dc.contributor.author

value: Vasilyeva, Olga A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasilyeva О. А. 2023. Archaeological monuments of Ancient Egypt in the collection of V. S. Golenishchev (based on the materials of card index). The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 184–201. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper continues study of the unpublished archival material kept in the Department of
Ancient Orient at the State Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. The aim of this publication is to
put into scientific use the provenance data written by Golenischeff’s hand on Egyptian objects from his own collection. In present paper we analyse the information from the so called ‘fichiers’
(cards) indicating the strict location, from which the object comes. The purchase of an
object at some place did not mean, however, the same geographical provenience of an object.
Sometimes Golenischeff indicates this provenance from dealers’s words. The cards also bear
indirect references (Latin cf. and French à comparer — “to compare”) to many geographical locations,
and to the publications of outstanding researchers of that time (W. M. Flinders Petrie,
G. Quibell, E. Naville et al). Consequently, we may suppose the same provenance for these
‘compared’ (i. e. analogous) monuments. Occasionally the information about the purchases is
combined with details about the dealers (legal antiquarians or illegal diggers). In this paper
we also add the information from the Golenischeff’ notebooks kept in Paris and from the archaeological
reports (one of them is a newly published material). A unique evidence gives us
the inscriptions made by Golenischeff’ hand (in black ink or graphite pencil) on the surface
of some ceramic. So far, we are aware of 8 such objects (in one case there is a paper sheet with
an indication of geographical site).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research presented in the article is sponsored by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 19-
18-00369 “The Classical Orient: culture, world-view, tradition of research in Russia (based on the monuments
in the collection of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and archive sources)”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 14; Issue 2

value: collection of W. S. Golenischeff

value: the State Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts

value: provenance of museum objects

value: Ancient Egypt

value: antiquity dealers

value: ancient Egyptian ceramics

value: archaeology

value: illegal diggings

dc.title

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-42-59+Васильева.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Pachobut, Natallia А.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pachobut N. A. 2023. First Russian scholars projects on musealization of archaeological heritage in Soviet Belarus. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 169–183. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of the study is to analyze archival sources on the problem of museumification
of the archaeological heritage of Belarus. In the late 1940s and 1960s Russian scientists
N. N. Voronin, N. N. Gurina developed concepts and design proposals for the creation
of archaeological museums in Grodno and Krasnoselsky settlement in Grodno region, but
were not published. N. N. Voronin substantiated the creation of the “Museum of Monuments
of Russian Grodno” (1947) on the territory of the Old Castle. He proposed measures for
the preservation and presentation of churches (XII–XIV cent.), civil architecture, defensive
structures (XII–XVII cent.). N. N. Gurina developed the project of the Museum of Neolithic
Silica Mines (1972). The author of the article focuses on archaeologists and architects’ scientific
approaches to museumification (complex, landscape, axiological, cultural), methods for
adapting ruins to museum (conservation of excavation and objects, restoration to stabilize
ruins, protection within pavilions), principles of museumification — preservation, authenticity,
scientific. N. N. Gurina’s project distinguishes by the planning, zoning of the museum-
reserve territory; it focuses on the harmonization of the landscape and design elements,
measures to ensure security and protection, there are elements of improvement, tourist infrastructure.
N. N. Voronin with the architect I. V. Trofimov tested the restoration measures
associated with the excavation, determined the sources of funding and a new direction of
museum activity was founded. The author concludes that the museumification of archeological
sites, considered as a cultural project, includes a number of stages: archaeological
identification of the monument, the historical and cultural valorization of all objects, the
development of methods of conservation and restoration, the creation of architectural and
art projects of the building, exposition.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: museum

value: museumification

value: project

value: conservation

value: archaeological heritage

value: Old Grodno Castle

value: Krasnoselsky mines

value: Nikolai Nikolaevich Voronin

value: Nina Nikolaevna Gurina

dc.type

value: Article

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-27-41+Почобут.pdf

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Konkova, Ludmila V.

value: Shikhova, Anastasiia E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Konkova L. V., Shikhova A. Е. 2023. Japan practices in the preservation of cultural heritage. Nara Research Center. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 289–301. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.212 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the history, structure and methods of work of the Nara Research Center,
as well as the socio-cultural context of its establishment. Compared to many countries, the
experience of preserving cultural heritage in Japan began to take shape relatively recently,
but over the past period, original forms of working with heritage unique to Japan have been
developed, which have expanded the world experience in this area. Familiarity with the Japanese
experience can be useful for the Russian museum community and can contribute to the
emergence of new forms in the domestic practice of dealing with heritage. One of the striking
manifestations of the organization of cultural heritage conservation in Japan is the activity
of the National Research Institute in Nara. There are currently no works in the domestic
literature devoted to the analysis. Since the 50s of the 20th century, the Japanese government
has actively begun to work in the field of preserving and protecting universal cultural values.
The Nara National Research Institute is an excellent example of a government organization
that is engaged in a wide range of work to preserve the country’s cultural assets, as well as
scientific education and international activities. The work of the National Research Center is
a striking example of a well-functioning system for the protection of cultural property operating
in Japan at the state level. The competence of the center includes not only conducting
excavations, but also analyzing the extracted materials, extensive educational, educational and
international security activities. The data obtained during the research is carefully structured
and digitized and will be made publicly available through several public databases created for
a detailed study of issues related to archeology and related sciences.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Japan

value: Nara

value: research center

value: cultural property

dc.title

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-147-159+Конькова,+Шихова.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Metelkin, Evgeny N.

value: Sokhor, Tatiana E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Metelkin E. N., Sokhor T. E. 2023. National museums of communication and postal service in postal miniature of Germany, France and Russia. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 146–160. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the second half of the 19th century, almost simultaneously with the establishment of the
Universal Postal Union (UPU) in 1874, postal museums began to open across Europe. The
first postal museums opened in the UPU founding countries — Germany and Russia. The
objectives and concepts of these museums were presented differently to their organizers. In
Germany they tried to cover the history of the world mail, in Russia — the development of
telegraph, as the most modern means of communication, and France — demonstrated a desire
to become the capital of typology. The creation of postal museums, which were seen not only
as cultural phenomena but also as a national strategic element, also involved national governments
(or their departments). The Second World War changed not only philatelic themes, but
also influenced changes in display activities. Today there are postal museums in virtually every
country in the world, but not every philatelic production reflects the stages of their creation
and development. Images of world postal museums, their creators and exhibits in the Timbrology
media space emphasize that postage stamps, in addition to their main purpose — payment
for postal messages, perform supplementary functions — advertising and educational.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Communication Museum in Berlin

value: Ernst Heinrich von Stephan

value: Postal Museum in Paris

value: Eugène Weier

value: Museum of Communication in St. Petersburg

value: Karl Karlovich Lueders

value: Alexander Stepanovich Popov

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-4-18+Метелкин,+Сохор.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Ptichenko, Marina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ptichenko M. V. 2023. Тarot Arcana in the collection of the State Museum of the History of Religion: Attribution issues. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 202–213. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the attribution of two items from the collection of the Museum of the
History of Religion, the history and purpose of which have long remained unknown. These
are the Tarot arcana, which came into the museum’s collection in 1940. A comparison of items
from the museum’s library, the scientific and historical archives, a study of records, and the use
of contemporary publications made it possible to attribute these items as belonging to the history
of the Order of the Martinists in Petrograd/Leningrad, led by Grigory Otonovich Mebes.
Related to his name is the Course of the Encyclopaedia of the Occult — lectures in which Mebes
referred to the hermetic sciences, magic, the Kabbalah, drawing on the symbolism of the
major arcana of the Tarot for explanations. This explains the abundance of drawings done in
pencil, ink and ink, as well as the “gift” copy of the large-format major arcana in the museum’s
collections. The arcana, drawn after Papius’s Tarot models, revealed the continuity between
the Petrograd Martinists and the Western esoteric tradition. Numerous contemporary publications
and mentions of Mebes’ name in the literature on the history of esotericism, and the
discussions that have developed on the iconography of the Tarot arcana illustrating Mebes’
lectures, are clear evidence of the fact that the museum has unique materials that should be
introduced into academic discourse as one of the valuable historical sources.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 14; Issue 2

value: Museum of the History of Religion

value: Tarot Arcana

value: Grigory Ottonovich Mebes

value: Martinist Order

value: Etteila

value: Encyclopedia of occultism

dc.type

value: Article

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-60-71+Птиченко.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Kazantseva, Olga A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kazantseva O. A. 2023. Museum education of history students at the Udmurt State University. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 229–238. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article considers the museum education of students (on the example of educational, museum
practice) at the university, which is an integral part of the general culture of modern
youth and is based on the experience of communication with museums in the family and
school. Educational museum practice at the Institute of History and Sociology of the Udmurt
State University of Izhevsk (direction of training 46.03.01 “History”, bachelors) has a purpose
and objectives, stages, program and base of conduct. The results of the students’ museum
practice in the field of formation of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, development of
professional competencies are presented. The experience of conducting is summarized and
certain problems are identified both in the organization of educational practice by the university
(per diem and the amount for accommodation in practice, the choice of a museum
as a place of practice, mutually beneficial cooperation “university to museum”, “museum to
university”), and in the implementation of students’ activities in various departments of museums.
The idea is expressed about the prospects of the work of students-historians during
the internship at the museum, not only as museum employees, but also as volunteers (guides,
fund workers, researchers, etc.) in the organization of events held by the institution. Volunteering
helps students to better understand the content of the work of a particular museum,
have a clearer idea of modern professions in the museum, immerse themselves in the museum
space. The work of students in the field of project activities on the subject of the department,
the formation of a student’s personal interest in the course work or tasks of the basic museum
is relevant in educational practice.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: museum

value: museum education

value: student

value: historians

value: the program of educational practice

value: cooperation of the University and the basic Museum

dc.title

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-87-96+Казанцева.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Ngitir, Victor Bayena

value: Ebwa Ebwa, Serge-Michaël

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ngitir V. B., Ebwa Ebwa S.-M. 2023. Commemorating national cultures at Cameroon’s Museum of Civilizations. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 247–267. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.209

dc.description.abstract

value:
Of the 20 private museums recognized by the Cameroon government, the Museum of Civilizations,
Dschang (Musee des Civilizations, MDC) stands out as a hub of national cultures,
despite its poor visitation and low visibility. Conceived in 1996 and inaugurated in November
2010, MDC was located at the heart of Dschang town in the West Region of Cameroon
(Central Africa). Its central theme is man at the heart of his cultural identity for a dialogue of
civilizations. Today, MDC faces fierce challenges as it memorializes the cultures of the Fang-
Beti-Bulu, Sudano-Sahelian, Grassfields and Sawa peoples of Cameroon. This paper revisits
MDC among other things, as a melting pot of Cameroonian cultures and regional identities.
Our central question is: “how, despite its multiple challenges, does MDC successfully memorialize
Cameroon’s four principal cultural areas?” While cultural representations remain central,
concerns of identity, research and the teaching of museology have also been highlighted.
A blend of qualitative research, iconography and ethnography, analyzed on the basis of content,
chronology and participatory observation, provide the methodological grounds for our
findings. The Museum of Civilizations not only commemorates the cultures and civilizations
of Cameroon and the Central African sub-region in general, but also provides an ideal hub for
culture tourism, education and research.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Cameroon

value: Commemoration

value: cultures

value: civilizations

value: Dschang

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-105-125+Ngitir+&+Ebwa.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Kiyutsina, Irina S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kiyutsinа I. S. 2023. The use of modern technical means to study the behavior of visitors in the museum. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 239–246. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Since the first half of the 20th century, museums have been conducting the first systematic
studies on the peculiarities of visitors’ behavior when familiarizing themselves with the exposition.
In the history of the issue of studying the museum audience in Russia over the past
hundred years, three key periods can be distinguished. Such milestones in Russia were the
1920–1930s, the 1960–1970s and the 1990–2000s. Museum research at these points in history
is distinguished by the most significant scientific results. Today museum sociology is gaining
momentum, as in the last decade the visitor is viewed as a consumer who puts forward
requests, thereby forming the vector of the museum’s development. In order to get to know
your target audience better, it is no longer enough to use only traditional methods of studying
your visitor. When studying, it is also necessary to apply new technological means that
allow obtaining more reliable data. The purpose of the author of the article: to describe new
technical means (eyetracking, video analytics, heat maps) and their possibilities in the process
of studying the museum audience. In the article, the author also describes a number of advantages
of using modern technical means in studying the behavior of visitors. The author also examines the domestic and foreign experience of popular museums that have already used
modern technological means to study their audience. As a result of his research, the author
comes to the conclusion that only an integrated approach, which is expressed in a combination
of traditional methods of study and the use of modern technical means, allows you to get
more accurate data and find out the true needs of visitors.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: museum sociology

value: eyetracking

value: video analytics

value: heat maps

value: visitor studies

value: museum audience research

value: museum audience

value: museum exposition

dc.type

value: Article

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-97-104+Киюцина.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Uvarova, Anzhelika V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Uvarova A. V. 2023. Research of architectural projects of the building of the Russian Military Historical Museum on the materials of the Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer Troops and Signal Corps. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 161–168. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Nowadays, there is an active reconstruction of the old and the creation of new militaryhistorical
museums. In the process of this work, the curators set the task of reflecting its
purpose through its appearance. It becomes possible understanding by studying the architecture
of the museum through the centuries. The paper discusses the architectural projects
of the Russian Military Historical Museum which were stored in the archive of the Military
Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer troops and Signal Corps. The reader is informed
that it was one of the stages of the work of the Committee on its Structure, created by Emperor
Nicholas II’s order. The main ideas about museum buildings in the Russian Empire
at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries were mentioned in the article. The main requirement
was the correspondence of external and internal content. It was possible to identify common
features: as a rule, these were two-storey stone buildings in the neo-Russian style, where,
in addition to the exhibition halls, an arsenal, a lobby and a number of additional rooms
were provided. The architects, whose projects were highly appreciated, took the palace buildings
of the pre-Petrine period as a basis. As a result, the winner of the competition was
Vladimir Pokrovsky’s the project which, unfortunately, was not implemented. However, the
plot considered in the article is an example of an integrated approach to the organization of
the museum, which was not developed in the USSR. The idea of building a Single Military
Historical museum at that time did not lose its relevance. However, as a rule, it was assumed
that the existing building would be adapted. Consequently, the competition of architectural
projects of the Russian Military Historical Museum is one of the few examples in the history
of museum construction in Russia when comprehensive work was carried out on the organization
of internal and external space.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Russian Military Historical Museum

value: architectural project

value: museum

value: building

value: museum work

dc.title

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-19-26+Уварова.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Krapivin, Mikhail Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krapivin M. Yu. 2023. Order of the Presidium of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission to all provincial emergency commissions No. 54 (dated April 29, 1920) on provincial commissions “for the protection of monuments of art and antiquity”. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 302–320. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.213 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Bodies of the Cheka — GPU — OGPU for many years collected and analyzed information
about the processes that took place in various social strata, national, confessional, professional
groups (in certain regions and across the country as a whole). The efforts of the Chekists
were aimed at curbing covert and open opposition to Soviet power on the part of political
opponents of the regime. Among other things, the authorities were interested in the mindset
among civil servants, as well as among the scientific and creative intelligentsia. On April 29,
1920, the Presidium of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission issued order No. 54, addressed
to the territorial bodies of the Cheka, with instructions to collect data on the activities
of the provincial commissions “for the protection of monuments of art and antiquity”. The
Chekists, first of all, were interested in information about the connections of museum employees
with the clergy and teaching staff of the former religious educational institutions. Below
is a list of information provided by employees of the Novgorod provincial Cheka and sent by
them in parallel to the Secret Department of the Cheka and to the VIII Department of the
People’s Commissariat of Justice of the RSFSR. The publication is carried out according to
the original copy deposited in the A-353 fund of the State Archive of the Russian Federation.
The document is accompanied by detailed comments, in particular, information about the
employees of Novgorod museums: A. V. Nikiforovsky, S. K. Matveevsky, V. A. Kvashonkin and
others. Particular attention is paid to the ups and downs of the biography of N. G. Porfiridov,
a landmark person in the and one of the defendants in a large-scale criminal case initiated in
January 1933 by employees of the Plenipotentiary Representation of the United State Political
Directorate in the Leningrad Military District against a large group of people, including
museum workers and local historians.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: All-Russian Extraordinary Commission

value: United State Political Administration

value: The Main Committee for the Affairs of Museums and the Preservation of Monuments of Old Art and Nature of the People’s Commissariat for Education of the RSFSR (Glavmuseum)

value: provincial commission for the protection of monuments of art and antiquity

value: museums of Veliky Novgorod

value: Christian (biblical) student circles

value: Russian Student Christian Movement

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-160-178+Крапивин.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Melnik, Irina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Melnik I. V. 2023. Experience of socio-cultural interaction within the framework of the exhibition project “Feodor Chaliapin — alive and close”. The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 275–288. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.211 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with aspects of the museum’s socio-cultural interaction with partner organizations
within the framework of the exhibition project of Nizhny Novgorod State Historical
and Architectural Museum Reserve “Feodor Chaliapin — alive and close”, realized to the 150th
anniversary of the singer’s birth. The emphasis is on the preservation and presentation of personal
heritage. It is of great importance for the community of memory defining socio-cultural
identity both in the individual life and the whole society. The modern museum is presented
as a center of information, culture, scientific and artistic life, a meeting place for various age, social, professional and ethnic groups. Within these aspects changes are shown in the social
role of the museum, the restructuring of the forms and methods of work aimed at improving
the efficiency of the museum interaction with the socio-cultural community and visitors. The
museum initiated collaboration with educational and cultural organizations and institutions,
private researchers to preserve cultural memory and actualization of the heritage of F. I. Chaliapin.
Features and results of this work were analyzed in the article. There were presented examples
of searching for partners, points of interaction with them, and nuances of development
and realization the exhibition concept. The stages of selection and scientific study of exhibits,
their preparation for the exhibition, integration of partner’s items into the exhibition space
were represented. The article provides an overview of local events, processes, people’s biography
who were in the circle of F. I. Chaliapin. It tells about the exhibits which have memorial
and historical value. The article summaries the results of cooperation in the exhibition and
media communication activities of the museum. It also considers the effect of prolongation of
the interaction, which is expressed in increasing of the number of events and attracting of the
public attention to this topic.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 14; Issue 2

value: anniversaries

value: Feodor Chaliapin

value: collaboration

value: exhibits

value: local history

value: interaction

dc.type

value: Article

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-133-146+Мельник.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Aksenova, Irina A.

value: Bulgakova, Alena G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aksenova I. A., Bulgakova A. G. 2023. Museum in the modern virtual world (on the example of the Vasiliy Aksenov Museum). The Issues of Museology 14 (2): 268–274. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2023.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the modern world, a museum is a multidimensional dynamic space that actualises the potential
of cultural heritage. As an illustration of this statement, it is interesting to consider
the space of the Vasily Aksenov Museum in Kazan. The purpose of this article is to analyse
the experience of virtualisation as a means of interacting with the audience in an existing
museum, and to formulate practice-oriented vectors for further research on the basis of the
V. P. Aksenov Museum in accordance with the identified trends. Since its opening in 2009, the
Vasily Aksenov Museum has become a full-fledged cultural centre and a key venue for the
annual literary and music festival “Aksenov-fest” in Kazan. The history of the museum began
with the first festival in 2007. The festival was dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the writer
who visited the city of his childhood. On the initiative of Mayor I. R. Metshin, the restoration
of the house and the creation of the museum began, which took place in accordance with
the concept proposed by V. P. Aksenov and according to the project of the architect (later the
museum director) I. A. Aksenova. In 2015, a named public garden — Aksenov Garden — was
opened in the city. The sculptures installed in the park are a self-portrait of Vasily Aksenov,
with which he signed his manuscripts, and the sculpture “Waiting” (by Irina Aksenova and
sculptor Asiya Minnullina). More and more often tourists plan their visit to the museum in
advance, interested in the unique atmosphere of its interior space, as well as the opportunity
not only to get acquainted with the biography of the famous writer of the sixties, but also to
make a real journey through time, as the museum is located in a house with a mezzanine, in
the former manor house of the early 19th century, and the museum exposition is stylistically
and objectively built at the intersection of the 19th and 20th centuries. Residents and guests of
the house, in addition to Vasily Aksenov, at different times were other famous personalities —
Alexandra Fuchs, who hosted Alexander Pushkin during the latter’s stay in Kazan; poet, war
correspondent Margarita Aliger and, perhaps, Gala Dali (Elena Diakonova).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: writer Vasiliy Aksenov

value: Vasily Aksenov Museum

value: museum practice

value: virtual excursion

value: virtualization of the museum space

value: cultural biography of things

value: archival research

value: Margarita Aliger

value: Gala Dali

dc.title

filename: Вопросы+музеологии(2-2023)-для+сайта-126-132+Аксенова,+Булгакова.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Dmitriev, Mikhail Vladimirovich

value: Bulanin, Dmitriy Mikhailovich

value: Gurianova, Natalia Sergeevna

value: Sirenov, Aleksey Vladimirovich

value: Korenevskiy, Andrey Vitalievich

dc.identifier.citation

value: The theory of Moscow as the Third Rome: Texts and contexts, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 67-98. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.205

dc.description.abstract

value: The theory of Moscow as the Third Rome, defined five centuries ago by the monk of the Pskov Eleazar Monastery Filofei, is considered as one of the most identifiable literary images of Russian history. At the same time, there is an incredible dispersion of appraisals and opinions in its perception and comprehension — both among professional historians, philologists and philosophers, and in public discourse. This concept has been seen and continues to be seen at various epochs and up to the present day as the key to guess a riddle of the Russian national character and the embodiment of Russia’s age-old hostility towards the West, a mystical epiphany about its soteriological mission and the doctrine of the world domination of the emerging empire. Some scholars consider the theory of Moscow as the Third Rome to be a kind of quintessence of «Russianness», others — a reflection of common Christian and pan-European ideological trends; some investigators look at Filofei as a brilliant thinker-innovator, others completely deny him any creative singularity. On this basis, we have invited experts in the history of Russian political thought to answer the following questions: how unique is the theory of Moscow as the Third Rome, and is it exclusively a fruit of the Russian medieval intellectual environment, to what extent can monk Filofei be considered the author of the theory of Moscow as the Third Rome, what is the fundamental novelty of his concept does it mean that Filofei’s theory did not receive a response among his contemporaries, and if so, why, what are the similarities and differences in its understanding by Filofei himself and people of those epochs when receptions of this idea were undertaken — in at the end of the 16th and 17th centuries, in the 19th century, in contemporary times, and etc.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Moscow as the Third Rome

value: Filofei

value: Byzantium

value: the New Jerusalem

value: the New Israel

value: Holy Rus’

value: eschatology


dc.contributor.author

value: Platonova, Nadezhda Igorevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Platonova, Nadezhda Igorevna. Old Russian Ladoga in the context of the Varangian legend: Revision of sources and interpretations, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 99–126. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.206

dc.description.abstract

value: The Chronicles contain limited information about Ladoga in the 9th–10th centuries. Epic and toponymic legends are visible in these news. The first news is found under the year 862 in the copies of the «Povest’ vremennykh let» of the Ipatiev tradition. It belongs to the text of the Varangian legend from the «Ladoga» version. The second news about Ladoga is discovered in 922. This year, the First Novgorod Chronicle reports the death of Prince Oleg the Prophet and his grave, preserved in Ladoga. The political relevance of both news in the historical context of the 11th – early 12th centuries can be clearly seen. An article by N. I. Platonova deals with the problems of sources, meanings, genre and chronology of various versions of the Varangian legend in the Primary Chronicle. The types of oral sources, which became the basis of the earliest texts, and the cultural mechanisms for the preservation and transmission of information about the past in the Old Russian society are briefly characterized. The author supports the N. Lopatin’s hypothesis about the emergence of the «Novgorod» version in the early 11th century and its historical context. Particular attention is paid to the chronology of the «Ladoga» version and the political situation that gave rise to it, as well as the problem of the existence of a princely residence in Ladoga in the 9th–10th centuries. The article demonstrates that both the original and editorial versions of the Varangian legend are, first of all, sources for studying the history of the period when they were created. It is impossible to consider any of them — as a direct reflection of the 9th century events. Nevertheless, this text contains indirectly important information about the early stage of Old Russian history, which can be extracted analytically.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This publication was prepared within the framework of a grant from Russian Science Foundation the № 23-18-00515 «Forming of the early urban structure and cultural landscape of Northern Rus’ on the material of the Staraya Ladoga archaeological complex».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: early medieval Ladoga

value: Varangian legend

value: oral tradition

value: Primary Chronicle

value: written and archaeological sources

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Stefanovich, Petr Sergeevich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Stefanovich, Petr Sergeevich. The Place of Rus’ / Russia in the eschatological concepts in Muscovite state of the late 16th – mid 17th centuries, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 29-52. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.203

dc.description.abstract

value: This article examines how eschatological ideas which circulated in the late 16th – mid 17th century Muscovite State, described the place of Rus’ / Russia in the world and in the world history. The starting point for the analysis is the model of the God-chosen exclusivity of the Muscovite tsardom, which is often called a special Muscovite mythology. Eschatological ideas, first of all, the idea of «Moscow—Third Rome», developed by the Pskov monk Philotheus in the 1520s, were a necessary element of this model, which created the image of «shining Russia» (or «holy Rus»), preserving the true faith up to the End of the world. In the first half of the 17th century, eschatological ideas described by Orthodox Ruthenian authors working in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth began to be warmly received in the Muscovite State. Adaptions of their works appeared primarily in two anthologies of polemic writings published in Moscow — Cyril’s Book (1644) and The Book of Faith (1648). As this article demonstrates, the eschatological schemes featured in these texts envisaged Rus’ as a nation united by an ancient history and by true faith rather than by any political structures. At the same time, in the 1640s–1650s, prophecies of Greco-Byzantine origin popularised in Moscow assigned a key role to Russia in reviving the universal empire. These new concepts fundamentally diverged both from the idea of «Moscow—Third Rome» and from the entire Muscovite mythology of exceptionality. As the author concludes, the popularity of these ideas coincided with fundamental societal changes in Russia, marked by the incorporation of Ukraine in 1654 and the Church Schism.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, scientific project No. 20-09-42050 «Peter I and Russian cultural identity of the late 17th – first third of the 18th century».

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Issue 2

dc.subject

value: history of ideas

value: Russian identity

value: Muscovite Tasardom


dc.contributor.author

value: Shipunova, Tatiana V.

value: Iakovleva, Diana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shipunova T. V., Iakovleva D. V. High school students’ assessment of cyberbullying and its prevention in the school environment. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 409–427. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.404 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The prevalence of cyberbullying in school indicates the need to strengthen school prevention.
A first step in this direction would be to study student assessments of both types of
cyberbullying and methods of preventing it. This became the purpose of the study. The
study used the author’s tools. An online survey of high school students was conducted,
which was organized first at school with high school students accessing the Internet using
a special code, then the survey was continued on the Google Forms service, where the high
school students themselves invited their peers to participate in the study. In both cases, nonrandom
purposive sampling was used. The most common type of cyberbullying in schools
is trolling. Cyberbullying may be due to the personality characteristics of the aggressor,
insufficient preparation of adolescents for conflict-free interaction, the presence of student
provocateurs, the desire for revenge, etc. Children from poor families and successful students
were classified as potential victims. Students are confident that in the event of persecution,
victims will rarely appeal to school staff for help. They would prefer to talk about
it with friends and parents. At the same time, school employees are assessed as persons
capable of influencing the situation with cyberbullying. Teenagers believe that for prevention
it is necessary to pay attention to environmental, informational, educational and psychological
aspects. They believe that the environmental aspect should include a change in
the attitude of teachers towards the problems and lives of students. The authors come to the
conclusion that it is necessary to study the opinions of adolescents about cyberbullying and
its prevention in the school environment regularly. This will allow us to move away from a
formal approach to prevention and create conditions for the active inclusion of adolescents
in solving the problem.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 16; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: teenagers

value: school environment

value: cyberbullying

value: types of cyberbullying

value: cyberaggression

value: victim of cyberbullying

value: prevention


title: Students’ view on a scientific mentor

dc.contributor.author

value: Ambarova, Polina A.

value: Shabrova, Nina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ambarova P. A., Shabrova N. V. Students’ view on a scientific mentor. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 391–408. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.403 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The strategies of the universities involve strengthening the role of student science and developing
programs to support it, including scientific mentoring. The implementation of the
institute of scientific mentoring in Russian universities should be preceded by the study of
students’ expectations regarding the qualities of a scientific mentor. The success of the interaction
between a student and a scientific mentor (SM) is determined by the correspondence of
the expectations of students and mentors from each other. In addition, a promising “partner”
model of scientific interaction is based on taking into account or adjusting students’ expectations
from the SM. The purpose of the study was to identify the ideas of students of Russian
universities about the qualities of scientific mentors. The purpose is to identify students’ view
on the ideal and real qualities of SM. The objectives were detection the significant socio-demographic,
personal and professional characteristics of SM; establishment differences in the
perceptions of SM among students with different educational and research experience, as well as students enrolled in programs of different profiles; fixing contradictions between the real
and expected image of SM. The article is based on the results of the survey of students of Russian
universities (N = 3032 people). The results show the high importance for students of the
personal and professional qualities of SM in comparison with their socio-demographic characteristics.
Among the personal and professional characteristics of the mentor, pedagogical,
cultural competencies come to the fore. Students who are successful in studies and research,
as well as undergraduates and students studying in social and humanitarian programs, have
high requirements for SM. There is a great need for scientific mentoring among students of a
natural-technical profile. It is concluded that the majority of Russian students are guided by
SM qualities corresponding to the authoritative style of mentoring. The features of the SM indicate
the correspondence of the real and desired qualities of SM. The contradictions between
the real and expected image of SM can be taken into consideration in scientific mentoring
programs.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation
no. 23-28-01291 «Research mentoring in Russian universities: Institutional models, professional roles, everyday
practices”; https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-01291/.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: scientific mentoring

value: scientific mentor and mentee

value: research activity of students

value: students’ expectations

value: mentoring interaction

value: models of scientific mentoring

dc.title

value: Students’ view on a scientific mentor

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Markova, Tatiana L.

value: Tonkikh, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Markova T. L., Tonkikh N. V. Distance employment as a factor of parental well-being. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 439–457. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.406 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the results of a qualitative study aimed at exploring and characterizing
the perceptions of working parents with different types of employment about the impact of
remote working conditions on the parameters of parental well-being. The study used focus
group techniques and individual in-depth interviews. The sample was segmented by two
criteria: presence/absence of children under 14; presence/absence of a spouse/partner. Positive,
negative, and neutral narratives of working parents about the relationship of remote
work to parental well-being dimensions were systematized. The results obtained allow us
to conclude that distance employment has an advantage over other types in terms of combining
parenthood with work. We have identified two conditions for the realization of this
advantage: the ability to flexibly build a work schedule and at the right time to be where it is
necessary for the child. The advantages of the remote employment can increase the resources
of parental well-being if employees manage to eliminate or minimize the problematic
aspects of combining home and work. However, this format of employment is not universally
valuable, but requires certain efforts and conditions to achieve parental well-being. It
is concluded that in order to correctly study the degree and nature of the impact of the distance
employment on parental well-being, it is necessary to segment distance employment
in more detail by modes of work. The scientific result of the research is to clarify the basic
parameters of parental well-being and the nature of possible positive and negative effects
of distance employment on the parameters of parental well-being. The used methodological
approach and research tools have been successfully tested and can be used for further
research into different types of employment, determination of optimal working conditions
and barriers to parental well-being.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) within
the framework of the scientific project no. 22-18-00614 “Study of the impact of digital employment on
fertility and parental well-being”; https://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00614.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 16; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: parenting

value: parental well-being

value: digitalization

value: distance employment

value: hybrid employment

value: non-standard employment

value: focus group

value: in-depth interview


dc.contributor.author

value: Velikaya, Natalia M.

value: Lisenkova, Anastasia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Velikaya N. M., Lisenkova A. A. Socio-cultural identity of students in the conditions of uncertainty of Russian society. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 374–390. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.402 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the socio-cultural basics of the identity of Russian students, due to the
high degree of turbulence and uncertainty of public life, the introduction of digital technologies
and the formation of hybrid reality. Understanding the socio-cultural identity as a “coordinate
system” of identification, including a set of values, norms and patterns of behavior,
beliefs and systems of representations, symbols and images of culture, authors draw attention
to its multiple and hybrid character. Based on the data of the study “Students of Russia: Civic
Culture and Life Strategies” conducted by the Center for Political Science of the ISPR FCTAS
RAS in April — May 2023, conclusions were drawn about the growth of anxiety and unrealized
expectations of modern youth that influenced the value spectrum of youth culture; about
the aggravation of the ideological crisis; about a shift of support from the globalist vision
to the “local” component in the value-semantic model of Russian socio-cultural identity. At
the same time, Russian youths demonstrate their commitment to the democratic values of
individualism, independence and freedom, which are reflected in building their professional
careers with a high degree of precarization. Rapidly developing digital technologies have a
significant impact on the self-identification of young people, creating multiple information
flows, aggravating and distorting the already uncertain image of the future. As a result, adapting
to this complex reality, young people form new hybrid forms of digital identity looking for
support in the imaginary world of global virtual space, combining disparate multiple identities
into a single profile. The analysis of empirical data included, inter alia, factor analysis by
the principal component method and rotation by the Varimax method, which allowed us to construct identity indices and identify three groups of students with a predominance of Russian,
Eurasian and global identity.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: identity

value: self-identification

value: students

value: values

value: uncertainty

value: youth

value: expertise

value: cybersocialization

value: citizenship


dc.contributor.author

value: Zhuravel, Olga Dmitrievna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zhuravel, Olga Dmitrievna. Messianism in the ideological constructions of the Old Believers, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 53-66. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.204

dc.description.abstract

value: The article analyzes how several generations of Old Believers’ ideologists perceived the concept of «Moscow, Third Rome». The author argued that at different stages of the history of the Old Believers various aspects of this concept got actualized. At the beginning the Old Believers prioritized the eschatological aspect, then the second generation of the movement’s ideologists found the providential significance of Rus’ as the universal center of Orthodoxy more promising for further discussions. The article examines the reflection of the «Third Rome» doctrine and the complex of ideas associated with it in the literary tradition of the Vyg center of the Old Believers’ movement (the first quarter of the 18th century). The study is based on the unpublished and yet-to-examined sermons of the leader of the Vyg community, writer, and polemicist Andrey Denisov. His works explored and developed the idea of the Rus’ as the third and last Rome. However A. Denisov did not limit himself to the conclusion of the fall of the «Third Rome», he came further and declared that for now only the Church of Old Believers represented by the Vyg Pustyn remained the last sanctuary of the true faith. A. Denisov created an important mythologem for the Old Believers’ soteriology, claiming the passing on of godliness from the origins of Christianity through the Holy Rus’ to the Old Believers. Since Vyg’s literary school developed on the basis of modern rhetorical strategies, the article demonstrates how it combined ancient traditions of the religious literacy with cultural innovations during the period of transition from Medieval to Modern Times.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No 22-28-01617 «Opposition to the ‟pitch world” in the work of preachers of the late 17th – early 18th centuries: author’s axiology, mechanisms of influence».

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Issue 2

value: Moscow

value: Third Rome

value: Old Believers

value: Vyg

value: Andrey Denisov

value: Sermon

value: eschatology

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Moreva, Iuliia E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Moreva Iu. E. The link between subjective well-being and electoral participation: Сrossnational perspective. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 428– 438. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.405 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the relationship between subjective well-being and elections turnout. The
purpose of the article is to determine how subjective well-being affects turnout. To achieve the
purpose, the link between subjective well-being and electoral participation should be studied
along with the influence that political regime has on this link. The majority of previous
research papers indicate that there is a positive relationship between the studied variables.
Most of these studies were based on data from specific democratic countries. Little attention
has been paid to cross-national comparison and to countries with less developed democratic
institutions. According to the theory of retrospective voting, voters tend to use elections to
reward or punish the incumbent. Thus, it can be hypothesized that subjective well-being increases
the likelihood to participate in elections, and that the democratic context strengthens
the link between subjective well-being and voters turnout. The joined dataset of the European
Social Survey and World Values Survey is used for the empirical analysis. Multilevel binary
logistic regression is used as the main method of analysis. The results of the study show a
statistically significant relationship between the high level of subjective well-being and voter
turnout. People with higher levels of subjective well-being are more likely to vote in elections.
In democratic countries, this relationship is stronger. These findings support the conclusions
of previous research and confirm a modified version of the retrospective voting theory, which
uses subjective well-being as a predictor of electoral behavior.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was written within the framework of the Fundamental Research Program of the National
Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 16; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: subjective well-being

value: happiness

value: political participation

value: voting

value: elections

value: voter turnout


dc.contributor.author

value: Lapshin, Vladimir Anatolyevich

value: Vasilyev, Stanislav Alexandrovich

value: Grigoreva, Natalia Vladimirovna

value: Pavlova, Marianna Sergeevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lapshin, Vladimir Anatolyevich; Vasilyev, Stanislav Alexandrovich; Grigoreva, Natalia Vladimirovna; Pavlova, Marianna Sergeevna. Topography Staraya Ladoga: Actual questions, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 127–148. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.207

dc.description.abstract

value: Medieval Ladoga (after 1704 — the village of Staraya Ladoga) was the first urban centre of Northern Russia. It emerged no later than the middle of the 8th century AD. The medieval city boasts a unique archaeological and architectural complex, comprising a stone fortress, an extensive settlement, stone temples and monasteries, and various funerary sites such as hills, mounds, ground burial grounds, and Christian cemeteries. Scientific archaeological research has been intermittently conducted at this site for over 150 years. Researchers have repeatedly investigated the topography of the Ladoga complex, whose history reflects the formation of the medieval city. Ladoga grew from a small settlement in the river floodplain, involved in the processes of trans-European interaction, into a major centre with developed craft production. However, it is still debated whether the settlement had a single nucleus or was formed over time from several closely spaced, isolated farms. Another unresolved issue is the nature of interaction between Ladoga and its immediate neighbourhood. Although archaeological research has a long history, there is currently insufficient data to definitively address the questions posed. The article reviews the main works on the history of settlement development. It argues for the need to revisit the internal topography of Ladoga, considering the accumulation of new archaeological material. The article presents the initial findings of the field research conducted between 2021 and 2023. Utilizing new technical resources, a contemporary archaeological map of Staraya Ladoga and its surrounding areas, comprising 55 sites, has been produced. Aerial photography and airborne laser scanning complement each other to create topographic plans, build digital elevation models, and search for previously unknown or destroyed archaeological sites. Unlike aerial photography, which is effective in open terrain, airborne laser scanning allows for the detection of small differences in relief regardless of the degree of forest cover. When processing laser scanning results, only the ground surface is left visible, revealing all relief irregularities, including archaeological objects such as burial mounds, ditches, ramparts, and old excavation contours. The Zemlyanoye Gorodishche (Earthen Castle) is considered the most valuable archaeological site, spanning from the 8th to the 17th centuries. Several generations of archaeologists excavated the site intermittently between 1909 and 2013, covering an area of over 2000 square metres. Despite extensive archaeological research, there are still unresolved issues regarding the development of general stratigraphic and planigraphic schemes for the entire studied area. The imperfection of the methodology used to fix past years is the reason for this. A considerable amount of data remains in archives. Publishing the complete results of excavations, which span over 100 years, is a task for the future.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This publication was prepared within the framework of a grant from Russian Science Foundation the № 23-18-00515 «Forming of the early urban structure and cultural landscape of Northern Rus’ on the material of the Staraya Ladoga archaeological complex».

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Staraya Ladoga

value: topography

value: cemetery

value: Middle Ages

value: settlement

value: Viking age

value: Northen Rus’


dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanova, Anastasia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanova A. A. Traditional and new forms of patient expertise: Together with doctors or versus them? Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 458–474. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.407 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article outlines and discusses two opposite perspectives of medical practitioners in relation
to patients’ attempts to form lay medical expertise. The author conceptualizes these two
approaches as thought styles and the corresponding communities of doctors as “thought collectives”
(L. Fleck). The two thought styles are distinguished based on four characteristics: attitudes
towards interaction with patients, particular ways of making sense of alternative forms
of expertise, strategies for resolving conflicts with patients, and outlooks on professional
knowledge and its place outside the medical community. One of the thought collectives —
monopolization collective — is committed to a paternalistic model of medical care, and the
corresponding style of thought does not allow noticing and acknowledging patient expertise.
Patients’ attempts at joining the professional medical rationale are resisted by these medical
professionals, and in situations of disagreement or conflicts doctors use a closed strategy for their resolution. Physicians from monopolization collective are skeptical about translating
medical knowledge outside of practitioners. In contrast, doctors who adopt a co-construction
thought style follow the logic of partnership when interacting with patients. Such a style allows
medical practitioners to recognize the value in patient expertise and include it in a dialogue
and disease management. When conflicts and differences of opinions arise, doctors follow
open and intermediate strategies for their resolution, which implies additional efforts to build
communication with patients. At the same time, there is a clear demand from this collective
for the creation of high-quality popular science and educational materials for patients. High
quality translation of medical knowledge is seen as a necessary means of including patients in
productive co-production of expertise.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and the Ministry of
Science and Technology (Taiwan), project no. 21-511-52002.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 16; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: sociology of medicine

value: sociology of expertise

value: lay expertise

value: doctor — patient interaction

value: style of thought

value: online sources

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bushkovitch, Paul

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bushkovitch, Paul. The First Rome context of Filifei’s epistle: Orthodoxy and catholicism in Russia in 15th – 16th сenturies, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 14-28. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.202

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is a trial of reconstructing one of the most important components of the culturalhistorical landscape of Russia at the 15–16th centuries, which is of paramount importance for understanding the essence of the ideas of monk of the Pskov Eleazar monastery Filofei, the author of the theory «Moscow as the Third Rome». According to the conventional opinion, relations between Russia and the West after the Ferraro-Florentine Council became irreconcilably hostile, and the perception of Catholicism, the «First Rome», was unequivocally negative. If cultural contacts persisted, it was only in spite of confessional differences. However, the situation of the late XV – early XVI centuries demonstrates a more flexible and pragmatic attitude of the Russian intellectual and political elite: society and the church remained faithful to Orthodox teaching, not inferior in dogmatic and canonical issues — such as filioque, communion with unleavened bread or the ecclesiastical supremacy of the pope, but were quite ready to assimilate Western experience. Even such prominent representatives of the church hierarchy as Avraamiy of Suzdal, Gennady of Novgorod and Metropolitan Makarius recognized that something could be learned from Catholics. Against this background, the position of Filofei, who considered everything emanating from the Western church to be the machinations of the devil, seems much more categorical and intolerant. According to the author of the article, this difference in the perception of the «First Rome» is one of the reasons for the weak interest of the Pskov elder’s contemporaries in the idea of the Third Rome. He sees the explanation of such a position of Filofei, on the one hand, in the specifics of the border position of Pskov, which is why the degree of hostility to the West was clearly higher here, and on the other hand, in the fact that the theory of the monk of the Eleazar Monastery was exclusively theological and had nothing to do with foreign policy, the structure of the Russian state or the perception of Western culture.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Rome

value: Moscow as the Third Rome

value: Filofei

value: Orthodoxy

value: Catholicism

value: Papacy

value: Ferraro-Florentine Council

value: anti-Latin polemics


dc.contributor.author

value: Sokolov, Nikolay V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sokolov N. V. Unbending classics as a reason for pragmatic reflection. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 475–487. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.408 (In Russian)

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 16; Issue 4


dc.contributor.author

value: Veselov, Fedor Nikitovich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Veselov, Fedor Nikitovich. Alexander the Great and Solomon the Wise: Who was Ivan the Terrible quoting?, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 3-13. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.201

dc.description.abstract

value: Numerous legends and apocrypha, circulating in the non-literary scene of Slavia Orthodoxa, in which both Alexander the Great and Solomon the Wise were gradually endowed with parallel features, should have become the basis for the functional similarity of these images in Slavic literature. An important role in the literature of the southern and eastern Slavs in this process was played by the Serbian recension of the Alexander Romance, the second Slavonic translation of the pseudo-Callisthenes work. In the Romance Alexander the Great not only inherits the relics of King Solomon, but the Old Testament king becomes a favorite source for the author’s quotations; Alexander himself acquires a «all-wise heart», and perishes from the «women malice», like Solomon, who «heirs hell because of woman». The wisdom of Alexander in the South Slavic Romance allows one to explain one of Ivan the Terrible’s confusing apothegms in the First Epistle to Andrei Kurbsky: referring to an unnamed prophet, the tsar compares «the madness of women» with «the power of many». It seems that both parts of the apothegm are based on Serbian Alexander Romance, while the one that is dedicated to «women malice» is taken from the «proverbs of Alexander», which in their structure copy the apocryphal Judgments of Solomon. Apparently, thanks to Serbian Alexandria, the images of the kings of antiquity merged even in the mind of the Russian sovereign, who impressed his contemporaries with his education. It is possible that one of the consequences of this was the inclusion of Ivan the Terrible in the alternation of already three figures of legendary rulers who had similar functions in the later folklore narrations.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study is supported by the Russian Scientific foundation grant No 21-78-00050 «Alexander the Great in the Muscovite Tsardom: Old Rus’ illuminated manuscripts of the Serbian Alexander Romance».

dc.subject

value: Alexander the Great

value: King Solomon

value: Ivan the Terrible

value: Serbian Alexander Romance

value: Slavonic apocrypha

value: Old Rus’ literature

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sapanzha, Olga Sergeevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sapanzha, Olga Sergeevna. The morphology of the material world and the «plan of chamber propaganda» in the products of the Leningrad art industry factory of the 1940s–1960s, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 149-168. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.208

dc.description.abstract

value: The morphology of the space of the material world of Soviet culture of the 1950s and 1960s and the products of the Leningrad art industry enterprises is presented in this paper. The material world is a collection of everyday objects of utilitarian purpose with symbolic content. They are perceived as cultural signs. The three factors influencing the structure of the material world are ideological, technological and stylistic. The first one is connected with the system of ideological coordinates. The second one is related to the general trends in the development of industrial society. The third factor is related to the development of visual dominants of the living environment. At the internal level, three components (content, technology and aesthetics) form the components of the morphology of the new materiality. The literal purpose of a particular object of the material world determines the external structure. This is a set of artistic, artistic-utilitarian and utilitarian objects. Each level is considered on the example of works of art industry enterprises. These are the following enterprises: the Leningrad Lomonosov Porcelain Factory and the Leningrad Porcelain Factory (artistic things), the Leningrad Enamel Factory (artistic and utilitarian things), the Komsomolskaya Pravda Factory and the First Tableware Factory (utilitarian things). The space of presentation of the concept of chamber propaganda is the translation of significant ideas, images, plots in mass–produced works of mass demand, which are based on an element of art. The maximum inclusion of objects in the space of the ordinary was ensured by the production scale of the enterprises of the art industry. A high level of presentation of significant ideas and plots was guaranteed by the professional development of technical aesthetics of objects.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Grant 23-18-00419 of the Russian Science Foundation, the project «Leningrad art industry factory of the 1940s–1960s and their role in the development of the living environment».

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Issue 2

dc.subject

value: everyday culture

value: material world

value: Leningrad art industry factory

value: monumental propaganda

value: chamber propaganda


dc.contributor.author

value: Vinokurov, Sergey Yevgenievich

value: Budrina, Ludmila Alexeevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vinokurov, Sergey Yevgenievich; Budrina, Ludmila Alexeevna. The myth of space: Interpretation in the Ural stone-cutting art of the 1950s –1980s, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 187-199. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.210

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is devoted to the study of one of the key topics of the Soviet art industry — the space program of the USSR. This topic is considered on the example of the activities of the Sverdlovsk factory «Russkiye Samotsvety». In the 1950s – 1980s, the factory was the leading stone-cutting enterprise of the state, which allows us to consider the formation and development of the space theme in the stone-cutting art and, more broadly, the art industry of the Soviet Union using its example. For the study, archival data published for the first time, graphic materials previously unknown to researchers from the collection of the Sverdlovsk Regional Museum of Local Lore, as well as works from the collection of Russian museums were involved. The material of the article is divided into two parts, revealing the areas of activity of the stone-cutters of the factory «Russkiye Samotsvety». The first part deals with models of souvenirs and functional items approved for production from the late 1950s to the 1970s. The main constructive motives of these works are noted, as well as materials (stone raw materials) and techniques chosen by the masters for the implementation of projects. Stable motives and techniques are singled out, which remained relevant in the framework of the embodiment of space themes in products of the circulation circle. The second part is devoted to the consideration of the so-called author’s works of the plant’s stone-cutting masters. On the basis of recently discovered sheets of design graphics, as well as rare objects presented in museum collections, the main types of works are distinguished, as well as the characteristic techniques used by masters in creating objects. Great detail is noted, the use of materials uncharacteristic for the space theme in the 1970s, as well as attempts by craftsmen to use their specific properties within the framework of a given topic (transparency-translucency, color, texture, stone pattern, etc.). Consideration of two areas of creativity of stone-cutting masters makes it possible to single out the topic of space exploration as one of the most important in line with the selfpresentation of the successes and capabilities of the USSR.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The topic was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant 23-28-00467 «Pieces by artists stone-cutters of the Sverdlovsk factory “Russkiye Samotsvety” in the 1950s – 1980s as an example of the evolution of USSR’s decorative arts».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: space program of the USSR

value: stone-cutting art

value: souvenir

value: art industry of the USSR


dc.contributor.author

value: Polyvyanyy, Dmitriy Igorevich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Polyvyanyy, Dmitriy Igorevich. Towards «new light» or «canceling» medieval Slavs? Notes to Eduard Mühle’ book, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 200-205.

dc.description.abstract

value: The review of the monograph by renowned German scholar Professor Eduard Mühle, currently — President of Viadrina University at Frankfurt (Oder), published in 2020-2023 in German, Polish, English and Czech, is based upon its edition as No 89 of Brill’s collection «Central-Eastern and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages». As the author states, «The books is aimed, to show, on the one hand, how the "Slavs" — ever since they first appeared in 6th-century Byzantine sources — were treated as a cultural construct and as such politically instrumentalized in various contexts». Up to Prof. Mühle, the book «describes the real historical structures hidden behind the phenomenon of the "Slavs" in the Middle Ages». Beginning with a sketch of modern and contemporary ideological practices, where the concept of Slavdom was widely used for political ends, he follows with mentions of the «Slavs» in medieval Byzantine, Latin and Oriental texts against the background of the medieval Slavic «realities», challenging the relevancy of the very term «Slavs» and naming them «Slav-speaking» through the whole book. The reviewer critically analyzes the author’s approach and his monograph’s structure, which from his viewpoint in fact are turning «the new light» in which the medieval Slav history is represented, into «canceling» the Slavs as part of the European history.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Eduard Mühle

value: Slavs

value: Middle Ages

value: idea

value: reality

value: «canceling»

value: historiography

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Nikolaeva, Natalia Dmitrievna

value: Nikolaev, Ilia Viktorovich

dc.identifier.citation

value: In search of the «Third Rome» in the homeland of Philotheus, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 206-209.

dc.description.abstract

value: Information about the Summer Humanitarian School «In search of the Third Rome: Five Centuries of Russian Metaphysics of Power», which took place on July 31 – August 06, 2023 in the Pskov Spaso-Eleazar Monastery

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University


title: About the Third Archival Congress

dc.contributor.author

value: Smirnova, Svetlana Sergeevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: About the Third Archival Congress in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 210-213.

dc.description.abstract

value: In this article there is an information about the international scientific conference “Third Archival Congress”, which held at St. Petersburg state University (St. Petersburg, Russia) on October 10-14, 2023.

dc.title

value: About the Third Archival Congress


dc.contributor.author

value: Bereznoy, A. V.

value: Snegirev, A. Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bereznoy A. V., Snegirev A. Yu. 2023. Operationalization of the corporate strategies for innovation development: Capabilities of technology roadmaps. Russian Management Journal 21 (4): 453–480. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu18.2023.401 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Goal: identify the key barriers hindering operationalization of the corporate innovation strategies
(i. e. the transition from the adopted strategy to its implementation at the operational level)
and define the capabilities of technology roadmaps (TRM) to overcome these barriers. Methodology:
consists of two logically connected parts: 1) the comparative analysis of relevant international
empirical research to identify the main issues of putting the agreed-upon corporate innovation
strategies into action; 2) real case study analysis of TRMs application in the large corporate
entities working as a tool to deal with the identified issues. Findings: identification and
characterization of a core set of typical issues representing the most significant barriers to
translate corporate innovation strategies into action; definition of the main advantages of TRMs
as an effective tool for operationalization of corporate innovation strategies; the conclusions on
the relevance of TRMs for developing and monitoring the programmes for innovation development
of Russian companies with State participation. Originality and contribution of the authors:
the novelty of the paper relates mainly to identification of significant potential and the main
avenues for TRMs application in dealing with the “strategy-execution gap” in the context of
innovation activities of large companies. From this perspective, it would be no less important
to note that the key issues and mechanisms of integration between strategy and operationsrelated
functionalities of TRMs are defined and specified.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article is an output of a research project implemented as part of the Basic Research Program at the
National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Russian Management Journal;Volume 21; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: operationalization of company’s strategy

value: technology roadmap

value: strategy for innovation development

value: integration of strategic and operational management


dc.contributor.author

value: Gavrilov, Anatolii V.

value: Malakhova, Valentina V.

value: Pizhankova, Elena I.

value: Popova, Alexandra A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gavrilov, A. V., Malakhova, V. V., Pizhankova, E. I., Popova, A. A. (2023). Estimation of the permafrost thickness of the New Siberia Island based on geothermal data and numerical modeling. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (4), 622–645. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.401 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The current ideas about the permafrost thickness on the New Siberia Island are very ambiguous
both in terms of forming factors and in its magnitude (from 240 to 370 m), and in general
are based on the assumption of the Pliocene beginning of rock freezing. In the last 20 years,
new data have been obtained on the history of the region’s development in the Neopleistocene.
They include the long existence of the New Siberia Island in marine conditions, which
excluded the rocks freezing at that time, as well as the development of glaciation in the Middle
Neopleistocene. These data indicate a significantly later onset of freezing of the island, which
correlates with the nonstationarity of the temperature field of the frozen strata. The authenticity
of the data is debated. The article is devoted to assessing the thickness of permafrost in
accordance with three possible scenarios, allowing to take into account different points of
view on the geological development of the region. The assessment is made using numerical
modeling of the formation of frozen strata over the past 200 thousand years. One scenario
includes the existence of glaciation during the Middle Neopleistocene, while in the other two
it is absent. The last two scenarios differ in the stratigraphic schemes used. The reliability of
the scenarios is assessed based on a comparison of the modeling results for each of them with
geothermal data in a well on the island of New Siberia, obtained in the 1970s. The comparison
results show that only the version with the existence of a glacier is consistent with the geothermal
data. According to the data obtained, freezing of the island began under the glacier at
the end of the Middle Neopleistocene, which existed in coastal-marine conditions. The most
active increase in the frozen strata thickness dates back to the late Neopleistocene due to the
drainage of the island. The obtained result is in agreement with new data on the age of the main geological bodies of the region, as well as with the idea of the glaciotectonic nature of
dislocations in the Cretaceous — Middle Neopleistocene rocks.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Laboratory of Geological
Environment Protection of the Geological Faculty of Moscow State University (project no. 16555398) (in
terms of constructing paleogeographic scenario) and with the support by the Ministry of Education and
Science of the Russian Federation (NIOKTR no. 123081400010-2, the agreement no. 075-03-2023-506/1)
(in terms of numerical modeling and scenario verification).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 68; Issue 4

value: New Siberian Islands

value: scenario of geological development

value: glaciation

value: glacioisostatic movements

value: permafrost

value: paleotemperature scenario

value: numerical modeling

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Tsinkoburova, Maria G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tsinkoburova, M. G. (2023). Sclerobionts and some representatives of the endobenthos of soft substrates of the Lower Frasnian of the East of the Main Devonian Field. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (4), 656–675. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.403 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article considers sclerobionts on the shells of the Frasnian bivalves and brachiopods of
the east of the Main Devonian field, as well as common traces of bioerosion of biogenic and
abiogenic substrate. In contrast to the averaged data on the Frasnian brachiopod sclerobionts,
which demonstrate a clear dominance of auloporids, craniform brachiopods, bryozoas and
microconchids, microconchids predominate among Frasnian bivalves sclerobionts and brachiopods
of the Main Devonian field and among the eroding sclerobionts — the ichnogenus
Arachnostega Bertling. Next in the degree of frequency of occurrence are cornulitids, then auloporids and eroding sclerobionts of the ichnogenus Trypanites Mägdefrau. The ichnogenus
Arachnostega Bertling was first identified in the Frasnian rocks of this region. Some Frasnian
sclerobionts of the east of the Main Devonian field were inhabitants of a fairly wide range of
conditions. For example, microconchida Palaeoconchus omphalodes (Goldf.) are found both
on shells burrowing bivalves of inhabitants of soft muddy bottom, and on shells of various
representatives of epifauna that lived in conditions of both firmground and hardground. Representatives
of three different ethological groups have been identified in cornulitids — fully
cemented to the substrate; with a raised anterior part and free-living, attached only at the
juvenile stage. The maximum morphological and ethological diversity of cornulitids was recorded
on the bivalves of the Main Devonian field from the Dubnik beds corresponding to
the maximum of the Frasnian regression. The active development of cornulitids in the Dubnik
time was probably favored by the lack of competition with other groups of organisms of
similar ethology. A fairly wide range of morphological types of cornulitids isolated within one
stratigraphic level indirectly confirms O. Vinn’s hypothesis about cornulitids as a group of biological
opportunists. The author proved for the first time the presence of two morphologically
similar ichnogenera Trypanites Mägdefrau and Palaeosabella Clarke in the Frasnian rocks of
the Main Devonian field.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: sclerobionts

value: bioerosion

value: encrustation organisms

value: microconchids

value: cornulitids

value: Main Devonian Field

value: Upper Devonian

value: Frasnian

dc.title

filename: 38-57+Цинкобурова.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Somov, Vsevolod V.

value: Opekunov, Anatoly Yu.

value: Opekunova, Marina G.

value: Dergileva, Elizaveta V.

value: Korshunova, Dariia V.

value: Kukushkin, Stepan Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Somov, V. V., Opekunov, A. Yu., Opekunova, M. G., Dergileva, E. V., Korshunova, D. V., Kukushkin, S. Yu. (2023). Speciation of metals in soils of steppe landscapes affected by mining (Southern Urals). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (4), 764–782. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.409 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Speciation of ore and accompanying elements (Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, V, Ba, Sr) in steppe
soils of the Transurals (vicinity of city of Sibay, Bashkortostan) was studied with sequential
extraction method. Attention was given to change of elements’ speciation in area affected by
mining (Cu-Zn deposit). The results are supplemented by chemical analysis of humic acids
(isolated by alkaline extraction) and granulometric fractions. It was revealed that the soils
of background areas are characterized by low mobility of studied elements and a relatively
uniform distribution over soil profile. Residual fraction percentage (fraction’s share in element’s
total content) is the highest. Percentage of exchangeable and carbonate fractions is
insignificant (Sr and Ba are exceptions). Percentage of fraction of crystalline Fe hydroxides,
reduceable and oxidizable fractions varies from shares of a percent to 15 %. Cd stands out
for a high percentage of oxidizable fraction (up to 30 % of Cd total content) and relatively
low percentage of residual fraction (up to 50 %). Comparison of obtained results allows us
to suggest that near objects of mining industry dust enriched with Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Sb
comes to the surface. This leads to shard increase of Cu, Zn, Cd content in the upper layer of
chernic horizon, change of these elements’ speciation and distribution among granulometric
fractions. Increase of elements content is not only due to prevailing residual fraction; Cu, Zn,
Cd of oxidizable fraction, reducible fraction and Fe hydroxides fraction significantly increase.
Sharp increase of oxidizable fraction percentage (largely due to sulfides) is noted.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 22-77-00017.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 68; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: chemical elements speciation

value: soils

value: mining

value: pollution

value: Southern Urals


dc.contributor.author

value: Golikova, V. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golikova V. V. 2023. The impact of economic sanctions on firm performance: Perceptions of Russian SME managers. Russian Management Journal 21 (4): 552–578. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu18.2023.405

dc.description.abstract

value:
Goal: drawing from resource-based and institutional perspectives, the Russian sanctions/
countersanctions are studied as a context of enduring economic-political turbulence for
small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) managers following external shock for Russian
economy after first wave of sanctions in 2014 which affects firm performance through
resource availability changes and (enforced) adjustments of strategic resources.
Methodology: logit models are estimated for 972 SMEs within the sample of more than
1 700 manufacturing firms in Russia that are no direct targets of the sanctions. Crosssectional
survey data collected in 2018 are used to evaluate the sanctions’ effect represented
in the perceptions of SME managers about their firm performance. Findings: sanctions
decrease the value of the firms’ resource combinations and force SMEs to bear adjustment
costs. SMEs that are limited in their resource availability find it burdensome to derive
adjustment strategies through resource re-allocations. All else equal, the technologically
advanced SMEs perceive a deteriorated performance, while SMEs with domestic and
international partnerships and young firms remain more optimistic. Counter sanctions helped
to mitigate the burden of deteriorated business environment. Originality and contribution
of author: the paper contributes to understanding of sanctions’ effect for firms that are
not direct target of sanctions, which amends the existing macro-level and sectoral studies
on the effects of economic sanctions with a more nuanced micro-level exploration taking
into account heterogeneity of firms’ response to sanctions shock.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article is an output of a research project implemented as part of the Basic Research Program at the
National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Russian Management Journal;Volume 21; Issue 4

value: economic sanctions

value: SMEs

value: manufacturing

value: resource availability

value: resource adjustments

value: strategic resources

dc.type

value: Article

size: 1 MB


dc.contributor.author

value: Bobrov, Nikita Yu.

value: Shlykov, Arseny A.

value: Saraev, Alexander K.

value: Isaev, Vladislav S.

value: Balakhnin, Andrey I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bobrov, N. Yu., Shlykov, A. A., Saraev, A. K., Isaev, V. S., Balakhnin, A. I. (2023). Study of the anisotropy of frozen rocks at the Khanovei test site (Komi Republic) based on the data of controlled source radio-magnetotelluric soundings and electrical resistivity tomography. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (4), 696–716. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.405 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The results of a joint inversion of the data of controlled source radio-magnetotelluric soundings
(CSRMT) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), obtained at the Khanovei permafrost
test site near Vorkuta, are presented. The geological section in the work area is composed
of Quaternary fluvio-glacial, lacustrine-glacial and alluvial deposits up to 60 m thick, overlying
a sequence of sandstones, siltstones and mudstones of Permian age. The CSRMT survey
was carried out using a grounded electrical line 480 m long as a source in the frequency range
1–1000 kHz. The results of various inversion options were compared: 1) isotropic one-dimensional
(1D) inversion of CSRMT data; 2) isotropic separate two-dimensional (2D) inversion
of CSRMT and ERT data; 3) joint anisotropic 1D inversion of CSRMT and ERT data. Based
on the results of a joint anisotropic inversion of CSRMT data in the far and intermediate zones
of the source and ERT data, a vertical anisotropy associated with horizontal layering of frozen
Quaternary clay deposits in the depth range from 2 to 15–20 m was revealed and its parameters
(horizontal and vertical resistivity and anisotropy coefficient) were determined. On the
geoelectric section obtained from the ERT data, the thickness of the anisotropic layer of frozen
clayey deposits is significantly overestimated. The middle part of the section, in the depth
range from 15–20 to 60–70 m, is characterized by relatively low resistivity values (tens of
ohmmeters). This is consistent with the results of previous studies, which established that the
upper part of the Permian sediments is in a thawed state and is fractured and water-saturated.
A high-resistivity layer (hundreds of ohmmeters) was revealed at the base of the geoelecric
section according to CSRMT data. A significant increase in the resistivity of Permian rocks
with depth is confirmed by the data of vertical electrical soundings previously performed in
the Khanovey area.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 21-47-04401 and the
Research park of St. Petersburg State University “Center for Geo-Environmental Research and Modeling
(GEOMODEL)”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 68; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: permafrost

value: anisotropy of electrical properties

value: electrical resistivity tomography

value: radio-magnetotelluric soundings

value: controlled source


dc.contributor.author

value: Kaledina, Anastasiia S.

value: Bashmachnikov, Igor L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kaledina, A. S., Bashmachnikov, I. L. (2023). Mechanisms for formation of density inversions in the areas of regular deep convection in the Greenland Sea. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (4), 733–748. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.407 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this work, density inversions in the Greenland Sea, which precede a development of deep
convection, were identified from in situ data. The mechanisms of their formation were considered,
for which data from the GLORYS12V1 ocean reanalysis and the ERA5 atmospheric reanalysis
were used. In particular, the jet intrusions of warm Atlantic Water and cold water from
the East Greenland Current was identified, the role of ocean-atmosphere heat flux and the
freshwater balance of the sea surface were determined over two time periods: the 1990s (1993,
1994, 1998) and the 2010s (2008, 2011, 2013). The following main mechanisms of formation
of the density inversions were identified: The ocean-atmosphere heat flux, jet intrusions of the
upper ocean water, and difference between evaporation and precipitation. The density inversions
are often formed by a combination of these mechanisms. The ocean-atmosphere heat
flux is the main source of inversions observed with 93 % of the profiles with inversions. In the
1990s, jet intrusions of ocean water formed the second most important factor, with the difference
evaporation-precipitation being the third one. In the 2010s, however, the third factor
became more important than the second one, as evaporation started dominating significantly
over precipitation. An increase of a contribution of the latter factor occured together with an
increase in the number of salinity inversions during the 2010s compared to the 1990s and was
a result of a change in the dominating winds over the region. These results form a basis for
further investigation of the mechanisms of interannual variability of deep convection in the
Greenland Sea.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The authors thank the project of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian
Federation no. 13.2251.21.0006 (identifier RF-225121X0006, agreement no. 075-10-2021-104 in the
“Electronic Budget” information system of the Russian Federation).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Greenland Sea

value: deep convection

value: density inversions

value: potential instability


dc.contributor.author

value: Sedov, Nikolay S.

value: Chernykh, Natalia A.

value: Romero, Francisco

value: Kasatkin, Andrey V.

value: Evdokimov, Sergey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sedov, N. S., Chernykh, N. A., Romero, F., Kasatkin, A. V., Evdokimov, S. V. (2023). Dependence of bioavailability of lead compounds in soils on the type and source of contamination (the example of Mexico City and mining area of Parral, Mexico). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (4), 749–763. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.408 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Evaluation and monitoring of soil contamination with heavy metals relies in most cases on
their bulk concentrations whereas the risks of negative effects on human health depend upon
the content of their bioavailable forms. The paper presents the study of the dependence of lead
bioavailability in the surface soil horizons upon the contamination type and source. Two territories
in Mexico with sharp difference of the source of pollution: Mexico City megapolis where
the lead in soils originates from the ethyl gasoline burning and mining district in the south of
Chihuahua State where the mine tailings are the source of the toxic elements including lead.
Bulk lead concentrations were measured by the X-ray fluorescence method, bioavailability
was estimated by the method imitating the effect of the stomach and intestine solutions. The
research has shown that both in Mexico City (especially in its central part) and in the mining
district in the Chihuahua State bulk lead concentrations are several times higher than the
background values. The soils of the mining district have average bulk lead concentrations
787.5 mg/kg and show the average bioavailability values 64 % whereas in the Mexico City
megapolis average bulk concentrations of lead are lower — 324.7 mg/kg but bioavailability
reaches 83 % and in some samples even 100 %. These results support the conclusion that despite
lower bulk lead concentrations in Mexico City the risk of its negative effect on humans is higher than in the mining district polluted with the wastes of mining industry. The explanation
of the observed tendency is that the chemical form of lead has a major influence on its
bioavailability. Dependence of bioavailability upon the bulk concentrations within each study
territory has not been established.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: bioavailability

value: bulk concentration

value: contamination

value: lead

value: Mexico

dc.title

value: Article