dc.contributor.author

value: Belyankova, Tat’yana I.

value: Kalinchuk, Valeriy V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Belyankova Т. I., Kalinchuk V.V. Rayleigh waves in an electroelastic medium with prestressed inhomogeneous coating. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 600–615. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.402 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
An approach to studying the influence of initial mechanical stresses and an electrostatic
field on the structure and behavior of Rayleigh waves in piezoelectric media with nonhomogeneous
coatings is proposed. This paper considers two-component coatings made of
functionally graded piezoelectric material with high-speed (the speed of the shear wave
inclusion is greater than the speed of the shear wave in the substrate) or low-speed (the
speed of the shear wave inclusion is less than the speed of the shear wave in the substrate)
inclusions. The initially deformed state of the coating is induced by the separate or combined
action of initial mechanical stresses and an external electrostatic field. The influence of the
type of non-homogeneity and the nature of initial mechanical stresses in the presence or
absence of an initial electrostatic field on the features of Rayleigh wave propagation for
problems with an electrically open or shorted surface is studied. It is established that the
presence of a low-intensity initial electrostatic field only slightly affects the action of initial
mechanical stresses depending on its direction. The presence of a high-intensity electrostatic
field leads to additional deformation of the material, significant changes in the speeds of
PAV modes, and substantial changes in the structure of the surface wave field. The obtained
results are presented in dimensionless parameters and may be of practical interest in the
development, design, and optimization of new materials for micro- and nanoscale devices
and devices on Rayleigh surface acoustic waves with high performance characteristics.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was carried out within the framework of the implementation of the state assignment
of the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (state registration
no. 122020100343-4).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 10(68); Issue 4

value: piezoelectric structure

value: substrate

value: heterogeneous coating

value: initial stresses

value: initial deformed state

value: external electrostatic field

value: surface acoustic waves

value: Rayleigh waves

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Babeshko, Vladimir A.

value: Evdokimova, Olga V.

value: Babeshko, Olga M.

value: Zaretskaya, Marina V.

value: Evdokimov, Vladimir S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Babeshko V.A., Evdokimova O.V., Babeshko O. M., Zaretskaya M.V., Evdokimov V. S. On contact problems with a deformable punch and variable rheology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 588– 599. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.401 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents for the first time one of the methods for studying and solving contact
problems with a deformed stamp for those cases when there is a need to change the rheology
of the stamp material. It is based on a new universal modeling method previously
published by the authors, which is used in boundary value problems for systems of partial
differential equations. With its help, solutions of complex vector boundary value problems
for systems of differential equations can be decomposed into solutions of scalar boundary
value problems for individual differential equations. Among them, the Helmholtz equations
are the simplest. Solutions to scalar boundary value problems are represented as fractals,
self-similar mathematical objects, first introduced by the American mathematician B. Mandelbrot.
The role of fractals is performed by packed block elements. The transition from
systems of differential equations in partial derivatives to individual equations is carried
out using the transformation of academician B. G. Galerkin or representation by potentials.
It is known that the solutions of dynamic contact problems with a deformable stamp
of complex rheology are cumbersome and their study is always difficult. The problem is
complicated by the presence of discrete resonant frequencies in such problems, which were
once discovered by Academician I. I. Vorovich. A contact problem with a deformable punch
admits the construction of a solution if it is possible to solve the contact problem for an
absolutely rigid punch and construct a solution to the boundary problem for a deformable
punch. In earlier works of the authors, the deformable stamp was described by a separate
Helmholtz equation. In this paper, we consider a contact problem on the action of a semiinfinite
stamp on a multilayer base, described by the system of Lame equations. One of
the methods of transition to other rheologies is shown when describing the properties of a
deformable stamp in contact problems.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project 22-21-00129).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: block element

value: factorization

value: integral equations

value: external forms

value: cracks of a new type

dc.title

format: Adobe PDF


title: On the anniversary of A.K.Belyaev

dc.identifier.citation

value: On the anniversary of A.K.Belyaev. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 585–587. (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value: On the anniversary of A.K.Belyaev

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 10(68); Issue 4

dcterms.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University


dc.contributor.author

value: Bauer, Svetlana M.

value: Venatovskaya, Ludmila A.

value: Voronkova, Eva B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bauer S.M., Venatovskaya L. A., Voronkova E. B. Solid mechanics models in application to ophthalmology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 686–712. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.407 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The review presents the models on a change in the stress-strain state of the eye shell after
vision correction operations and a change in intraocular pressure with the introduction of
drugs into the vitreous body. All mathematical models were developed in collaboration
with ophthalmologists. Mathematical models that describe the process of determining the
true intraocular pressure (IOP) by applanation methods are discussed. New results in solid
mechanics were obtained while studying ocular biomechanics problems. For example, the
problem of the stability of a spherical shell subjected to a concentrated force and internal
pressure was solved, and the stability of the axisymmetric equilibrium state of annular
inhomogeneous orthotropic plates under normal pressure was studied. The stress-strain
states of transversely isotropic spherical and cylindrical layers subjected to internal and
external pressures are discussed, and the solutions obtained in the framework of the threedimensional
theory are compared with the solutions obtained by non-classical shell theories.
This comparison made it possible to assess the accuracy of approximate theories.

dc.subject

value: mathematical modelling

value: intraocular pressure

value: shell theory models

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Matveev, Аleksei S.

value: Fradkov, Аlexander L.

value: Shepeljavyi, Аlexander I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Matveev A. S., Fradkov A. L., Shepeljavyi A. I. An overview of works of the scientific school created by V. A. Yakubovich on the issues of artificial intelligence and robotics. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 665–685. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.406 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents an overview of the works of the scientific school of V. A. Yakubovich
in the field of artificial intelligence, machine learning, adaptive systems and robotics. The
method of recurrent objective inequalities is considered in detail. The significance of the
presented results for the further development of cybernetics and artificial intelligence is
discussed. Special attention is given to seminal works of V. A. Yakubovich on machine
learning and to the development of the concept of finitely converging algorithms for solving
recurrent objective inequalities; some typical results on their convergence are discussed
in detail for the sake of illustration. The paper distinctly highlights the contribution of
the school to the formation and development of the modern theories of adaptive control
and mathematical robotics, particularly, the theory of adaptive robots. A special section is
concerned with adaptive sub-optimal control.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: artificial intelligence

value: machine learning

value: adaptive systems

value: robotics

value: Department of Theoretical Cybernetics

value: St.Petersburg State University

value: history of science


dc.contributor.author

value: Shoev, Georgy V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shoev G.V. Application of hybrid Riemann solvers based on HLLC and HLL for simulation of flows with gas-dynamic discontinuities. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 775–791. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.413 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Application of hybrid approximate Riemannian solvers based on standard HLLC and HLL
solvers is discussed. Three different hybrid solvers are considered. The first hybrid solver
(rHLLC-HLL) uses a weighted sum of HLLC and HLL so that HLLC is applied in the
direction normal to the shock wave while HLL is applied in the direction along it. The
second hybrid solver (HLLC-ADC) uses the weighted sum of HLLC and HLL, applying
as weights the pressure function at the left and right cell centers. The third hybrid solver
(HLLC-HLL) computes inviscid fluxes by HLL inside shock waves, and by HLLC in other
areas of the flow. Facets within shock waves are defined by a shock wave indicator based
on the reconstructed left and right pressure values of the face. Several tests are performed,
and it is shown that hybrid solvers prevent the carbuncle and reduce oscillations on shock
waves.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was carried out within the framework of the state task of Institute of Theoretical and
Applied Mechanics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 10(68); Issue 4

dc.subject

value: finite volume method

value: approximate Riemannian solver

value: carbuncle

value: Riemannian solver HLLC

value: Riemannian solver HLL


dc.contributor.author

value: Frolova, Ksenia P.

value: Vilchevskaya, Elena N.

value: Polyanskiy, Vladimir A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Frolova K.P., Vilchevskaya E.N., Polyanskiy V.A. Modeling of imperfect contacts in determining the effective diffusion permeability. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 650–664. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.405 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The work develops a universal approach to acounting for imperfect contacts in determining
the effective properties of various nature, namely, effective diffusivity, thermal and electrical
conductivity. Imperfect contacts take place when fields at the microlevel are not
continuous. The possibility of creating a unified approach is due to the similarity of the
governing equations. At the same time, the appearance of imperfect contacts can be caused
by microstructural features and by the specifics of the process itself. For concreteness, the
effective diffusion permeability is determined, since various reasons for the appearance of
imperfect contacts can be considered. The reasons can be associated both with the formation
of structural defects and with the presence of the specific segregation effect. The paper
generalizes and compares two approaches to accounting for imperfect contacts. In the first
case, a field jump is set. In the second case, an inhomogeneity with a thin coating possessing
extreme properties is introduced. A comprehensive analysis is carried out on the example of
a material with spherical inhomogeneities. Analytical expressions for contribution tensor of
the equivalent inhomogeneity are obtained, which results in simplification of generalization
of various homogenization methods.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 10 (68); Issue 1

dc.subject

value: effective properties

value: inhomogeneity

value: imperfect contacts

value: segregation

value: diffusivity

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Nekrutkin, Vladimir V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nekrutkin V.V. Asymptotical separation of harmonics by Singular Spectrum Analysis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 720–735. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.409 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value: The paper is devoted to the sufficient conditions for the asymptotical separation of distinct terms in the linear combination of harmonics by Singular Spectrum Analysis (briefly SSA).

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 23-21-002220).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 10(68); Issue 4

dc.subject

value: signal processing

value: singular spectral analysis

value: linear combination of harmonics

value: separability of harmonics

value: asymptotical analysis


dc.contributor.author

value: Petukhov, Sergei A.

value: Stepanov, Alexei V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petukhov S.A., Stepanov A.V. Generation of records obtained from sequences of independent and non-identically distributed random variables. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 736–748. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.410 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Generation algorithms of record times and values obtained from sequences of independent
and non-identically distributed random variables which distribution functions are defined
on a common support are proposed in the present paper. Known algorithms of generation
of record times and values are given in introduction for the case when the initial random
variables are independent and identically distributed. The brief review of scientific literature
associated with this topic is also given in Introduction. It is also pointed out there that
all efficient algorithms of record generation are based on the Markov property of records.
In Section 2, the distribution functions of record times and values are derived for the case
when the initial random variables are independent and non-identically distributed. The corresponding
record generation algorithms are for the first time proposed. These algorithms
are based on the derived distributions and the Markov property of records that also holds
in the case when the initial observations are independent but non-identically distributed.
In the end of this work, in Section 3, the proposed algorithms are tested by simulation
experiments. In these experiments the records are generated for the case when the initial
random variables have the Gumbel distribution functions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Stepanov’s A.V. work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the
Russian Federation (agreement number 075-02-2023-934).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: records

value: Gumbel distribution function

value: inverse-transform method

value: rejection method

value: generation algorithms

value: elapsed time


dc.contributor.author

value: Pilyugin, Sergei Yu.

value: Shalgin, Vladimir S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pilyugin S.Yu., ShalginV. S. Conditions of local parameter identifiability for systems of differential equations with an infinite-dimensional parameter. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 749–761. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.411 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The problem of parameter identification (determining parameters of a system by observing
solutions or functions of them) is one of the main problems of the applied theory of
differential equations. The property of local identifiability plays the most important role in
solving this problem. The presence of this property means that one can uniquely determine
values of parameters of a system in a neighborhood of a particular parameter by observing
solutions. Earlier, the case of a finite-dimensional parameter was mostly studied in this
issue. The problem of local parameter identifiability in the case of an infinite-dimensional
parameter is less studied. In this paper, we propose a new method for obtaining sufficient
conditions for local parameter identifiability in the case of an infinite-dimensional parameter.
Under these conditions, an infinite-dimensional parameter belonging to certain classes
is locally identifiable by observing a solution at a finite set of points. For system with linear
dependence on a parameter, we establish the genericity of the mentioned conditions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by a grant of Russian Science Foundation no. 23-21-00025,
https://rscf.ru/project/23-21-00025/.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 10(68); Issue 4

value: differential equation

value: local parameter identifiability

value: genericity

dc.type

value: Article


title: Kindred diagrams

dc.contributor.author

value: Nezhinskij, Vladimir M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nezhinskij V.M. Kindred diagrams. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 713–719. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.408 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
By a diagram we mean a topological space obtained by gluing to a standard circle a finite
number of pairwise non-intersecting closed rectangles along their lateral sides, the glued
rectangles are pairwise disjoint. Diagrams are not new objects; they were used in many
areas of low-dimensional topology. Our main goal is to develop the theory of diagrams
to a level sufficient for application in one more branch — in the theory of tangles. We
provide the diagrams with simple additional structures — the smoothness of the circles and
rectangles that are pairwise consistent with each other, the orientation of the circle, a point
on the circle; we introduce new equivalence relation (that is, as far as the author knows, not
previously encountered in the scientific literature) — kindred relation; we define a surjective
mapping of the set of classes of kindred diagrams onto the set of classes of diffeomorphic
smooth compact connected two-dimensional manifolds with boundary, and note that in the
simplest cases this surjection is also a bijection. The application of the constructed theory
to the tangle theory requires additional preparation and therefore is not included in this
article; the author intends to devote a separate publication to this application.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: diagram

value: transformer

value: disk-band graph

dc.title

value: Kindred diagrams


dc.identifier.citation

value: Session of Prof. N. N. Polyakhov theoretical mechanics section of the M. Gorky House. March 22, 2023. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, p. 719. (In Russian)


dc.identifier.citation

value: Session of Prof. N. N. Polyakhov theoretical mechanics section of the M. Gorky House. April 26, 2023. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, p. 735. (In Russian)


dc.contributor.author

value: Frolov, Аndrei N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Frolov А.N. On asymptotic behaviour for probabilities of moderate deviations of combinatorial sums. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, pp. 762–774. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.412 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
We investigate an asymptotic behaviour for probabilities of moderate deviations of combinatorial
sums of independent random variables having moments of order p > 2. We find
zones in which these probabilities are equivalent to the tail of the standard normal law. The
width of zone is a function from the logarithm of a combinatorial variant for Lyapunov’s
ratio. The author earlier obtained similar results under Bernstein’s and Linnik’s conditions.
The truncations method is used in proofs of the results.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project
23-21-00078).

dc.subject

value: probabilities of large deviations

value: probabilities of moderate deviations

value: combinatorial central limit theorem

value: combinatorial sums


dc.identifier.citation

value: In memoriam of Yuri Kazimirovich Demyanovich (1938–2023). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, p. 792–794. (In Russian)

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 10(68); Issue 4

dc.type

value: Article


dc.identifier.citation

value: Session of Prof. N. N. Polyakhov theoretical mechanics section of the M. Gorky House. May 18, 2023. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, p. 791. (In Russian)

dc.language.iso

value: ru


dc.identifier.citation

value: Session of Prof. N. N. Polyakhov theoretical mechanics section of the M. Gorky House. May 17, 2023. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 4, p. 748. (In Russian)


title: Modeling and Stabilization of an Irregular Pricing Mechanism on a Network of Local Markets

dc.contributor.author

value: Alexeeva, Tatyana Anatolyevna

value: Kuznetsov, Nikolay Vladimirovich

value: Mokaev, Timur Nazirovich

value: Posudin, Konstantin Mikhailovich

dc.description.abstract

value: The accuracy of forecasting the expected values of economic indicators under conditions of irregular dynamics has a key role in taking optimal management decision-making. The solution of this current and complex task requires the use of modern artificial intelligence technologies, the wide introduction of which into the economy is aimed at by the Federal project ``Artificial Intelligence''. We demonstrate the effectiveness of combining artificial intelligence technologies and classical methods of mathematical control to detect irregular dynamics in the pricing mechanism and stabilize the revealed irregular mode through a small control action using a pricing model in the market of short-term goods as an example.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work is supported by the 2022-2023 program Leading
Scientic Schools of the Russian Federation (project NSh-4196.2022.1.1) and
St. Petersburg State University grant (PureID94029567).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Differential Equations and Control Processes;Issue 4

dc.subject

value: nonlinear dynamics

value: chaos

value: unstable periodic orbit

value: pricing model

value: Hénon map

value: deep machine learning

value: artificial intelligence


title: Nonlinear Dynamics of the Primary Oscillation Circuit of a Mems Gyroscope Under the Action of Phase-locked Loop and Automatic Gain Control Systems

dc.contributor.author

value: Igumnova, Vasilisa Sergeevna

value: Lukin, Alexey Vyacheslavovich

value: Popov, Ivan Alekseevich

value: Lobachev, Mikhail Yurievich

value: Belyaev, Yakov Valerievich

dc.description.abstract

value: In this work, we study the dynamics of primary oscillations of a high-Q micromechanical resonator - a sensitive element of an RR-type MEMS gyroscope - under the action of various implementations of a phase-locked loop system operating in conjunction with an automatic gain control system for an electrostatic drive. The study of the dynamics of the object is carried out both numerically and analytically - using the averaging method. Conditions for the stability of a stationary regime in a linear approximation are obtained. The questions of accuracy of various methods of numerical solution of differential equations of the circuit of primary oscillations are considered. The influence of the mechanical nonlinearity of the resonator on the dynamics of the resonator and the control system has been studied. An implementation of a low-order PLL circuit that does not contain a double-frequency spurious signal at the output of the phase detector is proposed. The output characteristics of control systems (speed, capture bandwidth, etc.) are analyzed and qualitative conclusions are drawn about the features of the interaction between the dynamics of a mechanical oscillatory link and the PLL-ARC circuit.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation ,grant no.
21-71-10009, https://rscf.ru/en/project/21-71-10009/.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: MEMS gyroscope

value: primary oscillations

value: PLL

value: AGC

dc.type

value: Article


title: Summation of the Enumerators in the Discrete Optimization Problems

dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsov, Sergey

dc.description.abstract

value: The publication presents an approach to the use of discrete optimization algorithms, in particular, the search for suboptimal solutions. The theory of enumerators, proposed by the famous Leningrad mathematician I.V. Romanovsky, and the operation of their summation, which is proposed to be used to create multi-domain suboptimal algorithms,are considered. The paper presents an efficient algorithm to sum enumerators based on the recalculation of the Pareto boundary. Motivations for using the proposed algorithm within the framework of a wellwell–known task in the field of Master Data Management are given.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Differential Equations and Control Processes;Issue 4

dc.subject

value: enumerators

value: suboptimal problems

value: discrete optimization

value: Pareto boundary

value: master data management


title: Algorithm for Optimizing the Initial Conditions for a Chemical Reaction Based on a Kinetic Model

dc.contributor.author

value: Antipina, Evgenia Viktorovna

value: Mustafina, Svetlana Anatolievna

value: Antipin, Andrey Fedorovich

dc.description.abstract

value: A numerical algorithm has been developed to search for the optimal values of the concentrations of chemical reaction reagents. The statement of the problem of determining the optimal initial concentrations of the initial substances on the basis of the kinetic model of the reaction, which is a system of ordinary differential equations, is formulated. To solve the problem, a genetic algorithm with real coding is given. The algorithm is modified taking into account the restriction on the values of the initial concentrations and the condition imposed on the total initial concentration of the reagents. A computational experiment was carried out for the reaction of the synthesis of benzyl butyl ether under the action of copper-containing catalysts. The initial concentrations of the initial substances are determined at which the highest values of the concentrations of the target reaction products are achieved.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (scientific code FZWU-2023-0002).

dc.subject

value: genetic algorithm

value: optimal initial concentrations

value: reaction kinetic model

value: optimization problem

value: reaction conditions


title: Applying a Power Transformation to the Orbit of the 2nd Painleve Equation and Solving Differential Equations with Polynomial Right-hand Sides Via the 2nd Painleve Transcendent and in Polynomials

dc.contributor.author

value: Khakimova, Zilya Nailevna

value: Timofeeva, Larisa Nikolaevna

value: Atojan, Ajkanush Ashotovna

dc.description.abstract

value: The 2nd Painlevé equation is considered as a representative of the second-order class of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with polynomial right-hand sides, as well as of the more general second-order class of equations with fractional polynomial right-hand sides. The second Painlevé equation with three terms on the right side has an orbit in the class of fractional polynomial equations with respect to the pseudogroup of the 36th order, and in the absence of the 3rd term – the 60th order. This paper presents a power transformation with an arbitrary parameter that preserves the polynomial or fractional polynomial form of the equations. This power-law transformation is applied to the orbital equations of the 2nd Painlevé equation with three and two terms on the right-hand sides of the equations. Pseudogroups of transformations induced by the above-mentioned pseudogroups of the 36th and 60th orders are constructed. All equations with one-constant arbitrariness corresponding to the vertices of the graphs of induced pseudogroups are found. General solutions of all found equations are obtained through the 2nd Painlevé transcendental or in polynomials. A theorem is presented that allows, using the scaling operation, to find general solutions to all the above equations with arbitrary coefficients.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Ordinary differential equation (ODE) of the 2nd order

value: polynomial and fractional-polynomial differential equations

value: discrete transformation group

value: dihedral group

value: pseudogroup of transformations

value: 2nd Painlevé equation

value: 2nd Painlevé transcendent

dc.title

value: Article


title: A New Proof of the Expansion of Iterated Ito Stochastic Integrals with Respect to the Components of a Multidimensional Wiener Process Based on Generalized Multiple Fourier Series and Hermite Polynomials

dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsov, Dmitriy Feliksovich

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is devoted to a new proof of the expansion for iterated Ito stochastic integrals with respect to the components of a multidimensional Wiener process. The above expansion is based on Hermite polynomials and generalized multiple Fourier series in arbitrary complete orthonormal systems of functions in a Hilbert space. In 2006, the author obtained a similar expansion, but with a lesser degree of generality, namely, for the case of continuous or piecewise continuous complete orthonornal systems of functions in a Hilbert space. In this article, the author generalizes the expansion of iterated Ito stochastic integrals obtained by him in 2006 to the case of an arbitrary complete orthonormal systems of functions in a Hilbert space using a new approach based on the Ito formula. The obtained expansion of iterated Ito stochastic integrals is useful for constructing of high-order strong numerical methods for systems of Ito stochastic differential equations with multidimensional non-commutative noise.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Differential Equations and Control Processes;Issue 4

dc.subject

value: iterated Itô stochastic integral

value: multiple Wiener stochastic integral

value: Itô stochastic differential equation

value: generalized multiple Fourier series

value: multidimensional Wiener process

value: Hermite polynomial

value: mean-squareconvergence

value: expansion


title: The Jacobi - Poisson Method of Building First Integrals for System of Ordinary Differential Equations

dc.contributor.author

value: Pranevich, Andrei

dc.description.abstract

value: In this paper, the Jacobi-Poisson method of building first integrals by known integral manifolds for Hamiltonian differential systems is developed. The existence theorem of first integrals in the form of Poisson brackets from known integral manifolds for Hamiltonian systems is proved. The statement of finding additional first integrals by known first integrals and integral manifolds for Hamiltonian systems is given. In the case of polynomial Hamiltonian systems, we use the concept of partial integrals and concretize ours results. The Jacobi - Poisson method of construction first integrals in the form of Poisson brackets from known integral characteristics (integral manifolds, partial integrals, and first integrals) for general ordinary differential systems is proposed. Statements of finding first integrals for an ordinary differential system by integral characteristics of the auxiliary Hamiltonian system are obtained. The generalized Poisson theorem of construction first integrals is indicated. And, the question of the existence of partial integrals and first integrals in the form of Poisson brackets for ordinary polynomial differential systems is investigated. The results obtained in this paper can be used in the analytical theory of differential equations and in the analytical mechanics.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: ordinary differential system

value: Hamiltonian system

value: Jacobi – Poisson theorem

value: first integral

value: integral manifold

value: partial integral

value: Poisson bracket


dc.contributor.author

value: Lorents, Dmitry V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lorents D. V. 2023. Real estate registers in Germany and Russia: Public credibility of data vs. bona fide acquisition of property. Pravovedenie 67 (4): 413–444. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2023.403 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes dogma, scientific concepts and judicial practice on the acquisition of immovable
property in case of its unauthorized alienation in Germany and Russia. The author proposes
to improve the Russian model of real estate ownership protection, which is based on German
legal constructions. Reasonable the acquirer should check the powers of the counterparty
(the title) and doubt them, for example, when the price of the contract is non-market. However,
such logic is nonsense in the sphere of civil turnover of real estate, because the legislator establishes
the presumption of registered rights and guarantees the credibility of the registry data.
Registrars carry out a legal expertise of title documents, therefore, purchasers should not take
the risk if the records in the registry are erroneous. There is no need to investigate the gross
negligence of the purchasers, and this changes the approach to understanding their bona fide.
The essence of public credibility of the real estate register should be reflected in Articles 8.1,
223, 302 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation: the acquirer does not become the owner if
he knows about the uncertainty of the register, or there are marks about an objection or a court
dispute regarding the registered right of the alienator. Such public credibility is not conditioned
by the will of the previous owner or the payments of the acquirer. The rules of unjustified enrichment
(Chapter 60 instead of prescription possession under Article 234, paragraph 4 of Article
302 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation) can be applied to balance interests, if the victim
has economic losses, and the acquirer has not incurred costs. A transaction between a trusting
acquirer and an unauthorized alienator means that there is no personal and economic identity
between them (family ties, relations of a corporation with its sole participant, transformation of
joint ownership into shared ownership between the same persons, etc.). Despite the absence
in Russia of a mandatory notarial form of alienation of real estate and an abstract real contract,
the legislator can transform the negative system of registration of rights and establish a fiction
(the acquisition on the basis of public credibility of register, i.e. a partially positive or fiduciary
registration system).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 67; Issue 4

value: real estate

value: register of rights

value: public credibility

value: bona fide acquisition

value: objection to registered right

value: registration of the priority notice

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ostanina, Elena A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ostanina E. A. 2023. Liability for harm caused by minors: A comparative legal study. Pravovedenie 67 (4): 462–488. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2023.405 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the tort obligations arising in the case of harm to minors under the age
of 14. The experience of countries whose legislation does not provide for a general rule on the
indelicitability of a minor is studied; it is concluded that in these countries, judicial practice also
takes into account the ability or inability of a minor to understand the illegality of his actions or
the likelihood of harm. When determining the persons responsible for the harm caused to minors,
it was suggested that persons exercising supervision on the basis of a contract should not
be understood as relatives or family friends looking after a child as a gratuitous service. On the
contrary, commercial organizations that equip a place for children to play automatically become
obliged to exercise supervision; as well as persons who, on the basis of a paid contract, provide
educational, entertainment, medical, and other similar services to a child. By contracts, by
virtue of which a person is obliged to exercise supervision, it is proposed to understand either
paid contracts or gratuitous contracts accompanying the process of concluding a paid contract
with a consumer (children’s rooms in department stores, restaurants, and so on). The necessity
of bringing to responsibility for the harm caused to minors, not only parents, but also persons
actually engaged in education (which include, for example, the stepfather or stepmother of the
child) is discussed.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: tort

value: parental care

value: responsibility

value: incapacity of minors

value: compensation for harm


dc.contributor.author

value: Diskin, Evgenii I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Diskin E. I. 2023. Problems of the constitutional regulation of Internet platforms in United States of America. Pravovedenie 67 (4): 379–392. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2023.401 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this article, the author explores how a specific understanding of freedom of speech, press,
opinion, public-private culture in the United States legal system has played a paradoxically
negative role in the development of the Internet platforms from the point of protecting user
rights. The question is why big Internet platforms set rules for users in a way that is not in line
with the law of the jurisdictions in which they operate, and what role in this is played by the
legal interpretation of the First Amendment to the US Constitution, regulations governing the
Internet platform in this country. The author is using the comparative-legal method, the method
of analysis, the historical-legal method to investigate constitutional guarantees of freedom of
speech, which were historically developed in the United States and concludes that due to the
specificity of the current legal regulation these guarantees do not actually apply to Internet platforms,
which in turn have moved from restricting spam and pornography to mass scale political
censorship.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article was prepared within the framework of the Basic Research Program at HSE University.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 67; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: USA

value: freedom of speech

value: Internet platforms

value: cyberlaw

value: censorship

value: digital rights

value: social media

value: constitutional law


dc.contributor.author

value: Davydov, Konstantin V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Davydov K. V. 2023. Trends in the development of Russian administrative law: A comparative legal aspect. Pravovedenie 67 (4): 393–412. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2023.402

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article substantiates that during the period of development of administrative law as an independent
progressive branch of law in the 20th and 21st centuries, two main achievements can be
distinguished in world experience. The first is the evolution of the administrative process, administrative
procedures, which changed the face of public administration, making it more transparent
and democratic, since citizens got the opportunity not only to challenge administrative acts,
but also to participate in the procedures for their adoption, protecting their interests even before
the approval of the ruling decision. The second key achievement is the approval as categorical
imperatives of such principles as legality, equality, proportionality, legal stability (protection of
legitimate expectations), prohibition of overformalism. These beginnings are most consistently
implemented in the Russian legislation on administrative responsibility, as well as in the legislation
on administrative proceedings. In the field of positive public administration, the legislator is still
less receptive to these novelties. At the same time, the inertia of the legislator is to a certain extent
compensated by the activity of the Russian judicial bodies. The trend towards the perception of
the main innovations of administrative law cannot be called into question by special administrative
regimes (high preparedness for an emergency, a special military operation, etc.), including
for the reason that such regimes, for all their importance, are temporary. Therefore, despite any
difficulties, it is necessary to form a regulatory system designed for “usual” normality. At the same
time, it is more important than ever to maintain a balance between the goals of rationalizing public
administration (protecting public and state security) and protecting the rights of citizens. It is possible
to predict further “splitting” of Russian administrative law. On the one hand, administrative
legislation will be tightened and politicized, first of all, on the issues of interaction between the
domestic administrative system and representatives of unfriendly foreign legal orders (as well as
subjects of the Russian legal system, affiliated with them). But for the basis of the model of relations
between the Russian public administration and the citizens of the Russian Federation, a
predominantly different paradigm should be used — a human rights one.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: administrative law

value: public administration

value: administrative process

value: principles of administrative law

value: human rights

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Dmitrieva, N. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dmitrieva N. V. ‘On the Way to the Chinese Eastern Railway: Financial Aspects of the History of Kaidalovo Line Construction’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 861–874. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.410 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the financial component of Kaidalovskaya line construction of Trans-Baikal Railway
that established access to the Chinese Eastern Railway from the West. Designed to connect the CER with
Russian railway network, this line played a vital role during late 19th — early 20th century establishing a connection
between Trans-Siberian Railway and Vladivostok. However, researchers have barely paid attention to it, which
makes the study relevant. It is promising to study the history of the construction of Kaidalovkaya line using the
modern approaches to the analysis of global connectivity. The construction of the line took place simultaneously
with the construction of the other section of Trans-Siberian Railway, which required significant financial
investment from the Russian Empire. The construction started on September 16, 1898, and was completed by
October 11, 1901. The construction, which fell under the jurisdiction of the Committee of the Siberian Railway, was
subject to regular audit supervision of the State Control. The preserved archival documents make it possible to
identify key financial actors and determine priority areas for economic support. The construction of this rather
short line in comparison with the CER and the Trans-Siberian Railway (321,3 versts, or 342,8 km) turned out to be
a costly affair for the treasury. Having become, to a certain extent, a transboundary area, the territory adjacent to
the line inhabited by representatives of various ethnic groups required additional investments to ensure its maintenance.
The study of the financial aspect of the Kaidalovskaya line construction allows us to see how financial imperatives influenced the goals and mechanisms of the imperial policy on the development of the Far East and
on building a system of interethnic and international relations in the region.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project grant no. 23-48-00004 “Chinese
Eastern Railway as a trans-border socio-cultural system: studying its history, reconstructing and modeling mechanisms
of cultural heritage protection” of the Russian Science Foundation, https://rscf.ru/project/23-48-00004/

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13;Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Kaidalovo Railway Line

value: Trans-Baikal Railway

value: Chinese Eastern Railway

value: finances

value: global history

value: transboundary area

value: sociocultural system


dc.contributor.author

value: Petrova, Daria S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petrova D. S. Sanctions and their influence on contractual obligations in comparative law perspective. Pravovedenie 67 (4): 489–500. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2023.406 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the problems of sanctions restrictions and prohibitions and their influence
on contractual obligations. Sanctions objectively and by their nature affect the economy as a
whole and therefore influence on contracts concluded by private persons. However today the
study of this issue is carried out mainly in the context of public law but not private law. In English
law the problem of legislative restrictions and prohibitions and their influence on the dynamics
of a contract has been analysed for more than a century in the context of the doctrine of frustration
of purpose of contract. And English law provides the termination of the contract due to its
frustration because of the imposed sanctions. The English courts carefully apply this approach
and use it only when under the influence of legislative restrictions and prohibitions the very
sense of contract changes. It can’t be applicable when just the motives of the party to enter
into the contract are not realized. This allows, on the one hand, to protect the interested parties
to the contract and on the other hand not to destabilize the civil circulation. In Russian law the
article 451 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation is to decide the problem of the influence
of sanctions on contractual obligations. However throughout all the time of existence of this
rule Russian courts demonstrate a negative attitude towards it and don’t apply it when it is an
adequate regulator of the relations of the parties. Today the Russian law enforcement practice
allows the party of the contract only to be released from liability for violation of its obligation
on the basis of paragraph 3 of art. 401 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in the case
when such breach occurred due to the enforcement of sanctions restrictions and prohibitions.
At the same time, it is worth to mention that this approach of courts is not unambiguous: often
courts refuse to recognize sanctions as a force majeure. And this doesn’t contribute to clarity
to the law enforcement the practice of application the rules of paragraph 3 of frt. 401 of the Civil
Code of the Russian Federation and protecting the parties to the contract from the influence of
external circumstances that they can’t either control or prevent.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 67; Issue 4

value: contract

value: contractual obligations

value: change of position

value: frustration of purpose

value: force majeure

value: termination of a contract


dc.contributor.author

value: Molodyko, Kirill Yu.

value: Veselsky, Victor S.

value: Annenkova, Karina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Molodyko K. Yu., Veselsky V. S., Annenkova K. A. 2023. Accreditation of senior investors and consumers through financial literacy testing. Pravovedenie 67 (4): 445–461. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2023.404

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the US and UK, a lot of attention is paid to protecting the rights of older investors and consumers
of financial services. In particular, a part of brokers, investment advisers are being
tested in the US for understanding of the specifics of working with older investors. However,
older investors themselves are only tested for scientific purposes, and the results of such tests
have no regulatory implications. In some jurisdictions the brokers rejected the proposals of the
regulators to include testing elements into the qualifications of investors. In Russia in 2021 the
tests were introduced for non-qualified investors for access to the acquisition of medium-risk
assets and margin loans, but without the separate test for elderly investor. We believe that older
63+ investors, given the high probability of dementia development, should be tested for financial
literacy by independent from brokers universities annually. Testing should be separate for
traditional products and cryptoassets respectively. Depending on the result of the test and the
personal desire of the elderly investor, such dynamic restrictions may be introduced as the bans
on purchasing certain products, margin loans, purchasing financial products remotely, also
mandatory video recording of purchasing a product in the office, as well as a ‘second hand’,
that is, confirmation all or major transactions by a family member. Testing will protect not older
investors only but also the brokers, investment advisers from being accused of selling nonsuitable
products to these clients.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: senior investors

value: elderly consumers

value: mis-selling

value: retail investor protection

value: financial literacy

value: dementia

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Brandenberger, D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Brandenberger D. ‘The Leningrad Blockade through the Lens of Historical Sociology and Social History’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 813–818. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.404

dc.description.abstract

value:
Jeffrey Hass’ study of the 872-day blockade of Leningrad is groundbreaking interdisciplinary research,
weaving together history, sociology, economics and behavioral psychology to explore how individual
Leningraders survived the siege’s inhumane conditions and why society in the northern capital didn’t collapse.
He examines how the blockade challenged notions of gender and class identity and at the same time reified
them, reinforcing traditional patterns and behaviors. Hass focuses on the siege of Leningrad, which was probably
the most sustained experience of urban hardship, suffering and starvation in World War II. He is aware that his
findings may not necessarily apply to other contexts in World War II or beyond, and instead investigates larger
questions about systemic collapse, such as what determines when communities, institutions or civilizations break
down and the sources of resilience that allow society to survive extreme hardship. The disciplinary perspective of
the book is historical sociology, which is an empirical study of society in the past. There has been tension between
social history and historical sociology, with the former emphasizing the sociocultural context of separate and distinct events and actors, and the latter stressing more generalizable theory. Social historians focus on the distinctiveness
of historical experience and phenomena, while historical sociologists investigate these topics in ways
governed by their relevance to broader conceptual areas of scholarship. Historical sociology offers a deductive
approach, identifying evidence capable of supporting or refuting theoretical propositions, while social history
suggests an inductive methodology, attempting to make broader sense of disparate historical data. These differences
have been discussed by well-known critics such as Eric Hobsbawm, who argued that historical sociology’s
focus on generalizable patterns and behaviors rendered it mechanistic. Hass’s book, as a premier example of
modern historical sociology, is careful enough to deflect many of these traditional criticisms of the field.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Blockade

value: Leningrad

value: World War II

value: survival

value: institutions

value: culture

value: power

value: resilience

value: social theory


title: Tragic Agency and a Final Rubicon

dc.contributor.author

value: David-Fox, M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: David-Fox M. ‘Tragic Agency and a Final Rubicon’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 808–812. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.403

dc.description.abstract

value:
Author believes that this book is about exploring what happens to a city, a society, the Soviet system
when subjected to extreme shock, such as hunger, starvation and siege. Jeffrey Hass looks at how the Soviet system
was “tested” by these events, making the case that the Blockade is a “better case” than Stalingrad or the defense
of Moscow for understanding the war, duress and survival. The book discusses cannibalism as a prism into
the book’s approach and findings. It looks at the breaking of the severe taboo and how people were torn between
survival and sympathy, egoism and altruism, cooperation and opportunism in the midst of the “dictatorship of the
stomach” and “food psychosis”. It shows how consuming human flesh was seen as the extreme on a continuum
of norm-breaking in terms of what was considered food. Jeffrey Hass explores the authorities’ handling of cases
of cannibalism, the prevalence and punishment of the phenomenon, as well as the symbolic dimensions of the
transgression. It looks at the voices of people who violated the taboo, and the mercy they asked for. The book is
ultimately about the heightened agency people were forced to take in the face of death, and the tragic decisions
they made in order to survive.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.title

value: Tragic Agency and a Final Rubicon


title: Chief editor's note

dc.contributor.author

value: Belov, Sergey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Belov, Sergey. 2022. Chief editor's note. Pravovedenie 67 (4): 357–359.

dc.description.abstract

value: Chief editor's note

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 67; Issue 4

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sobolev, G. L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sobolev G. L. ‘“The Oldest and Incomparable Historiographer of Our Time”: Student’s Memories of Professor Sigizmund Valk (Part I)’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 790–804. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.401 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Memoirs dedicated to Sigismund Natanovich Valk were written by his student Gennady Leontyevich
Sobolev, Russian historian, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Honorary Professor of St. Petersburg State University, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, specialist in the history of Russia of the 20th century, founder of
the scientific school of historians of Russian revolutions and the Civil War, the most respected researcher of the
history of the Siege of Leningrad. S. N. Valk (1887–1975) was an outstanding theorist of source studies, archival
studies and archaeography. He graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of St. Petersburg University
in 1913. He was the employee of the Petrograd Historical and Revolutionary Archives (1918–1922), teacher (since
1923) and professor at Leningrad State University, Doctor of Historical Sciences (1936), head of the Archaeographic
Commission of the USSR Academy of Sciences, researcher at the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of
History of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1931). The article presents memories about S. N. Valk when
the author was a student at the Faculty of History of the Leningrad State University in 1954–1959. G. L. Sobolev
describes the narratives that shaped him as a historian: S. N. Valk’s seminars on ancient Russian history with firstyear
students, the work in the archive under Valk’s supervision, conducting research for the thesis and the help
of the teacher in choosing a direction of future professional activity. In addition, the memoirs reflect the university
life of students of Leningrad State University in the 1950s, the principles of organizing the educational process at
the faculty during this period, the work of the university library, and much more. The memories have important
historical context, reflecting the everyday life of post-war Leningrad, and the system of secondary and higher
education in the USSR.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: memoirs

value: Leningrad State University

value: Faculty of History

value: historical science

value: Leningrad


dc.contributor.author

value: Khodjakov, M. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khodjakov M. V. ‘“We Will Not Let Many People in Here”: Housing Policy in Leningrad During the Final Stage of the Great Patriotic War’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 891– 905. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.412 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Based on a wide range of sources, the article analyzes the housing policy implemented in Leningrad
after the lifting of the blockade in January 1943. The policy was implemented after the evacuation of the population
was completed. Materials deposited in the archives helps us to determine the evacuation routes. The number
of people wishing to return to Leningrad during 1944 exceeded expectations of the municipal administration.
Requests for re-evacuation came from representatives of various segments of the population, who emphasized
the significance of their activities for the city. The restrictions imposed could not stop people from returning to
Leningrad, who used numerous tricks in order to enter the city. The party and Soviet administration of the city
attempted to regulate the process of re-evacuation. The number of people re-evacuated was closely related to
the ability to provide them with housing. However, the general idea of the city administration about the process of
re-evacuation turned out to be deeply flawed. The number of those wishing to return exceeded the stock of available
housing. As a result, the decision of June 8, 1944 established a new strict procedure for providing housing for
citizens who were evacuated from Leningrad individually or with organizations and returned to the city “in a legal
manner”. The existing practice of transferring the housing in need of repair to private individuals on the condition
of restoring the property led to abuses and was canceled in March 1945. The passport control was reduced and
conditions for registration of arriving citizens were alleviated only in the spring of 1946.

dc.subject

value: housing policy

value: registration

value: re-evacuation

value: population

value: Great Patriotic War

value: housing


dc.contributor.author

value: Kobzev, A. V.

value: Kobzeva, T. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kobzev A. V., Kobzeva T. A. ‘Muslim Schools in Tatar Villages of the Simbirsk — Ulyanovsk Volga Region in the 1920s–1930s’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 875–890. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.411 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the functioning of Muslim schools in the Simbirsk — Ulyanovsk Volga Region of
the 1920s and 1930s. The article was prepared on the analysis of documents of the State Archive of the Ulyanovsk
Region and the State Archive of the Recent History of the Ulyanovsk Region. The article has a general overview of
the implementation of the Soviet state’s policy towards Muslim religious schools. The actual material analyzes the
practice of applying the Decree on the separation of church from school of January 23, 1918, and the resolution
of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR of June 9, 1924 on the permission
of religious education in mosques. In the Simbirsk — Ulyanovsk Volga Region, the campaign to liquidate Muslim
religious schools began in the first half of 1923. The Soviet state wanted to liquidate Muslim religious schools and
implement Soviet schools. Muslim Tatars of the Simbirsk-Ulyanovsk Volga Region have repeatedly filed petitions
for the organization of religious education for children at mosques. In the 1920s, in the region at the same time
there were a few legally open schools and there were various underground forms of religious education for Tatar
children. The process of liquidating religious schools ended at the turn of the 1920s and 1930s. The latest applications
for the organization of religious training from the Muslim Tatars of the Simbirsk — Ulyanovsk Volga Region
were received at the same time.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Tatars

value: Muslim school

value: religious education

value: Mekteb

value: Simbirsk Region

value: Ulyanovsk Region

value: confessional politics

value: USSR

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Hass, J. K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Hass J. K. ‘Making Sense of Suffering, Soviet Politics, and the Human Condition’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 840–860. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.409

dc.description.abstract

value:
Providing the answers to the remarks of the roundtable, author also discusses the nature of power and
governance in times of crisis, using the Blockade as an example of resilience in the face of extreme duress. The
author suggests that studying how institutions function in moments of crisis can help us better understand how
and why they persist. The article calls for the use of frameworks from theorists such as Foucault and Bourdieu to
explore these issues. The author also discusses the concept of resilience, suggesting that it is facilitated when
elites allow for greater autonomy in material fields while maintaining symbolic limits. The author argues that studying
the Blockade can provide important lessons for dealing with crises such as climate change and pandemics.
The Blockade of Leningrad was a significant historical event, not only in its own right, and not only in the context
of Soviet/Russia history. The Blockade is a story of human suffering and survival, innovation and resistance. It is
our story and has lessons for us, across space and time. Area scholars in whatever discipline are obliged to learn
from scholars of other places and topics so as to gain tools to make sense of what happened in the Blockade; but
those other others are obliged to learn about the Blockade to learn not only more empirical data, but also new
explanations that will enrich their accounts of human practices and the human condition.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Blockade

value: World War II

value: Leningrad

value: Stalin


dc.contributor.author

value: Lomagin, N. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lomagin N. A. ‘Understanding the Meaning of the Blockade: New Methods for Studying Blockade Everyday Life’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 833–839. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.408 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The book by Jeffrey Hass Wartime Suffering and Survival is the result of his many years of work in
the archives of St. Petersburg in order to comprehend the phenomenon of the blockade of Leningrad as one of
the largest humanitarian tragedies of the twentieth century. Such a broad view of the history of the blockade is
highly expected from a sociologist who offered his own view of Bolshevism as a civilization during the war. The
book by J. Hass contains a lot of hidden and open polemics about the essence of Stalinism (the author prefers to
talk about Bolshevism), about the war and the blockade with major American and Russian historians, including
M. Foucault’s student S. Kotkin, as well as W. Goldman, A. Perry and S. V. Yarov. Knowing perfectly the historiography
of the blockade and being the permanent organizer of discussions on the history of the blockade at the
annual conferences of the Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies for almost twenty years,
J. Hass invariably raises major questions that allow one to see not only the special, but also the general, characteristic
of developed societies caught in an emergency situation for such a long time. Based on diaries, memoirs,
interviews, law enforcement reports and other official sources, this book tells about the life of ordinary Leningraders in conditions of war, famine and extreme uncertainty. Relations between people and the reduction of social
distance become especially important in conditions when the state and its institutions begin to falter. The opportunistic
behavior of some (including corruption in the trading system and crime), as well as the growing sense of
hopelessness in the autumn of 1941 and in the hardest months of the first blockade winter, were balanced to some
extent by mutual assistance and simple human relations of the majority of the townspeople.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Great Patriotic War


dc.contributor.author

value: Pavlovskiy, A. F.

value: Pavlovskaya, A. Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pavlovskiy A. F., Pavlovskaya A. Yu. ‘Suffering and Survival in Besieged Leningrad: A Sociologist’s View on the History of a Humanitarian Catastrophe’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 827–832.  (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The subject of the review is a book by American sociologist Jeffrey Hass devoted to the history of the
survival and suffering of civilians in besieged Leningrad in 1941–1944. Exploring the strategies of survival, the political
and bureaucratic control of the Leningrad authorities, the gender and class dimension of blockade survival,
as well as the discursive framework by which the Leningraders explained and comprehended the humanitarian
catastrophe that happened to them (theodicy of war), Hass, unlike most historians of the blockade, uses the
sociological approach of P. Bourdieu, describing the wartime everyday life of Leningrad through the prism of the
concepts “capital”, “habitus” and “field”. Based on an impressive body of blockade ego-documents and official
reports, the sociologist wonders why the Leningraders acted in the catastrophic conditions of the blockade in one
way or another, what social mechanisms were behind their suffering, resistance, opportunism and ethical choice.
Appreciating the book of Hass, the authors of the review consider it a methodological breakthrough in the modern
historiography of the siege of Leningrad and hope for the speedy translation of this book into Russian. If for Russian historians of war the book Wartime Survival and Suffering will become a model of a rigorous theory and
methodology for studying the wartime everyday life of civilians, then sociologists will be able to see how productive
for the social theory may be the study of ego-documents, personal testimonies describing the survival of the
inhabitants of a huge city in the conditions of a humanitarian catastrophe and an unprecedented military siege.

value: humanitarian catastrophe

value: survival

value: suffering

value: historical sociology


dc.contributor.author

value: Sloin, A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sloin A. ‘Inequality of Blockade Suffering and the Nature of (Soviet) Class’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 819–823. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.405

dc.description.abstract

value:
Jeffrey Hass’ Wartime Suffering and Survival is an important study of the social history of emotions
and group psychologies during the siege of Leningrad. Hass explores how Leningraders responded to the inhuman
conditions of suffering, death, and starvation. Following Pierre Bourdieu, Hass examines the collective responses
of different social strata to the siege, and how class was reconceptualized in terms of mental frameworks
of meaning-making, rather than relations to private property ownership. His analysis reveals how entrenched
class distinctions were in Soviet society, and how they impacted the strategies of survival employed by the population.
By combining theory with archival documents, Hass provides an innovative approach to understanding
the class-food nexus in Soviet society, and how the extreme conditions of the siege amplified the exploitative
wage labor relationship. Jeffrey Hass’ work shows how theory can allow deeper access into archival documents
and enrich analysis, thus offering an innovative avenue for reconceptualizing class as an agentive category. To
push back on the question of class, the Marxist understanding of class is critiqued, as Marx is quite critical of the
idea that class can be reduced to relations of private property. Class is instead seen as a phenomenon created
through the process of proletarianization and the alienation of human labor — and not simply as one of property
ownership. It is thus suggested that, in the context of hyperinflation, siege, scarcity, and threatening social breakdown,
food also began to function as money, constituting part of the wage and the most desperately needed part.
Read through this perspective, Jeff’s workers seem far less like a group bounded together not only by habitus
and customs of thought, but also by a social system of hyper-statist domination grounded from the outset of the
revolution on the wage labor form.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

value: Blockade

value: institutions

value: culture

value: power

value: resilience

value: social theory

dc.type

value: Article


title: Power under Siege

dc.contributor.author

value: Cristensen, P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Cristensen P. ‘Power under Siege’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 824–826. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.406

dc.description.abstract

value:
This book by Jeffrey K. Hass is an impressive work of scholarship that has uncovered a wealth of material
on the Siege of Leningrad during World War II. Through this research, the author has highlighted the power
dynamics at play during the siege. He argues that power was visible in the form of coercion and dependency, but
also in agenda setting and in the shaping of people’s attitudes and worldviews. The circumstances of the siege
forced people to innovate, act, and consider behaviors they would never have otherwise. The book also examines
how food became a central factor in the exercise of power, with official institutions trying to control production and
distribution, those involved in production and distribution using their positions in self-interested or empathetic
ways, and everyone needing to decide how to exercise “tragic agency” when it came to their own survival. The
author also argues that, in some paradoxical ways, the blockade empowered women, as they were called into
production, while also taking on the burden of procuring food for their families. This book is a fascinating exploration
of the various ways power manifested itself during the siege and how individuals and institutions responded
to the pressure of such dire circumstances.

dc.subject

value: Leningrad

value: World War II

dc.title

value: Power under Siege


dc.contributor.author

value: Hass, J. K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Hass J. K. ‘Introduction: Wartime Suffering and Survival’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 805–807. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.402

dc.description.abstract

value:
This roundtable reviews Jeffrey Hass’ Wartime Suffering and Survival, an in-depth historical ethnography
of the Blockade of Leningrad. Reviewers address various empirical, thematic, and theoretical facets of the
book and raise questions regarding each of these topics. Important issues include the nature of explanation in
the humanities (especially history) and the social sciences (in this case, sociology); the role and form of power in
such circumstances; and the nature of the Blockade itself as historical event. Reviews from the Southern Conference
on Slavic Studies, the Association of Slavic, East European and Eurasian Societies, and European University
at St. Petersburg provide further insight into the book and reflections on the Blockade. It is an important contribution
to the understanding of human resilience in the face of great suffering, and its implications for history, politics,
and society. It explores questions such as what happened to political identities, institutions, authority, and cultural
tropes when survival was at stake, and if there is a homo sovieticus that responds to trauma and survival differently
than a person elsewhere in human history. This roundtable seeks to provoke further rethinking of the Blockade,
of the Soviet experience of war, of the nature of survival and human resilience, and of the nature of explanation.

dc.subject

value: survival


dc.contributor.author

value: Slezin, A. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Slezin A. A. ‘Children in “Anti-Religious Offensive” at the Turn of the 1920s–1930s’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 956–973. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.416 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article studies the activities of “godless” youngsters in the initial period of USSR continuous collectivization
through the prism of intergenerational relations in the Russian village. Both archival documents and
materials of periodicals, methodological publications of the 1920s–1930s were used as the main sources. Priority
attention was paid to the analysis of the relationship in the spiritual sphere of the peasant representatives of the
“children of the revolution” generation (those whose childhood fell on the first post-revolutionary fifteen years)
and the “revolutionary turning point” generation (born at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries). Pioneers and other
young activists were involved in the “all-Union anti-religious offensive” officially announced at the end of 1929,
during which adherents of some religion were declared class enemies. The authorities relied on the younger
generation in the atheism in the village believing that children have fewer prejudices and it is easier to involve them
in a confrontation with believing “fathers”. Much attention in the article was paid to highlighting the role of children
in changing the rural festive culture, the peculiarities of the spread of atheistic views among children through the
media, school, and leisure practices. The position, according to which home education was declared extremely
harmful, was officially approved. The school was perceived not only as a tool for raising children, but also as a
lever for re-education of parents through their children. In the activities of pioneers, there were clear elements if
not of teaching, then of a challenge to the elders. The authorities were forced to maneuver under the influence of
mass protests: the “attack on religion” changed, but continued. Under its influence, the confrontation between young atheists and peasant adherents of traditional religions escalated and had devastating consequences for
the peasant continuity of generations.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project no. 22-18-00132 “Generation of
the ‘revolutionary turning point’ in the fate of the Russian countryside in the first third of the 20th century”, https://
rscf.ru/project/22-18-00132/

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

value: children

value: generations

value: fathers

value: youth

value: pioneers

value: village

value: peasants

value: religion

value: atheists

value: Collectivization

value: church

value: USSR


dc.contributor.author

value: Grebenyuk, P. S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Grebenyuk P. S. ‘The Dalstroy’s Crisis and the Problems of the Gold Mining in the North-East of the USSR in 1954–1957’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 906–924. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.413 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the main factors in the development of the Dalstroy gold mining after the creation
of the Magadan Region in December 1953. Since the late 1940s there were many factors of the crisis in the gold
mining of Dalstroy, including a decrease in the availability of alluvial gold reserves, a decrease in the average gold
content in the sands, a shortage of qualified personnel, problems in the organization of forced labor, as well as
decisions that determined the concentration of exploration work on gold deposits within the Kolyma gold-bearing
zone and the reorientation mainly for exploration and mining of tin. One of the main reasons for the Dalstroy gold
mining crisis was the transformation of the entire economic system of the organization to free labor. This process
was accompanied by the problems of organizing free and forced labor, high staff turnover, the need to select
qualified personnel to service bulldozers, excavators and flushing devices, to accommodate, improve and create
conditions for civilian workers, including former convicts and special settlers, as well as to provide work with prisoners
on new terms. The number of workers in the gold mining industry for 1953–1957 decreased by more than
2.5 times. The authorities of the region, while maintaining the system of benefits and relying on well-established
schemes and administrative resources, tried to replace the staff. The use of forced labor of prisoners versus the
use of “civilian” workers in the gold mining of the North-East in the 1950s was no longer due to economic calculation
in comparison with the period of the 1930s — the first half of the 1940s. In the 1950s, along with a decrease
in the volume of manual work, the growth of mechanization and automation, the work of convicts became more
and more costly and less efficient.

value: gold

value: gold industry

value: Soviet Gold Mining

value: Dalstroy

value: Magadan Region

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gorbatov, A. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gorbatov A. V. ‘Trials for Countering the Seizure of Church Valuables in Western Siberia (1922– 1923)’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 940–955. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.415 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The subject of the study was the analysis of the causes and the identification of the features of the
trials, as well as the description of their consequences for the Russian Church on the example of Western Siberia.
The source base for the study was the materials of daily Siberian newspapers Krasnoe Znamya and Krasny Altai,
archival documents and electronic databases of the Russian Orthodox Church. It was revealed that the believers’
attempts to resist the seizure of valuables in one form or another were recorded in all territories, but they were not
of a large-scale nature and were not accompanied (with some exceptions) by believers’ tough actions. In Siberia,
the campaign to confiscate church valuables ended with the initiation of criminal cases, and in a number of cities
(Tomsk, Barnaul) with show trials in the case of parishioners and Tikhonovite clerics, with active and atheistically
offensive covering these trials in local newspapers. An important role in the implementation of the church policy
of the young atheistic state was played by the secret services (GPU), which secretly controlled the ongoing
processes, using, among other things, a network of informers and agents. During the trials, facts of bias on the
part of the prosecution and pressure on public opinion with the help of newspaper propaganda and campaigning
public events were noticed. It has been established that the death sentences handed down in the course of most
trials to convicted hierarchs were canceled and the long sentences were reduced. After a short time, most of the
clergy were amnestied, and quite soon they resumed their spiritual service. It was a planned and coordinated
operation of the Soviet-party authorities on the ground in collaboration with the Main Political Directorate, aimed
at decomposing and weakening the Church as an ideological enemy.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was prepared with the support of the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project no. 19-18-00023
“Religion and power: the historical experience of state regulation of the activities of religious communities in
Western Siberia and adjacent regions of Kazakhstan in the 19th–20th centuries”

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Russian Orthodox Church

value: trials

value: seizure of church valuables

value: repressions

value: Renovationism

value: church policy

value: Western Siberia

value: Soviet Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Tverdyukova, E. D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tverdyukova E. D. ‘“Only in You I Found Support in the Implementation of the Highest Idea”: Correspondence between the Organizer of the First Popular Class of Military Drill Service and Gymnastics A. A. Lutskevich and Minister of War V. A. Sukhomlinov’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 925–939. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.414 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the activities of the inspector of public schools of the Bakhmut district Antiokh
Andreyevich Lutskevich, whose name in historiography is associated with the emergence of detachments of the
military drill service and gymnastics (the so-called “poteshnye”) in the Russian Empire at the beginning of the
20th century. The study, prepared on the materials of the Russian State Military Historical Archive, the State Archive
of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Historical Archive, in which A. A. Lutskevich’s correspondence
with War Minister V. A. Sukhomlinov was postponed, presents a new look at the personality of the “pioneer” of the
“poteshnye” movement. Information about the creation of the first popular class of construction and gymnastics,
brought by Lutskevich through the mediation of Sukhomlinov to Emperor Nicholas II, was the starting point for
developing a program for the physical development of Russian youth, and at the same time the reason for aggravating
interdepartmental disagreements. The actions of an official who served in the Ministry of Education,
committed bypassing the immediate superiors, make it possible to characterize his activities as a person who
is not devoid of career ambitions, using patriotic rhetoric trying to achieve status privileges through the Highest
Disposition.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was prepared with the financial support of the Foundation for Russian Civilization “Svetoslav”, project
no. 3/2023 “Education of citizenship among children and youth in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century:
theory and practice of public policy”

dc.subject

value: poteshnye

value: class

value: Military Drill Service

value: gymnastics

value: military-patriotic education

value: Nickolas II


dc.contributor.author

value: Sak, K. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sak K. V. ‘The House of Soviet Science and Culture in Prague and Soviet Public Diplomacy after the Prague Spring’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 974–989. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.417 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the problem of constructing scientific and cultural communication channels of
the USSR and Czechoslovakia after the “Prague Spring” of 1968 on the example of the opening of the House of
Soviet Science and Culture in Prague (HSSC). The initiator of this process was the Union of Soviet Friendship
Societies. It was his offices that became one of the few surviving links of public diplomacy of the USSR after
1968. Based on archival documents the author shows that the SSOD was integrated into the Soviet political
system, and its projects in Czechoslovakia were carried out under the control of party and state structures. The
idea of opening a House of Soviet Science and Culture in Prague, which arose in 1969, completely belonged
to the Soviet side and in practice met with considerable difficulties in its implementation. HSSC was opened
in 1971 in the presence of the first leaders of the USSR and Czechoslovakia. The images of the achievements
of socialist science and culture presented in it symbolized the transition to “normalization” in the socio-cultural
sphere of the two countries. The Soviet leadership recognized this experience as successful and authorized
the strengthening of the work of Soviet cultural centers around the world as an instrument of Soviet propaganda.
However, the resources of the USSR were limited and inferiored to its more successful “competitors” from
capitalist countries. At the same time HSSC opened up new opportunities for travel and informal intercultural
exchange between scientists, cultural figures and Czechoslovak philistines. Therefore, his activity can be characterized
as a local experience of Soviet public diplomacy, carried out in the spirit of Brezhnev’s “little deal”
with Czechoslovakia.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project no. 20-78-10053 “Soviet-Czechoslovak
scientific communications in 1948–1991: transfer of ideas and social practices of scientists”

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Prague

value: Czechoslovakia

value: USSR

value: culture

value: science

value: Prague Spring

value: public diplomacy

value: scientific communications

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Amanzholova, D. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Amanzholova D. A. ‘About the Latest Russian Historiography of Soviet Ethno-National Politics: Plots, Problems, Ideas’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 990–1005. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.418 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The main attention is paid to the national historiography. The achievements of Russian historians
are distinguished by an integrated approach, interdisciplinarity, professional analysis of unique sources, which
makes it possible to reconstruct the process of implementing Soviet national policy in different ethnosocial environments,
highlight similarities and differences on the example of individual national regions, provide a solid
foundation for the creation of generalizing works and determining research prospects. In this regard, one of the
controversial topics of modern historiography related to the interpretation of the concept of the “Soviet people”
is also highlighted. The author notes that the early Soviet period is most intensively studied, when intensive nation-building took place and the image of the Soviet Federation took shape. The most important ideas of scientists
are highlighted, which analyze the essence, nature and details of federal construction, the organization of the
transit of the multicultural, initially complex society of the USSR from tradition to modernity, the development of
interethnic relations, state policy in ethnosocial and ethno-cultural fields, the activities of national leaders, personnel
policy in national republics, ethno-oriented practices in different periods of Soviet history. The author
emphasizes the actual meaning of the Soviet historical experience of the functioning of a multi-component state
and interethnic consolidation, including during the Great Patriotic War, in order to solve modern problems of
strengthening the civil unity of Russian society. Due to the need for a critical analysis of the “decolonial” discourse
of foreign historiography, the author considers the study of socio-economic relations and interaction of national-
state and administrative-territorial units of the USSR to be very relevant, both among themselves and in the
context of the organizing and coordinating role of all-Union institutions. Some ideas are proposed to expand the
subject field and problematize a wide range of debatable issues.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared within the framework of the Program of Scientific research related to the study of the
ethnocultural diversity of Russian society and aimed at strengthening the all-Russian identity (2023–2025), project:
“Critical analysis of the concept of neocolonialism in relation to the Soviet experience of national policy and
ethno-cultural development”.

dc.subject

value: historiography

value: ethnonational policy

value: ethnicity

value: nation-building

value: interethnic integration

value: acculturation


dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanov, A. A.

value: Kovaleva, E. O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanov A. A., Kovaleva E. O. ‘“Put… under Especially Vigilant Control”: Correspondence of Senior Government and Church Officials about the Newspaper Pochaevskie Izvestia (1908–1909)’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 1022–1037. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.421 (In Russian)

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project no. 23-28-00071 “Between national
and social radicalism: the peasantry of Right-bank Ukraine in 1905–1922”, https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-00071/

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

value: «Pochaevskie Izvestia»

value: Pochaev Lavra

value: Stolypin

value: Union of the Russian People

value: Black Hundred


dc.contributor.author

value: Frolova, I. V.

value: Lukmanova, R. K.

value: Frolov, K. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Frolova I. V., Lukmanova R. K., Frolov K. A. ‘A Solidary Society: From History to Present’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 1013–1021. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.420 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides a description of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference “Solidarity
Society as an Ideal and a Project: History and Modernity”, held on March 16, 2023 in Ufa. The Institute of History
and Public Administration of the Ufa University of Science and Technology organized the conference. It is the part
of the project “Solidarity society: from discursive analysis to social practice”, supported by the Russian Science
Foundation. The focus of the conference participants was the consideration and comprehension of complex and
debatable issues related to the search for the consolidating foundations of modern Russian society. Researchers
have pondered what constitutes solidarity and the social ideal in historical retrospect; how the problem of solidarity
is presented in Russian and world social thought; whether it is possible to visualize the ideas of solidarity in
art. Key issues were presented in the reports of the plenary part and then discussed in the format of round tables,
lectures, discussions, scientific sessions of students. According to participants, the mission of social science
and the humanities is to combine the ideas of solidarity with the fate of the country. Thus, it is necessary to consider
solidarity in the historical perspective, primarily the Russian one. The integration of social and humanitarian
knowledge is capable of synthesizing a stereoscopic vision of the manifestations of solidarity in public life.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project no. 23-28-01474 “Solidarity Society:
from Discursive Analysis to Social Practice”, https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-01474/

value: solidarity

value: social discourse

value: Russian society

value: Soviet society

value: history

value: modernity

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bakhturina, A. Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bakhturina A. Yu. ‘The Grand Duchy of Finland at the Beginning of the 20th Century: From “Sovereign Possession” to Independence [Rev. on: Russia and the Independence of Finland, 1899– 1920. Collection of documents: in 3 vols., comp. by M. V. Zelenov. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2021]’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 1006–1012. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.419 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The review examines the three-volume publication of documents Russia and the Independence of
Finland, 1899–1920. Collection of documents: in 3 vols, prepared by a team of Russian and Finnish archivists.
The thematic publication aims to show the differences between the ruling elite of the Russian Empire and the socio-
political elite of the Grand Duchy of Finland on the issue of the degree of independence of the latter in the field
of legislation and administrative management. An array of documents on the history of Russian-Finnish relations,
including documents from the Russian archives and the National Archives of Finland, has been published for the
first time. The compilers paid special attention to the documents devoted to the lengthy discussions on the legal
status of the Grand Duchy of Finland and its correction in 1899–1917. The collection contains documents on the
interaction of political leaders of Finland with the Provisional Government and the Bolshevik Council of People’s
Commissars, covering the period from 1917 to 1920. More than 42 % of the collection’s documents are published
for the first time. In addition to documents revealing the preparation and adoption of legislative acts regulating
the situation of the Grand Duchy, the volumes of the collection include documents illustrating current problems:
the fight against Russian revolutionaries on Finnish territory, the attitude of the Finnish population to Russia’s
participation in the First World War. The documents of the collection reveal the process of movement towards the
creation of an independent Finland, and show that the policy of the tsarist government in this region was aimed
at creating borders defining the spheres of general Imperial and Finnish legislation. The published materials convincingly
show the reasons for the failures in the policy of the autocratic government, which led to the deterioration
of relations with the Grand Duchy of Finland.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 13; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Grand Duchy of Finland

value: independence

value: Finland

value: Finnish Question

value: Russian Empire

value: national policy

value: Soviet Power