dc.contributor.author

value: Trysińska, Magdalena

dc.identifier.citation

value: Trysińska M. (2022). A film discourse on emotions, exemplified by the Pete Docter’s animated film for children “Inside Out”. Media Linguistics, 9 (1), 15–31.

dc.description.abstract

value: This paper discusses the conceptualization of anthropomorphized emotions in children’s animated films, using the example of the Polish (dubbed) version of Pete Docter’s production Inside Out (2015). This is a new issue that has not been developed in the fields of film studies, linguistics, and media linguistics. It is placed in the wider context of film discourse, with particular emphasis on the visual-verbal layer and educational function. In a film treated as a media message, all dimensions of film discourse are fulfilled. The basic research unit is a statement extracted from an audio track, functioning in a specific situational context and associated with a visual code. Children perceive the world filtered by characters’ experiences, knowledge, and emotions. They accept their point of view, which is revealed both in visual and verbal layers. The audiovisual nature of the message forces us to adopt a broad multimodal research perspective. Since the research has an interdisciplinary nature and is within the framework of media linguistics, attention is focused on those elements of cinematic work that the viewer (child) is able to decode: the narrator’s person, the coexistence of visual and verbal codes, and the principle of contrast. The elements indicated interpenetrate and thus create an integral cinematic picture of emotions. The analysis showed that the film fits into the medial (cinematic) discourse about emotions. Due to its audiovisual capabilities, it has great potential in demonstrating and explaining complex emotional states, often difficult to understand by the intended recipient of the film. Its uniqueness is evidenced by the fact that it does not so much appeal to the emotional sphere of the child audience, but anthropomorphizes emotions. It depicts the world and situations that are impossible to imagine due to child-specific cognitive deficits.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: animated film

value: emotions

value: conceptualization

value: film discourse

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bolotnova, Nina S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bolotnova N. S. (2022). Reflection of the author’s idiostyle in the program “Twelve” by Sergei Shargunov. Media Linguistics, 9 (1), 51–63.

dc.description.abstract

value: The aim of the article is an analysis of the author’s TV program by Sergei Shargunov in the aspect of idiostyle of announcer’s language personality. The program is considered as audiovisual and speech media content, which is a hypertext reflecting the syncretism of speech genres of news, interview, and reportage. The typical and individual author’s features of the television program “Twelve” on the Russia — 24 channel have been established. Typical features include: positioning the author in the title of the program, multimedia, polydiscursiveness, intertextuality, compositional unity, repetition of the beginning and ending, temporality, thematic unity, social evaluativeness, genre syncretism, cultural, educational and propaganda orientation, a focus on confidentiality of communication with the mass addressee, and an emphasis on acute social problems. The idiostyle specificity of the author’s media discourse as a syncretic informational and media linguistic personality, including speech, communicative, and cognitive features, is revealed. These features reflect the different social, professional, and communicative roles of the author as a writer, journalist, public figure, politician and are implemented in targeting a wide audience of listeners and viewers according to the socially significant topics, their ideological assessment, and skill of the art of speech. The announcer’s idiostyle manifestations at the speech level are associated with his belonging to the person of the elite type of speech culture. At the communicative level, the author of the “Twelve” program is characterized by a restrained-intelligent communicative style, the desire for confidential communication thanks to the strategy of natural simplicity with use of colloquial syntax and neutral vocabulary. From an extralinguistic point of view, the presenter is characterized by an intelligent appearance (clothes, hairstyle), restrained but expressive gestures and facial expressions that reflect interest; quiet voice with a pleasant timbre; clarity of diction. The cognitive features can be characterized as a synthesis of rational and metaphorical cognitive substyles.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: author’s television program

value: Twelve

value: Sergei Shargunov

value: media discourse

value: idiostyle

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Davydova, Olga S.

value: Muravieva, Larisa E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Davydova O. S., Muravieva L. E. (2022). The spectator’s anxiety in film narrative: Notes on films by Bertrand Bonello. Media Linguistics, 9 (1), 64–76.

dc.description.abstract

value: The representation of emotions and affects in cinematic narrative can participate in the construction of narration in the same way as the representation of events. Anxiety as one of the “expectant emotions” (E. Bloch) is of particular interest in this regard. By anxiety in the narrative, we mean any zone of uncertainty associated both with the field of the narrator or participant in the world of history, and with the field of the viewer. It is interesting in this regard to consider cases when anxiety ceases to be related to a specific character and is created at the intersection of the event-receptive field, referring to the entire structure of the narrative and thereby causing anxiety in the viewer. Films directed by Bertrand Bonello, regarded as an example of a special type of sensuality in contemporary French cinema, find themselves involved in the construction of this particular type of anxiety. By destabilizing the narrative, depriving the viewer of the familiar landmarks during the unfolding of the story, Bonello in every film refuses to provide the viewer with a habitually safe “place,” as happens in classic Hollywood cinema. Instead, films provoke a state of gripping, affective engagement, which arises, among other things, in a situation of failure of the usual strategies of narrative perception. This article attempts to describe the narrative strategies in three films by B. Bonello (“L’Apollonide: Souvenirs de la maison close” / “House of Tolerance”, 2011, “Saint Laurent”, 2014, and “Nocturama”, 2016), provoking “viewer’s anxiety” and also consider the mechanism of this anxiety, which is closely related to the experience of experiencing pain.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 4; Issue 2

value: affective narratology

value: anxiety

value: film narrative

value: Bertrand Bonello

value: film experience


dc.contributor.author

value: Ermolenkina, Larisa I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ermolenkina L. I. (2022). Discursive worldview of convergent radio: The aspects of axiological modeling. Media Linguistics, 9 (1), 3–14.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article describes the linguistic and communicative effects of convergent radio, which combines technological and sociocultural features of the Internet and analogue broadcasting. The article is focused on the discursive realization specifics of technological and sociocultural phenomenon — convergent radio. The process combining different media platforms has provoked the interest of linguists in the way of implementing linguistic and communicative structures within the boundaries of discursive media practice. This study addresses the thesis on the status of information constructed in social network discourse in the process of communicative interaction of users. The possibility of self-expression and formation of the addressee`s identity indicates a change in his role as a passive subject (the recipient of information). The user of a radio network resource becomes an active subject of discourse and creates its semantic space. The discourse of convergent radio offers the subject a greater degree of freedom in resource management and communication, but at the same time determines the nature of these actions, realizing their goals and strategies. The method of qualitative critical discourse analysis, aimed at identifying ways of organizing dialogic interaction and mechanisms for managing the speech activity of subjects of communication, makes it possible to identify the specifics of value modeling within the boundaries of discursive media practice. This work deepens the problem of axiological modeling of media pictures of the world, which are considered not only in the aspect of images broadcast by the authors of media texts, but also from the point of view of those meanings that are formed in the processes of communicative interaction of addressees. The allocation of the dynamic, activity aspect of the formation of the media worldview presupposes the consideration as a key unit of analysis of communication fragments of the addressees-users.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: discourse of convergent radio

value: discursive worldview of radio

value: axiological dominants

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kvitko, Aleksandr N.

value: Litvinov, Nikolay N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kvitko A. N., Litvinov N. N. Solution of a local boundary problem for a non-linear non-stationary system in the class of discrete controls. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 18–36.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article proposes an algorithm of construction for the discrete controlling function which
is restricted by a norm and provides transition for the wide class of the systems of nonstationary
nonlinear ordinary differential equations from the initial state to the setting final
state. A constructive sufficient condition that provides this transition is obtained. Efficiency
of the method is demonstrated by the solution of the robot-manipulator control problem and
its numerical modeling.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: discrete control

value: non-linear non-stationary system

value: stabilization

value: boundary conditions


dc.contributor.author

value: Fedorov, Arthur G.

value: Trofimov, Vasiliy V.

value: Karpov, Andrey G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fedorov A. G., Trofimov V. V., Karpov A. G. Numerical methods and algorithms for reconstruction of holographic images with an flexibility choice of physical size of the object and observation area. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 99–110.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Within the framework of this work, the numerical results of simulation and reconstruction
of holographic images with different physical sizes of the object and observation areas are
presented. Simple and practical approaches to relatively flexibility choice of physical areas
(e. g., units of m2) in both planes are proposed. Algorithms are presented in the case when
the dimensions of the plane of the object and observation coincide. Two-step scattering
algorithms are presented for the simulation and reconstruction of holographic images with a
relatively flexibility choice of the physical areas of the object plane and observation.

dc.subject

value: electron holography

value: digital image processing

value: Fourier transform

value: Fresnel method

value: angular spectrum method


dc.contributor.author

value: Mazalov, Vladimir V.

value: Khitraya, Vitalia A.

value: Khitryi, Andrei V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mazalov V. V., Khitraya V. A., Khitryi A. V. Cooperative game theory methods for text ranking. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 63–78.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A method of ranking the corpus of texts of a news portal, based on measures of graph centrality,
is proposed. Each text is assigned a vertex of a certain graph, and its structure is
determined based on the semantic connectivity of the texts. As a measure of centrality, the
Myerson value is used in a cooperative game on a graph, where the number of simple paths
in a subgraph of a certain length m is chosen as a characteristic function For different values
of m, the ranking based on the Myerson value will be different. For the final ranking, it is
proposed to use the ranking procedure based on the tournament matrix. The operation of
the ranking algorithm is illustrated by numerical examples related to a specific news porta.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: text corpus of news

value: graph

value: centrality measure

value: Myerson value

value: tournament matrix

value: ranking procedure

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Goncharova, Anastasiya B.

value: Kolpak, Eugeny P.

value: Vil’, Maria Yu.

value: Abramova, Alina V.

value: Busko, Ekaterina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Goncharova A. B., Kolpak E. P., Vil’ M. Yu., Abramova A. V., Busko E. A. Mathematical modeling of malignant ovarian tumors. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 120–134.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores modeling the development of ovarian cancer, the treatment of this oncologicaldisease
in women, the assessment of the time to achieve remission, and the assessment
of the time of the onset of relapse. The relevance of the study is that ovarian cancer is one
of the most common cancers in women and has the highest mortality rate among all gynecological
diseases. Modeling the process of the development of the disease makes it possible
to better understand the mechanism of the development of the disease, as well as the time
frame of the onset of each stage, as well as the assessment of the survival time. The aim of
the work is to develop a model of an ovarian tumor. It is based on a model of competition
between two types of cells: epithelial cells (normal cells) and tumor cells (dividing cells). The
mathematical interpretation of the competition model is the Cauchy problem for a system
of ordinary differential equations. Treatment is seen as the direct destruction of tumor cells
by drugs. The behavior of solutions in the vicinity of stationary points is investigated by the eigenvalues of the Jacobi matrix of the right side of the equations. On the basis of this model,
the distribution of conditional patients by four stages of the disease is proposed. Biochemical
processes that stimulate the accelerated growth of the tumor cell population are modeled
by a factor that allows tumor cells to gain an advantage in a competitive relationship with
epithelial cells. The spatio-temporal dynamics of an ovarian tumor leads to a modification
of the competition model due to the introduction of additional factors into it, taking into
account the presence of increased nutrition of ovarian tumors, the exit of the tumor from the
plane of the ovary, as well as the effect of treatment on tumor cells. The new model describes
the interaction conditions with a system of second-order partial differential equations. The
results of computer modeling demonstrate an assessment of the distribution of conditional
patients by stages of the disease, the time of onset of relapse, the duration of remission, the
obtained theoretical results of modeling are compared with the real data.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: mathematical modeling

value: treatment model

value: malignant tumor of the ovary

value: reproductive system


dc.contributor.author

value: Kosovskaya, Tatiana M.

value: Kosovskii, Nikolai N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kosovskaya T. M., Kosovskii N. N. Extraction of common properties of objects for creation of a logic ontology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 37–51.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper describes an approach to the formation of ontology based on descriptions of objects
in terms of the predicate calculus language. With this approach, an object is represented as a
set of its elements, on which a set of predicates is defined that defines the properties of these
elements and the relationship between them. A description of an object is a conjunction of
literals that are true on elements of an object. In the present work, ontology is understood as an oriented graph with descriptions of subsets as nodes and such that the elements of a set at
the end of an oriented edge have the properties of the elements of the set at the beginning of
this edge. Three settings of an ontology construction problem are considered: 1) all predicates
are binary and subsets of the original set of objects are given; 2) all predicates are binary and
it is required to find subsets of the original set; 3) among the predicates there are many-valued
ones and subsets of the original set of objects are given. The main tool for construction such
a description is to extract an elementary conjunction of literals of predicate formulas that is
isomorphic to subformulas of some formulas. The definition of an isomorphism of elementary
conjunctions of atomic predicate formulas is given. The method of ontology construction is
formulated. An illustrative example is provided.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was carried out with the financial support of St Petersburg State University (project
N 73555239).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: logic ontology

value: predicate formula

value: isomorphism of predicate formulas


dc.contributor.author

value: Beliavsky, Grigory I.

value: Danilova, Natalia V.

value: Ougolnitsky, Gennady A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Beliavsky G. I., Danilova N. V., Ougolnitsky G. A. Approximation of supremum and infimum processes as a stochastic approach to the providing of homeostasis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 5–17.

dc.description.abstract

value:
We consider the calculation of bounded functional of the trajectories of a stationary diffusion
process. Since an analytical solution to this problem does not exist, it is necessary to
use numerical methods. One possible direction for obtaining the numerical method is applying
the Monte Carlo (MC) method. This involves reproducing the trajectory of a random
process with subsequent averaging over the trajectories. To simplify the reproduction of the
trajectory, the Girsanov transform is used in this paper. The main goal is to approximate the
supremum and infimum processes, which allows us to more accurately compute the mathematical
expectation of a function depending on the values of the supremum and infimum
processes at the end of the time interval compared to the classical method. The method
is based on randomly dividing the interval of the time axis by stopping times passages of
the Wiener process, approximating the density to replace the measure, and using the MC
method to calculate the expectation. One of the applications of the method is the task of
keeping a random process in a given area   the problem of homeostasis.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project N 17-19-01038).

value: diffusion

value: Monte-Carlo method

value: Girsanov transform

value: homeostasis

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kuranov, Dmitry Yu.

value: Andreeva, Tatiana A.

value: Bedrina, Marina E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuranov D. Yu., Andreeva T. A., Bedrina M. E. Calculation of the ionization potential of zinc and graphene phthalocyaninates on the surface of dielectrics. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 52–62.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A mathematical model is proposed for calculating the ionization potentials of molecules on
the surface of dielectrics in order to quantify changes in the electronic characteristics of materials
on a substrate. The semiconductor and photoelectronic properties of nanosystems based
on phthalocyanine derivatives are determined by the electronic structure of molecules. Based on the zinc phthalocyaninate molecule ZnC32N8H16, model structures are constructed that
increase this molecule by attaching benzene rings ZnC48N8H24, ZnC64N8H32 and a model
simulating the film structure of Zn4C120N32 H48. Graphene was considered as a nanostructure
modeling a fragment of a monomer lm. The ionization potentials of these compounds
on the surface of magnesium oxide, sodium chloride and silicon are calculated. In the presence
of a substrate, the ionization potentials of all nanostructures decrease, while the values
of the surface ionization potentials remain fundamentally dierent in their magnitude for all
compounds. The compound ZnC64N8H32 sprayed onto the surface exhibits the best photoelectronic
properties, its surface ionization potential is comparable to graphene.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project N 20-07-01086).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: phthalocyanine zinc

value: graphene

value: structure

value: dielectric surface

value: ionization potential


dc.contributor.author

value: Markelova, Anastasia Y.

value: Allahverdyan, Alexander L.

value: Martemyanov, Alexey A.

value: Sokolova, Inga S.

value: Petrosian, Ovanes L.

value: Svirkin, Mikhail V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Markelova A., Allahverdyan A., Martemyanov A., Sokolova I., Petrosian O., Svirkin M. Applied routing problem for a fleet of delivery drones using a modified parallel genetic algorithm. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 135–148.

dc.description.abstract

value:
More and more experts agree that in the near future, most freight traffic will be carried out
using automated systems, and of them drone delivery is considered to be the most promising.
Drone delivery would benefit by independence from the limitations of transport infrastructure
and road conditions and would ensure cargo delivery with rapid turnaround times, as well as a
significant reduction of environmental impact. The technical capabilities of unmanned aerial
vehicles improve year by year, so the task of coordinating drones and effectively planning
routes is relevant and in great demand. The development of such technologies will help
reduce transportation costs and improve customer service through faster delivery. This article
discusses the applied routing problem for a fleet of drones with limited load capacity for the
delivery of heterogeneous goods with the possibility of loading in multiple warehouses from
an international optimization competition. The solution includes new approach based on
a mixed dimensional parallel genetic algorithm (MDPGA) for finding rational routes for
delivering goods to various customers and an assignment problem to reduce the dimension
depending on the number of warehouses.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was carried out under the auspices of a grant of the President of the Russian Federation
for state support of young Russian scientists   candidates of science (project N MK-4674.2021.1.1).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: drone delivery

value: scheduling

value: genetic algorithm

value: vehicle routing problem

value: multidepot

value: multi-trip

value: multi-product

value: split-delivery


dc.contributor.author

value: Abakarov, Abdulla M.

value: Pronina, Yulia G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abakarov A. M., Pronina Yu. G. On the effective elastic properties of a material with mutually perpendicular systems of parallel cracks. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 111–119.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The effective properties of cracked solids are often expressed in terms of the crack density
parameter or its tensor generalization, using the approximation of noninteracting cracks. This
approximation remains accurate at sufficiently high crack densities, provided the location
of cracks are random. The presented analysis confirms that the effective elastic moduli of
a material with ordered fracture structures strongly depend on the linear dimensions of
cracks and their mutual arrangement even at a constant crack density. A change in these
parameters can cause a noticeable anisotropy of the effective properties of the material
even when the eigenvalues of the crack density tensor are equal to each other. The effective
elastic characteristics of a material with one doubly periodic system of parallel cracks are
compared with those for a material with two mutually perpendicular systems of such cracks
in a two-dimensional formulation. The calculations are carried out using the approximate
method of M. Kachanov for determining the mean stresses at the cracks edges, applicable
for large systems of interacting cracks. Analysis of the obtained results showed that the
effective compliance of the material in a certain direction is largely determined by the effects
of interaction (shielding and amplification) within a system of parallel cracks perpendicular
to this direction. The interaction of this system of cracks with the perpendicular system has
a weak effect on the indicated properties in the case of rectangular symmetry of the system.
In this case, the interaction of mutually perpendicular systems of cracks leads to a violation
of the symmetry of the tensor of effective elastic constants.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant N 21-19-00100).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: crack density

value: crack interaction

value: effective elastic properties

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Suna, Ping

value: Parilina, Elena M.

value: Gaob, Hongwei

dc.identifier.citation

value: Suna P., Parilina E. M., Gaob H. W. Two-stage network games modeling the Belt and Road Initiative. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 87–98.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Inspired by the Belt and Road Initiative, we introduce a model of two-stage network games,
when players first form a directed network (the first stage) and then they may reconsider the
actions made at the first stage and choose controls to influence other players in a positive or
negative way (the second stage). At both stages players get their payoffs. Considering a cooperative
version of the game, we examine the problem of subgame network consistency and
design an imputation distribution procedure as a new system of stage payments to guarantee
the long-term cooperation. The Shapley value with exogenous directed graph constraint
is used as a cooperative solution concept. Finally, we prove that a cooperative subgame is
convex which ensures the non-emptiness of the core.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The work of E. M. Parilina is supported by Russian Science Foundation (project N 17-11-01079).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: network games

value: subgame consistency

value: imputation distribution procedure

value: the Shapley value

value: directed graph

value: convex game


dc.contributor.author

value: Miheev, Sergey E.

value: Mikheev, Vikenty S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Miheev S. E., Mikheev V. S. Quality criteria for control of epidemic process. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 149–162.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The total number of those infected at the end of an epidemic and the maximum number
of infected during an epidemic are considered as two quality criteria for control by delayed
isolation of the SIR- and SIRS-type infections. The temporal Barabasi Albert graph is used
to model the contacts between individuals. Simulations are run to estimate optimal delays.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 1

value: delayed isolation

value: SIR

value: SIRS

value: control of epidemics

value: temporal Barabasi - Albert graph

value: total number of infected

value: maximum number of infected

value: temporal network


dc.contributor.author

value: Strekopytov, Sergey A.

value: Strekopytova, Maria V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Strekopytov S. A., Strekopytova M. V. On the convergence of dynamic quasiperiodic systems. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 79–86.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The convergence problem for non-autonomous systems of differential equations with a quasiperiodic
right-hand side in an independent argument is considered. It is proposed to replace
the consideration of the set of solutions of the system of differential equations under consideration
by considering the movements of a dynamic quasi-periodic system generated by
these differential equations. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained when a dynamic
quasi-periodic system has the convergence property, and a proof is given.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: convergence

value: dynamic quasi-periodic system

value: quasi-periodic motion

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Tregubov, Vladimir P.

value: Egorova, Nadezhda K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tregubov V. P., Egorova N. K. Determining the structure and parameters of the human model subjected to vibration. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 163–170.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article presents results from an experimental study of the frequency properties of a
sitting person. This analysis shows that in order to define the structure and parameters of a
human body model, it is necessary to find the only solution to the problem of determining
the model parameters. Otherwise, this model cannot be used to build vibration protection
systems, which is its main purpose. This problem was solved for a two-mass human model.
To do this, the total model mass and although the amplitude-frequency response and input
frequency impedance for both solids in the model structure are needed to be known. In
addition to this, the influence of multi-articular muscles on the frequency characteristics of
a human body is found using mechanical models with an arbitrary number of degrees of
freedom. In particular, the possibility of the existence additional antiresonance frequencies
on the upper mass is shown.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: vibration

value: human body

value: mechanical model

value: frequency response

value: multiarticular muscle


dc.contributor.author

value: Arguchintsev, Alexander V.

value: Srochko, Vladimir A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Arguchintsev A. V., Srochko V. A. Procedure for regularization of bilinear optimal control problems based on a finite-dimensional model. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 179–187.

dc.description.abstract

value:
An optimization problem of a linear system of ordinary differential equations on a set of
piecewise continuous scalar controls with two-sided restrictions is considered. The cost functional
contains the bilinear part (control, state) and a control square with a parameter,
which plays the role of a regularization term. An approximate solution of the optimal control
problem is carried out on a subset of piecewise constant controls with a non-uniform grid
of possible switching points. As a result of the proposed parametrization, reduction to the
finite-dimensional problem of quadratic programming was carried out with the parameter in
the objective function and the simplest restrictions. In the case of a strictly convex objective
function, the finite-dimensional problem can be solved in a finite number of iterations by the
method of special points. For strictly concave objective functions, the corresponding problem
is solved by simple or specialized brute force methods. In an arbitrary case, parameter
conditions and switching points are found at which the objective function becomes convex
or concave. At the same time, the corresponding problems of mathematical programming
allow a global solution in a finite number of iterations. Thus, the proposed approach allows
to approximate the original non-convex variation problem with a finite-dimensional model
that allows to find a global solution in a finite number of iterations.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This project was supported by the Vladimir Potanin Foundation (grant GSAD-0022/21).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: linear phase system

value: bilinear-quadratic functional

value: finite-dimensional model

value: finite iterative methods

value: global solution


dc.contributor.author

value: Qi, Dongfang

value: Bure, Vladimir M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Qi D., Bure V. M. Statistical analysis of investment attractiveness of China’s regions. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 188–194.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This study is devoted to the application of methods of applied statistics to the study of
investment attractiveness of regions of China. Methods of applied statistics are widely used
in various engineering research, medicine, economics, sociology, astronomy, ecology, physics,
information technology, etc. statistical tools is an integral part of the study. Data taken
from the World Bank website and the China Statistical Yearbook. The main topic of this
research is: What factors are most strongly associated with investment attractiveness in the
economy of modern China? Such a study can only be carried out based on the analysis of
economic data, especially in the conditions of the modern digital economy. Consequently, the
problem under consideration belongs to the field of applied mathematics. First of all, need to
choose a mathematical model and research method. This paper uses the method of regression
analysis - one of the most important methods for analyzing economic data. Regression models
are mathematical models built from empirical data. Observations (empirical data) are the
numerical data on the level of investment in the regions of China, as well as the numerical
values of various factors. For each year, a multiple regression model is built using the least
squares method, its statistical significance is checked, statistically significant factors are
selected (statistically significant coefficients for the factors correspond to them). Calculations
are carried out in Excel and SPSS, using subroutines and. Mathematical functions, but at
the same time, an algorithm for analyzing the initial data based on a stepwise regression
algorithm has been developed, in which only one factor with the least significant coefficient
(maximum p-value (t)) is discarded at each step and then an algorithm for choosing the most
important factors for investment attractiveness was developed, the essence of this algorithm
is that the regression models are compared for each year and how many times each factor
was included in the model is calculated algorithms can be attributed to the application of
methods informatics in this work. The choice of the most important factors that determine
the level of investment attractiveness is made to solve the problem of managing the economy.
Attracting investments is important for the effective development of every region, every city,
every district. With the receipt of significant investments, it is possible to solve the problems
of economic and social development. Determination of the most important factors will make
it possible to most effectively solve the problem of managing the economic development of
each region, each city, each district.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation
(agreement N 075-15-2020-805).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: investment attractiveness

value: stepwise regression algorithm

value: multiple linear regression models

value: significant coefficients

value: least squares method

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Aleksandrov, Alexander Yu.

value: Arakelov, Al’bert I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aleksandrov A. Yu., Arakelov A. I. A problem of the equidistant deployment for discrete-time multiagent systems. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 1, pp. 171–178.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article explores a discrete-time multiagent system on a line. This requires the design
of a control protocol providing equidistant agent deployment on a given segment of the line
under the constraint that each agent receives information about distances to its neighbors
via an auxiliary agent. An approach to the solution of the stated problem is developed. This
proves that, under the proposed control protocol, neither communication delay nor switching
of communication graph destroy convergence of agents to the equidistant distribution.
The results of a numerical simulation confirming the obtained theoretical conclusions are
presented.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation
(agreement N 075-15-2021-573).

dc.subject

value: multiagent system

value: formation control

value: discrete-time system

value: delay

value: switching

value: asymptotic stability


dc.contributor.author

value: Gusev, N. S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gusev N. S. ‘Pavel Milyukov’s Trip to the Balkans in the Winter of 1912–1913’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 75–91.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article reconstructs P. N. Milyukov’s trip to the Balkans between December 20, 1912 and January
20, 1913, on the route St Petersburg — Vienna — Belgrade — Sofia — Thessaloniki — Belgrade — Vienna —Prague — Berlin — St Petersburg, using archival and published sources. Not only the date, but also many details of the trip were different from what is described in the politician’s memoirs. He was welcomed at the highest
level in the Balkans. He twice had conversations with Serbian heir to the throne Alexander and Prime Minister
N. Pasic. The Bulgarian tsar Ferdinand honored him with a two-hour audience, and current and former prime
ministers I. Geshov and A. Malinov shared information with him. On the way back to St Petersburg, Czech public
figures K. Kramář and T. G. Masaryk spoke with him. In addition, Milyukov spoke with the Russian envoys in Belgrade
and Sofia, with the Bulgarian and Serbian representatives in Greece, as well as a number of Bulgarian and
Macedonian activists of the national movement. Milyukov became acquainted with details of the formation of the
Balkan Union, which went to war against Turkey, and with the details of the Austro-Serbian conflict. Bulgarian and
Serbian officials presented him with their views on the conflict between these countries and with Greece over
the partition of Macedonia. Confidential information was also shared with him, as he used as a communication
channel between the Balkan states and Russia, and was perceived as a representative of the Russian Foreign
Ministry. Milyukov published some of his impressions and information in a series of articles in the newspaper
Rech, but much remained recorded only in the travel notebook of the leader of the Cadets, but then it was used
in the preparation of public speeches on the Balkan issue.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 20-18-00294) in Scientific Research
Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning, branch of the Central Institute for Research
and Design of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 12; Issue 1

value: Balkan Wars

value: Macedonia

value: Bulgaria

value: Serbia

value: Russia

value: Balkans


dc.contributor.author

value: Timkin, Yu. N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Timkin Yu. N. ‘The First General Purge of the RCP(b) in 1921: Institutional and Human Dimensions (Basing on Archival Material of the Vyatka Gubernia)’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 109–126.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In June 1921, the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) adopted a decision
on the first general purge of the party and for the period August 1 — October 1. The party organizations set as a
goal to free themselves from all “clinging” members who pursued selfish material or other interests. The subject of the study is the analysis of the organization, conduct, and results of the purge in the Vyatka provincial organization
of the party, as well as a socio-psychological portrait of those expelled after the purge. The work uses archival
sources and the principle of historicism, methods of historical institutionalism, and case studies. It turned out that
the purge took place at a later date, from September to November 1921, which indicated both the weakness of
party discipline and low level of party organization. The number of excluded and expelled members was much
more than in the whole country, which was due to the non-proletarian composition of the organization, the crisis
at the beginning of the NEP, and the nature of the attitude of peasant communists to NEP. The main result of the
purge was an increase in more disciplined and executive party members who believe in the ideals of communism.
Nevertheless, the purge did not reach its goal, since the crisis in the party organizations of the province kept
growing. In the 1922–1924, many county-level organizations whose members were purged found themselves in
a state of deep disintegration and were again subjected to purges.

value: Vyatka gubernia

value: party

value: RCP(b)

value: party committees

value: purge

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Khatanzeyskiy, A. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khatanzeyskiy A. V. ‘Novaya Zemlya Archipelago in the Defense System of the Soviet Arctic During the Great Patriotic War’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 39–57.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This analyzes the significance of Novaya Zemlya in the course of military operations in the Arctic during
World War II. Data on the deployment of troops in the Novaya Zemlya archipelago and nearby islands are provided
based on an analysis of archive documents. The military history of the archipelago is examined from the
creation of the Belomorskaya military flotilla in 1941 until its disbandment in April 1945. Minor importance of the
region at the initial stage of the war is replaced by an increase in the activity of the German naval forces in 1942,
especially submarines. The result of this was the expansion of military operations in the Arctic Sea theater, expressed
in enemy attacks on polar stations and sea convoys. In response, the Soviet command created a naval
base on Novaya Zemlya and increased the fleet’s ship composition. By the end of the war, there was a qualitative
and quantitative increase in military infrastructure. The natural and climatic factor had a huge impact on the
conduct of military operations, because of it the main combat activity of the warring parties directly depended on
the polar summer and navigation period. The experience of the main Department of the Northern Sea route in
the development of the region in the 1930s was taken into account. The author concluded that the possession of
Novaya Zemlya was key both for the control of navigation and for the possession of the entire surrounding region.
Despite all efforts, the enemy still failed to disrupt Maritime navigation in the Arctic, and to break the courageous
resistance of military seamen and employees of the Main Administration of the Northern Sea Way.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Great Patriotic War

value: Arctic

value: sea

value: naval war

value: lend-lease

value: White Sea flotilla

value: Novaya Zemlya

value: convoy


dc.contributor.author

value: Maklyukov, A. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Maklyukov A. V. ‘Features of the Modernization of the Russian Far East: Imperial and Soviet Models of Industrial Development’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 92–108.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The study analyzes the imperial and Soviet models of industrial development of the Russian Far East
at the end of the 19th century and first third of the 20th century. The relevance of the study is that understanding the
historical experience of the exploration and development of the eastern territories, and determining their place
and role in Russian space, ultimately determines the fate of the Russian presence on the shores of the Pacific
Ocean. The development of the Far East territories since their discovery by Russians was carried out by a combination
of private initiative of individuals and state support, and from the second half of the 19th century with
significant state participation. At the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the 20th centuries, the imperial model
of industrial development of the region formed, and the Soviet model emerged with the establishment of Soviet
power and the elimination of NEP. The article concludes that the imperial and Soviet model of the industrial development
of the Far East was based on a strong state influence on the region, which in general, despite its negative
aspects, can be viewed positively. Here, higher rates of industrial modernization were ensured than in the west of
the country, and there was no particular risk of conflict with the old, obsolete elements of the social system. Along
with this, there was a large influence of centralized management and bureaucratic structures that ignored local
characteristics, conditions, and interests. Historical experience has shown that significant state participation in
the development of the Far East did not contribute to the efficient use of financial, material, technical, and labor
resources and was associated with significant costs and losses.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 12; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: modernization

value: Russia

value: industry

value: technical re-equipment

value: Far East

value: economy


dc.contributor.author

value: Antipin, N. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Antipin N. A. ‘Mass Political Repressions in Chelyabinsk Region, 1937–1938: Testimony of the Security Officer’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 251–267.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Great Terror

value: political repression

value: Stalin

value: USSR

value: Chelyabinsk region

value: NKVD

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Arslanov, R. A.

value: Moseуkina, М. N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Arslanov R. A., Moseуkina М. N. ‘National History in Textbooks of the Modern States of Central Asia: Goals and Methods of Presentation’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 210–226.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines the historical educational literature published in the post-Soviet states of Central
Asia. The author identifies the goals and methods of interpreting historical phenomena and highlights the features
of presenting material in textbooks and manuals of the various states of the region. This analysis considers the political
orientation of the published literature, the content of which is aimed, above all, at the integration of the local
population around the idea of independence and state sovereignty. In a number of textbooks of the post-Soviet
states, the goal of uniting society and the ruling circles is outlined, the achievement of which is due to the exposure
of the “external enemy”, one-sided negative assessments of the consequences of the now sovereign states’
entry into the Russian Empire, and later the Soviet Union. The study of the reflection of national history in educational
literature makes it possible to reveal the aspirations of power elites to achieve political goals rather than
scholarly and educational ones. However, the biased selection of material and distortion of facts, while deforming
historical knowledge, negatively affect the political atmosphere and sentiment of society, lead to the stirring up of
interethnic enmity, separation of peoples and spread of isolating national pride. The identification and comprehension
of the power intentions hidden in educational materials, as well as the methods of presenting the past,
create conditions for overcoming the biased interpretations of historical events and objective historic coverage.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 12; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: post-Soviet space

value: Central Asia

value: Russian Empire

value: national history

value: textbook


dc.contributor.author

value: Reshetnikov, S. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Reshetnikov S. V. ‘Participation of Russian Emigrants and Soviet POWs in the Resistance Movement on the Island of Oléron in 1944–1945’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 58–74.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores a little-known episode of the joint anti-fascist struggle of Russian emigrants and
Soviet citizens on the French Island of Oléron during the Second World War. In the fall of 1943, the Germans
began to transfer Eastern Wehrmacht troops, formed from Soviet citizens, to France. In the spring of 1944, one of
the companies of these Eastern Wehrmacht troops arrived on the island of Oléron to guard the Atlantic coast. At
that time, a group of Russian emigrants headed by V. B. Sosinskiy and V. L. Andreev lived on the island, and they
decided to get to know the Soviet soldiers who had arrived there. Freed from German captivity, Sosinskiy decided
to form a partisan group from these soldiers, which, after the first sabotage operation, officially became part of
the French Resistance. Sosinskiy’s group, initially collecting only intelligence data, soon began active sabotage
actions, which seriously reduced the combat capability of the local German garrison and allowed the Allies to
quickly liberate the island during its assault at the end of the war. The soldiers were convicted after they returned
home, but after returning to civilian life, they were rehabilitated with the help of immigrants.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: World War II

value: Soviet POWs

value: Russian emigration

value: collaboration

value: resistance movement

value: France

value: Oléron Island

value: Eastern Wehrmacht troops


dc.contributor.author

value: Golubev, E. B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golubev E. B. ‘On One Significant Fragment of N. I. Bukharin’s Report at the XIII Congress of the RCP(b): Talgenism pro et contra’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 185–200.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Talgenism, as a new teaching method, was discussed at the XIII Congress of the Russian Communist
Party (Bolsheviks) in N. I. Bukharin’s report “On work among young people” in 1924. This article analyzes details
and presumed possible consequences of that critical speech against Talgenism. Bukharin’s criticism became
well-known among the pedagogical community more than thirty years ago after half a century of oblivion. Then,
in the late 1980s, the study of the history of the discovery and spread of the unique method of collective mutual
learning of A. G. Rivin (Talgenism) began. Materials of followers and supporters, and also of opponents of
A. G. Rivin, were found in archives, magazines, newspapers, and books. Bukharin’s critical speech was also discovered.
However, at the same time, an opinion formed among teachers that the result of such a crushing “rout”
(at the party congress) was immediate: the criticized material was seized and extirpated. The author argues that
this position is erroneous, as he discovered an article by A. Vyshnepolskaya on Talgenism, which Bukharin criticized
at the congress, in the archival collection of the Russian National Library. In addition, it became possible to
find important details about the author of the text and the publication itself and put it into circulation. The analysis
of the relationship between power and education in 1920–1930 is carried out and reveals assumptions about
the reasons for criticism of the new teaching method, and the virtues of Talgenism are analyzed. The article is
provided with information about the fate of the Moscow Committee of party personnel, whose work was criticized
at the congress.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 12; Issue 1

value: Talgenism

value: method of A. G. Rivin

value: N. I. Bukharin

value: method of mobile dialogue

value: paired combinations

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Osipov, I. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Osipov I. V. ‘The Ural Republic in 1993: An Attempt to Expand the Independence by a Russian Region’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 158–172.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Ural Republic serves as an illustration of the struggle for expanding subjects’ independence and
transforming Russian federalism in the early 1990s. The purpose of this study is to explore the Ural Republic in
the context of the search for a Russian model of federalism in the early 1990s. Archival materials of the Russian
Presidential Administration structural divisions and state authorities of the Sverdlovsk region are key sources.
The main materials for the article include program documents and analytical notes reflecting views on the nature
of the state-territorial structure by current authorities and fixing the expert and analytical view of the higher state
authorities on the developing processes dynamics and associated risks. During the period under review, the
search for a new model of federalism and building relations between the federal center and the regions was carried
out not only in public and political discussions, but also by implementing specific steps in practice. In 1993,
in the context of the growing confrontation between the President and the Supreme Soviet and the formation of
new constitutional foundations for Russian statehood, one of the attempts to expand regional independence was
the activity of the Sverdlovsk region authorities. For several years the issue of increasing regional independence
and transferring a significant part of the powers from the federal center to the regions arose and developed before
the actual denouement in 1993. However, such aspirations were perceived ambiguously. Finally, the federal
center refused the request to expand independence in the form of creating the Ural Republic on the basis of the
Sverdlovsk region.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-39-90042 “The phenomenon
of the Ural Republic of 1993 in the Russian federal model formation in the post-Soviet period”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: regional policy

value: Russian Federation

value: Ural Republic

value: federalism

value: regionalism


dc.contributor.author

value: Arapkhanova, L. Ya.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Arapkhanova L. Ya. ‘Personal Files of the Expelled — A Source for the Research on the Special Settlement Regime’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 127–144.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article explores an important archival source, the personal files of deportees, the original form of
the document compiled by the NKVD characterizing the identity of a person who is on special settlement. These
are massive official documents of a personal nature, applied to all adults deported during World War II from different
regions and republics of the former USSR. The author reveals previously classified personal files and documents
on the legal status of special settlers. The introduction of new documents into circulation made it possible
to shed light on many aspects of the life of deportees related to their social and legal adaptation in new places
of settlements. A personal file clearly demonstrates both the conditions of detention at the special settlement,
and changes in the regulatory framework governing the life of this category within the framework of the special
settlement system in the USSR. In accordance with the ongoing changes, a special commandant introduced each
special settler to the new standards, who were given receipts. The file contains four receipts that allow one to divide
the period from 1944 to 1957 into four stages. The article emphasizes that for post-deportation generations, the
presence of personal files containing personal data was a good opportunity in restoring not only history, but also
genealogy. It has both important scholarly, socio-legal, and political significance for the study of destinies, both of
individuals and of entire nations. As examples, some documents are contained in the personal files of the evicts.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 12; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: deportation

value: Kazakhstan

value: Kyrgyzstan

value: personal file

value: special settler

value: special settlements

value: expelled

value: Ingush

value: Chechens

value: repression


dc.contributor.author

value: Batchenko, V. S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Batchenko V. S. ‘The Cosmonaut Training Center in the 1960s: Problems of Logistics and Organization’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 145–157.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Based on declassified archival documents, this article examines key difficulties of the initial period of
human preparation for space flight, carried out in the USSR at the Cosmonaut Training Center (CPC). In historiography,
much has been said about the medical and psychological selection of the first group of cosmonauts, the
physical exertion that the future conquerors of space experienced, but organizational and everyday difficulties
remained behind the scenes. This work aims to identify the main problems faced by the CPC leadership and the
first cosmonauts, and to place new emphasis on the problems of space exploration in the 1960s. The lack of a unified
management of the space exploration process led to the fact that, on the one hand, the realities of the Cold
War and the space race with the United States were pressing, and on the other hand, for more than ten years,
cosmonauts-in-training had to put up with field training in centrifuges and for about twenty years in swimming
pools, without the necessary equipment on the territory of the Center. The lack of balanced nutrition, the violation
of rest and sleep, and failures in training due to the lack of instructors and equipment only added to this picture.
The complexity of all the above-mentioned difficulties further illustrates the will of military pilots admitted to space
flights to achieve the ultimate goal in any way. It is also important that the CPC leadership, being at the forefront of
historical events, sought the status of a scientific institution for its organization, which allowed it to attract qualified
personnel and develop the scientific potential of its employees. This problem, as well as the construction of the
centrifuge, was solved only by the end of the 1960s.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the grant of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of young
Russian scientists-candidates of sciences, project MK-1745.2021.2

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Cosmonaut Training Center

value: centrifuge

value: hydro laboratory

value: Institute of Aviation Medicine

value: flight training

value: cosmonaut

value: space

value: USSR

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kryshtaleva, M. K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kryshtaleva M. K. ‘Alexander Benois Archive: Collection and Distribution’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 173–184.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Art historian, artist, and critic Alexander Nikolaevich Benois (1870–1960) collected and systematized
his archive both before and after emigration from Leningrad to Paris in 1926. According to his own assessments
and according to contemporaries, the materials contained in the archive are valuable for studying the
history of art culture at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and as sources for the history of Russian
emigration in the first half of the twentieth century. Research and exhibitions devoted to the biography and work of Benois, as a rule, focus on his activities until the autumn of 1926 and narrate the artist’s activities in emigration,
not appealing to archival materials of this period. During 34 years of emigration, part of the archive, partially transported
from Leningrad, was replenished with new materials of a personal and professional nature. His personal
archive became part of the museum’s collections during his lifetime, and after his death it was distributed among
several more storage locations in Russia and the United States, still partially remaining in the family. Information
about the archival heritage of Benois is extremely scattered, which might explain their insufficient coverage in
studies of Russian emigration, as well as ideas about the activities and significance of Benois personality for the
artistic and the emigration world of the mid-twentieth century. The article traces the history of the formation and
principles of collecting the archive, identifies the reasons and the course of distribution, systematize information
about its location and the composition of materials in storage places.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 12; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Russian emigration

value: Rossica

value: Mir Iskusstva

value: сultural heritage


dc.contributor.author

value: Bogomazov, N. I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bogomazov N. I. ‘Forgotten, but not Ignored, Personnel: Female Labor on the Railways of the Russian Empire’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 201–209.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the book Forgotten Personnel. Female labor on the railways of the Russian
Empire, written by V. A. Serdiuk. This book belongs to the popular scholarly trend of “gender history,” but it is not
only a work on the history of women on the railways and an analysis of their work experience. The book is equally
a study of the history of Russian railways in general: the author, using new data, presents a fresh look at the development
of Russian railways from 1838 to 1917. The strength of the work is the presence in each of chapter of a
separate paragraph on the development of the same “gender” processes on foreign railroads, especially in the
USA, Great Britain, France, and Germany. This allows us to better understand Russian problems. The monograph
shows that “in terms of the number of female employees and the degree of their involvement in railway activities”,
Russia was second only to France. At the same time, the article presents some comments. First of all, there is
insufficient analysis of the period of Nicholas II, especially the First World War. Although general trends are shown,
such as the increase in the number of women employed in the railways, nevertheless, a number of aspects require
further and more detailed study. This is especially important for the railways located in the theater of military
operations. However, the monograph by V. A. Serdiuk is largely a pioneering work that significantly expands our
understanding of the problem.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: women

value: female labor

value: railways

value: Russia

value: First World War

value: gender history


dc.contributor.author

value: Gagkuev, R. G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gagkuev R. G. ‘A Report by French Captain Paul Pelliot on the Situation in Eastern Siberia and the Far East in Russia in the Winter of 1918’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, pp. 227–250.

dc.description.abstract

value: Civil War

value: intervention

value: France

value: Siberia

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Chirikova, Alla E.

value: Ledyaev, Valeri G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chirikova A. E., Ledyaev V. G. Top management of town-forming enterprises and legislatures of small towns: Persons matter. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2022, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 4–22.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the outcomes of an empirical study in three small towns of the Russian
Federation in 2012–2015 and 2019–2020. The main empirical material was obtained through
in-depth interviews (101 interviews in total) with the main actors of local politics. The study
showed that in all communities the leadership of town-forming enterprises has a substantial
potential to influence decision-making process. However, the degree and nature of their
involvement in urban politics varies significantly — from active involvement to leaving. In
both cases, the interests of enterprises were taken into account by the leadership of the
legislatures, which either directly consisted of representatives of the enterprises, or from the
very beginning positioned itself as their partner. When the local representative government
is headed by representatives of big business, the possibilities for exercising control over the actions of the executive branch increase. The study showed that town legislatures are a platform
for reconciling the interests of big business and the executive branch, without which
the participation of big business in the local political processes would be behind the scene
and informal. The possibility of turning the legislature into a platform for coordinating interests
directly depends on the personal qualities of town and business leaders, their authority
and understanding of the importance of cooperation. In the absence of this, the legislature
will not be able to successfully participate in the elaboration of the community development
strategy. The study showed that the company’s desire to coordinate its actions with the executive
branch does not necessarily lead to a clear dominance of the company over municipal
structures, and the real partnership between the two main participants in urban politics largely
depends on the personal factor.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: small town

value: legislature

value: town-forming enterprise

value: top management


dc.contributor.author

value: Pushkareva, Galina V.

value: Mikhaylova, Olga V.

value: Batovrina, Ekaterina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pushkareva G. V., Mikhaylova O. V., Batovrina E. V. Interaction of government, scientific and expert community: Prospects of evidence-based policy in Russia. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2022, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 23–38.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article analyzes the interaction of state, scientific, and expert communities in order to determine
the prospects for introducing the methods of “evidence-based policy” into the Russian practice
of public administration. It reveals to what extent the representatives of the state and expert
communities are ready to cooperate to increase the scientific validity of government decisions.
Research was carried out by using focused interviews. The purposive sample included public authorities
and representatives of scientific, expert, and educational communities from ten regions
of Russia. In general, both public servants and representatives of scientific and expert communities
realize the significance of using evidence-based policy tools for developing government
decisions. However, the mutual expectations that are formed can hardly be called harmonious
due to a fair amount of skepticism on both sides. A significant number of public servants doubt
that scientific knowledge of social, economic, and political processes is objective, and some are
afraid that scientists will introduce their value preferences into analytical materials. The representatives
of scientific community, in their turn, suspect decision-makers of being overly obsessed
with a narrow circle of confidants, of misunderstanding of the role of analytics in the development
of public policy, and an inability to appreciate the work done by expert scientists. Lack of mutual
trust is the main reason for the skeptical attitude of decision-makers to cooperate with the scientific
and expert community and pushes them either to maintain contacts with proven analytical
centers, as a rule, affiliated with the government, or forces them to rely solely on materials prepared
by employees of the relevant state departments.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research and EISR, project
No. 21-011-31194.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: evidence-based policy

value: scientific expertise

value: government decision making

value: scientific and expert community

value: forms of interaction of government


dc.contributor.author

value: Erokhin, Aleksey M.

value: Avdeev, Evgenii A.

value: Vorobev, Sergej M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Erokhin A. M., Avdeev E. A., Vorobev S. M. The national heritage of the USSR in young people’s views in the North Caucasus. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2022, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 87–107.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reviews the representations of youth of the North Caucasus of the Soviet national-state
heritage and national policy, and their role in the formation of Russian identity. The goal is to study
ideas of young people about the Soviet historical heritage, and to determine the similarities and
differences in the ideas of the youth of the Russian and Caucasian peoples about Soviet identity
and values and the national policy of the USSR. The theoretical and methodological basis of
the study is made up of main approaches and concepts of foreign and Russian scholars of the
problem of the formation of civil nations and the role of ideas about the historical in the formation
of national-state identity. The empirical basis is sociological research consisting of ideas and
views of young people in the North Caucasus in the field of Soviet historical heritage. It can be
assumed that the role of ideas about the Soviet era in the formation of the national-state identity
of modern youth in the North Caucasus is important for the majority of respondents. A number of
traditional values of the Soviet era, such as a respect for the person of labor, social equality, and
the comprehensive development of the individual guaranteed by the state are still important for
today’s youth. Most young people do not remember the achievements and shortcomings of the
Soviet nationality policy in the region. In general, the study with a high degree of probability indicates
that that Soviet national-state heritage is an important factor in the formation of the identity
of the modern youth of the North Caucasus. The harmonization of interethnic relations and the
formation of interethnic harmony among young people are largely determined by their attitudes
to the Soviet historical heritage. Further work in forming a single conceptual basis for the policy
of historical memory for a multiethnic region is still necessary, as is more consistency in the work
of government bodies for its implementation. Representations of history should be of a consolidating
nature, contributing to the formation of historical continuity and general guidelines for the
national identity of young people.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research according to the project
No. 21-09-43018 “National policy of the USSR and its impact on the modern ethnopolitical situation
in the views of North Caucasus youth”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 18; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: youth

value: the North Caucasus

value: national-state identity

value: Soviet nationality policy

value: Soviet era

value: historical memory

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Zaitsev, Stanislav Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zaitsev S. Yu. Areas of interaction between digital corporations and the government in the political sphere of Russia. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2022, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 56–71.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The widespread use of the Internet, the desire of leading world powers to implement the
concept of the digital economy, and the scientific and technological progress in this area
have led to an increasing influence of large digital corporations. The features of such corporations
are the development of products, services, and infrastructure that ensure further
digitalization of various spheres of society, as well as the use of a “platform” business model
by companies. The increase in financial resources of digital corporations and their dominant
position in the development of technologies are a qualitative reserve for influencing political
processes: spreading fake news or to build communication between candidates and citizens
during election campaigns; the use of products of digital corporations by activists to mobilize
and coordinate mass protests; and participation of large corporations in the implementation
of government programs for the digitalization of the public sector. The activities of digital corporations, thanks to the distribution of their products, have led to a change in a number
of sectors of the economy (passenger transportation, trade, hospitality, advertising, etc.) and
exposed the problems that states, as key political actors, will have to solve in the near future.
Thus, the state needs to resist digital corporations in their desire to monopolize markets, ensure
the security of citizens’ personal data, and reduce the negative consequences of individuals
using digital products and services. The article examines the key aspects of interaction
between the state and digital corporations in Russia. The author highlights the main areas of
cooperation and conflict between the state and digital corporations, based on an analysis of
the most indicative and relevant cases.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: digital corporations

value: government

value: business

value: digitalization

value: platform


dc.contributor.author

value: Rasskazov, Sergey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rasskazov S. V. Recursivity in digital collaboration platforms. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2022, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 39–55.

dc.description.abstract

value: This article investigates conditions of the reproduction of the techno-social component of recursivity with collective collaboration in the development and use of network information technologies. For this purpose, this article uses two cases that give a prototype of the institution of “governability without interference.” In the concept of the “recursive public” that underlies the first case, accessibility and changeability of the subject of its activity are important. Such conditions take place in the social environment of programmers who create and develop freely available software. In its scheme, passive and active recursive processes are distinguished. The first case is “consumption” of software by external stakeholders, while the second is about active participation of community members in its creation. Close to this concept are the ideas of “recursive organization,” “recursive citizenship,” and “recursive democracy” in a networked society. These are revealed in the second case using the example of the Decidim project. A distinctive feature of the digital political network that is being formed is the desire to meet basic requirements of radical democracy. It is shown that this orientation is largely associated with the ideas and experience of the social movement 15-M. Project participants, collaborating with each other, can consistently control the functioning of its digital platform and data, as well as modify other elements, including internal code and interface part. In the activities of the community that has developed in the project, the recursive process of creating organizational structures and their influence on the formation of the “action space” is highlighted. As in the first case, we can specify active and passive forms of recursion in the project. The understanding of technopolitical democratization, including the recursion mechanism, is disclosed. The process is presented in the form of an ontology schema. The results obtained concretize the understanding of recursivity and its impact on the development of digital collaboration platforms.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was performed under the Russian Science Foundation grant 19-18-00210 “Political
ontology of digitalization: Study of institutional bases for digital forms of governability”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 18; Issue 1

value: recursivity

value: collaboration platform

value: collective collaboration

value: recursive public

value: recursive organisation

value: governability without interference

value: ontology


dc.contributor.author

value: Avksentev, Viktor A.

value: Aksiumov, Boris V.

value: Gritsenko, Galina D.

value: Ivanova, Svetlana Yu.

value: Shulga, Marina M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Avksentev V. A., Aksiumov B. V., Gritsenko G. D., Ivanova S. Yu., Shulga M. M. Formation of Russian identity in the North Caucasus: Institutional and sociocultural framework. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2022, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 72–86.

dc.description.abstract

value: Identification processes take place in a specific political and sociocultural environment, which limits the constructivist potential of political actors and affects the final result. The article presents the results of the research project “Institutional, Historical, and Cultural Framework of the Formation of All-Russian Identity in the North Caucasus,” aimed at identifying the institutional and socio-cultural conditions and factors of identity policy pursued by the Russian authorities in the North Caucasus. According to the results of empirical research, Russian identity in the North Caucasus is being built as a result of the interaction of all-Russian, ethnic, and confessional identities competing with each other. The expert survey and participant observation confirm and develop the conclusions that the identification sphere of the region carries the risks of conflicts caused by this competition. This assessment is confirmed by the analysis of documents on the regulation of ethno-confessional relations in federal subjects of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasus. The ratio of the all-Russian and ethnocultural components in the documents defining the identity policy in the regions of the North Caucasus is equal, however, in certain areas of policy in five of the seven federal subjects, the priority of regulations that contribute to the institutionalization of ethnocultural identity is manifested. It is shown that symbolic resources in the process of the formation of the all-Russian identity in the North Caucasus are used inefficiently. The conclusion is made about the necessity of strengthening the all-Russian vector in the identity policy in the North Caucasus.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared as a part of the implementation of the state assignment of the Southern
Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Institutional, historical and cultural framework for
the formation of an all-Russian identity in the North Caucasus” (State registration No. 121062800066-6)
of the Program of fundamental and applied scientific research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
“Ethno-cultural diversity of Russian society and strengthening of all-Russian identity”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Russian identity

value: North Caucasus

value: identity politics

value: institutional framework

value: socio-cultural framework

value: symbolic context

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shabaev, Yuri P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shabaev Yu. P. The anatomy of the ethnopolitical conflict. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2022, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 108–115.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Book review: Achkasov V. A., Abalyan A. I., Andreev A. A., Nikiforov A. A. Ethnopolitical conflicts
and mobilization in the modern world: post-soviet context, ed. by V. A. Achkasov, A. I. Abalyan.
St Petersburg: Publishing house of the RKhGA, 2021. 640 p.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 18; Issue 1


dc.contributor.author

value: BONSIEPEN, WOLFGANG

dc.identifier.citation

value: BONSIEPEN W. HEGEL’S DOCTRINE OF SPACE AND TIME, PRESENTED ON THE BASIS OF TWO REVISED LECTURE NOTES. Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology, 2022, vol. 11 issue 1, pp. 306–342.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology;Volume 11; Issue 1


dc.contributor.author

value: BELOUSOV, MIKHAIL

dc.identifier.citation

value: BELOUSOV M. CRISIS OF SCIENCES AND PHENOMENOLOGY: OVERCOMING OR RADICALIZATION?. Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology, 2022, vol. 11 issue 1, pp. 40–72.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In his late works Husserl interprets the crisis of European sciences as the loss of their meaning for
life. The diagnosis seems to suggest therapeutic strategy: to overcome the crisis, phenomenology must
return to the evidences of the life-world. The article argues that the husserlian strategy of overcoming
the crisis consists not in the elimination of the break with the prescientific evidences of the natural
attitude, but, on the contrary, in the radicalization of the breach. Thus, I want to show that Husserl
seeks to overcome the crisis of sciences by means of more radical crisis of phenomenology. In Husserl’s
view, phenomenology must become the only science, which does not presuppose the life-world, since
it problematizes it. I am going to argue also, that the counterintuitive strategy is not just of the historico-
philosophical interest, but is meaningful for the actual philosophical understanding of the lifeworld.
To justify those claims, I will proceed in three stages. In the first section of the article, I analyze
the difference between the objective world and the life-world, which is the point of departure of husserlian
interpretation of the crisis of sciences in Crisis. Bringing into correlation the difference between
the objective world and the life-world in Crisis with the distinction of the ideal world and the real one in Ideas I, I disclose the ambiguity of husserlian interpretation of the crisis of European sciences. According
to Husserl, the crisis arises, when science transcends the life-world through the idealizations,
and, at the same time, presupposes the immediate prescientific evidences as something that is taken for
granted. In the second section, I argue that the strategy of overcoming the crisis in Crisis is based on
the phenomenological epoche, which allows for the porblematization of the life-world without presupposing
it, Within this context I demonstrate the motivational unity of two reductions, performed by
Husserl in Crisis–the reduction to the life-world, stripping the reality of the garb of ideas mistakingly
taken to be the reality itself, and the reduction of the life-world, turning it into horizon and depriving
phenomenologist of a right of relying on the life-worldly evidences, which is taken for granted in the
natural science and renders it possible. The unity of the reductions indicates that phenomenological
descent back down to the life-world is treated by Husserl as the radical break with the evidences of the
natural life. The third section discusses the question, whether the problematical character of the lifeworld
can be revealed only from the point of view of disinterested spectator, or it can be discovered, in
a way, from within, in pretheoretical experience, which capacitates the life to problematizing itself and
motivates phenomenological epoche. I argue that, although the question is not answered in a suitable
way within husserlian analyses of the motivation for the epoche, the key to the solution of the problem
is provided by the genetic phenomenology, since it thematizes the historicity of the life-world. I interpret
the historicity as the ambivalent pretheoretical experience, constituting both the self-evidence and
the problematical character of the life-world.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 20-011-00842
“Formation and Transformation of Сoncepts in Phenomenological Philosophy. History of Terms
and Discussions.”

dc.subject

value: crisis of European sciences

value: epoche

value: life-world

value: objective world

value: Husserl

value: idealization

value: historicity


dc.contributor.author

value: LIVADAS, STATHIS

dc.identifier.citation

value: LIVADAS S. ARGUING FOR THE “DESTRUCTION” OF THE A PRIORI. THE PROMPTS FROM HUSSERLIAN PHENOMENOLOGY. Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology, 2022, vol. 11 issue 1, pp. 114–140.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article argues against the concept of a priori and essence as they have been traditionally thematized
in the course of the old metaphysical-idealist tradition. Specifically, I argue against the existence
of an ontological a priori, often endowed with metaphysical-platonic connotations, by attempting to
“relocate” it in the subjective sphere and thus reduce it to the being and modes of being of a transcendental
subjectivity. To do so, I will be appealing to a phenomenological, Husserlian approach, while
pointing to a possible connection with the Kantian views on the matter and also taking into account
certain views in the secondary literature. Since a substantial part of my position is associated with the
notion of a constituting, transcendental subjectivity further reducible to the origin of inner temporality,
I intend to show that the objectivity constraints put in this way on the conception of the transcendental
a priori may ultimately lead to a “destruction” of its traditional ontological sense. Given that
in transcendental phenomenology the concept of a priori “appears” both in the constituting and the
constituted level, I aim to show that it is precisely in this context that the a priori cannot rid itself of the
vestiges of factuality brought in by means of the very constitutive, subjective processes implying ipso
facto the question of the role of the constituting origin of temporality.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: constitutive a priori

value: constituting subjectivity

value: endless regression

value: inner temporality

value: reflective ego

value: transcendental a priori

value: transcendental subjectivity

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: VORLAUFER, JOHANNES

dc.identifier.citation

value: VORLAUFER J. ABOUT “GUARDING THE HIDDENNESS” AND THE QUESTION OF THE DIGNITY OF THE HUMAN BEING. PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO A BASIC ETHICAL CONCEPT. Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology, 2022, vol. 11 issue 1, pp. 93–113.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Against the background of worldwide, intentional or unintentional everyday violations of human dignity
and the epochal need to experience oneself as a human being in one’s specific way of being, this
article attempts to pursue the question of human dignity and its concealment. On the one hand, it
seeks to ask whether human dignity has become obsolete due to social and epochal developments and
preconditions and whether it can only appear and be experienced as antiquated in the context of a
technological language or an administered world. On the other hand, it asks whether ethical and anthropological
thinking have not sufficiently experienced, thought, and conceptualized man. From the
context of these perspectives that determine the question of dignity, Heidegger’s article seeks to take
up Heidegger’s repeated search for an original ethics based on Heraclitus’ fragment 119, and from this
point of view to ask for a perhaps deeper and more adequate understanding of human dignity. At the
centre of this is Heidegger’s thesis that human dignity is based on the protection of the unhidden and,
ever before, the hiddenness of all beings. Without wanting to ignore the difficulty and complexity of
Heidegger’s thinking, the author seeks to find access to this understanding of our dignity based on the
experience of personal encounters.

dc.language.iso

value: de

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology;Volume 11; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: phenomenology

value: original ethics

value: concealment and non concealment

value: numerical thinking

value: thinking in values

value: nihilism

value: emancipation

value: dignity oblivion

value: function


dc.contributor.author

value: MARCHEGIANI, GIULIO

dc.identifier.citation

value: MARCHEGIANI G. ALTERITY, FACTICITY AND FOUNDATION OF FINITE FREEDOM IN LEVINAS. A COMPARISON WITH FICHTE. Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology, 2022, vol. 11 issue 1, pp. 73–92.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Starting with the emphasis that Levinas puts on the role of otherness in the constitution of subjective
dimension, this paper discusses how the articulation of this process and the consequences that derive
from it recall specifically Fichtean themes. Although the relation between Levinas and Fichte has not
been thoroughly examined in the literature yet, it can nevertheless be shown that themes such as the
“call” of the subject from the outside, from the unattainable dimension of an otherness irreducible to
any immanence and the factual and finite character of its correlative freedom can be understood by
reference to the categories that Fichte develops in his texts on law and morals. The reference to Fichte,
who already in his considerations on the Wissenschaftslehre recognizes an external Anstoß as determining
the reality of the subject, will allows to elucidate the fundamental structure of Levinas’ thought.
Particular attention is paid in Levinas to the belonging of otherness to an immemorial past, which in
the impossibility of being traced back to the presence of consciousness finds the guarantee of its radical
transcendence. Thus, another temporal (or rather, extra-temporal) dimension is configured which
also in Fichte refers to an “exteriority” that cannot be assumed by the subject, but only ascertained a
posteriori, hence its factual character. Through an interpretation of the fundamental meaning that the
primacy of otherness over sameness has in Levinas and the attempt to reflect this relationship through
the reference to similar Fichtean motifs, it becomes clearer that the basic meaning of a radical thought
of otherness does not cancel the sameness of subject, but on the contrary allows to found it by connecting
it to its constitutive, unavoidable heteronomy.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: recognition

value: intersubjectivity

value: sameness

value: subjectivity

value: transcendence

value: finitude

value: freedom

value: Levinas

value: Fichte


dc.contributor.author

value: SLININ, YAROSLAV

dc.identifier.citation

value: SLININ Ya. CARTESIAN “I THINK, THEREFORE, I AM” IN THE PERSPECTIVES OF LOGIC AND PHENOMENOLOGY. Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology, 2022, vol. 11 issue 1, pp. 27–39.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this article the questions under discussion are the properties of Descartes’s application of the first
rule of his method, which requires not to agree with anything that could give rise to doubt. It is well
known that Descartes came to the conclusion that only the truth “I think, therefore I am” is undoubted.
The article examines the logical status of this truth and reveals that it is an entimeme where the major
premise is unstated. An analysis of Descartes’s works shows that the premise that he does not explicitly
express is the proposition “If I think, therefore I exist, and if I do not think, then I do not exist.”
It follows that Descartes’ complete syllogism would be like this: “I exist if and only if I think; I think;
therefore, I exist.” In this paper, the discussion focuses on the proof of the certainty of the position
“I exist,” proposed by St Augustin in his treatise The City of God. St Augustin proves the proposition
“I am deceived that I exist” to be false in every possible interpretation. Hence the position “I exist” is
true in every possible interpretation. According to Descartes, the only undoubted statements are those
that are kept within the limits of “I think,” or within the limits of inner experience, while the data of
external experience are always dubious. Thus, the statement “I walk” is not obvious, since it can only
seem to me that I am walking. At the same time, the judgment “It seems to me that I walk” is undoubtedly.
Ancient sceptics also believed that the data of internal experience are doubtless, and the data of
external experience are not due to the fact that all objects of the external world are in fact not what they
seem to be. However, there is a significant difference between the ancient sceptical approach and that of
Descartes. I put forward the view that the ancient sceptics, although they are convinced that the things
of the external world are not what they seem, still surely believe that each item in that world exists. But
Descartes surpassed both ancient sceptics and academics in their scepticism, since he doubted the very
existence of the external world. He was able to imagine that he exists exclusively as a thinking entity
with no body, no world around him, and no space to store that world. It is by the fact that Descartes
doubts the existence of the external world that he has cleared the way for transcendental philosophy
and phenomenology.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology;Volume 11; Issue 1

value: Descartes

value: logic

value: method

value: Saint Augustine

value: external experience

value: internal experience

value: radical skepticism

dc.type

value: Article