dc.contributor.author

value: Bogoliubova, Natalia M.

value: Nikolaeva, Julia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bogoliubova N. M., Nikolaeva Ju. V. Foreign Cultural Policy of Modern Iran: Russian Vector. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2020, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 101–112.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article considers Iran’s foreign cultural policy after the 1979 Islamic Revolution. The authors
emphasize the main stages of the development of its ideological foundations and focus on its
modernization in the early 21st century. Special attention is paid to the analysis of substantive
foundations of the foreign cultural policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in particular, to how its
basic ideas, directions and forms have evolved since the 80-s of 20th century, when the highest
spiritual leader of Iran was Musavi Khomeini, and till present day. The article explores the concept
of the “Dialogue of cultures and civilizations” proposed by the President Mohammad Khatami
at the cusp of the 20th–21st centuries as an Iranian invariant of the Anglo-Saxon concept of soft
power, as well as a phenomenon of scientific-and-technological and cultural jihad, announced in
2010 by the Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. The authors conclude that in the early 2000-s
Iran’s foreign cultural policy underwent a major transformation, passing from the “cultural struggle
against Western influence” to the development of a “dialogue of cultures and civilizations.” The
foreign cultural policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is developing in many directions, analyzed
by the authors of the article, namely: classical and modern literature, filmmaking, classical and
modern music, science and education. Considerable attention is paid to the promotion of the Persian
language and development of tourism. The main directions of Iran’s external cultural policy
are also examined in detail on the example of cooperation with Russia and its individual regions.
IRI successfully implements various projects in Russia, in which the main goals and directions of
its foreign cultural policy, rich historical traditions of the country and its new achievements are
reflected.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 16; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Iran

value: Russia

value: Islamic cultural revolution

value: culture

value: international relations

value: foreign cultural policy

value: cultural connections

value: state image

value: cultural centers

value: Days of Culture of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Konkov, Alexander E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Konkov A. E. Digital politics vs political digitalization. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 1, pp. 47–68.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the issue of the digitalization concept when potentially applied to different
spheres of social development and, first of all, to the political sphere in terms of digital
economy. The usage of digital technologies in politics is analyzed through the prism of two
discourses: digital politics as the extension of digital technologies in political relations and
political digitalization based upon policy towards digital technologies in the economic and
social sphere. Within the first discourse mechanisms are identified for articulating political interests
through social networks (contraposition of twitter-diplomacy and twitter-revolution),
e-petitions and on-line voting. Within the discourse of political digitalization, the composition
of policy for digital economy development in the Russian Federation in terms of one of
the key national priorities for 2018–2024 is analyzed, which is increasing the introduction of
digital technologies in the economy and the social sphere. Also, it deals with the regulating
activity of the government as a whole for such a policy, which mostly includes efforts to design
and compose a national model for managing processes within the emerging digital context.
Both discourses demonstrate the trend for a deeper synthesis of technological and social development
processes, transforming into interconnected vessels with lesser dependency on any
intermediary activity of traditional institutions. The growing influence of digital frameworks
in world politics in general encourages the government to mobilize different available instruments
for mitigating competition risks within the non-likely controllable sphere of new social
relations.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и АНО ЭИСИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-011-31408.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 13; Issue 1

value: digitalization

value: digital politics

value: digital diplomacy

value: social networks

value: national projects and programs

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Fedorova, Elena A.

value: Khrustova, Lubov E.

value: Demin, Igor S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fedorova E. A., Khrustova L. E., Demin I. S. 2020. Completeness of non-financial disclosure by Russian companies: The influence on investment attractiveness. Russian Management Journal 18 (1): 51–72.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the context of the development of the digital economy, the role of a company’s information
transparency has become increasingly important. Alongside purely financial information, investors
are more likely to also take into account the disclosure of non-financial information in the
annual accounts. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the relationship between the
quality of non-financial information disclosure by Russian companies and their investment attractiveness.
To achieve this goal, we used the modern methodology of text analysis by creating
a unique dictionary and index which characterize the quality of disclosure of non-financial information.
The construction of a panel regression allowed us to empirically confirm the link between
the quality of non-financial information and different indicators of investment attractiveness of
Russian companies.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Russian Management Journal;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: completeness of information disclosure

value: disclosure of non-financial information

value: investment attractiveness

value: Tobin’s ratio

value: text analysis

value: GRI standards


dc.contributor.author

value: Rebiazina, Vera A.

value: Smirnova, Maria M.

value: Daviy, Anna O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rebiazina V. A., Smirnova M. M., Daviy A. O. 2020. E-commerce adoption in Russia: Market- and store-level perspectives. Russian Management Journal 18 (1): 5–28.

dc.description.abstract

value:
E-commerce market development depends on a configuration of factors which can both enable
its further development and hinder its adoption by consumers. In particular, emerging markets
provide a range of opportunities for e-commerce; however, they are also associated with specific
barriers, limiting the potential for fully exploiting these opportunities. With an Internet audience of
93 mln people, the Russian emerging market represents the largest online audience in Europe,
allowing it to stimulate substantial e-commerce growth over the last decade. The main objective
of this paper is to explore consumer perception of e-commerce adoption factors at two levels —
macro-level factors associated with the overall environment, institutional factors and trust; and
store-level factors associated with real consumer experiences. This multi-level approach reflects
the complexity of consumer thinking about the market — both in terms of the evolving environment,
which offers consumers opportunities to make decisions and purchases, and real experience, where
product factors influence particular consumer decisions and are weighed by consumers as pros
and cons. Our study is based on a survey of 3 387 respondents that represented the consumer
perspective. The findings reveal the structure of the driving and limiting factors, highlighting the
core role of the trustworthiness and transparency of the e-commerce market players, delivery
conditions, and store-related risks.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: e-commerce

value: adoption

value: emerging markets

value: factor analysis


dc.contributor.author

value: Partsvaniya, Vakhtang R.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Partsvaniya V. R. 2020. Profitability of multi-national corporations in the context of sustainable development: Scania business practices. Russian Management Journal 18 (1): 103–116.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this article, I explore the relationship between sustainable development and commercial
success by using the example of the multi-national corporation (MNC), Scania. Despite broad
discussion of necessity for businesses to be actively engaged in the sustainable development
goals at global and national level, only a small number of MNCs are actually taking concrete
action towards reaching any of them. In reality, corporations’ commitment to these goals often
remains of a declaratory nature. Actions by organizations to emphasise social responsibility
and environmental obligations have rarely been connected to generating income. This work
attempts to investigate sustainable development as a source of new business opportunities to
bring MNCs additional income. By looking at concrete business practices from Scania, I illustrate
how corporations may adjust their strategic behavior, approaches, and positioning in
the global market within the context of the sustainable development paradigm. The analysis is
based on the public account records and official documents of Scania, as well as the company’s
official website and open sources of information.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Russian Management Journal;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: sustainable development

value: multi-national corporations

value: Scania

value: business practices

value: digital technology

value: corporate social responsibility

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Fenenko, Alexey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fenenko A. V. Evolution of the nuclear deterrence theory in the US during the Cold War. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 1, pp. 111–135.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the formation of the conceptual basis of the nuclear deterrence/
containment policy. The author examines the evolution of US nuclear strategy during the
Cold War period (1946–1989). American experts of nuclear deterrence theory agreed that
the threat to the enemy must be realistic. The opponent must be restrained not only by the threat itself, but also by the fact that he believes in it. This was the basis of the evolution of US
nuclear doctrines. The author sets out to prove three main points. First, the concept of nuclear
deterrence/ containment is a brainchild of the US nuclear strategy. (Other nuclear states have
borrowed some particular elements of the US nuclear strategy and attempt to adapt them to
their strategic policies). Second, the basis of the nuclear deterrence/ containment concept was
developed and tested in the USA in the latter half of the 20th century. Third, the ideas adopted
during the Cold War period still determine the US nuclear strategy development, which
enables us to predict its main trends. The author, also, demonstrates that, despite its aggressive
stance, the US nuclear containment concept was mainly defensive. By the late 1980s, it was
clear that the nuclear containment concept was undergoing a certain crisis, thus giving rise to
the development of the concept of nuclear deterrence.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 13; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: nuclear weapons

value: nuclear deterrence

value: missile defense

value: USA

value: USSR

value: cold war

value: air power

value: strategic parity

value: war


dc.contributor.author

value: Ngampramuan, Soavapa

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ngampramuan Soavapa. Evaluation of the sub-regional integration of the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) and its effects on Thailand’s domestic economy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 1, pp. 96–110.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper aims to investigate the sub-regional integration dynamics exhibited in the Greater
Mekong Sub-region (GMS) process and its impact on Thailand’s economic development. Subregionalism
assumes that sub-regional integration processes are based on geographic proximity,
local business and governmental actors, and a shared historical and cultural awareness.
The GMS includes Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, which have
been engaged in this cooperation since 1992. Among these countries in Southeast Asia, Thailand
has the largest economy, and it has a strong interest in supporting sub-regional integration
with the GMS countries, because it includes Thai national economic development policy
and government projects, which are also supported by Thailand’s business sector. Indeed,
there are clearly observable economic impacts, since Thailand’s border regions profit from a
growing trans-border economy between Thailand and the other GMS countries. This paper
will examine how the GMS Strategic Framework (SF) II (2012–2018) relates to Thailand’s development
strategies and will analyse the implications with regard to economic corridor and
transport development in the context of the 2012–2018 strategy. Such an enquiry is especially
relevant considering that Thailand promotes the development of economic corridors and the
facilitation of cross-border economic activities to link with neighbouring countries in terms
of trade, investment, and tourism. However, by placing these developments in a contemporary
historical context, we also have to evaluate Thailand’s early approaches to sub-regional integration
processes within the Mekong area.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Asian sub-regionalism

value: Mekong Sub-region

value: Thailand economic development


dc.contributor.author

value: Liu, Qian

value: Wang, Xiaoguang

dc.identifier.citation

value: Qian Liu, Xiaoguang Wang. The shaping effect of the Belt and Road Initiative on China’s international oil and gas cooperation strategy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 1, pp. 20–32.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was launched as a leitmotif of China’s economic diplomacy
in 2013 after Xi Jinping assumed power. Inevitably, China’s behaviors in international
oil and gas cooperation have been influenced by the BRI in terms of policy purpose, cooperation
model, business organization, and even energy security strategy. Under the BRI, China’s
originally primary purpose of natural resource access in oil and gas cooperation has shifted
to a business-based strategy. Meanwhile, China has constructed oil and gas pipelines as common
interest-based interconnections of infrastructures, instead of getting involved in geopolitical
games. In the process, China and large national companies play as partners and coordinators
more often even as their traditional roles are operators and majority shareholders.
Coupled with the transition of purpose, the cooperation model also changes to an industrial
chain-based model. China’s overseas oil and gas cooperation transitioned from an “upstreamdownstream
integration” model to a “module plug-in” model, which flexibly includes natural
resources, trade, transportation, refining and engineering services to prompt the “going-out”
of China’s technology, equipment, and industrial capacity. In the organization of international
oil and gas cooperation, coordination among the majors of Chinese national oil companies,
and between national oil companies and other actors has become independent. The Yamal
project provides an empirical case that displays China’s transition in international oil and gas
cooperation under the BRI in this article.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research is funded by the Ministry of Education of China (15YJCGJW005).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 13; Issue 1

value: China

value: BRI

value: oil and gas

value: international cooperation

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gretskiy, Igor V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gretskiy I. V. Neo-Prometheism in Poland’s eastern policy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 1, pp. 136–142.

dc.description.abstract

value:
[Review of the book:] Kowal P. Testament Prometeusza. Źródła polityki wschodniej III Rzeczypospolitej.
Warsawa; Wojnowice: Kolegium Europy Wschodniej, Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 2018. 768 s.

dc.language.iso

value: ru


dc.contributor.author

value: Katsis, Leonid F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Katsis L. F. The Jewish theologem of the Russian avant-garde (Vladimir Mayakovsky, Velimir Khlebnikov, Abba Gordin and Velvl Gordin-Beobi on the background of Kdushi Musaf for the New Year). Issues of Theology, 2020, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 17–51.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is dedicated to the analysis of the memoirs concerned with avant-garde
cafes in revolutionary Moscow 1917–1918. “The Stall of Pegasus” and “Cafe of Poets”
by Abba Gordin recently translated from Yiddish into Russian. The author of
the memoirs was a prominent anarchist and at the same time had a traditional Jewish
education. The article deciphers the complex Jewish subtexts of this memoir
text based on the ideas of Kabbalah (“Sepher Yetzirah”) and medieval Jewish prayer
books. Particular attention is paid to the problems of Abba Gordin’s attitude to the
futuristic “zaum” and his purely Jewish reaction to the work of Vladimir Mayakovsky,
whom he calls the “High Priest of Poetry.” The paper compares the ideas
previously expressed by the author of the article on the interaction of the works of
Russian futurists, Russian and Russian-Jewish avant-garde artists, etc. with Jewish
mysticism and imagery. These ideas were previously expressed only from the Russian
side. The analyzed text makes it possible to see that the Jewish participants
in this dialogue perfectly understood their Russian contemporaries and answered
them from a Jewish, albeit extremely avant-garde, point of view. Taking into account
purely religious, religious-mystical Jewish sources, named by Abba Gordin,
allows us to see both sides of the dialogue, to verify the previously discovered Jewish
sources of the Russian avant-garde and take the first steps in constructing the
theological background of the Russian avant-garde based on both Christian and
Jewish texts and sources.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 2; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Abba Gordin

value: Vladimir Mayakovsky

value: “The Stall of Pegasus”

value: “Cafe of Poets”

value: Yiddish

value: anarchism

value: Russian futurism

value: Judaism

value: Kabbala

value: Jewish imagies


dc.contributor.author

value: Efremenko, Dmitry V.

value: Meleshkina, Elena Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Efremenko D. V., Meleshkina E. Yu. Yugoslav Metanarrative and Contemporary Yugonostalgia in Western Balkan Countries. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2020, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 78–100.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the features of the Yugoslav metanarrative and its transformation, the activities
of mnemonic actors in its formation and the use of its individual elements after the collapse
of the SFRY. As an analytical tool, the concept of a metanarrative is used, which is understood as
the mechanism for translating ideological elements of the past into everyday reality and representing
norms and values that are constitutive for the political regime using a certain set of symbolic
means. Like the metanarrative in the former USSR, the Yugoslav metanarrative was aimed
at achieving a high degree of political and ideological control of public opinion or at replacing it
with directive ideological principles. Within the framework of this model, social communication
and public debate cannot fully fulfill the function of developing national identity and forming new
frames for interpreting political problems. The metanarrative contributed to the formation and
strengthening of several types of identities, including the identity of representatives of the “titular
nations” and ethnic minorities. The destruction of the metanarrative meant the impossibility of
maintaining its integrity, the withering away of many components, but the survival of other components,
which can retain their significance for certain types of identity. The article shows how the
activity of mnemonic leaders of the republics of the former SFRY, in the formation and reproduction
of a positive or negative perception of the past, affects the formation of various competing
projects of national identity and their configuration in the present. The features of Yugonostalgia
that determine the possibility of their use by various political forces in their interests are revealed.
It is concluded that the variability of the attitude to the Yugoslav socialist past and its use in political
rhetoric in the countries of the Western Balkans is primarily due to the peculiarities of ethnic and
religious divisions, the role of the former union republics as part of the SFRY, pre-war Yugoslavia
and other state entities, the history of independence and subsequent development.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 16; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: metanarrative

value: socialist Yugoslavia

value: memory policy

value: Yugoslavism

value: new Yugoslavism

value: Yugonostalgia

value: titostalgia

value: symbolic politics

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Martyanov, Denis S.

value: Podlesskaia, Natalia S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Martyanov D. S., Podlesskaia N. S. Сonvergence of Television and the Internet in Russia: Political Aspect. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2020, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 58–77.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The convergence of television and cyberspace is the final stage of traditional media and Internet
integration. In connection with this, the social role of television is changing. The culture of consumption
of television products is becoming different, and the transformation of the television
audience is noticeable. Inevitably the question arises of new functions and a new strategy for the
development of television in a post-global information individualized society. The authors consider
such aspects of television transformation as a transition from the public sphere type to the filter
bubble and echo chamber types. An alternative to traditional television on the Internet is streaming
services and YouTube, the integration of which into the information space of the post-globalist
nation-state remains controversial. Convergence of the Internet and television takes place both in
the form of social television and in the form of representation of cyberspace in traditional television
formats. Researchers focus on the Russian specifics of convergence of television and the Internet.
The study examined the case of the use of Twitter microblogging materials in the TV program
Time will tell on the Russian First Channel. An empirical analysis of tweets was made and the main
patterns of communication were revealed in the program Time will tell.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: convergence

value: social television

value: bot

value: troll

value: echo chamber

value: public sphere

value: twitter

value: public broadcasting

value: filter bubble

value: Internet governance


dc.contributor.author

value: Sunami, Artem N.

value: Kryukova, Kseniya V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sunami A. N., Kryukova K. V. Conflict studies of modern terrorism in the context of a risk-reflection approach. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 116–130.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the conflict nature of modern terrorism. It is proposed to consider this
phenomenon through the prism of a risk-reflective approach. The article demonstrates that
modern terrorism is losing its previous ontological features, attachment to a geographical,
cultural or political location, and the goals that it manifests acquire an existential character.
The current academic discussion around modern terrorism is analyzed and its basic interpretation
is given as a means of conflictive action in a political struggle that is characterized by
the use of open violence against the civilian population under a certain degree of protection of
the opponent and, consequently, the formation of stable social phobias that influence political
decision-making. Using original research interpretations of modern terrorism, such as “superterrorism”
(E. A. Stepanova), “terrorist situation” (J. Baudrillard), “global war” (M. Hardt,
A. Negri), and classic conflict theories expounded by L. Coser, R. Dahrendorf, K. Boulding,
L. Kriesberg, the authors conclude that the changed parameters of terrorism lead as well to
the transformation of conflict where it is used in a permanent conflict situation. This does
not fundamentally imply the quasi-group’s transition into real conflict groups, or into an unrealistic
conflict, where terror and the fear generated by it from an instrument of political
struggle turns into an end in itself. As it is shown in the article, the ability of social groups to
correlate a response to threats with realistic terrorism parameters is significantly reduced. The
article raises the issue of the high danger of terrorism risk-reflection transition into the format
of social phobia that is spontaneously activated and subsided as a result of the manipulative
effect of discursive strategies used by elite groups on it. It is confirmed that the sum of costs
generated by the new format of terrorism is becoming a serious factor for modern practices of
maintaining the social order in conditions of global competition.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 1

value: terrorism

value: risk

value: risk-reflection

value: conflict management

value: discourse strategy

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Khizhaya, Tatiana I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khizhaya T. I. The peasants of ‘Judaic Faith’ in the Vladimir province: The ‘homegrown sectarianship’ phenomenon in the nineteenth century. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 196–209.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is dedicated to the unique model of religious conduct which could be described
as a sectarianship beyond the scope of the confessional community The author discovered an
archival document reflecting a case investigation of a Subbotnik peasant, his wife and children
in the Vladimir Province of the nineteenth century. No researchers had ever discovered any
Judaizers in that region previously. The work’s goal is to describe and analyze this religious
phenomenon. The study utilized diverse methods: ideographic, retrospective, comparative,
that of historical genesis as well as the method of interpreting historical sources and causal
analysis. Research on the case of Abram Satin reveals, on the one hand, some peculiarities
typical of the Subbotnik movement. These include the Biblical foundation of the Judaizers’
world outlook, their design of worship practices on the basis of the Old Testament texts, their
combination of the secret observation of the ‘Mosaic Law’ and the formal performing the
Christian rituals, identification of icons as idols along with the sympathetic attitude toward
the person of Christ, and traditional tools for revealing their faith in front of the authorities.
On the other hand, ‘religious dissidence’ restricted to just one family residing very far from its
co-religionists’ communities makes the case totally unique. Perhaps Abram Satin’s conversion
to the Mosaic Law was the result of an independent reading of the Bible and/or infrequent
contacts with Judaizers from other regions. ‘The homegrown sectarianship’ made the family
of the Vladimir peasants vulnerable when facing the authorities and this was most likely the
reason for their re-conversion to Orthodoxy that effectively ended the microstory.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Judaizers

value: Subbotniks

value: Mosaic Law

value: The Old Testament

value: Russian sectarianism

value: Vladimir Province

value: microstory


dc.contributor.author

value: Kizenko, Nadieszda

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kitsenko N. Blood accusation and Orthodox liturgy in the Russian Empire before and after the Beilis Case. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 179–195.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Although Gavriil died in 1690, he became the object of cult veneration in late imperial Russia
at the end of the 19th century. This period, the golden age of what Eric Hobsbawm called “the
invention of tradition”, was also a time of rising anti-Semitism and blood accusation in the
Russian empire. The 1908 service (Small Vespers, Great Vespers, Matins) composed in Gavriil’s
honor contains numerous quotations and reworkings of the anti-Jewish texts from Byzantine
Passion Week, Great Friday in particular. The imagery from Byzantine liturgy provided a
familiar and resonant template that allowed it to spark associations in the Russian empire between
the revolutions of 1905 and 1917. The Gavriil service prompts the question of whether
liturgical texts can be held responsible for Christian religious antisemitism. It provides context
for anxieties focusing on the Jews in late imperial Russia and as a possible background for the
1911–1913 Beilis blood accusation case. Most historians argue that by the early 20th century,
the theological underpinnings of antisemitism were replaced by a backlash against the ideologies
of liberalism and Marxism, and—in the Russian empire—the greater integration of
Jews into society as a result of the Great Reforms of Alexander II. The service to Gavriil and
the persistent tensions during Holy Week, however, shows the enduring importance of the
religious context in ritual murder trials and accusations, particularly in the Pale of Settlement
(present-day Belarus and Ukraine). The veneration of Gavriil in the Soviet and post-Soviet
periods in Poland, Belarus, and beyond, reflects different tensions.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: blood accusation

value: ritual murder

value: Gavriil of Bialystok

value: Beilis

value: Ioannikii (Haliatovskii)

value: Antonii (Khrapovitskii)

value: Slutsk

value: Zabludowa

value: canonization

value: saints


dc.contributor.author

value: Poliakova, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Poliakova N. V. The Role of the Vatican in the Modern Ethno-Confessional Processes in the Middle East. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2020, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 128–138.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the Vatican’s role in the modern ethno-confessional processes in the Middle
East. The author notes that the Vatican has a long historical tradition of being present in the Middle
East, but currently one of its most important goals in this region, where the religious tradition of
Christianity was born, has become the protection of Middle Eastern Christians. It is stated that
the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church is making numerous efforts to resolve this problem,
using the all possible tools and channels of influence. It is emphasized that in addition to the
actual humanitarian projects and actions, within the framework of which cooperation has been
established, including with the Russian Orthodox Church, the Holy See claims to direct political
participation in international processes for the settlement of crisis situations in the Middle East.
The Vatican also actively uses multi-vector diplomatic ties and contacts at various levels — from
official to private. It is noted that the interests of the Vatican and Russia in this sphere intersect,
which contributes to their close cooperation in the Middle East. The author proves that the Holy
See is Russia’s temporary ally in its efforts to stabilize the situation in the Middle East, and primarily in Syria. The conclusion is made that the Vatican does not support the ideas of the region being
fragment and disavows the American geopolitical concept of the “Greater Middle East,” which is
the concept of democratic “reconstruction” of the region from the outside.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 16; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Vatican

value: Middle East

value: ethno-confessional processes

value: Roman Catholic Church

value: Russian Orthodox Church

value: Russia

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ananiev, Vitaliy G.

value: Bukharin, Mikhail D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ananiev V. G., Bukharin M. D. On the history of the Museum of Petersburg Theological Academy after the Revolution: A letter of S. A. Zhebelev to N. Ya. Marr. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 171–178.

dc.description.abstract

value:
After the revolution of 1917 the fate of practically all museums, in particular those based on
the history of religions, changed. The collection of the Museum of the St. Petersburg Spiritual
academy was repeatedly reorganized: it was moved to other institutions and joined other collections.
The only way to keep sense of the museum’s collection — scientific, educational,
historical and cultural — was the shift of its main focus — from religion to history and archaeology.
For this very reason, in 1919 the collection was moved to the Petrograd Archaeological
Institute. In 1925, at the time of reorganization of the Institute, the question concerning the
fate of the collection had to be resolved. Professor of Classical studies S. A. Zhebelev proposed
a project to preserve the collection of the Museum of the Spiritual academy. In a letter to
academic N. Ya. Marr, he suggested creating an archaeological museum of the Russian Academy
of History of Material Culture on the basis of its funds. In this very way, the problem
of maintaining sense of the collection would be solved — to present history of religions as
an educational product with a high scientific potential and to open the large archaeological
museum, which gave the Academy of History of Material Culture a new status. Besides, realization
of an old dream of Zhebelev and Marr would provide the opportunity to open the first
purely archaeological museum of academic scale in Leningrad. S. A. Zhebelev’s plan was not
implemented and funds of the former Museum of Spiritual academy were dispersed between
the Russian Museum and the Hermitage, however the letter of S. A. Zhebelev to N. Ya. Marr is an important document, earlier unpublished, shedding light on the fate of one of the main
museum collections on the study of history of religions in Russia and the USSR.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article was done for the project No. 18-18-00367 of Russian Science Foundation “The World
History in Soviet Science, Culture and Education in 1917–1947”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: the study of religion

value: church archeology

value: collection

value: S. A. Zhebelev

value: N. Ya. Marr


dc.contributor.author

value: Borshchevskiy, George A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Borshchevskiy G. A. The Management System of Bureaucracy in Tsarist, Soviet and modern Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 1, рр. 61–84.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article attempts to study the transformation of management system of bureaucracy in
the Russian state of the 16th–21st centuries. It is the first systematic historical study of the
bureaucracy management bodies. The hypothesis suggested and proved is that management
bodies of bureaucracy are inherent in any political regime, and their universal function is to
ensure the control of the bureaucracy and its adaptation to socio-political changes. Typological,
historical-genetic and comparative methods have been used in the research. The database
is comprised of the documents from the collections of five federal archives. For the first time
a complete chronology of the management bodies of bureaucracy in Russia is presented. Also,
it has been proved that these bodies adapt to political changes and correspond to the emerging
configuration of political power. Some principles of bureaucracy management have been
identified: first, the governing bodies act within the structure of the apparatus of the highest
officials and never belong to any branch of power; second, all attempts to create a non-political
governing body of bureaucracy have failed; third, personnel centralization is observed during
periods of political mobilization; fourth, a combination of enormous power with the lack of
transparency generates ineffectiveness of the management bodies of bureaucracy. The study
has shown that the main functions of these management bodies were associated with the
current administrative work to the detriment of the solution of strategic tasks. Finally, some
proposals are put forward: to take into account historical experience for the development of
civil service management system: first, to extend state personnel policy to the entire public
sector and, second, to give priority of strategic personnel planning over the implementation of
routine account and administrative functions.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 1

value: bureaucracy

value: civil service

value: Ranking Order

value: Senate

value: Imperial Majesty’s Own Office

value: apparatus of the Central Committee of the CPSU

value: Administration of the President of Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Slukovskii, Zakhar I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Slukovskii, Z. I. (2020). Accumulation level and fractions of heavy metals in sediments of small lakes of the urbanized area (Karelia). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (1), 172–193.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A detailed analysis of the environmental geochemistry features of the sediments of two small
lakes located in Petrozavodsk city was presented. Samples of lakes were collected in 2016 and
2018 using a peat drill for deep layers of sediments and a sampler Limnos for modern layers
of deposits. In the laboratory, after the drying and abrasion of samples until the powder condition,
sediments were measured by an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and mass-spectral
method on a ХSeries-2 ICP-MS instrument. To have an environmental interpretation of results
the sum indicator of pollution and index of geoaccumulation were calculated for each
waterbody. The results showed the lake sediments of Petrozavodsk have different geochemistry
features and various levels of pollution of heavy metals. In comparison with the background,
such metals as Pb, Sb, V, Cu, Zn, W, and Bi have the highest level of accumulation in Petrozavodsk’s
lakes. At the same time, the sediments of lake Chetyrekhverstnoye characterized
by pollution from low to middle level and the sediments of lake Lamba have a pollution level
from low to extremely high values. Almost all metals are predominantly in mineral phases,
however, metals significantly have an association with organic matter and exchange fractions
that present dangerously due to the migration of pollutants in systems “from sediments into
the water” and “from sediments into biota”.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research according to the research
project no. 18-05-00897.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 65; Issue 1

value: heavy metals

value: sediments

value: form of pollutants

value: small lakes

value: urbanization

value: Republic of Karelia

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Maslov, Andrey V.

value: Gareev, Emir Z.

value: Podkovyrov, Victor N.

value: Kovalev, Sergey G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Maslov, A. V., Gareev, E. Z., Podkovyrov, V. N., Kovalev, S. G. (2020). Lithogeochemistry of clastic rocks of the Mashak Formation (western slope of the South Urals): In search of “camouflaged” pyroclastics. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (1), 121–145.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article attempts to solve the problem of the presence of “camouflaged” pyroclastics in
sandstones and fine-grained clastic rocks of the Middle Riphean Mashak Formation of the
Southern Urals based on litho- and geochemical methods and approaches. As a result of the
studies, it was established that in the NKM–GM diagram, the compositional field of silt-clayey
rocks of the Mashak Formation is comparable with several clusters of Jurassic slates of the
Greater Caucasus, containing volcanogenic material, while the clusters of Paleogene tuffs of
the Ukrainian Carpathians and the Gromashor Formation (Pai-Khoi) have a different location.
On the (Na2O + K2O) – GM diagram, in the indicated field, are situated two of four clusters of
metatuffoids and mixed volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the Strelna Group (Kola Peninsula),
and one of two clusters of tuffs of the Redkino horizon (Vendian of the East European
Platform). The same is true for a number of other examples. In the diagram (Na2O + K2O) – FM,
none of the four clusters of tuffs and tuffopelites of the Ordovician of the Arga-Tas zone of
the Momsky horst-anticlinorium and none of the six clusters of acidic tuffs and tuffites of Ukrainian Carpathians fit in, etc. Consequently, the localization of the compositional field
of silt-clayey rocks of the Mashak Formation in the above and a number of other diagrams
shows that clusters of various volcanic-terrigenous rocks, metatuffosiltstones, metatuffoids,
slates, etc., containing a certain admixture of volcanic products, coincide with the diagrams
in half or fewer of the cases. Thus, the analysis of the absolute contents and indicator ratios
of trace elements inherent in sandstones and clayey rocks, values of petrochemical modules
and the systematics of rare-earth elements (REE) does not allow us to state with certainty that
magmatic processes, including subsynchronous sedimentation, were the main source of their
constituent material.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The studies were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 19-17-00099, A. V. Maslov,
analysis and interpretation of the results).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Southern Urals

value: Middle Riphean

value: Mashak Formation

value: sandstones

value: clay rocks

value: lithogeochemistry


dc.contributor.author

value: Sanin, Alexander Yu.

value: Strokov, Alexander A.

value: Terskii, Pavel N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sanin, A. Yu., Strokov, A. A., Terskii, P. N. (2020). Assessment of the impact of natural processes on the content of heavy metals Lake Onego water. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (1), 146–171.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the results of studies conducted in 2014–2015 and 2018 in the water area and
shores of Lake Onego, devoted to the study of natural and anthropogenic factors that affect the
water quality of different areas of the lake. Among natural factors, river flow provides 50–70 %
of chemical substances into the lake. However, in areas of the lake where there are no large
tributaries, abrasion or erosion processes on shores play a special role. As a result of work in
2014–2015, morphogenetic classification of shores was done and seven types were highlighted:
slightly modified, abrasion, abrasion-accumulative, accumulative, deltaic, lagoon and anthropogenic.
The first attempts to carry out a correlation analysis of coastal processes’ impact on water
quality of the lake (heavy metals intake) were made. Geoecological research including water (24
samples), bottom (17 samples) and coastal (12 samples) sediments sampling with subsequent
determination of Fe, Mn, Al, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Co and Cd content was conducted in the area of
abrasion (Andoma Mountain) and abrasion-accumulative (Pukhta Bay) shores of Lake Onego
in October 2018. The dissolved form of metals was determined in water and the mobile form of
metals was determined in sediments. Concentrations of metals reflect the chemical composition
of lake water in the autumn and exceed maximum permissible concentrations by 10 times for
Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb and Al. According to the results of chemical analysis, correlation analysis was
conducted on abrasion and erosion of lake shores and the impact on the quality of Lake Onego
coastal waters. There is no influence of bottom sediments in the coastal zone on the content of
heavy metals except Al. Statistically significant correlation (correlation coefficient 0.7) has been
noted for Al.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This study has been realized with support of Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Scientific
project is no. 18-35-00545 mol_a.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 65; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: lake Onego

value: water quality

value: pollutants

value: types of shores

value: abrasion

value: accumulation

value: longshore transport

value: currents

value: heavy metals

value: correlation


dc.contributor.author

value: Kotova, Irina K.

value: Gordon, Faina A.

value: Magaeva, Anna N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kotova, I. K., Gordon, F. A., Magaeva, A. N. (2020). Evolution of the Early Proterozoic (Ludikovian) riftogenic basin of the southwestern margin of the Karelian Craton (Baltic Shield). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (1), 51–73.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The geological structure and stratigraphic sections of typical areas of Ludikovian sediments on
the northeast coast of the Lake Ladoga (Republic of Karelia) were studied. The formation of
these strata is associated with the development in the Ludikovian time period of the extensive
sedimentary basin, which was formed on the Archean crystalline basement of the Karelian
craton. Variations in the composition and thickness of these metamorphosed Lower Proterozoic
sedimentary and volcanic-sedimentary complexes, both laterally and in section, suggest
a very disjointed bottom relief of the Ludikovian paleobasin and changing sedimentation conditions
during the development of this structure. The reconstruction of the primary composition of metamorphosed volcanogenic and sedimentary rocks of Ludikovian rocks was carried
out based on petrochemical and petrographic characteristics. The protolith of the rocks lying
at the base of the Ludikovian strata was mainly carbonate and partly terrigenous sandy-clay
sediments; the central part of the section is composed of metabasalts; ash, carbonate and clay
sedimentary material with partly siliceous matter most likely associated with post-volcanic
underwater exhalations and hydrothermal activity served as the protolith of metamorphosed
volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the upper part of the section. Various environments of sedimentation
in the Ludikovian paleobasin were designated: a complex of graphite-containing
rocks was formed in deep-water paleodepressions of the bottom of the sea basin with oxygen
deficiency; carbonate and clay sediments accumulated in the zones of free hydrodynamics.
According to the results of the analysis of the contents of rare-earth elements, the complexes
of “continental” and “oceanic” metabasalts, spatially combined as a result of the overthrust
tectonics of the accretion-collision stage of development of the territory, were identified. We
propose a scheme of the evolution of the Ludikovian paleobasin formed in the conditions of
the developing riftogenesis, in transition from continental to oceanic environments, with the
formation of sediments of the “Red Sea” type.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Ludikovian deposits

value: graphite-containing complexes

value: sulphide-containing siliceous rocks

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kurichev, Nikolay K.

value: Kuricheva, Ekaterina K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kurichev, N. K., Kuricheva, E. K. (2020). The spatial pattern of housing construction in the Moscow metropolitan area: Radial and sectoral differentiation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (1), 74–95.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The task of this work is to reveal the forms of spatial transformation of the Moscow metropolitan
area due to the sectoral and radial differentiation of housing construction. The research
is based on the monitoring of all multi-story housing projects under construction and development.
These projects are classified by size class, location relative to existing housing stock,
housing prices, and distance from highways. The localization of housing projects relative to
the main highways changes non-linearly as the distance from the Moscow Ring Road increases.
The core of the Moscow metropolitan area is relatively evenly sprawling in the 10-km zone
outside the Moscow Ring Road. The nearest suburban zone of Moscow Oblast is being developed
not only along key highways, but a significant part of housing projects is implemented
in inter-highway intervals. As the distance from the Moscow Ring Road exceeds 10 km, the
urban sprawl is replaced by the strengthening of the axes of the settlement pattern along main
transport corridors (highways and railways), and the distance of projects from the highways
decreases. This trend is particularly evident in the northeastern, eastern and southeastern segments
of the suburban zone. In the peripheral zone of the Moscow metropolitan area, projects
are concentrated mainly on the outskirts of existing towns, and the distance from highways
increases in comparison with the suburban zone.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Статья подготовлена в Институте географии РАН по материалам исследований по теме
«Проблемы и перспективы территориального развития России в условиях его неравномерности
и глобальной нестабильности» Государственного задания № 0148-2019-0008. Статистический анализ данных о расположении проектов относительно основных магистралей проводился в рамках
исследований по Программе Президиума РАН № 53 «Пространственная реструктуризация России с учетом геополитических, социально-экономических и геоэкологических вызовов», проект 5.1 «Роль урбанистических структур и миграций населения в пространственном развитии России» (Рег. № НИОКТР АААА-А18-118040190015-0).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 65; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: housing construction

value: primary housing market

value: Moscow metropolitan area

value: spatial differentiation

value: projects typology


dc.contributor.author

value: Isachenko, Tatiana E.

value: Isachenko, Grigori A.

value: Ozerova, Svetlana D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Isachenko, T. E., Isachenko, G. A., Ozerova, S. D. (2020). Evaluation of recreational disturbance and the regulation of loads on natural protected areas in Saint Petersburg. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (1), 16–32.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the possibility of using landscape-dynamic maps to assess the recreational
disturbance of the territory and the distribution of recreational loads. The connections of
recreational disturbance with recreational loads in different types of natural complexes are
shown. A step-by-step description of the authors’ methodology of mapping recreational disturbance
on a landscape-dynamic basis is given. The results of ten-year studies of recreational
loads and recreational disturbance of natural complexes at the test area within the natural
protected area Lake Shchuchye (St. Petersburg) are analyzed. The relationship of the distribution
of recreants with the landscape structure of the territory is shown, namely with the features of landscape sites and long-term states of landscapes. With the help of a number of
indicators, the degree of disturbance of natural territorial complexes is estimated, and the
change of recreational loads within the test area for 10 years is considered. With the help of
landscape-dynamic maps, we demonstrate the processes of restoring the ground vegetation
and reducing the total recreational disturbance — which appeared in the first years after the
introduction of the protected area regime — in most of the territory. Mapping recreational
disturbance on a landscape-dynamic basis made it possible to identify problem areas of the
territory where the regeneration processes are slowed down or the degradation of natural
complexes will continue. It is in these areas that priority management decisions should be
taken to reduce recreational loads and regulate recreational flows.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Исследования, положенные в основу настоящей статьи, выполнены при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (гранты № 19-05-00088, 19-05-01003).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: landscape-dynamical approach

value: natural territorial complex

value: recreation loads

value: recreation disturbance

value: natural protected areanatural territorial complex

value: natural protected area


dc.contributor.author

value: Korzinin, Alexander L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Korzinin A. L. The Retinue of the Grand Princess Maria Yaroslavna. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 1, pp. 19–48.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The study focuses on two subjects: the personal composition of the retinue of Grand Princess
Maria Yaroslavna, the wife of Vasily the Dark, and her landowners. For the first time in historiography,
the compositions of the Boyar Duma, of the palace administration, of the office
(clerks), of the servants of various official ranks have been reconstructed on the basis of all
known sources, among which acts and genealogy books should be singled out. The author
has managed to collect and analyze information about more than 30 persons who at different
times comprised the Princess’s Court. The most controversial issues relate to the time of the
service of some boyars, clerks, identification of their social status, individual signs for certifying
documents (clerical monograms). The paper examines the domain of the Princess, stages
of its development, the composition and location of the land, their ownership. It is concluded
that Vasily II assigned Maria Yaroslavna the role of the ultimate arbitrator in relations between
children. A personal retinue, sovereign rights in her principality had to strengthen the
position of the Grand Princess as a liaison between the eldest son, Grand Prince Ivan Vasilyevich,
and his brothers. The retinue of the Grand Princess was characterized by mobility and
a certain openness. It was closely connected with the retinues of the sons of Maria Yaroslavna
— Andrei Menshoi, Andrei Bolshoi and Ivan III. Probably, one of the principles of Maria
Yaroslavna’s activity in maintaining balance, cohesion and unity in the princely family lay in
the openness of her retinue.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 19-18-00247 “Court
of Russian Princesses in the System of Power Structures of Ancient Russia and Western Europe During the
Middle Ages and Early Modern Times (11th–16th c.)”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 1

value: Maria Yaroslavna

value: Vasily the Dark

value: Grand Princess’s Retinue

value: appanage

value: social history

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shabaev, Yury P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shabaev Yu. P. Ethnocultural Associations as Political Actors. Part 2. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2020, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 4–21.

dc.description.abstract

value:
At the turn of the 1980–1990s, a large number of various ethnic and ethnopolitical organizations
emerged in Russia that were called upon to represent the interests of different ethnic groups. Many
of them sought to become real political actors at the level of their regions, but only a few were
able to significantly influence local governments and their decisions. This contributed to the crisis
of ethnonational movements and organizations that began in the second half of the 1990s and
saw a sharp fall in their public influence. Furthermore, many ethnopolitical associations actually
ceased to exist. The article discusses the history of the formation of the three largest ethnopolitical
associations of Russia — the Confederation of Peoples of the Caucasus (CPC), the Association
of Indigenous Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East (RAIPON), the Association of Finno-
Ugric Peoples (AFUP). It is indicated that the cooperation of ethnonational organizations and
movements into broad associations had its own logic, which was associated with the limited political
resource of regional organizations representing the interests of individual peoples, and with
the need to strengthen the lobbying capabilities of ethnopolitical associations at both regional and
national levels. It is shown that the three largest Russian ethnopolitical associations arose from
different cultural foundations: linguistic, cultural-economic, regional, but they all sought to develop
into some kind of alternative or parallel institutions of political representation. However, ethnic
associations did not succeed in becoming influential political forces and only RAIPON has a certain
political weight, since it has initially chosen the tactics of partnership with the legitimate authorities
in the Center and in the Regions. In the North Caucasus, ethnic leaders failed to provide a real
alternative to the Islamic idea and local political elites became the reason for the failure. As for the
AFUP, the failure is connected to the obvious attempt of its ideologists to juxtapose ethnicity and
citizenship and to the very decorative nature of the organization, which was originally organized as
a political tribune, and not as an organization of action. But all three of these organizations are experiencing
serious difficulties in their development and their continued existence as independent
political actors is possible only if their lobbying capabilities and public importance are enhanced.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 16; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: ethnic associations

value: ethnicity

value: ethnopolitics

value: citizenship


dc.contributor.author

value: Soina, Olga S.

value: Sabirov, Vladimir Sh.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Soina O. S., Sabirov V. Sh. “Another soul is a closed book” (experience of family conflict interpretation in the F. M. Dostoevsky’s story “The Meek One”). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 82–94.

dc.description.abstract

value:
F. M. Dostoevsky’s story “The Meek One,” whose plot consists of the suicide of a young woman,
requires a new interpretation without one-sidedness and a moralistic attitude towards the characters and relative to the writer’s intentions, who saw the keen internal spiritual struggle
in every hero. The suicide occurred due to a conflict between a husband, pawnbroker in a usurious
company, and his young wife. The core of the conflict is the struggle of two arrogant people
having the negative experience of an abused and degraded life and trying to defend their
human dignity by abusing… their significant other. We cannot claim that the husband and
wife do not have positive features, because the wife is “meek” and virtuous as well as honest towards
herself and her husband turned out to be able to love her to the bottom of his heart after
recognizing his fatal mistakes in relation to her (the aspiration to love himself, demonstrating
coldness and disengagement together with the attempts of a bossy moral-pedagogical training
which ultimately mentally harmed and resulted in her becoming a moral-psychological “emotional
wreck).” He deeply suffered from feeling guilty and decided to radically change the life
of his family, abandoning his “shameful” occupation and moving to another place. However
“the meek one” was not able to appreciate his spiritual-moral degeneration and accept him
from a sense of false moralism and aberration of conscience. The suicide of his beloved wife
overwhelmed the man, by design of the writer, and having survived total loneliness, a radical
transition towards the highest spiritual values emerged in his consciousness.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: suicide

value: pride

value: abused and offended

value: rebellion

value: “emotional wreck”

value: love

value: moralism

value: aberration of conscience


dc.contributor.author

value: Melikh, Yulia B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Melikh Yu. B. The extension of liberalism by collectivism in S. I. Hessen. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 35–48.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article considers the principle of the extension of liberalism by collectivism by S. I. Hessen.
It is shown that the justification of the possibility of combining the ideas of socialism,
communitarianism and liberalism can be found both in the historical reality existing in the
time of Hessen and in the status of philosophical, legal and social conceptions. Hessen’s sociopolitical
views are interpreted as a search for a compromise between the socialist ideas of his
idol A. I. Herzen and the liberal ideas of his father I. V. Hessen. The search for a compromise
between the moral maximalism of the legal nihilism of Vl. Solovyov and the liberal law of
B. N. Chicherin is illustrated. Furthermore, the importance of Hessen’s commitment to the
transcendental theory of cultural values of the Baden school of neo-Kantianism for his theorizing
of history and personality is emphasized. The author considers the concept of a collective
personality, the theoretical sources of which are the concept of a “complex collective personality”
by O. v. Gierke and the “collective personality” of M. Scheler. The concept of collective
personality, which uses Hessen, as well as L. P. Karsavin, points to the closeness of Hessen’s
concept to the views of the Slavophiles and the philosophy of all-unity of Vl. Solovyov, which
is also confirmed by the influence on Hessen of the theory of social law by G. D. Gurvitch who
used the concept of “conciliar [sobornost- or communion-related] property.” It is concluded
that the developed principle of extending liberalism through the application of the concept of
a collective personality, and the concept of legal socialism created by Hessen on this principle,
can serve as the basis for explaining the paradoxical situation observed today in the social
and legal sciences on the convergence of liberalism and communitarianism, which makes this
study relevant.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: liberalism

value: neoliberalism

value: communitarianism

value: law

value: collective personality

value: I. S. Hessen

value: L. P. Karsavin

value: O. v. Gierke

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Slinin, Yaroslav A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Slinin Ya. A. Category of nothing in the philosophy of Plato. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 69–81.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyses the interpretation of the relationship between being and nothing provided
by Plato. Plato does not question Parmenides’ thesis “being is, but nothing is not,” but he
believes that if philosophers do not look beyond that thesis, there will be stagnation. There
is no absolute nothing, but according to Plato, nothing is somehow and in some other forms still interacts with being. In the dialogues “Parmenides” and “Sophist,” Plato illustrates how
nothing penetrates being, deprives it of oneness and integrity and thus transforms it into the
set of particles where each particle appears to be itself, but unlike the others. By “others” Plato
means nothing, which is not the absolute nothing, but only the relative nothing — the nothing
of something or other. In the dialogues the interaction of being and nothing is analysed in
respect to the Realm of Ideas — to the domain of types and varieties, and their universal qualities.
In his “Timaeus,” alongside types and properties, Plato introduces individuals with their
individual qualities. The nothing of something or other is also in the realm of individuals, but
here it manifests yet another aspect of itself. Here we see the nothing that creates and destroys
things, which is not the case in the Realm of Ideas. It is true that every individual and every individual
quality emerges from nothing and immerses in it, while no such thing happens with
types, varieties, and their universal qualities. From the viewpoint of Plato, individuals emerge
because of some force that influences types, varieties, and their universal qualities. The same
force brings into the realm of individuals nothing that creates and destroys. Again this force is
the basis for the four elements of which every natural object is composed: fire, air, water and
earth. Here both Aristotle and Plato are in agreement. Aristotelian prior matter has shared
features with the force of Plato: it brings into existence the realm of individuals and serves as
the basis for the same four elements. The author argues that the bringing into existence of individuals
is the primary function of Aristotelian prior matter and of Plato’s force, while serving
as the basis for the four elements is secondary and optional. Indeed Empedocles believes the
four elements are autonomous and has no common background.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Plato

value: being

value: nothing

value: others

value: type

value: variety

value: individual

value: emergence and destruction

value: receptacle and nurse

value: Aristotle

value: prior matter


dc.contributor.author

value: Mach, Jakub

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mach J. Pavel Florensky and “inactive effort”. Philosophy of religion as a source of concepts for epistemology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 95–104.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Pavel Florensky in “The Pillar and Ground of the Truth: An Essay in Orthodox Theodicy in
Twelve Letters” in “Letter Two: Doubt” describes the complex epistemic structure of religious
experience. The article shows that the central element of this structure is the act of “inactive
effort”, which does not give a clear result, but gives rise to a “tone of hope” in the mind of the
subject, the expectation of discovering the possibilities of comprehending the object, which
cannot be obtained in the way of the usual rational method of cognition. According to the
thoughts of Florensky, the presence of such an act is due to the fact that the object of religious
experience (in this case, dogmas) is beyond what is possible for rational cognition, and
nevertheless it must be somehow captured and expressed by this cognition. As a result of the
analysis of Florensky’s text, the article formulates an epistemological model of cognitive acts
of this kind, which require great effort from the cognitive, but at the same time are devoid of
any signs of action. In addition to the subject of cognition and its object, the structure of such
an act contains a third element, the “tone of hope,” which allows the act of cognition carried
out by the intellect to go beyond the intellect into the realm of transcendental. This model,
obtained in the analysis of religious experience, may be useful for describing some cognitive
events that are not related to religion. For example, in a situation where the conditions of cognition
do not allow for obtaining a reliable result, but the subject continues to carry out cognitive
acts according to the model of “inactive effort”, and suddenly, without sufficient reason,
receives knowledge that exceeds all expectations. This opens up the possibility of significantly
expanding the problem field of epistemology.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was written as part of the research project “Epistemology of Religious Experience in
Russian and Jewish Philosophical Thought” (No. 2014/13/B/HS1/00761) with financial support from the
“National Science Centre” (Poland).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: P. Florensky

value: philosophy of religion

value: epistemology

value: cognitive act

value: inactive effort

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bojanić, Petar

value: Cherepanova, Ekaterina S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bojanić P., Cherepanova E. S. Invention of the future in project-time. An imaginary “encounter” between Georg Simmel and Henri Bergson, and its significance for architecture. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 131–140.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article addresses the reconstructed dialogue with the texts of G. Simmel (G. Simmel “Untersuchungen
über die Formen der Vergesellschaftung”; “Über räumliche Projekten sozialer
Formen”) and H. Bergson (H. Bergson “Histoire de l’idée de temps”) in order to analyze the
question of how the design/creation of the future was understood by these philosophers, and
how this question can be interpreted today. We would like to present some conditions and difficulties
in revealing the future and the temporal nature of any project. First, we would like to
insist on a weakness in languages spoken by a great number of people, which is that the future
is difficult to linguistically stabilize and document: German and English do not have a future
tense, using instead auxiliary verbs, “werden” (to become), “will”/be going to”. The study of
the project as an intellectual (intention, idea, concept) and social phenomenon (design as a
social action) allows us to illustrate how the future (project) becomes a task of activity in the
present. The project transfers or shifts (Simmel) the future time to space which is always ready
for the perception of projections, and is also an opportunity to organize future joint actions.
We will argue that when the project is executed, when it is no longer — there is no longer
any future. The project thus ensures the future. Or, to achieve complete circularity, we will
introduce a third element: without the future, a group or a “we” cannot possibly exist. In our
text, we would like to unreservedly insist that the idea of a project, or perhaps a sketch of any future theory of the project (or concept), has already been provided at the beginning of the last
century within an imaginary encounter between Henri Bergson and Georg Simmel.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, research project No. № 19-18-00342.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: project

value: time

value: future

value: Henri Bergson

value: concept


dc.contributor.author

value: Danilov, Alexander N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Danilov A. N. The return of the dictatorship: A new perception of modernity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 1, pp. 105–115.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses versions of fighting for the political future of the world, the results of
which are not yet predetermined. Development of the political process in the twenty-first century
illustrates that the world is entering a stage of permanent crisis of liberal democracy. The
democratic wave of the 1990s died out and led only to the growth of right-wing extremism, nihilism
and nationalism all over the world. It happened not only in the governments that arose
out of dictatorships at the end of the twentieth century, but also in some old democracies.
Democracy has ceased to cultivate authoritative and strong leaders. Society cannot always be
in transformation or trauma state. Sooner or later a new reality will be built. Social anomia is
not a permanent process, as it would inevitably become part of normative system. The new
authoritarianism is cultivated by the ineffectiveness of power, disbelief in its ability to curb the
situation of chaos and discontent, and to bring life back to normal. Today, no country in the
world can be a model for imitation. There is not any ideal that others would like to borrow.
Building a new ideal of civilizational development is fixed through the disclosure of a complex
ethical system in which value conflict acts as an inevitable component. Most of the post-Soviet
countries failed to advance their societies to a more suitable level of economy, to reach the positions
dictated by the modern information age, and to provide the population with new high
standards of living. Convergent trends are becoming increasingly noticeable in the Republic of
Belarus with authoritarian rule. Evolutionary nature is inherent in the Belarusian transformation.
It is based on the mentality of the people and the social responsibility of government. The
post-Soviet world is not in a hurry to part with acquired sovereignty and is not ready to share
even a part of its rights with supranational structures.

dc.subject

value: democracy

value: new authoritarianism

value: world order

value: value conflict

value: transformation

value: post-Soviet world

value: new convergent society

value: sustainable development


dc.contributor.author

value: Bumazhnov, Dmitrij F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dmitrij F.Bumazhnov. Revolution of the Solitaries, Arsenius the Great, and Socrates. An Early Theological Justification of the Radical Monastic Detachment from Society. Philologia Classica 2020, 15 (1), 72–87

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article investigates an early theological justification of the radical detachment from society expressed in a saying by the famous Egyptian hermit Arsenius the Great (4th‒5th century)
who avoided contacts not only with lay people, but even with his fellow monks in the desert of
Sketis. This justification is to be seen in connection with the phenomenon of monastic secluded life which suddenly emerged in the second part of the 3rd century, in sharp contrast with
traditional views of the catholic Christians of the 1st‒3rd centuries on the way of life suitable
for the followers of Christ. In this article, the radical break with this early paradigm is called
the “revolution of the solitaries”. Arsenius, who lived about eighty years after the first monks
in Egypt started to be recognized as a distinct phenomenon in public space, does not necessarily draw on the oldest layers of the traditions justifying and explaining the religious motivation for being alone. Nevertheless, his statement is one of the first pieces of theological
reflection on the subject transmitted in full which opens a number of intriguing possibilities
for further research on this widely neglected field. The article provides the historical context
of Arsenius’ justification which includes criticism of the anachoretic monasticism in the
pagan and Christian communities. Some critics of the secluded life consider it as contrary
to the Jewish and pagan wisdom as well as to the revelation of Christ, a statement making
Arsenius’ apology most precarious. Of special inrerest is that Arsenius, when staying away
remaining secluded from all kinds of people, was to a certain degree guided by the example
of Socrates.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: early Egyptian monasticism

value: Arsenius the Great

value: Socrates

value: eremitism

dc.title

value: Article


title: Orthios as a Quality of Sound

dc.contributor.author

value: Almazova, Nina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nina Almazova. Orthios as a Quality of Sound. Philologia Classica 2020, 15 (1), 25–36

dc.description.abstract

value:
An attempt to interpret the famous ancient musical composition known as ὄρθιος νόμος requires an analysis of all available evidence connecting ὄρθιος with sounds. The most extensive
description of this nome (Dio 1. 1) ascribes it a military (or generally stimulating) character.
This conforms with a number of passages, where an ὄρθιος sound ‘makes one stand up’ to
help, or to fight, i.e. it stimulates dynamic activity. Perhaps, then, this was the initial meaning
of the adjective, from which it eventually morphed to mean ‘sonorous’ or ‘piercing’. It seems
that a sound could be made piercing and pervasive both by its volume and by its pitch, therefore ὄρθιος as a quality of sound frequently correlates with ‘loud’ and ‘high’. Nevertheless, a
common interpretation that equates ὄρθιος with ὀξύς is unwary: the conventional metaphor
in ancient Greek concerning a sound’s pitch is ὀξύς  — βαρύς (‘sharp’  — ‘heavy’), whereas
the spatial metaphor of vertical (‘high’ — ‘low’) is not reliably attested. Another characteristic of sound that our sources correlate with ὄρθιος is ‘strained’ (ἔντονος, ἀνάτασιν ἔχων,
ἀνατεταμένος), which in its turn likely indicates loudness (but does not literally translate as
either ‘high’ or ‘swift’) and physical effort on behalf of the performers, or else the ethos of a
musical piece, which transmitted tension to the audience.

dc.subject

value: Ancient Greek music

value: nomes

value: orthios

value: Orthios as a Quality of Sound


dc.contributor.author

value: Kaczyńska, Elwira

value: Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz

dc.identifier.citation

value: Elwira Kaczyńska, Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak. The Sea-Leopard and the Oxyrrhynchus Shark (Ael. NA 11, 24). Philologia Classica 2020, 15 (1), 37–46.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper analyzes Ch. 24 of the 11th book of Aelian’s De natura animalium devoted to the
so-called sea-leopard (πάρδαλις) and the oxyrrhynchus fish, both living in the Red Sea. Aelian
compares the body colour of the sea-leopard to the mountain leopard, i.e. the snow leopard or
the ounce (Panthera uncia Schreber, 1775). This comparison clearly demonstrates that the sealeopard is to be identified with the sand tiger shark or the spotted ragged-tooth shark (Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810). This fish usually resides and hunts in the depths of the sea, but also
swims to the coast and sometimes attacks the swimming people. The attacks of sand tiger sharks
must have taken place in ancient times, so the fish was easily recognizable not only by the Greeks
but also by the inhabitants of the Red Sea’s seashore. The Greek ichthyonym ὀξύ(ρ)ρυγχος refers
to five different species of fish, but Aelian uses it to denote an oriental kind of shark existing in
the Red Sea (NA 11, 24). The oxyrrhynchus shark has an elongated mouth, golden eyes and white
eyelids, i.e. nictitating membranes, typical of sharks belonging to the order Carcharhiniformes.
Its tail is oblong in shape and its fins are black and white. There are also pale and green parts of
its body. On the basis of Aelian’s description it is possible to suggest that the unknown fish should
be identified with the bignose shark (Carcharhinus altimus S.Springer, 1950).

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The present article is part of the research project entitled Greek-Oriental contacts in a comparative perspective, financed by the scholarly development fund of the Faculty of Philology, University of Lodz.

value: animal terminology

value: etymology

value: Greek language

value: leopards

value: sharks

value: vocabulary

value: zoological literature


dc.contributor.author

value: Sapota, Tomasz

value: Słomak, Iwona

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tomasz Sapota, Iwona Słomak. ‘Phoenissae’, ‘Phoenissa’, ‘Thebais’: The Title of Seneca’s Phoenician Women. Philologia Classica 2020, 15 (1), 88–95.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper aims to revise the status quaestionis of the title of a play by Seneca preserved in two
commonly recognised variants — Phoenissae and Thebais — and two less well-known variants — Phoenissa and Antigona. It has been generally accepted that only the title Phoenissae is
correct, and that this title was modelled on Euripides’ drama of the name. This view, however,
can hardly be deemed plausible, considering the substantial differences between Seneca’s and
Euripides’ Phoenissae. Moreover, it has been widely held that there is no analogy for the title
Thebais in the dramatic tradition but that it has equivalents in epic texts, which has led to the
conclusion that Thebais is an ill-chosen interpolation. The other variants of the title have not
been discussed at all. In this article we scrutinise previously disregarded sources and argue
that all the play’s titles may have originated in Classical Antiquity and may be regarded as
synonyms. We also demonstrate that the interpretation of the title Phoenissae as referring
to a Chorus of Tyrian maidens is purely speculative, since the links between Seneca’s and
Euripides’ Phoenissae cannot be unequivocally defined. We posit that the Romans may have
understood both the title of Euripides’ play and of its probable imitation written by Accius as
alluding to the heroines, Jocasta and Antigone. The examples found in Statius’ verse may be
used as evidence that the adjective Phoenissus was understood by the educated Roman public
as Thebanus. In the final part of the paper, we analyse the dramatic action of Phoenissae, which
leads us to the conclusion that the interpretation of the title as a metonymic term describing
Jocasta and Antigone is accurate.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 15; Issue 1

value: Seneca the Younger

value: Phoenissae

value: Thebais

value: Roman tragedy

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Engelbrecht, Wilken Willem Karel Hugo

dc.identifier.citation

value: Engelbrecht W.W.K.H. The melody of distant things: Johan Fabricius as a Czech window on exotic worlds. Scandinavian Philology, 2020, vol. 18, issue 1, pp. 142–167.

dc.description.abstract

value:
From an international point of view, Dutch-written literature is a periphery literature for some 24 million native speakers. Nevertheless, a fair amount of Dutch-written
works have been translated into foreign languages, especially since World War II. Johan
Fabricius (1899–1981) was during his life one of the most widely read popular Dutch
authors. His works, especially his ‘immortal’ novel De scheepsjongens van Bontekoe (1924)
is still edited in Dutch as well as abroad (the last Czech edition dating from 2012), are
ranked among the most popular at home as well as abroad. However, in Central Europe
his works were translated mainly into German and into Czech. This is no coincidence
as Czech is one of the languages into which a good number of Dutch-written works are
translated. Czech translations offer a mix of popular authors and typical ‘canon’ writers. In
this article, the Czech reception is divided into several periods: between the World Wars,
during the German occupation, the democratic years 1945–1948, the Communist period, and after 1989. The article provides information about the translators, (Lída Faltová
(1899–1944) and Olga Krijtová (1931–2013) being the most important ones), publishers,
print runs, and the reasons why certain books were not published in Czech. This occurred primarily in the periods 1945–1948 and 1949–1989. For each period, a short description
of the background is provided. In the appendix, a complete survey of all the translations
of Fabricius’ works is given in accordance with the most recent situation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This paper is the result of the project NTU Olomou (117)/MR/rv Receptie van
Nederlandstalige literatuur in Tsjechische vertaling of the Dutch Language Union,
visiting scholarship no.  NWO 300–1-0025  of the Dutch Research Council, and the
project FPVČ 2016/02  Recepce nizozemské a vlámské literatury v českém překladu
1848–1948 of Palacký University, Olomouc.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Johan Fabricius

value: translation

value: Dutch

value: Czech

value: exotic worlds

value: novels


dc.contributor.author

value: Kowalski, Andrzej Piotr

value: Rychło, Mikołaj

value: Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kowalski A.P., Rychło M., Witczak K.T. Is Old Norse gammi an inherited or a borrowed word? Scandinavian Philology, 2020, vol.  18, issue  1, pp. 72–84.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the uncertainty around the etymology and origin of the Old Norse
gammi m. ‘Saami hut; earthen hut’, as well as its modern Scandinavian cognates, e. g. Icel.
gammi m. ‘earthen hut’, Norw. gamme m. ‘id.’, Swed. dial. (Elfd.) gamme m. ‘porch; manger,
cow manger’, Da. gamme c. ‘animal stall, sheepfold, fence, fencing’. The Northern Germanic
terms are traditionally explained as an Indo-European heritage. There are three different
competing etymologies for the Scandinavian words in question. The first explanation,
proposed by two Norwegian linguists Hjalmar Seierstedt Falk (1859–1928) and Alf Torp
(1853–1916), connects the Old Norse term for ‘earthen hut’ with the Indo-European term
for ‘earth’ (PIE.*dhĝhom-). The second etymology, given by the Swedish researcher Evald
Lidén (1862–1939), relates it to Arm. gom ‘cowshed, stable, sheepfold, pigsty’. He suggested
a new Indo-European nominal root *ghom- ‘animal stall’ on the basis of the alleged
comparison of the Germanic and Armenian forms. Twenty years ago, the Danish linguist
Birgit Anette Olsen (born 1952)  reinterpreted Lidén’s proposal, deriving the GermanoArmenian lexemes from the Indo-European root *ghos- ‘to eat’ (cf. Old Indic ghas- ‘to eat’)
and finally explaining the protoform *ghos-mo(n)- as a nomen loci denoting ‘eating place’.
In our opinion, neither a derivation from PIE.*dhĝhom- ‘earth’, nor a comparison with Arm.
gom ‘stable, stall, pigsty’ can be accepted for phonological, semantic, and cultural reasons.
It is suggested that all the Scandinavian words should be treated as having been borrowed
from North Saami gammi ‘earthen hut’. In fact, the aforementioned Nordic appellatives
are completely isolated in the Germanic and Indo-European language world, whereas the Saami word in question has numerous cognates in the Finno-Ugric languages and derives
from a Finno-Permic archetype *kȣmɜ ‘granary, pantry’, e. g. Fi. kumo ‘grain barn’, Ost. kȯ̆
m
‘granary, pantry’.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: borrowings

value: Danish

value: Elfdalian dialect of Swedish

value: etymology

value: Finno-Ugric languages

value: Germanic-Saami relations

value: Icelandic

value: Indo-European languages

value: language contacts

value: Norway

value: Old Norse

value: Saami material culture

value: Scandivanian peoples

value: Uralic influence


dc.contributor.author

value: Aseeva, Natalia

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aseeva N. The usage of multiethnic youth language in Douglas Foley’s writing. Scandinavian Philology, 2020, vol. 18, issue 1, pp. 21–31.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The following article deals with usage of lexical features of multiethnic youth language in Douglas Foley’s novels, namely, Shoo bre, Shoo len, and Shoo mannen. Having
lived in one of Stockholm’s most ethnically and culturally diverse areas, Alby, Foley
had first-hand experience of communicating with young first and second-generation
immigrants who spoke a variety of different mother tongues and had only one language
that united them all — Swedish. The variation used by these young people differed from
standard vernacular in terms of phonology, grammar, syntax, and, most noticeably,
vocabulary. Along with classical features of Swedish vernacular they used slang words
and swearwords from other languages, had various deviations from traditional grammar and syntax rules, and they added different discourse particles, emphatic elements,
and code-switching to their speech. This new variation of Swedish was becoming more
and more widespread in the suburbs of big cities, which understandably sparked a large
interest among Swedish linguists. Today, this variation is known as “multiethnic youth
language”. The aim of this article is to analyse the lexical features of multiethnic youth
language used by Douglas Foley and to determine the authenticity of this usage and
what effect it has on the text. The data from the “Language and language use among
young people in multilingual urban settings” project, conducted by Swedish linguists,
is used as a basis for analysis.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Swedish

value: multiethnic youth language

value: slang

value: linguistic variation

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Nazarova, Varvara V.

value: Emelyanova, Ekaterina O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nazarova V. V., Emelyanova E. O. 2020. Dividend policy of Russian companies with state participation: Influence of the board of directors. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 19 (1): 97–125.

dc.description.abstract

value: The paper aims to explore the characteristics of the dividend policy of Russian companies with state participation and identify its determining factors. Dividend decisions made by the company are largely dependent on the activities of the board of directors, the central corporate governance body, and the liaison between shareholders and managers. The topic is relevant due to the predominant share of companies with state participation in Russia’s GDP. This explains the need to study the trends in their behavior in the field of the dividend policy. In addition, during the period from 2015 to 2017, a number of legislative changes were introduced, including an increase in the rate of dividend payments. Despite this legislative requirement, the established rate is not always observed in practice. This suggests that the board of directors may influence the dividends paid by the company even if there is a statute which regulates dividend payments. The study comprises an empirical analysis of the relationship between structural characteristics of the boards of directors, financial and economic indicators of the companies with state participation, and the dividend payout ratio. The paper analyzes activities of 120 Russian joint-stock companies over a period of three years, from 2015 to 2017. The main hypotheses of the study concerning the relationship between the characteristics of the company boards of directors with government participation and the dividend payout ratio were partially confirmed. A statistically significant relationship was found between some characteristics (the size of the board of directors, the share of women and the share of independent directors who sit on the board) and the dividend payout ratio. At the same time, it is difficult to draw unambiguous conclusions regarding a causal relationship, that is, to talk about the effect of the characteristics of the boards of directors on the propensity of state-owned companies to pay dividends. Also, the dividend policy of the companies with state participation is a source of budget revenue, which further emphasizes the relevance of the proposed study. It should be noted that the results obtained cannot be extended to the entire set of companies on the Russian market.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 19; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: dividend policy

value: board of directors

value: open joint-stock companies

value: state participation

value: dividend payout ratio


dc.contributor.author

value: Kusraeva, Olga A.

value: Rebiazina, Vera A.

value: Starov, Sergei A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kusraeva O. A., Rebiazina V. A., Starov S. A. 2020. Company’s brand orientation: Developing and testing the measuring scale on the example of Russian customer market. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 19 (1): 3–33.

dc.description.abstract

value: The paper deals with the analysis of the existing approaches to brand orientation operationalization. This research aims to develop and test on empirical data the scale for reflecting the level of brand orientation development in Russian companies. For this purpose, a mixed empirical study was conducted, consisting of the sequential use of qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative research was conducted on the basis of in-depth interviews with fifteen representatives of Russian companies, and the quantitative research as an online survey – on the sample of 213 Russian companies. As a result, the scale of four groups of indicators measuring brand orientation in four directions was formed: the strategic importance of the brand for a company, the communication activity of a company, the analysis of the behavior of a company’s competitors and the use of internal branding in a company. A distinguishing feature of the resulting brand orientation scale lies in reflecting and measuring both components of brand orientation, specifically, strategy and tactics. The proposed approach makes it possible to assess the level of the company’s processes development aimed at the formation of brand orientation, both from the point of view of building activities around the brand values and using the brand as a strategic asset, and the specific methods, tools and implementation methods. The obtained findings can be used by Russian companies in the development of a business strategy and in studies on measuring the level of brand orientation, identifying the brand management features in terms of philosophical and behavioral approaches to brand orientation and their harmonious integration within an organization.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The publication was prepared within the framework of the Academic  Fund Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) in 2019–2020 grant № 19-01-025 and by the Russian Academic Excellence Project ‘‘5-100’’.

value: scales of measuring company’s brand orientation

value: brand

value: branding

value: brand identity

value: company’s brand orientation

value: company’s brand orientation operationalization


dc.contributor.author

value: Latukha, Marina O.

value: Khasieva, Daria D.

value: Veselova, Anna S.

value: Shagalkina, Maria V.

value: Selivanovskikh, Louisa V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Latukha M. O., Khasieva D. D., Veselova A. S., Shagalkina M. V., Selivanovskikh L. V. 2020. Gender-oriented talent management practices in Russian companies. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 19 (1): 34–66.

dc.description.abstract

value: Historical context, social changes, and trends towards globalization that has taken place in recent years have led to the changes in the structure of workforce. It has become more diverse in terms of ethnic, demographic and gender characteristics. These changes, in line with the confirmed positive link between employee diversity and firm performance, have made diversity management a strategic concern for organizations. In turn, this was reflected in the shift of general human capital management practices, in particular talent management practices, towards more specific and diversity-oriented ones. As gender diversity is one of the most widely spread diversity types, increasing engagement of women in economic and managerial activities makes organizations develop gender-inclusive talent management practices, which may eliminate discrimination and allow the potential of both male and female talents to be equally fulfilled . The analysis of genderoriented talent management practices of 103 companies in 2019 shows that although most respondents are aware of the importance of those practices, they are being considered fragmentary. Besides, there is a visible gap between the perception of companies as gender-responsive and the real offer of gender-oriented practices within such companies. The study reveals that the design of gender-oriented management practices is influenced by regulative, normative and cultural institutions as well as a company’s need to increase and maintain its reputation, creativity and innovation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Research has been conducted with partial financial support from SPbSU grant (project No. 41106017).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 19; Issue 1

value: gender-oriented management practices

value: diversity management

value: talent management

value: gender diversity

value: Russia

dc.type

value: Article