dc.contributor.author

value: Chistyakov, Kirill V.

value: Amosov, Mikhail I.

value: Volkov, Ilya V.

value: Kurochkin, Yuriy N.

value: Lessovaia, Sofia N.

value: Manakova, Maria V.

value: Nehuzhenko, Natalia A.

value: Strelkov, Ivan I.

value: Tyusov, Gregory A.

value: Shastina, Galina N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chistyakov, K. V., Amosov, M. I., Volkov, I. V., Kurochkin, Yu. N., Lessovaia, S. N., Manakova, M. V., Nehuzhenko, N. A., Strelkov, I. I., Tyusov, G. A., Shastina, G. N. (2019). Climatic Conditions of Steppe and Tundra Formations in the Altai Highland Depressions. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 64 (4), 612–627.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Data on the climate and vegetation of the Altai highland depressions are mapped in this paper.
The Bertek depression (located 2200–2400 m above sea level) and the lake depression of
Khindiktig-Khol’ (2300–2400 m a.s.l.) were chosen as study objects. The investigation is based
on information about vegetation and microclimatic differences obtained during 2018 field
research. Long-term observations of Bertek and Mugur-Aksy meteorological stations are applied
to climate characteristics. Steppe vegetation is typical for the depressions. Tundra species
also exist alongside steppe ones within the Khindiktig-Khol’ region, though in some cases a
mosaic of tundra and steppe is found. Tundra communities are insignificant within the Bertek
depression. Vegetation cover of the depressions develops under the conditions of a short-term
vegetation period and undergoes the negative impact of low summer temperatures (mean July
temperatures in Bertek are 9.3 °С; in Khindiktig-Khol’—10.8 °С). The data are significantly
lower than the mean temperatures of the flat steppe zone. Taking into account the temperature
data, the investigated areas are associated with the tundra zone. The climate humidification
level is not enough to develop the continuous cover of tundra cenosis (Vysotskii-Ivanov’s precipitation-
evaporation ratio of Khindiktig-Khol’ equals 0.74; in Bertek — 0.61). According to
the fact above, the Khindiktig-Khol’ depression is more humid, and the tundra communities
live together with the steppe vegetation. Microclimatic observations of the neighboring areas
with different tundra and steppe cenoses show that the species composing tundra with the
dwarf birch (Betula rotundifolia) have unique features that create favorable conditions for the
existence of this community. In comparison with the steppe area, the air during the daytime
heats up better not only above the tundra pattern, but also beneath it. Moreover, the dwarf
birch (Betula rotundifolia) maintains snow cover, which results in better soil humidification.
Consequently, the vegetation cover is more diverse in the Khindiktig-Khol’ depression, making
it possible to figure out the appearance of its exclusive tundra and steppe mixture.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project 18-05-00860 А.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Mongun-Taiga

value: Ukok

value: meteorological station HOBO

value: climatograph

value: precipitationevaporation ratio

value: tundra

value: steppe

value: Betula rotundifolia

value: Dryas oxyodonta

value: Kobresia

value: Festuca

value: Helictotrichon

value: Poa


dc.contributor.author

value: Petin, D. I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petin D. I. ‘Friedrich Andreevich Zemit — the Organizer of the Soviet Financial System’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 9, no. 4, 2019, pp. 928–941.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is a historical and biographical study of the fate of an important Soviet financial official of
Latvian origin, who played a crucial role in the formation of the Soviet financial and economic system during the
Civil War, directly leading the reconstruction of regional financial systems and financial management bodies in
Ukraine and Siberia. The hero of our story had good professional authority among the highest Soviet state and financial
figures. F. A. Zemit was acquainted with V. I. Lenin; his close circle included N. N. Krestinskiy, G. Ya. Sokolnikov,
A. O. Alskiy, and others. Mass repressions in the 1930s of representatives of the Latvian diaspora and Soviet
financial employees foreshadowed Zemita’s tragic fate. The article addresses historical and biographical method
used, as well as the general historiography of the issue at hand. The basis for this study was unpublished sources
from the 1920s (mainly questionnaires, autobiography, and personnel records) in the Russian State Archive of
Economics and the State Archive of the Russian Federation, as well as in five Siberian regional archives and
periodicals. These allow the reconstruction of Zemit’s complex life in detail. The article concludes with thoughts about the influence of the Revolution and Civil War on the fate of the hero of this article. This publication may be
of interest to a wide range of readers: specialists in the history of the Russian financial system, students of the
history of the Latvian diaspora in Russia, and those interested in Soviet pre-war society, repressive policies of the
Soviet state, and practical genealogy.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 9; Issue 4

value: Letts

value: Soviet Power

value: Soviet Society

value: Civil War

value: finance

value: currency

value: repression

value: genealogy

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Tabanakova, Vera D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tabanakova V. D. Book review: Sergei Shelov. An essay on the theory of terminology: composition, conceptual organization, practical applications. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 726–736.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The text of the review on S. D. Shelov’s scientific monograph “An Essay on the Theory of Terminology:
Composition, Conceptual Organization, Practical Applications” is organized in accordance
with the structure of the monograph itself and aims to trace the setting and the solution
of the problems, ideas, and hypotheses put forward by the author. The review examines
the contents of all the monograph’s sections (three parts, nine chapters and five supplements),
analyzes and comments on the results of the author’s research at every stage, and emphasizes
the author’s unique approaches. Thus, the author suggests his own vision of such term parameters as accuracy and inaccuracy, clarity and vagueness, definiteness and lack of definition,
normality, polymorphism, ambiguity, vagueness terminological variability, terminological synonymy
and terminological dimorphism. Conceptually important statements, debating points,
as well as scientific theoretical and applied problems awaiting a solution are described in detail
and quoted. Such problems include, for example, the idea of the regular and the irregular
polysemy transfer from general vocabulary to the terminological units. The review pays special
attention to the author’s definitions of such basic categories as term studies, term, term
variability, term motivation and terminological field. Specific attention is given to the author’s
style– the logic of arguing, the modality of the narration, and the hierarchy construction of
the contemporary issues of the term theory. The general assessment of the significance of the
peer-reviewed research in domestic term studies is provided in the conclusion.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: terminology

value: term

value: term studies

value: term theory


dc.contributor.author

value: Tyapin, Igor N.

value: Maslov, Vadim M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tyapin I. N., Maslov V. M. Philosophical expertise as a factor of desubjectivation of the technogenic trend and achievement of social justice. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2019, vol. 35, issue 4, pp. 569–579.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article substantiates the idea for the establishment of philosophical expertise as an actual
theoretical and practical form for solving the fateful problems of our time. The direct source
of the philosophical expertise is humanitarian expertise, brought to life by the use of modern
biotechnology. A working mechanism of dialogue of civil society, the scientific community
with the government and business has formed. New spheres of reality have been designated
where it was possible and necessary to involve humanitarian, social, examination. All positive
achievements in the field of social and humanitarian expertise are enriched and generalized
within the framework of philosophical expertise. Philosophical examination should indicate
the main thing. Social justice is an integrated category that has social, moral, legal, and political
(including geopolitical) significance. Problems of social justice should be seen as the focus
of negative trends in capitalistic globalization. The technogenic trend — an increasingly accelerating
process of spreading and developing everything related to the technical, technological
in its corresponding uncertainty and increasing impact on social life, on the fate of humanity
in the form of catastrophes, self-destruction, post-out-human overcoming — even stronger
conserves and enhances social injustice. Philosophical expertise can contribute to the solution
of global problems, changing the negative vector of the functional relationship of technogenic
and social processes to the positive; the return of man, society, and the national state, of the
role of subjectivity, in solving the issues of its further existence effectively.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 35; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: globalization

value: social justice

value: technogenic trend

value: NBICS-convergence

value: transhumanism

value: dehumanization

value: pseudo-rationality

value: humanitarian expertise

value: philosophical expertise


dc.contributor.author

value: Bánhidi, Zoltán

value: Dobos, Imre

value: Nemeslaki, András

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bánhidi Z., Dobos I., Nemeslaki A. (2019) Comparative Analysis of the Development of the Digital Economy in Russia and EU Measured with DEA and Using Dimensions of DESI. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 35, iss. 4, pp. 588–605.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The aim of this paper is to compare the development of the digital economy in Russia with
that of the 28 countries of European Union (EU). Data were compiled from the European
Commission’s International Digital Economy and Society Index (I-DESI 2018) database.
After providing a brief overview of various alternative ways to measure the impact of information
and communications technologies (ICT), we examine the most important features,
advantages, and drawbacks of this database. We then describe the structure of our dataset
and proceed with the analysis of the digital competitiveness of Russia and the EU-28. Our
main research questions are concerned with the robustness of the EU data supply and the
stability of its ranking. For this, we use the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and
the one-dimensional version of multidimensional scaling, which can also be employed for
ranking issues. In addition to the conventional DEA method, we also investigate the viability
of common-weights DEA models. We compare the results obtained to answer our
questions. In evaluating the results, we also discern how data from Russia matches EU
data on the digital economy. The comparison suggests that methods used in our study provide
a similar solution, but the ranking of a few countries (including Russia) show wider
variation.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 35; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: DESI index

value: digital public administration

value: innovation

value: data envelopment analysis

value: multidimensional scaling

value: ranking

dc.title

value: Article


title: In Memoriam of Liudmila Verbitskaia

dc.identifier.citation

value: In Memoriam of Liudmila Verbitskaia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 536-537.

dc.description.abstract

value: In Memoriam of Liudmila Verbitskaia

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 16; Issue 4


dc.contributor.author

value: Sheetov, Michael V.

value: Biske, Yurii S.

value: Pleshivtseva, Elsa S.

value: Potapovitch, Alexey A.

value: Sumareva, Irene V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sheetov, M. V., Biske, Yu. S., Pleshivtseva, E. S., Potapovitch, A. A., Sumareva, I. V. (2019). Archaeological Sites of A. A. Inostrantsev and Holocene Tectonics of South Ladoga Region: Geological Context. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 64 (4), 628–650.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The archaeological sites of A. A. Inostrantsev (Late Mesolithic–early iron age) were found in
1878 during the construction of canals on the southern coast of Lake Ladoga. Their cultural
layer is now below the current water level and buried under the multimeter strata of sediments
of the Late Holocene Ladoga transgression. The palaeogeographic conditions of existence and
the modern geological context of these sites are the classical, oldest and still unsolved problem
of Quaternary geology in northwestern Russia. On the basis of detailed geological, geomorphological,
litho-, palino- and chronostratigraphic investigation of late- and post-glacial
deposits, it is established that the geological structure of the Quaternary strata in the area of
the sites has a number of fundamental features. Among them it should be noted: (1) the basin
and subaeral Medium-Late Holocene deposits of the same age are located at the same height;
(2) time stretching of the final (regressive) phase of the Ladoga transgression in the lower
reaches of the Volkhov River; (3) archaeological sites of reticular (textile) ceramics in the lower
reaches of the rivers Volkhov and Syas’ are located below synchronous water level; (4) the
asymmetry of the structure of the left and right banks of the Volkhov — including a reduction
in the thickness of the Early Holocene member until its complete erosion in the territory
east of the Volkhov, the young age and anomalous thickness of the sands with discoveries of
A. Inostrantsev on the track channels, as well as the emergence of accommodation space in the
Late Holocene and the formation of a lagoon, where a thick stratum of Ladoga transgression
sediments accumulated. These features control the spread of A. A. Inostrantsev’s discoveries
and are apparently associated with the differentiated sin- and postsedimentation submergence
of the Volkhov–Syas’ interfluve in the Late Holocene (its amplitude increases to the north).

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Palaeolimnology

value: Ladoga transgression

value: Inostrantsev sites

value: Neolithic

value: lagoon-bar system

value: Holocene tectonics


dc.contributor.author

value: Bukharin, Mikhail D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bukharin M. D. Vasily Struve and Formation of Categories of Soviet Historical Science. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2019, vol. 64, iss. 4, рр. 1440–1458.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents previously unknown work by V. V. Struve “Objections and additions to
S. Ya. Lurie’s report “Social revolution” in Egypt”. A cornerstone of Struve’s work is justifying
that some of papyri sources, namely the Leiden papyrus No. 344 and Hermitage papyrus
No. 1116 B recto were reflections of social revolution in Egypt. This opinion was opposed to
the point of view of S. Ya. Lurie who believed that these papyri reflected descriptions of popular
festivals. In 1923, Lurie presented his paper “Social revolution in Egypt”, presumably in the
Palestinian society, challenging a number of experts on these sources. V. V. Struve considered
that Lurie had misinterpreted the papyri. The work published below is the earliest evidence of
the existence of the concept of social revolution in the Ancient East. The report by S. Ya. Lurie
still has not been discovered, however references to it and to a broader context within which
Struve’s work was being prepared give grounds to suggest that this idea was widespread in
the Russian historiography already in the second half of the 1910s. The concept of “social
revolution” was one of the foundations on which the idea of transition from one social-political
formation to another as a result of revolution was formulated, as well as the idea about
typological unity of these processes for all societies of antiquity. The article contributes to the
biography of V. V. Struve, and sheds more light on the history of formation of the categories of
the Soviet historical science.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with support of Russian Scientific Foundation (project “World History in
Soviet science, culture and education in 1917–1947”, grant No. 18-18-00367).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: history of historical science

value: social revolution

value: V. V. Struve

value: S. Ya. Lurie

value: Ancient Egypt

value: papyri

value: social-political formation

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Balashevich, Diana Dmitrievna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Balashevich D. D. Discourse analysis of an interview about the Bulgarian Pomak wedding ceremony. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 538–556.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The material of the article is a transcribed interview recording about a wedding ceremony of
the middle of the 20th c. with an informant born in 1932, identifying herself as Pomak (Bulgarians-
Muslims) and is a native speaker of the Smoljan subdialect of the Bulgarian Rhodope
dialect. The relevance of the work is due to the increasing interest of modern humanities to religious
minorities and the necessity of developing the most effective methods of field linguistics
(based on the dialect material that is quickly disappearing due to social reasons) as well as
the novelty of the original material. The article depicts cases of disclosure of information when
there are no questions by using the question “what is called y+z?” or the question “do you have
a lexeme x?,” by using a clarifying question, or by the question of repeated inquiry; the most
frequent one turned out to be “what is called y+z?.” The article also considers the cases of categorical
denial of the information proposed in the question, the lack of memories, the cases of
a detailed answer or a one-word answer. The most effective questions are “do you have y+z?”
and the question of repeated inquiry, resulting in the highest number of positive responses.
Due to the dialectic nature of the narrative, the number of questions “do you have a lexeme x?”
that aim at concretizing the meaning of a lexeme given by the interviewer was minimal, as the
informant mentioned the marked lexis himself without any question being asked.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was started with the support of grant RSF No. 14-18-01405 “From separation to symbiosis:
languages and cultures of Southeast Europe in contact” and completed with the support of grant RSF No. 19-
18-00244 “Balkan bilingualism in dominant and equilibrium contact situations in diatopy, diachrony and
diastration.”

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 16; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: discourse analysis

value: role of the question in narrative

value: interviewing methods

value: language code of the wedding ceremony

value: Pomaks


dc.contributor.author

value: Salem, Marwa M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Salem M. M. The Role of Bureaucratic Politics in Egypt’s Africa Policies under Mubarak. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2019, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 566–589.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The decision-making process in Egypt at the ruling time of its fourth president Hosni Mubarak
was dominated by the president and a very small core group composed mainly, but not exclusively,
of advisers whom he appointed and dismissed. The level of their influence on his decisions
was almost wholly dependent on their accessibility to Mubarak himself. Towards the end
of his rule, President Mubarak was no longer capable of resuming his duties effectively. Therefore,
several of these issues were brought under the responsibility of the ruling elite, whereas
other issues were left to be handled by the relevant ministry. It became possible for some parts
of the bureaucracy to make a significant impact on foreign policy, particularly on topics not
of interest to the ruling elite. This should not negate the effect of the internal dynamics of the
foreign ministry on the operationalization of the institution and subsequently on its ability to
execute mandates efficiently. Also, some institutions and ‘quasi-foreign policy agencies’ had
a role, however small, on foreign policy outcomes and competed with the foreign ministry.
Thus, the argument remains that the bureaucratic institution, despite its subordinate role, is
partly responsible for Egypt’s foreign policy unhappy ending under Mubarak.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 11; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: decision-making process

value: bureaucratic politics

value: African politics

value: Egypt’s Africa policies

value: Egyptian foreign ministry

value: president Mubarak


dc.contributor.author

value: Gukosyants, Olga Yu.

value: Latu, Maxim N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gukosyants O. Yu., Latu M. N. Some features of query construction in an expert system according to the peculiarities of knowledge structuring (using the domain of nanotechnology as an example). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 638–652.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the problem of information search intellectualization and knowledge
extraction acceleration by means of specialized software — an expert system with scientific
knowledge structured in the form of terminological networks. The objective of this research
is to illustrate how to extract the necessary data from the expert system by stating certain
requests and to find out what these requests are. The fragment of the terminological network
of the terms of the category Instrument (artificial object) and adjacent terms reconstructed
by the authors formed the basis of the article. The contexts with the technical terms of the
considered category (quantum dot, nanofibre, nanofilm, nanowire, nanoplate) were the sources
of the examples. Contextual analysis and the method of interpretation of the obtained data
were used to work out semantic relations between the terms of the domain of nanotechnology.
The allocated semantic relations made it possible to define the nature of the term system
interaction. Due to the verification of the received semantic relations resulting in prototypical
models for the technical terms mentioned above, the authors managed to reconstruct a
fragment of the generalized terminological network. These findings served as the basis to
identify some typical questions that should be used as search queries in the expert system. The
article shows that the created search queries are common and enable users to obtain necessary
information if the corresponding semantic relations in the terminological network of the
required terms exist.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The authors express their gratitude to the Ministry of science and higher education of the Russian
Federation that financially supported the study: project No. 34.3234.2017/PCh “Development of linguistic
principles of building an expert system for academic knowledge representation based on semantic terminological
networks construction.”

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: technical term

value: expert system

value: systemic relation

value: prototypic semantic scheme

value: search query

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Samoylov, Nikolay A.

value: Muenning, Mariana

dc.identifier.citation

value: Samoylov N. A., Muenning M. From Imperialist to Innovator: Some remarks on the use of “the West” in PRC history curricula and textbooks during the 1950s and 1980s. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2019, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 480–492.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The present paper provides an initial comparison of the image of “the West” in Chinese history
teaching materials in the 1950s and 1980s. The focus lies on secondary education, i. e. lower
and higher level secondary schools, with an occasional mention of the primary education level
and one example drawn from a book directed towards a general readership. School textbooks
published in the People’s Republic of China in the 1950s, as well as the accompanying teaching
materials, to a large extent, had copied similar textbooks and training programs used in
the Soviet Union. This was especially true of textbooks on world history. In the 1950s many
Soviet historians visited China and contributed to the development of world history teaching
programmes in Chinese universities and schools. It is therefore not surprising that Chinese
textbooks on general history sought mostly to emulate Soviet publications. This paper aims to
demonstrate the way Chinese textbooks pursued a legitimization of historical materialism by
applying it to world (more specifically: western) history. Special emphasis is laid on the Industrial
Revolution, which was the driving force behind the development of colonialism. China
enters the stage of world history as a victim of Western colonialism, which is seen as the result
of capitalism and an expression of worldwide class struggle according to Leninism. It is shown
how the West is presented as an aggressor and how Marxism and the Communist Party are
seen as legitimate defenders of China. The article concludes with a notable “plot twist” during
the Reform and Opening Era, in which the depiction of the Industrial Revolution is altered
significantly to give place to the praise of technological progress.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by RFBR and DFG according to the research project no. 17–21-
49001 (“Chinese perceptions of Russia and the West during the 20th century: changes, continuities and
contingencies”).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 11; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: China

value: educational policy in PRC

value: history textbooks

value: the image of the West

value: curriculum


title: Variability of hepatic α-amylase activities in the liver of fish species from the Sevastopol bays, Black Sea

dc.contributor.author

value: Kuzminova, Natalya

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuzminova, N. 2019. Variability of the hepatic α-amilase activities in the liver of fish species from the Sevastopol bays, Black Sea. Bio. Comm. 64(4): 235–243.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper presents the results of a study of α-amylase activity in the liver of
widely represented species of twelve Black Sea fish. Comparative analysis of
interspecies differences showed that the medium level of enzyme activity is
very high only in the liver of annular seabream and horse mackerel. The Black
Sea carnivorous species (scorpion fish, stargazers, shore rockling and whiting)
have low values of the medium level of enzyme activity (range from 0.02 to
62.79 mg/s/g of protein). Enzyme activity did not depend on fish sex, their age
or location. Research has established a lack of any link between enzyme activity
and age for both the scorpion fish and high body pickerel. While studying the
effects of seasonal peculiarities on enzyme activity in the liver of two dominant
species in the coastal zone, it was concluded that enzyme activity is lower in
winter than in other seasons.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was carried
out on the state theme of the IBSS
“Molismological and Biogeochemical Basis
of the Homeostasis of Marine Ecosystems”
(№ 0828-2019-0006) (registration number:
AAAA-A18-118020890090-2).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Communications;Volume 64; Issue 4

value: fish

value: digestive enzyme

value: liver

value: Black Sea


title: Burova I. I., Vasilieva E. V. Emma Bovari’s sisters: doctors’ wives in the Victorian female prose. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 653–672.

dc.contributor.author

value: Burova, Irina I.

value: Vasilieva, Elmira V.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of the essay is to analyze the images of doctors’ wives in the works of British
women writers during the second half of the 19th century and to consider the main trends in their evolution. The brilliant study by T. Sparks devoted to doctors in British Victorian novels
imparts the need for considering the images of doctors’ wives in Victorian female fiction. The
materials for our study included works by E. Gaskell, D. M. Mulock Craik, Mrs. Henry Wood,
A. I. Thackeray, M. E. Braddon and G. Eliot published between 1851 and 1872. The study shows
that the image of a doctor’s wife as her husband’s victim, that had dominated in earlier works,
was quite suddenly replaced by the image of a doctor’s wife destroying her spouse. The transition
can be explained by the weakening of the positions of Romanticism, decrease of public
interest in Gothic horrors, and a departure from the glorification of a criminal typical of the
Newgate novel. At the same time, this change may be explained by the publication of G. Flaubert’s
Madame Bovary. However, its influence should not be exaggerated, even if an authoress
(Braddon) overtly recognized the secondariness of her work to it. The rise of the so-called
‘First wave’ of feminism should also be taken into consideration as a significant factor influencing
the evolution of the image of a doctor’s wife in the Victorian novels by women writers.
Concurrently, their sympathy towards men and their tendency to blame the wives for family
tragedies are quite unexpected for feminist fiction.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 64; Issue 4

value: 19th-century British novel

value: female prose of the Victorian period

value: doctor’s wife image in fiction

value: first-wave feminism

value: domestic violence

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Vinograd, Natalia A.

value: Tokarev, Igor V.

value: Stroganova, Tatyana A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vinograd, N. A., Tokarev, I. V., Stroganova, T. A. (2019). Features of Groundwater Formation of the Main Aquifers of St. Petersburg and Suburbs Based on Data of Chemical and Isotope Composition. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 64 (4), 575–597.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The main aquifers used for water supply in St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast contain waters
with total dissolved solids (TDS) and chemical composition that vary considerably with the
distance from modern recharge areas, as well as depending on the composition of the host
rocks. Waters of the Quaternary, Devonian, Ordovician, Cambrian-Ordovician and Vendian
aquifers were sampled and analyzed. With low mineralization, a bicarbonate calcium-magnesium
composition predominates in waters of low TDS, while with its increase over 400–
600 mg/dm3, chlorides dominate in the anion composition, and sodium — in cation composition.
In some cases, low-mineralized water contains significant amounts of iron and can be
considered mineral-medicinal. A regional feature is the local excess (sometimes significant)
of the activity of natural radionuclides over the intervention levels. To identify formation conditions,
data on the isotopic composition (deuterium and oxygen content-18) of groundwater
were used. The greatest variety of isotopic compositions is observed in the waters of the Vendian
aquifer. On the Karelian Isthmus, it contains modern water (which is also indicated by tritium).
When moving to the south, in the direction of increasing TDS, the isotopic composition
of water in the Vendian aquifer gets lighter, up to the appearance of waters with obvious signs
of cryogenic metamorphosis. Light isotopic compositions are explained by the formation of
groundwater in the cold climatic period, which ended in this area at least 12,000 years ago.
Changes in the isotopic composition and chemistry of the waters of the Vendian aquifer are
simultaneous with an increase in their age at a distance from the recharge area. Hence, in natural
conditions, there is no areal recharge of the aquifer outside the area of its discharge to the land surface or under the permeable Quaternary deposits. In terms of water management, this
means that its resources in the area where TDS exceeds 0.7–1.0 g/ dm3 should be calculated
only as lateral inflow.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Aquifer

value: groundwater formation

value: chemical and isotope composition


dc.contributor.author

value: Tolochin, Igor V.

value: Vlasova, Assol A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tolochin I. V., Vlasova A. A. Rose — a color and a flower: Meaning and cultural context. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 618–637.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper focuses on the comparative analysis of dictionary definitions and selected contexts
for the word rose, adjective and noun, used both as the name of a flower and of a color. The following
dictionaries of the English language are used as sources of definitions: The American
Heritage Dictionary of English Language Online, Merriam-Webster Online, Oxford Dictionary
Online, The Collins Dictionary Online, Cambridge Dictionary Online, and the Macmillan
English Dictionary. A comparative analysis of the entries reveals a number of serious shortcomings.
The dictionaries demonstrate a tendency to prioritize highly specific information
from the contextual fields of biology and commercial gardening as the basis for their definitions,
which disconnects the definition from the majority of the illustrative examples within
the entries. The connection of rose to human emotions is either ignored completely or underrepresented.
The definitions of rose as the name of a color fail to clarify the specific nature of
this color and its semantic link to its homonym. The paper proposes an analysis of more than
700 contexts selected from linguistic corpora (BNC, COCA) and Google search engine, with
an alternative model of the polysemic structure of rose, the flower name, as a result. Also outlined
is the nature of the semantic motivation of rose, the color, by one of the senses of rose,
the flower. The proposed analytical method can considerably improve the quality of dictionary
entries by bringing definitions more in line with the actual use of the word in language.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: word meaning

value: polysemy

value: homonyms

value: definition

value: context


dc.contributor.author

value: Korshunova, Evgeniya A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Korshunova E. A. Tradition and intertext in S. N. Durylin’s play Don-Juan. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 689–701.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the previously unexplored play by S. N. Durylin Don-Juan (1908), which
is important for identifying the writer’s creative establishment. Durylin’s innovation in the
interpretation of the archetypical plot about Don Juan is considered. Following A. S. Pushkin
and in dispute with him, Durylin creates a new version of how we can interpret the hero. The
author first introduces the image of the Bright Maiden as the protagonist of the play about
Don Juan. In such a manner, he shifts the semantic accents of the text: this plot is not about
retribution, like Pushkin’s, but rather about the forgiveness of the hero by the Light Virgin.
The marker for this conceptual bias is the replacement of the statuary characters. Durylin
has a Statue of the Light Maiden, not a Commander. The interpretation of the famous plot
is shown in the context of the Silver Age of Russian literature. In pursuit of his beloved, he is
ready to sacrifice his most precious life. The figure of Don Juan, frozen on a horse before the
precipice, beyond which the expanse of the sea is revealed, undoubtedly evokes in his readers’ memory the image of the bronze horseman with the entire complex of eschatological meanings
actualized not only by Blok, but also by other symbolists. In this image and its almost
statuary completion, Durylin indisputably creates an artistic forecast of the historical future,
foreboding the discontinuity of the foundations of Russian life.

dc.subject

value: Don-Juan

value: type

value: intertext

value: tradition

value: Durylin

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Biricheva, Ekaterina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Biricheva E. V. The nature of conflict: Ontological paradox and existential effort of acceptance. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2019, vol. 35, issue 4, pp. 607–625.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper investigates the fundamental nature of conflict within an existential-phenomenological
approach. Despite extensive research having been carried out on the phenomenon
of conflict, little attention has been paid to its correlation with the ontological paradox. In
this context, the present paper attempts to locate a uniform ground for an understanding of
the entity of conflict by means of rethinking the specific position of man within Being. This
becomes possible through the unfolding of a complex existential-phenomenological methodology
consisting of a description of participants experiencing the paradoxical nature of
conflict. Conflict is sure to consist of an encounter between opposites, incompatibilities or
contradicting parties. However, where do these opposites originate and where are these
contradicting parties located? The search for answers reveals that ignoring (avoidance) an
understanding of the situation, as well as a rush to an immediate resolution of the conflict,
appears to be unproductive. One of the possible solutions might be found within the ontological
paradox in terms of phenomenological attentive consideration and existential effort
for accepting the insolvability of a conflict. Nevertheless, this way reveals a paradoxical path
for productively dealing with the nature of human conflict, allowing a thorough understanding
in the categories of finitude, entirety, “inner war,” self-state and effort of acceptance.
This complex approach may be further applied within both philosophical and sociopolitical
research areas based on the represented categories. For example, investigations of
such phenomena as crisis, habit, change, innovation, etc., are of great interest in terms of
harmonisation of self-state and effort for acceptance.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 35; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: conflict

value: nature of conflict

value: existential-phenomenological approach

value: ontological paradox

value: effort of acceptance


dc.contributor.author

value: Nilov, Sergei P.

value: Moskalenko, Artem N.

value: Khudoley, Andrey K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nilov, S. P., Moskalenko, A. N., Khudoley, A. K. (2019). The Tectonic Subsidence Evolution of the Southern Part of the East Barents Sedimentary Basin. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 64 (4), 598–611.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The history of the subsidence of the southern part of the East Barents Sedimentary Basin was
reconstructed based on the interpretation of 6 seismic profiles along with data from rare deep
wells. Total and tectonic subsidence were estimated, which made it possible to determine the
magnitude of the lithosphere stretching factor (β) throughout the history of the region. The
values of the stretching factor (β) range from 2.5–3.0 for areas with the highest thickness of
sediments in the central part of the basin, to 1.25–1.66 for areas on the margins of the basin
with the lowest thickness of sediments. Close values of the stretching factor (β) characterize the
Atlantic coast of North America in the area with predominant distribution of transitional crust.
If continental crust from adjacent areas of the Baltic Shield (approximately 40 km) is accepted
as undeformed, then according to seismic data, the crust thinning was approximately 2.5, which
is close to thinning estimated from the McKenzie model. Comparison of the obtained data with
theoretical models of passive margins subsidence indicates that rifting and transition to the stage
of sedimentary basin formation occurred in accordance with the McKenzie uniform stretching
model. Although available geological data show that the most intense rifting occurred in the Late
Devonian, the shape of the total and tectonic subsidence show that the most intense deposition
occurred in the Permian and Triassic. This contradiction gives evidence for the interpretation
that after the Late Devonian rifting, a deep-water basin was formed which filled in only in the
Permian. Water depth estimated from interpretation of sedimentological and paleontological data varies from 1.0 to 3.5 km. According to the shape of the tectonic subsidence curve, during
the Carboniferous, water depth was close to 3.5 km.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by RFBR-Norway grant № 16-55-20012.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 64; Issue 4

value: East Barents Sedimentary Basin

value: South Barents Basin

value: tectonic subsidence curves

value: stretching factor (β)


dc.contributor.author

value: Zelentsov, Alexander B.

value: Yastrebov, Oleg A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zelentsov, Alexander B., Yastrebov, Oleg A. 2019. “The concept of public administration in modern administrative law (comparative legal research)”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 626–654.

dc.description.abstract

value:
There is an increasing interest in the category of “public administration” in Russian administrative
law. The article argues for the development of this category’s comprehensive concept
that would meet the needs of the Russian legal system’s modern advancement. The article
considers the theoretical grounds for this concept in pre-Soviet administrative law, and diring
the Soviet period. The authors reveal the category’s essential features, after analyzing contemporary
Russian researchers’ ideas regarding its role and significance in dynamic Russian
administrative law. Approaches to conceptualizing public administration in Russian and foreign
administrative law are considered in the article and the authors contemplate the necessity
and possibility of providing an integrative definition of this category as the basic concept of
administrative law. Public administration is mapped within such concepts as executive and
administrative power, government, state and municipal administration, public administration
and governance. Public administration and governance are rationalized as paired categories
within Russian administrative law theory. Within the framework of comparative law, the approaches
to classifying the forms of public administration activities related to the implementation
of administrative functions are analyzed. On the basis of the analysis, it is proposed
to identify such forms of activities as intervening and facilitating public administration as
well as public administration through services provision. The paper further considers specific
features of public administration’s organizational structure and its types in the modern state.
The authors conclude on the feasibility of developing and adopting a law on the federal public
administration, and, on the basis of this law, to pass the regional legislative acts on the public
administration entities of the Russian Federation.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law;Volume 10; Issue 4

value: public administration

value: approaches to understanding public administration

value: administrative function

value: administrative activity

value: public authority

value: executive authority

value: government

value: organizational structure of public administration

value: types of public administration

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: van der Pol, Ruth A.

value: van der Pol, Liudmila V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: van der Pol, Ruth A., van der Pol, Liudmila V. 2019. “Dialogue St. Petersburg — Strasbourg: on the conflict between the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the European Court of Human Rights”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 781–795.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper reflects the authors’ opinion on the growing tension in the relationship between
the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the European Court of Human Rights
(ECtHR). It aims at informing a broad circle of interested readers, scholars, jurists and students
about the origins of the difficult relations between the Constitutional Court and ECtHR.
Relations between both courts significantly soured after the Constitutional Court delivered its famous Markin judgment, ruling that under certain circumstances it may not recognize judgments
from Strasbourg. This paper places this decision in the context of the manner in which
international law influences the Russian legal system according to the Russian Constitution.
The authors argue that it would substantially credit the Constitutional Court if it would give
up on the use of the so-called ‘last word’ and, in line with other European High Courts, would
engage in a constructive dialogue with Strasbourg. The paper also illustrates the tense relations
between the two highest courts with references to recent judgments of the constitutional
Court and places them in light of the Constitutional Court’s earlier ruling in the Bogdanov
and others v. Russia case of 2001 where it loyally acknowledged that the Convention is part of
Russia’s domestic legal system, accepted the jurisdiction of the Strasbourg Court and began to
render its case-law enforcement practice, including judicial, in full conformity with the obligations
from Russia’s participation in the Convention and the protocols thereto. Furthermore,
the authors highlight the approaches of several European courts in similar situations as well as
the opinions of various European and Russian lawyers on the significance of sovereignty and
importance of discussion on differences that arise between the Russian Constitutional Court
and ECtHR. In this respect the authors point to Protocol No. 16 of the Convention, which
creates for the highest Courts of the member states of the Council of Europe the possibility
to ask the Strasbourg Court for an ‘advisory opinion.’ According to the explanatory report,
protocol No. 16 is meant to foster dialogue between courts and enhance the Strasbourg court’s
constitutional role.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Constitutional Court

value: European Court of Human Rights

value: Konstantin Markin

value: nonenforcement judgments ECtHR

value: conflict

value: dialogue

value: protocol no. 16


dc.contributor.author

value: Gusman, Leonid Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gusman L. Yu. The Polish Question Through the Eyes of Russian Liberal Constitutionalists on the Eve and During the January Uprising. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2019, vol. 64, iss. 4, рр. 1213–1225.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines ideological positions of Russian liberal constitutionalists with regard to
the Polish question in the 1860s. The author comes to the conclusion that mutual misunderstanding
between Russian and Polish political writers stemmed from different perceptions of
the Polish issue. While the Polish side supposed that it was necessary to restore “historic Poland”
within the boundaries of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth before its first partition
in 1772, Russian liberals and radicals, to a certain extent, were ready to consider only the autonomy
or independence of “ethnographic Poland” conceding the possibility of national referendum
about the state affiliation of the disputed territories. The events in Russia and Poland
determined changes in the views on acute problems of the Russian-Polish co-existence. The
author exemplifies this statement by the evolution in political positions on the Polish question
of a famous Russian émigré and constitutionalist P. V. Dolgorukov. When he edited the journal
“Budushchnost” (“Future”) in 1860–1861, he advocated autonomy of “ethnographic Poland”,
at the end of 1862 — the middle of 1863 he joined the supporters of independent “ethnographic
Poland” and referendum on the state affiliation of contemporary Lithuania, Belorussia
and Right-Bank Ukraine, and after the suppression of the Polish rebellion in 1863–1864, the
émigré turned to his previous position. By this time, it had become evident that despite the
disagreement between “the White” and “the Red” in the Polish national movement, politically
active Poles were united in their understanding of one issue — “the Polish-Lithuanian
Commonwealth from the sea to the sea”. However, this view was inadmissible for the Russian
liberals and even revolutionaries, let alone conservatives. This maximalism delayed the return
of Poland to the European political map not only as an independent state but also as a political
autonomy modelled on Finland of the 19th century.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the grant No. 19-18-00073 “National Identity in the Imperial Politics of
Memory: History of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish-Lithuanian State in Historiography and
Social Thought of the 19th–20th centuries” of the Russian Science Foundation.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Poland

value: liberalism

value: P. V. Dolgorukov

value: maximalism

value: independence


dc.contributor.author

value: Bahmani, Naser Shiragha

value: Makhmudov, Mahkam Azamovic

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bahmani, Naser Sh., Makhmudov, Mahkam A. 2019. “Some issues regarding non-payment of alimony to a spouse according to the law of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Republic of Tajikistan”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 712–721.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The establishment of good links between societies, people of any society, or family, and even
spouses is determined by needs, the implementation of which must be provided by all parties.
One of these needs, which play an important role in the economic, social, and cultural
structure of society, is the mutual rights and obligations of spouses over alimony. In both the
Islamic Republic of Iran and the Republic of Tajikistan, the law on alimony is of great importance
in the stability and peace of the family, on the one hand, or in the collapse of family ties,
on the other. Therefore, studying the rules of alimony and assessing its positive and negative
consequences in the laws of the two countries can serve as a guide for reforming legislation
and protecting the rights of the family. So, in the present study we try to use the method of
comparative analysis to study the concept of alimony, the consequences associated with them
in the areas of adherence, and the guarantee for the legal implementation of non-payment of
alimony. The hypothesis of our work is that the non-payment of alimony in two countries Iran
and Tajikistan entails different penalties. The purpose of this study is to identify the deficiencies
of legislation in this area, and the positive cases of alimony rights in Tajik legislation in
the field of prevention, as well as in the field of the guarantee for implementation. The results
show that fundamental shortcomings send lawmakers in the Islamic Republic of Iran to the
fact that laws on the protection of the family, the issuance of alimony and the punishment of
non-payment of them require a serious revision to overcome the fundamental problems in
this area.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law;Volume 10; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: spouses

value: maintenance obligations

value: Iranian legislation

value: Tajik legislation

value: payment of alimony

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Romashov, Roman A.

value: Bryleva, Elena A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Romashov, Roman A., Bryleva, Elena A. 2019. “Post-prison resocialization — myth or reality?” Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 827–835.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this article, the authors draw attention to the consistently high growth of recidivism among
those who returned from prison. The reasons for this are insufficiently effective re-socialization
activities, while the authors point out that the activities of the Federal Penitentiary
Service in prisons during the prison period are currently the most streamlined both in terms
of regulatory legal support and in technical and legal terms. The main problems arise for
convicts upon returning from prison, which is associated with the loss of social ties; difficulties
in finding a job, while the state represented by authorized bodies and officials, in fact,
distances itself from the process of post-prison resocialization. The authors in the process of
the study point out the following issues that need to be resolved both at the legislative and
administrative levels: the formation of common approaches in defining the concept of “resocialization”,
“probation”, as well as in developing common requirements and standards in the
field of post-prison resocialization. The authors conclude the need for an integrated approach
to the re-socialization of convicts with the involvement of civil society institutions and refer
to the historical past of the Russian Empire, in particular, patronage societies that are quite
effective at that time. The authors have noted positive examples of concrete practical assistance
to people who have returned from places of detention, in particular such organizations are the
Center for the Promotion of Criminal Justice Reform.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: resocialization

value: convicts

value: Federal Penitentiary Service

value: state

value: civil society

value: societies patronage


dc.contributor.author

value: Shastitko, Andrey E.

value: Shabalov, Ivan P.

value: Filippova, Irina N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shastitko A. E., Shabalov I. P., Filippova I. N. (2019) Informal Institutions in Contracting under Conditions of Fundamental Changes (Evidence from the Large-diameter Pipe Industry). St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 35, iss. 4, pp. 484–512.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article aims to shed a light on the role processes of negotiations for the development
of industry, especially in the context of fundamental changes caused by external factors that
require adapting contracts. The study considers the example of Russian production of large
diameter pipes (LDP). This achieved significant success in 2015-2016, but currently this sector
is experiencing a decline in demand, crises in negotiations, and a transition to non-cooperative
behavior. The development of the industry has required decisions based mainly not on
complete formal legal contracts, but on informal agreements, including active negotiations
between market participants. Negotiations have been provided by a specialized agent, an “intermediary”
(facilitator) in the LDP market. The facilitator had competence in specialized
negotiations, as his interests partially coincided with those of consumers and manufacturers.
However, due to the negative demand shock, the facilitator left the market, and as a result, a
crisis of negotiations between main market participants arose, which led to a transition to new
market participants who do not have formal certification of expertise. New institutional economic
theory, negotiation theory, and game theory do not address in detail the role of negotiations
between companies. In this paper, we consider game-theoretic models that reproduce
the decisions of market participants and an equilibrium they form, which takes into account
the role of negotiations and their features. The analysis shows possibilities and limitations of
informal institutions in the negotiation process, contributing to the distribution conflict solution
and a way out of non-cooperative interaction of market participants. It leads to a market
equilibrium with a product of high quality. This work develops a new institutional economic
theory through a synthesis with theory of negotiations and application of these concepts to
An analysis of Russian companies’ interaction practices. Further development of this synthesis
may reveal the underestimated role of informal institutions in practical decision-making.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 35; Issue 4

value: large diameter pipes

value: negotiations

value: game theory model

value: industry development

value: informal institutions


dc.contributor.author

value: Valieva, Elena G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Valieva E. G. Modern Position of the Traditional Ngoni Leaders (сross-cultural Research Experience). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2019, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 542–565.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is devoted to analysis of public opinion regarding the activity and position of
traditional leaders of the Ngoni ethnic community using data from sociological surveys of
the Afrobarometer 2005–2015. Apart from the Ngoni respondents as monitoring category,
Chewa, Yao, Nyanja, and Tumbuka people, whose languages are currently spoken by the majority
of the Ngoni, were also integrated into the survey. First and foremost, in all the ethnic
communities under consideration, democratic attitudes of the respondent’s majority are being
revealed, since nepotism and autocracy were condemned. It is necessary to highlight the care
towards the traditional leader’s political neutrality (they have to remain non-party, to receive
salaries from the government and to serve on the local government council, participating in
the elections for this). According to the fact, there is no ethnical specificity in the evaluation
of the activities done by the traditional leaders as well as the elected politicians. The direction
of the leader’s authority is rather limited: resolving local disputes and land distribution
only. The Ngoni traditional leaders have credibility of high level, approval of their authority
and influence that according to respondent’s expectations will increase in future. It is possible
to predict that the borders between elected politicians and the Ngoni traditional leaders will
gradually vanish. Maintaining self-identification of those who identify themselves as Ngoni to
a greater extent than the performance of basic administrative functions by traditional leaders
is facilitated by their activities in organizing cultural festivals and reviving Chingoni language.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(project no. 18-011-00644 “Politogenesis: history of study, current situation and prospects of research”;
supervisor V. A. Popov).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 11; Issue 4

value: Ngoni

value: traditional leader

value: ethnic self-identification

value: public opinion analysis

value: Sub- Saharan Africa

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Antonov, Evgeniy V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Antonov, E. V. (2019). The Dynamics of Employment and Regional Labour Market Situation in Russia in 2010–2017. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 64 (4), 559–574.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines the dynamics of employment (employment level) and key indicators of
regional labour markets in Russia in 2010–2017: sectoral structure (by types of organizations,
including large, medium, small and micro-), unemployment, and labour migration. The aim of the study was to establish the presence or absence of regional specificity (with the allocation
of types) of changes in the key characteristics of labour markets, and to assess the prevailing
trends of the processes. The conclusion is made that the demographic factor had a significant
impact in the increase of employment in most regions. This factor prevails over economic factors
(changes in the number of jobs). Groups of regions were defined based on the causes of
changes in the level of employment. Analysis of the regional sectoral structure of employment
made it possible to assess it for each region of Russia, as well as to point out key trends: the
growth of informal, unreported employment, the reduction of the role of small and mediumsized
businesses, the increase in interregional labour migration as a result of the polarization
of the situation in regional labour markets and the strengthening of national cores in the
labour market (Moscow, St. Petersburg and Tyumen Oblast, with autonomous districts). The
study shows the sector shifts in the regional labour markets as a whole, as well as in the sphere
of small and medium-sized businesses. It is established that the transition to the American-
Asian model continues in the regions. This tendency provides an increase in the share of the
tertiary sector due to the reduction of agricultural and industrial employment, but this process
has significantly slowed compared to the 1990s and 2000s. The dynamics of the indices of
structural differences (Gatev and Ryabtsev indices) show that structural differences between
the regions tend to decrease (convergence of structures).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study of the dynamics of employment and unemployment in the regions of Russia (sections 3.1
and 3.2) was prepared under the state task of IG RAS (topic no. 0148-2019-0008 “Problems and Prospects
of Russia’s Territorial Development in Conditions of Its Unevenness and Global Instability” (NIOKTR
no. AAAA-A19-119022190170-1). The study of the sectoral and branch structure of employment and its
dynamics (sections 3.3 and 3.4) was carried out within the framework of the RAS Presidium Program for
Basic Research.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: labour market

value: employment level

value: regions

value: occupational pattern

value: small scale business

value: labour migration

value: sectoral structure

value: index of structural differences

value: informal employment


title: Учебно-методическое пособие по организации внеаудиторной самостоятельной работы студентов при подготовке докладов, рефератов и презентаций

dc.contributor.author

value: Величко, Елена Александровна

value: Давыдовский, Федор Николаевич

dc.description.abstract

value:
Цель учебно-методического пособия — способствовать формированию навыков исследовательской деятельности студентов при изучении ими дисциплины «Основы интеллектуального труда». В пособии рассматриваются вопросы, связанные преимущественно с организацией самостоятельной работы и развитием исследовательских навыков студентов, а также - требования к содержанию и оформлению некоторых самостоятельных работ в процессе профессионального обучения.
Учебно-методическое пособие отвечает требованиям современных федеральных государственных образовательных стандартов высшего и среднего профессионального образования по направлениям подготовки «Экономика», «Менеджмент», «Физическая культура» (уровень подготовки кадров высшей и средне-профессиональной квалификации).

dc.publisher

value: Литрес: Самиздат

dc.subject

value: Самостоятельная работа студентов

dc.title

value: Book

description: "Основная статья"


dc.contributor.author

value: Koposova, Tatiana A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Koposova T. A. The first translations of S. Gessner’s works into the Russian language. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 713–725.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper discusses the early translations of works by S. Gessner into Russian. In 1772, the
Vechera magazine published translations of five idylls from the homonymous collection by
Gessner (1756). A number of conclusions important for understanding how Gessner’s works
are perceived in Russia were made from having studied these texts. Firstly, the emergence of
Russian translators’ interest in the works by Gessner was apparently due to the literary reputation
of the Swiss author created in the 60s and early 70s in France. Secondly, we managed to
find the probable source of translations published in the Vechera magazine. In our opinion,
it is a book “Idylles et poemes champêtres” containing M. Hubert’s French translations published
in 1762. In addition, it is significant that Gessner’s translations coexisted in Vechera
with numerous other examples of the pastoral genre. In order to understand the difference of
Gessner’s idylls from other pastoral works for Russian readers, they were analyzed in terms of
composition, subject matter, role of landscape, and presence of moral component. The analysis
allowed us to conclude that even the first translations of the idylls could provide the readers
with an understanding of Gessner’s works originality. Despite the fact that only five small
works were published in Vechera, the readers of the magazine could get an idea of novelty
introduced by Gessner to the development of the idyll genre even from these texts.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Gessner

value: translations

value: idyll

value: Vechera

value: Russian-European literary connections

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kimura, Takashi

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kimura Takashi. Premodern Ideas “kokutai” as Essential Elements of Modernization in Japanese Historical Process. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2019, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 463–479.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Modernization in historically later developed countries is an amalgamated process, where
all its elements must be analyzed both as a whole picture and as variety of its components.
Early Japanese Marxists thinkers, scrutinizing political systems that emerged after the Meiji
revolution, found traces of so-called “feudal remnants” in the public consciousness of people.
These “remnants” still make modern researchers to question the role of the elements
in Japanese modernization. Modernized state should be not only sovereign, but also be
a nation state “kokumin kokka”, therefore it is worthwhile to look upon the prehistory of
the creation of the first Japanese constitution “Dainipponn teikoku kenpoo” (1889), which
reflected the national ideas “kokutai”. It is also necessary to analyze a number of socio-political
reasons that entailed the issuance of an imperial decree addressed to the soldiers “gunjin
chokuyu” (1882) and the imperial speech on public education “kyouiku chokugo” (1890).
These documents along with the constitution contained the ideas of “kokutai”, which represented
the element of the feudal world. Under the right conditions, a nation is born and
develops on its own, but when the historical prerequisites and conditions do not form, it is
necessary to create them artificially. At the end of the 19th century Japan faced the similar
situation. In 1925, the Chian iji-ho Law of Public Peace Preservation was published, in its
first article the word kokutai could be found, however it does not contain a definition of this
term. In 1932 and in 1936, military putsches occurred, it should be noted that participants
of these accidents were ardent supporters of the “kokutai” ideas. On August 14, 1945, the
Japanese government conveyed the intention to adopt the Potsdam Declaration under one
condition, namely the preservation of the “kokutai”, thereby they extended the existence of
the kokutai ideas until the surrender of Japanese empire.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 11; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: kokutai ideas

value: modernization in Japan

value: nation-state

value: inner politics

value: constitution


dc.contributor.author

value: Shumafov, Magomet M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shumafov M.M. Stabilization of linear control systems. Pole assignment problem. A survey. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 564–591.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper reviews the problems of stabilization and pole assignment in the control of linear
time-invariant systems by static state and output feedback. The main results on this topics
are presented along with a literature review. Stationary and nonstationary stabilization by
static feedback are considered. Algorithms of low- and high-frequency stabilization of linear
systems for solving of the Brockett’s stabilization problem are delivered. Effective necessary
and sufficient conditions for stabilization of two- and three-dimensional controllable linear
systems in terms of the system parameters are given. The pole assignment problem and
related questions for linear systems are considered.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 6 (64); Issue 4

dc.subject

value: linear system

value: asymptotic stability

value: stabilization

value: pole assignment

value: static output feedback

value: Brockett’s problem


dc.contributor.author

value: Schneider, Baruch

dc.identifier.citation

value: Schneider B. Higher order Dirichlet type problems for the two-dimensional Helmholtz operator in complex quaternionic analysis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 646–658.

dc.description.abstract

value:
It is well known that the development of methods for solving Dirichlet problems is important
and relevant for various areas of mathematical physics related to the Laplace equation,
the Helmholtz equation, the Stokes equation, the Maxwell equation, the Dirac equation,
and others. In the previous work, the author studied the solvability of Dirichlet problem of
the first order and the second order in the quaternion analysis. In the present paper studies
the Dirichlet boundary value problem of high order, associated with the two-dimensional
Helmholtz equation with complex potential. In this paper, the existence and uniqueness
and a representation formula for the solution of Dirichlet boundary value problems in the
two-dimensional case are proved. Most of Dirichlet boundary value problems are focused to
the 3D case. Note that the case is not a simple consequence of the three-dimensional case.
For solving the problem, we use the method of orthogonal decomposition of the quaternion
Sobolev space. This orthogonal decomposition of space is also the basis for the study of
many elliptic boundary value problems that are in various areas of mathematics and mathematical
physics. Orthogonal decompositions of the quaternionic-valued Sobolev space with
respect to the Dirac operator of high order as well as the corresponding orthoprojections
onto the subspaces of theses decompositions are obtained.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article was prepared with the financial support of the Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic, project "Numbers, geometry and physics".

dc.subject

value: quaternion analysis

value: Helmholtz operator

value: boundary problems of Dirichlet type

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ananjevskii, Sergey M.

value: Kryukov, Nikolay A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ananjevskii S.M., Kryukov N.A. Asymptotic normality in the problem of selfish parking. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 592–607.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the present work we continue to study one of the models of a discrete analogue of the
Renyi problem, known as the “parking problem”. Let n, i be integers satisfying n   0 and
0   i   n−1. We place an open interval (i, i+1) in the segment [0, n] with i being a random
variable taking values 0, 1, 2, . . . , n−1 with equal probability for all n   2. If n < 2 we say
that the interval does not fit. After placing the first interval two free segments [0, i] and
[i + 1, n] are formed and independently filled with the intervals of unit length according to
the same rule, etc. At the end of the filling process the distance between any two adjacent
unit intervals is at most 1. Let Xn denote the number of the unit intervals placed. In
the previous work of the authors, published in 2018, the asymptotic behavior of the first
moments of the random variable Xn was studied. In contrast to the classical case, the exact
expressions were obtained for the expectation, variance, and third central moments. In this
paper the asymptotic behavior of all central moments of the random variable Xn is studied
and the asymptotic normality is proved for Xn.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project No. 18-01-00393.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: random filling

value: discrete “parking” problem

value: asymptotic behavior of moments

value: asymptotic normality


dc.identifier.citation

value: In memoriam of Gennadii Alekseevich Leonov. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 531–533.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 6 (64); Issue 4


dc.contributor.author

value: Yushkov, Mikhail P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yushkov M.P. Statement and solution of a generalized Chebyshev problem. I. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 680–701.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper gives a review of the research performed at the department of theoretical and
applied mechanics for many years and devoted to solving the generalized Chebyshev problems.
By a generalized Chebyshev problem is meant the problem in which the solution of
a system of motion equations should simultaneously satisfy an additional system of highorder
n ≥ 3 differential equations. Therefore, a new class of control problems is introduced positions can be named as an example of such devices. For solving a generalized Chebyshev
problem it is offered to apply two theories of motion of nonholonomic systems with
high-order constraints developed at the department of theoretical and applied mechanics of
Saint Petersburg State University. In this case an additional system of differential equations
is considered as a set of high-order programming constraints, the reaction forces of which
prove to be the required control forces solving a generalized Chebyshev problem. The first
theory is based on constructing a compatible system of differential equations with respect
to the unknown generalized coordinates and Lagrange multipliers, the second one uses a
generalized Gauss principle. Application of the theories is demonstrated by solving the
problem on motion of the Earth satellite (a spacecraft) with a fixed value of acceleration.
In the next paper with the same title the second theory will be applied for solving one of
the most important problems of the control theory, the problem considering a mechanical
system being transferred from one phase state to another in a given time.
into consideration. A generalized Chebyshev problem is considered as an extension of the
Chebyshev problem from the theory of synthesis of mechanisms in which it is required to
construct a device the certain links of which should perform a required motion to some accuracy.
The well-known Chebyshev mechanisms with stoppings of certain links at the given positions can be named as an example of such devices. For solving a generalized Chebyshev
problem it is offered to apply two theories of motion of nonholonomic systems with
high-order constraints developed at the department of theoretical and applied mechanics of
Saint Petersburg State University. In this case an additional system of differential equations
is considered as a set of high-order programming constraints, the reaction forces of which
prove to be the required control forces solving a generalized Chebyshev problem. The first
theory is based on constructing a compatible system of differential equations with respect
to the unknown generalized coordinates and Lagrange multipliers, the second one uses a
generalized Gauss principle. Application of the theories is demonstrated by solving the
problem on motion of the Earth satellite (a spacecraft) with a fixed value of acceleration.
In the next paper with the same title the second theory will be applied for solving one of
the most important problems of the control theory, the problem considering a mechanical
system being transferred from one phase state to another in a given time.

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 6 (64); Issue 4

dc.subject

value: nonholonomic mechanics

value: high-order constraints

value: Pontryagin maximum principle

value: generalized Gauss principle

value: control

value: suppression of oscillation

value: generalized boundary problem


dc.contributor.author

value: Kustova, E. V.

value: Nagnibeda, E. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: On the 90th anniversary of the department of hydroaeromechanics of SPbSU. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 702–706.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.type

value: Article


title: Style as a mediabrand attribute

dc.contributor.author

value: Vasilchenko, Maria A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasilchenko M. A. Style as a mediabrand attribute. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2019, 16 (4): 557–575.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the possibility of using the main categories and concepts of stylistics in
order to construct a media brand personality and maintain its overall style concept, considering
the case of Forbes USA magazine (issues from January 2017 to December 2018). The
hypothesis is that a style unites all brand components and therefore can be recognized in all
of its manifestations. An attribute called “brand personality” draws the most interest, as the
congruence between it and the consumer’s ideal “I” stimulates the consumption of branded
goods and services. The goal of the present study was to determine whether the Forbes brand
personality is presented in the media texts of this magazine. To test the hypothesis, empirical
material was collected (the main materials published in the section “On the cover”) and
stylistic analysis was conducted. Particularly, we considered the topic, genre, composition and
structure, and linguistic features. The results indicate that the image of the hero embodying
the brand ideals is expressed in media texts. This is achieved by building a basic Forbes narrative,
arranging accents, and interpreting the real facts of entrepreneurs’ biographies. Narrativity,
as well as the expression of ethnically specific American linguistic-cultural concepts
“challenge” and “privacy” is the basis for creating a heroic image and connecting it with the
American dream myth. It enables readers themselves to relate to the heroes, which empowers
customer-brand communication. The data obtained offers a new perspective on media brand
analysis and can be useful for media linguists and marketers.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: brand

value: style

value: media brand

value: brand personality

value: brand attributes

dc.title

value: Style as a mediabrand attribute


dc.contributor.author

value: Zavjalova, Olga Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zavjalova O. Yu. Genres of the Oral Tradition of the Manden Peoples (West Africa). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2019, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 529–541.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is devoted to the problem of the Manden oral literature genres’ classification. The
first thing that we believe to be important in studying the cultural and psychological characteristics
of any people and its folklore it is the task to put ourselves in the position of these
people. We have to understand what they themselves conclude to be this or that institution or
instrument, what they mean to be a particular concept. The main task is to examine the own
definition of oral tradition genres by Manden peoples themselves; identifying what underlies
the division of texts into genres. In this study, we relied on both oral and written sources; we
examined the genres of Bamana, Maninka and Dyula peoples, inhabiting Mali, Guinea and
Cote d’Ivoire. The division into genres accepted in modern science is too universal and it does
not correspond to African cultures. First of all, the Manden peoples classify genres according
to their degree of importance, i. e. significance for the tradition, which is associated with the
functionality and genre’s ceremonialism. At the same time, it is the texts including a large
amount of magical energy Nyama. As for Bamana and Maninka, where there is an institute of
griots, the most significant texts are those that can only be performed by griots (epic, fasa), the
age and status restrictions for the performer are an indicator of the text significance also. The
most important texts are those that tell us about the origin of a clan, village, person, object,
etc., and those that contain words with nyama magic energy. The article describes the words
characterizing the genres of folklore in Bamana and Maninka languages, as well as Dyula
Kong, and the specifics of their using. For a better understanding of the Manding terms, the
article also presents the names of Dogon folklore genres in the Tengu and Bamana languages.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 11; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: oral tradition

value: genres

value: manden


dc.contributor.author

value: Makeeva, Nadezhda V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Makeeva N. V. Prospective Construction in Kla-Dan from a Diachronic Perspective. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2019, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 447–462.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Since the beginning of the period of reforms and openness, which began in the 1980s, intensified
the process of the natural evolution of oral and written Chinese language. Active international
contacts inevitably led to changes in the Chinese language itself, it started to appear
neologisms and foreign borrowings. One of these linguistic phenomena are the lettered words,
which history in China has been recited for more than 100 years. Their number is constantly
growing, analyzing the “Dictionary of Modern Chinese Language” (现代汉语词典), it is possible
to admit the following dynamics: 1996 — 39 words, 2002 — 142 words, 2005 — 182 words,
2012 — 239 words and so on. Investigating the historiography of the issue, the authors of the
article concluded that mainly Chinese researchers, for example, Liu Yongquan, Shen Mengyin,
Li Xiaohua, Yu Fulin, Dong Min, Zou Yuhua, Zhang Yichun and others, were engaged in the
research of the lettered words. This topic became popular in China at the beginning 2000s.
Existing studies of Western and Russian scientists are mostly descriptive in nature and do not
analyze the causes of the appearance and formation of lettered words. This article is devoted
to the evolution of the definition of lettered words, the reasons for appearance and analysis
of the characteristics of their use by native speakers in oral and written communication. The
authors conducted a survey in Chinese in electronic form for native Chinese speakers living
both in the territory of the PRC and abroad, dedicated to lettered words and their use. The
survey results showed an interesting fact: 30,4 % of respondents deny the use of lettered words
in oral speech, but when choosing between a lettered word and the Chinese equivalent, the
number of those who chose the Chinese equivalent was less than 30 %. The survey data helped
to find out the main motives for the use of alphabetic words by modern Chinese speakers: saving
time, desire to give their speech a more professional tone, foreign language practice, the
lack of a suitable equivalent in Chinese, a desire to follow fashion trends, the use of alphabetic
words as euphemisms.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 117-78-20071.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Mande languages

value: Dan

value: verbal constructions

value: future tense

value: predictive

value: prospective

value: progressive

value: comparative analysis

value: reconstruction

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Anokhin, Anatoly A.

value: Fedorov, Gennady M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Anokhin, A. A., Fedorov, G. M. (2019). Regions as International Development Corridors in the Western Borderland of Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 64 (4), 545–558.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The well-known theoretical typology of regions by J. Friedmann, which distinguished core
regions, upward-transition regions, development corridors, resource-frontier regions and
downward-transition regions, can be supplemented by the “international development corridor”
type. Regions of this type are formed either at land borders or in coastal regions
(including those having access to the land border). They provide transport communications
of the home country with foreign countries. At the same time, production clusters arise
based on the processing of transit cargo, and innovations are introduced, generated both
domestically and abroad. Regions serving as international development corridors arise, in
particular, along the western border of Russia. The statistical analysis carried out in the article
makes it possible to state that most are formed in coastal regions such as St. Petersburg,
Leningrad and Kaliningrad Oblasts. In 2016, the foreign trade turnover per capita in Leningrad
Oblast was 1.3 times higher than the average in regions of the Russian Federation; in
St. Petersburg, as well as Kaliningrad Oblast — 2.2 times higher. The share of manufacturing
industries (most of which use imported raw materials and semi-finished products, as well
as customized goods sent for export) in the structure of gross added value is also significantly
higher than the national average. The volume of added value per capita generated
in manufacturing industries is higher as well. There are preconditions for the formation of
international development corridors in Krasnodar Krai and Rostov Oblast, and partly in
Smolensk Oblast.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article was prepared with the support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project
No. 18-17-00112 “Ensuring the Economic Security of the Russian Western Frontier Regions in the
Conditions of Geopolitical Turbulence”).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Western border

value: Russia

value: typology of regions

value: border regions

value: coastal regions

value: corridors of development


dc.contributor.author

value: Azhimov, Felix E.

value: Kononchuk, Dmitry V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Azhimov F. E., Kononchuk D. V. On origins of Chinese metaphysics: Terminological clarifications. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2019, vol. 35, issue 4, pp. 544–550.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Researchers cannot ignore metaphysics, as an attribute and integral characteristic of European
philosophy, as well as an indispensable part of any other philosophical tradition. The term
‘metaphysics,’ due to its undoubtable importance, could not avoid subsequent interpretations
in non-European philosophical traditions. Moreover, these interpretations are of great interest
due to their ability to highlight the philosophical specificity of the traditions that have produced
them. The article deals with the initial philosophical meaning of the phrase from ‘Xi Ci
Zhuan,’ commentary to ‘The Book of Changes,’ which became a prototype for the concept of 形而上學 (Chinese xin er shang xue, Japanese kei ji jo gaku). This concept was invented by the
Japanese philosopher Inoue Tetsujiro on the basis of a phrase from ‘Xi Ci Zhuan’ to translate
the term ‘metaphysics’ into Eastern languages (first into Japanese, then into Chinese). This
article discusses the hieroglyphic etymology and semantic fields of the Chinese philosophical
terms dao (道), xing (形) and qi (器) that constitute this phrase. The authors indicate three
main points of view on the interpretation of the phrase from ‘Xi Ci Zhuan’ — eidetic, technomorphist,
and empiric. Based on the assumption of the greater relevance of the empirical
point of view, they reconstruct the meaning of this phrase that defines the semantics of the
terms dao (道), xing (形) and qi (器) used in it.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,
project No. 18-011-01094.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 35; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Chinese Philosophy

value: Metaphysics

value: The Book of Changes

value: Xi Ci Zhuan

value: Dao

value: Etymology of Chinese Characters


dc.contributor.author

value: Bogdanova (Pagoda), Ianina

value: Pautov, Anatoly

value: Zelenskaya, Marina

value: Krylova, Elena

value: Vlasov, Dmitry

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bogdanova, I., Pautov, A., Zelenskaya, M., Krylova, E., and Vlasov, D. 2019. Seasonal changes in the phylloplane of genus Gnetum (Gnetaceae) representatives in greenhouse conditions. Bio. Comm. 64(4): 260–269.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The leaf surface, or phylloplane, is inhabited by various microorganisms. Micromycetes
are typical organisms of the phylloplane that are able to exert negative
effects on plants. Seventeen species of micromycetes were indicated in the
phylloplanes of G. gnemon and G. montanum. Micromycetes form biofilms on
the surface of the upper epidermis. In the lower epidermis, they mainly colonize
cork warts and destroy their cells. Collapsing cells and the micromycetes
are isolated from the living tissues of leaves by layers of densely arranged cells.
During changes from season to season, the number of disappearing micromycete
species in the upper epidermis is approximately equal to the number of
appearing new species. The total number of micromycete species in the phylloplane
of the lower epidermis is reduced in winter. Structural organization,
biodiversity, seasonal changes in the phylloplane and the influence of its micromycetes
on leaf cells differ in the upper and lower epidermis of Gnetum leaves.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was
funded by RFBR according to Research
Project № 18‑34-00912. The work was
partially carried out on the theme
AAAA-A19-119020890079-6 “Biodiversity,
ecology and structural and functional
features of fungi and mushroom-like
protists”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Communications;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: phylloplane

value: micromycetes

value: Gnetum

value: epidermis

value: cork warts

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gerasimov, Igor V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gerasimov I. V. First International Conference “History and culture of Sudan: Modern and Contemporary Times”, SPbSU, March 5–6 2019. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2019, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 606–611.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 11; Issue 4


dc.contributor.author

value: Gritsenko, Elena V.

value: Heintzen, Markus

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gritsenko, Elena V., Heintzen, Markus. 2019. “Access to judicial protection in Russia and Germany”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 733–755.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The grounds for and conditions of access to judicial protection in citizens’ disputes with the
state continue to be the subject of heated debates in many countries, including those who great
experience in regulating disputes. In Germany, the admissibility of an administrative claim is
traditionally associated with the “protective norm” (Schutznorm) and a person’s own interest
in protecting his violated subjective public right directly by the action or inaction of public
authority. Such a rigid approach creates obstacles for the judicial protection of supra-individual
interests and collective rights. In this regard, the German doctrine of protective norms and
subjective public rights is facing new challenges. There are two perceived ways to resolve the
problem — either recognize the subjective legal nature of collective rights and interests, or
expand the object of judicial protection to include violated general rights and interests of a
certain or indefinite circle of persons. With the new Administrative Court Procedure Code
coming into effect, Russia felt the need to define rights, freedoms and legal interests as an
object of judicial protection in disputes between citizens and the state, as well as to define acts and actions of public authority as an object of appeal. Studying the German theory and
practice of access to courts in disputes with the state can enrich the Russian legal system. In
turn, the Russian experience of social support for access to justice, as well as the introduction
of e-justice, can be useful in Germany. The article offers a presentation of the main ideas and
results of the fifth joint Russian-German conference. It was organized by the law departments
of the Free University of Berlin and St. Petersburg State University with the support of the
German Research Society (DFG) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared within the framework of scientific Project No. 16-03-00465-OGN “Access
to judicial protection of the subjective public rights: limits, social benefits and perspectives of development
in the era of e-justice” supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (RFBR).

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law;Volume 10; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: access to justice

value: subjective public rights

value: constitutional jurisdiction

value: administrative jurisdiction

value: collective legal remedies

value: legal aid

value: e-justice