dc.contributor.author

value: Nagaichuk, Andrei F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nagaichuk A. F. Socio-political technology of war and armed conflict: Some aspects of history and modernity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, pp. 281–295.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The theme of war worries everyone in the modern world, it is the most dangerous and largescale
socio-political conflict that has the prospect of developing to the level of a global catastrophe,
characterized as the “third world war”, “nuclear war”, “war with weapons of mass destruction”,
etc. Furthermore, the theme includes the whole complex of knowledge and events
that affect all spheres of social life and the scientific knowledge. Owing to its pervasive and
multidimensional nature, war is studied simultaneously within the framework of military history,
economic and the managerial paradigms, political-legal and the psychological realms of
research. At the same time, there is almost no serious and detailed study of this type of conflict
within conflictology, aimed at presenting an integrated and an interdisciplinary approach to
the most dangerous form of a large-scale conflict. The article is an attempt to understand the
essence and nature of war, its types and the forms of its manifestation, the foundations of
war, technology for the development of this violent social-political conflict and the goals and
functions it performs. The methods of theoretical analysis of a specific conflict situation, war
and armed conflict, abstraction, specification, analysis, classification, procedure of terms and
data operationalization and interpretation are used. Applied research methods are also used
(document analysis, observation, etc.). As a result, a socio-political model for analyzing the
technology of war is proposed, which characterizes its base, structural elements (tools, methods,
procedures, techniques, operations), and algorithm. In conclusion, derivative knowledge
about the main socio-political methods and technologies for study, analysis of modern wars
and armed conflicts, their peaceful regulation and peacekeeping is proposed.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 37; Issue 2

value: war

value: conflict

value: socio-political technology

value: peacemaking

value: regulation of conflict

value: peacekeeping


dc.contributor.author

value: Levit, Georgy S.

value: Hossfeld, Uwe

dc.identifier.citation

value: Levit G. S., Hossfeld U. Evolutionary theories and the philosophy of science. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, pp. 229–246.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Philosophical theories proceeding from the history of physical-mathematical sciences are
hardly applicable to the analysis of biosciences and evolutionary theory, in particular. This
article briefly reconstructs the history of evolutionary theory beginning with its roots in
the 19th century and up to the ultracontemporary concepts. Our objective is to outline the
dynamics of Darwinism and anti-Darwinism from the perspective of the philosophy of science.
We begin with the arguments of E. Mayr against the applicability of T. Kuhn’s theory of
scientific revolutions to the history of biology. Mayr emphasized that Darwin’s publication
of the Origin of Species in 1859 caused a genuine scientific revolution in biology, but it was
not a Kuhnian revolution. Darwin coined several theories comprising a complex theoretical
system. Mayr defined five most crucial of these theories: evolution as such, common descent
of all organisms including man, gradualism, the multiplication of species explaining organic
diversity, and, finally, the theory of natural selection. Distinguishing these theories is of
great significance because their destiny in the history of biology substantially differed. The
acceptance of one theory by the majority of the scientific community does not necessarily
mean the acceptance of others. Another argument by Mayr proved that Darwin caused two
scientific revolutions in biology, which Mayr referred to as the First and Second Darwinian
Revolutions. The Second Darwinian Revolution happened already in the 20th century
and Mayr himself was its active participant. Both revolutions followed Darwin’s concept
of natural selection. The period between these two revolutions can be in no way described
as “normal science” in Kuhnian terms. Our reconstruction of the history of evolutionary
theory support Mayr’s anti-Kuhnian arguments. Furthermore, we claim that the “evolution
of evolutionary theory” can be interpreted in terms of the modified research programmes
theory by Imre Lakatos, though not in their “purity”, but rather modified and combined
with certain aspects of Marxian-Hegelian dialectics.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: biological evolution

value: evolutionary theory

value: Darwinism

value: Lamarckism

value: research programmes

value: dialectics

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF

size: 2 MB


dc.contributor.author

value: Tsitkilov, Peter Ya.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tsitkilov P. Ya. Classical Eurasians on the civilizational identity of Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, pp. 256–267.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Philosophical and world outlook understanding of the problem of civilizational identity of
Russia acquires special relevance in connection with the preservation of the Eurasian civilizational
breakdown that arose at the end of the 20th century. To prepare a new civilization
project, it is important to use the theoretical legacy of prominent Russian thinkers, including
the classics of Eurasianism. The purpose of the article is an objective analysis of classical Eurasianism,
the comprehension of its most important provisions, taking into account the modern
realities of Russian society. Using historical and philosophical methodology, critical analysis,
methodology of civilizational theories, the author of the article substantiates the conclusion
about the scientific significance of the Eurasian concept of civilizational identity of Russia. Its
components are examined in a systematic form, such as the perception of Russia-Eurasia as
a whole civilizational continent of an equal Europe, the idea of a “symphonic personality” in
Eurasian culture, the idea of pan-European nationalism, the idea of establishing social justice,
the provision on strengthening the religious element to strengthen the spiritual principle, etc.
The article provides a critical analysis of some judgments of historical Eurasians, including
their idea of absolutizing the role of the state, the theory of “potential Orthodoxy”, etc. An
important conclusion of the article is the provision that Eurasianism is not a teaching hostile
to the West, but a different non-Western scientific perception of the historical fate and civilizational
development of Russia. Concrete examples substantiate the claim that it is necessary
to distinguish fair criticism of classical Eurasianism from its simplified and largely biased assessments.
The author of the article concludes that understanding the heritage of the classics
of Eurasianism is necessary to develop a social project for the cultural and civilizational revival
of the Russian Federation and the entire area of Northeast Eurasia.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 37; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: historical Russia

value: Northeast Eurasia

value: classical Eurasians

value: civilizational identity

value: Eurasian concept


dc.contributor.author

value: Osipov, Igor D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Osipov I. D. History of Russian philosophy at Leningrad-Petersburg university. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, pp. 247–255.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the features of the establishment of Russian philosophy as an academic
discipline at Leningrad-Petersburg University. In this regard, the work deals with the methodological
principles and guidelines for courses in the history of Russian philosophy by
professors P. F. Nikandrov and A. A. Galaktionov, ideological and philosophical foundations
of their study guides, and the novelty of their approach to studying Russian philosophy. It is
emphasized that this stage of the study of Russian philosophy at the Leningrad University can be characterized as critical; it made it possible to study in detail the concepts of many previously
unknown thinkers to the general reader. The article examines the specificity of teaching
Russian philosophy at the Department of the History of Russian Philosophy chaired
by professor Alexandr F. Zamaleev. The conceptual frameworks that formed the basis of
the new educational research paradigm are revealed. They were based on a comprehensive
analysis of Russian philosophy in the context of the development of Russian spiritual culture,
which made it possible to identify certain theoretical features in Russian philosophy:
anthropologism, moralism, historicism, epistemological realism, etc. Significant attention
in the article is given to the analysis of the methodology for the course “Political Thought
in Russia” at St. Petersburg University, its structure and basic methodological guidelines are
determined. It is argued that teaching Russian political thought was based on taking into
account the traditions of statehood and political consciousness that developed in Russian
society. The conclusion is made that in the process of the formation of Russian philosophy
as a scientific and academic discipline at Leningrad-Petersburg University, objective difficulties
arose in rethinking the methodology of historical and philosophical science as well
as developing a new paradigm of socio-humanitarian and philosophical knowledge.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by a Grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project
no. 20-011-0144 “The theoretical legacy of philosophy in Leningrad-Petersburg. Second half of the
twentieth century”).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Russian philosophy

value: culture

value: spirituality

value: personality

value: freedom

value: history


dc.contributor.author

value: Darvish Aghajani, Javad

dc.identifier.citation

value: Darvish Aghajani J. Assessing the explanatory power of naturalism in addressing ultimate questions. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, pp. 217–228.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A typical scientist has no responsibility other than to explain how a natural event occurred.
However, when a philosopher asks about the conditions under which a scientist’s explanation
is true, he is, in fact, raising an ultimate question, the concept which Karl Popper used for the
first time. Answering this question requires that no elements are neglected in the explanation,
and no significant factors in the explanation are overlooked. In other words, in explaining a
phenomenon, at any level of its explanation, there should be no remainder. These requirements
can be achieved through the full explanation. In the present article, by drawing on
concepts such as theory-ladenness of observation, underdetermination of theory by evidence,
and the role of models and metaphors in developing a scientific theory, it is illustrated that a
complete explanation includes both a scientific explanation and personal explanation. A personal
explanation comprises mental properties such as belief, desire, and intention, which are
irreducible to physical properties. Therefore, we cannot provide a personal explanation while
restricting ourselves to scientific methods. Consequently, it is argued in this article first, the
personal explanation is irreducible to a scientific explanation. Second, the personal explanation
is inevitable in order to provide a full explanation. Third, (methodological) naturalists
claim that the ultimate judgment of what is natural and unnatural is possible only by scientific
inquiry. Finally, accepting these three premises entails the inability of a naturalist to answer
ultimate questions.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 37; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: ultimate question

value: complete explanation

value: naturalism

value: personal explanation

value: reductionism

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Truong, Anh Thuan

dc.identifier.citation

value: Truong Anh Thuan. Conflicts among religious orders of Christianity: A study of Vietnam during the 17th and 18th centuries. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, pp. 369–378.

dc.description.abstract

value:
During the 17th and 18th centuries, the presence as well as activities of religious orders of
Christianity in Vietnam, predominantly the Society of Jesus, Mendicant Orders (Franciscan
Order, Dominican Order, etc.), and the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris, to establish or
maintain and strengthen the interests of some Western countries’ (Portugal, Spain, France)
missionary work in this country led to conflicts and disputes over the missionary area as
well as the right to manage missionary activities among religious orders of Christianity. From
1665 to 1773, the Vietnamese Catholic Church witnessed protracted disputes and conflicts between
Jesuits sponsored by the Portuguese and the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris backed
by France. While contradictions between them remained unresolved, from the first half of the
18th century onwards, conflicts and disputes between the Spanish Franciscan Order and the
missionaries of the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris continued to arise. This influenced
the development of Christianity in Vietnam during this period. Based on original historical
sources and academic achievements of Vietnamese scholars as well as international, this article
applies two main research methods of the history of science (historical and logical methods)
with other research methods (systemic, analysis, synthesis, comparison, etc.) to closely
examine the “panorama” of the conflicts between the religious orders of Christianity that took
place in Vietnam during the 17th and 18th centuries. The article analyzes the underlying and
direct cause of this phenomenon, making certain contributions to the study of the relationship
among religious orders in the process of introduction and development of Christianity in
Vietnam, as well as the history of East-West cultural exchange in the country during this
period.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Vietnam

value: Cochinchina

value: Tonkin

value: Society of Jesus

value: Society of Foreign Missions of Paris

value: Franciscan Order

value: disputes

value: conflict

value: Christianity

value: missionary area


title: Editorial

dc.identifier.citation

value: Editorial. Issues of Theology, 2021, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 128–129.

dc.description.abstract

value: Editorial

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 3; Issue 2


title: The thinning physicality of an artifact

dc.contributor.author

value: Shorkin, Alex D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shorkin A. D. The thinning physicality of an artifact. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, pp. 322–337.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article compares two versions of the development of cultural studies. In the first (wide)
version, culture is traditionally understood as the whole artificially created “second nature”.
According to the second, currently prevailing narrow version, the subject of cultural studies is
the mental (ideational) aspects of cultures; the physicality of artifacts is supplanted to the periphery
of research. A narrow interpretation of culture leads to a number of conceptual flaws
and thematic gaps. The prospects of cultural studies are seen by the author in the advantages
of a broad interpretation of culture. A model of the morphology of culture is proposed, which
includes the frontier, discursive practices, and core values. Three types of artifacts form the
frontier of culture on its border with the external environment (nature and other cultures):
artificial things, modified organisms and social institutions. The nomenclature of discursive
practices that make it possible to build a frontier includes knowledge, technology, and norms.
Their historical and cultural configurations undergo significant metamorphoses. A special
function of intergenerational translation of cultural achievements is performed by enculturation
technologies. The values of cultures are presented, first of all, by symbols. In addition,
they are transferred and rebuilt by simulacra, which are capable of performing both destructive
and creative functions. Symbols promote following traditions and, simulacra — enriching
or changing them. Symbols and simulacra direct the dynamics of cultures. To describe the
dynamics of cultures, it is advisable to use the synergistic concept of persistent and transmutation
attractors. In persistent attractors, cultures are delicately adapted to external challenges
they are accustomed to. A drastic change in challenges pushes culture into one of two transmutation
attractors, where it either perishes or gets a chance to become a civilization.

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 37; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: cultural studies

value: artifact

value: discursive practices

value: simulacra

value: frontier of culture

value: cultural dynamics

dc.title

value: The thinning physicality of an artifact

dc.type

value: Article


title: Man in a network society

dc.contributor.author

value: Markov, Boris V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Markov B. V. Man in a network society. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, рр. 194–207.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Today we are not talking about criticism of the traditional image of man, but about the end of
faith in human exceptionalism. The human rights movement is recognized as a form of logocentrism
and is shifting towards the protection of the rights of women, children, the disabled,
prisoners, migrants and other minorities. Voices are heard in defense of the rights of animals
and non-human beings with artificial intelligence (a pair of robots have already obtained citizenship
rights); scientists are discussing the possibility of reconstructing human beings based
on gene technology. A profound transformation of perceptions about man is taking place
in the models of the new network globalization, which replaces the liberal and conservative
projects of the unity of mankind. The development of PR technology, which dealt a blow to
the ideals of individual freedom and democracy in civil society, has turned man into a controlled
being. The order of a global network society is no longer determined by human criteria
of good and evil, but by information and financial flows. The digital revolution in work and
entertainment, education and culture, as well as economics and politics has led to the creation
of many digital counterparts, while man himself, deprived of the protection of the state and
society, has found himself in a situation of anomie and total loneliness. Thus, transhumanism
is no longer a mental experiment of marginal philosophy, but a post-human stage of civilization
development. Discussions about the future of a network society, artificial intelligence
and human construction based on gene technologies should not be perceived as intellectual
entertainment, which free minds have been exposed to in recent years. They should not be
neglected, because the more scenarios of possible development will be created and calculated,
the better humanity will respond to the next crisis.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research has been carried out with the financial support of a grant from the Ministry of Science
and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project “The latest trends in the development of the
sciences of man and society in the context of the digitalization process and new social problems and threats:
an interdisciplinary approach”, Agreement No. 075-15-2020-798).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: man

value: culture

value: civilization

value: network society

value: individualism

value: collectivism

dc.title

value: Man in a network society


dc.contributor.author

value: Kruglov, Vladislav V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kruglov V. V. Ontological-dynamic Concepts of the I Ching Tradition and the Model of their Linguocultural Analysis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2021, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 252–266.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The accumulated historical experience and rich cultural heritage of the pre-axial Chinese civilization
are concentrated and reflected in the ancient Chinese language. Therefore, linguistic
methods of studying traditional Chinese philosophy and its conceptual apparatus are becoming
relevant in modern Sinology. By focusing on the material of ancient Chinese philosophical
works, it is possible to reconstruct the conceptual apparatus of traditional Chinese philosophy
and culture in general, and some of the classics in particular. Among the sets of fundamental
terms, it is worth highlighting the compendiums by Chan Wing-tsit, Joseph Needham,
A. I. Kobzev, Wu Yi and A. M. Karapetyants, which formed the basis of this study. The object of
the study is the ontological-dynamic concepts, and its purpose is to develop a model of their
linguocultural analysis demonstrated on the example of certain terms, first of all, 人 ren, 德
de and 道 dao. The statistical analysis of conceptions of the I Ching tradition, namely “The Appended
Commentaries”, helps to construct a monocentric semantic field of ontological terms
with a heterogeneous core. This model of linguocultural analysis proves to be universal for
many philosophical concepts.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: China

value: Chinese language

value: linguoculturology

value: semantic field

value: compendiums of traditional Chinese philosophy and culture

value: ontological-dynamic concepts

value: Appended Commentaries


dc.contributor.author

value: Rean, Arthur A.

value: Stavtsev, Alexey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rean A. A., Stavtsev A. A. Protective and provocative family factors of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2021, vol. 11, issue 2, pp. 137–149.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the protective and the provocative family factors of aggressive behavior
in children and adolescents. The negative influence of aggression on the process of socialization
is described as well as possible ways of preventive influence to even out the negative influence.
During the analysis of scientific literature, including empirical studies of family factors
and their influence on the manifestation of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents,
two significant clusters are identified: a family’s socio-demographic factors and intrafamily
psychological factors as well as social attitudes. In this article, the authors describe a family’s
psychological factors, and social attitudes in terms of their protective or provocative influence
on the manifestation of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents, as well as in terms
of a possible preventive and/or corrective effect on these factors. The frequent manifestation
of acts of aggression, as well as the high level of aggressiveness and hostility of children and
adolescents relative to the average indicators of their society, is considered as a consequence of
deviations in the process of their socialization. The relationship between aggressive behavior
and socialization allow the authors to state the importance of a complex integrated approach
to the prevention and correction of the aggressive behavior of children and adolescents from
the “risk group” from such “agents” of socialization as family and school. The work also examines
current examples of complex preventive impact on the personality of a student with the
help of positive psychological interventions (PPI), based on the example of foreign experience
in the use of PPI. In addition, it substantiates the need for coordinated interaction between
the institution of the family and the educational institution for an effective positive impact
on the processes of socialization, as well as for the prevention and/or correction of aggressive
behavior of minors.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 11; Issue 2

value: aggression of children and adolescents

value: aggressiveness

value: socialization

value: family system

value: prevention of aggression

value: positive psychological intervention

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kornilova, Tatiana V.

value: Shestova, Mariia A.

value: Kornilov, Sergey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kornilova T. V., Shestova M. A., Kornilov S. A. Emotional Intelligence, Big Five Traits and Emotional Creativity in latent personality profiles. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2021, vol. 11, issue 2, pp. 123–136.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Studies in the last decade that examined the relationship among the traits that form a personality
profile, identified both the relationship between emotional intelligence and the Big Five
traits or focused on arbitrarily identified mediators and moderators in the system of measured
traits. However, our current understanding of the associations between Big Five traits and
emotional creativity (a trait related to emotional intelligence) is lacking. Thus, the objective
of the study was to identify latent profiles which represented homogenous subgroups of individuals
based on measured personality traits; and to compare the results from a variablecentered
approach and the person-centered approach (latent profile or class analysis). Design:
a total of 527 students participated in the study (395 women and 135 men, Min 17,
Max 43, M = 19.2, SD = 2.9), 402 were administered the complete assessment battery. The latter
included 1) the Ten Item Personality Measure (TIPI), 2) the Trait Emotional Intelligent
Questionnaire (TEIQ), 3) and the Emotional Creativity Inventory (ECI). The study shows
that the traits of the Big Five as expected were positively associated with all the subscales of
emotional intelligence. The analysis of latent profiles identified 4 distinct classes that do not
appear when correlation analysis was used in a variable-centered analysis. Specifically, it was
the properties of emotional intelligence that were the main group of discriminating variables
when establishing personal profiles. Among the Big Five traits, Emotional Stability and, among
the all emotional creativity components, Efficiency were the strongest discriminating factors;
the maximum contribution to the identification of personal profiles was made by the traits of
emotional intelligence.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: latent profiles

value: emotional creativity

value: emotional intelligence

value: the Ten Item Personality Measure (TIPI)

value: Emotional Creativity Inventory (ECI)


dc.contributor.author

value: Zehua, Lyu

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zehua Lyu. 2021. “The creation of China’s lenient punishments for those confessing to their crimes and accepting punishments in criminal cases and its theoretical reflection”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 401–418.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The reform to improve the system of admitting guilt and accepting punishment for leniency is
one of the important measures to “promote the reform of the jury-centered litigation system”,
which is parallel to the substantial reform of court hearings. After pilot reform, it was finally
confirmed by legislation. From the perspective of legislative norms, the leniency system of
confession to a crime and acceptance of punishment includes basic principles, applicable
standards for confession and acceptance of punishment, procedural norms and a system for
the protection of rights. From the analysis of its nature, it is a diversion mechanism of criminal
procedure, rather than a plea-bargaining system, which mainly implements the statutory
penalty and is supplemented by the application of discretion and also embodies voluntary
confession and other Chinese characteristics. The reform to the leniency system of admitting
to a crime and accepting punishment contributed to the development of the conceptual
and theoretical system of the leniency system and formed a series of theoretical systems for
pleading guilty with Chinese characteristics: the generation of the penalty theory of postcrime
behavior, a balance of justice and efficiency of the program from a simple theory, and
the development of the effective defense system in China. It is particularly noteworthy that
the system of admitting guilt and accepting punishment for leniency in China is a sentencing
negotiation system rather than a conviction negotiation system.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Сhina

value: reform

value: guilt

value: punishment

value: leniency

value: voluntary

value: plea bargain


dc.contributor.author

value: Mastilovich, Larisa

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mastilovich, Larisa. 2021. “The legal nature of pre-insolvency proceedings under Russian and European law”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 441–454.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides a critical analysis of bankruptcy prevention procedures in the context
of interactions between the principle of self-regulation (interaction between free legal will
of creditors and the debtor) and the principle “cross-class cram-down” (the right of a court
to prevail over the principle of self-regulation). The judicial authority, within the framework
of European preventive restructuring law, has the absolute right to discretionally decide on
any issue if it is approved by the debtor (freedom of entrepreneurial activity is guaranteed
to every solvent debtor). Interference in the business of the solvent and insolvent debtor by
judicial authority is not allowed in any other procedures including traditional insolvency
court procedures (the majority of creditors are empowered to make decisions). In all legal
orders, the traditional insolvency court procedures prioritize the principle of “majority of
creditors” to the principle of self-regulation in contrast to European preventive restructuring
procedures, where the principle of self-regulation dominates. Therefore, European preventive
restructuring cannot be unambiguously attributed to either a civil law legal nature or a
bankruptcy law legal nature. In Russia pre-insolvency procedures represent only the civil
law legal nature during all procedure. The author introduces new pre-bankruptcy terms:
“normative legal collectivity” — mandatory distribution of consequences to all parties, “actual
collectivity” — the voluntary consent of all creditors in a particular case and “regulatory actual
collectivity” — the requirements for voluntary consent of all creditors. The final result of the
European preventive restructuring procedure is unknown until the very end (the same for
traditional insolvency court procedures), while according to Art. 31 of the Bankruptcy Law
Act of the Russian Federation, the result is fully known from the beginning where it works
according to the principle: “either everything and immediately, or nothing”.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the RFBR, project No. 19-311-90063 “Debt restructuring as a
measure of bankruptcy prevention under European law”.

dc.subject

value: insolvency

value: legal nature

value: reorganization

value: pre-insolvency proceedings

value: bankruptcy prevention

value: preventive restructuring

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Brodsky, Alexander I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Brodsky A. I. Myth therapy. Notes on collective traumatology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 2, pp. 208–216.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the mechanisms for the formation of social myths, as well as their functions
pertaining to collective trauma, and puts forward three theses. Firstly, the characteristics
which turn text into myth depend not on its formal or essential features, but rather on its
perception (how the audience interprets the meaning of its constituent statements). Anything
can become a myth. Usually, a myth consists of depictions, statements, and explanations, that
is, descriptive utterances. However, to understand a myth is to know the preconditions not
for the truth and/or falsity of its constituent statements, but instead the implementation of
certain rules of conduct. A myth is a description interpreted as a prescription. This approach
makes it possible to understand how various scientific or philosophical theories, initially aiming
to describe and explain the world, turn into myths determining the social behaviour of the
masses. Secondly, a myth turns descriptions into prescriptions through “storytelling”. A myth
is a narrative which inevitably uses certain tropes essential for all narratives. The form of the
narrative makes it possible to establish a pseudo-logical connection between various “elementary
statements” capturing real or fictional events. Without such a connection, there is no
value and, therefore, no normative perception of these events. Thirdly, the transformation of
a description or explanation of a traumatic event into imperatives is the most important form
of the therapy of collective consciousness. A description of a traumatic event turning into a
call for action and construction of a new reality presents perhaps the only way to get rid of the
destructive consequences of psychological trauma, both at the collective and individual level.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research has been performed within the grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
no. 20-011-00124 “Transformation of the ethical culture under the influence of neurosciences”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 37; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: myth

value: imperative

value: norms

value: values

value: narrative

value: tropes

value: trauma

value: psychotherapy


title: The system of co-ownership in Japan

dc.contributor.author

value: Kim, Minju

dc.identifier.citation

value: Minju Kim. 2021. “The system of co-ownership in Japan”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 374–383.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The system of co-ownership in civil law affects various legal relationships, such as property
partnerships and co-heirs. This article introduces the general rules of the co-ownership
system in the Japanese Civil Code and explains how they are applied in harmony with the
regulations concerning property partnerships and co-heirs. In particular, it deals with changes
to regulations concerning partnership property and co-inherited property via a recent
amendment of the law of obligations and law of inheritance. There is a debate about whether
partnership property is shared jointly or collectively by the partners. This article, according
to the basic numerus clausus principle in the Pandekten system, suggests that collective
ownership should be stipulated in part on real rights and the premise that the provisions
of partnership property under the Japanese Civil Code refer to regulations reflecting the
collective binding of the German Civil Code. Despite the premise that co-inherited property is
shared jointly by each co-heir, some conflicts have arisen regarding the disposition of shares of
co-owned things and requests for refunds of deposits by partial heirs before a formal division
of inheritance. The revised civil code established new provisions to resolve these issues.
However, defining “joint ownership” in terms of statutory shares is taken as a basic rule while
the specific portion of co-heirs has not been determined, as noted in the article, and it results
in an unfair distribution of inherited property.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists No. 20K13370.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 12; Issue 2

value: revision of Japanese civil code

value: co-ownership

value: joint ownership

value: collective ownership

value: partnership

value: co-inherited properties

dc.title

value: The system of co-ownership in Japan


title: Preface

dc.contributor.author

value: Grishina, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Preface. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2021, vol. 11, issue 1, pp. 121–122.

dc.description.abstract

value: Preface

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 11; Issue 2

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kalinovskaya, Valentina N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kalinovskaya, V. N. (2021). The media space of the 19th century in the mirror of the Russian language: Lexico-phraseological aspect. Media Linguistics, 8 (2), 144–160.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The study of the history of Russian vocabulary during a particular period makes it possible
to identify dynamically developing groups of vocabulary that are united according to some
principle (lexical and semantic fields, word-formation nests and types). The differential principle
of forming a word list for the “Dictionary of the Russian language of the XIX century”
provides such an opportunity with regard to vocabulary and phraseology related to the thematic
group “journalism”. The article analyzes lexical neologisms (zhurnalizm, zhurnal’nost’,
gazetnost’) from the point of view of the verbalization of concepts related to the awareness of
a new socio-philosophical reality in Russian social life in the 19th century. The semantic content
of the word-terms is analyzed and chronological data regarding their appearance in the
Russian language are corrected. The broad lexical compatibility is considered with regard to su
ch lexemes as zhurnal’nyj (zhurnal’naja kritika; zhurnal’nyje stateyki, melochi; zhurnal’nyje vykhodki,
shutki, pochesti, zakidat’ zhurnal’noj gryaz’ju; zhurnal’nyj Aristarkh, zhurnal’nyj pisaka;
zhurnal’nyj syshchik, zhurnal’nyje psy, plutni; zhurnal’nyj frant, shut, etc.), gazetnyj (gazetnyj
mir, mirok; gazetnoje obshchestvo; gazetnyj yazyk; gazetnyje borzopistsy, gazetnyj genij; gazetnyj
vodovorot, gazetnyj tovar, etc.) in the texts of 19th century Russian authors; the emphasis
is placed on the special role of adjectives as markers of elements of a new social mentality,
conditioned by the formation of the “media space”. The article also analyzes the linguistic
facts that indicate the formation of evaluative vocabulary in this group of words (zhurnal’chik,
zhurnalishko, zhurnalets; gazetka, gazetishka, gazetenka, gazetchina), which serves as an indicator
of the attitude of society, as well as its individual members represented by the authors
of texts to the phenomenon of new literature. The results of the analysis carried out with
respect to the linguistic material presented in the article made it possible to characterize the
collected facts as objective evidence of the identification of the media space in the linguistic
picture of the Russian person’s world; the projection of the facts obtained in the course of this
study onto the previously studied linguistic material confirms the presence in this picture of
a certain matrix that organizes our ideas about the structure of social relations. The results of
the analysis, which showed the productivity of using historical-lexicological and lexicographic
methods in the study of actual linguistic material, can be used by researchers in various fields
of the humanities.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was performed with financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
within the framework of the scientific project “Russian language in the media space of the 19th century”,
no. 20-012-00413.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Russian language of the 19th century

value: media space

value: vocabulary

value: phraseology


dc.contributor.author

value: Diaghileva, Irina B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Diaghileva, I. B. (2021). The newspaper “Babochka” (1829–1832) as a linguistic source. Media Linguistics, 8 (2), 133–143.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the newspaper “Babochka” as an important source for philological research,
which objectively reflects the linguistic processes of its time. Translated articles selected
from leading periodicals in Europe and America, creatively revised by the authors,
included the Russian reader in the world media space. A differential approach is used in the
article that focuses primarily on the dynamic elements of the lexical and semantic system. The
newspaper presents the innovations of the early 19th century, including borrowings, foreign
language inclusions, complex adjectives formed in Russian, and dialect words. As a result of
the analysis of the source, the emergence of new meanings for words already in use was noted,
the dating of a number of new lexemes was clarified, and contexts for their semantization were
identified. The work concludes that the rare words and rare word usage recorded in the texts
of the newspaper “Babochka” can be considered as valuable materials for historical lexicology.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 20-012-00413 A
“Russian language in the media space of the 19th century”).

dc.subject

value: media linguistics

value: historical linguistics

value: linguistic source

value: borrowing


title: Johann Gottlieb Fichte as a theologian

dc.contributor.author

value: Lukyanov, Arkadiy V.

value: Pushkareva, Marina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lukyanov A. V., Pushkareva M. A. Johann Gottlieb Fichte as a theologian. Issues of Theology, 2021, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 243–253.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the philosophical work of Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762–1814)
in terms of his theological views. An analysis of Fichte’s accusations of atheism is provided.
The paradoxes of “spirit” and “spiritual” in human life itself and in Fichte’s own
doctrine of religion are considered. A creative reconstruction is carried out for those
parts of “science”, where the productivity of the very idea of theology and philosophy
of religion is presented. The article investigates the theoretical implications of the
idea of Fichte’s “I” and, on the basis of the inclusion of historical and philosophical
generalizations, the so-called “pre-Fichte” criticism of I. Kant. The relevance of the
philosophy of Fichte’s religion is revealed and its connection with the modern era is
investigated. The thesis that theology is the science of the Absolute as the subject of a
person’s creative search is substantiated. Also, the article supports the creative productivity
of the very idea of theology and philosophy of religion. The authors compare the
views of K. Forberg and Fichte. God, according to Forberg, is the regulatory principle
of ethics, and religion itself is not a theory, but the duty of a moral person. But man,
according to Fichte, is not called upon to create a moral “world order”. On the contrary,
he himself is created and supported by it. The work concludes that the time of
reason does not cover the entire totality of time. The people are not just the majority
of the population, their basis lies in the moral substance. Therefore, one of the main
tasks of the state is to develop the humanitarian culture of the people.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 3; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: the problem of the Absolute

value: the absolute I

value: theology

value: religion

value: the paradoxes of the spiritual

value: the creative productivity of ideas

value: the philosophy of religion

dc.title

value: Johann Gottlieb Fichte as a theologian

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sadova, Tatiana S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sadova, T. S. (2021). The language of folk dream-divination in the “Collection of materials for describing the terrain and tribes of the Caucasus” (1881–1915): The collection of M. A. Kharlamov. Media Linguistics, 8 (2), 161–168.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the linguistic features of folklore texts of dream-divination published by
Mikhail Kharlamov in the popular journal Collection of materials for the description of the area
and tribes of the Caucasus, published in Tiflis from 1881 to 1915. The regional and all-Russian
features of the unique folklore collection, which also reflected the individual characteristics
of the collecting style of Kharlamov himself who was one of the regular authors of this
journal, are described. The ethnographic and local lore orientation of most of the publications
and the patronage from the Caucasian educational district contributed to the fact that the
journal was perceived as a serious educational publication, therefore the language of its main
materials can be characterized as clear and simple, and the style as truly popular science in
modern terminology. It should be noted that when documenting some folklore texts, there is
a “forcible ennobling” of folk speech when, for example, in the recording of dream-divination
for the collector or editor, there are clearly literary lexical inclusions, which creates the effect
of a stylistic seam in the text of such a recording. Despite this, the constancy and stability of
the basic symbolic conditioning between the sign of a dream and its prognosis is revealed,
which, as a rule, have deep mythological foundations. The general Russian folklore unity of
the materials included in this collection is also emphasized, which manifested itself in the
organization of the dream-divination text, its lexical composition, and grammatical form.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: folklore text

value: journal of the 19th century

value: style of ethnographic publications


dc.contributor.author

value: Mozol, Tatiana S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mozol T. S. Evolution of Masculine Gender Stereotypes in Korean. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2021, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 212–233.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the study of the evolution of masculine stereotypes represented in
the Korean language. Language is an integral part of culture, it reflects changes in social consciousness,
while the lexis of the language is the first to react to sociocultural transformations
taking place in society. The material for the study was Korean traditional paremias, modern
proverbs, metaphors, and neologisms about men. Korean traditional paremias convey ideas
of hegemonic masculinity and ideas about the absolute superiority of men. Men in Korean
proverbs are portrayed from the positive side, they emphasize the dignity and various achievements
of men in every possible way. On the other hand, the linguistic material of the modern
Korean language allows us to say that conceptualization of masculinity is changing — the
male image becomes less authoritarian and new images of natural masculinity are appearing.
Contemporary Korean society is still largely androcentric, but society and language have undergone
numerous transformations over the years, and new more feminine images of men are
replacing the traditional male images of a patriarchal society. Thus, modern metaphors reflect
the perception of a person, regardless of gender: modern Korean metaphors about men have
much in common with metaphors about women. Modern proverbs about men convey ideas
that are opposite to traditional patriarchal ideas, they record a change in social roles and emphasize
the increasing social role of women. Korean neologisms represent largely feminized
images of men, portraying gentle, authoritarian-minded men with an interest in household
chores, fashion, and beauty.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 13; Issue 2

value: masculinity

value: gender

value: gender stereotypes

value: Korean language

value: transformation of social consciousness


dc.contributor.author

value: Karapetyants, Artemii M.

value: Timchishena, Elena A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Karapetyants A. M., Timchishena E. A. The Principles of the Formal Construction of the Lexical-Semantic Field in Modern Chinese. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2021, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 234–251.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents an attempt to formally construct a lexical-semantic field for the Chinese
language, taking into account the fact that the concept of such a field presupposes a certain
classification system of the vocabulary, which is divided into large and small groups ordered
in relation to each other. Due to the presence in the Chinese language of a large number of
copulative complexes, paradigmatic relations of semantic proximity are expressed in syntagmatic
relations of juxtaposition, which allowed the authors of the article to construct semantic
fields based on the data of normative dictionaries and vocabulary lists. This article presents
formal methods for constructing a semantic field for the modern Chinese language, a semantic
method for fixing the language. It is based on a graphical representation of combinations
of symbols (synographic images) and their explanations in dictionaries and wordlists of the
modern Chinese language. As typical examples, the sphere of designations of emotions and
verbs with the meanings of purchase and sale was chosen. The article defines the features of
the structure of the lexical-semantic field of the verbs of sale and purchase, reveals the lexical
units that are included in the core, near and far periphery. The material presented in the
article indicates that in the case of the Chinese language, a similar method of constructing a
lexical-semantic field can be applied both to tokens with an abstract meaning and to tokens
with a specific meaning.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: lexico-semantic field

value: binomial unit

value: copulative connections

value: core

value: near

value: far and extreme peripheries

value: lexeme

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Mokrushina, Amalia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mokrushina А. А. The Image of Authority in Basma Abd al-Aziz’s Dystopian Novel The Queue. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2021, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 132– 136.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents an overview of the new dystopia genre in Arabic literature as well as the
main reasons and prerequisites for its appearance. The interest of Arab authors in the newly
discovered genre of the dystopian novel has grown markedly, which is primarily due to serious
political, economic and social changes affecting the region. The situation in some Arab countries
offers many avenues in which society can develop, and literature was the first to respond
to this. Egypt has become one of the centers of global change that has affected the Middle East.
Young Egyptian intellectuals tend to soberly assess the situation that has developed since the
Arab Spring and writers have offered their own vision of the situation in the country. As an
example of a modern dystopia, the novel The Queue by Basma Abd al-Aziz was chosen. The
Queue does not have a traditional dystopian oppositional character. However, of the significant
images of the novel to which the writer draws attention is the image of authority, which
is impersonal and inaccessible to the common people. There is no mention of the name of the
country where the events of The Queue unfold, but the reader easily recognizes Egypt. In the
study a comprehensive approach was used, as well as cultural and sociological methods of
analysis and interviews.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: modern Arabic literature

value: novel

value: dystopia

value: authority

value: Egypt


dc.contributor.author

value: Aleksandrova, Maria A.

value: Fedorova, Olga A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aleksandrova, Maria A., Olga A. Fedorova. 2021. “Features of the legal regime governing the personal property of spouses in Russia”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 319–333.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the current state of doctrine and law enforcement practice on one of the
most pressing problems of modern family law — the regime of spouses’ personal property.
Currently, there are no serious doctrinal studies on this issue. A uniform practice of the Supreme
Court of the Russian Federation on some problems has not been established, on others
it raises more questions than answers. The authors of the article propose to start from the
understanding of marriage as a kind of economic union of a man and a woman and make an
attempt to develop an approach to determining the fate of income from the use of personal
property of each spouse, as well as the proceeds from the sale of such property, that is understandable
and convenient both for the spouses themselves and for third parties entering into
property legal relations with the spouses. It seems that the registration of a marriage should
lead to the consolidation of any property acquired during the marriage, with the exception of
that which is directly listed in the Family Code of the Russian Federation. The authors insist
that the exceptions to the general rule are not subject to broad interpretation in this case. Thus,
both the income received from the use of the personal assets of each of the spouses, and the
proceeds from the sale of such assets, should enter into common joint ownership. This approach
does not diminish, however, the right of any of the spouses to demand from the court,
when dividing the property, deviations from the principle of equality of the spouses’ shares in
the acquired property. This takes into account the contribution of each of them to the creation
and augmentation of common property, including through the investment of income received
from the use and sale of personal assets.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: common property

value: personal property

value: income

value: property regime

value: partial community regime


dc.contributor.author

value: Egorova, Mariia A.

value: Minbaleev, Aleksei V.

value: Kozhevina, Ol’ga V.

value: Dufolt, Alain

dc.identifier.citation

value: Egorova, Mariia A., Aleksei V. Minbaleev, Ol’ga V. Kozhevina, Alain Dufolt. 2021. “Main directions of legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in the context of a pandemic”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 250–262.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Artificial intelligence technologies are considered today as an integral part of the life of our
society. Problems and research on the use of artificial intelligence is carried out at the intersection
of many scientific fields. Jurisprudence is no exception. In recent years, there has been a
tendency to harmonize law in accordance with new challenges and global trends in the development
of the information society, which includes the introduction of information and communication
technologies into social processes. This causes a change in the system of public
relations and the formation of specific branches and sub-branches of law, in particular information
or digital law. The Russian Federation, like most modern states, has put forward serious
tasks to create a system of legal regulation of artificial intelligence. This issue has become
especially urgent in the context of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered the
expansion of the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies. The authors in the study
raise the question of the most important areas of regulation in the use of artificial intelligence,
primarily for sustainable economic development in a pandemic as well as for the activation of
innovative technological entrepreneurship. The authors analyzed strategic documents and the
legal basis for regulating artificial intelligence, science and technology of the digital economy
in Russia. Based on the study of foreign practices in regard to normative legal regulation of the
digital economy and artificial intelligence, the features of approaches in Europe and East Asia
are revealed. The problem of digital ethics and ethics of artificial intelligence in the context of
the COVID-19 pandemic is acknowledged, and the prospects for the development of Russian
legislation in the field of artificial intelligence are presented.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: legal regulation

value: artificial intelligence

value: pandemic

value: ethics

value: experimental legal regimes

value: personal data

value: information legislation

value: business legislation

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gizbulaev, Magomed A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gizbulaev M. A. Information about Dagestan in the Arabic Geographical Work Kitab al-a’lak an-nafisa of Ibn Rusta. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2021, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 187–196.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides information on the history of Dagestan in the 10th century on the basis
of translation, commentary and comparative analysis of excerpts from the Arabic geographical
work Kitab al-a’lak an-nafisa (Book of Precious Gems) by Abu ‘Ali Aḥmad ibn ‘Umar ibn
Rusta who lived and wrote in Isfahan at the turn of the IX–X centuries about the history of
the peoples of the Caucasus. As for information on Dagestan, Ibn Rusta’s work contains more
information than Ibn Khordadbekh’s and Ibn Faqih’s works. In his work, Ibn Rusta adopts the
ancient Greek theory of the division of the inhabited parts of the Earth into seven climates,
for example, he places the region in question in the sixth and seventh climates. Ibn Rusta’s
data on the geography and ethnography of northeastern Europe, as well as the political formations
in the Caucasus, are unique and significantly supplement the author’s predecessors.
The parts dedicated to Sarir, which gained its regional hegemony in the X century, are of particular
importance. The author of the current article compares several reports on Dagestan
from Ibn Rusta’s work with Ibn Khordadbekh’s Kitab al-masalik wa-l-mamalik and Ibn Faqih’s
Kitab al-Buldan in order to determine whether the origin of the material is the same for these
authors. As a result, only one passage was found that overlapped with the work of Ibn Khordadbekh.
Also, it is noted that N. A. Karaulov’s translation contains interpretative flaws and
some fragments from Ibn Rusta’s work are missing. The scientific significance of this article is
determined by the fact that its materials can be used in further source studies in writing the
medieval history of the Caucasus.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Ibn Rusta

value: medieval history of Dagestan

value: Kitab al-a’lak an-nafisa

value: Arabic geography

value: Muslim historiography

value: source study

value: Caucasus


dc.contributor.author

value: Can Emir, Badegül

value: Saraç, Hanife

dc.identifier.citation

value: Can Emir B., Saraç H. A Look at Yuri Bondarev in Turkey from Past to Present. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2021, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 282–292.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev is one of the well-known names of 20th century Russian literature,
and he is one Russian writer familiar to Turkish readers. A successful author of war prose, Bondarev attracted the attention of the Turkish audience with a wide range of literary works
which includes novels, novellas, short stories, poems, articles, essays, interviews, etc. In this
respect, the years in which he produced writings on the universal theme of war have an important
place in Turkish politics. Bondarev began to be published in Turkey during the politization
process following the military coup (1980) and he continued to be present in Turkey
until the day he died. Especially in the 80’s when he was adopted as a war prose writer he was
a guide for left-wing people in the struggle after the events of September 12. It is worth noting
that the recent significant increase of interest in Bondarev’s work among Turkish linguists and
philologists indicates that he is popular with the Turkish reader no less than the recognized
classics of Russian literature. In this article, Bondarev’s position in Turkey from past to present
will be analyzed in view of the studies on him in Turkish press and literature, and it will be
emphasized that the author engrossed the Turkish reader with his artistic expertise and the
ideology relayed through his works.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Turkey

value: Turkish audience

value: Yuri Bondarev

value: literature

value: Russian literature


dc.contributor.author

value: Zębek, Elżbieta

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zębek, Elżbieta. 2021. “Important issues in select European Union countries’ criminal environmental law in compliance with Directive 2008/99/EC”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 356–373.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article analyzes issues in criminal environmental law in Poland, the Czech Republic and
Germany, which implemented the provisions of the European Commission Directive 2008/99/
EC. The provisions of this directive changed the scope of protection of environmental resources
in these countries’ penal codes to varying extents. These three countries have been relatively
successful in comprehensively implementing criminal directive provisions. This included
changes in the special protection of Natura 2000 sites and ozone depleting substances. Legal
systems are generally based on prevention and risk assessment, and the basic conditions of
criminal responsibility for environmental crimes include “significant damage, causing damage
to the health of another or animals and plants, damage to other property and also water, air,
soil and environmental components which have significant value”. Additional aspects include
environmental damage over larger areas and restoration costs. However, the greatest current
problem is the vague definition of conditions of criminal responsibility, which makes it difficult
to enforce legislation. The following postulates de lege ferenda were formulated: clarify the
premises for offenses against the environment, specify the costs of remedying environmental
damage, define critical emission standards for environmental crime, as well as specify activities
in protected areas that threaten objects. This article emphasizes that an increased and better
definition of the conditions of criminal responsibility for environmental crimes enacted by EU
countries may contribute to more effective enforcement of infringements of environmental
protection law.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 12; Issue 2

value: criminal environmental law

value: implementation of provisions

value: system of national law

value: environmental resources

value: legally protected areas

value: crimes against environment

value: conditions of criminal responsibility

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Òkéwándé, Olúwọlé Tẹ́wọ́gboyè

value: Adébáyọ, Adéfúnkẹ ́ Kẹ ́hìndé

dc.identifier.citation

value: Òkéwándé O. T., Adébáyọ ̀ A. K. Investigating African Belief in the Concept of Reincarnation: The case of Ifá and Ayò Ọlópón. Symbolism among the Yoruba of Southwestern Nigeria. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2021, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 267–281.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The concept of reincarnation, a situation where a dead person comes back to life, is as
old as human beings. However, there is divergence in the belief among various religions.
African religion such as Ifá uses symbols to validate the belief in reincarnation. Ifá is the
foundation of the culture of the Yoruba people. The present study aims to define the concept
of reincarnation in Ifá and in ayò ọlọ́pọ́n to substantiate African beliefs in the concept
of reincarnation. No known work either relates Ifá with the concept of reincarnation or
connects ayò ọlọ́pọ́n with Ifá to solve a cultural problem. The present study fills this gap.
Symbolism, a mode in semiotics where an object signifies or represents something or
somebody, is adopted for the analysis of the study since symbolism is fundamental to Ifá.
The visitation of Odù in Ifá is related to the ayò game, linking the symbolism in both Ifá
and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n to the realization or application of the concept of reincarnation in human
life, especially among Africans and the Yoruba people. It is determined that there is synergy
between Ifá and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n, and reincarnation. The study concludes that reincarnation
is an encapsulated concept illustrated by Ifá and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n- the religious and social life of
the Yoruba people. African cultural symbols are tangible means of cultural heritage that
solve contemporary and controversial human issues such as the African belief in reincarnation.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Ifá

value: ayò ọlọ́pọ́n

value: Odù-Ifá

value: reincarnation

value: semiotics

value: symbolism

value: culture


dc.contributor.author

value: Dorskaia, Aleksandra A.

value: Dorskii, Andrei Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dorskaia, Aleksandra A., Andrei Yu. Dorskii. 2021. “Co-regulation as a way to improve the effectiveness of legal regulation in sports”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 263–275.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the article, the authors formulate a definition of co-regulation based on an overview of the
approaches available in documents and regulations from the European Union. Co-regulation
does not appear to be an intermediate form between state regulation and self-regulation,
but rather an independent method of social regulation that can significantly improve legal
regulation effectiveness. This is achieved by combining legal principles and norms and state
control over their implementation with a broad discretion of professionals in a particular field.
Sports is considered a classic case of co-regulation since all Russian sports federations pursue
the legally defined goals (development of one or more sports in the Russian Federation,
their promotion, organization, sporting events and training of athletes who are members of
national sports teams), achieve these goals to realize the legally defined rights and obligations,
and undergo evaluation for effectiveness and accreditation by the state. The article thoroughly
analyzes the history of adopting a package of amendments to Russian legislation in order to
introduce arbitral proceedings for athletes and coaches’ individual labor disputes in 2020.
This example demonstrates the weaknesses of exclusive state regulation of legal relations
in sports and the shortcomings of self-regulation. Specific problems are identified: their
solutions are quite complicated when one has to choose one of the above-mentioned models
or their combination, the status of “legionnaires”, duration of labor contracts, conditions for
paying salaries and others. The arguments in favor of introducing a national arbitration for
athletes and coaches’ labour disputes are considered. The status of Russian and international
sports federations is studied in terms of their classification as self-regulatory organizations
and the inconsistency of the independent status of sports organizations is demonstrated. In
conclusion, the authors propose an amendment to the Federal Law on Physical Culture and
Sports in the Russian Federation to legalize co-regulation in this area.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
A. A. Dorskaia’s research was funded by the RFBR, research project No. 20-011-00770 “The effectiveness
of legal regulation and overcoming crises in law: theoretical and historical-legal dimensions”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: self-regulation

value: co-regulation

value: legal relations in sports

value: labor disputes of athletes and coaches

value: arbitration

value: effectiveness of legal regulation


dc.contributor.author

value: Peng, Haiqing

dc.identifier.citation

value: Peng Haiqing. 2021. “Dialectical analysis of amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law of China in 2018”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 384–400.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law in China in 2018 mainly involves enhancing
the system for leniency based on admission of guilt and acceptance of punishment, increasing
the procedure of fast-track sentencing, improving the convergence norm between the Criminal
Procedure Law and the Supervision Law, and adding the procedure for trial in absentia. These
improvements and additions have positive implications for the implementation of a criminal
policy of leniency and strictness, for realization of the diversion of complex situations and
simple situations in the proceedings, for deepening the reform of the state’s supervisory
system, for realizing the people’s procuratorate’s effective performance of legal supervision,
and power and for effectively punishing crimes of corruption. However, there are limitations
in the amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law in 2018. In the future, the amendment to
the Criminal Procedure Law can adopt both the comprehensive amendment of the National
People’s Congress and the partial amendment of its Standing Committee, so as to promote the
amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law in a timely and comprehensive manner. In terms
of the amendment’s content, the judicial reform results and coordination between laws should
be fully considered. New regulations for the new law should be clear and enforceable. In regard
to law implementation, there should be sufficient time for implementation preparation after
the promulgation of the new law.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: amendment

value: Criminal Procedure Law

value: justice and effectiveness

value: Chinese plea bargaining

value: trial in absentia

value: state’s supervisory system

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Konkov, Vladimir I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Konkov, V. I. (2021). From journalism to journalistic style: The “Northern Bee” of 1847. Media Linguistics, 8 (2), 104–121.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the history of the formation of journalistic style. The text of the
media in its existence is always associated with the coordinates of social space-time, which
determine the time and place of its publication. Publicist texts currently operate in the
communicative environment of the media and the Internet. It is customary to talk about
the communicative environment of modern media. In addition to journalistic speech in the
communicative environment, the media also functions with other types of utilitarian speech:
advertising, public relations, and government relations. Journalistic style in its modern sense
arises when journalism and utilitarianism are distinctly combined in one text. This claim
requires confirmation on the basis of linguistic materials of Russian newspapers and journals
of the eighteenth-twentieth centuries. The article analyzes the publications of Thaddeus
Bulgarin’s newspaper “Northern Bee” — one of the most influential newspapers of the midnineteenth
century. The newspaper did much to ensure that society in the twentieth century
received influential printed media speech as one of the most significant achievements in the
speech practice of society. Bulgarin anticipated the appearance of publications based on the
speech concept of colloquialism. In the publications of “Northern Bee”, the beginning of the
transition from syntagmatic prose to actualized, which only a few decades later began to
appear in fiction, is well visible.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: journalism

value: journalistic style

value: media

value: tabloid

value: syntagmatic prose


title: Liturgical theology of psalm 120 (121)

dc.contributor.author

value: Pikovskiy, Iriney (hieromonk)

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pikovskiy I. V. Liturgical theology of psalm 120 (121). Issues of Theology, 2021, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 159–176.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Songs of Ascents (Psalms 120–134) can be understood as the songs of the pilgrims,
historically associated with Sion and symbolically with man’s journey along
the road of life. Included in this collection psalm 120 (121) is rather short and does
not contain references to historical events of the past. This is why probably it was left
without attention in Russian biblical studies. In foreign studies, this poem is often
interpreted as a private song of a pilgrim leaving his home, written in the form of a
dialogue between father and son (Bob Becking, Arthur Weiser, Klaus Seibold). Following
Sigmund Mouvenkel, Hans-Joachim Kraus and Marina Manatti, the author
of this article suggests a liturgical approach to the analysis of the psalm 120 (121).
The poem contains a rhetorical question from a pilgrim (v. 1), a priest’s answer
(v. 2) and words of consolation (v. 3–8). The theology of the psalm focuses the
reader’s attention on the role of YHWH, who in relation to man is not only the
creator, but also the helper, guardian, stronghold and cover. The peculiarities of the
“liturgical theology” of this hymn, according to the author, show that in the present
form, psalm 120 is adapted for liturgical performance. Consequently, the psalm was
primarily performed in the Jerusalem temple by priests or Levites, and afterwards,
it was sung by ordinary Israelites on their way back home.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 3; Issue 2

value: Bible

value: Psalms

value: exegesis

value: biblical theology

value: liturgical theology

dc.title

value: Liturgical theology of psalm 120 (121)


dc.contributor.author

value: Ezerinya, Svetlana A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ezerinya, S. A. (2021). Reviews of Russian periodicals in “The Journal of the Ministry of National Education”: Evaluative adjectives in an official government publication. Media Linguistics, 8 (2), 169–179.

dc.description.abstract

value:
By the 1830s, the role of literature and journalism in shaping public opinion and promoting
state ideology was growing in Russia. One of the first attempts of the government to take control of this process was the decision to publish The Journal of the Ministry of Education, with
a mandatory review of domestic periodicals. The most important communicative purpose
of the review of texts was to familiarize readers with the most important and well-meaning
publications of Russian-language periodicals from the point of view of editorial reviewers. The
inherent evaluative component of these texts is obvious, for the purpose of which all possible
linguistic means allowed within the official publication were used, a significant role among
which was assigned to evaluative adjectives and attributive collocations as the most capacious
and concise characteristics of the described object. The objects of macro-evaluation through
adjectives were peer-reviewed articles, their authors and periodicals on the whole; relevance,
quality, educational value, accuracy and usefulness of the publications, their compliance with
the official views, the author’s style, some individual facts of their content, etc. were subject
to adjectival micro-evaluation. In the journal’s reviews of Russian periodicals, there are approximately
100 different-typed evaluative adjectives, including both adjectives of general
evaluation (otlichnyi, otmennyi, prevoskhodnyi, khoroshii, etc.) and of a partial one. The most
commonly used of all evaluative adjectives throughout the existence of reviews were the adjectives
liubopytnyi ‘having cognitive value’ and zamechatel’nyi ‘worthy of attention’, which cover
almost all sections in the reviews. By the 1860s, the style of writing media-reviews in the journal
became well established. During this time, individual author’s words and attributive collocations
almost go out of use and rows of homogeneous attributes become rare. Additionally,
the range of evaluative adjectives involved is narrowed and impoverished, and they themselves
get an exclusively neutral stylistic colour, which is specific to the official publication.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was performed with the financial support of a grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic
Research “Russian language in the media space of the 19th century”, no. 20-012-00413/20.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: 19th century Russia

value: Russian periodicals

value: evaluative adjectives

dc.type

value: Article


title: Veneration of saints in Anglicanism

dc.contributor.author

value: Dementyev, Leonid I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dementyev L. I. Veneration of saints in Anglicanism. Issues of Theology, 2021, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 234–242.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Anglican Communion, which unites forty-one local Anglican Churches, traditionally
honors holy ascetics and heroes of the faith, among whom there are
both saints glorified after the English Reformation and general Christian teachers
and martyrs known to the Roman and Eastern Orthodox Churches. Some Anglicans
honor the saints, turning to the One God with gratitude for certain examples
of a great righteous life, and ask Christ to send down the same good deed. Other
Anglicans, on the contrary, appeal to the saint directly, like Catholics and Orthodox
Christians. By themselves, Anglican views are very specific and strongly
dependent on a particular church movement (there are “parties” of Anglo-Catholics,
Anglo-Orthodox, Anglo-Evangelicals, etc., who have their own opinions on
this issue), however, among the Orthodox there is a common misconception that
being a Protestant means unequivocally rejecting the cult of saints. In this article,
the author reveals in detail to the Russian reader the peculiarity of the Anglican practice of veneration of saints and provides examples of the presence of prayer
appeals to saints in modern Anglican practice, dispelling the popular misconception
about the lack of veneration of saints and appeals to saints in the Protestant
world.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 3; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: saints

value: Anglicanism

value: prayers

value: heroes of faith

value: Anglican Catholicism

value: Anglican Orthodoxy

dc.title

value: Veneration of saints in Anglicanism


dc.contributor.author

value: Horvath, Milos

dc.identifier.citation

value: Horvath, М. (2021). Historical forms of the journalistic communication style in Slovakia. Media Linguistics, 8 (2), 122–132.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The work is based on the presumption that the journalistic (publicistic or newly mass communication)
style is an integral part of the communication universe of people in the 21st century,
and its importance has increased in direct proportion with the rise of the influence of
media. In the specific conditions of Slovakia, the evolution of journalism was closely related
to the issue of language emancipation of the Slovaks and the strengthening of their national
awareness. In later phases, it was considered partially a hybrid style of public communication
that was created by a mixing of the official (also referred to as the administrative style and the
negotiation style in the past) and the scientific style as well as the belles-lettres style with the
aim to not only inform, but also educate, influence or persuade dispersive, heterogeneous addressees
in regard to the most current events having a broader social meaning. In the current
era that is influenced by the massive use of information and communications technologies,
the stylistic characteristics of texts in media significantly changes prevalently towards colloquialisation
which is closely related to the deprofessionalisation of the journalistic profession
and the creation of citizen journalism.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article is part of a grant founded by The Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of
the Slovak Republic, MŠVVŠ SR VEGA 1/0111/20 Communication Culture in a Gradually Democratised
Society.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Slovak national culture

value: stylistics

value: journalism

value: journalistic style

value: publicistic style

value: media communication style


dc.contributor.author

value: Antonov, Nikolay K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Antonov N. K. A review of research literature on the topic of the priesthood in the works of st. Gregory the Theologian. Issues of Theology, 2021, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 177–208.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the tradition of research on the topic of the priesthood in the
legacy of St. Gregory the Theologian from the 19th century to 2020. The review
includes general monographs on both the formation of the episcopate in Late Antiquity
and specifically the legacy of Nazianzen, dissertations, publications in periodicals,
dictionaries and encyclopedias on this topic, as well as on a wide range of
related topics, key publications and translations of the Apology on his Flight — St.
Gregory’s central text on the priesthood — in English, Russian, German, French
and Italian. The following periodization of historiography is proposed: the early
period (19th — middle of 20th centuries), theological studies of the Apology in the
50s–70s, studies and publications by J. Bernardi, the “new wave” of the 1990s and
its development in the 21st century. In the last period, three main trends are identified:
the Theologian’s texts on the priesthood are considered in the context of: the
development of the image of a monk-bishop in Late Antiquity; platonic political
philosophy; Gregory’s main theological concepts. The importance of research on
other aspects of Gregory’s work is shown especially the categories θεωρία/πρᾶξις
and his autobiographical texts. Two lines of further research are proposed as the most promising: intertextual analysis of the Apology and integral analysis of the
entire legacy of St. Gregory through the prism of the priesthood theme.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-311-90020.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 3; Issue 2

value: St. Gregory the Theologian

value: Gregory of Nazianzus

value: priesthood

value: historiography

value: Late Antiquity

value: autobiography

value: theology

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Vylegzhanin, Alexander N.

value: Kienko, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vylegzhanin, Alexander N., Elena V. Kienko. 2021. “Consultative meetings of non-Arctic states on the status of the Arctic”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 296–318.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article, in the context of the contemporary status of the Arctic, examines the legal and
political documents adopted by China, Japan and South Korea in regard to their arctic policy,
including those agreed upon by these three States. The alarming reaction to such documents
in the Arctic coastal states, firstly, in the USA and Canada, is also considered in the article.
Relevant western scholars’ arguments are scrutinized, such as the increase of “China’s military power”; China’s “insatiable appetite” for access to natural resources in the Arctic; the argument
that “China seeks to dominate” the Arctic and the situation when “the Arctic Council is
split”; the notion that China makes other non-Arctic States create separate legal documents
concerning the regime of the Arctic Ocean. The article concludes that the western interpretation
of such documents is alarming only in relation to China. The research shows that up till
now there are no grounds for such estimations of China’s negative role. However, statements
by Chinese officials as cited in the article and some provisions stipulated in “China’s Arctic
policy” contradict the common will of the Arctic coastal states in regard to the legal regime
of the Arctic Ocean as reflected in the Ilulissat Declaration of 2008. In such a dynamic legal
environment, new instruments of collaboration are in demand, which might involve China
and other non-Arctic states in maintaining the established legal regime of the Arctic. Thus, the
new instruments would deter the creation (with unpredictable consequences) by China, Japan
and South Korea of new trilateral acts relating to the status of the Arctic.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: non-Arctic states

value: Arctic states

value: legal regime of the Arctic

value: the Arctic Council

value: separate arrangements

value: alarming responses


dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanov, Vitaly L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanov V. L. Metaphysics of a forgotten tradition I. Introduction of the concept of “intrinsic modus of thing” by John Duns Scotus: From the theological explication of “infinity” to the metaphysical problem of “contraction of being”. Issues of Theology, 2021, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 209–233.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is the first part of a study on the notion of the “intrinsic modus” of thing
or reality in the metaphysics of the early Scotist tradition (first quarter of the 14th
century). This part of the study analyses the circumstances of the first formulation
of the notion of “modus intrinsecus” in the theological writings of John Duns Scotus
and identifies two main (and one additional) contexts for Scotus’s explication of
this concept, which will be important for the subsequent Scotistic tradition of metaphysics.
The article then puts forward a hypothesis about a historical shift in the
use of this concept based on an analysis of Scotus’s texts. Scotus initially introduces
it solely for a theological explanation of the concept of “infinite being”, but later,
in connection with his discussion of the reality of the concept of being, uses the
concept of intrinsic mode as key to his own solution to the metaphysical problem
of the “contraction” of the transcendental concept of being, which he thinks of as a
particular “modification”. Finally, the article identifies the main structural elements
in Scotus’s discussion of “intrinsic mode” and attempts to present the content of this
concept by distinguishing between intrinsic mode and Scotus’s other related metaphysical
concepts (quiddity, difference, property).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was written with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(RFBR), project number 20-011-00439 “Concept and reality. Theological foundations of
medieval ontology”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 3; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: High scholasticism

value: John Duns Scotus

value: Scotistic metaphysics

value: modus intrinsecus rei

value: the concept of infinity

value: the beginning of tradition


dc.contributor.author

value: Bogachev, Aleksei M.

value: Prilutsky, Alexander M.

value: Teplykh, Galina I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bogachev A. M., Prilutsky A. M., Teplykh G. I. Extremist behavior as an “act of communication”: A theological and psychological analysis. Issues of Theology, 2021, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 267–281.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article attempts to interpret extremist behavior in the adolescent and youth
environment as a kind of “act of distorted communication”. At the same time, if
such interpretations have been made within the materialistic (in particular, psychoanalytic)
paradigm for a long time, then the interpretation of the factors of extremist
activity at the junction of Orthodox theology and deep psychology is quite an
innovative approach. This approach allows us to correctly “decipher” the message
“embedded” in extremist behavior, and directly address the originally natural and
healthy needs of the soul distorted by this conduct. The article notes that theology,
especially practical theology, is able to actualize the spiritual needs sometimes hidden
in the subconscious of young people. As shown by the research conducted by
the team of the Laboratory of Religious Studies of the Herzen State Pedagogical
University, this is a result of young people conducting a persistent spiritual search
at the unconscious level. This search is largely conducted in a dimension that relates
to one of the commandments given to people by Jesus Christ: “You shall love your
neighbor as yourself ”. The article also concludes that the prevention of extremist
behavior in the modern Russian youth environment must necessarily include an
appeal to the immanent domestic culture of the need for participation and transcendence,
as opposed to both the cult of consumption and destructive ideologies of
an extremist nature.

dc.subject

value: theology

value: psychology

value: extremism

value: extremist behavior

value: adolescents

value: youth

value: soul

value: needs

value: ego

value: identity

value: ideology

value: interpretations

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Alfeyev, Hilarion (metropolitan of Volokolamsk)

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alfeyev G. V., Kyrlezhev A. I. Theology in the Church and at the secular university: Features and problems. Issues of Theology, 2021, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 130–145.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In an interview with Metropolitan Hilarion (Alfeyev) of Volokolamsk, several topics
are touched upon concerning the nature of Christian theology, the differences
between the theology of the Church proper, which exists in theological schools and
in the Orthodox theological community, and theology in universities, which is recognized
in Russia as a field of the humanities and a group of specialties for which
degrees are awarded. Theology as a field institutionally unites different confessional
theologies — primarily the traditional religious confessions: Orthodoxy, Islam,
and Judaism. Metropolitan Hilarion defends the idea that theology in this secular
space should be confessional, and therefore it is necessary to approbate theological
research by the relevant religious organizations. At the same time, Metropolitan
Hilarion supports the principle of academic freedom, meaning freedom of theological
research within the framework of religious traditions and referring readers
to historical examples that are the subject of patrology. In the second part of the
conversation, Metropolitan Hilarion describes his own path in theology — from the
first patrological works to the latest large-scale project of New Testament theology,
the fruit of which was a six-volume study dedicated to Jesus Christ as a historical
character and as a Man revealing God. This conversation, on the one hand, outlines
the position of the Church in relation to theology in its ecclesiastical and secular
dimensions, and, on the other hand, reflects the personal history of an authoritative
Orthodox theologian, who responds to the challenges of the time and offers a
modern interpretation of the main theological topics, while remaining faithful to
the unbroken church tradition.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 3; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Orthodoxy

value: Orthodox theology

value: academic freedom

value: patrology

value: Jesus Christ

value: New Testament theology


dc.contributor.author

value: Generalova, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Generalova, E. V. (2021). Media text as a reflection of dynamic chronological changes in vocabulary and phraseology. Media Linguistics, 8 (2), 180–192.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the informativeness of the media text in relation to the representation
of language dynamic chronological processes. A “dictionary” approach is applied, which is
based on the comparison of the language material of modern media with the representation of
outdated and neological vocabulary and phraseology in modern Russian language dictionaries
of different types. The article describes the functions of outdated vocabulary (traditionally
distinguished historicisms and archaisms) and neologisms in the language of modern media,
as well as the redistribution of vocabulary between active and passive language stock reflected
in the media text. Promptly reacting to all extralinguistic changes, the media text is a source
of neologisms in the language, a polygon for using the vocabulary of different epochs in actual
meanings and with modern connotations, also it sensitively responds to the process of
updating outdated vocabulary in the modern language and demonstrates the redistribution of
words and expressions between active and passive language stock. As a result of the analysis
of the vocabulary of different chronological layers in comparison of media language materials
with lexicographic data, the conclusion is made that when reflecting dynamic chronological
processes, the “media text dictionary” should be an interaction and be carried out in both
directions. On the one hand, dictionaries of modern Russian draw information about the real
functioning of the vocabulary of the passive reserve from the media texts. On the other hand,
the use of dictionaries by journalists and knowledge of the conditions for using both outdated vocabulary and emerging neologisms is necessary to avoid speech errors and to achieve the
goal of competently using this part of the passive stock of the Russian language.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant no. 19-012-00214 A
“Man and Society in the Mirror of New Russian Phraseology”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 2

value: historicism

value: archaism

value: neologism

value: media text

value: lexicography