title: The Impact of Human Resources Management Systems on Financial Performance of Banks in Russia

dc.contributor.author

value: Zelenova, Olga I.

value: Prosvirkina, Elena Yu.

value:
The article presents analysis of the impact of human resource management systems (HRM)
on the financial performance of banks operating in the Russian market. The sample includes
67 banks with different organizational characteristics (nationality of capital, ownership, location
of the head office, number of years of operation in the Russian market). The research
is based both on qualitative (a survey of heads of HR services of banks) and quantitative
(analysis of financial statements of banks). Data were collected in the period from 2011 to
2015. Initially, the main indicators characterizing the effectiveness of the HRM system (labor
productivity and return on investment in human capital), as well as indicators of the financial
performance of banks (return on assets and return on capital), were calculated. Further,
with the help of the system of econometric equations, the impact of performance indicators
of HRM systems on financial results of banks was determined. The study revealed that, on
one hand, implementation of the functions of the HRM system does not have a positive impact
on financial performance of the bank. At the same time, the impact of effects of some
particular variables characterizing the HRM system itself (orientation on the strategic goals
of the bank, the composition of the functions performed, the automation of functions, the
flexibility and innovation of the HRM system, the amount of personnel costs) on performance
of banks was revealed. So, the positive effect of the HRM system arises from its orientation
towards the strategic goals of the bank, as well as with the use of electronic systems that
automate the functions of HRM and thus improving the timing and quality of their implementation. Together, these variables, characterizing the HRM system, increase the return on
investment in human capital. If the bank also achieves the flexibility and innovation of the
HRM system, then labor productivity also increases. This, in turn, has a positive impact on
the financial performance of banks.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Russian Management Journal;Volume 15; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: human resources management system

value: financial performance

value: labor productivity

value: return on investment in human capital

value: banking sector of Russia


title: The Influence of CEO Letters’ Tone on Financial Indicators of the Company

dc.contributor.author

value: Fedorova, Elena A.

value: Demin, Igor S.

value: Khrustova, Lyubov E.

value: Osetrov, Roman A.

value: Fedorov, Fedor Yu.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper is devoted to the analysis of CEO letters as an instrument for influencing the expectations
of shareholders and potential investors. The aim of the research is to analyze empirically
the influence of semantic characteristics of CEO letters on financial indicators of the company.
The authors suggested that CEO letter’s tonality, its length and readability have a great impact
on the company’s financial indicators, their prediction and mid-year stock value. To check the
hypotheses stated, a sample group of 102 Russian companies was analyzed with the use of “bag
of words” method (specialized dictionaries were applied). For this purpose, neural network models
were also developed. The results obtained confirmed the influence of CEO letter’s semantic
characteristics on the stock value of company.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: CEO letter

value: bag of words

value: text analysis

value: neural networks

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


title: Practicies of CRM Strategies Development in the Russian Companies

dc.contributor.author

value: Manin, Aleksandr V.

value: Vetrova, Тatiana V.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Projects on the introduction and development of customer relationship management (CRM)
remain one of the most demanded in the practice of modern enterprises. In case of their successful
implementation, companies manage to significantly increase the level of loyalty of their
most valuable customers, as well as improve their market position and financial performance.
At the same time, a well-known fact is a high share of unsuccessful implementations of this
kind of projects in various industries, which is largely due to the inadequate elaboration of
strategic aspects of CRM implementation. The article presents analysis of data obtained during
the realization of dozens of consulting projects on the development of CRM strategies for
Russian companies. In each project the study (in the form of interviews) was conducted among
the decision makers on the issues of CRM. The obtained results allow assessing the general
level of interest of Russian companies in the development of strategic aspects of CRM, as well
as identifying existing problems in this area. In addition, they should draw the attention of
Russian company executives to the need for detailed study of the strategic component of CRM
and to increase the expert level of the staff responsible for its implementation.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Russian Management Journal;Volume 15; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: strategic aspects of customer relationship management

value: CRM strategy

value: CRM implementation

value: Russian market


title: The International Business Management Environment in the BRIC(S) Bloc

dc.contributor.author

value: Littrell, Romie F.

value: Prem, Ramburuth

dc.description.abstract

value:
The BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) were identified as the fastest growing emerging
economies by the economist Jim O’Neill in 2001. He created the acronym BRIC (which became
BRICS in 2010 to include South Africa) and raised their profiles. Some researchers viewed the rise
of BRIC(S) as phenomenal, others were more cautious. Scholars such as [Sinha, Dorschner, 2010]
noted the disparate nature of the BRIC countries, being separated geographically, culturally and
politically. Others (e.g. [Armijo, Burges, 2007; Tudoroiu, 2012]) noted a lack of conceptualization
of BRIC(S) as a group, that is having an array of similar characteristics. This article reviews the
international business management environment in the BRIC(S) bloc, finding uncertainties about
the sustainability of their upward trajectories. Historically and statistically, emerging economies that
secure rapid economic growth seem unable to sustain it after a decade, evident in the decline of
the economic fortunes of BRIC(S). This paper provides statistical insights into BRIC(S) individual
and bloc performance and discusses alternate clusters of emerging economies and predictions
(e. g. FIG, MINT, MIST, etc.). The discussion briefly considers the role of the New Development
Bank (2015), provision of development finance to BRIC(S) and other emerging economies, and
positioning in relation to existing financial institutions. The paper concludes with suggestions for
a more considered assessment of emerging economies and their role in the global economy.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: emerging economies

value: BRIC(S)

value: the Next Eleven

value: New Development Bank


title: Digital Manufacturing: New Challenges for Marketing and Business Models

dc.contributor.author

value: Daviy, Anna O.

value: Paklina, Sofia N.

value: Prokofyeva, Alia S.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper is aimed at identifying the role of digital manufacturing in changes of marketing
activities of industrial companies from the point of view of a business management system.
Authors define and conceptualize the notion of “digital manufacturing”. Research design is
based on the Deloitte Company methodology based on value creation approach. Customers,
product, economics of production, and value chain are essential methodology parameters.
Our analysis shows that implementation of digital manufacturing will necessarily significantly
change entire business model and marketing activity of the company. The main drivers of
this process are building and maintaining relationship with customers and new opportunities
related to product design and production. Interaction with customers without intermediaries,
customers’ involvement in the processes of new products development, new technical possibilities
of creating personalized product-service solution are main changes in marketing
activities caused by the implementation of digital manufacturing at the company.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The publication was prepared within the framework of the Academic Fund Program at the National Research
University Higher School of Economics (HSE) in 2016–2017 (grant № 16-01-0079) and by the Russian
Academic Excellence Project “5-100”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: digital manufacturing

value: marketing

value: business model

dc.title

value: Article


title: Extended Warranty: An Approach via Stackelberg Game

dc.contributor.author

value: Santos, Henrique

value: Cristino, Claudio

value: Bruno, Guedes

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper aims at showing how the game theory can be applied to the quantitative study
of extended warranty (EW). This kind of after-sales service represents an additional noncompulsory
coverage, which the consumer can or not buy after the acquisition of some
device, starting subsequently to the end of the base warranty (BW) period. Thus, a model,
in which two players interact, is shown, i. e. the original equipment manufacturer (OEM),
in charge of assigning prices to the equipment and to the extended warranty service; and
the customer (owner of the device). The way, in which the parts interact, is modeled through
the Stackelberg leadership game, which was originally applied in the analysis of the oligopolies
competition market. In this particular model, the leader represents the OEM and
the follower is the customer, where the OEM’s goal is to find a certain price structure to maximize
his profit and consequently influence the buyer’s decision. Through this adaptation,
the strategies and payoffs of players are defined. The robustness of the model is due to incorporating
elements of the economic theory (consumer’s surplus, producer’s surplus, consumer’s
reservation price, choice under uncertainty, maximum profit and contingent consumption
plan) and elements of the reliability theory (probability of failure and non-repairable
systems). Additionally, a numerical example and a sensitivity analysis of parameters are
presented to highlight the model. Finally, this research systematizes the steps of Stackelberg
game under the modeling of extended warranty (EW) as well.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Russian Management Journal;Volume 15; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: extended warranty

value: game theory

value: Stackelberg game

value: consumer’s reservation price


title: Earnings Management in Russian Companies: Professional Ethics of Operating Decisions

dc.contributor.author

value: Leevik, Yulia S.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The problem of earnings management is on of most topical issues in accounting practice
worldwide. There are many reasons for this phenomenon. In this paper we will follow papers
[Fischer, Rosenzweig, 1995; Geiger et al., 2006] to present the results of analysis of a survey
of Russian respondents concerning their attitudes on the ethical acceptability of earnings
management. It occurs that Russian respondents’ behavior is different from other countries
and we find factors that are associated with these differences. On the other hand, it was
found that Russia is not significantly different in earnings management perception from market
oriented developed countries.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: earnings management

value: ethics

value: financial reporting

value: accounting

value: accruals


dc.description.abstract

value: Special Sections: New Feature of the Journal (Editorial)

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.type

value: Article

filename: 06-Special Sections-New Feature of the Journal.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Sapogova, Elena E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sapogova E. E. Fortuity as ontologeme of autobiographic narratives. Vestnik SPbSU. Psychology and Education, 2017, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 286–307.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Based on the author’s existential-narrative approach, the phenomenon of personal (subjective) ontology
and the ways of the influence of the concepts of fate, fortuity and free will on the person’s comprehension
and interpretation of one’s ownlife path are studied. An ontologeme is defined as a theoretical
idea (ideologeme), originally assigned to individual thinking. The complex of ontologemes lies at the
basis of social practices that have been established in culture and are being translated into socialization
and inculturation. Ontologemes are not deduced personally by experience, they are not proved, but
are perceived and accepted by a human as mental precedents for constructing a life-semantic reality.
Any ontology contains in itself numerous implications, unfolding in the logic, ethics, subculture and
“personal philosophy” of the subject depending on his existential experience, the content of typical
situations and events that occur on his life path, the existing circumstances of existence, personal characteristics,
etc. The narrative connections between the ontologeme of free will, thinking and acting as
the semantic center of personal history (1), between the ontologeme of fate, faith and implementation
(2), between the ontologeme of fortuity, intuition and event (3) have been theoretically designed. The
psychological content of the ontologeme of fortuity is presented, its significance in the construction
of autobiographical narratives is shown, the psychological interpretation of fortuity types in human
life is given. The concepts of peripeteia (sudden fracture), hamartia (fatal case) and kairos (fluke) are
considered, their existential essence, role and semantic necessity in creating personal stories are substantiated.
Refs 54.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ (проект № 18-013-00058).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology and Education;Volume 7; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: personality

value: existential experience

value: autobiography

value: personal history

value: fate

value: case

value: free will

value: personal ontology

value: ontologeme


dc.contributor.author

value: Loginov, Nikita I.

value: Spiridonov, Vladimir F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Loginov N. I., Spiridonov V. F. Key areas of research in the embodied cognition approach. Vestnik SPbSU. Psychology and Education, 2017, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 343–364.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes one of the main trends in cognitive psychology — theoretical models associated
with the phenomenon of embodied cognition. Three directions of current research are analyzed within
the framework of the “Embodied cognition” approach: the phenomenological approach, the theory
of dynamic systems, the neo-ecological approach. In the phenomenological approach two independent
directions are considered: a neurophenomenology and front-loading phenomenology. Simulation
theories that occupy an intermediate position between the phenomenological approach and the
“Grounded Cognition” approach are described. The key elements of the neo-ecological approach are
considered, within the framework of which two directions are distinguished, each of which offers its
own version of the description of perceptive-motor interaction. The first direction appeals to the concept
of representation and connected with the theory of common coding. The second direction uses  the concept of affordance and proposes several solutions to the problem of measuring affordance. The
reason for the use of the theory of dynamic systems in cognitive psychology are considered on the
example of studying the error “A-not-B” in current studies of cognitive development. The actual status
of the theory of dynamical systems in cognitive studies is discussed. The conclusion gives a general
description of the value and novelty of the approaches described. Refs 92.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: embodied cognition

value: embodiment

value: cognitive psychology

value: grounded cognition

value: phenomenological approach

value: neurophenomenology

value: neo-ecological approach

value: theory of dynamic systems


dc.contributor.author

value: Ledovaya, Yanina A.

value: Tikhonov, Roman V.

value: Ivanov, Viktor Yu.

value: Yaminov, Bulat R.

value: Bogolyubova, Olga N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ledovaya Ya. A., Tikhonov R. V., Ivanov V. Yu., Yaminov B. R., Bogolyubova O. N. Organisational and methodological issues of data collection in an internet based study of Facebook users from Russia and USA. Vestnik SPbSU. Psychology and Education, 2017, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 308–327.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents a detailed description of the major steps and a description of the basic findings of
the project aimed to gather psychological, demographic and text data of Facebook users from Russia
and the USA by means of a special web-application and subsequently analyze them. Psychological characteristics
were evaluated with the help of online questionnaires with the built-in feedback (e. g. Short
Dark Triad, moral disengagement, subjective wellbeing WHO-5, SWLS, PC PTSD scales). Besides, on
participants’ consent, the application downloaded demographic data from their accounts and their
public wall posts’ texts that were later analyzed with linguistic methods. The article for the first time
in Russia presents the description of each step of that kind of research, including the ads campaign on
Facebook expenses for Russia and USA (which allowed to distribute the link to the application). It also
presents a number of significant research findings of the project being finalized at St. Petersburg State
University. We mention the necessary points in data collection for the colleagues who plan to organize
similar research, including those in terms of time, money, software development, feedback phrasing.
We also draw attention to the possible technical, organizational and methodological complications and
also to the means to overcome them based on our experience. Refs 25. Tables 2. Figs 4.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта СПбГУ 8.38.351.2015 «Стресс, здоровье и психологическое благополучие в социальных сетях: кросскультурное исследование».

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology and Education;Volume 7; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: methods of data collection

value: the milestones of an internet based study

value: social networks

value: Facebook

value: social networks users’ behavior

value: data collection by means of application

value: the feedback in internet based studies

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kolesnikova Margarita А.

value: Solodunova Maria Yu.

value: Zhukova Marina A.

value: Anikina Varvara O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kolesnikova M. А., Solodunova M. Yu., Zhukova M. A., Anikina V. O. Cognitive development of young children in institutions with different social environment. Vestnik SPbSU. Psychology and Education, 2017, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 365–381.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the Russian Federation institutional care (IC) has been the most prevalent form of care for orphans
and vulnerable children. At the same time, it has been noted that children who had experienced early
IC characterized by psychosocial deprivation often showed delays in cognitive functioning. Ways of
solving this problem are intervention programs designed to improve traditional IC and decrease child
deprivation. In Russia the main project on the improvement of IC was held in Saint-Petersburg (The
St. Petersburg — USA Orphanage Research Team, 2008), where one of the baby homes (BH) was restructured
to create a family-like social environment. Since The Saint-Petersburg — USA Orphanage
research project, conducted 15 years ago, there has been no comparison study of children’s cognitive
development in BH with different social environments that would indicate the influence of a familylike
social environment in IC on a child’s level of cognitive development. Herewith our research was
conducted to compare the cognitive development of children in different BH: traditional and familylike
institutions. Tests Methods included the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL, 1995), and the
Vineland Behavior Adaptive Scales (VABS, 2005). The sample included 25 children in the age range
from 5 to 28 months: 13 children from BHA, aged 5 to 28 months (M=18.46, SD=6.47) and 12 children
from BHB aged 6 to 28 months (M=16.67, SD=6.34). Results showed that children from family-like
orphanage (BHA) showed higher scores on cognitive development (F = 5.09, p=.03) and in particularly
the MSEL Visual Reception Scale (F =6.54, p = .01), and the VABS Expressive Communication Scale
(F = 12.91, p = .000) compared to children from traditional BH (BHB). The results emphasize the importance
of a family-like social environment in institutions both for cognitive development and the
mental health of young children. Refs 48. Fig. 1. Tables 2.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Исследование проводится при финансовой поддержке гранта Правительства РФ
(№ 14.Z50.31.0027) и Российского гуманитарного научного фонда (№ 16-36-01103).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: cognitive development

value: young children

value: institutional care

value: social environment

value: early development

value: impact of early deprivation


dc.contributor.author

value: Posokhova, Svetlana T.

value: Izotova, Мargarita Kh.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Posokhova S. T., Izotova M. H. Musical influence in the practice of correctional psychology: The emotional aspect. Vestnik SPbSU. Psychology and Education, 2017, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 395–408.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The importance of musical influence upon correction of the emotional sphere of teenagers with a mild
degree of mental retardation has been revealed. The emphasis is on providing the adequacy of the
perception and graphic expression of the emotional content of different compositions by this group of teenagers. There were musical selections, offered for listening, which at the same time objectified emotions
of joy, anger, sadness and tranquility. Teenagers with mild mental retardation are inferior to their
unimpairedly intelligent coevals in emotion definition accuracy, especially anger and tranquility. The
content analysis of free drawings made while listening to fragments of music demonstrated substantive
and colour vicinity of graphic appearance of emotions, close hierarchy of the accuracy of emotion
differentiation among teenagers with mild mental retardation and unimpaired intelligence. The coincidence
of orientation of working capacity change was proved to be significant among teenagers with
different level of mentality when listening to musical fragments of slow and fast tempo. The common
characteristics as revealed enable us to assume the ability of teenagers with intellectual disturbances to
adequately reflect the emotional content of the music that increases the objectivity of music therapy
results in solving the problems of correctional psychology. Refs 17. Tables 2.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology and Education;Volume 7; Issue 4

value: emotions

value: mental retardation

value: musical influence

value: perception of music

value: emotional content of music


dc.contributor.author

value: Naumenko, Olga V.

value: Kostina, Daria I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Naumenko O. V., Kostina D. I. Influence of irrelevant verbal satiation on the negative priming effect. Vestnik SPbSU. Psychology and Education, 2017, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 328–342.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Multiple repetitions of the same word induce the verbal satiation effect — a feeling of complete or
partial loss of meaning for the given word. Objectively this effect manifests itself in slower performance
for tasks associated with a repeated word. According to V. Allakhverdov (2000) we assume
that the attempt to keep realizing the unchanged content will help to “forget” the common meanings
of this content. Our consciousness cannot stay empty, thus some other new meanings (which
were previously “blocked but activated” because of a negative choice) should replace the “forgotten”
meanings. These new meanings should not be necessarily related to the repeated stimuli. Here we
used the negative priming method for experimental control of the “blocked but activated” stimuli.
The main task for our participants was to read a target word as quickly as possible while ignoring the distractor word. The additional task appeared after every 3 probes of the main task: we asked
our participants to read 10 words aloud (in the control group) or repeat the same one word aloud
for 10 times (in the experimental group). The negative priming effect was found — the reaction was
slower for the target stimuli, which have been previously presented as the distractors — but it decreased
under the influence of verbal satiation in those subjects who performed the main task more
slowly (they also pronounced the repeated words much more slowly in comparison to the control
group). In addition, the irrelevant verbal satiation speeded up overall subjects’ responses during the
main task. Refs 42. Figs 3. Table 1.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках проекта
№ 16-36-00297 мол_а.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: verbal satiation

value: negative priming

value: awareness

value: aftereffects

value: ignored distractors

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Galimzyanova, Maria V.

value: Kasyanik, Pavel M.

value: Romanova, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Galimzyanova M. V., Kasyanik P. M., Romanova E. V. Perception of parental attitudes of adults in relation to early maladaptive schemas. Vestnik SPbSU. Psychology and Education, 2017, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 382–394.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Parental attitude as an attitude towards children includes rational, emotional and behavioral components.
When important emotional needs of children and adolescents are not satisfied, the early
maladaptive schemes develop, which may contribute to relationship problems in adulthood. The aim
was to study the correlation of maladaptive schemas in adults with the perception of parental attitudes
to them in adolescence. There are significant correlations among characteristics of the parental attitudes,
as it was perceived by the respondents in their teens, and the level of their early maladaptive
schemas. Positive correlative relationships were revealed between indicators of emotional distancing
by the mother and early maladaptive schemas from a group of disturbed attachment relationships. The
perception of the mother as emotionally cold, distancing and not accepting, lack of love, warmth, care
and support in relations with the mother in childhood and adolescence can lead to the formation of
maladaptive schemas. Parental attitudes to children demonstrate features that determine formation
of early maladaptive schemas. In a sample of respondents who sought psychological help concerning
problems in various areas of interpersonal relations, the identified correlations will facilitate better
understanding of the mechanisms of the formation of negative attitudes and irrational beliefs in childhood
that have been influenced by the parenting style. The results of the study are consistent with the
provisions of developmental theory and significantly supplement the concept of family parenting and
can be used in practical work on family counseling. Refs 15. Figs 4.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РГНФ в рамках исследовательского
проекта № 15-06-10825 («Ранние дезадаптивные схемы и субъективные переживания детства в связи с совладающим поведением взрослых»).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology and Education;Volume 7; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: parent-child relationship

value: personality development

value: early maladaptive schemas

value: adolescence


title: Preface

dc.description.abstract

value: Preface

dc.language.iso

value: ru


title: SHORTENING OF THE LONG CONSONANTS IN DANISH AND WEST GERMANIC LANGUAGES

dc.contributor.author

value: Kuzmenko, Yury

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuzmenko Yu. K. Shortening of the long consonants in Danish and west Germanic languages. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 223–247.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The original Common Germanic long consonants as well as the long consonants
developed in different Old Germanic languages were shortened in the Middle
Germanic period (12th–16th c.). Due to inconsistency of Old and Middle Germanic
orthography one has to rely on modern data in order to answer the question about
the history of long consonants. Modern Danish and the West Germanic languages are
characterised by a correlation of syllable cut (or syllable contact) with short vowels
only in closed syllables. In words with close contact (CVC, CVCV(C)) the morpheme
final consonant cannot be separated by syllable boundary from the preceding root
vowel (Dan. falde /falǝ/, Ger. fallen /falǝn/, Dut. vallen /falǝ/). The morpheme final
consonants do not have any syllable initial features. At the previous stage of these
languages, which remains in Scandinavian languages (exept Danish) and in some High
German and Frisian dialects, the second part of a long consonant has a clear syllable
initial character, cf. Shw. falla /fal-la/. The shortening of the long consonants in Danish
and in the West Germanic languages is explained in the article within the framework
of Mel’nikov’s hypothesis about language as a self-adjusting system, with the possibility
to rebuild the system in accordance with a certain task. Thus, the long consonants in
the Danish and West Germanic language have lost their morpheme final and syllable
initial part in order to provide the coincidence of syllable and morpheme boundaries
in close contact words. Close contact is a very productive syllable type in modern
Germanic languages (especially in English and Danish) and a lot of original open
contact words have changed to that type of contact. This development together with
some other changes (increasing difference between syllable (and morpheme) initials
and finals and the development of tones) has led to increasing similarity between the
Germanic languages with the correlation of syllable cut and the syllabic languages of
South-East Asia.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований 2017–2019 гг. № 17-04-00360.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: historical prosody of the Germanic languages

value: Danish

value: West Germanic languages

value: history of long consonants

value: typology


title: THIS IS MY MOUNTAIN: WORD IMAGERY OF MOUNTAINS AND ROCKS IN TARJEI VESAAS’ POEMS

dc.contributor.author

value: Panov, Aleksandr

dc.identifier.citation

value: Panov A. M. This is my mountain: Word imagery of mountains and rocks in Tarjei Vesaas’ poems. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 286–306.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyses word imagery of mountains and rocks in the poems of the
Norwegian writer and poet Tarjei Vesaas. The introductory part puts в defines
the notion of “Vesaasian landscape”, suggested by poet and critic Tur Ulven. The
analytical part discusses word images of mountains and rocks contained in Tarjei
Vesaas’ six poetry books. In order to understand these images, the author attempts
to interpret them, analysing the artistic means used by the poet and discussing his
philosophical views. In the conclusion the author states that the images of mountains
and rocks experienced a significant evolution, gained new content and meanings.
In the early works, they are predominantly the background for the narrative, but
gradually “fuse” with the action and lyrical subject and become more complicated,
harder to interpret and analyse. The range of objects and phenomena symbolized by
mountains involves: 1) home, a small motherland; 2) various stages in the course of
human life; 3) mental and spiritual obstacles and barriers; 4) mind-suppressing fears
and anxiety; 5) the inner world of a person, hidden from others, and sometimes –
from himself; 6) natural, universal integrity; 7) mystical forces, enabling humans to
live and create; 8) spiritual and moral suffering; 9) the image of the poet himself. Being
an experimental poet and addressing his works not only to a Norwegian readership,
Tarjei Vesaass always retained a national character that is revealed through complex,
deep and multivalent relationships with nature. Often these relationships are realized
through the construction of a unique artistic landscape, the central place in which
is often occupied by mountains and rocks. Natural objects serve not only as a source
of inspiration, but as an important means of understanding himself and the world
around him.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Tarjei Vesaas

value: Norwegian literature

value: poetry

value: modernism

value: word imagery

dc.type

value: Article


title: GUNNAR EKELÖF’S DIWAN-TRILOGY

dc.contributor.author

value: Press, Natalia

dc.identifier.citation

value: Press N. A. Gunnar Ekelöf ’s Diwan-Trilogy. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 307–323.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Gunnar Ekelöf is one of the most prominent figures in Swedish poetry of the 1900s,
whose legacy is widely known all over the world and translated into multiple languages.
Ekelöf ’s writings have always been an object of major preoccupation for both readers
and scholars in Scandinavian and other European countries. “Byzantine” trilogy
(Diwan-trilogin), also known as “acrit cycle”, consists of three collection of poems
“Diwan on the prince of Emgion” (Diwan över Fursten av Emgion, 1965), “The Tale of
Fatumeh” (Sagan om Fatumeh, 1966) and “The guide to the underworld” (Vägvisare till
underjorden, 1967). The trilogy was mostly inspired by Byzantine history and art as well
as by the deep experience Ekelöf gained while travelling through Turkey in spring 1965.
The trilogy, especially its third part, is an ultimate expression of Ekelöf ’s lifework and
reflects the most important and profound themes that involved him deeply throughout
his whole life. This article aims to describe origins of the trilogy, its literary style and
philosophical uniqueness, address the sources the author was working with as well as
analyze the several aspects of collections’ composition. The main attention is paid to the
third part, “The Guide to the Underworld” — the most complicated, rich with multiple
allusions, self-citations and ekphrasis part of the trilogy where the Eastern theme is less
obvious on the level of formal expression. A characteristic feature of its composition
that stands out is repeated significant formulas, one of them being analyzed in the
article and appearing in five different poems beginning with the wording “I do best
alone at night” (“Ensam i tysta natten”). Ekelöf uses those poems as a possibility to
speak openly and straightforward to the reader about the most important issues in his
writings: time and eternity, life and death, the good and the evil, eroticism and mysticism
as well as about the role of an artist in our modern world.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Gunnar Ekelöf

value: Swedish poetry

value: mysticism

value: Diwan-trilogy

value: intertextuality

dc.title

value: GUNNAR EKELÖF’S DIWAN-TRILOGY


title: VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL FORMS OF GREETING/PARTING IN THE CONTEMPORARY DANISH LANGUAGE

dc.contributor.author

value: Gurova, Elena

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gurova E. А. Verbal and non-verbal forms of greeting/parting in the contemporary Danish language. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 204–222.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the main tendencies in the use of various forms of greeting
and parting in the contemporary Danish language – both verbal and non-verbal.
The change in the system of salutation at the end of the 1960s could not help but
influence the Danish speaking etiquette. The shift to ‘thou’ affected the rules of using
verbal and non-verbal forms of greeting thereby blurring the lines between them,
so the native speakers have to show discrimination in the choice of the form. The
choice of the form of parting proves more predictable since the manner and style of
communication has already been established. The research is based on continuous
sampling from four detective novels, a series of teenage books from six novels, and a
number of serials. Moreover, a survey (2017) was carried out among native speakers
of different age brackets (21 to 78), which allowed for revealing recent tendencies in
the use of verbal and non-verbal forms of greeting/parting. A prevalent neutral form
of greeting in the contemporary language is the hitherto vernacular word hej, and
hej or hej-hej for parting. The younger generation uses the forms goddag, dav, farvel
less frequently than those on the elderly side, while godaften for parting is practically
never used at all by any respondents. A whole host of forms specific to informal communication
occurs more frequently in the speech of youngsters. The recent tendencies
in the use of greeting revealed the turn to the duplicate form dav dav, as well as a
number of foreign forms. Non-verbal forms of greeting/parting include a nod, wave
of the hand, handshake, hug, and kiss on the cheek. Hand shaking and hugging is the
major sign language usually going along with the verbal greeting, and the younger
generation, when greeting coevals, chooses hugging, while handshaking is taking a
new lease of life.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Danish language

value: greeting

value: parting

value: colloquial speech

value: speaking etiquette

value: stylistics


title: THE MOTIF OF LONELINESS IN THE SHORT STORIES OF RUNAR SCHILDT

dc.contributor.author

value: Matashina, Irina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Matashina I. S. The motif of loneliness in the short stories of Runar Schildt. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 338–351.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes the evolution of the motif of loneliness in the works by Runar
Schildt, a Finnish-Swedish writer of the beginning of the twentieth century. He is
considered one of the prominent members of the Dagdrivare group of writers active in
Finland in the 1900s. Characters, created by the Finnish authors, long for an active life,
but fail to find a relevant application of their talents or a worthy lifetime project. With Schildt’s early works as an example, we analyze the motif of loneliness as a major factor
in the lives of the younger generation of Finnish Swedes as they tend to experience
themselves as superfluous people in their own homeland. The same motif of loneliness
is revealed in the short stories that render on the events of the civil war in Finland of
1918, as well as on the fates of the Russian intelligentsia, fleeing from the revolutionary
events. In these works, the plotline acquires a profound depth of meaning, while the
motif of loneliness receives both moral and existential significance. The protagonist’s
loneliness, especially the picture of his forlornness in a crowd of people and among
his own family is an important and recurring characteristic of R. Schildt’s characters.
Extreme spiritual disturbances, which protagonists become subject to, affect the space
and time level of the narratives. The motif of loneliness clearly revealed at all stages of
Schildt’s creative career cuts also across his short story writing.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Finland-Swedish literature

value: fiction

value: 20th century

value: Runar Schildt

value: short story

value: motif of loneliness

dc.type

value: Article


title: RELIGIOUS POETRY OF THE AGE OF REFORMATION IN SCANDINAVIA

dc.contributor.author

value: Korovin, Andrey

dc.identifier.citation

value: Korovin A. V. Religious poetry of the age of Reformation in Scandinavia. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 271–285.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with development of the religious poetry in Sweden, Denmark and
Iceland in 16th century. The Lutheran Reformation brought new poetic forms to the national literary traditions; it was initially connected to changes in church services
which would be provided in domestic language understandable to the common
people. The one of the most important parts of Lutheran Divine services is singing of
hymns. Lutheran hymns can be considered as the first examples of stable lyrical forms
in the literatures of Denmark and Sweden. The first examples of Lutheran hymns in
Scandinavia were translations from Latin and German directly connected to Biblical
tradition. Since the middle of 16th century the religious hymn became not only the most
popular poetic genre in Scandinavia but one of the most important sign of national
culture. The development of national lyrical forms of that time and in later periods in
Denmark and Sweden directly connected with hymnal poetry, but on the contrary in
Iceland the national poetic tradition was more inflectional till the beginning of 19th
century. That time the first collections of hymns were published in Danish, Swedish
and Icelandic and some of them were basis for the official collection of hymns in
Protestant churches of Scandinavian countries. The one of the most important features
of a Lutheran hymn is its inconstancy because the text should be understandable for
prayers and once written hymn had several rewritings in different historical periods.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: hymn

value: Scandinavia

value: religious poetry

value: Reformation

value: literature

value: lyrics


title: OCCUPATION OF NORWAY IN AKSEL SANDEMOSE’S NOVEL “THE PAST IS A DREAM“

dc.contributor.author

value: Taratonkina, Irina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Taratonkina I. P. Occupation of Norway in Aksel Sandemose’s novel “The past is a dream”. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 324–337.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Second World War was one of the greatest tragedies of the 20th century. It has
profoundly changed the course of history, claiming millions of lives. Not surprisingly,
it was depicted in the works of numerous writers and poets who sought to understand
the causes and origins of fascism. The theme of war is one of the key themes in the
creative heritage of the Danish-Norwegian writer Aksel Sandemose (1899–1965).
Throughout all his literary career, he was trying to understand the irrational behaviour
of people and was passionately willing to find out the structure of the society that brings
up murderers. In his understanding, Nazi Germany was an extreme example of evil,
aggression and stupidity that he blamed in the description of the city of Jante in the
novel “A Fugitive Crosses His Tracks” (“En flyktning krysser sitt spor”, 1933). In the
novel “The Past is a Dream” (“Det svundne er en drøm”, 1944), the writer continues to
develop this theme that penetrates all his works. The writer unconditionally denounces
fascism in it; the relations between the people are presented in the novel through the
prism of wartime. The theme of people’s choice when they are acting under pressure of
certain circumstances and are placed in specific historical framework is of great interest,
since A. Sandemose has his own view on the events. This novel is more optimistic
than any other opus of other Norwegian authors devoted to these dramatic events.
According to the point of view of the writer, individualism, disunity and indifference
lead humanity to war and strife. Portraying a whole gallery of characters which are far
from being ideal and full of all kinds of shortcomings, the writer draws attention to the
fact that all of them, excepting only one person, live and act true to their conscience.
The author emphasizes that during the Nazi occupation, people understood that not
everything can be bought for money. Things such as honour, courage, and love for
native land could not be sold.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Aksel Sandemose

value: The Past is a Dream

value: Nazism

value: occupation

value: World War II

value: Jante

value: Jante law

value: A Fugitive Crosses His Tracks


title: FOCALIZATION IN LENE ASK’S GRAPHIC NOVEL HITLER, JESUS AND GRANDFATHER

dc.contributor.author

value: Ermakova, Olga

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ermakova O. S. Focalization in Lene Ask’s graphic novel Hitler, Jesus and Grandfather. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 261–270.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reviews the graphic novel “Hitler, Jesus and Grandfather” (2006) by the
Norwegian artist and writer Lene Ask. The book has got several awards including the
Sproing Prize 2006 for best Norwegian comic book of the year. In 2011 the novel was
reprinted with an edition of five thousand copies. That’s a record edition for a Norwegian
graphic novel. This is an autobiographical story about Ask’s protagonist establishing
herself as an artist and finding her self-identity. This article compares focalization in
the novel’s visual and textual component and shows how word-image combinations
collaborate to create new levels in the narrative. One distinguishes four types of such
collaboration in the narrative and concludes: the images in the novel show the narrator’s
sensory experience: things that are happening in her life and her interaction with the
other persons. Where the narrator lacks such an experience, the gaps are filled with the
narrator’s visualization of the facts based on the media sources. The text presents the
narrator’s internal monologue and helps the person to comprehend and come to grips
with her sensory experience. The narrator verbalizes what is happening in her life and
what has happened in the history of her family, asks some questions and looks for the
answers trying to find the right place in her life. The panels where the text component
is absent, describe usually the situations where the person experiences frustration or
loss. Her emotions are too overwhelming, so that she can’t rationalize her experience
through speech. In these situations the reader should fill the gaps with the help of one’s
own life experience and take the role as a co-author of the story.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: focalization

value: Lene Ask

value: graphic narrative

value: naivism

value: Norwegian literature

dc.title

value: Article


title: LITERARY TRANSLATIONS AS MATERIAL IN LINGUISTIC STUDIES. THE AIM OF A PARALLEL SCANDINAVIAN-POLISH TEXT CORPUS

dc.contributor.author

value: Horbowicz, Paulina

value: Skrzypek, Dominika

dc.identifier.citation

value: Horbowicz P., Skrzypek D. Literary translations as material in linguistic studies. The aim of a parallel Scandinavian-Polish text corpus. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 167–180.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this paper, we discuss the possible composition, functions and aims of a parallel
Scandinavian-Polish and Polish-Scandinavian text corpus. We begin by showing
how different fields such as translation studies and contrastive grammar have used
translations as study material to gather and interpret data, and what one can learn
from those studies. Afterwards, we focus on the linguistic topics that so far have
been studied based on literary translations in the language pairs Polish-Swedish and
Polish-Norwegian. Our main resource here are bachelor and master theses written at
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan between 2010 and 2016. We discuss both the
composition of the corpora used, noting the asymmetries in the genres and source
languages (narrative vs. documentary prose; Swedish texts in Polish translations and
Polish texts in Norwegian translations) and examples of the use of corpora. The case
studies chosen here include one oriented towards strictly grammatical phenomena
(conjunctions in Swedish and their Polish counterparts), one oriented towards the
semantics of the source language (discourse particles in Norwegian) and one focusing
on stylistics of a given author (typical features of Czesław Miłosz’ prose). All case
studies have been prepared by manual search of accessible texts, rendering them more
modest than they could otherwise have been, had the students had access to digital
corpora. In the final part of the paper, we analyse the important features of a parallel
Scandinavian-Polish text corpus, including choice of texts, minimal size of the corpus
and types of functions necessary. We argue that such a corpus would prove valuable for
linguists, translation researchers and interpreters.

dc.language.iso

value: other

dc.subject

value: parallel language corpora

value: contrastive studies

value: literary translation

value: Norwegian

value: Swedish

value: Polish


title: WHEN THE “RIGHT” TEXT IS WRONG. THE INTERPRETATION OF THE BYNAME OF THE PRINCE SIGURĐR RISI

dc.contributor.author

value: Mundal, Else

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mundal E. When the “Right” text is wrong. The interpretation of the byname of the prince Sigurđr Risi. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 248–260.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The author discusses the byname of King Haraldr Fairhair’s son, Sigurðr, with the
Sami women, Snæfríðr. In Old Icelandic, the form is hrísi, ‘illigitime son of a free
women conceived in the bushes’. In Old Norwegian, h before r fell in beginnings of
words and the byname had the form risi, which is an ambiguous form when the length
of the vowel is not marked, and could stand both for older hrísi and risi, ‘giant|troll’. The author argues that the byname means ‘giant/troll’, and that it calls forth associations
to a mythic pattern and to Sigurðr’s Sami background. This interpretation is supported
by the translation of risi to gigas in the Norwegian Latin chronicle, Historia Norwegie,
and by the fact that the Icelander Sturla Þórðarson in his version of Landnámabók,
chose the form risi. Further, the author shows how the byname is treated by editors
of scholarly editions. In editions of Icelandic texts, the form hrísi is of course used.
The fact that there is a Norwegian source which says that the byname meant ‘troll/
giant’ is not used to problematize the meaning. In editions of Norwegian texts printed
according to the manuscripts the form risi is of course used, but in normalized texts
this form is changed to hrísi. In the future, the form hrísi must continue to be used
in editions of Icelandic manuscripts (except in editions of Sturlubók) since this is the
only form found in the manuscripts, but a comment problematizing the meaning
would be useful. In editions of Norwegian manuscripts, risi must be the correct
form.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 15; Issue 2

value: Sigurðr Troll/Giant

value: byname

value: Sami origin

value: mythic pattern

value: editing text


title: ARE THERE RUNES ON THE BIRCH BARK STRIP FROM SMOLENSK?

dc.contributor.author

value: Pereswetoff-Morath, Sofia

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pereswetoff-Morath S. Are there runes on the birch bark strip from Smolensk? Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 181–192.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The subject of the present article is a 12th-century strip of birch bark from Smolensk,
which, according to E. A. Mel´nikova (1984) and S. L. Nikolaev (2017), is inscribed with
Scandinavian runes of the younger Futhark. Mel´nikova’s reading and interpretation
have been accepted in Russian scholarship but viewed with scepticism by Scandinavian
runologists. For this reason, the inscription on the birch bark strip from Smolensk
has not been included in Samnordisk runtextdatabas, the database of Scandinavian
runic inscriptions. In addition, Mel´nikova was recently joined in her opinion that
the Smolensk strip bears Scandinavian runes by Nikolaev, though his reading and interpretation of the inscription is quite different from hers. The author of the present
article has studied the subject in situ in a binocular microscope and gives a detailed
account of her observations. In the article, Mel´nikova’s and Nikolaev’s readings are
analysed and arguments are put forward to demonstrate that the lines on the bark strip
can be accepted neither as runes nor as any other kind of writing.

dc.language.iso

value: other

value: runes

value: runelike signs

value: questionable runic inscriptions

value: runic inscriptions on objects

value: birch bark

value: reading and interpreting runic inscriptions

dc.type

value: Article


title: SWEDISH AND SOMALI LISTENERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS L2 SWEDISH SPEECH

dc.contributor.author

value: Zetterholm, Elisabeth

value: Abelin, Åsa

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zetterholm E., Abelin Å. Swedish and Somali listeners’ attitudes towards L2 Swedish speech. Scandinavian Philology, 2017, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 193–203.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Foreign accented speech does not always have an impact on intelligibility. However,
a foreign accent may have an impact on verbal communication even though the listener
understands the message and this is often related to listeners’ attitude. It is shown that
listeners with the same first language (L1) rate their own accent more positively and
comprehensible in comparison to listeners with other linguistic backgrounds. On the
other hand, other studies show the opposite without any indication for intelligibility
advantage for a speaker with the same first language as the listeners. Phonetic and
phonological contrasts between languages also have an impact on foreign accent and
the listeners’ judgments concerning intelligibility and pleasantness. In this pilot study,
the aim is to examine if Somali listeners rate speakers with a Somali accent of Swedish
higher for intelligibility and pleasantness compared to native listeners of Swedish, and
whether attitudes to L2 speech did or did not differ from one another.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: L2 Swedish

value: foreign accent

value: intelligibility

value: pleasantness

value: attitudes


dc.contributor.author

value: Matrenichev, Vyacheslav A.

value: Klimova, Ekaterina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Matrenichev V. А., Klimova Е. V. Experimental modeling of the conditions for the Formation of Precambrian weathering profiles. Composition of solutions and redistribution of lanthanides. Vestnik SPbSU. Earth Sciences, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 389–408.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Experimental test data of paleproterozoic granitoids leaching in oxygen and argon conditions and in
various acid alkaline environments showed that active leaching and forming of solutions with total
cations concentration of more than 20mg/l and K/Na>1 can only occur in an acid oxiditation environment.
In humid conditions solutions with negative cerium anomaly are forming, when in arid
conditions the cerium anomaly does not exist. During the formation of hypergene profiles in the Early
Precambrian there was a redistribution of components between the residual material of the weathering
crust and the authigenic component. The residual part of the weathering crust is combined with LREE
while the authigenous component of the weathering crust got enriched with the leached components.
Drained solution at the outlet of the hypergene profile has acquired ultrafresh characteristics, but a
higher ratio Rb/Sr and K/Na. Refs 21. Figs 4. Tables 8.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Работа выполнена при поддержке РФФИ 16-35-00136.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 62; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Precambrian

value: weathering

value: experimental leaching


dc.contributor.author

value: Lubkov, Andrey S.

value: Voskresenskaya, Elena N.

value: Marchukova, Olesya V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lubkov A. S., Voskresenskaya E. N., Marchukova O. V. Forecasting of the Southern Oscillation Index. Vestnik SPbSU. Earth Sciences, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 370–388.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The possibility of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) forecast on the basis of the artificial neural
networks model is studied in the paper. The ensemble of global climatic indices from 1950 to 2010
were used as the inputs. The model verification was done by the control period of 2007–2015. The possibility
of successful SOI forecasting in 1–5 months advance for the late autumn-early winter and for
early spring was demonstrated. Taking into account that two types of El-Nino and La-Nina exist, the
primary concern of April and May SOI forecast for the eastern type events has been shown. Refs 42.
Figs 4. Tables 2.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Работа выполнена при частичной финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ (проект № 16-05-00231-А).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Southern Oscillation

value: El Niño

value: La Niña

value: ocean-atmosphere system

value: forecasting

value: neural networksmodel

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lebedev, Sergey V.

value: Agafonova, Elizaveta K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lebedev S. V., Agafonova E. K. Ecogeochemical estimation of environmental pollution by monitoring data of heavy metals contamination in soil and snow cover (at the example of Vasileostrovsky district of Saint Petersburg). Vestnik SPbSU. Earth Sciences, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 357–369.

dc.description.abstract

value:
An ecogeochemical assessment of the state of the environment of the Vasileostrovsky district of St.
Petersburg based on the monitoring of the content of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni) in snow cover
and soil was carried out. It was established that in soils the average concentration coefficient of the
elements under study decreases in the series Zn > Cu> Pb> Cr > Ni. Authors considers the method
of estimating the spatial heterogeneity of distribution of heavy metals in urban soils within the area
of the “envelope” sampling method. It was revealed that, in general, the variation within the standard
“envelope” area is equal to 30 %. Authors proposed a “principle of minimizing the possible harmful effects of chemical contamination of soils” based on the measured value variations. For example, the distribution of total index of soil contamination within the Vasileostrovsky district of St. Petersburg shows that the accounting errors of sampling soil using the “envelope” sampling method associated with natural uneven areal distribution of heavy metals, can significantly affect the definition of the category of soil contamination. The difference between soil and soil contamination in the northern, central and western parts of the Vasilievsky island became more clearly visible — the latter turned out to be less contaminated. It was established that zinc determines the total snow cover contamination index, as well as in the case of soil. However, the series of concentration decrease looks different: Zn > Ni > Cu > Cr > Pb. A high positive correlation was found between the coefficients of zinc concentration in the snow cover and soil, which may indicate a constant supply of this pollutant to the components of the environment. A similar pattern was noticed for the total pollution index. The most noticeable difference was noted in the contamination of soil and snow cover by lead. For soils lead concentration determines the total pollution index. In snow lead content is at the background level. This may indicate that at present the intake of lead into the atmosphere is noticeably lower than 10 years ago. Refs 11. Figs 5. Tables 3.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 62; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: heavy metals

value: urban soils

value: snow cover


dc.contributor.author

value: Anokhin, Anatoly A.

value: Feodorov, Gennady M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Anokhin A. A., Fedorov G. M. The correlation of the processes of polarization and alignment of the level of social and economic development in the subjects of Russian Federation. Vestnik SPbSU. Earth Sciences, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 327–342.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The problems of polarization and alignment of the levels of social and economic development of countries
and regions are studied very actively, but there is no common opinion on the relationship between
these processes. Based on the analysis of statistical data (population density, the share of the urban
population, including the population of cities with a population of more than 100 thousand and more
than 1 million, GRP production per capita, per capita per capita income, per capita cash income of the
population) that in the 1990s and the very beginning of the 2000s the socio-economic differentiation
of the subjects of the Russian Federation increased, and later the differences in the per capita output
of the gross regional product and the per capita income of the population began to decline. At the same time, the concentration of the population in cities, especially large ones, continues. It is proposed to intensify the state policy of alignment social conditions in the subjects of the Russian Federation and improving the industrial infrastructure, creating conditions for a more complete use of regional potential to attract investment and the development of specialized industries. Refs 17. Figs 5. Tables 4.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ № 17-02-00069\17-ОГОН от: 20/04/2017.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: polarization

value: alignment

value: regions

value: Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Kayukova, Elena P.

value: Kotova, Irina K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kayukova E. P., Kotova I. K. Characteristics of formation of chemical composition of groundwater of active water exchange zone of the Bodrak catchment area (South-Western Crimea). Vestnik SPbSU. Earth Sciences, 2017, vol. 62, issue 4, pp. 343–356.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article focuses on study of the chemical composition of the groundwater zone of active water
exchange. The site of research was the Bodrak catchment area (South-Western Crimea). Formation
of groundwater is caused by the infiltration of precipitation. Its chemical composition is influenced
by natural and anthropogenic factors, but primarily it is determined by the enclosing sediments. At
the same time, a leading role belongs to the sand-and-clay and volcanic-sedimentary rocks of Triassic
and Jurassic. The predominant ions in the chemical composition of groundwater are mostly HCO3
–,
Ca2+. Factors affecting variations of chemical composition of groundwater of active water exchange
in the Bodrak catchment area are revealed. First of all, this is the chemical composition of the enclosing
sediments, under the influence of which the differences in the composition of the groundwater
of sandy-argillaceous, volcanogenic-sedimentary horizons (T2—J1) and carbonate deposits (Cretaceous
Paleogene) are formed. The nitrate ion and the association of Zn—Fe—Cu—Pb—Ni—Al in
the groundwater zone of active water exchange are associated with anthropogenic impact. The series
of elements Sb—As—Se—Co—Mo—Sn—Ag can be connected with the numerous sulfide nodules
characteristic of rocks of flysch deposits (T2—J1) and carbonate deposits (Cretaceous—Paleogene).
Refs 7. Figs 6. Tables 4.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект «Эколого-ресурсный
потенциал Крыма. История формирования и перспективы развития. № 15-37-10100 а (ц).

value: Crimean Mountains

value: underground water

value: zone of active water exchange

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Glinskiy, Vadim

dc.identifier.citation

value: Glinskiy, V. 2017. Phylogenetic relationships of psammosteid heterostracans (Pteraspidiformes), Devonian jawless vertebrates. Bio. Comm. 62(4): 219–243.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Psammosteid heterostracans are a group (suborder Psammosteoidei) of Devonian-
age jawless vertebrates, which is included in the order Pteraspidiformes.
The whole group of psammosteids is represented by numerous species (more
than 40); their phylogenetic relationships are still poorly known and deserve
further study. Classical researchers of the psammosteids, such as D. Obruchev,
E. Mark-Kurik and L. Halstead Tarlo, had different views on the phylogeny of
the group (e.g. origins and evolution of Psammosteus). To check the modern hypotheses
of psammosteid origins from various Pteraspidiformes and to clarify
psammosteid interrelationships, the most complete phylogeny of this group
(38 ingroup taxa + juvenile Drepanapsis) is presented here. Different methods
of data analysis were used to explore the psammosteid data set, including
equally weighted characters versus implied weighting. According to the results
of the phylogenetic analysis, the monophyletic status of the group and their
early development from the Pteraspidiformes are supported. The diagnoses
and interrelationships of many taxa are clarified. Two new genera are proposed
(Vladimirolepis gen. nov. and Elgaia gen. nov.), and two subfamilies are erected
(Placosteinae subfam nov. and Psammosteinae Traquair).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was funded by the
Saint Petersburg University (research
grant 0.38.292.2015). The research
was performed at the Center for
Geo‑Environmental Research and Modeling
(GEOMODEL) of the Research Park of
St. Petersburg State University.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Communications;Volume 62; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Agnatha

value: Heterostraci

value: Pteraspidiformes

value: psammosteids

value: phylogeny

value: classification


dc.contributor.author

value: Demin, Konstantin

value: Meshalkina, Darya

value: Lakstygal, Anton

value: Kalueff, Allan

dc.identifier.citation

value: Demin, K., Meshalkina, D., Lakstygal, A., and Kalueff, A. 2017. Developing translational biological psychiatry: Learning from history to build the future. Bio. Comm. 62(4): 278–292.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Psychiatric disorders are among the most complex human disorders that, albeit
often difficult to diagnose and treat, are widespread in modern society.
Biological psychiatry studies biological functions of the central nervous system
as mental disorders develop. Today’s biological psychiatry is facing multiple
conceptual problems that prevent our deeper understanding of disease pathogenesis
and delay the invention of new treatments. Thus, providing a historical
context to this rapidly developing field may help scientists better understand
the existing challenges and their potential solutions. Here, we discuss the main
conceptual problems and paradigms of biological psychiatry, including the lack
of reproducibility and/or valid theories, through an historical overview of its
role in addressing theoretical and clinical questions. We propose a wider use of
the translational approach in psychiatry to expand our analyses of psychiatric
disorders to other species, and as a tool to create and further develop theories
and concepts in this field.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the
Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(RFBR) Grant 16-04-00851.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: biological psychiatry

value: translational medicine

value: history of psychiatry

value: modern psychiatry

value: conceptual issues in psychiatry


dc.contributor.author

value: Mikhailova, Maria

value: Deal, Alex

value: Budygin, Evgeny

value: Gainetdinov, Raul

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mikhailova, M., Deal, A., Budygin, E., and Gainetdinov, R. 2017. Optogenetics: Applications in neurobiology. Bio. Comm. 62(4): 261–271.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Commonly used neuromodulation techniques such as electrical stimulation or
pharmacologic intervention have some technical limitations that preclude dissecting
particular cell- or pathway-specific functions in the brain, which is composed
of billions of neurons. An advancement of molecular genetics techniques
has provided a novel method in neuroscience called optogenetics. Optogenetics
uses a combination of genetic and optical methods that provide a means
to, with great temporal precision, experimentally control the activation or suppression
of specific neuronal sub-populations in heterogeneous brain regions
where multiple neuronal subtypes exist; this approach can be performed even
on freely moving animals. Thus, this tool can uniquely assist in establishing causality
between the disorder and the underlying pathology. Ongoing exploration
of pathological mechanisms in various animal models of neuropsychiatric
disorders with precise tools such as optogenetics can provide significant advances
in the development of more focused approaches to treatment of these
disorders. Here, we selectively highlight the major advancements gained by the
use of optogenetic tools to uncover at circuit levels mechanisms relevant to
neuropsychiatric disorders.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by
the Russian Science Foundation (Grant
no. 14‑50-00069).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Communications;Volume 62; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: optogenetics

value: opsin

value: neuropsychiatric disorders

value: addiction

value: schizophrenia

value: stress

value: depression

value: Parkinson’s disease

value: Alzheimer’s disease

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Malashichev, Yegor

dc.identifier.citation

value: Malashichev, Y. 2017. How not to get lost in the literature woods? (Editorial). Bio. Comm. 62(4): 217–218.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

filename: 01-How not to get lost in the literature woods.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Kurzina, Natalia

value: Aristova, Irina

value: Volnova, Anna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kurzina, N., Aristova, I., and Volnova, A. 2017. Effects of early sensory deprivation on spatial learning in adult rats. Bio. Comm. 62(4): 256–260.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Following vibrissae removal in early ontogenesis from P1 (post-natal day 1) to
P30, three-month old rats were trained to run for food in an 8-arm radial maze.
Training started at the age of three months. Adult rats demonstrated ability to
perform the behavioral task; however, their performance was not as good as
in the control group. Our findings revealed the differences in the rats` exploratory
strategy and key behavioral tactics of entering the maze arms at a certain
angle. The results show that active vibrissae sensing plays an important role in
shaping rat behavioral tactics during spatial learning in the 8-arm radial maze.

dc.subject

value: ontogenesis

value: behavior

value: vibrissae

value: sensory deprivation

value: spatial learning


dc.contributor.author

value: Uligova, Tatyana

value: Gorobtsova, Olga

value: Tsepkova, Nelli

value: Rapoport, Irina

value: Gedgafova, Fatima

value: Tembotov, Rustam

dc.identifier.citation

value: Uligova, T., Gorobtsova, O., Tsepkova, N., Rapoport, I., Gedgafova, F., and Tembotov, R. 2017. Ecological and biological studies in the haplic chernozems pacnic soils area in the Central Caucasus (Kabardino-Balkaria). Bio. Comm. 62(4): 244–255.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The northern macroslope of the Central Caucasus and adjacent areas of the
Middle Ciscaucasia belong to the Northeast Caucasian (semi-desert) type of
vertical zonation. This type, which includes terskiy and elbrusskiy variants of
vertical zonation, differs from the Northwest Caucasian vertical zonation by
general xerophytization of landscapes. The Haplic Chernozems Pacnic soils of
Kabardino-Balkaria formed within steppe zone of mentioned variants are almost
entirely involved in agricultural use; natural ecosystems with characteristic
species composition of natural vegetation and mesofauna were preserved
only in small areas inconvenient for arable activity. Characteristics of the current
ecological-biological state of the steppe ecosystem components from the
Haplic Chernozems soils area (soil — vegetation — earthworms) is given. The
values of synecological indices (Shannon’s, Simpson’s, Pielou’s, Hartley’s, and
integral) characterize high floristic and phytocenosis diversity, and synantropization
indices correspond to average levels. Earthworms are in abundance and
represent the largest part of the mass of soil organisms in species composition,
which corresponds to steppe zonal conditions and testifies to the dominance of
the saprotrophic complex. The correlation and factor analysis by the principal
components method shows wide ranges of interdependence in functioning of
ecosystems components: between diversity of biotic communities and biological
properties (humus content, microbial biomass carbon contents (Cmic), intensity
of microbial respiration, enzymatic activity) and physicochemical properties
(pH of soil solution, field moisture, soil density) of Haplic Chernozems.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Communications;Volume 62; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Central Caucasus

value: Haplic Chernozems Pacnic soils

value: steppe zone

value: humus

value: biological activity

value: phytocenoses

value: earthworms

value: biodiversity indices


title: Malfunctions in synaptic membrane trafficking in early pathology of Parkinson’s disease: New molecular clues

dc.contributor.author

value: Sopova, Elena

value: Korenkova, Olga

value: Shupliakov, Oleg

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sopova, E., Korenkova, O., and Shupliakov, O. 2017. Malfunctions in synaptic membrane trafficking in early pathology of Parkinson´s disease: New molecular clues. Bio. Comm. 62(4): 272–277.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The midbrain dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral
tegmental area play vital roles in the regulation of voluntary movement, emotion
and reward in humans. These neurons are highly metabolic and are under
constant oxidative stress. The dopaminergic neurons form extensive synaptic
projections to the striatum. When these neurons start dying or when their synaptic
connections fail, humans develop Parkinson´s disease. This disease is accompanied
by the accumulation of toxic α-synuclein-containing protein aggregates
in nigrostriatal processes. Synucleins accumulate in a majority of healthy
nerve terminals in the central nervous system, but what causes the formation
of pathological synuclein aggregates is unclear. Recent studies point out that
the interface between membrane trafficking in the nerve terminal and the autophagy–
lysosomal pathway is the site for the aggregate assembly. An urgent
goal is to find therapeutic targets at early stages of the disease when neurons
are still functional.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by
the Russian Science Foundation (Grant
No. 16‑15-10273), the Swedish Medical
Research Council (Grant No. VR-M №1501),
and Parkinsonfonden.

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: synapse

value: synaptic proteins

value: atophagy-lysosomal pathway

value: developmental transcription factors

value: Parkinson´s disease

dc.type

value: Article


title: SUPPLEMENTS 1–2. Phylogenetic relationships of psammosteid heterostracans (Pteraspidiformes), Devonian jawless vertebrates

dc.contributor.author

value: Glinskiy, Vadim

dc.identifier.citation

value: Glinskiy, V. 2017. Phylogenetic relationships of psammosteid heterostracans (Pteraspidiformes), Devonian jawless vertebrates. Bio. Comm. 62(4): 219–243.

dc.description.abstract

value: SUPPLEMENTS 1–2. Vadim Glinskiy. Phylogenetic relationships of psammosteid heterostracans (Pteraspidiformes), Devonian jawless vertebrates

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Communications;Volume 62; Issue 4


title: ПОЛИТИКА ПОСТПРАВДЫ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ

dc.description.abstract

value: В сборнике представлены текстов докладов, сделанных участниками всероссийской конференции с международным участием «Политика постправды и популизм в современном мире», которая прошла 22-23 сентября 2017 г. в Санкт-Петербургском государственном университете. Инициаторами и организаторами конференции выступили преподаватели кафедры политических институтов и прикладных политических исследований факультета политологии СПбГУ.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: ООО "Скифия-принт" (Санкт-Петербург)

dc.title

value: ПОЛИТИКА ПОСТПРАВДЫ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ

value: Book

filename: политика постправды.pdf

description: Сборник материалов по итогам Всероссийской научной конференции с международным участием "Политика постправды и популизм в современном мире"/ Под редакцией О.В. Поповой


dc.contributor.author

value: Borokh, Olga N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Borokh O. N. Chinese debates on Adam Smith’s heritage in 1920s in the context of assimilation of Western economic thought. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2017, vol. 33, issue 4, pp. 566–592.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes special issues of the journals Xueyi (Wissen und Wissenschaft) and Dongfang Zazhi (The Eastern Miscellany) published in 1923 on occasion of the bicentennial of Adam Smith. An examination of these materials, which are not well known among scholars of the history of economic thought, helps fill a void in research on the understanding of Adam Smith in China in between the publication of the first (1902) and the second (1931) translations of The Wealth of Nations, and in particular to illuminate the assimilation of Western economics into China in the early 1920s. This article investigates the approaches of Chinese authors to comparing Smith’s teaching with Chinese tradition; special attention is paid to their views on mutual relations between the ideas of Smith and Marx. Representative interpretations of some facets of The Wealth of Nations (laissez-faire, theory of value, principles of taxation, theory of wages, methodology) are noted. The issues of Xueyi and Dongfang Zazhi on Adam Smith mirrored different perspectives of the assimilation of Western economic ideas. Chinese students in Japan were exposed to a significant influence of socialist thought that compelled them to treat Smith as a predecessor to Marx. Graduates of American universities approached Smith as the founder of contemporary Western economics. Their scholarly views served as the base for the formation of a professional economic community in China in the 1930–1940s. Comparing Chinese publications with V. M. Stein’s book about Smith (1923) provides an opportunity to illustrate similarities and differences in the development of economic thought in China and in Russia.
Refs 44.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 33; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: The Wealth of Nations

value: bicentennial of Adam Smith

value: overseas Chinese students

value: Japanese influence

value: Marxism

value: American economics

value: Xueyi

value: Dongfang Zazhi

value: Republican China


dc.contributor.author

value: Vorontsovskiy, Aleksey V.

value: Vyunenko, Lyudmila F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vorontsovskiy A. V., Vyunenko L. F. Forecasting real effective exchange rate indices of currencies using a stochastic factor. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2017, vol. 33, issue 4, pp. 522–549.

dc.description.abstract

value: This article considers the possibility of forecasting real effective exchange rate indices for leading world countries. A stable unified mean trajectory for a reliable forecast of the index cannot be constructed using data from 31 January 1994 to 30 April 2017; however, it is reasonable to use data of the last period for this purpose. To construct a short-term forecast of real effective exchange rates based on initial value, we propose using a simulation with a discrete approximation of stochastic differential equations of Merton, Vasicek, Dosen, Ogden, and Cox-Ingersoll-Ross, and a polynomial residues model. Simulations using discrete approximations of the Vasicek, Merton, Dosen, and Ogden equations did not allow constructing a reliable forecast of the specified index using data from April 2016 to March 2017 for the USA, UK, Eurozone countries, Japan, and Switzerland. Processing simulation results based on a discrete approximation of the stochastic Cox-Ingersoll-Ross equation and the polynomial residues model, and for the considered countries for most of the same time period, resulted in a 50 % confidence interval for the mean trajectory of observed values of effective exchange rates indexes. The quality of the forecast essentially depends on the selected time period and methods used to determine the numerical parameters of discrete approximations for the original stochastic equations. Refs 34. Figs 10. Tabl. 3.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: real effective exchange rates

value: stochastic equations

value: dynamics of exchange rates

value: models of polynomial residues

value: discrete linear approximation

value: simulation

value: confidence intervals

value: forecasting

value: given current values

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Degos, Jean-Guy

dc.identifier.citation

value: Degos J.-G. Pierre B. Boucher, French economist in the service of the Russian Tsar  Alexander the First. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2017, vol. 33, issue 4, pp. 550–565.

dc.description.abstract

value: This article is devoted to the prominent French economist, accountant, and lawyer Pierre B. Boucher (1767–1838). Boucher had a special destiny for a French man who was born in the eighteenth century and died in the nineteenth. He witnessed wars and revolutions, and travelled extensively between France and Eastern Europe. Boucher authored several books on law, trade, political economy, and commercial fleets. Currently he is well-known for his excellent treatise La Science des Negocians et Teneurs de Livres, strongly inspired by Mathieu de la Porte’s book by the same name. Boucher’s treatise was translated into Russian and adapted by Ivan Akhmatov, who made it known throughout Russia. Boucher practiced many professions, such as banker, bookkeeper, law professor, state adviser, lawyer (in France), brigadier, adviser to the Tsar, and expert in maritime law in Russia. His life had a thousand facets, each representing a research interest. This article presents an outline of Pierre Boucher’s biography and an analysis of his activities in service to Russia. Boucher’s achievements during this period of his life have not been studied before, even though they made a significant contribution to improving Russian accounting and commerce. Refs 45. Table 1.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 33; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: French revolution

value: bookkeeping

value: accounting principles

value: accounting theory

value: history of accounting

value: history of law and commerce

value: Franco-Russian relations


dc.contributor.author

value: Chernova, Elena G.

value: Razmanova, Svetlana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chernova E. G., Razmanova S. V. Structural shifts in oil and gas industry: key factors, indicators, consequences. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2017, vol. 33, issue 4, pp. 622–640.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The trend of combining competition and cooperation has ambiguous consequences for the traditional vertically integrated business organization, which has been the most important characteristic of leading corporate structures in the global economy for more than one hundred years. This article aims to define methodological principles at the heart of the integration mechanism for oil and gas companies, designed to ensure optimal combination of competition and cooperation by transforming existing forms of competitiveness.
Using data from companies’ financial statements (annual consolidated financial statements from official websites and publicly available), the analysis focuses on structural shifts in the oil and gas industry within the context of a transition to organizational and legal forms of cooperation, which combine elements of competition and cooperation. The paper considers main factors and indicators that determine structural shifts in this industry. It also presents results of the analysis, showing activities of the largest foreign and Russian energy companies. We show that decisions regarding integration in the industry are based on companies’ cooperation in the process of building up oil and gas condensate reserves and resources, and developing and applying technologies to prioritize production, processing, and transportation of unconventional and traditional sources of hydrocarbons in the future. Refs 19. Tables 6.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: oil and gas industry

value: energy companies

value: co-option

value: mutual specialization

value: internalization

value: co-opetition

value: decommercialization paradigm

value: R&D

value: investment and innovation policy

value: total cash flows


dc.contributor.author

value: Kolycheva, Valeria A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kolycheva V. A. Profitable and losing art-investments: a statistical analysis of the profitability.  St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2017, vol. 33, issue 4, pp. 641–657.

dc.description.abstract

value: The current article sets out to prove the existence of unconditional investment potential in objects of art. Only 14.8 % of monuments do not bring profit to their owners from resale, against a backdrop of an overwhelming share of works (85.2 %) that guarantee financial success to their collectors. It is on such “halves” that the world art market disintegrates, allowing us to look objectively and for the first time empirically to study aggregates previously not open to analysis: Profitable Repeat Sales and Unprofitable Repeat Sales. The antagonistic comparison of art investments presented in the study makes it possible to reveal a real paradox in the monuments market: the practically functional dependence between prices (first and later) on art in the rating of unprofitable works. How can a work sold at a higher price than it was purchased be on a list of unprofitable artistic value? We suggest the answer is in the collector’s losses due to transaction costs, which leads to additional analysis in the field of specific risks for this market. Our main conclusion is that confirmation of constant profitability of art (the nature of the connection is almost functional) given the free action of one variable, risky transactions; for accuracy of forecasting such transactions, scholars depend upon the probability of the appearance of an absolutely correct means for preserving and multiplying capital. Refs 18. Tables 13.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 33; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: art market

value: works of art

value: profitability

value: variation analysis

value: correlation analysis

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Korshunov, Oleg Yu.

value: Kashcheyeva, Elena A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Korshunov O. Yu., Kashcheyeva E. A. Expediency of losses in arbitrage in the foreign exchange market. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2017, vol. 33, issue 4, pp. 602–621.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article explores the feasibility of hedging a dealer’s unbalanced position in a foreign exchange market by arbitrage for previously concluded forward contracts. One technology is “reverse hedging,” which involves opening of missing spot positions to obtain risk free results. In the Russian market, this technology can translate losses of an unbalanced position into gains. The authors discuss factors of market inefficiency and their influence on the results of hedging unbalanced position through the tool of arbitrage in spot foreign exchange and credit markets. Hedging appears to be slightly different for quotes relative to upper or lower boundaries of the arbitrage corridor. Derived formulas allow estimating the financial result for cases of implementing the proposed risk minimization procedure. The authors suggest a new approach to formulating the criterion of expediency of such operations and provide its mathematical formalization based on historical data of exchange volatility and attitude to risk. Refs 15.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: arbitrage

value: forward contract

value: derivatives

value: risk hedging

value: foreign exchange market


dc.contributor.author

value: Barkar, Aleksandr A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Barkar A. A. Development of instruments of financial diagnostics of crisis. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2017, vol. 33, issue 4, pp. 658–672.

dc.description.abstract

value: Despite positive trends in key macroeconomic indicators, the Russian economy remains sensitive to external and internal risks, and real incomes continue to diminish. As a result, the commercial real estate market, weakened during the last two years, is still far from stabilizing, indicating the need to improve instruments of crisis diagnostics. The goal of this paper is to develop models of crisis diagnostics for companies renting commercial real estate. To achieve this aim, we briefly review existing instruments, problems of their application, and improvements. The paper outlines in detail the stages of developing complex crisis diagnostics models with the use of methods of statistical classification of data, and we present results of the classification of economic entities in comparison with the foreign analogues. Refs 30. Figs 2. Tabl. 3.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 33; Issue 4

value: crisis diagnostics

value: financial insolvency

value: discriminant analysis

value: logit-regression

value: forecasting


dc.contributor.author

value: Koniagina, Maria N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Koniagina M. N. Dynamics of bank deposits in 2014–2015 under conditions of fluctuations in the Russian ruble exchange rate: Аnalysis and interpretation. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 2017, vol. 33, issue 4, pp. 593–601.

dc.description.abstract

value: The Russian monetary system has been repeatedly influenced by many negative factors, the last of which was the 2014 devaluation of the ruble, a key element of the national monetary system. This resulted from a change in the Bank’s policy on exchange rate setting and new monetary decisions. At the same time, estimates by various analysts and representatives of the Ministry of Finance, Central Bank, and other official bodies and agencies are ambiguous and often cause confusion among ordinary citizens. The presentation and interpretation of dynamics of some money market indicators in the mass media, as resulting from Central Bank decisions, necessitates the study and application of such tools that produce unambiguous results. The main goal of this article is to study dynamics of bank deposits and exchange rates for the Russian ruble, Euro, and US dollar, to ascertain if dynamics of bank deposits in Russia reflect changes in public confidence in the national currency for mid-2014 the beginning of 2016. The study uses methods of comparative analysis, including graphic representation, consolidation, and correlation analysis, methods verified by Russian and foreign economists, of large data within a certain timeframe. Refs 19. Figs 6.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: bank deposit

value: currency rate

value: devaluation

value: monetary policy

value: national currency

value: foreign currency

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Korneeva, Irina E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Korneeva I. E. Market Orientation in Non-Profit Sector: The Concept and Main Research Directions. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management, 2017, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 564–595.

dc.description.abstract

value: The paper aims to characterize the core theoretical framework of a concept of market orientation in the nonprofit sector. It systematizes up-to-date studies in this field and determines areas for future development. The analysis covers peer-reviewed papers from 1969 to 2015. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the theoretical concept of market orientation in non-profit organizations. Market orientation is regarded as organizational philosophy that gave rise to a certain form of organizational culture, as well as a set of behavioral norms that are consistent with the values of market-oriented organizational culture. Based on the analysis of current studies in the field of market orientation in non-profits, the author points out two most actively developing areas of empirical research. The first focuses on factors that affect the level of market orientation in non-profits. The second examines the impact of market orientation on the performance of non-profits. The paper concludes that market orientation has a positive impact on organisational performance. This result provides additional grounds to the validity of the concept of market orientation in the non-profit sector.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was realized within the framework of the project "Comprehensive Analysis of the Factors of Efficiency of Cooperation between NGOs and the State in the Provision of Social Services" of the Program of fundamental research of the National Research University "Higher School of Economics" in 2017.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 16; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: non-profit marketing

value: concept of market orientation

value: the non-profit sector

value: donor orientation

value: beneficiary orientation

value: organizational performance in the nonprofit context


dc.contributor.author

value: Migol, Ekaterina V.

value: Tretyak, Olga A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Migol E. V., Tretyak O. A. Business Models and Financial Performance of Companies: The Russian Market of Electronics and Home Appliances. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mana gement, 2017, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 531–563.

dc.description.abstract

value: Recent advances in communication and information technologies have allowed companies to introduce new business models (BM) by implementing subjects of process, product and organizational innovation and involving new forms of cooperation and collaboration. All of this brings evidence to the fact that the Internet with its dynamic, rapid growth and highly competitive characteristics creates new ways of making a profit for the companies and makes it possible to construct new platforms for novel business models. There are currently an increasing number of publications in the sphere of business models. Due to BM-related issues being relatively new in academic research, there is still a lack of one common methodology for the analysis of this construct. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the question of correlation between BM and company’s financial results. We take Russian retail companies that specialize in home appliances and electronic products as the subject of our study, assuming that these companies are more likely to use and implement the advances of information technologies and experiment with their business models. Building on existing literature, we conceptualize a firm’s business model as a number of interdependent activities that describe the sources of firm’s value creation — novelty, lock-in, complementarities and efficiency. The next step is to explore their connections with the firms’ financial performance. The empirical results show that there is a statistical correlation between novelty-centered BM and financial results. The paper is limited to one certain segment of the market: retail firms that specialize in home appliances and electronics.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was realized within the framework of the National Research University "Higher School of Economics (HSE)" Basic Research Program in 2017 “Study of the Impact of Types of Business Models and Marketing Practices Implemented on Financial Performance of the Company".

dc.subject

value: business model

value: value chain

value: value co-creation

value: sources of value creation

value: financial results

value: market of electronic products and home appliances

value: Russia