dc.contributor.author

value: Savitsky, Andrey I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Savitsky A. I. 2018 OVERCOMING FISCAL BARRIERS: SOME LESSONS FOR THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION. Pravovedenie 62 (2): 218–239.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article seeks to describe and evaluate the current state of fiscal barriers in the
framework of legal obstacles to the international trade, their forms and kinds, as well as
to reveal legal instruments used to overcome the barriers, which have been developed by
national and international practice, as a valuable experience for the Eurasian Economic
Union (EEU). The author consistently addresses the legal framework of the WTO, the European
Union, the EEU and international tax agreements, and examines the law enforcement
practice of international and national bodies on the issue under consideration. The
results of the research made it possible to conclude that in international practice there are
at least four concepts of ‘fiscal barriers’ depending on the applicable legal framework,
as well as rights and freedoms, the provision of which is declared as an important task of
an international organization (integration body). Depending on the concept of fiscal barrier,
legal means to overcome them are also distinguished. At the same time, there is a
mixture of several concepts of fiscal barriers and, accordingly, legal means of overcoming
them, in the legal base of the EEU which can complicate their practical implementation.
Considering the influence of the WTO and European Union law on the developing legal
base of the EEU, the author highlights the questions and potential problems that should
be in focus of the latter in order to perceive the best practices of the former. Also, the
work notes the sore points of the EEU legal base, which make it difficult to effectively
achieve the aims of economic integration. The article provides the first attempt to give a
comprehensive analysis of fiscal barriers and to identify mechanisms to overcome them
in the sphere of the post-Soviet economic integration.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения государственного задания Минобрнауки
России, шифр проекта: 26.12267.2018/12.1.

dc.subject

value: non-tariff measures

value: fiscal barriers

value: tax discrimination

value: protectionism

value: Eurasian economic union

value: fundamental economic freedoms

value: integration

value: liberalization


title: HUMAN BIOMATERIAL AS A LEGAL OBJECT

dc.contributor.author

value: Vasiliev, Gennady S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasiliev G. S. 2018 HUMAN BIOMATERIAL AS A LEGAL OBJECT. Pravovedenie 62 (2): 308–361.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the issues related to the rights to the examination of human biomaterial
after its separation from the human body. Biological samples are already recognized
as legal objects in other countries, and they are subjects to the regime of property rights.
In Russia, some private references to rights to examination biomaterial can also be explained
if only it is recognized as property and ownership object. As a rule, the rights to
such object belongs to the medical (scientific) organization, in which it was separated from the donor’s body. In the majority of cases, according to the current legislation, it is
referred to things that are used freely. Two generally recognized limitations of this ownership
right, namely, the need to obtain informed voluntary consent of the donor, as well as
the right to the protection of personal data of the donor, are investigated. It is concluded
that it is currently inappropriate to adopt a special federal law on these relations since
in Russia public relations about the biomaterial are just beginning to take shape. It is
desirable to publish explanations of the Supreme Court or the Ministry of health (as an
authorized body of executive power in the field of medicine). Such an act would combine
the achievements of law science and practice, but would remain an act of interpretation
and did not entrust the legislator with responsibility for inevitable errors. This would leave
room for their proper correction in the future.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения проекта НИР СПбГУ «Разработка
концепции правового регулирования и этических стандартов оборота биоматериалов
для генетических исследований, а также генетической информации»

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 62; Issue 2 (337)

dc.subject

value: legal objects

value: property rights

value: a biological sample

value: biomaterial

value: genetic information

value: personal data

value: a human body

dc.title

value: HUMAN BIOMATERIAL AS A LEGAL OBJECT

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Wudarski, Arkadiusz

value: Novikov, Andrei A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Wudarski A., Novikov A. A. 2018 DETERMINATION OF PARENTAGE: SELECTED COMPARATIVE LAW ISSUES — GERMANY, POLAND, RUSSIA. Pravovedenie 62 (2): 268–307.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper discusses selected legal issues related to establishing parentage of a child
and the possibility of reviewing such cases. The topic is presented from the perspective of
fathers since their biological heritage is most frequently questioned. The paper presents
a comparative analysis conducted on the basis of the case law of the European Court of
Human Rights and focuses on comparing Polish, German and Russian family law. Critical
remarks refer mainly to the lack of proper balance between the competing interests of the
parties, including time limitations which make the process of reviewing paternity impossible.
The study focuses on a unique procedure for determining parentage which came
into effect in Germany in 2008. This regulation should make it easier for close family
members to exercise their right to know their own identity without changing the established
legal paternity (Abstammungsklärung — § 1598a BGB). This article attempts to
find common ground between the sense of the quality of one’s life and the right to know
one’s own identity. The results not only contribute to the academic debate surrounding
these issues, but above all aim to improve the quality of law and thus the quality of family
life. In a broader context, the publication attempts to answer the question whether a repercussion
of the sense of the quality of life can be found in law? The statutes of law do
not apply to this concept; it is also not a criterion for their interpretation. However, the
absence of a direct reference to a sense of the quality of life does not mean that the term
is legally indifferent. The thorny path to improving the quality of life is often full of legal
difficulties, and the law is an extremely important element affecting the quality of our lives.

dc.subject

value: parentage of a child

value: establishment and reviewing of paternity

value: right to know one’s own identity

value: comparative law

value: family law

value: self-determination of a person

value: quality of family life


title: APPLYING COOPERATIVE GAME THEORY WITH COALITIONAL STRUCTURE FOR DATA CLUSTERING

dc.contributor.author

value: Staroverova, Kseniya Yu.

value: Bure, Vladimir M.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the work, a cooperative game where distance or similarity
of players may be defined is considered. A characteristic function is
defined in such a way that it is high for such coalitions which consist
of more similar objects than objects from other coalitions. We consider
the function which may not be superadditive that is why not only the
grand coalition but smaller ones can be formed and considering a game
with coalitional structure is reasonable. Therefore, we have a natural
transformation from a cooperative game to a clustering problem. Several
single-valued cooperative solution concepts are considered with this type
of a characteristic function and stability conditions are found.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: coalition

value: stable coalitional structure,

value: clustering

value: Shapley value

value: Aumann-Dreze value

value: ES-value

dc.title

filename: Буре, Староверова.pdf


title: Выставка-презентация «Ко Дню славянской письменности и культуры»

dc.description.abstract

value: С выставкой-презентацией можно ознакомиться здесь

dc.type

value: Presentation


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ  по информационным материалам запроса Центра по противодействию экстремизму ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области от 14.03.2018 № 26/3/187800832618

dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.subject

value: госорганы

value: экстремизм

value: Интернет

value: социальная

value: языковая

value: принадлежность

value: религиозная

value: национальная

value: расовая

value: ГУ МВД

dc.title

value: Other

filename: заключение 01-122-766.doc

format: Microsoft Word


title: Anti-neuraminidase antibodies against pandemic A/H1N1 influenza viruses in healthy and influenza-infected individuals

dc.contributor.author

value: Desheva, Yulia

value: Sychev, Ivan

value: Smolonogina, Tatiana

value: Rekstin, Andrey

value: Ilyushina, Natalia

value: Lugovtsev, Vladimir

value: Samsonova, Anastasia

value: Go, Aleksey

value: Lerner, Anna

dc.description.abstract

value:
The main objective of the study was to evaluate neuraminidase inhibiting (NI) antibodies
against A/H1N1pdm09 influenza viruses in the community as a whole and after infection.
We evaluated NI serum antibodies against A/California/07/09(H1N1)pdm and A/South
Africa/3626/2013(H1N1)pdm in 134 blood donors of different ages using enzyme-linked lectin
assay and in 15 paired sera from convalescents with laboratory confirmed influenza. The
neuraminidase (NA) proteins of both A/H1N1pdm09 viruses had minimal genetic divergence,
but demonstrated different enzymatic and antigenic properties. 5.2% of individuals
had NI antibody titers  1:20 against A/South Africa/3626/2013(H1N1)pdm compared to
53% of those who were positive to A/California/07/2009(H1N1)pdm NA. 2% of individuals
had detectable NI titers against A/South Africa/3626/13(H1N1)pdm and 47.3% were positive
to A/California/07/2009(H1N1)pdm NA among participants negative to hemagglutinin
(HA) of A/H1N1pdm09 but positive to seasonal A/H1N1. The lowest NI antibody levels to
both A/H1N1pdm09 viruses were detected in individuals born between 1956 and 1968. Our
data suggest that NI antibodies against A/South Africa/3626/13 (H1N1)pdm found in the
blood donors could have resulted from direct infection with a new antigenic A/H1N1pdm09
variant rather than from cross-reaction as a result of contact with previously circulating seasonal
A/H1N1 variants. The immune responses against HA and NA were formed simultaneously
right after natural infection with A/H1N1pdm09. NI antibodies correlated with virusneutralizing
antibodies when acquired shortly after influenza infection. A group of middleaged
patients with the lowest level of anti-NA antibodies against A/California/07/2009
(H1N1)pdm was identified, indicating the highest-priority vaccination against A/H1N1pdm09
viruses.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: Public Library of Science

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Abakumov, Evgeny

value: George, Shamilishvilli

value: Dmitry, Gabov

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shamilishvily, G., Abakumov, E., and Gabov, D.: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in urban soils of an Eastern European megalopolis: distribution, source identification and cancer risk evaluation, Solid Earth, 9, 669-682, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-669-2018, 2018.

dc.description.abstract

value: This study explores qualitative and quantitative composition of 15 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils of some parkland, residential and industrial areas of the large industrial centre of Saint Petersburg (Russian Federation) in Eastern Europe. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis on the PAH loading differences among urban territories with different land use scenarios. Benzo(a)pyrene toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) were used to calculate BaPeq in order to evaluate carcinogenic risk of soil contamination with PAHs. Results of the study demonstrated that soils within residential and industrial areas are characterized by common loads of PAHs generally attributed to high traffic activity in the city. Considerable levels of soil contamination with PAHs were noted. Total PAH concentrations ranged from 0.33 to 8.10 mg kg−1. A larger portion of high-molecular-weight PAHs along with determined molecular ratios suggest the predominance of pyrogenic sources, mainly attributed to combustion of gasoline, diesel and oil. Petrogenic sources of PAHs have a significant portion and define the predominance of low-molecular-weight PAHs associated with petroleum, such as phenanthrene. Derived concentrations of seven carcinogenic PAHs as well as calculated BaPeq were multiple times higher than reported in a number of other studies. The obtained BaPeq concentrations of the sum of 15 PAHs ranged from 0.05 to 1.39 mg kg−1. A vast majority of examined samples showed concentrations above the safe value of 0.6 mg kg−1 (CCME, 2010). However, estimated incremental lifetime risks posed to the population through distinct routes of exposure were in an acceptable range. One-way ANOVA results showed significant differences in total PAHs and the sum of seven carcinogenic PAH concentrations as well as in levels of FLU, PHE, FLT, PYR, BaA, CHR, BbF, BaP and BPE among parkland, residential and industrial land uses, suggesting the influence of the land use factor.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: polycyclic aromatic compounds, soils, enviroments, Saint-Petersburg

dc.publisher

value: Solid Earth

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Solid Earth, 9, 669-682, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-669-2018 © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.;


title: Неравенство экономического роста и расчет экономического эффекта производственной деятельности промышленных предприятий

dc.contributor.author

value: Величко, Елена Александровна

value: Давыдовский, Федор Николаевич

dc.description.abstract

value:
Проблема расчета экономического эффекта производственной деятельности  промышленных  предприятий в  настоящий  момент  единого  решения  не
имеет. По  нашему мнению, для решения данной проблемы необходимо определить математическое  выражение  влияния  ключевых  экономических  факторов производственной  деятельности, определяющих динамику экономии  постоянных и переменных издержек.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: Российская академия естествознания. Заочные электронные конференции. Научный электронный архив.

dc.subject

value: Экономический эффект, экономический рост

dc.title

description: "Основная статья"


title: Биогеография: концептуальные основы

dc.contributor.author

value: Петров, К. М.

dc.description.abstract

value:
В учебном пособии излагаются концептуальные основы биогеографии: вопросы происхождения и развития жизни, учение о биосфере, системный подход
в географии, арена жизни и биогеографическое районирование; базовые понятия ботанической географии как раздела общей биогеографии; биогеография океана,
понятия биосферы и цивилизации, их проблематика — концепция устойчивого развития и геоэкология, экологические вызовы, роль человека в современной биосфере и др.
Учебное пособие подготовлено в соответствии с новой учебной программой и предназначено для самостоятельной работы студентов 1-го курса по дисциплине
«Биогеография», студентов старших курсов по дисциплинам биогеографической направленности, а также магистрантов, специализирующихся в области биогеографии.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Биогеография: концептуальные основы

dc.type

value: Book

filename: Петров_Биогеография_Концептуальные основы.pdf


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ  по информационным материалам запроса Центра по противодействию экстремизму ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области от 25.12.2017 № 26/4595

dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.subject

value: госорганы

value: экстремизм

value: осквернение

value: свобода совести

value: свобода вероисповедания

value: символика

value: религиозный

value: объединений

dc.title

value: Other


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ  по информационным материалам запроса Центра по противодействию экстремизму ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области от 05.03.2018 № 26/3/187800690553

dc.subject

value: возбуждение розни

value: признаки

value: унижение

value: принадлежность

value: религиозная

value: национальная

value: расовая

value: ГУ МВД


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса Центра по противодействию экстремизму ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области от 25.12.2017 г. № 26/4596

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: свобода совести

value: свобода вероиповедания


title: Выставка «К 175-летию со дня рождения Михаила Дмитриевича Скобелева».

dc.description.abstract

value: Выставка, посвященная 175-летию со дня рождения М. Д. Скобелева.

dc.type

value: Presentation


title: Лекции по теории вероятностей

dc.contributor.author

value: Сахаров, Вадим Юрьевич

dc.description.abstract

value:
Учебное пособие написано на основе лекций, читавшихся автором на Биолого-почвенном Геологическом факультетах, а также отделений Почвоведения и Нефтегазового дела (ныне включённых в Институт наук о Земле) Санкт-Петербургского Государственного университета в течение двух десятков лет. В книге без использования традиционных для математики строгостей, излагаются основные принципы теории вероятностей. Некоторые из вопросов имеют оригинальную трактовку. В книге присутствуют некоторые параграфы, которых нет в других учебниках, описано актуальное в наше время компьютерное моделирование случайных величин.
Для студентов нематематических специальностей.

dc.subject

value: Вероятность

dc.title

value: Лекции по теории вероятностей

value: Book

filename: Лекции по теории вероятностей.pdf


title: Uranyl Sulfate Nanotubules Templated by N-phenylglycine

dc.contributor.author

value: Siidra, Oleg I

value: Nazarchuk, Evgeny V

value: Charkin, Dmitry O

value: Chukanov, Nikita V

value: Depmeier, Wulf

value: Bocharov, Sergey N

value: Sharikov, Mikhail I

dc.description.abstract

value: The synthesis, structure, and infrared spectroscopy properties of the new organically templated uranyl sulfate Na(phgH⁺)₇[(UO₂)₆(SO₄)10](H₂O)3.5 (1), obtained at room temperature by evaporation from aqueous solution, are reported. Its structure contains unique uranyl sulfate [(UO₂)₆(SO₄)10]8- nanotubules templated by protonated N-phenylglycine (C₆H₅NH₂CH₂COOH)⁺. Their internal diameter is 1.4 nm. Each of the nanotubules is built from uranyl sulfate rings sharing common SO₄ tetrahedra. The template plays an important role in the formation of the complex structure of 1. The aromatic rings are stacked parallel to each other due to the effect of π-π interaction with their side chains extending into the gaps between the nanotubules.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation through the grant
16-17-10085. Technical support by the SPbSU X-ray Diffraction, Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Microscopy
and Microanalysis Resource Centers is gratefully acknowledged.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: MDPI

dc.subject

value: nanostructured materials

value: nanotubes

value: actinide materials

value: organically templated compounds

description: Main article


title: Publications on different languages in citation databases, or if there is a chanse for russian language in science

dc.contributor.author

value: Moskaleva, Olga

value: Akoev, Mark

dc.identifier.citation

value: Университетская книга, 2018, №3б стр.42-45

dc.description.abstract

value: С ростом числа неанглоязычных учёных концепция lingua franca - единого языка науки - подвергается сомнению. Все ли знания должны излагаться на английском языке, как до того они излагались на латинском, французском и немецком? Радикально настроенные авторы говорят об английском языке как элементе империализма. Попробуем разобраться в том, какую роль и при каких условиях играет неанглоязычный научный текст.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Университетская книга;3

value: язык публикаций

value: индекс цитирования

dc.title.alternative

value: ПУБЛИКАЦИИ НА РАЗНЫХ ЯЗЫКАХ В ИНДЕКСАХ ЦИТИРОВАНИЯ, ИЛИ ЕСТЬ ЛИ ШАНС У РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА В НАУКЕ?

dc.type

value: Article

format: Microsoft Word XML


title: КОЭФФИЦИЕНТНЫЙ МЕТОД ПОСТРОЕНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ КАЧЕСТВА НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ОТРАСЛИ

dc.contributor.author

value: Величко, Елена Александровна

value: Давыдовский, Федор Николаевич

dc.description.abstract

value:
В настоящее время проблема методического обоснования показателей оценки качества работы структурных подразделений энергетических предприятий решается разными путями: посредством расчета показателя качества
труда сотрудников в системе премиальных показателей, оценки качества продукции с точки зрения отсутствия, либо наличия претензий и рекламаций конечных потребителей, методами стандартизации технологических и
трудовых процессов, другими способами, основанными на соответствующих методиках измерения качества. Данная проблема рассматривается авторами с точки зрения построения системы показателей качества с использованием коэффициентного метода расчета степени влияния основных технологических факторов деятельности естественных монополий, определяющих специфику производства, распределения и потребления энергии всех видов. В данном случае определяющим фактором для построения системы коэффициентов качества является специфика производственной деятельности основных и вспомогательных структурных подразделений предприятия, характер и содержание которой необходимо максимально учитывать. С этой целью авторами работы были выделены ключевые производственные функции, выполняемые этими подразделениями и сформированы соответствующие коэффициенты качества, позволяющие провести их количественную оценку. К числу таковых авторами отнесены: производство, транспортировка и распределение энергии; техническое обслуживание агрегатов
и установок; техническое обслуживание сетевого хозяйства; организация планово-предупредительного ремонта и т.п. Каждая из этих функций, в свою очередь, направлена на решение локальных задач деятельности предприятия, результаты решения которых должны иметь конкретные, измеримые величины, то есть показатели К их числу авторами отнесены, в частности, такие, как качество работы сетевого хозяйства, качество работы ремонтного хозяйства, качество работы основного производства, коэффициент эффективности работы основного оборудования и т.д. При этом целесообразно учитывать динамику данных показателей, основываясь на показателях, рассчитываемых методов соответствующих коэффициентов, что позволяет определить состояние качества тех или иных направлений деятельности энергетических предприятий.

dc.publisher

value: Научное обозрение. Экономические науки. – Пенза: Издательский дом «Академия Естествознания». – 2018. - №1.

dc.subject

value: коэффициенты качества труда, качество работы, система показателей качества

dc.title

description: "Основная статья"


title: Выставка «Знаменитые универсанты. Матвей Александрович Гуковский. Иван Иванович Толстой».

dc.description.abstract

value: Представляем вашему внимаю выставку-презентацию «Знаменитые универсанты. Матвей Александрович Гуковский. Иван Иванович Толстой».

dc.type

value: Presentation

description: Иван Иванович Толстой

description: Матвей Александрович Гуковский


title: Платность капитала и моделирование внутрифирменного расчета энергетической монополии

dc.contributor.author

value: Величко, Елена Александровна

value: Давыдовский, Федор Николаевич

dc.description.abstract

value: Плата за капитал в условиях деятельности энергетических монополий является основой формирования фондов экономического стимулирования и платежей. В статье рассматривается структура используемого капитала филиалов энергетической монополий, источники его возникновения и направления использования.

dc.publisher

value: Наука и образование в современной конкурентной среде: материалы V Международной научно-практической конференции (Уфа, 27-28 февраля 2018 г.). – Уфа: РИО ИЦИПТ, 2018.

dc.subject

value: Основной капитал, внутрифирменный расчет, плата за капитал

dc.title

description: "Основная статья"


dc.contributor.author

value: Drozdova, Polina

value: Lipaeva, Polina

value: Rogoza, Tatyana

value: Zhouravleva, Galina

value: Bondarev, Stanislav

dc.description.abstract

value: The Sch9 kinase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the major TOR pathway effectors and regulates diverse processes in the cell. Sch9 belongs to the AGC kinase family. In human, amplification of AGC kinase genes is connected with cancer. However, not much is known about the effects of Sch9 overproduction in yeast cells. To fill this gap, we developed a model system to monitor subcellular location and aggregation state of overproduced Sch9 or its regions fused to a fluorescent protein. With this system, we showed that Sch9-YFP forms detergent-resistant aggregates, and multiple protein regions are responsible for this. This finding corroborated the fact that Sch9-YFP is visualized as various fluorescent foci. In addition, we found that Sch9 overproduction caused cell elongation, and this effect was determined by its C-terminal region containing kinase domains. The constructs we present can be exploited to create superior yeast-based model systems to study processes behind kinase overproduction in cancers.

dc.language.iso

value: en

filename: 2018_Overproduction of Sch9 leads to its aggregation and cell elongation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.pdf


title: XXVI Международный российско-американский семинар в Санкт-Петербургском государственном университете (Санкт-Петербург, 11–12 мая 2017 г.)

dc.description.abstract

value:
В сборнике представлены материалы выступлений российских и зарубежных специалистов и молодых ученых на XXVI Российско-американском семинаре, организованном Санкт-Петербургским государственным университетом 11–12 мая 2017 г. Публикация затрагивает широкий круг актуальных проблем внутренней и внешней политики США.
Для специалистов и студентов — историков, политологов, международников, регионоведов, географов, а также всех интересующихся прошлым и настоящим США.

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.type

value: Book

filename: Международный рос.-амер. семинар в СПбГУ.pdf


title: Эволюция становления труда служащих и ее значение для современной теории и  практики управления

dc.contributor.author

value: Величко, Елена Александровна

value: Давыдовский, Федор Николаевич

dc.description.abstract

value:
Развитие  современной  теории  и  практики  управления  показывает,  что
возникновение  категории  служащих  явилось  естественным  результатом  развития общественного  производства.  Численный  рост  служащих,  усиление  их  влияния  на результаты  производственной  деятельности  предприятий  привели  как  к  повышению значимости этой категории работников, так и к закономерному процессу ее научного изучения.  Вследствие  этого,  вопросы  организации  труда  служащих  сегодня  активно разрабатываются представителями  самых  разных  направлений  экономической  науки, столь  же  значительное  внимание  уделяется  этим  вопросам  и  практикой.  Однако,
исторический  аспект  исследования  данной  проблемы,  по  нашему  мнению,  остается одним из важнейших в понимании роли и места служащих в развитии современных производственных  отношений.  Вследствие  этого,  предметом  рассмотрения  данной статьи  явился  ряд  концептуальных  положений,  определяющих  исторические закономерности становления и развития категории служащих, ее значение для теории и практики управления производством.

dc.publisher

value: Научный диалог: Экономика и менеджмент. Сборник научных трудов по материалам XIII международной научно-практической конференции 8 марта 2018г. -  Самара: Издательство ЦНК МОАН. 2018.

dc.subject

value: Управление  производством,  разделение  и  специализация  труда, служащие, функции управления, организация управленческого  труда.

dc.title

value: Article

filename: Статья08.pdf

description: "Основная статья"


dc.contributor.author

value: Kashevarov, Anatolii N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kashevarov A. N. Question of the Return of the Power of the Saints of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Context of the Stalinian Religious Throat. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 122–135.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The main purpose of the article is to present a comprehensive view of the fate of relics of Orthodox
saints in the context of state-church relations between 1943 and 1948, when a partial
revival of the traditional forms of church life took place. The policy of the Soviet government
aimed at normalizing state-church relations raised hopes among the believers and the hierarchy
of the Moscow Patriarchate for the return of the holy relics which survived during
anti-religious campaigns and were kept in various museums of the country. However, the
Council for the affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church did not intend large-scale return of the
relics to the Church, confining itself to only a few relics which were supposed to symbolize the
improvement in the position of the Church in the Soviet Union. On the basis of the archival
materials, primarily, the documents of the Council for the Affairs of the Russian Orthodox
Church under the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the letters of Patriarch Alexis I, the
article shows how the relics of ten Russian saints were returned to the Church thanks to the
persistent petitions of the clergy and believers who applied to the highest bodies of state power.
In addition to these historical sources, 20 research papers were used in the article. Unlike
the confiscation of holy relics in 1918–1920 accompanied by a “revelatory” anti-clerical propaganda
campaign, the partial return of the relics in the second half of the 1940s occurred as
if secretly from the society and was mainly witnessed by regular Orthodox church-goers. The
atheistic authorities did not want to attract public attention to individual cases of return of
the holy relics to the Russian Orthodox Church since it once again meant a partial revision of
the previous religious policy carried out in the 1920s and 1930s, contributed to the influx of
pilgrims and worshippers to the returned relics, and, consequently, to the strengthening of the
position of the Church in the Soviet society. A change of the attitude of the Soviet state towards
the Russian Orthodox Church in the second half of 1948 stopped the process of returning the
relics of the saints.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: relics of saints

value: Russian Orthodox Church

value: patriarch Alexis I

value: believers

value: Orthodox clergy

value: soviet state

value: I. V. Stalin

value: Council for the Affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church G. G. Karpov


dc.contributor.author

value: Isaev, Alexander A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Isaev A. A. The Discussion of Stalin’s Constitution in the Far East of the USSR. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 92–104.

dc.description.abstract

value:
On the basis of the archival documents of the State archive of Primorsky Krai (The Far Eastern
Region), the article examines the process of study, elaboration and discussion of the text of the
Stalin’s Constitution of the USSR of 1936, by the population of the Soviet Far East in the prewar
period. Upon adopting the constitution in 1936 the authorities developed a number of measures
of political and propagandistic nature with a view to popularizing the new basic law of the country
and IV Stalin’s report on the constitution an familiarizing the masses with them, taking full control
of implementation of the measures. The party and Soviet organization of the Far Eastern region
put in much effort in educating people and explaining to them the Stalin’s Constitution by convening
plenary sessions of the municipal, district and village councils; holding meetings of workers,
peasants, employees; organising special groups, events, public readings and discussions; distributing
literature etc. This work was undertaken among the ethnic minorities living in the region. The
following aspects were taken into account with regard to the work aimed at studying and discussing:
the number of organized meetings, debates, public readings; the number of people involved;
the range of questions raised; what seemed unclear in the text; who expressed disagreement and
in relation to which parts. The points of the Constitution which caused questions during studying
were determined. A special attention was devoted to the course of discussions, critical remarks and
constructive proposals, evaluative judgments and attitudes of the population to the main law of the
country expressed during discussions. The process of preparation for the new Soviet holiday — the
Constitution Day, which was one of the rare days off then, was of importance. For the authorities
the campaign was vital in terms of identifying the real attitude to it and to its activities, and reinforcing
the idea of the people’s nature of power in the mass consciousness.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Stalin Constitution

value: study the text

value: Constitution day

value: Stalin

value: counter-revolutionary and anti-Soviet statements

value: criticisms


dc.contributor.author

value: Dmitriev, Vladislav V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dmitriev V. V. The Role of Taurida Governors in Processes of the Emigration of the Crimean Tatars. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 41–53.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the role of local administration of Taurida province in the process of
emigration of the Crimean Tatars in the second half of the 19th — early 20th century. It is noted
that this problem has not adequately been addressed in historiography. The article explores
the reasons which forced the Crimean Tatars to leave their motherland. The author shows
the position of the tsarist government regarding the emigration processes taking place in the
Crimea. Contrary to the notion of a number of scholars, the author proves that the Taurida
governors did not contribute to the Tatars’ departure, but attempted at restricting it as far as
their authority was concerned. The article pays special attention to the measures adopted by
the governors in different spheres of life, which aimed at preventing the Tatars from emigrating
from the Crimea. Thus, the activity of the Taurida governor G. V. Zhukovsky, who did his
utmost striving to limit mass migration of the Tatar population abroad in 1860, is examined
in detail. It is shown that one of the problems causing the Tatars’ emigration was their weak
integration into the Russian society. The administration of the Taurida province looked upon
establishing secular educational institutions for the Crimean Tatars and their studying the
Russian language as a possible solution to the problem. It is noted that one of the destabilizing
factors in the region was poor socio-economic situation of the Crimean Tatars. It was not
possible for the Taurida governors to solve this problem on their own, but in their reports
and correspondence with the government officials they did not only stress the necessity of
addressing this urgent issue, but also suggested ways to resolve it. The article analyses the difficulties
faced by the leaders of the province in the implementation of the policy. In particular,
it is shown that the Imperial government did not always support the governors’ initiatives
while local officials abused their power taking advantage of the difficulties experienced by the
Crimean Tatars.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

value: Taurida province

value: the local governments

value: the Governor

value: the emigration

value: the Crimean Tatars

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sushko, A. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sushko A. V. ‘From Revolutionary Legality to Revolutionary Expediency: Evolution of Relations the GPU—OGPU and Prosecutors During the New Economic Policy (on the Example of the Omsk Irtysh Region)’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 70–81.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes the evolution of relations between the GPU–OGPU and prosecutors in the
Omsk-Irtysh region. It was shown that at the end of 1922 to the middle of 1927, prosecutors in accordance with
their mandate successfully carried out the state control over activities of the OGPU and its compliance with Soviet
legislation thereby performing in practice the idea of “revolutionary legality”. The character of relations prosecutors
and OGPU was changed in 1927. This is evidenced by the “Parygin case”. Security officers with the support
of the local party-state elite began to ignore the public prosecutor’s supervision, this discrediting the prosecuting
authorities. By the beginning of 1928 in Omsk Irtysh region prosecuting authorities had lost influence and did not
have the support of the party apparatus. With regard to citizens under investigation by the OGPU, prosecutors
could not fulfill their responsibilities for monitoring compliance with citizens’ rights and the Rule of Law in general.
Since the late 1920s, the need for ruling party in conduct of the OGPU’s repressive policy against wide social
groups led to the fact that is not prosecutors who oversaw the OGPU, but the OGPU which, in spite of the legislation,
conducted surveillance of the prosecuting authorities and reported its results to the party leadership. At that
time the OGPU was not supervised by prosecuting authorities, on the contrary, prosecuting authorities began to
be supervised by the OGPU despite Soviet Law. Such practices during the second half of the 1920s are evidence
of approval in Soviet society the primacy of “revolutionary expediency”, which comes from the OGPU, over “revolutionary
legality”, which were supposed to provide prosecuting authorities together with the courts. It became
the most important precondition for the spoiling of the NEP, collectivization and large-scale political repression.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 8; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: the GPU—OGPU

value: prosecutors

value: Omsk Irtysh region

value: legality

value: the New Economic Policy


dc.contributor.author

value: Golubev, P. S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golubev P. S. ‘Constantin Somov as a Subject of Omission in the History of Russian Art’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 165–177.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Konstantin Andreevich Somov (1869–1939) was one of the founders of the St. Petersburg art association
“The World of Art”. He belongs to the most significant representatives of Russian art of the late 19th and early
20th centuries. Even in Soviet times, his art was not completely banned for scientific examination. However, at
the present time, Somov’s life and art remain little studied, with all the interest to them from both the researchers
and the public. The range of problems discussed in connection with Somov is expanding very slowly. Usually it
is assumed that the reason for this is the inertia that has been preserved in Russian art history since Soviet times
(the artist left Soviet Russia in 1923 and did not return). However, even now there are issues among researchers
that are “not accepted” to touch. These issues are not related to politics, they are avoided to be called. It is about
Somov’s homosexuality, which he, at times implicitly, but invariably distinctly, reflected in his works. Without comprehension
of this problem, an integral interpretation of Somov’s art is impossible. The article shows how Somov
turned into a subject of omission. It also determines its place in Soviet and post-Soviet historiography and exhibition
practice. Some mechanisms of censorship and self-censorship within the scientific community are identified
and described on the basis of private correspondence between Soviet art historians and artists. The article is written
with the involvement of a large number of unpublished sources, including Somov’s testimony about himself; a
text of well-known publications is reviewed by comparing them with original manuscripts.

dc.subject

value: C. Somov

value: World of Art

value: Russian Art

value: Late 19th early 20th centuries

value: gender


dc.contributor.author

value: Strelkov, I. P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Strelkov I. P. ‘Foreign Policy Departments of the First Antibolshevist Governments: Samara, Arkhangelsk, Omsk’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 45–56.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the problem of creation of international departments in anti-Bolshevist governments
of Samara, Omsk and Archangel in summer, 1918. This period was crucial, as the Great war was coming to
the end, while the post-war peace conference was anticipated. The article clearly shows that these foreign offices
were created not only to solve major political problems, such as the Allied assistance to the Whites and their international
recognition. Basing on original sources from GARF, author has analyzed the structure, personnel and
major concerns of these bodies. The author argues that these departments were useful solving the problems of
foreign citizens and organizations found on the territories these government controlled. Among these problems
were both the old ones, left by the pre-revolutionary governments, and the new ones, brought by specific circumstances
of the civil war. For example, the relations between the local governments on the cause of borders, property,
contracts can be mentioned. Sometimes such cases turned out as difficult bureaucratic puzzles, concerning
several local and Allied institutions. Yet, they had shallow potential for governing Russian embassies abroad and
were unable to represent White movement at the coming peace conference in Paris. The destiny of these offices
was different: the international department of Komuch was dissolved, the same office of Archangel went on
solving local problems, while Siberian ministry was incorporated in Russian government of admiral A. V. Kolchak.

dc.subject

value: White movement

value: foreign policy

value: Komuch

value: Provisional Siberian Government

value: Provisional Government of Northern Region

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Terenteva, Ekaterina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Terenteva E. A. The Early Modern Genre of Cabinet in the Heritage of French Erudites. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 148–157.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Renaissance era gave birth to a new phenomenon in the European intellectual culture —
the phenomenon of the cabinet of curiosities. Simultaneously, a new genre of the same name —
the genre of cabinet — emerged in the Renaissance literature. Though not too popular, it
assumed different forms under the pen of different authors. In France its usage was mostly
connected with the erudite intellectual movement that had been formed during the reign of
Francis I and flourished in the second half of the sixteenth and the first half of the seventeenth
centuries. Interesting variants of the genre were provided by two prominent authors of the
epoch — an Arras clergyman Guillaume Gazet (1554–1612) and the future French royal
historiographer André Duchesne (1584–1640). Despite the difference between their social
status and professions, both Gazet and Duchesne belonged to the French erudite movement.
Having practically identical titles, “Cabinet of ladies” (“Cabinet des dames”), their works were
published almost concurrently at the beginning of the seventeenth century and demonstrate
two patterns of using the genre in the erudite intellectual circle. One of these patterns may
be characterized as pure erudite, or antiquarian; the other — as ethical, or moralistic. The
peculiar use of the genre of cabinet in the French intellectual circles enables to emphasize
certain distinguishing features of the French erudite movement in general, as well as to outline
the specific features of the intellectual life of the French society in the Early Modern epoch.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: erudites

value: historical writing

value: historical genre

value: cabinet

value: Early Modern France

value: André Duchesne

value: Guillaume Gazet


dc.contributor.author

value: Kulakov, Vladimir I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kulakov V. I. Prussian and Mazurian Derivatives of Two-plated Brooches. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 187–195.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents and analyzes all the array of derivatives of plate brooches found in the
burial sites of the Amber Coast and the Mazurian Lakes on the south-western outskirts of the
Baltic world. The author comes to the following conclusions: 1) double-plated, unadorned fibulae
were made by Baltic masters at the beginning of the VI–VII centuries; 2) at the beginning
of the VI century miniature copies of fibulae were often put in burials in Sambia. Copies of
brooches with oval plates were intended for male military sets in the Prussian culture; 3) in the
area of the Olsztyn group, along with reduced copies of plate brooches in the burials, their prototypes
of all three stages of simulation were represented whereas for the Prussian area only
copies of the plate brooches were relevant; 4) neither before nor after the VI century miniature
copies of the major details of the attire from the Prussians are not known. It is important to
note that after the turn of the VII–VIII cc. up to the pre-crusading period male burial sites
separate from female burials were not made.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Исследование выполнено в рамках плановой темы Отдела археологии эпохи Великого переселения народов и раннего Cредневековья ИА РАН «Культурные связи населения лесостепной и лесной зоны Восточной Европы в эпоху Великого переселения народов».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: the Baltics

value: The Migration Period

value: the Prussians

value: the Mazurian Lakes


dc.contributor.author

value: Kaminskiy, V. V.

value: Veremenko, V. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kaminskiy V. V., Veremenko V. A. ‘M. D. Bonch-Bruevich — One of the Founders of the Red Army: Pages of a Biography, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 57–69.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines the separate, little-known facts from the life of one of the founders of the Workers’
and Peasants’ Red Army (RKKA) Mikhail Dmitrievich Bonch-Bruevich. The authors draw attention to the willingness
and ability of the Major General to adapt to various changing circumstances, calmly stepping through
the rules of morality. In his officer’s youth for the sake of successfully continuing his career, he could expose his
ex-wife in an extremely “unprofitable light” by going through a divorce procedure and making the circumstances
of his personal life the subject of discussion not only of the spiritual court, but also of the higher authorities. Similarly,
already being under arms in the Red Army, our hero could calmly report on his colleagues. Such forms of
behavior no longer contradicted the “code of officer’s honor” and did not seem to be anything inappropriate to
contemporaries. On the contrary, they were supported in every possible way by the people in power, regardless
of the type of state structure that existed in the country. A real, far from rare, type reflects the priority of private
and material interests, which was formed in the imperial era among Russian officers, for the achievement of which
personal “ties” and “profitable acquaintances” were used. With “correct and skillful” use, interested individuals could “get out of the water”, from the seemingly most critical situations — from family breakdown and criminal
prosecution, to the destruction of the state administration.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 8; Issue 1

value: Bonch-Bruevich

value: noble family

value: divorce

value: officer

value: General Staff

value: OGPU

value: Red Army

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Halperin, Charles J.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Halperin Ch. J. How Quickly They Forgot: Ivan IV in Muscovite Historical Memory. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 223–243.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article deals with the history and historical memory of medieval Russia. Because sources
written after the death of Ivan the Terrible (1533–1584) figure prominently in historical
studies of his life and times, the accuracy of information about him in Muscovite historical
memory is a vital concern. Meanwhile, no one has systematically posed this question as far the
corpus of relevant sources as a whole is concerned. A comprehensive survey reveals that late
sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Muscovite texts contain a significant number of historical
errors. This article discusses the extent to which errors in later sources reflect ignorance of sixteenth-
century Russian history. Authorial ignorance of Ivan’s reign must be taken into account
in evaluating these sources. The author draws the conclusion that ignorance of Ivan’s reign in
Muscovite historical memory was far greater than has been appreciated. This situation may be
connected with a common feature of Russian culture: Muscovy remained a manuscript culture
at this time. But the author draws another conclusion: this ignorance was probably not a product
of Muscovy’s failure to join the Print Revolution. The virtual absence of print technology
in Muscovy might not have been the cause of ignorance of the reign of Ivan Groznyi in Muscovite
historical memory. The author “tentatively” formulated the following five observations:
the transition to print was a process, not a rapid “revolutionary” change; typographical errors
replaced scribal errors; bias, both dynastic and religious, dominated interpretations even in
relatively accurate histories; Printing did nothing to eliminate ancient myths and legends in
historiography; although printing could generate myths and legends about more recent rulers,
it is possible that printed histories avoided the most fantastic myths and legends about more recent
history. Historical memory is always selective, and errors of omission are just as erroneous
as errors of commission.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Ivan the Terrible

value: Muscovy

value: historical memory

value: printed books

value: manuscript sources


title: Current trends in labor taxation in an open economy

dc.contributor.author

value: Sokolovska, Olena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sokolovska O. V. Current trends in labor taxation in the open economy. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2018, vol. 34, issue 1, pp. 77–94.

dc.description.abstract

value: We analyze both the theoretical framework of labor taxation in the open economy and important current reforms of labor taxation in countries worldwide, including the introduction of a “social VAT” intended to replace labor income taxes due to wider tax base. In general, the theory of labor income taxation suggests that in a small open economy, the introduction of origin-based capital income tax is constrained significantly. Current tax theory considers reforms of labor income taxation related to the shifting of taxation from more mobile factors of production to the less mobile ones, taking into consideration the reduction of tax rates with simultaneous widening of the tax base. Such reform is intended to reduce the distortion effects of taxation and, as a consequence, to reduce the tax burden on labor in order to increase employment and economic growth. The empirical analysis is related to taxation of labor income in OECD countries. Using economic and mathematical modeling, we estimate the progressivity of the labor taxation and find that in a most OECD countries, both employees’ and employers’ social security contributions systems are regressive or flat, while personal income tax systems are progressive in all countries except Hungary. Moreover, in OECD countries with the highest GDP per capita, employees bear moderate labor tax burdens with simultaneously low employers’ social security contribution rates.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 34; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: personal earned income

value: labor taxation

value: open economy

value: consumption tax

value: social VAT

value: progressivity


dc.contributor.author

value: Vodopianova, Anna I.

value: Leonova, Liudmila A.

value: Novak, Anna E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vodopianova A. I., Leonova L. A., Novak A. E. The art market: Features of investing in works of pictorial art. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2018, vol. 34, issue 1, pp. 95–112.

dc.description.abstract

value: This paper estimates the attractiveness of investing in paintings relative to the stock market. The art market is analyzed in the context of heterogeneity in order to identify main trends, including an analysis of the number of lots sold and sales prices for different countries using an extensive sample of open results of painting trades (data obtained contains about 500,000 observations). Heterogeneity of the market is shown even in a separate segment of paintings. The composition of artists in quantitative characteristics, even within isolated groups, is extremely heterogeneous. Based on the sample of re-traded paintings, the effect of the relationship between price and the moment of sale of a painting (the survival model) is analyzed. The probability of selling a painting is estimated depending on the length of the lot placement. With the help of the accelerated life model, factors influencing the speed of the sale of the picture are estimated. The analysis was carried out for different regions of sale and different nationalities of the authors of the paintings. Results obtained can be used when considering investing in art as a tool for portfolio diversification.

dc.subject

value: fine art market

value: works of art

value: alternative investments

value: oil paintings

value: survival model

dc.title

value: Article

size: 1 MB


dc.contributor.author

value: Arzhakova, L. M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Arzhakova L. M. ‘“Poland, Oddly Enough, is an Unknown Country, Terra Incognita, for a Russian Person…”’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 130–141.

dc.description.abstract

value:
With the beginning of the First World War, the Polish question again declared itself, under the sign of
which the Russian Empire was for more than a century, but the idea of which in the Russian society was most
uncertain. To clarify the situation with regard to the past of Poland and the Polish question, the prominent Russian
historian N. I. Kareev took up hid pen. In his article of 1915, he outlined the circumstances in which the Polish question
had originated, evolved and manifested itself over the centuries. How N. I. Kareev presented to compatriots,
the Polish question, shows that his interpretation of the Polish question largely converges with the interpretation
of S. M. Soloviev, confident in the fact that “the Polish question was born along with Russia”. Kareev not only supported the Russian historiographical tradition, but also corrected it. On the one hand, he shared the semi-official
point of view on the partition of Poland, but on the other, stressed the predominance of geopolitical aspects in the
process, almost ignoring romantic references to the ethno-religious motives, which are often heard in Russian
historiography and journalism of XIX century This article N. I. Kareev, who has always advocated reconciliation
between Russians and Poles, can be regarded as an attempt to acquaint the Russian reader with Poland, which,
according to one of them, there are currently terra incognita.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 8; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Polish question

value: Russian studies in Polish history

value: partition of Poland

value: N. I. Kareev

value: S. M. Soloviev


dc.contributor.author

value: Clementi, Marco

dc.identifier.citation

value: Clementi M. The Italian Occupation of the Balkans and the Jewish Question during WWII. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 174–186.

dc.description.abstract

value:
With the entry into the war in 1940, first against France, then against Greece and Yugoslavia,
Italy tried to realise its old expansionist plans in the Balkans to control the Adriatic Sea and
the South part of Mediterranean, replacing the British power. In the annexed and military occupied
territories Italy established a harsh regime, which has only come to public conscience
in recent years, after decades of silence. At the same time, Italian generals had to face a brand
new problem, concerning thousands of Jews, local and foreign, who escaped to Italian zones in
France, Yugoslavia and Greece from the zones under German, Croatian and Bulgarian control.
In 1942 Mussolini was aware of the destiny which awaited the Jews after the deportation; in spite
of this, he agreed to surrender them to the partners of the Axis. In Mussolini’s opinion, any country
that dreamed of being a great power in the future was suppose to have have its own racial
policy. From this perspective, he was convinced that Italy should be “clean” of Jews in order to be
ready for the new era after the war. The Army “on the ground” refused to follow the orders and
found a way to avoid mass deportation to the death camps (Venrichtungslager), and only with its
defeat in September 1943, Germany and Mussolini could act freely, completing the destruction
of the Jews in North Italy and in the former zones of military occupation. In this context, the
deportation of the Jews happened not only because of German occupation, as many scholars still
maintain, but because of the previous policy established by Mussolini during WWII.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

value: Second World War

value: occupation

value: Jews

value: Italy

value: Greece

value: Yugoslavia

value: Balkans


dc.contributor.author

value: Weber, Dmitriy I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Weber D. I. The Specificity of the Formation of the Duchies of Courland and Semigallia in the Confessional Era. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 136–147.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the specific character of the process of secularization of the Order’s possessions
in the Baltic region. It explores the formation of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia as
a result of secularization of possessions of the Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order. The first
half of the 16th century had brought about political and religious changes of great importance to
the Baltic States, which had been associated with the spread of Protestantism in the region. Protestant
duchies were formed out of the possessions of the Catholic religious-military corporation.
The article focuses on religious questions in general and King Sigismund’s guarantees to the
classes professing Lutheranism, in particular. First implemented in 1525 by the Prussian Grand
Master, Albrecht von Brandenburg-Ansbach, secularization was then carried out in 1561 in Livonia
by landmaster Gotthard von Kettler. The process had resulted in the disappearance of
Ordensstaat as a political entity and changes in the political map of the region. The article also
analyses the meeting of the Order’s gebietigers on April 5, 1560, reflecting the mood within the
religious-military corporation before secularization, which was connected with the military and
political situation caused by the Livonian war, and religious issues. The given examples signified
the beginning of the age of Confessionalization as early as the mid-twenties of the XVI century,
i.e. somewhat earlier than it had been asserted in historiography).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article was prepared for the project of Russian Foundation for Humanities 16-01-00108 “Institutes,
theory and practice of Western European monarchies in the XVII–XVIII centuries”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Teutonic order

value: Reformation

value: Baltic region

value: secularization

value: Duchy of Courland and Semigallia

value: Gotthard Keller

dc.type

value: Article


title: Moscow Conspiracy of the Decembrists

dc.contributor.author

value: Belousov, Mikhail S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Belousov M. S. Moscow Conspiracy of the Decembrists. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 29–40.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides an insight into the important and crucial event in the history of the Decembrist
Movement — the Moscow Conspiracy. This episode is related to one of the first planned
attempts of the Decembrists on the life of an emperor. The subject has been widely covered by
historiography; nevertheless, the question about the real motives for the regicide plan remains
open. Research analysis reveals that even at the stage of investigation the government attempted
at concealing the peasant causes of the Moscow Conspiracy. This effort, which can be traced
in the report of the Committee of Inquiry, predetermined the perception of this issue by the
pre-revolutionary historiography. The attempts to revise this tendency were made. For example,
N. F. Lavrov tried to reconstruct the text of S. P. Trubetskoi’s letter and demonstrated that the conspiracy
was caused by the peasant issues. However, the concept of the Russian history, developed
under Stalin, changed the direction of the studies. Thus, M. V. Nechkina explicitly stated that the
main objectives of the movement were the deposition of the autocracy and the abolition of serfdom.
The idea of interpreting the Moscow Conspiracy as an attempted resistance of the nobility
to the authorities’ plans to liberate the peasants would have become.This view prevailed both
in the Soviet and foreign historiography for a long time. However, in the period of Perestroika
S. V. Mironenko in his monograph comes up with the opposite view on this issue, arguing that
the idea of regicide was related to Alexander I’s alleged plans of retiring to Warsaw and sending
the Manifest on the Liberation of the Serfs from there. This opinion was supported by many
scholars. Furthermore, two previously unknown primary sources, discovered by P. V. Il’in and
T. V. Andreeva, indicate that the causes of the Moscow Conspiracy were rooted in the fact that
in 1817 the Decembrists strongly objected to the idea of the immediate abolition of serfdom
carried out exclusively by the decision of the supreme authorities.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the grant of the President of the Russian Federation for the young
PhDs no. МК-5578.2018.6 “The movement of the Decembrists: from historiography to historical memory”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: the Decembrists

value: the Decembrist Movement

value: the Moscow Conspiracy

value: S. P. Trubetskoi

value: historiography

dc.title

value: Moscow Conspiracy of the Decembrists


dc.contributor.author

value: Steinberg, Mark D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Steinberg M. D. Vladimir Mayakovsky and the Utopian Imagination in the Russian Revolution. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 83–91.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article — the third part of a three-part series that reinterprets the “utopianism” of Russian
revolutionaries, especially the Bolsheviks — focuses on the perspectives of Vladimir Mayakovsky.
Part 1 described the basic theoretical approach: an alternative definition of the utopian
imagination developed after 1917 in the work of Ernst Bloch, Walter Benjamin, Theodor
Adorno, and others. In brief, this sees utopia as a critical analysis of conventional constructions
of reality, time, and the possible: as a critical negation of that which merely is in the name
of what should be, as a radical challenge to assumptions about what is possible and impossible
in the present, as a vision of time and history as containing the possibility of an explosive “leap
in the open air of history” (Benjamin). Utopian consciousness breaks into the normativized
world of knowledge and expectations about reality and possibility in history to reveal the
new and unexpected. This is utopia as radical epistemology, hermeneutics, and praxis. This
article focuses on Vladimir Mayakovsky (the previous articles discussed Alexandra Kollontai
and Lev Trotsky). Mayakovsky’s poetry visualized both the oppressive darkness of the lived
present and a world of possibility greater than the normativized reality of his own time. He
offered a counterreality of “Vladimir Mayakovsky” as utopian antithesis to the merely factual
reality of the present. He explored the conventional linear temporality of the world as given
and the possibility of an explosive leap into the future. Time was particularly important for
Mayakovsky’s poetic thought and is a central theme in all utopian thought. Like Kollontai and
Trotsky, Mayakovsky’s utopian impulse collided with the stubbornness of the present, with the
tenacious force of necessity. But the focus in all three articles has been on the spirit that led
them to attempt to leap into the clear, free, and unpredictable open air of history. This utopian
impulse was central to the experience of the Russian revolution for so many. We must recognize
their utopian “leap” even as we acknowledge the dystopian and catastrophic landing.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Vladimir Mayakovsky

value: the Russian revolution

value: utopianism

value: Russian revolutionaries


dc.contributor.author

value: Derbin, Eugene N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Derbin E. N. Chaotic Representation of the Relationships between Princes in the Ancient Rus’. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 286–300.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The review analyses the monograph by D. A. Borovkov “Relationships between princes in Rus’
in the late X — in the first quarter of the XII century and their representation in the sources and
historiography”. The work professes to contain general conclusions with respect to the research
topic, which is a pivotal topic in the Russian historiography of the middle ages. The author aims
at “reconsidering the question of the essence of the relationships between princes during the
initial stage of their development with a view to determining the degree of correspondence between
the “material of the sources” and any of the historiographical theories related to the field of
research, if possible”. This is where the main drawback of the monograph lies. The historiographical
theories the monograph refers to are not substantiated; contain numerous errors, gaps; often
represent frequently confused phrases and conclusions. The historical part of the work looks
better. The author sometimes boldly resolves minor issues relating to, for example, the questions
about where and when a particular prince reigned. However, the author, more often relies on
the opinion of A. A. Shakhmatov, trusting him a priori, or refers to the textual reconstructions of
other researchers. Thus, the monograph presents a skillful compilation from historiographical
conclusions by many researchers. The findings of Borovkov are the following. The relationships
between princes in Rus’ since the first division of principalities by Svyatoslav Igorevich in 970 are
presented as the development of collective co-ownership where the members of the princely
family, who had the right to participate in management, were equal. Only at the turn of the
XI–XII centuries the doctrine of the priority of “the oldest brother”, which the sources was associated
with the preceding period, was formulated in Pechersk monastery. However, the struggle
of “younger” princes for their rights made the “votchinny” (patrimonial) principle of succession
proclaimed as the official doctrine at the Council of Liubech in 1097 politically relevant during
that period. The princes’aspirations to individual power was perceived negatively. It remains unclear
to the reviewer where the author reconsiders the questions of the essence of the relationships
between princes and why he arrives at the final conclusion, contradicting the whole work,
that the relationships between princes in Rus’ can be characterized as kinship.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: relationships of princes in Rus’

value: historiography of Ancient Rus’

value: kinship theory

value: zemsky-veche theory

value: princes of the Rurik dynasty

value: stareyshinstvo

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Rupasov, A. I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rupasov A. I. ‘Soviet Export of Forest in the late 1920s — early 1930s and Competition on European Market’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 82–98.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the economic and political role of the USSR’s timber exports at the turn of the
1920s and 1930s. Solving the problem of obtaining currency for the implementation of ambitious programs for the
restoration and modernization of industry throughout the 1920-1930s remained a priority for the political leadership
of the USSR. Forest exports became one of the ways to replenish foreign exchange reserves, although not
immediately. The USSR in the specified period tried to agree with its direct competitors, i.e., Finland and Sweden,
on establishing beneficial prices for all the parties. The situation in the European forest market in 1931–1932 seriously
aggravated receipt of significant quantities of goods from Poland and North America. As a result, the problem
reached a completely different level with the League of Nations secretariat attempting to find ways out of the
crisis. Representatives of England, France, Germany, Sweden, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Czechoslovakia,
Finland and the USSR were invited to discuss the problem in Geneva. It was decided to include discussion of this
problem in the discussion program at the London Economic Conference in 1933. At international negotiations in
Copenhagen in 1935, market shares were determined for the USSR, Finland, Sweden, Poland, Austria, Romania,
Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia. The signed contract entered into force on December 1, 1935.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 8; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: forest

value: USSR

value: Finland

value: Sweden

value: Europe

value: export


dc.contributor.author

value: Sushkov, A. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sushkov A. V. ‘Power and Corruption: The “Chelyabinsk Leaders” Privileged Life in the Second Half of the 1940s’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 99–115.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the early postwar years, leaders of the Chelyabinsk region sought to significantly expand the privileges
that they had been given by the Supreme authorities. Yet still in the years of the war, regional authorities
withdrew an agricultural farm from the healthcare system and subordinated it so that its produce did not serve
hospitals and sanatoriums but fed the members of the regional authorities. After the war, at the expense of illegally
obtained incomes from the agricultural farm and also from the secret fund of the Chairman of the Executive Committee,
the “Chelyabinsk leaders” equipped and maintained luxury villas, arranged banquets and free lunches
for themselves, paid for apartments and got illegal cash benefits. They also planned to start up a luxury vacation
site near Chelyabinsk with hunting-fishing facilities. The way to the “beautiful life” of the Chelyabinsk authorities
was blocked by the Director of the agricultural farm who openly and actively opposed to the illegal transfers of
funds and advocated for the return of this farm to the healthcare system. The leaders of the Executive Committee
initially tried to persuade the much too principled and zealous Director, then moved on to intimidation and
eventually began to seek his conviction on criminal charges. After a period of hard confrontation the Director was
dismissed, his complaints to the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) and the USSR Prosecutor’s Office remained
without proper attention. Only when the Management of the Affairs of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) had
established the fact that over a few years the authorities of the Chelyabinsk region illegally provided themselves
with food products and did not pay for housing and utilities, when the Party Control Commission under the Central
Committee of the CPSU(b) declared them guilty, reprimanded and ordered to pay damages, the complaints of
the Director of the farm were admitted to further proceedings.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: A. A. Beloborodov

value: I. V. Zaikin

value: corruption

value: Chelyabinsk region

value: Party and State System of Power

value: Late Stalinism


title: On the Nation and Nationalism

dc.contributor.author

value: Buzin, Vladimir S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Buzin V. S. On the Nation and Nationalism. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 311–324.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to several problems, which are explored in the monograph by V. A. Tishkov
“The Russian people: the history and meaning of national identityˮ. The author of the
article perceives the terms “nationˮ and “nationalismˮ differently V. A. Tishkov. According to V. A. Tishkov, the term “nationˮ can be applied both to the population of the state and to the
ethnic group — the people. However, in the practice of the modern Russian language the term
“nationˮ is mostly perceived as “peopleˮ (ethnos). In addition, the “nationˮ as it is underastood
by V. A. Tishkov’s — the unity of the population of the state –indefinable and variable.
Undoubtedly, the term “nationalismˮ is supposed to be unambiguous — as a purely negative
phenomenon, which is its connotation typical of the modern Russian language. The author
of the article is also skeptical of the possibility of “nation buildingˮ, and, by and large, of the
idea that human history is determined by the will of the intellectual elite, and not by objective
laws of society. Despite the methodological disagreement, the monograph should not be be
assessed negatively, on the contrary, itdeserves a commendation. It is necessary to highlight
the historiographical aspect of the book — a detailed analysis of the use of the term “nationˮ
and “nationalismˮ in the Russian/Soviet social . What is more important is the fact that the
author of the monograph is not an indifferent “researcher of the issueˮ, but a citizen, a Russian
patriot, however stilted these words may seem. The book by V. A. Tishkov is not only of scholarly,
but also of social and political significance. It is from this perspective that acute problems
of the current Russian statehood in terms of its multi-ethnicity — the situation in the North
Caucasus, migration conflicts, ethical evaluation of events in the history of Russia, the status
of the Russians as its constituent ethnic groups etc. — are considered.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: nation

value: nationalism

value: social construction of reality

value: multiethnic state

dc.title

value: On the Nation and Nationalism

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Nefedov, S. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nefedov S. A. ‘The Unknown February Revolution (Part 2)’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 29–44.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The second part of the paper is devoted to the preparation of the mass demonstration on February 14,
1917. The mass demonstration was prepared by the “Working Group” of the Central Military-Industrial Committee
with the support of A. I. Guchkov and A. I. Konovalov, the leaders of this committee. It was assumed that the
100,000 workers gathered outside the walls of the Duma would demand that the deputies create the “Provisional
Government” responsible to the Duma and the “people”. It was planned to provide armed resistance in the case
the police and troops tried to break up the demonstrators, and therefore weapons were distributed at some local
factories. It was supposed that the protest would become the beginning of an armed uprising and revolution. The
activity of the workers was stimulated by the food crisis, which hightened its acuteness. In the absence of a ration
card system, the lack of bread gave rise to huge queues, which acted on the population more than any agitation.
According to the police reports, even those workers who were not interested in politics were ready to take part
in the mass demonstration. Some reports spoke of the preparation of an armed uprising. The authorities were
preparing for battles in the streets of Petrograd, a “protection plan” was developed, and police received machine
guns. At the same time, there was a sensation of insecurity and fear at the court. M. V. Rodzianko, Chairman of
the State Duma, tried to use these sentiments to get Nicholas II consent to create a responsible ministry, but this
attempt failed. The opposition leaders however feared a possible revolution as much as the authorities. Ultimately,
Miliukov and Rodzianko issued a call to the workers to refrain from mass demonstration — and it did not take place. The authorities appreciated this demonstration of loyalty on the part of the opposition and, according to
some information, Nicholas II decided to agree to the creation of the responsible ministry.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 8; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Russia

value: February revolution

value: demonstration

value: February 14

value: liberal opposition

value: Central Military-Industrial Committee

value: Working group

value: Responsible Ministry


dc.contributor.author

value: Nikonorova, T. N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nikonorova T. N. ‘The Azerbaijan Affair: Inspection of the Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan SSR in 1948’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 116–129.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article, on the basis of the materials of the archival funds of the Ministry of State Control of the
USSR, the Party Control Commission of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Secretariat and the Politburo, is
dedicated to the unknown aspects of the “Azerbaijan affair” and political processes in the Central Committee of
the CPSU in the summer of 1948. The “Azerbaijan affair” was an investigation of abuses of senior officials of the
Azerbaijan SSR. The revision of the government of the Azerbaijan SSR was approved by the Council of Ministers
of the USSR and personally by Stalin. The development of events from January to July 1948 became threatening
for the republic’s nomenklatura. The audit took place on a large scale; its conclusions could lead to serious
personnel changes in the republic and even criminal cases. Based on the analysis of the archival materials of the
Party Control Commission and the Central Committee of the CPSU on the case of the Deputy Chairman of the
Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan SSR Azizbekov it is possible to conclude that the attitude of the Party leadership
towards this affair changed in July 1948. The decision of the Party Control Commission’s Bureau to exclude
Azizbekov from the Party was withdrawn from Protocol of the Commission and adopted in a new edition after
another number, date and with another resolution (instead of the exception from the Party Azizbekov received a
severe reprimand). July 21, 1948, the Politburo Commission was formed, which included the first secretary of the
Communist Party of Azerbaijan M. D. Bagirov. Conclusions of the Commission, rehabilitating Azerbaijan leaders,
condemned the course of the audit and entailed resignations in the Ministry of State Control, were approved by
the Politburo. It can be assumed that a sharp turn in the “Azerbaijan affair” is connected with the regrouping of
forces inside the Central Committee.

value: Azerbaijan SSR

value: Ministry of State Control of the USSR

value: State Control

value: Party Control Commission

value: Central Committee of the CPSU

value: M. D. Bagirov

value: L. Z. Mekhlis

value: A. M. Azizbekov


dc.contributor.author

value: Bakanov, S. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bakanov S. A. ‘“The Unemployment Ghost”: A problem of Miners’ and Their Family Members’ Employment in Coal-mining Regions of the RSFSR at the End of the 1950s and the Beginning of the 1970s’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 195–207.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The elimination of unemployment in the USSR was considered as one of the most important accomplishments
of the socialist development model and its undoubted advantage over capitalist countries. Nevertheless,
in the second half of the 20th century unemployment was yet present in the Soviet economic realities though
it had an ideologically harmonious name “employment difficulties”. Evidence is presented from the papers from
the federal archives which have not been published before. The most difficult unemployment situation was in the
old industrial coal-mining regions: in the Donbass, in the Moscow-area coal basin and in the Urals at the end of
the 1950s and the beginning of the 1970s. In this period the coal-mining industry had difficulties in profitability
and social problems because of structural shifts in the economy which caused changes in the fuel and energetic
balance of the USSR. The women, teenagers and silicosis sick lost their job on mines which caused employment
competition in coal-mining-dominant cities at the end of the 1950-s. Shutting down scores of mines caused
unemployment problems for tens of thousands of people in old industrial coal-mining regions. Unemployment
here had a cellular nature; it hit coal-mining towns. Unemployment demonstrated the labor market tightness in
industrial cities. Major enterprises in such towns consumed up to 90 % of all industrial funds and staff which meant
that a jobless employee had no chance to get a new job in the same town. The government evolved a strategy to
overcome these unfavorable conditions. But due to the coal-mining specific character, the strategy wasn’t effective
enough and it only caused conservation of social problems in the coal-mining regions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РГНФ. Проект № 15-31-01226.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 8; Issue 1

value: history of coal-mining industry

value: miners

value: unemployment

value: USSR

value: employment difficulties

value: Soviet economy in the 1950–1970s

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Khramkova, E. L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khramkova E. L. ‘Review of the monograph: Buranok S. O. “Kuybyshev — zapasnaja stolitsa SSSR: obraz goroda v anglo-amerikanskom obshchestve 1941–1945 gg.”’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 218–225.


dc.contributor.author

value: Perrie, Maureen

dc.identifier.citation

value: Perrie M. Recent Western Historiography of the Time of Troubles in Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 244–261.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article reviews some English- and French-language works about the Time of Troubles which
have been published since the Second World War. The author notes that there are relatively few
such publications, and that there are no distinct Western “schools” of scholarship on the Time
of Troubles. Rather, a number of individuals have written about aspects of the Troubles which
interested them for a variety of reasons. The theme of pretenders has been a popular one. Philip
Barbour wrote a biography of the First False Dmitrii; while Yves-Marie Bercé and Maureen Perrie
have written about the phenomenon of pretendership, and the popular attitudes associated with
it, from a comparative perspective. Other scholars (Roland Mousnier, Chester Dunning) have
approached the popular uprisings of the Time of Troubles as responses to a “general crisis of
the 17th century”. Yet others took as their starting points parallels with more recent times. Paul
Avrich presented the Bolotnikov revolt as the first of a series of “peasant wars” that continued into
the 20th century; and Isaiah Gruber, in his monograph about the role of the Orthodox Church
in the early 17th century, identified similarities between the Time of Troubles and Russia’s post-
Soviet ills. Many of these historians were influenced in their approaches by current tendencies
in Western historiography and scholarship: comparative history; peasant studies; the history of
revolts and revolutions; the semiotics of cultural history; and the history of mentalités.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: historiography

value: Time of Troubles

value: First False Dmitrii

value: pretenders

value: general crisis of the 17th century

value: peasant wars

value: comparative history

value: peasant studies

value: revolts and revolutions

value: semiotics

value: mentalities

value: Russian Orthodox Church


dc.contributor.author

value: Rysakova, P. I.

value: Dmitrenko, A. A.

value: Bogomazov, N. I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rysakova P. I., Dmitrenko A. A., Bogomazov N. I. ‘The Image of the October revolution in Russian and Chinese History Textbooks of the 2000s’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 208–217.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The present article deals with the particularities of historical education in Chinese senior secondary
schools in the 2000s. It especially focuses on the Image of the October Revolution in today’s Russian and Chinese
history textbooks. The comparative analysis allows to demonstrate the differences in the interpretations of
this historical event in the history programs for the secondary schools of both countries. The particular features of
these interpretations largely depend on the current political and ideological agenda in each society. Our analysis
of the October Revolution’s image in contemporary history books of China and Russia serves to demonstrate that
the content of these texts reflects complex and multidirectional trends in the academic and political environment.
In both countries, the national history is reinterpreted under the influence of a political and economic course
towards international openness and integration into world economic and political structures. However, the details
of the image of the 1917 Revolution are already determined by the actual ideological agenda and the tasks of the
political system. In Russia, the Revolution is being conceptualized already in line with the movement towards
democratization, whereas in China its socialist character is emphasized, which is intended to justify the state
ideology of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ. Проект № 17-21-49001а(м) («Образ России и Запада в Китае в XX веке: эволюция, преемственность и фактор случайности»).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 8; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: educational policy

value: China

value: Russia

value: October Revolution

value: Great Russian Revolution

value: curriculum

value: educational standard

value: history

value: school textbooks

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Palamarchuk, Anastasia A.

value: Fadeyev, Ivan A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Palamarchuk A. A., Fadeyev I. A. Richard Hooker’s Doctrine of Royal Supremacy in the Church of England. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 158–173.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the doctrine of Royal Supremacy in the Church of England as formulated
by Richard Hooker (March 1554 — 3 November 1600) in his opus magnum ‘Of the
Laws of the Ecclesiastical Polity’. An attempt is made not only to describe the basic tenets of
the doctrine, but also to identify the sources used by its author. It’s demonstrated that there’s
an essential link between Richard Hooker’s soteriological and ecclesiological teachings, on
the one hand, and his vision of the state-church relations in England, on the other hand. The
Royal Supremacy remains a major element in the structure lying at the heart of identity of the
Church of England. The connections between the English monarch and the English church
emerged during the Anglo-Saxon period of the British history and were developed throughout
the Middle Ages. They survived a turbulent century of reformations and took new shape
and acquired new foundations without having lost the former ones. The authors also show
that Richard Hooker’s doctrine of Royal Supremacy was heavily influenced by the legal tradition
of civil law, formulated by Bartolo da Sassoferrato (1313 — 13 June 1357) and Henry de
Bracton (c. 1210 — с. 1268), which was instrumental in assuring a degree of continuity with
the medieval legal thinking on royal patrimonial dominion over a national church as well as in
creating an essential link between that intellectual tradition of civil lawyers and the 16th century
theological apologies of the Divine Right of kings. The Hookerian doctrine is reviewed
against a particular historical background embodied in one of the fruits of the Elizabethan
religious settlement, namely, the tradition of ecclesiastical conformism, which was widely held
throughout the reformed English Church in the late 16th — early 17th century. Contrasting
the former with the latter serves the purpose of demonstrating Richard Hooker’s innovative
approach to the doctrine in question.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Church of England

value: Royal Supremacy

value: Richard Hooker

value: Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity

value: civil law


title: Great Miscalculation of David Cameron

dc.contributor.author

value: Chepik, Victor N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chepik V. N. Great Miscalculation of David Cameron. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 301–310.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This review essay focuses on the monograph of the British researcher A. Glenkross. It is devoted
to the key topic in international discussions — Britain’s exit from the EU. In view of a plenty
of the literature appearing now concerning Brexit, A. Glenkross is one of the few scholars who
analyzes its political reasons. As follows from the book, the main reasons which have led to the
referendum on British membership in EU as well as to D. Cameron’s defeat were, firstly, the
results of 2015 UK General Elections. The vote revealed disagreements among British citizens.
According to D. Cameron, after improving the terms of membership the referendum was to
reconcile two opposing camps by the results of vote to which the minority would be compelled
to obey. Secondly, different political traditions of Britain and the EU that delivered discomfort
for the British political tradition and for the way of life. As a result, Britain tried to withdraw EU
from closer integration towards federal union getting the nickname of «the strange partner».
The author emphasizes that D. Cameron’s negotiations with EU prior to the referendum were
“the valiant final attempt to make it work for Britain, but for the majority of the British voters
EU has not proved sufficient flexibility”. Thirdly, the growth of political influence of Eurosceptics
led to the vote on EU membership. Lack of reforms within EU which could be suited with
the British played into the hands of Eurosceptics who claimed that the EU was unreformable
and heading towards federal union. Fourthly, there was organized and well-funded opposition,
namely, the Party of independence of the United Kingdom. In conclusion the author summarizes
that David Cameron’s gamble proved a great miscalculation with bad consequences for
the UK domestic as well as foreign policy in the near future. He claims that for the settlement of
constitutional issues a referendum as an element of direct democracy is not suitable.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Brexit

value: great miscalculation

value: referendum

value: renegotiation

value: Common market

dc.title

value: Great Miscalculation of David Cameron


dc.contributor.author

value: Popov, A. D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Popov A. D. Review on: Ivanova A. ‘Magaziny “Berezka”: paradoksy potrebleniia v pozdnem SSSR’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 226–231.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 8; Issue 1

dc.type

value: Article


title: St. Petersburg Scientific School. New Books on Modern History of Russia

dc.description.abstract

filename: 18-New Books.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Budanov, Andrey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Budanov A. V. Planning System in the Field of Rocket Engineering in the USSR before the Caribbean Crisis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2018, vol. 63, issue 1, pp. 105–121.

value:
The article presents a detailed analysis of the problems in the planning system in the USSR
before the Caribbean Crisis (The Cuban Missile Crisis). The author examines the problems of
the Soviet planning system during the period of reforms in management of industry and construction.
The article reveals specific features of the planning in the rocket production sector
in the USSR. It also describes the process of reorganization of the central and local government
bodies participating in making plans for the development of the national economy. Over
this period the State Planning Committee of the USSR had been divided into two departments
(for short-range and long-range planning) several times, and then they were again merged
in the uniform structure. Limited authority in the sphere of planning was also conferred on
councils of the national economy in regions of the USSR. Since 1957 the missile production
branch had been supervised by the department of the defense industry of the State Planning
Committee of the USSR. Since July, 1958 the chief special department of the State Planning
Committee of the USSR had been entrusted with planning of the rocket production, since
June, 1960 — the Third department of the State Planning Committee of the USSR. State Planning
Committees of federal republics were also reformed. Given the period of reforms, the
Soviet state had to establish a special interdepartmental body — the Commission of Presidium
of Council of ministers of the USSR on military-industrial questions in December, 1957 with a
view to coordinating planning and control of rocket production. The work of this body in the
sphere of planning was useful and productive. The discrepancy between the old principles of
five-year plans and rapid development of new rocket technologies posed a problem for the Soviet
planning during this period. Plans for production of rocketry often became outdated with
the emergence of more perfect samples of rocketry. For example, before the completion of
the development of the missile system “Dalˮ (Distance) it was replaced with a more advanced
S-200 system. Scientific and technical progress in branches of defense industry forced Soviet
authorities to reform the system of planning. However, decentralization and refusal to resort
to the directive methods of planning contradicted the Soviet practice of management. As a
result, after N. S. Khrushchev’s resignation reforms in the sphere of planning were suspended.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках проекта проведения научных исследований «Опыт мобилизации промышленности СССР на производство ракетной техники накануне Карибского кризиса», проект № 16-01-00250, руководитель А. В. Буданов.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 63; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: planning system

value: rocket production

value: military-industrial complex

value: government bodies

value: reform