volunteer
Infantry Corps. Throughout the war, it was one of the main symbols that supported the steadfastness and heroism
of the Siberian warriors who won the right to become the “Stalinist Guard” and proudly self-determined themselves
in this capacity. Since Khrushchev’s times, in Russian historiography, the creation of the Stalinist people’s
militia in Omsk has traditionally been hushed up or falsified, which has become a tradition for Russian historical
science. The state of historical knowledge has determined that modern Omsk places of memory dedicated to the
history of the 75th brigade do not fully bear the historical truth about it, continuing the one laid down in the time of
N. S. Khrushchev’s tradition of falsifying history.

value: Great Patriotic War

value: people’s militia

value: 65th Guards Infantry Division

value: Omsk

value: falsification of history

value: commemoration

value: historical memory

value: places of memory


dc.contributor.author

value: Volkov, E. V.

value: Sapronov, M. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Volkov E. V., Sapronov M. V. ‘Wartime Leningrad Cinemas: During and After the Blockade’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 3, 2022, pp. 581–595. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article considers cinemas in Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War was a social space, which,
using concept of the French sociologist Henri Lefebvre, can be considered as having three levels. First, there is a
“representation of space”, that implies these aspects: how cinemas were represented and embodied in material
forms (architectural appearance and interior decoration), and how the work of this institution was planned. The
second level is “spatial practices”: the functioning of the cinema in real conditions through the activities of its
employees, which could differ from orders from above. The third level is the “space of representations”, or how
the cinema appears to viewers who visited it. During the Great Patriotic War, the social space of architectural
structures in Leningrad cinemas largely remained the same as in the pre-war period. However, in wartime, mobilization
acquired a larger character in cinemas. The spatial practices of cinema employees, whose composition
has undergone changes in connection with the mass conscription to the front, labor mobilizations, diseases, and
high mortality (mostly elderly and disabled people worked there) were also been transformed. The working day
for cinema workers increased significantly. At the same time, a number of cinemas in Leningrad were temporarily
closed and “conserved”. Cinemas as “spaces of representation” were associated for many viewers with a place
of cultural practices, recreation, and distraction from the scourge of war. The repertoire of cinemas in Leningrad
in contrast to the pre-war period, has changed significantly in the direction of increasing the display of newsreels,
educational and documentary films, as well as military-historical feature films and “allied films” of American and
British production.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 20-09-00-107 “City cinema
of the Soviet era: transformation of social space (Moscow — Leningrad — Chelyabinsk)”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 12; Issue 3

value: film network

value: cinema

value: Leningrad

value: social space

value: blockade

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Drivotin, Oleg I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Drivotin O. I. On the determination of spacetime geometry. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 3, pp. 316–327.

dc.description.abstract

value: A new approach allowing to determine the metric tensor in various points of the spacetime is proposed. Such approach gives an opportunity to investigate the simultaneity of events not only locally, but also globally, without using of the synchronization procedure, traditionally applied in the theory of the spacetime. On the base of the method of simultaineity determination described in the article, it is possible to construct broad classes of reference frames. As an example, a reference frame is considered, all ovservers of which move with the same arbitrarily changing velocity along some direction.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: metric tensor

value: simultaneity

value: reference frame

value: accelerated reference frame


dc.contributor.author

value: Krom, Anna E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krom, Anna. “David Lang’s Postminimalist Musical Theater”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 12, no. 3 (2022): 432–448. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores issues of the American musical theater of the nineteenth century, fruitfully
developing on the basis of postminimalism. Among the brightest representatives of
this style is the composer David Lang (1957), a member of the group “Bang on a Can”. His
theatrical projects of the last two decades demonstrate a new phase in the development of
postminimalist theater, the foundation of which was laid by his older contemporaries, Philip
Glass, Steve Reich, and John Adams. Using the example of stage works — “The Difficulty of
Crossing a Field” (2002), “Prisoner of the State” (2019), and “Anatomy Theater” (2016) — the
author identifies the main features of Lang’s musical and theatrical style and traces a close
relationship with the operas of his predecessors. They are brought closer by the appeal to
postmodern dramaturgy (fragmentation, discreteness, commentarity), social problems, the
desire for genre uniqueness of each performance, repetitive methods of organizing musical
facture. In his theatrical work, Lang relies on postminimalism and repetitive technique, which
manifests itself at different levels — dramatic, verbal (repetition of syllables, words, phrases
in the libretto) and musical. A characteristic feature of Lang’s stage opuses is the synthesis of
academic opera traditions and non-academic genres and directions (Musical, jazz, rap), which
allows us to draw analogies with the art of crossovers. The Musical in some cases acts as the
genre basis of the work (non-academic vocals, dances, a speech episodes). Lang’s theater is a
chamber theater, it assumes a small composition of participants, placement of vocalists and
orchestra members on the stage, laconic timing of plays. All these factors allow us to make an
assumption about the formation in Lang’s musical and theatrical work of the next phase of the
evolution of postminimalism, which can be characterized as postpostminimalism.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 12; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: David Lang

value: Bang on a Can

value: postminimalist musical theater

value: Prisoner of the State

value: Anatomy Theater

value: The Difficulty of Crossing a Field

value: repetitive technique

value: American opera of the XXI century


dc.contributor.author

value: Adishirinov, Kamil F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Adishirinov, Kamil. “Nukha’s Theatrical Life in the 30s–40s of the 20th Century (Challenges, Progress, Problems)”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 12, no. 3 (2022): 449–463. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2022.303

dc.description.abstract

value:
The theatre in Nukha was founded by the amateur theatre troupe who staged the comedy
“Haji Kara” by Mirza Fatali Akhundzade, a prominent playwright of the Azerbaijani literature
in the 19th century. The path opened by the theatre amateurs was later expanded, and it led
to getting a state status of the Nukha Theatre in 1936. The path of the Nukha Theatre had not
been smooth enough, and as it is mentioned in the article, the Nukha Theatre had to be closed
in 1949 due to a lack of financial support by the government and a lack of actors. In the 70s of
the 20th century, the theatre life in Nukha was revived by a group of students of the Azerbaijan
Institute of Culture and Arts sent to Sheki to work, and the theatre stepped to its new successful
stage of its history. The activity of the Nukha Theatre in the 30s–40s was out of research
and became a history in archive documents till the writing of this article. Indeed, limited
information about the development of the Nukha Theatre was given by theatre researchers in
the direction of research of the Azerbaijani Theatre, but the path of development of theatre
had not been studied in the specific direction. This article is a part of the first step in this direction.
The topicality of the article is a systematic and historical — chronological study of the
Nukha Theatre, which was the integral part of the Azerbaijani Theatre in the 30s–40s of the
20th century, for the first time in a wide range. The scientific novelty of the topic is related to
introducing the path of development of the Nukha Theatre in the 30s–40s of the 20th century
to readers broadly.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: theatre troupe

value: actor

value: Nukha Theatre

value: spectacle

value: director

value: honored artist

value: repertoire

value: drama

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Alcybeev, Gleb O.

value: Goloskokov, Dmitriy P.

value: Matrosov, Alexander V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alcybeev G. O., Goloskokov D. P., Matrosov A. V. The superposition method in the problem of bending of a thin isotropic plate clamped along the contour. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 3, pp. 347–364.

dc.description.abstract

value: In this work, the general solution of the differential equation for the bending of a thin isotropic plate under the action of a normal load applied to its plane is constructed by the superposition method. The solutions obtained by the method of initial functions in the form of trigonometric series are taken as two solutions, each of which allows satisfying the boundary conditions on two opposite sides of the plate. Two ways of satisfying the boundary conditions of a clamped plate are studied: the method of expansion into trigonometric Fourier series and the collocation method. It is shown that both methods give the same results and sufficiently fast convergence of the solution at all points of the plate except for small neighborhoods of the corner points. The constructed solution made it possible to study the behavior of the shear force in the corner points. Computational experiments have shown that when keeping 390 terms in the trigonometric series of the solution, the shear force is close to zero, but not identically equal.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: isotropic plate

value: bending of a thin plate

value: clamped plate

value: method of initial functions

value: MIF

value: computer algebra

value: Maple


title: Аnalysis and synthesis of communication network structures by state enumeration method

dc.contributor.author

value: Batenkov, Kirill A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Batenkov K. A. Analysis and synthesis of communication network structures by state enumeration method. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 3, pp. 300–315.

dc.description.abstract

value: Оne of the methods of analysis and synthesis of communication network structures is considered, based on the simplest approach to calculating the probability of connectivity - the method of iterating over the states of the network edges. Despite its significant drawback, which consists in the considerable complexity of the calculations carried out, it turns out to be quite in demand both at the stage of debugging new analysis methods and when performing the procedure of sequential synthesis of network structures. The proposed method of sequential synthesis can be presented in the form of stages, at each of which one or more edges (network elements) are added. An increase in the number of edges used leads to an increase in the number of variations of the connectivity functions of a graph with an added edge, and hence to an increase in the complexity of operations for calculating conditional probabilities. At the same time, such a complication makes it possible to more accurately solve the synthesis problem, since not in all situations the sequential addition of edges is equivalent to sorting through all possible alternatives. Both the described method of analyzing the structures of communication networks based on the enumeration of states and the synthesis method differ in the essential simplicity of the implementation of the processes of the calculations carried out. It is this circumstance that allows us to use these methods as reference. The accuracy of the calculations depends solely on the capabilities of hardware and software systems and is in no way limited directly by the method of sorting states. As a result, the calculation of the probability of connectivity with precision accuracy, which is typical for situations of comparative analysis of communication networks with the availability and survivability coefficients of individual network elements close to the threshold values, also turns out to be feasible on the basis of the methods considered.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: network

value: graph structure

value: connectivity probability

value: coefficient of readiness

value: coefficient of operational readiness

value: complete state enumeration method