dc.contributor.author

value: Dvornichenko, Andrey Yu.

value: Shtykov, Nikolaj V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dvornichenko A. Yu., Shtykov N. V. An outstanding representative of St. Petersburg historical school Yuriy Georgievich Alekseev. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 878–896.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the scholarly creativity of the professor of St. Petersburg State University Yury
Georgievich Alekseev (1926–2017). Being the apprentice of the well-known Soviet historian I. I. Smirnov,
Alekseev became one of the brightest representatives of the St. Petersburg (Leningrad) School of
historians — a famous scholar, remarkable lecturer and promoter of historical science. Among his
scientific interests one can find the problems of the social, economic and political history of ancient
and medieval Russia, the history of Russian legislation, agrarian history, military history, the history
of the Navy. The article analyses the work of Yu. G. Alekseev in the connection with the development
of the domestic historical science of the 20th and the beginning of the 21 centuries. Alekseev devoted
his books and articles to the agrarian history of Russia, the era of Ivan III and monuments of Russian
medieval legislation. In recent years he paid particular attention to the problems of Russia’s military
history. All his monographs are closely linked with one another, and all together dedicated to the formation
and development of the Russian State. The authors of the article attentively analyze the works
of Yu. G. Alekseev, paying close attention to his thorough and subtle work with sources and in-depth
knowledge of historiography. The authors compare Alekseev’s views on the evolution of the socio-economic
relations in medieval Russia with I. Ya. Froyanov’s conception of community conception and simultaneously
show the connection of these views with the legacy of N. P. Pavlov-Silvansky. Along with other
historians of the peasantry, among whom are N. E. Nosov, A. I. Kopanev, I. Ya. Froyanov, A. L. Shapiro,
and D. I. Raskin, Alekseev created new theory of the development of Russian peasantry and community
during 15th and 16th centuries. A main theoretical conclusion of Alekseev is his conceptualization of
the medieval Russian state as so called zemsko-sluzhiloie (land-service) State. This theory is a valuable
contribution to scholarship. Also of value are his works on the history of national legislation. One can
say that his works about the Pskov Judicial Act, Laws of Ivan III, statutory diplomas, his book devoted
to the shaping of the Russian administration are the ‘gold standard of national historical scholar’. His
contribution to the study of Russia’s medieval military history is multifarious. Alekseev studied the
campaigns of Russian troops under the rule of Ivan III and could reveal the large-scale reforms of the
Organization of the Office of the military business in Russia of the 15th and 16th centuries, particularly,
a qualitatively new level of command of the troops. The military victories of Ivan III, the liberation of
Russia from the horde’s dependency and the creation of a single State — all these achievements were
the result of the above-mentioned great reforms. Refs 62.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 62; Issue 4

value: Yu. G. Alekseev

value: historiography

value: medieval Rus

value: military history

value: management apparatus


dc.contributor.author

value: Sazhin, Boris B.

value: Kuznetsova, Natal’ya Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sazhin B. B., Kuznetsova N. Yu. Persecution of the Ambur skete in the letters of Alexander Stepanovitch Prugavin. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 807–816.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This work elucidates the little studied history of the persecution of the Ambur skete of Philippian
Old Believers in 1879–1880. The article is based on the archive materials of the Russian State Archive
of Literature and Arts and the State Archive of Archangelsk Region. This the first time that the authors
have introduced the letters of the Old Believer A. I. Permyakov to the populist (narodnik) and researcher
of Russian religious life, A. S. Prugavin. The letters reveal previously unknown details of the relations
between the officials and the inhabitants of the Ambur skete at the time under consideration: the denunciation
of a local priest to the Archangelsk police department; the resolution of the local authorities
to destroy the skete cells; petitions of Permyakov and Prugavin to the governor of Archangelsk and petitions
of the skete-dwellers to the governor’s office and the minister of Internal Affairs on the unlawful
persecutions of the skete; the sad outcome of the сonfrontation of the skete-dwellers and officials. The
research elucidates the history of the Ambur skete, historiography of the subject and analyzes the official
policy toward the Old Believers in the second half of the 19 thcentury. On the basis of Permyakov’s letters,
the history of persecution of the skete-dwellers in 1879–1880 is given a detailed description along with
the part Permyakov and Prugavin played in these events. They both were openly sympathetic to the Old
Believers and tried to help them in every possible way. In particular, Prugavin published notes on the
persecution of the Ambur skete in different periodicals while Permyakov patronized the community.
The authors conclude that the repressive measures implemented against the Ambur skete-dwellers by the
officials of the Arkhangelsk region reflected both the general repressive policy of the Russian government
towards Old Believers and the vagueness of legislation on the issue of this religious group whose secrecy
offered broad scope for the official injustice towards them in the province. Refs 17.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research has been completed under the financial support of the Russian Ministry of Education
and Science as a part of a state project assignment for research work, № 33.1162.2014/К.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Ambur skete

value: Old Belief

value: Russian North

value: A. S. Prugavin

value: A. I. Permyakov

value: Russian populism

value: persecution of Old Believers

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Kulikov, Sergey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kulikov S. V. The February revolution a hundred years later (continued). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 736–750.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the problem of correlation between factors of organization and spontaneity before
and during the February revolution of 1917. Unlike the predecessors, the author believes it methodologically
incorrect to oppose these factors to each other, as in any revolution they are present at the same
time. The reason for interpretations of the February revolution as a purely accidental event, according
to the author, is due to the artificial breeding of the concepts of “conspiracy”, “coup” and “revolution”,
which in reality are the stages of mainstreaming a holistic phenomenon. February 1917 was the result of
the activities of the Central Military-Industrial Committee and its Working group and was a conspiracy,
coup and revolution, presenting a mixture of organization and spontaneity. Refs 55.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 62; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Central Military-Industrial Committee

value: a Working group

value: conspiracy

value: coup

value: revolution

value: organization, spontaneity


dc.contributor.author

value: Szvák, Gyula

dc.identifier.citation

value: Szvák G. The experience of creating a new concept of state in Russian history. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 897–909.

dc.description.abstract

value:
It would be too early to try and summarize the way in which the issue of Russia’s “state historical and
remembrance policy” has evolved, or its possible outcomes, as the unified set of schoolbooks has not
yet been produced. The result of competitions in mass media as presented in this essay however clearly demonstrate the national, social climate and its trends, which would have to be moulded into some
form of an “all-Russian socium” by such a new approach to history. The author of this article analyzes
not only the polemic around textbooks, but also the competition “The Name is Russia”: “a strange
competition among Russian historical figures”. Some intentions to find the symbols of Russia also are
a subject of interest in this article. An important conclusion is that the State interfered in these discussions,
but avoided some power decisions. As contemporaries we might curiously await the next round
of the “identity battle”, but as historians we must give voice to scepticism in regard to hopes of any form
of quick success. Yet most of all, we have to take a stance from the deep conviction that only a pluralistic
approach to history based on free research and the freedom to present freely conceived alternatives
can help in the crystallization of a realistic national self-image. The author concludes his article with
mention of an alarming signal in the erection of a monument to Ivan the Terrible in Russian town Orel
last year. This “hero” had not found his place on the famous monument of Russian’s Millennium which
was erected in Great Novgorod in 1862. And now he appears in Russian cities… Refs 11.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Russia

value: history

value: historical memory

value: identity


dc.contributor.author

value: Wagner, William

value: Barnitt, Kathryn

dc.identifier.citation

value: Wagner W. G., Barnitt K. A quantitative study of the transformation of female orthodox monasticism in imperial Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 751–776.

dc.description.abstract

value:
During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, female Orthodox monasticism in Russia was
strikingly transformed. Not only did female communities grow rapidly in number and membership,
but their demographic characteristics, geographic location, predominant organizational structure, social
role, and, often, relative wealth also changed dramatically. New entrants were younger, far fewer had been
married, their social background altered markedly, literacy levels rose substantially, communities became
predominantly rural rather than urban, most were organized communally rather than idiorrhythmically,
a higher percentage possessed substantial wealth, and most now provided a range of social services. But
because of the nature of available sources, much of the dynamic of this transformation remains opaque.
In particular, few members of women’s monastic communities have left written sources that could provide
insight into their motives, religious sensibilities, self-understandings, and experiences. Using the
Nizhnii Novgorod Convent of the Exaltation of the Cross as an example, this article demonstrates how a
quantitative analysis of the membership reports submitted annually by Orthodox monastic communities
to local diocesan authorities and to the Holy Synod after the early nineteenth century can be used to
compensate for the limited availability of qualitative sources. Such an analysis reveals how the interaction
between the internal reorganization of the convent on a communal basis and developments in its external
environment transformed the convent from a small community of limited means composed mainly of
older, predominantly widowed and largely illiterate women into a large and wealthy community that appealed
overwhelmingly to young, unmarried, and disproportionately literate women, increasingly from
the unprivileged urban and especially rural strata of society. Refs 55. Tables 11. Figs 2.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Russian Orthodox Church

value: Orthodox monasticism

value: Orthodox convents

value: female monasticism

value: monastic revival

value: Imperial Russia

value: Nizhnii Novgorod

value: quantitative analysis

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Akishin, Mikhail O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Akishin M. O. An American historian on the legal culture of Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 910–919.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the monograph of N. Kollmann, “Crime and punishment in Russia of early modern time” (2016)
is a sociological study of the judicial practice in cases of “thieves and wicked people” of the 17th and
beginning of the 18th centuries. Sociology of law is the dominant type of law in Anglo-Saxon legal
family but to the Romano-Germanic legal family, which includes Russia, the dominant is the normativity
type of law. This cultural barrier has not been overcome by N. Kollmann, which resulted in
annoying errors, despite the undoubted merits of her research. Among the weaker points is, at first,
to highlight the lack of definition of those offences which it considers to be criminal offences. The
modern legal construction of criminal law only appears in the Enlightenment. Second, N. Kollmann
does not understand that the acts of lawmaking by princes and the king do not match the characteristics
of a modern regulatory act, the modern concept of law and the rule of law appear in Russia in
the epoch of Peter the Great. Third, the characteristics of adversarial and investigative process forms
are not generally recognized in the theoretical approaches to the science of procedural law. However, a
study in N. Kollmann, has undoubted advantages. She described relations between the authorities and
society in counteracting “thieves and desperate people”. Its merit is the criticism of E. Anisimov’s absurd
hypothesis of the arbitrariness of supposedly typical for Russia. On The Contrary, N. Kollmann,
comes to reasonable conclusions about how law and law enforcement in Russia corresponded to the
level of Europe, possessed the property of legal certainty: “the judge followed the prescribed judicial
procedures, and punishments; the practice of criminal law has been a constant and consistent”. Refs 22.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 62; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Russia in early modern times

value: “thieves and evil people”

value: the investigative process

value: punishment


dc.contributor.author

value: Adamova, Nina E.

value: Shershneva, Svetlana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Adamova N. E., Shershneva S. V. Discourse of early migration to the Massachusetts bay colony. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 839–854.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The migration to the Massachusetts Bay Colony had crucial consequences for the seventeenth
century England and her colonies. It provided momentum for the Great Migration on the eve of the
English Civil Wars of the 1640s, it preconditioned the advance of theocracy and local exceptionalism in
Massachusetts, and finally, it fostered the development of ‘New England Puritanism’, which influenced
the both sides of Atlantic. However, these impressive outcomes could not be known at the very start of
emigration to Massachusetts in 1628–1631. Did English men and women ever notice this migration?
Was it seen as something exceptional? Did it have any impact on domestic issues in England? Relying
on promotional literature, sermons, and correspondence, this paper places migration to Massachusetts
within transatlantic context of the early Stuart period and explores the views of its participants and
observers. It argues that migration to Massachusetts between 1628 and 1631 was never regarded as
an exceptional opportunity. Although mobility was not uncommon for English society, its discourse
generally favoured other destinations such as Ireland, the Netherlands or the West Indies. Even the
‘godly’ regarded Massachusetts as just one of the suitable settlements and stressed its unexceptional
nature. However, the paper outlines two crucial impacts, the discourse of early Massachusetts
migration did have on the English society. First, it improved public perception of potential emigrants
by upgrading their image from the ‘idle drones’ of John Smith to the respectful ‘godly’. Secondly, it
introduced contemporary religious controversy into the discussions of migration to America, thus
setting the discourse of Reformation in transatlantic perspective. Refs 50.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared within the grant of the President of Russian Federation to support young
Russian scholars, MK-3624.2017.6 (“Theory and practice of revolution in the context of the development of
parliamentary monarchy in Great Britain in XVII–XIXth centuriesˮ).

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: New England

value: Great migration

value: Atlantic world

value: early modern England

value: exceptionalism

value: colonisation

value: puritans

value: godly

value: John Winthrop

value: Smith

value: English Reformation

value: America


title: Prince Andrew

dc.contributor.author

value: Gyóni, Gábor

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gyóni Gábor. Prince Andrew. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 817–825.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The author of this article first analyzes the material of some Old Russian Chronicles to find the first
mention of Tatars in Russia. He corrects the usual attitude in this field and claims that this mention
can be located much earlier. This material is also important for the reconstruction of King’s Andrew
biography which is the main purpose of the author’s investigation. Medieval Hungary by the 11th century
had intensive relations with Rus’, especially Southern Rus’, where Hungarian political interests
arose relatively early. A kind of “peak” of Hungarian aspirations in the South Rus’ is in the early 13th
century, when Hungarian kings had already declared themselves titular monarchs of Galich and Vladimir.
About increasing “national” and religious ambitions in a broad sense, about the ambitious Eastern
policy of Hungary, one can know from the expedition that was sent after 1230 to the East in search
of the Eastern Hungarians. One of the most colorful characters in the 1220–1230s, who personified
the Eastern policy of Hungary, was Prince Andrew, the son of Hungarian king Andrew II. The article
discusses his life according the famous Hungarian and old Russian sources and explains the general
historical background of this time. The work of this historical character is known primarily from the
Galician-Volhynian chronicle, in Hungary only fragmentary data survived about him, which is due
not only to a possible loss of the documents, but presumably to a kind of ‘deliberate forgetfulness’.
Refs 25.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 62; Issue 4

value: Hungary

value: Dominican order

value: Andrew II

value: Prince Andrew

value: Kalka

value: Mstislac Mstislavic Udatnoy

value: Daniil Romanovic

value: Galic

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Baryshnikov, Vladimir N.

value: Borisenko, Victor N.

value: Stetckevich, Mikhail S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Baryshnikov V. N., Borisenko V. N., Stetckevich M. S. The Oxford movement and the English reformation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 826– 838.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the attitude of the leading figures of the initial stage (1833–1845) of the Oxford
(Tractarian) movement — J. H. Newman, J. Keble, R. H. Froude, E. B. Pusey, W. Ward, F. Oakeley towards
English Reformation, and the estimation of their opinion by religious and secular circles of English society.
The article demonstrates that tractarians have departed to a great extent from tradition of benevolent
assessment of the Reformation that prevailed in the Church of England. It was the logical result of their
aspirations to present the Church of England not as the Protestant Church, but as a branch of Ancient
undivided Catholic Church. The controversy that started after the publication of R. H. Froude’s “Remains”
(1838–1839), the first tractarian treatise in which a negative assessment of the Reformation was made
clear, and of J. H. Newman’s “Tract 90” demonstrated that the position of members of the Oxford movement
had no support in the Church of England as well as in the society. Rejection of the heritage of the
English Reformation was perceived as a rejection of Anglican identity. After the “apostasy” of Newman,
Ward and Oakeley in 1845, those tractarians, who stayed in the Church of England and their descendants,
Anglo-Catholics, significantly reduced the degree of their rejection of English Reformation, or preferred
not to pronounce their opinion about the subject. At last by the end of the 19th century the compulsory
characterization of the Church of England as “Protestant” had gradually faded making way for a more
critical look at the Reformation. In the Anglican theology of the 20th century the view, according to which
the Church of England is both “Catholic” and “Reformed”, became predominant. Refs 53.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: the Oxford movement

value: the Reformation

value: English Reformation

value: history of England

value: tractarians

value: J. H. Newman

value: The Church Of England


dc.contributor.author

value: Petriashin, Stanislav S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petriashin S. S. Rural diurnal timing practices based on stars observation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 865–877.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the study of Russian ethnoastronomy, especially knowledge of the constellations
(Ursa Major, Orion’s Belt, Pleiades) that were used for time-orientation during the night.
The study’s main sources are materials from the card catalogue of the Dictionary of Russian folk dialects
and the Astronomical card catalogue of Ural Federal University that represent ethnoastronomical
knowledge from the 1960s to the 1980s. In informants’ speech we can distinguish one group of texts,
which are termed ‘orientational rules’. These texts tend to be formulaic, aphoristic, and describe the
position of heavenly bodies, corresponding moments of time and action. Every rule orients one properly
only during a special seasonal period, but this fact has not ever been explicitly expressed in the
texts. Astronomical reconstruction of seasonal limitations of 68 texts (38 for Ursa Major, 8 for Pleiades,
22 for Orion’s Belt) was made through digital planetarium software. Analysis showed that time-reckoning
based on star observation was practiced not so much in winter, as in autumn (from August till
December) and spring. The reconstructed functional time period of these practices corresponds with
seasonal works, represented in orientational rules and astronyms (astronomical appellations). Seasonal
limitations of every constellation were also corrected with objective features of their movement in
the sky that determined the most optimal and usable time for their observation. Refs 30. Figs 3.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 62; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: ethnoastronomy

value: astronyms

value: time-reckoning

value: constellations

value: calendar

value: background knowledge


dc.contributor.author

value: Kusotskaya, Elena S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kusotskaya E. S. Typology and Linguistic Representation of Communicative Reactions to Insults in the Context of American Social-Political Discourse. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 583–598.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is based on the research dedicated to eliciting, analyzing and classifying communicative
reactions to the insults as well as researching interpersonal verbal interaction in a communicative
situation of the insult on the whole. It focuses on the main aspects of the research: the review of the latest
tendencies in (im)politeness research; substantiation of the discursive approach in (im)politeness
research that presupposes the emphasis on direct verbal interaction and victim’s reactions to insults
rather than on opponents’ intention; consideration of the social nature of insults and of culturally
predetermined acceptability / unacceptability of verbal behavior in a conflict communicative situation
of insult as well as the developed typology of communicative reactions to insults, linguistic representation
of these reactions and some possible algorithms of the progress of a communicative situation
of insult. The data for the research is represented by American social-political discourse, namely
25 transcripts of such American social-political talk-shows as “Real Time with Bill Maher”, “Hannity”,
“Burnett Outfront”, “Piers Morgan Tonight” etc. of the last decade. The choice of the data for the research is based on the proposition that social-political discourse aimed at wide public, its values and ideals allows to study culturally specific acceptability / unacceptability of an opponent’s communicative behavior in the context of a communicative situation of insult. Refs 24.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: сommunicative reactions

value: insult

value: (im)politeness

value: communicative situation

value: verbal aggression

value: discourse analysis

value: CDA (critical discourse analysis)

value: rhetoric

value: linguistic-cultural studies

value: American social-political discourse

value: insiders / outsiders

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Nefedov, S. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nefedov S. A. The Unknown February Revolution (part 1), Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 7–21.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article, based on archival materials, describes events connected with the preparation
of the demonstration on February 14, 1917. It is shown that, in the atmosphere of the “Government Assault” undertaken by the liberal opposition, the group of the most radical opposition,
supported by the Central Military Industrial Committee and led by A. I. Guchkov decided to join
the workers’ organizations in order to organize a grand anti-government demonstration. The
Central Military Industrial Committee kept contact with the working people through the “Working
Group”, which was a part of the Committee and was headed by the Menshevik K. A. Gvozdev. It
was expected that on the day of the convocation of the State Duma, on February 14, a hundred
thousand people would gather at the walls of the State Duma and would require the deputies to
create a “Provisional Government” responsible to the Duma and the “people”. In case the police
and government forces tried to scatter the protesters, then, according to the police, it was
planned to provide armed resistance; weapons were given to people at some factories. It was
supposed that the manifestation could become the beginning of an armed uprising and revolution.
The authorities were worried by the news received, and they arrested the “Working Group”,
nevertheless, preparations continued. However, the possibility of an uncontrolled development
of events worried the moderate leaders of the Progressive Bloc and, at a meeting on January 29,
P. S. Miliukov spoke out against the planned demonstration. At the same time, another leader
of the Bloc, M. V. Rodzianko, tried to use the fears of the authorities to get their consent to the
creation of a responsible ministry. Finally, Miliukov and Rodzianko made an appeal before the
workers to refrain from demonstration, and it did not take place. However the authorities appreciated
the loyalty of the opposition and, according to some information, Nicholas II decided to
agree to the creation of a responsible ministry.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

dc.subject

value: Russia

value: February revolution

value: demonstration of 14 February

value: liberal opposition

value: Central Military Industrial Committee

value: Working group

value: responsible ministry


dc.contributor.author

value: Poluboyarinova, Larisa

dc.identifier.citation

value: Poluboyarinova L. N. «Und nun gar Turgénjew!..»: On Some Features of the Reception of Ivan Turgenev’ s Prose in Austria. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 554–566.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Reception of Turgenev’s (1818–1883) work in the Austrian literary context is seen against the background
of historical events such as the Battle of Königgrätz (1866) and the formation of the Austro-
Hungarian Empire (1867). As a result, the Austrian part of the actual “double Empire” (Cisleithania)
is mostly non-German-speaking (mostly Slavic) population. This fact sharpens the attention of the Austrians to the narrative experience of Turgenev as a literary representative of the “Slavic East”, which is, on the one hand, according to the reviews Hieronymus Lorm’s and Ferdinand Kürenberger‘s, perceived through the “invention” of the “Eastern European Other” (L. Wolff). In particular, Kürenberger‘s project “Sacher-Masoch as Austrian Turgenev” is based on the displacement of the original as the “Other” beyond the cultural borders of Europe replacing him to another one, more cultured, German-speaking literary specimen of “Slavs”. At the same time, the content and form of Turgenev’s works, such as “The Diary of a Hunter”, as well as stories and novels of 1850s — 1860s., being assimilated and processed, provided not only the “Austrian Turgenev” Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, but also Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach, Ferdinand von Saar, Karl Emil Franzos with convenient matrix for the literary “assignment” in their own medium of German-speaking prose of Austrian Slavic limits Moravia, Bohemia, Galicia. In addition, Turgenev stands for Austrian realist writers alternative benchmark, marking their opposition to the master discourse of German “poetic realism”. Particularly productive in terms of the narrative turns to Austrian authors borrowed from “The Diary of a Hunter” figure of the nobleman-storyteller, a master narrative “frame”, which reduce a certain “history”, taking place in the Austrian Slavic “outback”, Sacher-Masoch’s “Legacy of Kain” (1870–1877 ), Franzos’ “Half-Asia: the land and the people of Eastern Europe” (1876), Ebner-Eschenbach’s “Stories from Castle and Village” (1883–1886), Saar’s “Novellas from Austria” (1877–1906). Refs 41.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

value: Ivan Turgenev

value: reception

value: Austrian literature

value: “Inventing Eastern Europe”

value: Hieronymus Lorm

value: Ferdinand Kürnberger

value: Leopold von Sacher-Masoch

value: Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach

value: Ferdinand von Saar

value: Karl Emil Franzos


dc.contributor.author

value: Popov, A. D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Popov A. D. “See. Understand. Fall in Love”: The Soviet Foreign Tourism and Public Diplomacy during the Cold War, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 148–160.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the article the author analyses the use of foreign tourism as one of instruments of public
diplomacy directed to promoting of the Soviet project abroad during the Cold War. The main mission
of foreign tourism of the post-war period has kept continuity with the pre-war period; however
it was implemented in the conditions of a repeated increase in tourist streams. It was necessary
not only to involve foreigners in travel across the USSR, but also to convince them of absolute advantage
of the socialist system and Soviet way of life. Then positive guests’ responses must be
recorded to provide their maximum information resonance. “Intourist” was the main coordinator of
the Soviet “techniques of hospitality” (P. Hollander) in relation to foreign tourists in the 1950–1980s
and it closely interacted with various government institutions and public organizations. For drawing
attention to travel to the USSR exhibitions, festivals, trips of the famous writers, journalists, artists,
athletes were used. But in the conditions of informational opposition with the West, the Soviet Union
had no opportunity to provide mass positive reviews about these trips in capitalist mass media, thus
reducing the possibility of influence on public opinion abroad. In the activity of “Intourist”, advertising
tourist services and promotion of the Soviet Union were inseparably linked, which allows one to
consider this organization in the context of public diplomacy. In the West, however, for this reason
the logic of the Cold War prompted negative estimates and restrictions complicating the performance
of “Intourist’s” external ideological mission.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 16-18-10213).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

value: USSR

value: Intourist

value: Public Diplomacy

value: Propaganda

value: Foreign Tourism

value: Cold War

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Duklau, Alina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Duklau A. V. Poetry of Charles Cotton: Genre and Style. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 533–543.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper discusses stylistic and thematic features of Charles Cotton’s (1630–1687) poetry, which link
him to the Renaissance and Baroque tradition, as well as the tendencies which flourish in the Rococo
and Sentimentalism poetry in the Age of Enlightenment. The paper emphasizes the fact that his poetic
manner of expression, which can be characterized as both natural and easy, is, on one hand, a result of
his aspiration to achieve the ideal of Grace — a Renaissance aesthetic category, and, on the other hand,
stems from his imitating Horace’s sermo style. The paper traces down the influence of Edmund Waller
on Cotton’s poetry, which can be found in the smoothness and “sweetness” of Cotton’s verses resulting
from him strictly following the rules of syllabotonics; as well as his connection with metaphysical poetry
clearly seen in his strophes and stanzas, and especially imagery and figurative language (his conceits
in particular), and his treating the concept of wit in accordance with its baroque interpretation.
The paper deals with Cotton’s ingenious modification of the existing genres, such as the Pindaric ode,
the epistle, the pastoral. Experimenting with the Pindaric Ode, which was new to the English poetry,
Cotton partially follows the pattern created by Cowley, striving to render a live emotion in poetic form.
In his pastoral poetry we find both modifications of this genre (hedonistic and meditative). Cotton’s pastoral interacts with other poetic genres (the epistle, the ode, the song). In the concluding part of the paper it is stressed that behind his poetry a unique human personality is clearly seen. Refs 16.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Charles Cotton

value: Genre

value: Style

value: Renaissance

value: Baroque

value: pastoral

value: Pindaric ode

value: epistle


dc.contributor.author

value: Nefedov, Sergey T.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nefedov S. T. Restrictive Argumentation: Modal Words of Doubt and Shared Knowledge in Academic Linguistic Writings. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 599–610.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper analyses the epistemic modal words and expressions of doubt and shared knowledge in
linguistic research articles. The restrictive features of the academic argumentation contribute to and
connect with the author’s orientation focusing on the expectations and the possible responses of the disciplinary community. The authors evaluate the degree of the credibility of their assertions and modify it by means of epistemic components according to its appropriateness in argumentation contexts and in relation to the general discourse norms of professional interaction continually. From ethic and professional points of view, it is crucial to control the illocutionary force of critical comments especially when they relate to the judgments of the colleagues to be belonged to the same disciplinary community or to the well-known knowledge. Moreover, the important pragmatic aim of academic argumentation is not confrontation, but the way to accept a compromise and to achieve the possible compatibility of the different positions. Since the semantic potential of epistemic units of doubt mitigates the illocutionary force of critical comments and the components of shared knowledge construct the positive underground of the cooperative engagement with the disciplinary community.
Then the modal epistemic components are treated as markers of the intersubjective relations between the authors and their target audience. They open a discourse dimension of the hedged polite argumentation and allow the authors to articulate their personal stance against the background of restrained disagreement, additional restrictions and reservations, circumstances, criteria, characteristics etc. They make it possible to downplay the conflict between previous and novel knowledge structures fixated in texts. The paper draws attention of the linguists who are interested in the issues of the science language to the necessity to take into account the discourse dimension of academic writings. Refs 26. Table 1.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: professional scientific interaction

value: academic argumentation

value: academic linguistic discourse

value: modality of scientific texts

value: epistemic modality

value: modal words and expressions of doubt

value: modal words and expressions of shared knowledge


dc.contributor.author

value: Bitiutskaia, Valeriia

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bitiutskaia V. V. Soviet Information Abroad: Working Peculiarities of TASS under the Iron Curtain. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 643–649.

dc.description.abstract

value:
New tasks for the Soviet press were set by the humanization of the Soviet system and the fall of the iron
curtain in the latter half of the 1950s. First, it concerned TASS as the primary source of information for
the USSR papers and a loud hailer of the Soviet Union on the international scene. The agency began
the reconstruction and strengthening of the news service targeted at the foreign reader. It was necessary
not only to inform the western reader on the achievements of the USSR in various industries,
but also to win its sympathy and to propagandize a life style of the Soviet person. Initially, the foreign
media considered this information “red propaganda”. But since the 1960s such point of view began to
change. The management of TASS addressed the western acceptances of a material feed. Then, they
started to take this information and were ready to pay for it. Nevertheless, ideological implication and
propaganda in news remained. It was required by the policy of the party, and journalists of the agency
skillfully and unobtrusively incorporated this information into texts. At the same time, the TASS news feed was a certain tuning fork for the Soviet press. Journalists of TASS were a role model for the workers of the Soviet newspapers and at the same time sustained the competition to the western colleagues. They perfectly coped with an application task and created the necessary image of the Soviet life in the foreign press. But they remained true to the principles of their profession. Together with obligatory information on plenums and achievements in hundreds newspapers they published stories about human dignity and lively moments in life of the Soviet people. So, TASS created a positive image of the country abroad. Refs 7.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Associated Press

value: iron curtain

value: information

value: news agency

value: TASS

value: cold war

dc.title

value: Article


title: Tatiana Apollonovna Ivanova (1917–2011)

dc.description.abstract

value: Tatiana Apollonovna Ivanova (1917–2011)

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

filename: 18-Ivanova(In Memoriam).pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Jeifets, L. S.

value: Andreev, A. S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Jeifets L. S., Andreev A. S. Soviet Foreign Policy in 1920–1930s and Latin America (Based on Journals of Politburo), Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 201, pp. 56–68.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Soviet foreign policy in Latin America continues to be a “lacuna” of historiography. This article examines
the foreign policy of the USSR in relation to Latin America in 1920s and 1930s based on discussion in the
Politburo of the RCP (b) — VKP (b). The documentary basis for the study are protocols of the Politburo meetings,
available to researchers in the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI). The authors analyze
the decisions taken by the highest leadership of the Bolshevik Party in relation to Latin America, showing mechanisms
for the implementation of these decisions. For the first time in historiography is demonstrated the role of the
Political Bureau in the formation of the Latin American vector foreign policy of the USSR. The consequences of
the Civil War and the isolation of the Soviet Union forced the country’s leadership to seek new trade and political
partners. The authors conclude that while the Politburo was seeking to resolve specific economic problems it
did not have a plan for the development of relations with Latin America. The article shows that the first economic
partners of the USSR in Latin America were Argentina, Uruguay, Mexico, Chile and Brazil. An important role in
the formation of the Soviet Union’s relations with Latin American countries was played by business associations,
“Yuzhamtorg” in particular, through which Soviet Goverment developed trade transactions with the governments
of Latin American countries.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта РГНФ (проект № 16-01-00138 «Российская революция, Коминтерн и Латинская Америка»).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

dc.subject

value: Politburo

value: Foreign Policy

value: USSR

value: Yuzhamtorg

value: Latin America

value: foreign trade

value: Soviet


dc.contributor.author

value: Kaminskiy, V. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kaminskiy V. V. Russian General Staff Officer, saved Twice by L. D. Trotsky: General Staff Major-General S. I. Odintsov, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 45–55.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This was a man whose fate often took on many strange colours that were at times quite
tragic. Having started after the end of the AGSh at the General Staff, like every young graduate of
the “General Staff” alma mater, he got carried away by aviation and even flew on dirigibles himself…
Our hero succeeded at this “fashionable” occupation in the beginning of the last century so much
so that he even headed the air school. However, an inadvertently said word forced him to abandon
aviation and return to the path in which he began his service in the Russian Imperial Army, to the
army cavalry. The specific situation in which Sergei Ivanovich Odintsov found himself in the spring
of 1918 was also that he not only became one of the first “General Staff” officers of the Red Army, but
also one of the first victims of the Chekist terror among the Red Army’s General Staff Corps. Once in
military service with the Bolsheviks, Sergei Ivanovich was twice arrested and twice saved from prison
and returned to the service in the Red Army by the “guardian angel” of the corps of the Red Army
General Staff, Chairman of the Revolutionnary Military Soviet of Republic (RVSR), L. D. Trotsky. In
his personal life, our protagonist also suffered many troubles: he divorced his wife as early as 1919,
and their eldest son lost both legs having fallen under a tram. The author hopes that this article
will shed additional light on the biography of another specialist of the Russian and Soviet General
Staff, whose apogee of life and military service fell precisely for the years of the “second Russian
Troubles” of 1917–1920.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: general staff

value: general

value: S. I. Odintsov

value: arrest

value: army

value: aviation


dc.contributor.author

value: Nikitenko, Yulia N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nikitenko Yu. N. Epideictic Function of the Historical Narrative in J. Higgins’ Versified Monologues (“The Mirror for Magistrates”) and in E. Spenser’s “Briton Moniments” (“The Faerie Queene”, Book II, Canto X). Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 544–553.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article compares a part of Edmund Spenser’s “The Faerie Queene” and the monologues added to
“The Mirror for Magistrates” by J. Higgins. No one has published in Russian a comparison of these two
works. This article establishes Elizabethan notions of the functions of historical writing as a theoretical
context of the study. Since moralizing and praising were regarded as the main functions of history and
historical poetry, the realisation of epideictic and didactic functions in the texts concerned became
the subject of our analysis. Spenser and Higgins were contemporaries, they both were concerned with
the same historical period, and they shared the same text as their main source — all these established the grounds for our comparison. The earliest period of the British history and episodes where female characters were among the main actors, — the stories ofLocrine and Guendolene, Leire and Cordeile, — appeared to be the most important for both authors. The analysis showed that didactic and epideictic functions were realized in both texts, although not in the same degree. Moralising dominated in Higgins’ monologues, while praising dominated in Spenser’s text. Higgins believed the reign of Britain’s first king Brutus was a prosperous golden age, followed however by a train of misfortunes by the depiction of which he teaches us the uncertainty of political life. Spenser also praised Brutus’ Britain, calling it an “empire”, but even more clearly epideictic function was realized in his account of the episodes with Guendolen and Cordeila. Having more independence than they were allowed in these texts, they were said by Spenser to be good rulers. Moreover, Spenser slightly transformed the story to present Guendolen more favourably. The poet there skillfully used a tale about Elizabeth I’s ancestors to praise the Queene. Refs 13.

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Faerie Queene

value: E. Spenser

value: Renaissance historical poetry

value: Mirror for Magistrates

value: Locrin

value: Leir

value: epideictic function

value: didactic function

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kropachev, Nikolay M.

value: Verbitskaya, Liudmila A.

value: Belov, Sergey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kropachev N. M., Verbitskaya L. A., Belov S. A. Requirements to the Oral Speech on the Russian Language as on the National Language of the Russian Federation. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 519–524.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article addresses the aims of the legal recognition of a language as the national (“state”) language,
the legal regulations concerning observance of the standards of the contemporary Russian (“literary”)
language as national (“state”) language of the Russian Federation, as well as the problems of implementation
of these regulations in the oral public speech. The authors emphasize the role of dictionaries and
grammar books approved by the Ministry of Education and Science to provide the implementation of
the language legislation and the official codification of the norms of the contemporary Russian standard
(“literary”) language as the national (“state”) language of the Russian Federation. The article puts forward
a number of suggestions for improving the current legal mechanism of codification of language
norms for the oral speech with regard to the use of language as a national (“state”) language. Refs 5.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: national (“state”) language

value: Russian language as a national (“state”) language

value: language norm

value: codification of language norms

value: normative dictionaries

value: dictionaries of the Russian language

value: oral public speech


dc.contributor.author

value: Burtsev, Vladimir A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Burtsev V. A. The Problem of Subjectivity in a Discourse in Terms of Imperative Sentences. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 567–582.

dc.description.abstract

value: This article discusses the use of imperative sentences in the Russian Orthodox sermon. In such sentences, we observe the phenomenon of grammatizing their typical functioning which is a means of expressing the psychological state of the speaker. However, their use in preaching is characterized by the fact that the meaning of the utterance as that of a speech act does not depend on the locative activity of the speaker. This phenomenon is seen as asubjectivation, or the submission of the speaker, who acts as a bearer of someone else’s point of view that dominates him. The article studies the conditions of asubjectivation that regulate such submission. They include referential conditions: a) all non-confirmed sentence predications and sentential groups expressing them are referential irrespective of the speaker; b) referential properties of non-confirmed sentential groups are based on the fact that they can be replaced by other groups, as the meaning is conveyed not by the speech units but by their correlations; c) only specific expressions can be used to replace other units, and the meaning of non-confirmed sentential groups cannot be arbitrary. The article shows that asubjectivation is directly related to the fact that the language of the sermon is a discourse. The use of such sentences in a deictic mode, which is not possible in a discourse, shows the absence of asubjectivation. Asubjectivation seen in sentences that have an illocutive verb in their structure is explained by the performative hypothesis. The meaning of imperative sentences in a sermon is defined on the basis of peremptory rules of satisfaction and subjective justification. It has been found that as a result of asubjectivation, in a sermon, imperative sentences are used idiomatically — as an indirect request /piece of advice and cannot be used non-idiomatically as a requirement / order. Refs 42.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: asubjectification

value: saying

value: imperative sentence

value: discourse

value: sermon

value: speaking subject of an utterance

value: preconstruct

value: illocutionary meaning

value: reference


dc.contributor.author

value: Kruglikova, Olga

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kruglikova O. S. The Problem of the Judicial Reform of 1864 in the Publicism of Nikita Gilyarov-Platonov and Fyodor Dostoyevsky. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 664–675.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reviews publicist speeches of N. P. Gilyarov-Platonov and F. M. Dostoevsky on the trial
jury in Russian legal proceedings practice. The conservative writers of the XIX century, reflecting this
theme, demonstrated the fallacy of the approach to public life reformation, which neglects the influence
of the customs and traditions and ignores the features of the national character. From their point
of view, many features of the Russian mentality can hinder the harmonious introduction of the Western
European legal models in Russia. Among them they called so-called “legal nihilism” of Russians;
the typical for the Orthodox consciousness unwillingness to trial fellowmen as well as the widespread desire to avoid the execution of public errands and civic obligations by all means. Thoroughly analyzing these features of the Russian character, origins of their appearance, historical and socio-cultural factors influenced their formation as well as the first experiences of a new court, the publicists came to the conclusion that tracing the Western European model of justice in Russia without its preliminary adaptation to the specifics of traditional public relations would lead not to the harmonization of the judicial sphere, but to chaos and would be a waste of social forces. The analysis of the trial jury work practices in Russia in the 19th century reveals the validity of this view — indeed, the numerous cases of evasion from the duties of the sworn were recorded, the trial jury universally acquitted even in case of indisputably proven and accepted by the defendant guilt in serious criminal offenses. Publicist performances of N. P. Gilyarov-Platonov and F. M. Dostoyevsky on the subject of judicial reform have attracted wide public interest, but sounded warnings and recommendations have not been taken into account in practice. Refs 16.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Nikita Gilyarov-Platonov

value: Feodor Dostoevsky

value: jury in Russia

value: judicial reform of 1864

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Vyugin, V. Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vyugin V. Yu. Book review: Olesha Yu. K. Envy. Conspiration of the feelings. Strict young man. Prepared by A. V. Kokorin, commented by N. A. Guskov and A. V. Kokorin. A short biography is compiled by N. A. Guskov. Illustrations and articles by M. S. Karasik. SPb., Vita Nova Publ., 2017. 624 p.: 71 illustrations. — (Manuscripts). Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 691–695.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4


dc.contributor.author

value: Petukhova, T. I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petukhova T. I. All-Russian Scientific-Practical Seminar “The Problems of Cognitive Linguistics”. 2016, November 14–25, Tambov, Russia. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 680–686.


dc.contributor.author

value: Dekterev, S. B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dekterev S. B. The 3rd International Research and Practical Conference “International Cooperation: Integration of Educational Spaces”. On the 85-anniversary of the Udmurt State University. 2016, November 17–18, Izhevsk, Russia. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 676–680.


dc.contributor.author

value: Burova, I. I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Burova I. I. Book Review: Polyakov O. Yu., Polyakova O. A. Imagology: Theoretical and Methodological Basiсs. Kirov, LLC “Raduga-PRESS” Publ., 2013. 162 p.. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 687–690.


dc.contributor.author

value: Prigodich, N. D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Prigodich N. D. Logistical Support of Air Operations of the Leningrad Front During the Siege of Leningrad, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 32–44.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reveals the process of logistic support of air operations the Leningrad front in the period
1941–1944. Historical database is the archive of the Ministry of defense and the historic archive of St. Petersburg.
The beginning of the great Patriotic war became for connections in the rear of the air force of the Leningrad
military district, the most severe period. While in reorganization, within the formation of new units, the rear of the
aircraft was not ready to ensure the conduct of hostilities. Further, the establishment of a permanent front line near
Leningrad coincides with complete stabilization in the operating units of the aviation rear guard. During offensive
operations in 1944, complexity in the rear of the 13-th air army has increased manifold due to the large number
of transfers to new airfields. At the first stage of the defense of Leningrad was a serious problem of the lack of the
ability for a large volume of aircraft maintenance work. The solution was found only with the help of Party leadership
of the city, which mobilized the production capacity of the Leningrad factories to help the front. In addition,
the article demonstrates the dynamics of changes in the number of aircraft of the air force of the Leningrad front
during the war.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РГНФ в рамках проекта № 17-01-00346 «Блокада в решениях руководящих партийных органов Ленинграда. 1941–1944 гг.».

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

dc.subject

value: Defense of Leningrad

value: Air Force

value: Aircraft Rear

value: Leningrad Front

value: 13th Air Army


dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsova, O. N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuznetsova O. N. Activities of the Commission for the Examination of the Food Situation in Petrograd in 1917, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 22–31.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to examination of food situation in Petrograd, particularly of activity
of the Special Council on Food Supply and Commission for the examination of the food situation in Petrograd in 1917. The aim of the Commission was the inspection and improvement of the food
situation in the capital city. One of the major causes why The Russian Provisional Government established
the Commission was the criticism of activities of The Special Council on Food Supply and
its head W. Groman. In particular, the workers of Council were accused of mass spoilage of food,
embezzlement and other abuses. The resolutions of the Commission concerned providing necessary
documentation for the Council’s activity, the food supplies in the capital city and the problems
of food distribution in Petrograd. Those resolutions were handed over to Ministry of Food. The Commission
was led by M. Berenshtam, one of the assistants of the Minister of Food of The Provisional
Government. The article analyses the composition of the Commission, activities of its sections and
the means that were suggested in order to solve the food issues in 1917. Special attention should be
paid to reaction of citizens of Petrograd — particularly of house committees of the city — to solving
of food distribution problems and to rationing. The Commission for the examination of the food
situation in Petrograd started its work on the 3rd of August and finished it on the 23rd of September
1917. As a result of the inspection the Commission came to the conclusion that most of the rumors
about ineffective activities of the Council and its chairman were unfounded. The conclusions of the
Commission were similar to the comments of the Council’s members, when the hard food situation
was explained by reasons of a general character. In particular, by the crisis and disarrangement of
transport. At the same time neither the Council nor the Commission could resolve the food problems
in Petrograd in 1917.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Petrograd

value: food issues

value: Special Council on Food Supply in Petrograd

value: M. Berenshtam

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ai, Jing

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ai Jing. Communication Model “Self — The Other” in the Theater of Eugene Grishkovets. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 525–532.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article focuses on the semiotic system of the theater of Grishkovets. The special attention is given
to the communication model “Self — The other”. With two paradigms “Self — The body — The other”
and “Self like body — for The other” in the theatrical text of Grishkovets, the author underlines that
paradigm “Self — The other” is performed mainly in the presence of the storyteller — mono-hero —
Grishkovets and the image “The other” on the stage. In the first paradigm “Self — The body — The
other” the author analyses different types of the characters and relationships between these characters, considers that the model “Self — The body — The other” serves as a demonstration of strained relations of the characters between their inner and outer worlds. The second paradigm “Self like body — for The other” focuses on the crucial question of the deprivation of the self-identification of the heroes. The author gives the characteristics of the “Self” and “The other”, believes that the “Self” is served as the beyond-household and beyond-existential element, which belongs to the category of the present time and the future time. “The other” symbolizes the way the past experience is destructed, which represents the past time of the hero. In the end, the author concludes that the communication model “Self-The other” has a semiotic character of the stage embodiment, including the difference of the temporary parameter in one space: past-present-future. Refs 13.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: theatrical sign

value: semiotic system

value: communication model “Self — The other”

value: Self — The body — The other

value: Self like body — for The other

value: temporary space

dc.title

filename: 02-Ai Jing.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Tikhonov, V. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tikhonov V. V. The History of Lobbying by the Leadership of the Kabardinskaya ASSR of the 400th Anniversary of the “Voluntary Joining” to Russia, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 107–114.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article, prepared on the basis of documents from the Russian State Archive of Contemporary
History, examines the history of unsuccessful attempts by the post-war leadership of the Kabardin ASSR to obtain
the right to hold the anniversary of the 400th anniversary of “voluntary adherence” to the Russian state. The
episode in question clearly demonstrates the mechanism of decision-making by the central bodies concerning
the holding of commemorative celebrations. The initiative in holding the jubilee celebrations came from Kabarda.
The leadership of the republic requested permission to organize celebrations first in 1953 and then in 1954. In the
first case it was stated that the accession took place in 1554, and in the second, that in 1555. Each time representatives
of the Kabardin ASSR tried to prove, That this year it is necessary to celebrate the 400th anniversary of voluntary accession. For the local elite, the jubilee was an opportunity to light up at the all-Union level, which
could become a career springboard for many, and receive additional funding. But the last word in the decision to
hold the jubilee was for the central bodies. To make a decision on the conduct, it was necessary to include professional
historians; moreover, preference was given not to local specialists, but to leading central institutions. The
analyzed case demonstrates the complicated process in the functioning of memory policy in the USSR, which
local elites often actively used in their own interests.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Работа подготовлена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ № 15-31-01257 (а2).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

dc.subject

value: National Policy

value: Memory Policy

value: Kabardinskaya ASSR

value: Voluntary Joining


dc.contributor.author

value: Brandenberger D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Brandenberger D. Review of: Tikhomirov A. A. ‘″Luchshiy drug nemeckogo naroda″. Kult Stalina v Vostochnoy Germanii (1945–1961 gg.)’, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 228–230.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.type

value: Article


dc.identifier.citation

value: “Soviet Globalism: Theory and Practice of the World Socialist System in 1950s — 1970s”: The Round Table Discussion in the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 202–227.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article comprises papers presented at the roundtable “Soviet globalism: theory and practice of
the world socialist system from the 1950s to the 1970s” conducted at the Institute of World History of the Russian
Academy of Sciences on May 19, 2017 within the frames of a new research project on the history of the “world
system of socialism”. It unites new approaches to the discipline (Mikhail Lipkin, Viacheslav Nekrasov), historiography
and terminology studies (Samuel Volfson, Artem Ulunyan) and new archival evidence from unilateral, bilateral
and multilateral perspectives (Teimur Dzhalilov, Anna Gladysheva, Nikita Pivovarov, Irina Aggeeva, Alessandro
Salacone, Eugeny Osipov). Following the new recently declassified sources from the Russian, West and East
European archives and using global history tools, it opens a serious discussion on the role of economic strategy
in competition between socialist and capitalist systems and searches for an answer to the question of why China
won while the USSR lost after a several waves of inner reforms and a final shift towards economic détente with
the West in the middle of 1970s.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Публикация материалов круглого стола, организованного и проведенного в ИВИ РАН
19 мая 2017 г. научным коллективом, работающим при финансовой поддержке Российского
научного фонда, грант № 17-18-01728 «Мировая система социализма и глобальная экономика
в середине 1950-х — середине 1970-х гг.: эволюция теории и практики экономического и технологического лидерства CCCР».

dc.subject

value: World System

value: Socialism

value: Global Economics

value: Trade

value: USSR

value: CMEA

value: Warsaw Pact

value: Cold War

value: Detente

dc.title

filename: 14-Soviet Globalism.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Samoylov, N. A.

value: Khodjakov, M. V.

value: Yanchenko, D. G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Samoylov N. A., Khodjakov M. V., Yanchenko D. G. Scientific Seminar Dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of the October Revolution of 1917, no. 4, 2017, pp. 179–201.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to a scientific seminar dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution
of 1917 held in Beijing on June 5, 2017, with the participation of historians of St. Petersburg State University, as
well as historians, economists and political scientists from various scientific and educational institutions of China.
Professors of the Institute of History and the Faculty of Oriental Studies took part in the seminar on behalf of St.
Petersburg State University. The Chinese side was represented by experts from the Chinese Academy of Social
Sciences, the Renmin University of China, Beijing Normal University, East China Normal University in Shanghai,
various departments of the CPC Central Committee and other organizations. Li Fengling, the Chinese Ambassador
to Russia in 1995-1998, also contributed a lecture. The seminar was organized by the Center for the Study of
Russia of the Renmin University of China and St. Petersburg State University, which was opened on September
2, 2015 in Beijing with the participation of the Russian and Chinese Vice-Premiers. During the seminar Russian
and Chinese experts made presentations on various issues of the history of the Great Russian Revolution, as well
as on issues that Russian and Chinese societies are facing now in the light of the centenary of the events of 1917.
Summing up the results of the seminar, the speakers unanimously noted that the Great Russian Revolution had a
huge impact on the entire course of the world history.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

dc.subject

value: seminar

value: Russia

value: China

value: Renmin University of China

value: Revolution


dc.contributor.author

value: Galimovа, Elena Sh.

value: Tsvetova, Natalia S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Galimovа E. Sh., Tsvetova N. S. Dynamics of Media Presentation of One Literary Phenomenon. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 650–663.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article deals with literary criticism and art-PR treated as one of the key art-segments of the contemporary Russian media space. The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that the past studies of the Russian system of literary criticism as a key instrument for formation of the art discourse in the public sphere were carried out at the beginning of the new century. In this paper, we study the specifics of the dynamics of the communication space, which has been created by a heterogeneous media as the contextual or background for the so-called village prose. The latter one is recognized by literary historians as the most significant literary phenomenon of the second half of the last century. The authors conclude that the obvious change of communicative conditions for the existence of the village prose is connected not only with the changing situation in the media or changing the settings of the readership, but also with the institutional characteristics of this literary phenomenon. The authors have identified a specialized segment of the Russian media space preventing the domination of the PR component, which, in its turn, is programmed by the market dominance, actualizing traditional for the Russian literary criticism journalistic focus on ontological issues, ability to provoke awareness of socially significant events and gestures, and formatting literary discourse of media space. On the other hand, the formed discourse pragmatic aspirations of the modern professional literary criticism and journalistic community provoke the improvement of the status of a reader’s statements about the work of art. The main conclusion concerns the causes and driving forces of the evolution of the media context of any cultural events. These reasons, from the point of view of the authors, are connected with the remarkable characteristics of this phenomenon. Refs 22.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

value: village prose

value: literary criticism

value: media discourse

value: the art of PR

value: readers’ statements

value: the communicative context

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Slezin, A. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Slezin A. A. Komsomol and Youth Press during the Early “Thaw”, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 133–147.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The subject of the research is the relationship between the Komsomol and youth publications in the
middle and in late 1950th. The main sources of information were based on the archives, mainly The Russian State
Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI). And the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History of the Tambov
region (GASPITO), along with periodical publications of the 1950s. Komsomol is seen as a social and cultural
phenomenon. Komsomol actions are predominantly evaluated from pan-human and national viewpoints. For the
objective estimation of the consequences of Komsomol’s activities it was important to admit the basics of Ilinsky’s
concept of bringing up healthy generations. After the analysis of the decisions of the central and regional
All-Union Leninist Young Communist League (AULYCL) agencies, the author comes to the conclusion that the
Komsomol was restraining the process of expanding public openness. Alongside this, the AULYCL was recruiting
young people to work in the sphere of Mass media, helping develop cub reporters’ movement, bulletin boards,
as well as implementing innovative approaches to moulding magazine and newspaper contents, and drawing
the Mass media attention to young people’s needs. A lot of attention has been centered around understanding
the ethical principles of the Soviet youth journalism and the term “truthfulness”, criticizing methods of adulteration,
exploring the sphere of personal interests and highlighting the theme of a small human and a citizen. The
author also identifies certain youth publishing intentions depicting the realities of everyday life more precisely
and demonstrating the problem of approaches to the perception of reality. It has been shown that the Komsomol
advocated for the development of criticism and self-criticism, but at the same time did not favor discussing weak
points and issuing offensive publications. A lot was dedicated to discussing essential printing materials and making
arrangements for eliminating evident problems.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Исследование выполнено при поддержке РФФИ в рамках научно-исследовательского
проекта № 15-31-01002 «а1» «Комсомол как социокультурный феномен XX века».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

dc.subject

value: youth

value: Komsomol

value: Pioneers

value: newspapers

value: magazines

value: political culture

value: Thaw

value: press


dc.contributor.author

value: Nechaeva, Natalia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nechaeva N. A. Units of the Special Category in French Correct Economic Discourse. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 611–624.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article focuses on the units of correct economic discourse which is a type of unique and standardized
discourse, the distinctive feature of which is a special discourse technique used in scientific and popular articles of the French periodicals on economic issues. Cognitive-discursive approach to the popular science text allows us to characterize it as a special type of text information verbalized undergoing cognitive processing. Therefore, special attention is paid to the study of informational content of lexical units, among which the main place belongs to the terms of the economy. Selection of specific items made according to three criteria: thematic, formal and pragmatic. Among the category of units presented in this article, are opposed to the two classes of units: terminological unit having denotative meaning and objectifying scientific concepts at different levels of categorization and general units with connotative meaning. Terminological unit is regarded as a special cognitive-information structure, which accumulates expressed in a particular linguistic form of professional scientific knowledge. The article explores the use of metaphors, metonymy and phraseological units. If we deal with metaphors, there is a creation of the metaphor integrative concept, which is the result of a combination of primary entities in one denotative whole and has its own special denotation that is not identical to the referent combined components. Metonymy objectifies the result of rigorous multistage logical procedures. Phraseological units are the product of associative thinking, the ability to relate mono-categorical and different-сategorical essences. The interaction of two types of language units makes scientific knowledge more accessible and easily digestible, complements the overall picture of knowledge, and creates an integral picture of the world economy. The use of various linguistic mechanisms allows us to present the implicit meaning of the economic concept and promotes the popularization of economic information. Refs 23.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 14; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: correct economic discourse

value: economic information

value: terminological unit

value: economic term

value: general vocabulary

value: metaphor

value: metonymy

value: phraseological unit

value: integrative concept


dc.contributor.author

value: Boldovskiy, K. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Boldovskiy K. A. “Finish Reaction Hasn’t Laid Down Arms…”: Finland in 1946 According to the Information of Soviet Intelligence, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 231–256.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

dc.title

value: Article

filename: 16-Finish Reaction.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Amacher, Korine

dc.identifier.citation

value: Amacher K. Lev Kamenev, a Specialist of Aleksandr Herzen’s Work: An Intellectual Between Two Shores. Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature, 2017, vol. 14, issue 4, pp. 625–642.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The name of the Bolshevik Lev Kamenev has never been associated with that of Aleksandr Herzen.
However, since the pre-revolutionary period, Kamenev had shown a deep interest in Herzen’s work.
After the Revolution, and particularly in the 1930s when he was director of the Academia Press and
of two academic institutes of literature, Kamenev edited numerous texts by Herzen and started up an
ambitious programme of studies dedicated to Herzen. Nevertheless, after his death sentence in 1936, a great part of his work disappeared in special archives inaccessible to researchers until his posthumous rehabilitation in 1988. These archives are now accessible to them. Their disappearance prevented Herzen specialists from having access to his work and impeded the re-editon of The Bell by Herzen, one of Kamenev’s most ambitious projects. Kamenev’s arrest delayed for several decades the re-edition of The Bell and made it more difficult for future researchers to have access to his works. Meanwhile, some of Kamenev’s ideas, in particular concerning the “architecture” of My Past and Thoughts, which remained, for a long time, mysterious to Herzen’s editors, were very innovative and interesting. Kamenev’s death also put an end to the discussions over Herzen’s legacy. Kamenev, who was one of the most active promoters of Lenin’s interpretation of Herzen, remained a man stamped with pre-revolutionary non-Marxist cultural and intellectual traditions that were not concealed by him, as would be the case later, particularly after the Second World War when the Marxist interpretation of Herzen was definitively imposed. Refs 45.

dc.subject

value: Alexander Herzen

value: Lev Kamenev


dc.contributor.author

value: Medeubayev, Y. I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Medeubayev Y. I. Attempts to Start the Process of Political Rehabilitation and Restoration of Repressed Citizens’ Rights in Kazakhstan during the Era of the Khrushchev “Thaw”, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 87–106.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the attempts of the beginning of the rehabilitation and restoration processes of
the violated constitutional rights of citizens in the Kazakh SSR, which began with N. Khrushchev’s report at the XX
Congress of the CPSU. After Stalin’s death, the USSR leadership understood that the atmosphere of the “great
terror” resulted in a high level of the hidden social tensions over the whole of Soviet society, and its exacerbation
may lead to unpredictable consequences. Based on archival materials, the article provides examples of the former
party, Soviet and Komsomol workers of Kazakhstan who returned from camps and exile and presented the
live evidence of the tragedy that befell them. This evidence filled out the picture of mass repression in Kazakhstan
in 1937–1938 with some details and directly called out the actors of the “Stalinist terror” process, which has
been mainly impersonal. The article talks about the role of those persons who supplied the ideological support
of the repression of the 1930s in Kazakhstan and sanctioned lawlessness. Many of them held important positions
in the Communist party government of Kazakhstan, Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR and other fields
of the press, education and culture after 1956. Knowing about the people returning from the camps and exile,
they attempted to set obstacles in the way of the anti-Stalinist course in social and political life of the Republic.
Speaking about the attempts of the victims of Stalinist tyranny to restore their constitutional rights, the article does
not avoided the role of the Kazakh SSR KGB, in whose hands the iniquity 1930s-1950s lay. The restoration and
strengthening of the rule of law, the return of state security authorities to the legal field has become one of the
main objectives of Soviet leadership in the era of Khrushchev’s “thaw”.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке Foundation Open Society Institute
(FOSI), грант № 30016143.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Political Repressions

value: Stalinism

value: Khrushchev

value: Thaw

value: Amnesty

value: Rehabilitation

value: XX Congress

value: CPSU


dc.contributor.author

value: Fedorov, A. N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fedorov A. N. The “Tank Affair” of 1949: How Problems of the Defensive Industry were Solved during the Post-War Period, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 69–86.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article considers measures taken by the USSR top leadership in 1949 to resolve the most acute
problems of the Soviet tank industry. Emergency intervention in the affairs of this defense industry was due to
the fact that from 1946 to 1948 it was in crisis. Due to a number of objective problems, its enterprises could not
successfully develop new types of armored vehicles and produce them in the needed quantities. This crisis was
compounded by the fact that senior management did not sufficiently delve into the problem of the tank industry.
The situation changed at the beginning of 1949, when the aggravation of international relations strengthened Stalin’s
attention to the defense industry and information on the failures in the tank industry reached him. Because
Stalin was personally involved in this issue, in the shortest time all levels of government (the Council of Ministers,
ministries and enterprise management) were mobilized. The Bureau under the USSR Council of Ministers was
established to give more effective control and coordination of the work of the tank industry. The supervision of
all tank questions was provided by the best professionals in this sphere: V. A. Malyshev and E. Yu. Maksarev. For
more successful mobilization of managers, various individual punishments were administered, the most severe
and demonstrative of which was the resignation of the director of the Kirov plant I. M. Zaltsman. However, largescale
personnel purges were not carried out, as they could disorganize the work of the industry. All these measures,
along with the allocation of additional material resources and inter-departmental struggle, made it possible
already by the end of 1949 to upgrade new tank models and prepare for their mass production. However, other
important problems of the tank industry remained unresolved.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

value: Tank Industry

value: Post-War Period

value: Kirov Plant

value: Uralvagonzavod

value: Purges

value: Mobilization Economy

value: J. V. Stalin

value: V. A. Malyshev

value: L. Z. Mehlis

value: I. M. Zaltzman

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Grebenyuk, P. S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Grebenyuk P. S. “Dalstroy” Factor and Cultural Policy in the North-East of the USSR in 1953– 1960s, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 115–132.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper analyzes the characteristics of cultural policy in the North-East of Russia between 1953 and
1960. At its creation in December 1953, the Magadan region was not only part of the transformation that followed
Stalin’s death, but was intended to radically change the situation in the North-East of the country. Turning to
public policy was to increase the administration’s attention to the socio-cultural sphere. Based on archival materials,
the author shows how the Dalstroy legacy determined the specific features of cultural policy. The party
leadership tried to win the support of the people, and, against the background of intensive migration, in an effort
to overcome the social contradictions and secure the population, cultural policy was aimed at the formation of a
new regional identity. By analyzing the documents of the Magadan Regional Party Committee and the Regional
Executive Committee and cultural institutions, the author points out that the cornerstone of a new cultural policy
in the 1950s became a criticism of Dalstroy traditions and a new ideological line, which marked the year 1953 as
the starting point of a new era and pointedly contrasted the new party power to Dalstroy. According to the author,
the emergence of cultural phenomenon of the Kolyma ‘gold damping theory’ reflected the protest of Dalstroy’s
elite in relation to the collapse of everyday existence. The author notes that the features of cultural policies were
associated with the Dalstroy factor until the late 1950s. This ran in contrast to the growth of cultural and educational
institutions, the specificity of the territory, as well as administrative problems and contradictions that were
identified with the slow formation of the respective instruments of state governance of culture.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Northeast

value: USSR

value: Magadan region

value: Dalstroy

value: Cultural Policy

value: Cultural Management

value: Ideology

value: Educational Institutions

value: Theatre

value: Literary Activity


dc.contributor.author

value: Kodin, E. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kodin E. V. Russian History in Foreign Scientific Journals: Evolution of Approaches and Points of View, Modern History of Russia, no. 4, 2017, pp. 161–178.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the extent to which academic journals reflect and form the directions
of Russian studies (Russian area studies) using the example of three scientific journals (The
Russian Review, Slavic Review and Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History). Obviously,
both earlier and now these three magazines are the leaders in the field of Russian area studies.
Since it is not possible to analyze publications throughout Russia’s history in one article, the author
focuses only on first decades of Soviet history. At the same time, only works on the political and
social history of the USSR fall into the focus of attention. Such important spheres of life of the Soviet
state and society as economics, culture, foreign policy, religion, national relations, etc. are not
included in this research. What is the degree of evolution in the methodological approaches of the
editorial offices of these journals, beginning with the era of the Cold War (the time of the creation of
the first two journals)? The main attention is paid to the first 15 years of the 21st century, when the
journal Kritika was recreated in a new format, which, in the author’s assessment, took the leading
place in modern foreign Russian studies, largely determining the direction and methodology of
modern research.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Issue 4(21)

dc.subject

value: Russian History

value: Russian Review

value: Slavic Review

value: Kritika

value: Sovietology

value: Historiography


dc.contributor.author

value: Istomin, Igor A.

value: Kildyushkin, Aleksandr S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Istomin I. A., Kildyushkin A. S. Dynamics of state power potentials and prospects for a polycentric international system. Vestnik SPbSU. Political Science. International Relations, 2017, vol. 10, issue 4, pp. 348–362.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Attempts at giving state power potential a quantitative definition have been undertaken for several
decades. Researchers often offer various basic indicators explaining further power dispersion in the
contemporary world. However, many research papers either contain a mix of criteria taken from different
levels of analysis or they inflate the significance of a given characteristic. Such an approach does
not reflect the actual relationship between state power potentials. The present article offers an original
vision related to indicators of economic and military potentials of the most powerful states in the
world. The shifts in relationships between these indicators that have been recorded in the last several
years show that any claims of a clearly formed polycentric world are premature. It also signals that the
trend related to the gradual strengthening of power potentials of developing states is toward stagnation.
Refs 28. Fig. 1. Tables 3.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Political Science. International Relations;Volume 10; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: power potentials

value: power dispersion

value: power criteria

value: neorealism

value: polycentric system

value: world order

value: international relations

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lantsov, Sergey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lantsov S. A. Russian October Revolution of 1917: Plans and outcomes. Vestnik SPbSU. Political Science. International Relations, 2017, vol. 10, issue 4, pp. 289–300.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article compares ideational political settings of Bolsheviks prior to the October 1917 revolution in
Russia to the results of the practical fulfillment of these settings. When leading Bolsheviks Vladimir
Lenin and Leon Trotsky were planning to seize power in Russia, they expected that successful similar
revolutions would follow in developed European countries. Bolsheviks accepted all means aimed at
their victory in power struggle in Russia, and they were often unable to foresee consequences of their
actions. Many of the ideas that Bolsheviks treated as guidelines prior to the October revolution were
utopian and unrealistic. In particular, one can find such ideas in Lenin’s State and Revolution. Deep economic and political crisis in Russia was the result of attempts to apply these utopian ideas in practice.
The crisis forced Lenin to change the strategy of Bolsheviks and to work out a new plan aimed
at formation of a socialist society under the given circumstances for which most Bolsheviks appeared
to be unprepared. The new strategy outlined by Lenin treated technological modernization as prerequisite
to formation of a new type of society. On one hand, modernization appeared to be fruitful
thus allowing transit to socialism. On other hand, the modernization cost much effort, great loss, and
countless victims. The article concludes that results of the October 1917 revolution in Russia were
ambiguous. Refs 12.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: October Revolution

value: Bolsheviks

value: Lenin

value: Trotsky

value: world revolution

value: socialism

value: modernisation


dc.contributor.author

value: Chernoglazov, Dmitri A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chernoglazov D. A. Die Byzantinische Fassung des spätantiken Briefstellers: Überlieferung und Textgeschichte. Philologia Classica 2017, 12(2), 188–205.

dc.description.abstract

value:
“Epistolary styles” of Pseudo-Libanius (abbr. PL1), an ancient treatise on letter writing of the 5th century,
includes a theoretical introduction and sample letters. The examples refer to 41 types, as a rule, one
example per type. Whereas the treatise itself, which forms the basis of ancient epistolary theory, has been
studied well enough, its Byzantine and post-Byzantine versions have not been studied at all. In this article,
one of these versions is analyzed – a collection of sample letters compiled on the basis of Pseudo-Libanius
(abbr. PL2). Our research includes the following aspects: 1) Content and style of PL2. The names of the types,
represented in PL2, and the texts of the samples, go back, mainly, to the treatise of Pseudo-Libanius. The
method of reworking the source is analyzed: the text is expanded by rhetorical means – epithets, comparisons,
proverbs and citations are regularly introduced. 2) The PL2 manuscript tradition. Mss. PL2, as a rule,
coincides with the treatise of Pseudo-Libanius and enters into various combinations with it. Depending on
the structure of the text, PL2-mss. are divided into 5 classes. The characteristic of each manuscript is given:
not only of the treatise itself, but also its context in mss. is taken into account. 3) The PL2 text history. An
attempt is made to reconstruct the archetype of PL2: it is demonstrated that initially it was not an appendix
to “Epistolary Styles”, but an independent collection of sample letters. Its supposed date is the 10th century. 4)
The purpose and function of PL2. It is assumed that PL2 was written in order to update the ancient sample letters.
In mss. PL2 often acts as a transitional link between the simplest examples of Pseudo-Libanius and authentic
letters of Byzantine authors. Perhaps the treatise was also used as a school textbook. In the Appendix
all sample letters included in PL2, with their names and incipit, are listed. The critical edition of “Epistolary
Styles” and all their Byzantine versions is being now prepared by the author of this article.

dc.language.iso

value: de

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 12; Issue 2

value: Epistolary theory

value: sample letters

value: manuscript tradition

value: textual criticism

value: Ancient epistolography

value: Byzantine epistolography

value: Pseudo-Libanius

value: Characteres epistolici


dc.contributor.author

value: Mutagirov, Dzhamal Z.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mutagirov D. Z. Recognition of as a factor of the State legitimacy and stability. Vestnik SPbSU. Political Science. International Relations, 2017, vol. 10, issue 4, pp. 310–319.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Areas of residence of peoples who choose to exercise their right to self-determination and to form own
States have become hotbeds of the greatest tension in international relations. This right is enshrined in
international law, but not all of the existing States refer to it with due understanding. Many of them,
immediately recognizing the legitimacy of one new political formation deny such right in others which
are no less legitimate. The author of the article, reflecting on the causes of such behavior of the actors
of international political processes, finds its roots primarily in the contradictions of contemporary
international law and puts under question whether recognition of the new States by the existing states
ought to be considered as the main criterion of their legitimacy. Refs 15.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Political Science. International Relations;Volume 10; Issue 4

value: peoples

value: international law

value: the right to self-determination

value: the State

value: international recognition

value: legitimacy

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Duerrschnabel, Chaja V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Duerrschnabel Ch. V. (Un)Persönliche Strukturen im Lateinischen der Vulgata und ihre hebräischen Parallelen. Philologia Classica 2017, 12(2), 160–176.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The phenomenon of impersonal verbs in Indo-European languages, particularly in Latin, is a much
discussed issue. Nevertheless, the existence and use of impersonal verbs in the Latin of the Vulgate has
never been investigated from a comparative point of view. The main aim of this article is to discuss the use
of impersonal verbs in ancient Indo-European languages and Biblical Hebrew on the one hand, while on the
other hand this article examines the translation of the impersonal verbs of Biblical Hebrew to the Latin of
the Vulgate and its underlying principles.

dc.language.iso

value: de

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: impersonal verbs

value: Vulgate

value: Hebrew

value: non-canonical argument structure


dc.contributor.author

value: Kazanskaya, Maria N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kazanskaya M. N. Autumn Dreams: Servius on Aen. 6, 282–284. Philologia Classica 2017, 12(2), 142–153.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper examines an ancient superstition evoked in Servius’ commentary (Serv. ad Aen. 6, 284);
Servius mentions that, according to a certain authority on dreams, visions seen in the autumn months are
particularly untrustworthy. The first part of the article reviews other references to this popular belief (Plut.
Quaest. conv. 8, 10, 734d–736b; Alciphr. Ep. 2, 2; Basil. Ep. 207, 1). The second part attempts to reconstruct
the reasoning of the authority that Servius had used (qui de somniis scripserunt) and at the same time to
distinguish Servius’ own view on the matter. It is shown that, although the remark on the unreliability of
autumn dreams in itself is of little pertinence to the understanding of Virgil’s text, it is part of a larger, fairly
elaborate exegetical tradition that sought to establish a connection between Aen. 6, 282–284 and 6, 893–898.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Virgil

value: Servius

value: gates of dreams

value: ancient superstitions

value: Plutarch

value: Alciphron

value: St. Basil

value: Aristotle on dreams

value: Democritus on dreams