title: Estate Topos in Ivan Bunin’s Prose

dc.contributor.author

value: Gong, Zehui

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gong, Z. (2024). Estate Topos in Ivan Bunin’s Prose. The World of Russian Word, (3), 50–56. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu30.2023.306

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is devoted to the analysis of the manor topos and the image of the estate in the prose by Ivan A. Bunin. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the concept of “estate topos” is not sufficiently developed in the Chinese humanities. The article considers only a few works by Chinese researchers. The works of Russian scholars are more focused on Bunin’s poetry. Based on the theory of the estate topos, the article shows that еhe image of the estate in the writer’s prose becomes the most important. In the study of the dynamics of this image, three stages of its formation and functioning are distinguished. Between 1890 and 1900 the image develops, the locus of the garden is clearly indicated (the story “Tan’ka”). The period of 1900–1919 is characterized by deepening of interpretation. From the poeticization of estate life in “Antonovka Apples” the author proceeds to deep reflections on the reasons for the extinction of noble nests in “Sukhodol”. In the period of 1920–1940 the image of the estate is built in organic correlation with the theme of the house, the lost home, the lost native nest. This period is represented by the story “Mitya’s Love”, the novel “The Life of Arseniev”, the collection of stories “Dark Alleys’. The novel “The Life of Arseniev” is a kind of culmination in the disclosure of the estate theme in Bunin’s prose. The image of the estate in the novel is associated with the nature of the hero’s memories, it changes along with the change of his emotional experiences in different periods of life from childhood to adolescence, and then to youth. In the 1920s and 1940s, the content and tonality of the estate topos were significantly corrected. The estate is interpreted as an absolute value, imprinted by memory and preserved thanks to memory in the space of culture. The image of the estate in Bunin’s work acquires semantic volume and bright originality, associated, among other things, with the historiosophical and spiritual understanding of this phenomenon in Russian culture.

dc.subject

value: Bunin

value: estate topos

value: image of the estate

value: dynamics

value: poetics

value: national image of the world

dc.title

value: Estate Topos in Ivan Bunin’s Prose

filename: 06+Гун+Цзэхуэй.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Suprun, Vasilii I.

value: Dekatova, Kristina I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Suprun, V. I., & Dekatova, K. I. (2024). Russian Studies at Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University: History and Modernity Congratulations with Russian Language Day. The World of Russian Word, (3), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu30.2023.314

dc.description.abstract

value: The authors argue that throughout the existence of the Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University, the Russian language has always been among the main subjects of training the students, future teachers, since it is impossible to provide the necessary level of the educational process at school without it. The Department of the Russian Language at the Volgograd Pedagogical Institute was established in 1932. Prominent Soviet linguists V. A. Brim, M. F. Belyaev and others worked in it. During the Great Patriotic War, many students and teachers of the Department defended the country at the fronts, worked in the rear, contributing to the victory over the enemy, and the institute temporarily suspended work. In the post-war period, scholarly traditions were laid at the Department, which were continued in its subsequent history. The founder of the Volgograd Ethnolinguistic school is L. M. Orlov, the research in Russian dialectology was continued by R. I. Kudryashova, E. V. Brysina and others. The traditions of onomastic research were laid down by I. G. Dolgachev. The famous Russian onomatologist V. A. Nikonov in 1988 invited Volgograd researchers to organize a conference “Onomastics of the Volga region”, and since then the permanent organizing committee has been in Volgograd, and the conferences have become important events in the scholarly life of Russia. The foundations of linguodidactics and methods of teaching the Russian language, as well as derivatology were laid by the works of Z. A. Potikha. The phraseology of the Russian language was studied by N. F. Alefirenko, under whose leadership a school of phraseologists was created, which is now headed by K. I. Dekatova. A significant contribution to modern Russian studies is made by the works of V. P. Moskvin, T. N. Kolokoltseva, L. A. Shestak, M. F. Shatskaya, E. I. Aleshchenko, etc. The Department of the Russian Language has a successful combination of experienced and young scholars, there is a successfully operating postgraduate school, dissertations on Russian studies are regularly defended in the Dissertation Council. This serves as a guarantee for the further successful development of Russian studies at the Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The World of Russian Word;Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Russian studies

value: pedagogical university

value: methods of language teaching

value: ethnolinguistics

value: phraseology

value: onomastics

value: stylistics

value: dissertation council

dc.type

value: Article

filename: 14+Супрун+Декатова.pdf

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Odintsova, Irina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Odintsova, I. V. (2024). Structural and Communicative Models with Target Semantics in a Complex Sentence in the Practice of Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language. The World of Russian Word, (3), 64–71. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu30.2023.308

dc.description.abstract

value: The article deals with complex sentences of the goal from the point of view of their teaching in a foreign audience. The use of complex target sentences is one of the most difficult topics in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language. In linguistic literature, the expression of target relations by a complex sentence does not find an unambiguous interpretation: there is a wide and narrow understanding of these sentences. Appeal in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language to the concept of a structural-communicative model allows us to limit the use of target sentences to cases of expressing self- and non-self-target relations. Such a division of syntactic relations expressed in a sentence is extremely relevant in Russian as a foreign language, since it reflects, firstly, the dynamics of the presentation of grammatical material depending on the level of foreign students’ language proficiency, and secondly, determines the volume of this material. Self-goal relations, expressed by means of a complex sentence, constitute the core as the most stable part of the functional-semantic field. These relations convey the meaning of the goal — the expression of the desired result as a purposeful action of the subject — in the most general form. In non-target sentences, goal relations are transformed into “purpose” relations, and the subject, represented explicitly or implicitly, is conceived as an indirectly subjective deagent carrier of the attribute. The main means of expressing proper and non-propertarget relations is the union to or its modifications: in order to, in order to, then in order to, in order to, in order to.

dc.subject

value: target relations

value: complex sentence

value: Russian as a foreign language

dc.title

filename: 08+Одинцова.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Koryuk, Ksenia I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Koryuk K. I. The Description of Tyche in Galen’s Treatise “Protrepticus”. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 190–204. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.204

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article discusses the extract from Galen’s treatise “Protrepticus” which contains a description
of the goddess Tyche. In the extract, Galen contrasts Hermes (a male master of the arts)
and Tyche (a capricious and irrational woman). The fragment is considered in the context of
the entire treatise (“Protrepticus” was intended as a polemical statement against the empirical
school and their method) and its purpose (exhortation to the study of arts). G. Kaibel has previously
shown that many details in the description of Tyche coincide with similar descriptions
in the treatise “Tabula Cebetis’’. As a result, the scholar came to the conclusion that Galen and
the author of “Tabula’’ relied on the same source. The fragment from the poem by Pacuvius
provides additional evidence. However, in addition to the similarities in the description, it is
worth considering the differences that appear in Galen’s treatise. For example, Galen replaces
the term μανία (μαινομένη in “Tabula Cebetis’’) with the term ἄνοια, depriving it of medical
connotations. The translators, apparently, did not attach any importance to this replacement,
and therefore we have different translations of the term ἄνοια: folie, mancanza di senno, inanity.
Since the replacement of the term μανία is not commented on in the editions and the
existing translations demonstrate different interpretations, the author of the article provides
an additional commentary, including a comparison of “Protrepticus” with other texts of Galen
and the works of Plato, and also draws attention to the parallel passage from Pacuvius.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Galen

value: Protrepticus

value: Tabula Cebetis

value: Pacuvius

value: Tyche

value: mania

value: anoia


dc.contributor.author

value: Almazova, Nina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Almazova N. A. The Sicyonian Chronicle — a Forged Archaic Inscription? Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 170–176. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.202

dc.description.abstract

value:
Heraclides of Pontus (active ca 360–310 BC) is one of the sources used in Ps.-Plutarch’s De
musica. In his turn, the Pontic philosopher is known to have quoted a list of ancient poets
and musicians and their achievements from an epigraphical document preserved in Sicyon.
Incising such a work in stone would be natural as a dedication to some divinity in a sanctuary,
where it would promote the fame of the historian who composed it. The system of dating used
in the Sicyonian chronicle was based on the records of Hera’s priestesses held in Argos. As far
as we know, this approach was first applied by Hellanicus of Mytilene (ca 480–395 BC). If the
unknown author of the chronicle borrowed his method of dating from Hellanicus, this implies
that the document was created in the late fifth or early fourth century BC. Nevertheless, for
Heraclides this inscription was, on the one hand, anonymous, and on the other, authoritative.
Both these peculiarities lead us to assume that he believed the Sicyonian chronicle to be an
archaic document. Perhaps the author forged it to pass for an ancient inscription, in order to
quote from, and thus give weight to his arguments in discussions on music.

value: Ancient Greek music

value: Heraclides of Pontus

value: Sicyonian chronicle

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Jerez Sánchez, Gonzalo

dc.identifier.citation

value: Jerez Sánchez G. Ὦ μωρῆς παιδίον: schedae ineditae ex ms. Vat. Pal. Gr. 92 (Pars altera). Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 270–292. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.210

dc.description.abstract

value:
This second part concludes the publication of previously unpublished texts, a project initiated
in the preceding issue of this journal, featuring 30 new schedographical texts. Once again, the
objective is to provide new valuable material for the comprehensive study of Byzantine culture
and the teaching and learning practice of Ancient Greek during the East Roman Empire.
Schedography, a distinct form of educational text practiced in the Byzantine Empire from
the 10th century until its end and even beyond (continuing in use until the 19th century),
reached its peak in the 13th century. This unique kind of pedagogical texts has gained scholarly
attention in contemporary academia. However, despite this interest, it remains a complex field
of study due to its unique characteristics. These texts, specifically crafted to be read aloud
in educational settings, pose challenges for modern readers as they markedly deviate from
contemporary silent reading practices. Furthermore, their lack of clear original context,
coupled with their educational intent rather than aesthetic value, complicates the process of
interpretation and understanding. Schedography stands as a literary and educational enigma
that continues to be a focal point of research in the 21st century. Critically edited collections,
such as the one presented in this study (published in two parts), are indispensable for further
rigorous scholarly analysis.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Este estudio ha sido realizado en el marco del proyecto “Manuscritos griegos en España y su contexto
europeo (III): Estudios filológicos y crítico-textuales”, PID2019-105733GB-I00, del Ministerio de Ciencia e
Innovación de España.

dc.language.iso

value: other

dc.subject

value: Schedography

value: teaching of Ancient Greek

value: Byzantine philology

value: Byzantine school

value: ms. Vat. Pal. Gr. 92


dc.contributor.author

value: Słomak, Iwona

dc.identifier.citation

value: Słomak I. The Superhuman Characters in the Prologues of Seneca’s Hercules Furens, Agamemnon, and Thyestes. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 230–245. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.207

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper presents a new hypothesis concerning the prologues of Seneca’s Hercules Furens,
Agamemnon, and Thyestes. It provides an interpretive alternative to the controversies associated
with the current reading tradition, which places superhuman and protatic characters
speaking in the opening acts of these plays on the same level of fictional reality as other heroes,
or subordinates them to figurative construction. According to the proposed hypothesis,
the specific nature of these three scenes may be the result of applying the convention known,
with little variation, from several other dramas in which the ghosts disturb the sleeping. The
argumentation emphasises the paradigmatic nature of these opening scenes, which end with
a formula setting them at the close of the night. It also points to the fact that in the light of the
new assumptions, these prologues — redundant in their expository and anticipatory function
— play an important role in structuring the dramatic action. Moreover, in the context
of the events that follow them, their content can be explained in terms of the dream theory
known from the rationalising philosophical discourses of antiquity. Finally, proposed reading
of these scenes is based on the assumption of continuity between the discursive and poetic
activity of the author.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: prologues of Hercules Furens, Agamemnon, and Thyestes

value: Seneca’s plays


dc.contributor.author

value: Lebedev, Andrei V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lebedev A. V. Whom did Plato Mean in the Parable of ‘Gigantomachia over Being’ (Sophist 246a4 ff.)? Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 154–169. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.201

dc.description.abstract

value:
The mythopoetic parable of ‘Gigantomachia over being’ in Plato’s Sophist 246a4 ff. is neither
a theoretical construction ad hoc of some general trends, nor a reference to a single contemporary
debate, e. g., between Plato’s Academy and atomists in 4th century BC. The controversy
on the nature of being is described as a real battle on epic scale (ἄπλετος μάχη) between two
camps, as a debate about fundamental problem of philosophy, that has always existed (ἀεὶ
συνέστηκεν) and is still going on. In favor of the identification of the two camps primarily
with the Ionian and Italian traditions in the pre-Platonic philosophy speaks the juxtaposition
of the ‘Ionian and Italian Muses’ (Ἰάδες καὶ Σικελικαὶ Μοῦσαι) in the preceding context Soph.
242de. The ‘unreformed giants’ are the Ionian physikoi from Anaximander to Democritus,
while their ‘divine’ adversaries, who reduce being (ousia) to immaterial forms, are the Pythagoreans,
Eleatics and Platonists, as well as Socrates, who dismisses the Ionian περὶ φύσεως
ἱστορία in Plato’s Phaedo and who upholds the theory of ideas in the Republic and Phaedrus.
The ‘improved’ giants of the second generation are metaphysical dualists like Anaxagoras and
Empedocles who admit incorporeal causes like Mind and Love alongside with matter, as well
as Heraclitus, the Ionian Sophists and Antisthenes who combined ontological naturalism
with teaching arete. The general scheme of the development of theories of archai in Aristotle’s
Metaphysics is very similar: from those who recognized only material causes to those who
admitted incorporeal moving cause (Anaxagoras and Empedocles).

dc.subject

value: Plato

value: ‘Gigantomachia over being’

value: Sophist

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Librán Moreno, Míriam

dc.identifier.citation

value: Librán Moreno M. What is a γρυπαίετος (Aesch. Fr. inc. fab. 422 R. )? Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 177–189. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.203

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of the following paper is to identify what kind of mythical creature Aeschylus’
γρυπαίετος (‘griffin–eagle’) that caused such a scandal for ‘Euripides’ in Aristophanes’ Frogs
928–930 (= Aesch. fr. inc. fab. 422 R.) was. The term has usually been interpreted in three ways:
(a) as a poetic form of ‘eagle’; (b) as a poetic form of ‘griffin’; (c) as ‘eagle of the griffin species’.
The testimony of Aristophanes’ Frogs and vase-painting suggests that it may have been an idiosyncratic,
archaic type of griffin, called by modern specialists ‘griffin-bird’ and characterised
by having two legs, not four, and the body of a bird, not a lion. This fantastic creature appeared
quite frequently on Archaic black-figure vases in Athens, but had completely disappeared by
the end of the 6th century BC. As a result, its appearance would be unknown to Aristophanes’
public, making the term γρυπαίετος impossible to make out (Ra. 930). Thus, the following
paper suggests that Aeschylus’ γρυπαίετος (‘griffin-eagle’) is a fabulous composite beast made
up of griffin and eagle parts, as its name suggests: a griffin head (with an open hooked beak,
long pointed ears, a protuberance or horn over the eyes, and a curl or plume falling down one
side of the neck) crowning an eagle body (two-legged, feathered, with wings and talons).

dc.subject

value: Aeschylus

value: Aristophanes

value: griffin

value: γρυπαίετος

value: griffin-eagle


dc.contributor.author

value: Korolenkov, Anton V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Korolenkov A. V. Mithridates’ Letter in Sallust’s Historiae: Roman and Pontic Propaganda. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 216–229. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.206

dc.description.abstract

value:
According to the author of the article, Mithridates VI Eupator’s letter to the Parthian monarch
Arsaces in Sallust’s Historiae does not reproduce the genuine document from the personal
archives of the Pontic king as some researchers believe. The opinion that Sallust criticized
Roman politics under Mithridates’mask is rejected; many scholars consider this letter to be
a condemnation of deep moral decline of the Roman society. On the contrary, the Roman
writer attributes to the Pontic king the weak and vulnerable arguments based on the false facts
(at least from the Roman point of view) to discredit his (and not only his) criticism of Roman
foreign policy. He calls the Romans “strangers without a homeland, without parents”, but it
is naturally that Romans themselves did not think in this way. The author objects to E. Adler,
who believes that most of Sallust’s readers did not know history well enough to mark the distortions
of facts in Mithridates’ letter. There is every reason to believe that Sallust was counting
on an educated public that would be able to appreciate these distortions and their meaning.
The author thinks that Mithridates’ argumentation looks like a parody of the anti-Roman
propaganda and it might have been perceived as such by Sallust’s readers.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The paper was created within the project financed by the Russian Science Foundation:
no. 22-28-01181 “The myth of oriental despotism in European literary tradition (from Antiquity to the Early
Modern period)”, https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-28-01181/.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 18; Issue 2

value: Sallust

value: Historiae

value: Mithridates VI Eupator

value: anti-Roman propaganda


dc.contributor.author

value: Méndez, Israel Campos

dc.identifier.citation

value: Campos Méndez I. Initiatur in spelaeo: A Review of Ancient Terminology for Mithraic Cultic Spaces. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 246–259. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.208

dc.description.abstract

value:
The most common word accepted in Mithraic historiography to refer to places of worship is
“Mithraeum”. The historical sources, however, offer us a multitude of terms that diverge from
this expression which could be evoking different realities and could be referring to other kind of
cultic spaces. In this paper, we have collected all the mentions supported in the epigraphy and
literary sources, to have a complete vision of all these terms. With these testimonies, we have
revised the previous interpretations related to the use of these different names. The variety of
them has little to do with location or period. Still, we propose that this terminological variation
is related to the consideration that ancient Mithra’s followers had with the moment when they
erected the cultic space. It is possible to connect the choice of the word “spelaeum” or “templum”
with the first idea they had of what must be an “original Mithraic cave” if we consider the meaning
of the verbs used by the dedicators in their inscriptions. The validity of this interpretation
will allow for a better understanding of the symbolic universe in which the followers of Mithra
moved, instead of the common acceptance of the modern word “mithraeum”.

value: Mithraism

value: cave

value: Eastern Cults

value: epigraphy

value: Mithraeum

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Jiménez Delgado, José Miguel

dc.identifier.citation

value: Jiménez Delgado J. M. Nonveridicality and the Use of οὐ and μή in Rhetorical Questions in Classical Greek. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 205–215. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.205

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the distribution of the ancient Greek negatives οὐ and
μή in rhetorical questions, particularly in those which are equivalent to an assertive speech
act. Traditionally, their use in this context has been described after the answer that usually
follows the question without any further explanation: οὐ favours a positive answer, while μή
favours a negative one. However, this rule does not always hold true. A theoretical framework
that may explain their distribution is nonveridicality. Nonveridicality is applied to those operators
that do not presuppose their proposition to be true or false. In fact, the use of μή with
the indicative mood in this type of rhetorical question can be explained as characteristic of a
nonveridical operator. Thus, μή is used in confirmative questions to signal that the proposition
goes against the speaker’s expectations without implying its falsity. In turn, οὐ would be the
general negative, so it can appear both in questions with reversed polarity and in confirmative
questions whose proposition conforms to the speaker’s expectations. It must be noted that the
study includes the use of οὐ and μή combined with other particles such as ἆρα, ἦ, or οὖν, since
they exhibit the same properties in those cases.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This study has been finantially supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain within
the research project “Actos de habla e interacción en griego antiguo” (ID: PID2021-122489NB-I00).

dc.subject

value: οὐ

value: μή

value: rhetorical questions

value: indirect speech acts

value: polarity reversal

value: nonveridicality


dc.contributor.author

value: Chernysheva, Vlada A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chernysheva V. A. Modus concessivus, species concessiva and species affirmativa in the Works of Roman Grammarians. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 260–269. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.209

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article aims to analyze the use of the term concessivus/concessiva ‘concessive’ in Latin
grammatical texts which make up Corpus Grammaticorum Latinorum and Digital Library
of late antique Latin texts, and to consider the concessive meaning as a grammatical category.
A number of grammatical sources (Probus, Ars of Diomedes, Victorini sive Palaemoni Ars,
Ars of Cledonius, Explanationes) place the category of concessivity among the verbal categories,
namely modus ‘mood’, while in others this term is not mentioned. The text of Diomedes
is also notable for the fact that concessivity is included in the concept of species, a term that
includes heterogeneous grammatical phenomena among Roman grammarians. At the same
time, the grammarian identifies not one meaning of concession, but two, which are defined
by the terms — species concessiva (describes situations that are undesirable for the speaker
in the present and future) and species affirmativa (describes situations that did not actually
happen). All the three terms in the title of this paper correspond to coniunctivus concessivus
and indicate the same grammatical form — perfect subjunctive, e. g. feceris ‘even if you did’. In
modern linguistics, the meaning of concession is expressed not only by the perfect subjunctive,
but also by the present subjunctive, and, thus, does not have a unique formal expression,
as in ancient linguistics. I suppose that concession in the Latin language falls under the scope
of covert grammatical category, whereas concession, as it was presented in Roman grammars,
can be treated as an overt one.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant, project no. 22–28–
00531 “Grammar of covert categories in Latin and Ancient Greek”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Latin

value: Roman grammarians

value: covert category

value: cryptotype

value: overt category

value: phenotype

value: concession

value: concessive meaning

value: mood


dc.contributor.author

value: Pozdnev, Michael M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pozdnev M. M. The Correggio Code: In Search of the Nepenthes Lady. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 293–320. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.211

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Portrait of a Lady attributed to Correggio (St Petersburg, State Hermitage, inv. no. 5555) was
witnessed as signed with the Latin pseudonym Antonius Laetus. The inscription was still legible
in the 70s, and the analysis of parallels confirms authenticity of the painting while also indicating
the time of its creation — most likely in the winter 1518–1519. The identification of the sitter as
Ginevra Rangoni accepted by the majority should not be disputed. The idea expressed by Riccardo
Finzi more than half a century ago can moreover be supported by new arguments: not only
the scapular and the Franciscan knot, but also the laurel, ivy, myrtle, the general expression of
the widow bride, the full cup of charming wit as a cure for the bitterness of losses, and the reference
to Helen of Troy — all this perfectly fits in with Ginevra’s life circumstances. Contrary to
the authoritative opinion of Claudio Franzoni, the inscription on the cup cannot be reduced to a
single word: besides νηπενθές it includes ἄχολο[ν], explaining the uncommon epithet, a hapax,
and [ἐπίληθον ἁπά]ντων, marking the end of verse Od. 4. 221. Correggio reflected on the feast
scene in Menelaus’ palace, visualized it in his creative imagination, and the viewer should turn to
it to understand the artist’s intention. Its central character, Helen, appears to act very differently
in the two stories told at its end. She sympathizes with the Achaeans, longs for the husband she
left behind, and at the same time wants to destroy the warriors hidden in the belly of the wooden
horse, among them this deserted husband of hers. Abnormal details of the second story aroused
suspicion; it might well have been an interpolation originally belonging to Iliupersis or Little
Iliad. However, to Correggio’s mind the text was, of course, authentic, and he perceived the contradictory
behavior of Helen as truly homeric. Inspired by Homer, he thus created an ethically
ambivalent female image, feasible in its duality.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The present study, carried out within the framework of an RSF (Russian Science Foundation) project
no. 23-28-00142, https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-00142/, St. Petersburg State University.

dc.subject

value: Correggio

value: Portrait of a Lady

value: Homer

value: Renaissance painting

value: Greek pinacograms

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shchegoleva, Ludmila I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shchegoleva L. I. On the History of the Study of Ancient Greek in Russia in the 19th Century: Hesiod’s Poems for Students in Autograph Manuscripts of K. F. Grossheinrich. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 360–379. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.215 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper deals with the Russian classical philologist, teacher and translator of German origin
Karl Friedrich Grossheinrich and with his works on the adaptation of Hesiod’s poems “Theogony”
and “Works and Days” for students. Brief information is given on the methodology of
teaching foreign languages by Grossheinrich and on the method of using adapted texts for
reading ancient Greek epic poetry discovered by him. The Greek text of Hesiod’s poems is analyzed
in detail in Grossheinrich’s autographs from the manuscripts of the Russian State Library
RSL F. 201 no. 30 and RSL F. 201 no. 31. It is established that the manuscripts contain adapted
text intended for students. The methods of text editing with the help of which Attic forms are
substituted for Homeric ones are revealed. The source of the Latin translation of Hesiod’s poems
in Grossheinrich’s autographs is established. The adapted Greek text is compared with the
editions of Hesiod’s poems, and the variae lectiones are analyzed. Information is given about
the entry of Grossheinrich’s manuscripts in the unpublished part of the catalog of A. S. Norov’s
library. The significance of Grossheinrich’s manuscripts is established: It is believed to be a gift
to the Minister of Public Education A. S. Norov — in the light of the controversy around the
need for classical education in Russia in the 19th century. In the Appendices there are: (1) an
excerpt from the “Theogony” according to the manuscript RSL F. 201 no. 30, (2) examples of Grossheinrich’s text editing of Hesiod’s poems, (3) Russian translation of Horace’s ode revised
by Grossheinrich and dedicated by him to A. S. Norov, and (4) the accompanying letter of
K. F. Grossheinrich to A. S. Norov, 1857, April 10, in French, with Russian translation.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: ancient Greek

value: manuscripts

value: Russian State Library

value: education

value: 19th century

value: Hesiod

value: K. F. Grossheinrich

value: A. S. Norov


dc.contributor.author

value: Kisilier, Maxim L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kisilier M. L. Once Again about Archaisms in Modern Greek dialects. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 339–359. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.214

dc.description.abstract

value:
Modern Greek identity is heavily based on the idea of the continuity of Greek culture and
the Greek language. Most specialists in Modern Greek regard Ancient Greek and Modern
Greek as different stages of the same language despite multiple differences and innovations
at all levels. During the 19th century, a number of European classical philologists tried to find
Ancient Greek features in Modern Greek dialects. As a result, they have singled out Tsakonian
as the sole dialect which descends directly from Ancient Doric Laconian but not from
Hellenistic Koiné as the rest of the modern dialects. Nevertheless, it is important to point
out that Tsakonian is not the only Modern Greek variety with some unique peculiarities
inherited from Ancient Greek. This contribution analyzes the phenomena of the Ancient
Greek origin in vocabulary, phonetics, morphology and syntax in Modern Greek dialects.
The research is focused on those archaisms which exist in the dialects but are absent from
Standard Modern Greek. The data was mostly collected by the author of this paper and his
colleagues between 2000 and 2023. The analysis demonstrates that the majority of unique
peculiarities of the Ancient Greek origin are found in Pontic and Tsakonian, although most
varieties of Modern Greek have some archaisms. However, the quantity of archaisms is not
a consistent indicator of the antiquity of the dialect since the history of Modern Greek dialects
is still terra incognita and there is no good explanation why some dialects keep their
archaisms better than the others.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant no. 19-18-00244 “Balkan
bilingualism in dominant and equilibrium contact situation in diatopy, diachrony and diastraty”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: Modern Greek dialects

value: lexical archaisms

value: phonetic archaisms

value: morphological archaisms

value: syntactic archaisms


title: Greek “Lament” by Vyacheslav Ivanov

dc.contributor.author

value: Ermakova, Liia L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ermakova L. L. Greek “Lament” by Vyacheslav Ivanov. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 321–328. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.212 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article publishes a Greek poem composed by the Russian symbolist Vyacheslav Ivanov
in Rome on September 2, 1893. The author’s signature below contains an indication of the genre (“threnos”, i. e. “lament”): the combination of iambic trimeter with the author’s title
“threnos” can be found in the Carmina de se ipso by Gregory Nazianzin. Despite the Greek
meter, language, and vocabulary borrowed partly from epic poetry, Ivanov is oriented toward
the Russian Romantic tradition in choosing as a key theme the longing for the “sweet north”
contrasted with the south, a representation of an earthly paradise. Other Romantic motifs
include exile and envy of free birds. References to ancient mythology are expressed in the
images of the garden of the Hesperides and the country of the Hyperboreans: whereas the
garden of the Hesperides, conceptually linked in Ivanov’s poetry with the South, is an idyllic
space metaphorically referring to Italy, Hyperborea is traditionally associated with Russia. The
white-winged birds aspiring to the Hyperborean home are swans, and thus here appears implicitly
the metapoetic theme developed by Ivanov with the Hyperborean myth in later poems.
The genre and theme of exile point to the influence of Ovid’s Tristia: a year earlier, Ivanov had
written an elegiac epistle to A. M. Dmitrievsky entitled Laeta, in which he recognizes Rome as
his new home, and instead of homesickness, there is a motif of longing for a friend.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The present study is carried out within the framework of an RSF (Russian Science Foundation)
project 23-28-00514, https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-00514/.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 18; Issue 2

value: Vyacheslav Ivanov

value: Romanticism

value: “homesickness” motif

value: neo-Hellenic poetry

dc.title

value: Greek “Lament” by Vyacheslav Ivanov

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Iurina, Ekaterina S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Iurina E. S. The Aristotelian Conception of δύναμις in Arendt’s Understanding of Power. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 329–338. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.213

dc.description.abstract

value:
Hannah Arendt, one of the most significant political and philosophical intellectuals of the 20th
century, frequently brought up the issue of power. In The Human Condition, to distinguish
power from force, strength, and, particularly, violence, she pointed out that the word ‘power’
had been derived from the Aristotelian conception of δύναμις. Since Arendt had written about
power as the capacity to act together in the political realm, her understanding of the term
δύναμις was credited to Aristotle. In order to make the distinction between power and its
extremity, that is, violence, in Arendt’s theory more comprehendible, it is crucial to examine
the Aristotelian conception of the term δύναμις and its original definitions, which are mostly
found in Metaphysics. This paper aims to provide a philosophical analysis of δύναμις in Aristotle
to clarify Arendt’s notion of power as well as her theory of action. In the first part of the
article, the author discusses the word δύναμις which had a variety of meanings in antiquity
including power, potentiality, potency, capacity, possibility, and force. Unlike common meanings,
Aristotle used the word δύναμις in its relation to the term ἐνέργεια, which were usually
translated as ‘potentiality’ and ‘actuality’. Aristotle defined δύναμις as the principle of change,
that is, the power or capacity to act and be affected, which reveals itself when it achieves its
fulfilment, or ἐνέργεια. In the second part, the author demonstrates that Arendt’s concept
of power is based on the Aristotelian δύναμις as the power to act together, which cannot be
stored up and exists only in its actualization. The author concludes by saying that power in the
Aristotelian sense cannot be substituted for violence but instead manifests itself in the ability
to be a political human being.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation no. 23-28-00925, https://
rscf.ru/project/23-28-00925/, “Hannah Arendt and Literature Issues: Poetical Thinking as a Special Way of
Philosophizing”; Russian Christian Academy for Humanities named after Fyodor Dostoevsky.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: power

value: δύναμις

value: Aristotle

value: Hannah Arendt

value: capacity


dc.contributor.author

value: Kostyleva, Tatiana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kostyleva T. V. Sappho Fr. 96,8 Neri: Why the Moon Lost a Syllable. Philologia Classica 2023, 18 (2), 380–383. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2023.216

dc.description.abstract

value:
This piece is a fresh take on the crux philologorum in Sappho fr. 96,8, an extended moon simile,
where Aeolic σελάννα, a commonplace of Sapphic poetry, easily restituted ex coniectura by
W. Schubart in his editio princeps of PBerol. 9722 in 1902, was ousted by an unmetrical, if
poetic, μήνα. The author offers an overview of the past and most recent scholarly effort along
with an attempt (albeit a speculative one) to approach the issue of the irrational ratio corruptelae
from the part of the resonant adjective βροδοδάκτυλος, an altogether uncommon epithet
of the moon, paying close attention to the fact that the intruding word is disyllabic. The dactylic
feel of the weighty adjective βροδοδάκτυλος is deemed at some point to have prevailed in
a scribe’s dictation interne to the result that ἠώς could have landed in the text proper, or could
have found its way there gradually from an intrusive marginal gloss left by a learned scribe
unable to keep the Homeric clausula ῥοδοδάκτυλος ἠώς to himself. At some point another,
no less learned scribe, attentive to the context of the simile, picked up μήνα, not σελήνη, as his
remedy of choice, sticking to the number of syllables in the now resident ἠώς.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Sappho

value: moon simile

value: conjectural criticism


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса прокуратуры Санкт-Петербурга (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: госорганы

value: прокуратура

value: информационный материал

value: оскорбительные высказывания

value: высказывание в неприличной форме

value: высказывания, унижающие честь  и достоинство

dc.title

value: Other


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

dc.subject

value: МВД России

value: информационный материал

value: признаки возбуждения розни (вражды, ненависти)

value: признаки унижения человеческого достоинства по признаку пола


dc.description

value: информационный материал

value: признаки оправдания деяний

value: угрозы совершения действий

value: взрывы, поджоги

dc.title

value: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)


dc.contributor.author

value: Abakumov, Evgeny

value: Beresten, Stanislav

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abakumov, E.; Beresten, S. Green Campus as a Part of Environmental Management of St. Petersburg State University. Sustainability 2023, 15, 12515. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612515

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is devoted to the study of summit and diversity of the environmental impact of St. Petersburg State University as a subject of environmental management and the characteristics of the formation of a “green” image in the digital environment. The goals of this study were to study the current condition of the application of the green campus concept at St. Petersburg State University and other Russian and foreign universities; to prepare proposals for further developmental concepts at St. Petersburg State University; to identify the theoretical aspects and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the “green” image of the University; to elaborate on practical recommendations for improving the “green” image of St. Petersburg State University. It was revealed that St. Petersburg State University is developing some elements of the green campus concept on its territory and could compete with other Russian and foreign universities in the level of implementation of environmental initiatives. At the same time, during the analysis of its strengths and weaknesses it was found that the “green” image of St. Petersburg State University is not highly developed. The results of the work indicate the most effective methods of forming a “green” image of the university and create a system of indicators based on the questionnaire of the rating “University of Indonesia (UI) Green Metric World University Ranking”.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was funded by Saint Petersburg State University, project ID: 101662710 (CZ_MDF-2023-1).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: MDPI

dc.subject

value: green campus

value: environmental management

value: green image

value: sustainable development

dc.type

value: Article


title: Экспертное заключение по материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: госорганы

value: информационный материал

value: оскорбление религиозных чувств верующих

value: Отрицательное отношение к христиантсву

dc.title

value: Other


title: Экспертное заключение по договору об оказании консультационных услуг от 25.05.2023 № (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

dc.subject

value: договор

value: нотариальная палата

value: долевая собственность

value: несоразмерное ограничение прав


dc.description

value: МВД России

value: информационный материал

value: признаки публичных действий

value: оскорбление религиозных чувств верующих

dc.title

value: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)


dc.contributor.author

value: Chebykina, Ekaterina

value: Abakumov E., Evgeny

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chebykina E., Abakumov E. Estimation of heavy metals content and regularities of its migration within a soil profile during pyrogenic soil formation in the context of the Scotch pine forest in Togljatty city // FOLIA OECOLOGICA, vol. 50, no. 2 (2023), doi: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0014

dc.description.abstract

value:
Forest fires are among the most significant disturbances on a global scale. Affecting biodiversity and biogeochemical
cycles, forest fires play an important role in atmospheric chemical processes and the global
carbon cycle. Using the example of the pyrogenic landscapes of the Samara region, this article reviews
changes in the accumulation regularity of heavy metal content and its migration within a soil profile during
pyrogenic soil formation. In the case of surface forest fires, the studied postpyrogenic soils are characterized
by increased cadmium, nickel and zinc content in the Opyr pyrogenic horizon. In contrast, the content
of all analyzed heavy metals decreases compared to the control for crown forest fires, indicating active
element emissions into the atmosphere.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was supported by the Grant of the President
of the Russian Federation for young PhDs No. MK-
4596.2022.1.4.
This work is dedicated to the 300th anniversary of
Saint Petersburg State University.

dc.publisher

value: FOLIA OECOLOGICA

dc.subject

value: contamination index

value: demutation changes

value: heavy metal

value: postfire succession

value: postpyrogenic soil

value: total soil

value: Zc


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ  по информационным материалам запроса прокуратуры Санкт-Петербурга

dc.description

value: Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства

dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: госорганы

value: Прокуратура

value: информационные материалы

value: унижение чести и достоинства

value: высказывания, выраженные в непрличной или иной противоречащей общепринятым нормам морали и нравственности форме

dc.type

value: Other


dc.subject

value: МВД России

value: информационный материал

value: признаки оправдания

value: высказывания, в которых негативно оценивается человек или группа по признакам пла, расы, национальности, отношения к религии

value: признак социальной, национальной, расовой, религиозной, языковой принадлежности

value: религиозный текст

value: религиозные высказывания

value: признаки превосходства

value: признаки унижения (оскорбления)

dc.title

value: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)


dc.subject

value: прокуратура

value: информационный материал

value: информация, выраженная в неприличной форме

value: оскорбление общественной нравственности

value: оскорбление человеческого достоинства

value: неуважение к обществу, государству, Президенту РФ

value: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса прокуратуры Санкт-Петербурга (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)


title: Экспертное заключение по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинрадской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

value: ГУ МВД

value: информационные материалы

value: дни воинской славы

value: символы воинской славы

value: Международный военный трибунал

value: Великая Отечественная война


value: неуважение к обществу

value: оскорбление чувств верующих

dc.title

value: Экспертное заключение по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинрадской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)


dc.description

value: Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства

dc.subject

value: информационный материал

value: оскорбление в неприличной форме

value: унижение чести и достоинства

value: фразы, противоречащие общепринятым нормам морали и нравственности


title: Assignment of the somatic A/B compartments to chromatin domains in giant transcriptionally active lampbrush chromosomes

dc.contributor.author

value: Krasikova, Alla

value: Kulikova, Tatiana

value: Rodriguez Ramos, Juan Sebastian

value: Maslova, Antonina

dc.description.abstract

value: The three-dimensional configuration of the eukaryotic genome is an emerging area of research. Chromosome conformation capture outlined genome segregation into large scale A and B compartments corresponding mainly to transcriptionally active and repressive chromatin. It remains unknown how the compartmentalization of the genome changes in growing oocytes of animals with hypertranscriptional type of oogenesis. Such oocytes are characterized by highly elongated chromosomes, called lampbrush chromosomes, which acquire a typical chromomere-loop appearance, representing one of the classical model systems for exploring the structural and functional organization of chromatin domains.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Abakumov, Evgeny

value: Polyakov, Vyacheslav

value: Nizamutdinov, Timur

value: Petrov, Alexey

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abakumov, E.; Petrov, A.; Polyakov, V.; Nizamutdinov, T. Soil Organic Matter in Urban Areas of the Russian Arctic: A Review. Atmosphere 2023, 14, 997. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060997

dc.description.abstract

value: Polar ecosystems are the most important storage and source of climatically active gases. Currently, natural biogeochemical processes of organic matter circulation in the soil-atmosphere system are disturbed in urban ecosystems of the cryolithozone. Urbanized ecosystems in the Arctic are extremely under-investigated in terms of their functions in regulating the cycle of climatically active gases. The role of urban soils and soil-like bodies in the sequestration and stabilization of organic matter is of particular interest. The percentage of gravimetric concentrations of organic matter in Arctic urban soils are almost always determined by the method of dichromate oxidation and are subject to extreme variability (from tenths of a percent to more than 90% in man-made soil formations), but the average carbon content in the surface soil horizons can be estimated at 5–7%. The surface humus-accumulative horizons are represented by a variety of morphological forms with the content of organic matter of various origins. The work also focuses on those forms of organic matter, the content of which is extremely small, but very important for the biogeochemical functioning of soils-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and components of petroleum products, as well as labile forms of soil organic matter. We recommend that further studies of the organic matter system be conducted in urbanized areas since the carbon cycle there is severely disrupted, as well as carbon flows. The urbanization and industrialization processes in the Arctic are progressing, which could lead to a radical transformation of carbon ecosystem services.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was funded by Saint Petersburg State University, project ID: 101662710 (CZ_MDF-2023-1).

dc.publisher

value: Atmosphere

dc.subject

value: urbanization

value: urban soils

value: permafrost-affected soils

dc.title

filename: atmosphere-14-00997 (1).pdf

description: Article


dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: госорганы

value: ГУ МВД

value: информационные материалы

value: Международный военный трибунал

value: ложные сведения

value: Вторая мировая война

value: Экспертное заключение по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинрадской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

dc.type

value: Other


title: Роль микробиома постпирогенных почв в предоставлении лесами экосистемных услуг

dc.contributor.author

value: Чебыкина, Екатерина Юрьевна

value: Абакумов, Евгений Васильевич

dc.description.abstract

value: Пожары оказывают сильное влияние на почвенный микробиом, при этом механизмы восстановления почвы после пожаров в настоящее время недостаточно изучены. В данном исследовании дана характеристика микробных сообществ в серогумусовых почвах сосновых лесов после верхового и низового пожаров. Как верховой, так и низовой пожары привели к изменению разнообразия в таксономическом составе почвенного микробиома. Уменьшение микробного разнообразия почв вследствие лесных пожаров отрицательно влияет на предоставление почвами таких услуг, как регулирование климата, плодородия почвы и производство продовольствия и волокна наземными экосистемами.

dc.subject

value: микробиом

value: постпирогенные почвы

value: лес

value: экосистема

dc.title

value: Thesis


dc.subject

value: МВД России

value: информационный материал

value: признаки унижения (оскорбления)к событиям, датам, символам

value: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)


dc.contributor.author

value: Khondzinskii, Pavel V. (archpriest)

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khondzinskii P. V. “It would be a good idea to carry out a research project called ‘Theologians’ ships’…”. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 314–341. http://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.209 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
A conversation with a historian of Russian theology of the Modern era touches
upon the continuity of some key ideas that are characteristic of the Diaspora Theology
of the 20th century in relation to the ideas whose origins are found in Russian
spiritual and academic theology of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Contrary to the
well-established opinion that Russian post-revolutionary emigration theology was
a new, breakthrough phase in theological development, the author shows that such
concepts as Trinitarian ecclesiology, personalism, theosis, kenotic theology (characteristic
of this theology) in fact arise and form among Russian authors from the end
of 1880-s until the turning point in 1917. The following specific questions are also
raised during the conversation: the emergence of the Russian theological school,
contemporary anthropology in its connection with the anthropology of St. Augustine;
receptions of the Areopagite Corpus in pre-revolutionary Russia; the influence
of Western theology, in particular French mysticism of the 17th century, as well as
the influence of the latest philosophy and psychology for that time on representatives
of the Russian spiritual and academic tradition. The author connects the
peculiarities of Russian pre-revolutionary theology with the fact that among the
Orthodox Churches, it is the Russian Church that is the first to find itself in the situation
of the new time with its secularization, non-religious humanism and specific
philosophical language. The status of Russian lay theologians (first of all, professors
of theological schools, who belonged together with the teachers-priests to the same
spiritual-academic corporation) is also discussed. The conversation can be considered
as a multifaceted look at the history of Russian Orthodox theology in recent
centuries, where there are still gaps identified by the author.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 5; Issue 2

value: history of Russian Orthodox theology

value: spiritual and academic theology of the 19th century

value: diaspora theology of the 20th century

value: lay theologians

value: Trinitarian ecclesiology

value: personalism

value: theosis

value: kenotic theology

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lushnikov, Dimitri Yu. (priest)

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lushnikov D. Yu. Natural theology in the legacy of St. Innocent (Borisov). Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 263–286. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to analyzing St. Innocent Borisov’s natural theology heritage
— the teachings on the proofs for the existence of God and on divine attributes,
which are presented, respectively, in his fundamental and dogmatic theologies. The
analysis is preceded by a brief history of the formation of Russian fundamental theology,
within which two main directions of its development have been revealed for
the first time: as natural theology at the Moscow Theological Academy and as general
theology at the St. Petersburg and Kiev Theological Academies. The problems
of localizing the doctrine on divine attributes in the structure of Russian theology
are highlighted. In addition to a detailed presentation of the content of the above
mentioned St. Innocent’s doctrines, their characteristics are given, the advantages
and disadvantages of the scholar’s natural theology are revealed, and the degree of the impact of Western theological systems on his natural theology is determined.
On the whole, St. Innocent’s rational theology heritage is characterized as one of the
first domestic experiences of independent research work in this area of theological
knowledge. It is concluded that St. Innocent Borisov may rightfully be considered
one of the founders of the new academic theology of the Synodal period, who laid
solid foundations for the further formation and development of identical Russian
theology as such.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: St. Innocent Borisov

value: fundamental theology

value: general theology

value: theological sciences

value: introduction to the circle of theological sciences

value: natural theology

value: proofs for the existence of God

value: divine attributes


dc.contributor.author

value: Nogovitsin, Oleg N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nogovitsin O. N. Severus of Antioch’s idea of transforming the theological language from Triadology to Christology and its critique in Leontius of Byzantium’s treatise “Refutation of syllogisms of Severus”. Part three. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 199–220. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The given study is the third part of the article, which scrutinizes the idea of Severus
of Antioch concerning which way, in the event of Christ’s incarnation, the meanings
of the concepts of essence, nature, hypostasis, and person, which are the most
important for representation of the theological sense of this event, are mystically
transformed. Along with that, the polemics between the Chalcedonites and Severian
Monophysites deployed on this idea, which is immediately represented in
the third chapter of Leontius’ of Byzantium treatise “Refutation of syllogisms of
Severus”, is taken into consideration. By its content, this chapter is split into two
parts, each consisting of an argument of a Severian adversary of the Chalcedonite
confession and a detailed refutation of this argument proposed by Leontius. While
the content of the first half of the text is focused on the philosophical analysis of
the problem of methodological adequacy of the very formulation of Severus’ idea
both from the viewpoint of external philosophical wisdom and of theology. In the
final, third part of the study, a detailed interpretation of the second part of the third
chapter of Leontius’ treatise is proposed, where the argumentation of the Severians
and Chalcedonites intended to solve the problem of the grammatical, philosophical
and theological status of exegesis of Saint Fathers’ ambiguous expressions is represented
together with the formulation of the method which would allow to exclude
the homonymy present in these expressions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The present research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project
no. 21-011-44263 “Formation of the concept of ‘theology’ as a science and its conceptual
apparatus in the Byzantine Christian theological thought of the late 5th — early 8th centuries in
the context of scientific and philosophical knowledge of late antiquity”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 5; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Severus of Antioch

value: Leontius of Byzantium

value: Monophysitism

value: Chalcedonism

value: Christology

value: Triadology

value: definition

value: grammatical interpretation

value: natures and names


title: Notes on Job 3

dc.contributor.author

value: Russell, James R.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Russell J. R. Notes on Job 3. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 170–198. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.201

dc.description.abstract

value:
In a reading of Job’s opening complaint in the third chapter of the Biblical book that
avoids unnecessary emendation of the Hebrew text, it is suggested that the author attributes
to Job the fatalistic belief that days are ordained to be good or evil and supernatural
beings preside over such divisions of time. Accordingly, Job asserts that the
sea monster Leviathan is destined to rise at the apocalyptic end of days and there are
sorcerers whose spells are to raise him from the deeps. Along the same lines, the text
introduces the striking image of edifices doomed even before their erection to become
ruins. It is argued further that Job should be read as a satirical encounter with the Psalter
in particular and with other, earlier texts of Scripture. Job is an eloquent, even witty
tragic hero; his three friends, with their timid, conventional morality, resemble a Greek
chorus: with introductions that look very like stage directions for characters, the book
of Job displays a dramatic character, and can be compared in that respect to the classical
Athenian theater. Passages from the pre-Socratic philosopher Heraclitus of Ephesus are
also cited in the discussion. At several points, lyrics of English and American Romantic
poets are adduced that resonate with the imagination of the author of the oration.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Job

value: fate

value: Psalms

value: theater

value: satire

value: Leviathan

value: ruins

value: Heraclitus of Ephesus

value: Bundahišn

dc.title

value: Notes on Job 3

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Druzhinin, Andrei V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Druzhinin A. V. Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov) and the training of pastors in the Russian ecclesiastical school in the first half of the 19th century. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 244–262. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The main focus of study is aimed at the development of institutional forms in 19th
century Russian Empire. This period is the era of emperors Alexander I, Nicholas I and partly Alexander II — the time of rapid state, church and public institutions
development. During this period clergy was becoming the subject of government
regulation. The body of clergy itself is acquiring corporate features, and the number
of clergies who have passed through educational institutions is growing. Theology
is faced with a question that is still relevant to this day — how much the practice of
preparing the clergy can correlate with the theological understanding of the priesthood?
One of the solutions can be seen in activities and works of St. Philaret (Drozdov).
Since the role of St. Filaret in this activity has not fully determined, therefore,
the purpose of study is to clarify the role and results of St. Filaret’s educational activities,
based on the analysis of the most complete corpus of sources. For this, an
interdisciplinary approach i. e. combination of general scientific, special historical
and theological methods was applied. The study allows us to establish: activities of
St. Philaret in the context of preparation and comprehension of the pastor had a
multi-vector complex character. Its results allow us to speak about the understanding
by contemporaries of the problem of priesthood training and attempts to solve
it, which, however, were not crowned with success. The experience of predecessors
is certainly relevant today in the context of constant educational paradigms’ refinement.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project
no. 21-011-44119.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 5; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: history of Russian Church

value: Russian ecclesiastical schools

value: pastoral training

value: pastoral theology

value: Saint Philaret Drozdov

value: church-state relations

value: spiritual and educational charter


dc.contributor.author

value: Tarnakin, Nikolai A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tarnakin N. A. Teaching and professors of canon law in the first years of the existence of the Leningrad Theological Academy: On the question of succession. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 287–301. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the continuity of the educational and scientific model of prerevolutionary
academies and seminaries in the Leningrad Theological Academy in relation to the teaching of canon (ecclesiastic) law. Leonid Grinchenko, Archpriest
John Kozlov and Pavel Ignatov taught canon law at the Leningrad Theological Academy
in 1946–1966. The article examines the details of biographies and the lecture
courses of Grinchenko and Ignatov found in the library of St. Petersburg Theological
Academy. We conclude that Grinchenko and Ignatov were experts in the field of
canon law; Archpriest John Kozlov was a “random” person in this chair. The lecture
courses of Grinchenko and Ignatov seriously differed in their approach: former is
interested in the Roman and Protestant Churches, course latter’s is close in content
and structure to pre-revolutionary and modern ones. Continuity in the teaching of
canon law at the Leningrad Theological Academy can be characterized as nonlinear.
We think that the subject of a separate study will be the study of the question of how
the texts of the lectures of Leonid Grinchenko and Pavel Ignatov reflected their very
different educations and scientific schools.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: canon law

value: ecclesiastic law

value: Leningrad Theological Academy

value: Leonid Grinchenko

value: Paul Ignatov

value: succession in education

value: lecture courses

value: relationship between Church and state


dc.contributor.author

value: Lagunov, Aleksey A.

value: Smirnov, Andrey Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lagunov A. A., Smirnov A. Yu. Spiritual principles of creativity: Personalistic aspect. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 233–243. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article attempts to interpret the concept of the spiritual through the use of personalistic
methodological approach. Spiritual phenomena are considered in this
case in comparison with the concept of creativity. It is argued that in the context of
the Christian worldview, there is a clear connection between creativity and spiritual
phenomena. Spirituality, being an a priori quality of any personality, can be understood
both as a source, and as a mover, and as a result of its creative activity. The
ideas about “positive” spirituality (correlated with the synergy of God and man),
and about “negative” spirituality (correlating with “the arbitrariness” of godless personalities),
the opposite nature of which is manifested in the difference between the
products of human creative activity, are analyzed. Attention is focused on the fact
that today spiritual and moral issues are often realized by us either poorly or not at
all, which is caused by the blurring of the concept of the spiritual and the oblivion
of the simplest truth, according to which morality, in order to avoid relativization,
must have a solid religious philosophical foundation. The authors come to the conclusion
that modern people’s unawareness of their own cognitive limitations, multiplied
by diligently cultivated immoderate pride, does not allow them to adequately
compare their total intelligence and spiritual and creative potential with the extensive
spiritual experience of the most worthy representatives of the past, therefore,
today it becomes necessary to renew Christian apologetics and widespread religious
education.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 5; Issue 2

value: spirituality

value: morality

value: creativity

value: personality

value: personalism

value: synergy

value: palamism

value: anthropodicy

value: secularization

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Malnov, Pavel Yu. (priest)

dc.identifier.citation

value: Malnov P. Yu. Death and the idea of individualization in Athenagoras of Athens as a refutation of the modern understanding of death as the death of personality. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 221–232. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is about the critical analysis of the modern understanding of the “death of
personality”. The point of view of the early Christian teacher of the Eastern Church
Athenagoras of Athens is taken as the basis of this consideration. His heritage “On
the Resurrection of the Dead” tells us that man is an immortal being. The author
introduces a certain terminology to describe the process of immortality to human
nature. According to Athenagoras, death is an ordinary process, like a comparison
with sleep. Death is not the final stage of human life, rather it is a phase of change
from corruption to incorruption. To provide evidence, Athenagoras discusses the
judgment of God, where each person personally needs to answer for the actions
committed during lifetime. There is no precise definition of personality in the author’s
work, but his arguments about the immortal soul and the resurrection of
the human body as an integral part of the human hypostasis allow us to imagine a
person as a hypostasis, which means a personal creation of God. The meaning of
all described is the contemplation of God. In total, the hypostasis is a person who is
not subject to death.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: God

value: Athenagoras of Athens

value: man

value: death

value: corruption

value: incorruption

value: resurrection

value: immortality

value: change


title: Editorial

dc.identifier.citation

value: Editorial. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 168–169.

dc.description.abstract

value: Editorial

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 5; Issue 2


dc.contributor.author

value: Ochkanov, Alexy (hierodeacon)

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ochkanov S. A. The visit of the Anglican theologian William Palmer to Russia and theological conversations with Russian church leaders in 1840–1841. Issues of Theology, 2023, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 302–313. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2023.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to one of the pages in the history of relations between the
Russian Orthodox and Anglican Churches — the first visit of archdeacon William
Palmer to Russia. The Anglican theologian, an associate of the Oxford movement,
arrived in Russia in order to prove the correctness of the “theory of branches” proposed
by the Oxford theologians and, as a consequence, to enter into Eucharistic
communion with the Orthodox believers. Palmer had conversations on this issue
with the chief Prosecutor of the Synod N. A. Protasov, Archimandrite Athanasius
(Drozdov), Archpriest V. Kutnevich, Metropolitan Philaret of Moscow, and other
representatives of the Russian clergy. As a result of meetings and conversations,
the Anglican archdeacon was denied intercommunion, but the Russian Church authorities
were sympathetic to the idea of rapprochement between the Anglican and
Russian Orthodox Churches and agreed to continue the dialogue on this issue. The
article analyzes the purpose, content and outcome of W. Palmer’s visit to Russia, as
well as the reasons why the Anglican theologian was not accepted into Eucharistic
communion. The article highlights the personal contribution of the Archdeacon Palmer to strengthening of the the relationship between representatives of the two
Churches, as well as his role in increasing interest for Anglicanism on the part of the
Russian clergy and the church community.

dc.subject

value: faith

value: Anglicanism

value: clergy

value: theologian

value: theory of branches

value: dogma

value: transubstantiation

value: Orthodoxy

value: the Oxford movement

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kropachev, Nikolay M.

value: Arkhipov, Vladislav V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kropachev, Nikolay M., Vladislav V. Arkhipov. 2023. “Traditional spiritual and moral values in the context of digital transformation of society: Aspects of legal theory”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 294–306. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Among the main directions of the legal policy of the state can be noted, on the one hand,
the support of traditional spiritual and moral values, and on the other — the digital
transformation of society. Traditional values are a condition for state sovereignty of the
Russian Federation in the information space, and their protection and defense are a
guarantee of information security of the Russian Federation. From the point of view of
the communicative theory of law, traditional values should be considered in the process
of legal communication, which involves the perception (interpretation) of message (text)
that includes inter alia the emotional-value aspect. As values, the traditional values are a
necessary condition for functioning of legal system. From the formal legal point of view,
when the concepts of traditional spiritual and moral values are included in legal texts, what
is implied is the possibility of referring to them in “complicated cases” of legal interpretation
and developing models of legal argumentation. From the perspective of analytical
jurisprudence, traditional spiritual and moral values can act as a legally significant criterion
for determining the meaning of a word in a legal text in a “situation of penumbra” — in
what aspect a particular disputed object of legal relations has a value nature, and in what
it is expressed. Traditional spiritual and moral values set the boundaries for the choice
of legal decisions related to the digital transformation of society. For example, the wellknown
notion that it is impossible to make legally significant decisions using artificial
intelligence systems with the complete exclusion of a person from such a decision-making
system would seem to contradict traditional spiritual and moral values, which center on
the person in its moral dimension. This approach could be extended to other pervasive
digital technologies as well.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: values

value: traditional values

value: digital transformation of society

value: theory of law

value: philosophy of law


dc.contributor.author

value: Dmitrikova, Ekaterina A.

value: Lavrikova, Marina Yu.

value: Soloviev, Alexandr A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kropachev, Nikolay M., Ekaterina A. Dmitrikova, Marina Yu. Lavrikova, Alexandr A. Soloviev. 2023. “Risk-oriented approach in state control (supervision) in the field of education”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 307–317. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the changes in legal regulation and the implementation of state control
(supervision) in the field of education, associated with the transition to the use of a riskoriented
approach. Based on the fact that control and supervision activities are carried out,
among other things, through the prevention of violations, the authors believe that assessment
of factors and conditions that create a risk of violations of mandatory requirements should be
carried out within preventive measures too. The Law on Education integrates accreditation
monitoring into the system of state control (supervision) in the field of education. Based on
this feature of the state regulation of educational activities, the authors note the potential for
application of a risk-oriented approach in the field of education and come to the conclusion
that not only the content of the mandatory requirement should be aimed at eliminating the
risk of harm to legally protected values, but the risk-oriented approach should also be used
in identification of monitoring indicators and requirements addressed to educational organizations
in order to ensure monitoring of the education system. As an separate problem the
authors indicate the proportionality of measures applied to controlled persons on the basis of
the risks of harm to protected values in the field of education. The article also draws attention
to the fact that the content of the mandatory requirement should be aimed at eliminating the
risk of harm to legally protected values. In this regard the importance of an expert assessment
of mandatory requirements in the field of education is noted.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: risk-oriented approach

value: control

value: control and supervisory activities

value: prevention of violations

value: education

value: requirements in the field of education


dc.contributor.author

value: Golovina, Svetlana Yu.

value: Tomashevski, Kirill L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golovina, Svetlana Yu., Kirill L. Tomashevski. 2023. “Axiological ground of labor law (experience of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation)”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 337–355. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article attempts a comprehensive analysis of the axiological principles of labor law,
based on the legislative experience and law enforcement practice of the Republic of Belarus
and the Russian Federation. In the introduction, the authors define the concept of the axiology
of labor law as part of the philosophy of labor law. The scientific discussion about the ideas, goals and values of labor law, existing as in the Western science of labor law, is demonstrated.
The following parts of the article explore the key values and principles of labor law
with value content, which are most important for the branch of labor law. Special attention
is paid in the article to the principles of freedom of labor and freedom of the labor contract,
the prohibition of forced labor. The problem of “golden parachutes”, which is relevant for
modern Russia, is touched upon, which contradicts the idea of social justice. The norms of
the labor legislation of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation are compared
with international labor standards formed within the framework of the International Labor
Organization. Concrete proposals are made to improve the labor legislation of the Republic
of Belarus and the Russian Federation in the direction of ensuring the above-mentioned
legal principles with evaluative content, as well as to achieve the goal of ensuring the quality
of working life of employees and other categories of workers, including employees engaged
under fixed-term employment contracts (contracts) and various categories of self-employed
persons. In conclusion, ideas on further harmonization of the legislation of the Republic of
Belarus and the Russian Federation, with other member states of the Eurasian Economic
Union are formulated.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: axiology

value: labor law

value: values

value: freedom of labor

value: freedom of labor contract

value: prohibition of forced labor

value: employees

value: employers

dc.title

value: Article


title: Implicit administrative acts. Part one

dc.contributor.author

value: Andreev, Denis S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Andreev, Denis S. 2023. “Implicit administrative acts. Part one”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 318–336. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Based on the comparative legal method, the article analyzes the use of the construction of
implicit (fictitious) decisions in Russian and several European legal orders, when the inaction
of the public administration is equated with the adoption of an administrative act. In the first
part of article the author provides a brief overview of the evolution of the legal regulation of
the silence of public administration in France, the Netherlands and Germany, and considers
the influence of the Directive 2006/123/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of
December 12, 2006 on services in the internal market (Services Directive) on the development
of the institution of implicit decisions in the EU countries. The paper analyses the conceptual
basis and the main arguments pro et contra of two models of implicit administrative acts — a
negative decision (based on the principle of “silence is a sign of refusal”) and a positive decision
(based on the principle of “silence is a sign of consent”). Despite political slogans and formal
proclamation in legislation, in fact, a mixed model is implemented in European national
legal systems, combining both principles. The functional meaning of implicit administrative
acts has undergone a significant evolution. The initial purpose of this construction was to
provide the possibility of appealing against the inaction of public authorities in those legal
acts that allowed judicial review only of administrative acts. In the future, the construction of
implicit administrative acts began to be used as a tool for increasing the efficiency of public
administration, simplifying and speeding up administrative procedures, and stimulating economic
activity.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: administrative silence

value: administrative inaction

value: public administration

value: implicit decision

value: fictitious decision

value: administrative act

value: administrative decision

value: silent refusal

value: silent consent

value: Implicit administrative acts. Part one


dc.contributor.author

value: Kirillova, Yana M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kirillova, Yana M. 2023. “Exemption from criminal liability with the appointment of a court fine: The analysis of judicial practice”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 371–388. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The refusal of criminal prosecution with the imposition of a court fine is a new way of resolving
a criminal-legal conflict for the domestic science of criminal law and criminal legislation. The uniqueness of this ground is that this is the only “conditional” exemption from criminal
liability in the system of general grounds: in case of non-payment of a court fine within the
time limit set by the court, the court fine is canceled, and the person is brought to criminal
responsibility under the corresponding article of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of
the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the judicial practice of applying Art. 76.2 of the
Criminal Code of the Russian Federation for 2017–2021, judicial statistics, monographs and
dissertations devoted to the institute of exemption from criminal liability, as well as scientific
articles and dissertations related to the subject of this study. As a result of the research,
the author identified two main problems of applying Art. 76.2 of the Criminal Code of the
Russian Federation: competition between Art. 76 and Art. 76.2 of the Criminal Code of the
Russian Federation and the choice of judges in favor of Art. 76.2 in cases where there are
signs of reconciliation with the victim; the problem of compensation for damage (making
amends for harm). The article suggests mechanisms for solving problems: a theoretical model
of Art. 76.2 is proposed.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

value: exemption from criminal liability

value: transaction

value: mediation

value: court fine

value: criminal law

value: restorative justice


dc.contributor.author

value: Ryzhkov, Konstantin S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ryzhkov, Konstantin S. 2023. “The civil process: Forms of thinking in the framework of the issuance of judicial acts”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 356–370. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the problems associated with the logical content of judicial acts in civil
and arbitration proceedings. In this case, the problems of application of such forms of thinking as concept, judgment and inference within the framework of the content of judicial acts
are considered in the most detail. Special attention is paid to the use of evaluative concepts by
courts, as well as to their formulation of syllogisms as a special form of inference. The purpose
of the study is to establish the specifics of the application of the main forms of thinking when
passing judicial acts in civil law proceedings. To achieve this goal, the author has set the task
of analyzing each of the forms of thinking from the point of view of procedural legislation and
legal technique in terms of formulating the texts of judicial acts. Also, the author has set the
task of classifying approaches to the use of syllogisms by courts in the framework of decisions
in the case. In the present study, methods such as the logical method, as well as the systemstructural,
hermeneutic and formal legal methods were applied. The application of the above
methods made it possible to fully achieve the goals and objectives of the study, formulate
scientifically grounded conclusions. The author, based on the results of the study, revealed the
peculiarities of the formulation and application of concepts, judgments and conclusions in the
text of judicial acts issued in the course of civil and arbitration proceedings. The mechanisms
of establishment by the court of the content and scope of concepts that are not enshrined in
law, as well as evaluative concepts, have been identified. In addition, the author has classified
the approaches to the use of syllogisms by courts in the framework of decisions in the case.
The author also proposed changes in terms of improving the norms of the current procedural
legislation aimed at specifying the requirements for judicial decisions.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: court

value: judicial act

value: court decision

value: validity

value: motivation

value: judicial discretion

value: syllogism

dc.type

value: Article


title: Restrictive covenants in agreements between entrepreneurs and their employees under the law of foreign countries. Part one: United Kingdom and United  States of America

dc.contributor.author

value: Chukreyev, Andrey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chukreyev, Andrey A. 2023. “Restrictive covenants in agreements between entrepre neurs and their employees under the law of foreign countries. Part one: United Kingdom and United  States of America”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 423–440.  https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.209 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This review article is devoted to restrictive covenants, which are widely used in contracts be tween entrepreneurs and their employees in many countries. In Russia, these covenants are not
supported by the courts. It is believed that such restrictions are contrary to the constitutional
and other norms of Russian law. The purpose of this study is to analyze the foundations of legal
regulation in a number of countries of such restrictive covenants as non-competition agree ments, non-solicitation agreements, non-dealing agreements and non-disclosure agreements.
This analysis is necessary for a reasonable answer to the question of the advisability of recogniz ing in Russia the legality of such agreements. The first part of this article provides an overview
of the law on non-competition and other similar covenants of the United Kingdom and the
United States, in the second part — Germany, France, Japan, China and the Eurasian Economic
Union (EAEU). Due to the particularly widespread distribution of such covenants in the United
States, the analysis of the foundations of their legal regulation in this country is central to the
present study. In jurisdictions where non-competition agreements and other similar restrictive
covenants are not prohibited, the “rule of reason” acts as a legal mechanism for balancing the
competing interests of employers, employees and public interests. This rule allows the courts in
each specific dispute to assess the specified conditions for their compliance with the protected business interest of the employer and other criteria. The conclusion is made about the advisabil ity of legalizing agreements on non-competition, non-engagement and non-entrepreneurship in
Russia, taking into account the positive foreign experience of legal regulation in this area. In this
regard, it will be necessary to legislate in Russian law an analogue of the rule of reason.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,
project no. 19-111-50732.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: restrictive covenant

value: non-competition agreements

value: non-solicitation agreements

value: non-dealing agreements

value: non-disclosure agreements

value: freedom of contract

value: freedom of labor

value: trade secrets

value: confidential information


dc.contributor.author

value: Sarsembayev, Marat A.

value: Sarsenova, Sania N.

value: Karazhan, Bekmyrza S.

value: Sarsembayev, Daniyar M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sarsembayev, Marat A., Sania N. Sarsenova, Bekmyrza S.Karazhan, Daniyar M. Sarsembayev. 2023. “National-legal and international-legal solutions to the problems of digitalization of  transport engineering plants of Kazakhstan”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 457–473.  https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.211 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article reveals one of the facets of a big topical topic formulated in the form of a radi cal transition of digitalization of transport engineering in Kazakhstan, to electric mobility,
autopilot of its products, which should be disclosed through national and international legal
decisions. This approach is expedient, because thanks to it, Kazakhstan’s transport engineer ing receives accelerated development. The purpose of this article is to conduct a systematic
analysis of national and international legal problems of the transformation of today’s transport
engineering into a digitalized one, in the production process of which various digital tech nologies, artificial intelligence technologies, robot manipulators at all production sites, auto mated mechanisms that allow the production of electric vehicles, autopilot-intelligent vehicles
for various purposes will be involved. In this regard, researchers pay special attention to the
legislative acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, legislative acts of developed countries, as well
as international conventions and agreements ratified and initiated by the Republic of Kazakh stan on the radical transition to a qualitatively new level of the above-mentioned branches of
mechanical engineering, electric mobility and autopilot of transport vehicles produced by it.
On this basis, the researchers in this article formulated legislative, organizational-legal, mana gerial-legal and practical proposals for the real provision of the radical transition of the stud ied branches of transport engineering through 5G technology. The authors use the method
of comparative legal analysis of the legislation of different countries with the transport and
production legislation of Kazakhstan. The method of scientific forecasting allows researchers
to formulate new Kazakh laws and new international conventions relevant to the analyzed
topic. The practical and theoretical significance of the study is related to the improvement of
transport production and legal ways of digital export of products of Kazakhstani transport
engineering enterprises on the basis of the World Trade Organization law.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Acknowledgments: The article was prepared within the framework of the Research Calendar Plan
of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan “National legal and international
legal solutions to the radical transition to digitalization of transport, agricultural machinery in Kazakhstan,
to electric mobility, autopilot of its products”, grant no. АР09261449.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: digitalization

value: transport law

value: electric vehicle

value: unmanned vehicle

value: computer

value: artificial  intelligence

value: robotics law


dc.contributor.author

value: Tulupova, Elena O.

value: Latypova, Nataliya S.

value: Yamaletdinova, Natalya V.

value: Demidova, Tatyana K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tulupova, Elena O., Nataliya S.Latypova, Natalya V.Yamaletdinova, Tatyana K.Demidova. 2023. “On the issue of child-friendly justice in Germany”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University.  Law 2: 441–456. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
For many years, the international community has recognized the fact that children, due to
their age, have unique characteristics and needs as subjects of law. They should be taken into
account in all spheres of life, but especially when they face justice. Becoming a participant
in it as a witness, victim or accused, the child, firstly, becomes involved in the adult world,
which is alien to him. Secondly, it becomes more vulnerable in rights, due to its incomplete
development and limited capabilities, and therefore needs a different attitude. Finding a bal ance between public interests and the well-being of the child in the process of seeking justice
and the administration of justice is a difficult and urgent task for any State governed by the
rule of law. It also seems important due to the fact that the child, while continuing to grow and
develop, is still open to positive socialization, in which both the family and the state play the
main roles. To study the problem, the goal was set to study the experience of Germany, since
this state has long focused its policy on children, developing various juvenile technologies.
The specifics of the administration of justice with the participation of a child in it are analyzed,
as well as the recommendations of German specialists in the field of psychology, pedagogy
and jurisprudence, on adjusting the existing justice system and adapting it to the needs of the
child. In particular, such issues as: features of communication with the child during the trial,
psychosocial support of the child and the use of audio-video interrogation of the child are
considered. According to the results of the study, the authors have drawn conclusions about
how effectively the institute works in general and about the feasibility of integrating the Ger man experience into Russia.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: child

value: child-friendly justice

value: psychosocial support

value: interrogation of a minor

value: communication with a child in court

value: tactics of interrogation of a minor

dc.title

value: Article