title: Singularly Perturbed Problems with Kernes Depending on Fundamental Solutions of Integro-differential Equations

dc.contributor.author

value: Bobodzhanov, Abduhafiz Abdurasulovich

value: Bobodzhanova, Mashkhura Abduhafizovna

value: Safonov, Valeriy Fedorovich

dc.description.abstract

value: The paper considers a system of two singularly perturbed integro-differential equations (IDEs), the first of which is a homogeneous equation, and the second is an inhomogeneous one, with an integral operator whose kernel contains the fundamental solution of the first IDE. The classical case, when the kernel depends on a rapidly changing scalar exponential, is the subject of a large number of papers (see bibliography at the end of the article). The case of the dependence of the kernel on the fundamental solutions of differential systems was studied in detail in the monograph by A.A. Bobodzhanov and V.F. Safonov “Singularly perturbed integral and integro-differential equations with rapidly changing kernels and equations with digonal degeneration of the kernel”, published by Sputnik+ in 2017. As shown in this paper, the difficulty of constructing a regularized (in the sense of Lomov) asymptotics of IDEs is due to the complex structure of asymptotic solutions of fundamental solutions of homogeneous differential equations. The problem of constructing the asymptotics of the fundamental solution of a homogeneous IDE and its influence through the kernel on the regularized asymptotics of a nonhomogeneous IDE has not been studied so far. In the present work, this gap is filled. It first constructs a regularized asymptotics of the fundamental solution of a homogeneous IDE, and then develops an algorithm for constructing an asymptotic solution of a nonhomogeneous IDE. It is shown that (in contrast to the asymptotics with a kernel depending on the fundamental solution of a homogeneous differential equation), the asymptotics of the solution of an inhomogeneous IDE will contain, in addition to rapidly changing terms, also slowly changing components induced by the asymptotics of the fundamental solution.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was partially supported by Russian Science foundation (project
 23-21-00496).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Differential Equations and Control Processes;Issue 1

dc.subject

value: singularly perturbed

value: integro-differential equations

value: regularization

value: fundamental solution asymptotics


title: Using Bellman Optimality Principle for the Generative Autoencoder Architecture for the Problems of the Attribute Data Typesetting and Semantic Description in Data Management

dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsov, Sergey

dc.description.abstract

value: The publication presents the problems of identifying data types (typesetting) and semantic description of the attributes when managing structured data and master data (Master Data Management). A formal definition of the generalized attribute typesetting problem is given, which allows generation of the additional data types. This problem allows using the discrete Bellman optimality principle under special criteria of the target function. A unified architecture of the deep generative neural network addressing simultaneously the generalized attribute typesetting and semantic description generation problems is proposed. The architecture is based on the generative adversarial autoencoder architecture (AAE) using the mechanisms of soft-attention, and long-term memory (SCRN). The effectiveness of such implementation, in particular, is achieved through the application of the principles of dynamic programming within each epoch of the network training.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Differential Equations and Control Processes;Issue 2

dc.subject

value: generative neural networks

value: metadata

value: data typesetting

value: data types generation

value: discrete Bellman optimality principle

value: neural network architecture

value: deep learning

value: GAN

value: data profiling

value: master data

value: AAE

value: SCRN

value: LSTM

value: memory cell

value: soft attention

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


title: On the Solvability of a Periodic Problem for a Two-dimensional System of Ordinary Differential Equations of the Second Order

dc.contributor.author

value: Mukhamadiev, Ergashboy

value: Naimov, Alizhon Nabidjanovich

dc.description.abstract

value: In this paper we study the periodic problem with a period equal to 1 for a two-dimensional system of second-order ordinary differential equations, in which the main nonlinear part is generated by a polynomial in one complex variable. It is proven that if the convex hull of the roots of the generating polynomial does not contain numbers that are multiples of 2 i*pi, then there is an a priori estimate for solutions to the periodic problem. Under the conditions of an a priori estimate, using methods for calculating the mapping degree of vector fields, the solvability of the periodic problem for any perturbation from a given class is proven. The system of equations under consideration does not reduce to a similar system of first-order equations with the main positive homogeneous nonlinear part. For systems of first-order equations, the periodic problem was studied in the works of V.A. Pliss, M.A. Krasnoselskii and their followers using methods of a priori estimation and calculation of the mapping degree of vector fields. It is known that an a priori estimate of solutions to boundary value problems for systems of nonlinear ordinary second order differential equations is fraught with difficulties associated with an estimate of the first-order derivative of the solution when the solution itself is bounded. In this paper, using the example of a periodic problem for the considered system of second-order equations, it is established that the a priori estimate is deducible if we combine methods for studying similar systems of first-order equations and methods for qualitative research of singularly perturbed systems of equations. The results obtained can be further generalized for multidimensional systems of second-order equations, applying the idea of the directing function method.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the grant Russian
Science Foundation No. 23-21-00032 (https://rscf.ru/project/23-21-00032/).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Differential Equations and Control Processes;Issue 1

dc.subject

value: periodic problem

value: a priori estimate

value: the mapping degree of vector field


title: Decompositional Method of Modal Synthesis at Controlling a MIMO-system with Feedback by State Derivatives

dc.contributor.author

value: Zubov, Nikolay Evgenievich

value: Ryabchenko, Vladimir Nikolaevich

value: Lapin, Alexey Vladimirovich

dc.description.abstract

value: In this article a method of pole placement in a deterministic linear dynamic MIMO-system at controlling with feedback by state derivatives is developed. The method is based on the special decomposition of the original system by means of matrix zero divisors. The method is applicable for both continuous and discrete cases of describing a MIMO-system, has no restrictions on the dimensions of state vector and input vector of the MIMO-system, algebraic and geometric multiplicity of specified poles, provides the possibility of analytical synthesis of controllers.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Differential Equations and Control Processes;Issue 2

dc.subject

value: modal control by state derivatives

value: decompositional method

value: stability of a system

value: pole placement

value: continuous and discrete systems


title: Solution of the Carleman System Using Group Analysis

dc.contributor.author

value: Dukhnovsky, Sergei Anatolievich

dc.description.abstract

value: In this paper, we consider the discrete kinetic Carleman system. The Carleman system is the Boltzmann kinetic equation, and for this model momentum and energy are not conserved. Using group analysis methods, we obtain a solution representing the density of gas particles in a certain area. This limitation is due to the non-negativity of solution. Similarly, it is possible to find exact solutions for other kinetic models.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Carleman system

value: group analysis

value: invariant solution

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Dorofeev, Daniil Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dorofeev D. Yu. Philosophical Anthropology of B. V. Markov. Part 1. Philosophy of the Era of “the Death of Man”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 186–200. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the study of the Philosophical Anthropology of the recently deceased
famous St. Petersburg philosopher Boris Vasilyevich Markov (1946-2023). Thanks
to him, Russian Philosophical Anthropology started to develop actively in the 1990s. It
is the peculiarities and significance of the philosophy of that period, are analyzed in the
article. The writings of French philosophers, primarily the concept of the “death of man”
by M. Foucault, were of central importance for the new Russian philosophy and Philosophical
Anthropology of that time. The works of the archaeological and genealogical stages by
Foucault had a great influence on Markov. The author of the current article examines in
detail the significance of Foucault’s concept of the “death of man” and, in general, the understanding
of man in Postmodernism for the development of Philosophical Anthropology
of B. V. Markov in his works of the 1990s. To do this, the genesis and features of the development
of European, primarily French, philosophy of the second half of the 20th century,
presented in such concepts as episteme, deconstruction, archeology of knowledge, genealogy
of power, language, are critically touched upon and analyzed. Based on these principles,
Markov’s philosophical anthropology can be characterized as an archeology and genealogy
of power in relation to man in culture, society and everyday life. The author emphasizes that
the development of Philosophical Anthropology in the era of the “death of man” was a complex
and controversial process, since such critical analytics led to the depersonalization of
human being. The research presented in the article seeks to critically reveal the foundations
of such an essentially anti-anthropological philosophy. Analysis of philosophy of B. V. Markov
allows us to reveal its great significance for the development of domestic Philosophical
Anthropology in the era of the “death of man”.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, no. 23-28-00687, https://rscf.ru/
project/23-28-00687/.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 40; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: philosophical anthropology

value: B. V. Markov

value: “the death of man”

value: M. Foucault

value: deconstruction

value: archeology and genealogy of power


dc.contributor.author

value: Matveychev, Oleg A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Matveychev O. A. Kant and the “New Brain Line” of Akim Volynsky. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 201–210. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article treats the specific reception of I. Kant’s ideas by an eminent Russian philosopher,
literary critic and art critic at the turn of the 19th–20th century Akim L. Volynsky. Unlike
G. W. F. Hegel and F. W. J. Schelling, I. Kant did not enjoy popularity in Russia until the very
end of the 19th century. The appearance of A. L. Volynsky’s work ‘Critical and Dogmatic Elements
in Kant’s Philosophy’ (1889) became an important event in Russian cultural life. In
this article A. L. Volynsky announced the inevitability of “the power of religious belief over all
questions of life.” In so doing, he had set vector of the development of literature, philosophy
and social consciousness in Russia and prepared a religious and philosophical renaissance of the turn of the century. I. Kant’s philosophy, which stands against dogmatism in thought and
also establishes unbendable moral values, became a worldview ground for A. L. Volynsky in
his struggle with Positivism, atheism and Utilitarianism that dominated over the society and
literature at the time. However, his enthusiasm was not appreciated by his contemporaries —
representatives of the Silver Age of Russian culture, among whom F. Nietzsche began to come
into vogue. A. L. Volynsky was not a pioneer of Russian Kantianism. His article on Kant had
only an indirect influence on his contemporaries. However, it was the first sign of Russian
Kantian studies, ahead of the works by A. I. Vvedensky, V. S. Solovyov, I. I. Lapshin, N. Ya. Grot,
F. A. Stepun, and others.

value: history of philosophy

value: philosophy of Kant

value: Russian philosophy

value: Silver Age of Russian culture

value: Akim Volynsky


dc.contributor.author

value: Goncharova, Xenia O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Goncharova X. O. Approaches to the Study of Identity in Contemporary Philosophy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 211– 220. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The concept of ‘identity’ increasingly appears in the space of public discussions of modernity:
it is referred to by social activists, it is studied by academics, and its violations worry
legal scholars and human rights advocates. Indirectly, the very fact of such active reference
suggests that contemporary society is experiencing an identity crisis. This fact is stated by
representatives of many disciplines (sociology, cultural studies, psychology, etc.), however, it
is still understudied. Philosophy is not an exception in this case. Modern philosophers speak
about identity (political, cultural, social, civic, etc.), but rarely attempt a full-fledged philosophical
analysis of this phenomenon. In this connection, it is not surprising that there is no
classification of philosophical theories of identity or analysis of their methodological foundations
in the academic literature. Thus, the paper aims to provide an overview of theoretical
and methodological approaches to the study of identity in contemporary philosophy. As a
result of applying methods of contextual analysis, comparative analysis, and rational historical
and philosophical reconstruction to contemporary philosophical material on identity we
have managed to identify four main approaches: Freudomarxism (S. Žižek), Poststructuralism
(J. Butler), Multiculturalism (C. Taylor), and Philosophical Hermeneutics (P. Ricoeur). Their
substantive specificity stems from the peculiarities of their theoretical foundations and the theoretical and pragmatic aims of their representatives and, as a consequence, entails some
drawbacks, which should be taken into account in the future development of identity theory
in philosophy.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: identity

value: identity theory

value: Philosophical Hermeneutics

value: Poststructuralism

value: Multiculturalism

value: Freudomarxism

value: S. Žižek

value: J. Butler

value: C. Taylor

value: P. Ricoeur

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Arefiev, Mikhail A.

value: Davydenkova, Antonina G.

value: Kovalenko, Natalya G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Arefiev M. A., Davydenkova A. G., Kovalenko N. G. Fundamental Ethics of P. A. Kropotkin and L. N. Tolstoy and the “New Ethics” of Postmodernism. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 244–257. https://doi.org/10.21638/ spbu17.2024.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of this article is to analyze the moral and ethical concepts of Kropotkin and Tolstoy,
that became the fundamental ethics of Russian social thought in the early twentieth century.
The significance of these ethics is essential for the resolution of contemporary socio-cultural problems pressing on Russian statehood in the post-Soviet era. The crisis in the spiritual sphere
of Russian society has forced the issues of preserving traditional values through legislative acts
and decrees. The aim of this study is to identify the cultural and philosophical foundations of
ethical concepts of Russian thinkers using established paradigmatic approaches. The division
of ethics into fundamental and applied, i.e. professionally oriented, is the methodological basis
of our study. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that the thesis of super-relevance of Kropotkin’s
and Tolstoy’s fundamental ethics today in the context of the crisis of traditional values
that has embraced the whole post-Soviet space, including Russia, is argued. One of the leading
developers of the concept was the postmodernist Michel Foucault, who argued that freedom
is an ontological condition of ethics. Ethics is the form that freedom takes in different socioeconomic
and political contexts. The general conclusion is that the main line for the ethical
outlook of Kropotkin and Tolstoy was their social sharpening, which today can be seen as the
antithesis of postmodernist values. For Kropotkin, the social orientation of ethics was ensured
by the universality of the principle of mutual help and support in Nature and Society. For Tolstoy,
it is rationalistically justified and based on the principles of solidarity and justice, based on
the Christian precepts of the beatitudes. Tolstoy’s moral utilitarianism rested on the idea of the
universality of the principle of non-violence in social life, on the philosophy of the social good.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 40; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: fundamental and professional ethics

value: postmodern ‘new ethics’

value: self-care

value: ethics as a practical philosophy

value: Kropotkin’s naturalistic ethics

value: Tolstoy’s moral utilitarianism

value: the social orientation of fundamental ethics


dc.contributor.author

value: Zhelnin, Anton I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zhelnin A. I. Bio-Logic: Does the Living Realize Operations of Logical and Computational. Type? Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 231–243. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides a critical analysis of the representation of the Living as a subject that
implements operations of logical and computational type. It is shown that the foundations
for transferring the predicate ‘logical’ to the Living are not only general trend for objectification
of logic (its embodiment in physical processes of computing machines) but also
explicit informational and teleonomic aspects of its existence, which create the appearance
that it calculates the direction and result of its actions, implements behavioural algorithms
etc. Cases of genome and brain are considered as the most obvious contenders for organic
logico-computational systems. It is shown that, despite some analogies (partially discrete
character, ‘program-like’ determinism of functioning, similarity of some bioprocesses with
logical connectives and inferences), there are not enough reasons to recognize the presence
of the logical in the biological. Two main counterarguments are proposed: 1. Ontological
one: these systems belong to the living matter, for which any algorithmization is an inevitable
simplification. Life is an autopoietic continuum, where the components are in indissoluble
totality. 2. Epismetological one: nevertheless, logic is an attribute of human abstract
thinking, and its extrapolation to the living is an implicit return to anthropomorphism. It
is concluded that the concept of ‘bio-logic’ is relevant if it is understood as a concretization
of reasoning modes that take into account qualitative specifics of the life as its object, and
is irrelevant as an explicit hypostasis of logico-computational phenomena as its ontological
properties.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: logic

value: bio-logic

value: computation

value: logocentrism

value: computationalism

value: genome

value: brain

value: algorithm

value: autopoiesis


dc.contributor.author

value: Dyakov, Alexandr V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dyakov A. V. Ontology of Historicism: The Actor-Network Theory and the Elimination of the Subject. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 221–230. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article refers to the ontological foundations of the actor-network theory, considered from
the perspective of historicism at the present stage of its development. The author offers an original
version of the origin of the actor-network theory, placing it in the context of the process of
overcoming classical historicism, historical relativism inherent in Postmodernism and searching
for a new perspective on the historical process. The article puts forward and argues the thesis
that the theoretical demarche under consideration, genetically related to the Structuralism of
previous decades, has the potential to bring the problems common with Structuralism to the
ontological level. The actor does not have some pre-existence, but is wholly constituted in the
event. It does not exist on its own, but along with other actors whose activity creates the space in
which they themselves are constituted. The essence of an actor entirely coincides with its existence
in the space of events. The author concludes that the actor-network theory, not striving for
the revival of trans-historical universals like the subject of history, also refuses to historicize the
entities with which it has to deal. The actor has no personal history and is himself fundamentally
unhistorical, but exists only within the framework of the ‘stories’ that happen to him. Such a
theoretical demarche partially revives the subject of history, and in the ultimate perspective, the
forms of thought characteristic of classical historicism. Thus, a specific structure is constituted
in the space of the humanities, using the forms of classical historicism with their inherent figures
and adapting them to a new context that meets the modern scientific situation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with the support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation
no. 21-18-00174 “Historicism as a paradigm of the humanities”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 40; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: historicism

value: humanities

value: ontology

value: actor-network theory

value: Structuralism

value: historical relativism

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kulakova, Tat’jana A.

value: Volkova, Anna V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kulakova T. A., Volkova A. V. On the Methodological Basis of Storytelling as a Mechanism of Collective Consciousness Manipulation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 294–308. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Continuing the series of publications devoted to the socio-political aspects of digital transformations,
the authors focus on the high pace of development of information technology and
qualitative changes in public policy, which has ceased to be a sphere of rational thinking and
argumentation, turning into a field for the struggle of symbols. There is a tendency for people
to abandon language, and an increase in the influence of symbols and simplified structures in
communications at various levels. The study of the methodological foundations of storytelling
refers to the problem of neomythologism in the consciousness of modern man, the significant
features of which are associative thinking and proximity to archaic perception. The increasing
impact of ‘post-truth’ combines several interrelated phenomena: the growing prevalence and
influence of misinformation, disagreement over verifiable facts, the increasing importance
of personal faith and experience over facts and evidence, declining trust in institutional information
providers, and the increasing fragmentation and polarization of information consumption.
Thus, the concept of Homo Narrans, which assumes that a person’s perception of
information occurs primarily through stories, takes on a new meaning in the context of the
development of digital public policy. Visual perception makes it possible to use unconscious
motives and symbols. The authors come to the conclusion that visual storytelling is becoming
an effective tool of political struggle due, on the one hand, to the emotional impact on the
audience and, on the other hand, by simplifying the perception of the transmitted information.
As a communication technology, it is widely used to build relationships of trust. If used
correctly, this technology can help organize the digital information space of Russia in the national
interests, including for articulating a system of values that correlate with socio-political
processes in the country and the world and taking into account our cultural traditions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the EISI grant “Visual Storytelling as a Technology for Creating
Political Trust in the Online Space”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: visual storytelling

value: digital public policy

value: mediatization of social life

value: mythologization of consciousness

value: trust


dc.contributor.author

value: Egorov, Pavel A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Egorov P. A. The Concept of Aesthetic Experience Based on the Theory of Sacrum by R. Otto. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 309–319. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.211 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is focused at the demarcation of the concept of aesthetic experience. This operation
is carried out through a critical analysis of the theory of the Sacred by R. Otto, set out by him in
the book published under the same title. It demonstrates the internal inconsistency of R. Otto’s
desire to bring the Sacred as an autonomous experience, not association with aesthetics, on
the basis of neo-Kantian philosophy, which gravitates towards the same aesthetics. This contradiction
of task and method, placed in a wider context of consideration, allows us to define
aesthetic experience. Aesthetic experience is the mode of considering any possible experience
according to the specific rules of the discipline of aesthetics. In this sense, pure experience is
only an illusory perspective from the sensory overload of discourse with pre-conceptual expressions,
from the aspect of intensity. The experience itself is completely reduced to a mode
of expression, and has no characteristics of its own. Experience is the junction of the pre-conceptual
and the conceptual, infinitely segmentable but never grasped, only always reducible to
expression, hermeneutic (meaning) and non-hermeneutic (presence). Aesthetic experience,
on the other hand, is experience interpreted in the light of the fact that existence is indistinguishable
from representation, experience understood in a deontologized sense.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 40; Issue 2

value: aesthetic experience

value: sacred

value: R. Otto

value: intensity

value: discourse


dc.contributor.author

value: Pourmahmoud, Sadaf

value: Fahimifar, Asghar

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pourmahmoud S., Fahimifar A. A Study on the ‘Philosophy of Decoration’ in the Seljuk Period (5th to 6th Centuries CE) Emphasizing the Dome of ‘Taj Al-Molk’ of the Isfahan Grand Mosque. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 353– 364. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.215

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Seljuk period (5th–6th Centuries CE) is one of the most important historical periods of
Islamic Iran in various arts formed and developed in accordance with Islamic beliefs. Bricklaying
decoration is one of the most valuable types of Persian Architectural decorations, and
The Seljuk period is the era of extraordinary development and progress of this art and the ‘Taj
Al-Molk’ Dome of the Isfahan Grand Mosque is known as its masterpiece. In fact, the flourishing
of bricklaying decoration and its relationship to Seljuk’s cultural and religious beliefs in
the sphere of aesthetics is the subject of this article. Historical, descriptive-analytical methods
have been used to investigate historical documents and field observation. The result shows
the cultural aspects that affect the artists’ extraordinary use of decorating elements in Seljuk
architecture. A confirmation of a ‘Philosophy of Decoration’ based on a common language in
the aesthetic perception of pure Islamic-Iranian art as could see in ‘Taj Al-Molk’ Dome with
the usage of highly evolved decorative elements such as Bricklaying tiles, Geometric patterns,
and Kufic scripts. Muslim artists used decoration as a decisive role in connecting the material
world (physical world) to the world of ideas in order to express their thoughts and mystical
and religious ideals. With the help of elements such as rhythm, coordination, harmony, balance,
etc., they realize their philosophical principles in action and create a new philosophy
that transforms the material into a visualization of unity in multiplicity, as a major ideal of the
“Philosophy of decoration”. A manifestation of the attributes of the Only God, who shaped the
world being, as the Source of beauty.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: Philosophy of Decoration

value: bricklaying decoration

value: Seljuk art

value: ‘Taj Al-Molk’ Dome

value: unity in multiplicity

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Brovkin, Vladimir V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Brovkin V. V. The Early Pythagoreans and the Political Development of Greece in the 6th–4th Centuries BCE. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 280–293. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.209 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper deals with the question of the socio-historical conditionality of the political ideas
of the early Pythagoreans. It is established that the philosophy of the early Pythagoreans reflected
such traditional values of the polis as political activity, patriotism, collectivism. The
weak manifestation of individualism among the Pythagoreans testifies to the existence in their
worldview of an indissoluble connection between the polis and the citizen. The political ideas
and way of life of the Pythagoreans were conditioned by the flourishing of the polis system
in the 6th–4th centuries BCE. The desire of the Pythagoreans for political stability and moderation
was associated with the idea of a great danger emanating from anarchy and tyranny.
The fear of lawlessness contributed to the formation of Pythagoras and his followers’ idea of
the importance of political loyalty. It was also found that in the political preferences of the
early Pythagoreans manifested two tendencies — aristocratic and democratic. The aristocratic
tendency manifested itself in the elitist nature of Pythagorean teaching, in adherence to aristocratic
virtues and distrust of democratic practices. The democratic tendency was associated
with the early Pythagoreans’ idea of equality as the basis of laws, justice and friendship. It was
shown that the changes in the correlation of these tendencies in Pythagoreanism were also
conditioned to the socio-historical development of Greece in the late archaic and classical periods.
The predominance of the aristocratic tendency among Pythagoras and his disciples was
associated with the dominance of the aristocracy in the Greek poleis of the 6th century BCE.
The strengthening of the democratic tendency in the views of Archytas and, possibly, Lysis was
due to the rapid development of democracy in the 5th–4th centuries BCE.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project number 22-18-
00025 “Ancient Mystery Cults and Greek Philosophy: Orphica, the Pythagoreanism, Hermetica, Platonism”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 40; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Early Pythagoreans

value: Pythagoras

value: Lysis

value: Archytas

value: politics

value: democratic tendency

value: aristocratic tendency

value: values of the polis


dc.contributor.author

value: Popkov, Roman A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Popkov R. A. ‘Paul within Judaism’ Research Paradigm in Foreign Religious Studies. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 341–352. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.214 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article analyzes the current state of research on Paul the Apostle and the reconstruction
of and the reconstruction of certain plots in the history of early Christianity. In the midtwentieth
century, almost all Pauline scholars saw Paul as a Jewish apostate who had realized
the flaws of Judaism, especially the flaws inherent in Torah observance. Ever since Sanders’s
pioneering work, the role of Second Temple Judaism became an important dimension of work
on Paul’s letters. Even though Sanders’ reconstruction of ancient Second Temple Judaism was
radical, his interpretation of Paul was not, even though the traditional anti-Jewish aspects
were significantly downplayed. Based on Sanders ‘New perspective on Paul’ it involved many
new insights, especially the idea that Paul did not repudiate the Torah as such, but only Jewish
identity markers. The combination of Sanders’s reconstruction of ancient Judaism and the
focus on Paul as the Apostle to Gentiles has led to a new research paradigm of ‘Paul within
Judaism’. Paul was Torah observant and he had never broken with Judaism. Paul argued that
Gentiles should not observe the Torah the way Jews did. Paul’s vision was to bring Gentiles
into a covenantal relationship with the god of Israel, through Jesus, which indeed called for
a significant change of behaviour but did not change their ethnic status. Paul’s critique of the
Torah is explained by assuming that he addressed Gentiles members of the Jesus movement
who probably wanted to observe all of the Torah.

dc.subject

value: Paul the Apostle

value: New Testament

value: biblical studies

value: Second Temple Judaism

value: Jesus movement

value: Paul within Judaism

value: New Perspective on Paul

value: Early Christianity


dc.contributor.author

value: Lvov, Alexander A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lvov A. A. The Practices of Historicism in Metamodern Condition. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 258–268. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper answers the question, if metamodern, which replaced the postmodern discourse, is
conceptually viable. The discussion is focused on a particular case of rethinking the Historicist views that are increasingly arising in connection with the task of creative justification of the
theory of history. This problem is supposed to be solved, first, by showing that metamodern
practices actualize a special type of subject that can be demanded in the context of creative attitude
to history, and second, by analyzing what the strategies of constructing a newly emerging
historicist narrative will be after the critique of the projects of ‘big stories’ put forward by postmodernity.
By doing so, we aim to analyze the epistemological and aesthetic aspects of historicism
in the metamodern condition. The return to the principles of Historicism on the grounds
constructed by contemporary authors (B. Latour, G. Harman, D. Haraway, etc.) appears to be
debatable, so the article pays special attention to the criticism of the conceptual issues and
aspects associated with them. As a result of the study, we come to the following conclusions:
metamodern requires the revival of a special subject, and the revival itself is by default connected
with the aesthetic rethinking of the subject formed by the modern era and neutralized
by postmodern relativism. Further, the metamodern subject can be described as ‘flickering’ in
the sense that it is not a ready-made construct, but is in constant formation, passing through
such ‘nodal points’ in which its conditioning by the totality of circumstances of the present is
manifested. Finally, the aesthetic instruments that contribute to the formation of the metamodern
subject also make it possible to form post-historical narratives, in which the principle of
eventuality restores the unity of time and space of interaction between different actors.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Scientific Foundation, project
21-18-00174 “Historicism as a Paradigm of the Humanities”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 40; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: historicism

value: metamodern

value: Postmodernism

value: Modernism

value: aestheticization of history

value: post-history

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Karimov, Rakhmat R.

value: Bekbaev, Rauf R.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Karimov R. R., Bekbaev R. R. The Phenomenon of Tradition as a Factor of the Dialogue of Cultures: Philosophical-Religious Aspect. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 320–330. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.212 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the phenomenon of tradition from position of its understanding as a factor
of intercultural and interreligious dialogue. At the same time, the very concept of ‘tradition’ is
considered by the authors through the prism of the philosophy of Rene Guenon’s traditionalism,
for whom tradition is a connecting factor between cultures. The authors determine that
in the Genonian understanding, tradition has exoteric and esoteric sides, and it is through the
latter that there are coincidences between religious traditions of different cultures. The true
essence of such a tradition is comprehended through intellect and intuition, which lay outside
the framework of rational thinking, but get to the level of the spiritual and irrational, which
in fact leads to intellectual intuition and reveals the esoteric essence of tradition. Considering
the exoteric side, the authors establish its focus on maintaining social order, because not every
individual can have the necessary ‘qualifications’ to comprehend the essence of tradition. For
Guenon, both sides of the tradition, despite their differences, have similarities in the cultures
of the East and the West, but it is Western civilization at the present stage of its development
that is undergoing a state of severe spiritual crisis, the loss of the traditional path of development.
Thus, the teachings of Pythagoras, Plato, Aristotle, and also Thomas Aquinas, were of
the traditional nature, but with the beginning of the Renaissance they were completely lost.
The authors conclude that the Western anti-traditionalism, expressed in materialism, egalitarianism,
and individualism, tends to extrapolate its worldview to all other cultures, resulting
in a confrontation with the East. In this sense, the spiritual crisis is transformed into a whole
civilizational crisis of the West, the only way out of which is the revival of tradition in the form
of religion based on the Eastern experience.

dc.subject

value: tradition

value: traditionalism

value: religion

value: culture

value: civilization

value: dialogue

value: comparative philosophy

value: intercultural philosophy


dc.contributor.author

value: Aleinikov, Andrei V.

value: Maltseva, Daria A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aleinikov A. V., Maltseva D. A. Public Governance in the Context of Global Turbulence: Risk-Reflexive Approach. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 269–279. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.208

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines methodological trends and combinations in the discourse of political
strategic management of dangers and threats under the conditions of the new specific type
of risk society formation, which is qualitatively different from the classical version of the ‘risk
society’. In this study, using a risk-reflexive approach, authors propose a research route to
analyze the transformation of public governance and enlighten the main directions of social
behaviour strategies modeling, designing tools for prevention and reducing negative effects of
emerging risks. Based on the analysis of the ‘Giddens paradox’ and the concept of ‘organized
irresponsibility’ by U. Beck, the problems of the efficiency of public governance institutions
in ensuring security and preventing threats are considered. The authors’ attention is focused
on analyzing the hierarchy of ways to justify the acceptability of risk and the subjects of risk
management. Approaches to the classification of types of power used by subjects of public
risk management are investigated. In this regard, the article identifies three mechanisms for
the formation of risk-reflexivity (forced, imitative, normative). A theoretical perspective is
presented for considering informational, strategic, institutional, motivational and simulation
risk reflections in public governance process. Special attention is paid to the main forms of
public governance competencies in political risk management, especially in the context of
digital transformation, which opens up new opportunities for information impact and cognitive
programming of risk perception.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reserarch was funded with financial support of EISI Project no. 123091200053-0 “Dynamics
of transformation of digital public administration in modern Russia: political strategies and risks in the
context of escalating global conflict”, which is being implemented at INION RAN.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 40; Issue 2

value: public governance

value: risk

value: risk reflection

value: ‘risk society’

value: risk-stakeholders


dc.contributor.author

value: Kovaleva, Tatiana V.

value: Kovaleva Kircicek, Valeriia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kovaleva T. V., Kovaleva Kircicek V. A. Philosophical and Anthropological Views on Understanding the Formation of Digital Culture. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2024, vol. 40, issue 2, pp. 331–340. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.213

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is dedicated to scholarly thinking in the digital culture. The main aim is to study
different approaches for the investigation of a modern culture and its significance for people.
We have prioritized the following tasks: to take a look at a philosophical and a biologyanthropological
direction oriented at the new ways to explain the importance of culture at the
turn of the 20th and 21st centuries; to analyze several approaches with the underpinning of
digital culture. On the one hand, we gave ideas of the neo-Kantians who considered that you
can understand the nature and spheres of human life only through values, which can build an
evidence base for the significance of culture through the study of ethics and values to identify
the absence of a natural component in them. On the other hand, we investigated anthropological
biology views of culture by K. Lorenz, E. Wilson, and A. Fet. Russian scientist Abram
Fet, based on Lorenz and Wilson`s experience, arrived at some ideas that “‘culture’ cannot
be characterized by an individual but only by a certain community and means the special
community lifestyle with the skills and mode of behaviors in it, definitions and standards of
thought, inheritable from generation to generation. … man is an animal with two systems of
heredity — genetic and cultural” (Instinct and social behavior). So, based on the two scientific
approaches presented above, it is possible to better understand the ways to study digital
culture and analyze the transformation problems of the socio-cultural life of modern society.
We are at the very beginning of a transition stage in the formation of new cultural relations.
It is quite evident that the digital world is complex and contradictory. It requires us to make a
highly developed spiritual culture for our continued existence.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The paper was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) “Transforming the
moral awareness of the digital society: new strategies and risks”, 23-28-00220/.

value: digital culture

value: neo-Kantian

value: digital society

value: anthropological biology

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Levashov, Viktor K.

value: Sashchenko, Natalia P.

value: Likhanova, Tamara Y.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Levashov V. K., Sashchenko N. P., Likhanova T. Y. The resource potential of social optimism in modern Russia. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 144–166. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the results of a socio-political analysis of the phenomenon of social optimism in
its connection with the ideas of Russian citizens about a positive image of the future. The problematic
situation is caused by an urgent cognitive demand for awareness of the optimal stable political
perspective of society and a predictable personal life strategy of citizens, which should be relevant
to socio-political attitudes and social ideas of society about the successful future of Russia. At the
theoretical level the authors rely on the provisions of the cognitive theory of “expected value”, the
concepts of collective efficiency and self-development, mental attitude, political culture, sustainable
socio-political development of society as the conceptual scientific foundations of research on modern
social reality in the system of objectively established global social and political relations. At the
empirical level the authors attract arrays of information from the sociological monitoring “How are you
living, Russia?” of the Institute of Socio-Political Research of the Russian Academy of Science, the
analysis of which makes it possible to understand the dynamics of social optimism in society, correlations
between levels of social optimism and socio-psychological, socio-economic and socio-political
resources of Russian society and the state, contributing to or hindering the activation of resource
zones of social optimism. The dysfunctions of the formation of a stable state of social optimism are
revealed: the preservation of a dominant position in the problem field of factors of material status and
security, the blurring of ideological preferences and political attitudes, the short horizon of planning
for the personal and the country’s future. The socio-psychological and political resources influencing
the change in the nature of social mood in general and social optimism in particular, and creating
prerequisites for the preservation of the historically established political culture of Russian society are
highlighted: national-state identity, social trust, value-semantic component of historical memory and
the vector of modernization of state policy. Among the recommendations of scientific and practical
priorities, the theoretical search and practical development of effective mechanisms for forming the
image of a fair, sustainable multipolar future are highlighted.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: social optimism

value: image of the future

value: political culture

value: social anxiety

value: identity

value: institutional trust

value: social and political values and institutions

value: horizons of socio-political expectation and planning


dc.contributor.author

value: Tolstikova, Irina I.

value: Ignatjeva, Olga A.

value: Nezhdanov, Vladimir L.

value: Pletnev, Alexander V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tolstikova I. I., Ignatjeva O. A., Nezhdanov V. L., Pletnev A. V. The Chinese Communist Party and generation Z political participation in China. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 231–248. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The leadership of modern China is concerned about creating a system of succession in power
from the older generation to the younger, so its experience in the field of youth policy and
the co-optation of talented youth into power is valuable and can be partially borrowed by
other countries facing similar problems. In political theory, political participation is differentiated
into conventional and non-conventional. The authorities of each country are interested
in the development of the first direction. But even in a country as ideologically cohesive as
China, non-conventional forms of participation cannot be avoided, which is partly facilitated
by Internet activity. This article will look at examples of non-conventional participation in the
anti-COVID movement in China and the extradition bill in Hong Kong. However, we are more
interested in the conventional participation of young people, its causes and the contribution
of the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese political leadership to this form of political
activity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the features of the political participation of Chinese
youth and the role of the CCP in building youth policy to enhance this participation. This
study consists of four sections that allow us to comprehensively consider the stated issues: an
analysis of the characteristics of the perception of the CCP by young people, the main forms
of youth political participation, the role of digital media to enhance the political participation
of Chinese youth, and political participation in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
of China. The study uses sources in Chinese and English, which makes it possible to convey
important, but inaccessible for objective reasons, information to a wide range of readers.
The study was carried out in the theoretical and methodological paradigm of constructivism
based on general theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis and the empirical method of
case-study.

dc.subject

value: political participation

value: Chinese Communist Party

value: conventional participation

value: non-conventional participation

value: Hong Kong

value: Xi Jinping

value: digital communication

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Achkasov, Valery A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Achkasov V. A. Cultural and value dimension of federalism in Russia. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 274–289. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.209 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The author of the article joins a long-standing debate about the relationship between the current
sociocultural context and institutional changes, during which a clear answer to the question under
discussion was never obtained. The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the perception and
use of the main institutions of federalism, determined by the main characteristics of the political
culture and political attitudes of the Russian elites. The author proves that when studying ethno-
federalism in general, and Russian ethno-federalism in particular, one cannot limit oneself to
an exclusively institutional and functional approach, since the cultural and value component plays
an important role in its success or failure. Thus, a brief excursion into the history of federalism in
Russia showed that the central elites, both in Soviet times and the modern period, perceived federalism
as a value, using its institutions purely technically, as useful tools for bribing ethnic elites
and maintaining their loyalty. At the same time, the political elites, like the “indigenous population”
of ethnic regions, considered and continue to consider their status as a “titular ethnic group”,
their “original national territory” and their republican territorial autonomy as important political
values. This “cultural dissonance” results in the ethnicization of regional political identity and the
politicization of ethnic identity, and leads to the opposition of ethno-regional and national identities.
As a result, the ethnic factor serves as an effective political resource used in the process of
“bargaining” with the federal center by elite groups of the “ethnic region,” which leads to further
fragmentation of Russian society and a weakening of the sense of civic solidarity.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with funds from a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, project
no. 23-28-00360 “Ethnofederalism as a form of national self-determination: a comparative analysis”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Russian ethno-federalism

value: political culture and political values of the elites

value: institutional and functional approach

value: unity and diversity


dc.contributor.author

value: Avdeev, Evgenij A.

value: Vorobev, Sergej M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Avdeev E. A., Vorobev S. M. Foundations of student youth’s patriotism in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West in Ukraine. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 167–185. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of the article is to determine the assessments and ideas of young people about the
importance of the value foundations of Russian patriotism in the context of the confrontation between
Russia and the West during the Northeast Military District in Ukraine. In the course of the study, the value foundations of patriotism of student youth in the North Caucasus were measured,
the compatibility of value systems was identified depending on ethnic and religious affiliation,
attitude towards military operations in Ukraine, and the role of the traditional value foundations
of patriotism was determined. The results of a survey of 1,400 university students in the North
Caucasus are analyzed. The study showed that the confrontation with the “collective West” has
become a dividing line between those who support and do not support the state’s policy to ensure
the country’s sovereignty and security. The criterion of support for military operations conducted
by Russia in order to ensure sovereignty and security makes it possible to determine the degree
of significance of the value foundations of Russian patriotism. The vast majority of respondents
share traditional patriotic values. There is a group of young people who are more focused on
modern individualistic attitudes. There was a high level of concern about the increased threats
associated with military confrontation, such as terrorism and extremism, hostilities in Ukraine,
growing isolation and sanctions against Russia. The most important values of patriotism in the
views of respondents are socially significant activities, love for the motherland, preservation of historical
truth and Russian culture, pride in Russia and readiness to defend the country. Ethnic and
confessional differences have little effect on the level of youth patriotism. Significant variability
was revealed in assessments and ideas about the importance of patriotic values between religious
and non-religious young people. Support for military action among non-religious respondents is
lower than among Orthodox and Muslims. The attitude towards the military conflict has become
a marker of the value and worldview differences between the traditionalists (collectivists-statesmen)
and modernists (individualists).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study is supported by Russian Science Foundation. Project no. 23-28-00237 “Risks of
Conflict in the Transformation of the Socio-Cultural Foundations of the North Caucasus Young People’s
Identity”.

value: values

value: Russian patriotism

value: youth

value: military conflict

value: North Caucasus

value: polyethnicity

value: polyconfessionality


dc.contributor.author

value: Golbraikh, V. B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golbraikh V. B. Conspiracy discourse of Russian covid-dissidents in social networks (on the example of virtual communities in VKontakte). Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 212–230. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper examines the conspiracy discourse of Russian covid-dissidents. The use of conspiracy
theories is typical of radical covid dissidents who have become more active in recent times. Social
networks play a significant role in the spread of conspiracy theories. As part of the study, it was
decided to limit ourselves to the consideration of virtual anti-vaccination communities created in
the largest social media in Russia — Vkontakte. These communities are a significant resource for
anti-vaccine mobilization.To analyze the posts of online communities, manual quantitative content
analysis was used. The study showed an intense discussion of issues related to COVID-19.
At the same time, the analysis revealed a clear increase in the discussion of the pandemic in
November 2021 around the preparation for the adoption of laws on QR codes in the State Duma.
The analysis revealed a significant proportion of conspiracy posts. As the study showed, almost all known conspiracy theories related to the COVID-19 pandemic and appearing in various states
were present to varying degrees in the analyzed online communities. In general, the authors most
often addressed three topics: the use of the COVID-19 virus to establish total control; the role of
globalist forces and the use of COVID-19 to fight for power in Russia or a conspiracy of part of the
elites. At the same time, the study revealed that different conspiracy theories were brought to the
fore in different communities, which is partly due to the organizers of the communities using them,
for example, to draw attention to certain protests. The analysis showed a weak digital participation
of network users. On the other hand, as the study revealed, other social media played a serious
role in the spread of conspiracy theories.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 20; Issue 2

value: covid dissidents

value: conspiracy theories

value: social media

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Golunov, Serghei V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golunov S. V. “Water conflicts” in Central Asia: The likelihood of escalation and prevention options. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 259–273. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Numerous forecasts emphasize the danger of escalating conflicts over freshwater resources in
Central Asia due to such factors, as limited availability of water resources across much of the region,
rapid population growth, adverse consequences of the global warming, and contradictions
between agricultural and energy needs of the region’s states. Despite the relatively abundant
research on the issue of water scarcity in Central Asia, the analyses of potential causes of conflict
escalation and of the range of actors of these potential conflicts do look fragmentary and not
sufficiently logical. Findings of most studies seem outdated and not paying due attention to the
interplay between water issues and energy security. This article is devoted to complex analysis of
the role of those factors that could potentially lead to an exacerbation of water conflicts in Central
Asia. The author concludes that the escalation of conflicts over Central Asian water resources is
by no means inevitable and not even the most likely scenario. Countries of the region have a wide
range of opportunities to prevent the exacerbation of the issue. This could involve efforts to save
water, gaining access to additional water resources, and achieving interstate compromises to mitigate
tensions between upstream and downstream states regarding seasonal water distribution.
However, taking advantage of these opportunities is also challenging given a range of economic
and political obstacles. This brings a lot of uncertainty into the future developments.

dc.subject

value: Central Asia

value: water security

value: water conflict

value: absolute water scarcity

value: seasonal water scarcity

value: energy security


dc.contributor.author

value: Belov, Sergei I.

value: Vanteevsky, Makar M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Belov S. I., Vanteevsky M. M. The image of the soviet state in the “Metro” universe: Substantive side and instrumental effectiveness. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 198–211. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper identifies the specifics of contextuality in the Metro universe (in the book series and
video games), and also analyzes the constructed phenomenon of “cultural trauma” in relation
to the Soviet past. Based on the generalization of the obtained qualitative and quantitative data,
the authors come to the conclusion that the image of the state and historical symbols have great
pragmatic potential, opportunities for ideological and value construction, however, the ideological
component has a differentiated support among the population. The narratives through which the
creators of the main segment of the Metro universe position the Soviet past are aimed at desacralizing
the latter through a radical deconstruction of the positive system of ideas about the corresponding
era, including the events of the Great Patriotic War, which acts as a “founding myth”
within the framework of the memory policy of modern Russia. The latter suggests that the model
of positioning the USSR within the framework of the game universe is aimed both at destroying
the remnants of Soviet identity and at the erosion of in-group favoritism of Russians who perceive
the events of the Soviet period in a de-ideologized way, as an empirical justification for claims to
the special prestige of their own model of self-determination. The creators of the semantic core
of the Metro universe do not so much represent certain events and fill them with socio-political
meaning, as they retransmit ideological and value models created by others. It is important to
note that the negative positioning of the Soviet period in this case was not built into the “past —
present” dichotomy, within the framework of which modernity would act as the result of a return
to a conditionally “normal” model of socio-political development.

dc.subject

value: universe Metro

value: video games

value: state

value: historical symbols

value: cultural trauma

value: mass culture

value: modern dystopia


dc.contributor.author

value: Panov, Petr V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Panov P. V. Indian model of managing ethno-territorial heterogeneity: Asymmetrical ethnic federalism, institutional isomorphism and path dependency. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 290–303. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.210 (In Russian) *

dc.description.abstract

value:
The task of managing political-territorial diversity is of great importance in contemporary world
due to territorial heterogeneity, primarily ethnic heterogeneity, of the states is increasingly politicized,
giving rise to movements for self-determination, risks of separatism and a threat to the
territorial integrity of the state. The experience of countries such as India, where a large number of
self-determination movements can be found, and a specific model for managing ethno-territorial
heterogeneity has emerged, is of particular interest. India has adopted an asymmetrical ethnic
federalism, and the trajectory of reforms directed to accommodate the demands of multiple ethnic
movements for self-determination tends to be reactive. At the same time, a definite set of institutional
solutions has developed in India, so that both the demands of self-determination movements
and the ongoing reforms accord to normative/imitative isomorphism. A comparative review
of the influence of the Indian model on the accommodation of demands of more than 30 ethnic
self-determination movements, carried out on the basis of such parameters as the specificity of
the respective ethnic group, the nature of the demands, as well as institutional reforms, allows us
to conclude that the effects of the Indian model are ambiguous. In some cases, conflicts have
been resolved, but in others they continue, escalate, and sometimes even multiply, as concessions
and reforms incite new demands and escalate new movements. The “path dependency” is
clearly exposed here: once you take the path of asymmetrical ethnic federalism, it is incredibly
difficult to turn away from this path. As regards individual self-determination movements, the effectiveness
of reforms is determined not so much by their content as by the context in which they
are carried out.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the grant from the Russian Science Foundation no. 2318-00530,
https://rscf.ru/project/23-18-00530/ (project “Why are ineffective institutions borrowed? Managing
political-territorial heterogeneity and ensuring the territorial state integrity”) at the Perm Federal
Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: ethnicity

value: heterogeneity

value: federalism

value: asymmetry

value: self-determination movement

value: reforms

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Russkikh, Mikhail S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Russkikh M. S. Peculiarities of ethnic communities’ territorial settlement as a factor of ethnopolitical conflict propensity in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1990–1992. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 304–316. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.211 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article addresses the territorial and demographic aspect of the ethnopolitical processes in
Bosnia and Herzegovina in the early 1990s. The initial stage of nation-building and ethnopolitical
conflict is analyzed on the basis of Miroslav Hroch and Rogers Brubaker approaches synthesis
and is backed by the last reliable Yugoslavia census data. The author assumes that studying of the
Bosnian ethnopolitical conflict initial stage through the prism of the territorial and demographic
aspect allows one to get a clearer and more consistent idea of its causes, actors and logic behind
them. For these purposes the ethnic/national composition of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia
and Herzegovina and Yugoslavia was systematized. Based on its results, the author managed to
identify potential ethnopolitical conflict areas that could be of significant importance in the perspective
of Muslim (later — Bosniak) nation-building. Taking into account the internal and external
contexts of political processes in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Yugoslavia, the author presented
the main conditions, scenarios and risks of the ethnopolitical situation development since 1990.
The influence of the territorial and demographic aspect was considered further and revealed the
potential and actual ethnopolitical conflict areas overlapping on the example of Serbian and Croatian
ethnopolitical projects in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The analyzed case allows the author to
consider the approach promising with its possible implementation in the framework of ethnopolitical
conflicts monitoring and early warning.

dc.subject

value: nation-building

value: ethnopolitical conflict

value: new national movements

value: Yugoslavia

value: Bosnia and Herzegovina

value: Bosnian war


dc.contributor.author

value: Popova, Olga V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Popova O. V. Russian agglomerations with a metropolis core: Features of governance and identity politics. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 249–259. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents information about various models of agglomerations, as well as the author’s
view on the problems of managing agglomerations with a center in metropolitan cities, the feasibility
and possibility of forming the identity of residents of such territories. 16 Russian agglomerations
of this type have been identified. The current experience of identifying structural units in
megacities and existing forms of managing them are generalized. Key debatable issues regarding
the optimal form of management organization have been identified, and it has been shown that in
our country, the tasks of coordinating the development of agglomerations are most often transferred
to the management structures of the metropolis itself. In our country, the “mechanistic”
approach dominates in understanding the essence of the development of agglomerations, which
assigns the most important role specifically (and only) to the economic development of the territory.
The author is convinced that it is inappropriate to pose the task of forming the territorial identity
of the inhabitants of the agglomeration to the authorities at the moment, however, a policy of identity of the agglomeration should gradually be formed, including seven main directions: institutional
and programmatic development of plans for the development of the agglomeration, polyvariant
symbolic “marking” based on territory branding, inclusion of the involvement of the population in
the agenda to determine their attitude to the development of the agglomeration, the formation of
images of the agglomeration and residents in the eyes of the political and managerial elite and the
population, the development of political and socio-cultural practices for the formation of territorial
identity, monitoring the satisfaction of the population with the actions of the authorities, identifying
the correlation in mass consciousness of various types of territorial identity.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared within the framework of the implementation of the Russian Science
Foundation grant no. 23-28-00933 “Identity politics in Russian agglomerations in the context of
international experience”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 20; Issue 2

value: agglomerations

value: metropolitan areas

value: management strategies

value: identity politics

value: Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Budko, Diana A.

value: Lukyanova, Galina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Budko D. A., Lukyanova G. V. The value basis of modern Russian society in the virtual space: Theoretical aspect. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 186–197. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the values of Russians in modern science, as well
as the specifics of their study in the virtual space. The purpose of the article is to study the
approaches existing in Russian political science and the study of the value basis of modern
Russians in the context of digitalization. The text provides an overview of a number of studies
conducted by Russian scientists over the past five years on the subject of Russian values. The
influence of digital imperialism on the formation of values is considered. As an example of a
conductor of traditional and european values, the authors present the results of an original
study of YouTube and Telegram channels (using a parser written in Python, a text array of these
resources was extracted and a corpus was created that formed the empirical base of the study;
a frequency analysis of the occurrence of words was performed; the search was carried out
through a specially created dictionary of value words that they are markers of general categories
of these types of values). Conclusions are drawing about the prospects for studying the
formation and transformation of values in the position of increasing the influence of the digital
space.

value: value basis

value: digital imperialism

value: Russian society

value: traditional values

value: virtual space

value: digitalization

value: public

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Golovin, Mikhail S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golovin M. S. Securitization of Islam in the discourse of British right-wing radical political parties. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2024, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 317–327. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.212 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In modern Europe, the immigration problem and the problem of the coexistence of carriers of different
ethnic, religious and cultural identities is one of the primary ones. To one degree or another,
parties of various ideological orientations address these issues, since ignoring them can lead to
negative consequences in the form of a decrease in the level of electoral support. Today, probably,
the key object for researchers in the field of ethnopolitics can be considered the process of
securitization of an ethnic or religious group within the framework of the political process and process
of insertion into the discourse of security. One of the main securitizes of Islam and migration
in modern Europe are right-wing radical political parties, which through their discourse construct
a negative image, first of all, of Muslim migrants and Islam as a religion. According to the absolute
majority of the radical right, Islam is incompatible with the secular principles of modern European
society and, thus, is presented as an “alien” that poses a threat to “ours”. As for the discourse of
the right-wing radical parties of UK, the construction of ideas about Islam and Muslim migrants as
a threat to the security of the United Kingdom takes a central place in the policy documents and
speeches of their leaders. Therefore, within the framework of this work, it is necessary to identify
specific features of securitization of Islam, including Muslim immigrants, in the discourse of rightwing
radical organizations in the UK. The research is conducted in line with three methodologies:
social constructivism, critical discourse analysis and theory of securitization. The combination
of these three scientific approaches to the study of right-wing radical discourse allows, in our
opinion, to comprehensively study the problem under consideration, which, in turn, contributes
to the further elaboration of this most important issue for modern Europe within the framework of
Russian ethnopolitology.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: right-wing radical political parties

value: Islam

value: immigration

value: securitization

value: nationalist discourse

value: United Kingdom


dc.contributor.author

value: Makarova, Maria

value: Poberovskii, Anatoly

value: Polyakov, Alexander

value: Imkhasin, Khamud H.

value: Ionov, Dmitry

value: Makarov, Boris

value: Kostsov, Vladimir

value: Foka, Stefani

value: Abakumov, Evgeny

dc.identifier.citation

value: Makarova, M.; Poberovskii, A.; Polyakov, A.; Imkhasin, K.H.; Ionov, D.; Makarov, B.; Kostsov, V.; Foka, S.; Abakumov, E. Trends of Key Greenhouse Gases as Measured in 2009–2022 at the FTIR Station of St. Petersburg State University. Remote Sens. 2024, 16, 1996. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16111996

dc.description.abstract

value: Key long-lived greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) are perhaps among the best-studied components of the Earth’s atmosphere today; however, attempts to predict or explain trends or even shorter-term variations of these trace gases are not always successful. Infrared spectroscopy is a recognized technique for the ground-based long-term monitoring of the gaseous composition of the atmosphere. The current paper is focused on the analysis of new data on CO2, CH4, and N2O total columns (TCs) retrieved from high resolution IR solar spectra acquired during 2009–2022 at the NDACC atmospheric monitoring station of St. Petersburg State University (STP station, 59.88°N, 29.83°E, 20 m asl.). The paper provides information on the FTIR system (Fourier-transform infrared) installed at the STP station, and an overview of techniques used for the CO2, CH4, and N2O retrievals. Trends of key greenhouse gases and their confidence levels were evaluated using an original approach which combines the Lomb–Scargle method with the cross-validation and bootstrapping techniques. As a result, the following fourteen-year (2009–2022) trends of TCs have been revealed: (0.56 ± 0.01) % yr−1 for CO2; (0.46 ± 0.02) % yr−1 for CH4; (0.28 ± 0.01) % yr−1 for N2O. A comparison with trends based on the EMAC numerical modeling data was carried out. The trends of greenhouse gases observed at the STP site are consistent with the results of the in situ monitoring performed at the same geographical location, and with the independent estimates of the global volume mixing ratio growth rates obtained by the GAW network and the NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory. There is reasonable agreement between the CH4 and N2O TC trends for 2009–2019, which have been derived from FTIR measurements at three locations: the STP site, Izaña Observatory and the University of Toronto Atmospheric Observatory.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The authors acknowledge Saint-Petersburg State University for a research project
123042000071-8 (GZ_MDF_2023-2, PURE ID 93882802). N2O data analysis and trend estimation
were carried out in the frame of this Project.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: Remote Sensing

dc.subject

value: trends of greenhouse gases

value: methane

value: carbon dioxide

value: nitrous oxide

value: remote sensing

value: atmospheric FTIR observations

dc.title

description: article


title: Интервью с Т.К. Никольской

dc.contributor.author

value: Мамаюсупова, Парвина

dc.description.abstract

value: Интервью с Т.К. Никольской

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Интервью с Т.К. Никольской

dc.type

value: Recording, oral

filename: Никольская Т.К.._Интервью_24.05.2024.docx

format: Microsoft Word XML

filename: Интервью с Т.К. Никольской.MP3

format: Unknown


title: Интервью с Т.Г. Федоренко.

dc.contributor.author

value: Роганина, Марина

dc.description.abstract

value: Интервью с Т.Г. Федоренко. 16 мая

dc.title

value: Интервью с Т.Г. Федоренко.

filename: Интервью с Т.Г. Федоренко.MP3


title: Интервью с Н.Н. Смирновым

dc.contributor.author

value: Роганина, Марина

dc.description.abstract

value: Интервью с Н.Н. Смирновым

value: Интервью с Н.Н. Смирновым

filename: Интервью с Н.Н. Смирновым.MP3


dc.contributor.author

value: Lodygin, Evgeny

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lodygin, E.; Abakumov, E. The Use of Spectroscopic Methods to Study Organic Matter in Virgin and Arable Soils: A Scoping Review. Agronomy 2024, 14, 1003. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14051003

value: The use of modern spectroscopic methods of analysis, which provide extensive information on the chemical nature of substances, significantly expands our understanding of the molecular composition and properties of soil organic matter (SOM) and its transformation and stabilization processes in various ecosystems and geochemical conditions. The aim of this review is to identify and analyze studies related to the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy techniques to study the molecular composition and transformation of organic matter in virgin and arable soils. This article is mainly based on three research questions: (1) Which NMR spectroscopy techniques are used to study SOM, and what are their disadvantages and advantages? (2) How is the NMR spectroscopy technique used to study the molecular structure of different pools of SOM? (3) How is ESR spectroscopy used in SOM chemistry, and what are its advantages and limitations? Relevant studies published between 1996 and 2024 were searched in four databases: eLIBRARY, MDPI, ScienceDirect and Springer. We excluded non-English-language articles, review articles, non-peer-reviewed articles and other non-article publications, as well as publications that were not available according to the search protocols. Exclusion criteria for articles were studies that used NMR and EPR techniques to study non-SOM and where these techniques were not the primary methods. Our scoping review found that both solid-state and solution-state NMR spectroscopy are commonly used to study the structure of soil organic matter (SOM). Solution-phase NMR is particularly useful for studying soluble SOM components of a low molecular weight, whereas solid-phase NMR offers advantages such as higher 13C atom concentration for stronger signals and faster analysis time. However, solution-phase NMR has limitations including sample insolubility, potential signal aggregation and reduced sensitivity and resolution. Solid-state NMR is better at detecting non-protonated carbon atoms and identifying heterogeneous regions within structures. EPR spectroscopy, on the other hand, offers significant advantages in experimental biochemistry due to its high sensitivity and ability to provide detailed information about substances containing free radicals (FRs), aiding in the assessment of their reactivity and transformations. Understanding the FR structure in biopolymers can help to study the formation and transformation of SOM. The integration of two- and three-dimensional NMR spectroscopy with other analytical methods, such as chromatography, mass spectrometry, etc., provides a more comprehensive approach to deciphering the complex composition of SOM than one-dimensional techniques alone.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The reporting study by E. Lodygin was carried out within the scope of the research work of the Institute of Biology (No. 122040600023-8); E. Abakumov acknowledges Saint-Petersburg State University for a research project ID 93882802.

dc.publisher

value: Agronomy

dc.subject

value: humic substances

value: organic fertilizers

value: NMR spectroscopy

value: EPR spectroscopy

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Polyakov, Vyacheslav

value: Nizamutdinov, Timur

value: Abakumov, Evgeny

dc.identifier.citation

value: Polyakov, V.; Nizamutdinov, T.; Abakumov, E. Molecular Composition of Humic Acids of Different Aged Fallow Lands and Soils of Different Types of Use in Northwest of Russia. Agronomy 2024, 14, 996. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14050996

dc.description.abstract

value: Post-agrogenic transformation of fallow soils leads to changes in soil carbon content, the molecular composition of humic substances, and rates of organic matter stabilization, which can affect climate change on the planet. In this regard, we analyzed the molecular composition of humic acids isolated from natural and fallow soils in the southern Taiga zone of northwest Russia. Different-aged soils on fallow lands represent a model of soil transformation in time, and data on the transformation of soil humic acid molecular composition make a significant contribution to the understanding of soil organic matter stabilization aspect issues. In this case, the molecular structure of humic acids isolated from natural and fallow soils in northwest Russia was analyzed. To study the molecular composition of HAs, the elemental composition was analyzed, and 13C (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy of HAs isolated from different aged abandoned soils and soils of different types of use was carried out. The obtained data showed that with the increasing age of soils in the fallow state, there is an increase in the carbon content of humic acids as well as a decrease in nitrogen content. As a result of the increasing age of soils in the fallow state, there are dynamics in the content of aromatic structural fragments in humic acids: 34% for 40 years old, 28% for 80 years old, and 31% for 120 years old. This is due to changes in the precursors of humification and the further transformation of plant residues in the soil. Re-involved fallow land soils lead to an increase in the content of aromatic structural fragments in the composition of HA in relation to HA extracted from mature soils. The lowest content of aromatic structural fragments was observed in the humic acids of 130-year-old agricultural soil, which is associated with the long-term application of organic fertilizers.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation in accordance with the agreement from 20 April 2023 № 23-16-20003 and the Saint-Petersburg Scientific Foundation in accordance with the agreement from 5 May 2023 № 23-16-20003.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: 13C NMR spectroscopy

value: boreal zone

value: fallow agrosoil

value: arable lands

value: Podzol


title: Supplimentary material on “Dynamically stable partitions in networks with the costs dependent on neighborhood composition”

dc.contributor.author

value: Sun, Ping

value: Parilina, Elena

dc.description.abstract

value: Supplimentary material on paper "Dynamically stable partitions in networks with the costs dependent on neighborhood composition”

dc.title

value: Working Paper


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ  по договору № 01/1-54-986-СПбГУ от 25.03.2024

dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: договор

value: смысл

value: содержание

value: полнообъёмность

value: всесторонность

dc.type

value: Other

filename: 01-1-39-6545_compressed л.pdf


title: Интервью с А.А. Ковалевым

dc.contributor.author

value: Мамаюсупова, Парвина

dc.description.abstract

value: Интервью с А.А. Ковалевым

dc.title

value: Интервью с А.А. Ковалевым

value: Recording, oral

description: Версия без цензуры

filename: Интервью с А.А. Ковалевым. Версия без мата.MP3

filename: Ковалев А.А._Интервью_11.04.2024.docx


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

dc.subject

value: госорганы

value: МВД России

value: информационный материал

value: высказывания

value: неуважение к обществу

value: оскорбление религиозных чувств верующих


title: Реализация традиционных российских духовно-нравственных ценностей в правовой системе

dc.contributor.author

value: Алексеенко, Александр Петрович

value: Архипов, Владислав Владимирович

value: Белов, Сергей Александрович

value: Кондуров, Вячеслав Евгеньевич

dc.description.abstract

value:
В ноябре 2022 года Указом Президента Российской Федерации №809 были утверждены Основы государственной политики по сохранению и укреплению традиционных российских духовно-нравственных ценностей. Этот Указ можно рассматривать как один стратегических документов, определяющих, в соответствии с конституционными полномочиями Президента, основные направления государственной политики. Среди положений этого Указа (п.5 Основ) содержится перечень традиционных российских духовно-нравственных ценностей. Реализация положений Указа предполагается не только в сфере культуры или экономики, но в правовой сфере, о чем уже неоднократно заявлял Министр юстиции РФ К.А. Чуйченко. По поручению заместителя Председателя Правительства РФ Д.Н. Чернышенко Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет сформировал Консорциум научных и образовательных учреждений для оценки реализации описанных в Основах ценностей в положениях действующего законодательства.
Такая реализация подразумевает выявление и оценку тех ценностей, которые стоят за правовыми институтами нормами, принципами и сопоставление их с традиционными духовно-нравственными ценностями, обозначенными в Указе. Для осуществления этой работы сами ценности, определенные в Указе, требуют описания и конкретизации применительно к тому, как они должны отражаться в праве.
В настоящей статье представлена попытка описания общего содержания и особенностей правовой реализации тех ценностей, которые определены Указом Президента.

dc.type

value: Article

filename: Традиц ценности в праве.docx


dc.contributor.author

value: Abakumov, Evgeny

value: Nizamutdinov, Timur

value: Zhemchueva, Darya

value: Suleymanov, Azamat

value: Shevchenko, Evgeny

value: Koptseva, Elena

value: Kimeklis, Anastasiia

value: Polyakov, Vyacheslav

value: Novikova, Evgenia

value: Gladkov, Grigory

value: Andronov, Evgeny

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abakumov, E.;  Nizamutdinov, T.; Zhemchueva, D.;  Suleymanov, A.; Shevchenko, E.;  Koptseva, E.; Kimeklis, A.; Polyakov,  V.; Novikova, E.; Gladkov, G.; et al.  The Characterization of Biodiversity  and Soil Emission Activity of the  “Ladoga” Carbon-Monitoring Site.  Atmosphere 2024, 15, 420

dc.description.abstract

value:
The global climate crisis forces mankind to develop carbon storage technologies. “La doga” carbon monitoring site is part of the Russian climate project “Carbon Supersites”, which aims
to develop methods and technologies to control the balance of greenhouse gases in various ecosys tems. This article shows the condition of soil and vegetation cover of the carbon polygon “Ladoga”
using the example of a typical southern taiga ecosystem in the Leningrad region (Russia). It is re vealed that soils here are significantly disturbed as a result of agrogenic impact, and the vegetation
cover changes under the influence of anthropogenic activity. It has been found that a considerable
amount of carbon is deposited in the soils of the carbon polygon; its significant part is accumulated
in peat soils (60.0 ± 19.8 kg × m−2 for 0–100 cm layer). In agrogenically disturbed and pristine soils,
carbon stocks are equal to 12.8 ± 2.9 kg × m−2 and 8.3 ± 1.3 kg × m−2 in the 0–100 cm layer, respectively.
Stocks of potentially mineralizable organic matter (0–10 cm) in peat soils are 0.48 ± 0.01 kg × m−2; in
pristine soils, it is 0.58 ± 0.06 kg × m−2. Peat soils are characterized by a higher intensity of carbon
mineralization 9.2 ± 0.1 mg × 100 g−1 × day−1 with greater stability. Carbon in pristine soils is miner alized with a lower rate—2.5 ± 0.2 mg × 100 g−1 × day−1. The study of microbial diversity of soils
revealed that the dominant phyla of microorganisms are Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobac teria; however, methane-producing Archaea—Euryarchaeota—were found in peat soils, indicating
their potentially greater emission activity. The results of this work will be useful for decision makers
and can be used as a reference for estimating the carbon balance of the Leningrad region and south ern taiga boreal ecosystems of the Karelian Isthmus.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The authors acknowledge Saint Petersburg State University for a research project 123042000071-8

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: Atmosphere

dc.subject

value: boreal ecosystems

value: carbon measurement supersites

value: soil and vegetation associations

value: SOC stock

value: soil carbon mineralization

value: soil microbiota


dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: госорганы

value: МВД России

value: информационный материал

value: признаки действий, направленных на возбуждение ненависти либо вражды

value: унижение достоинства человека или группы лиц

dc.title

value: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

value: Other


title: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ  по договору № 01/1-54-588-СПбГУ от 18.03.2024

dc.subject

value: договор

value: питьевая вода

value: скважина

value: Минусинский район

value: Красноярский край


dc.contributor.author

value: Abakumov, Evgeny

value: Makarova, Maria

value: Paramonova, Nina

value: Ivakhov, Viktor

value: Nizamutdinov, Timur

value: Polyakov, Vyacheslav

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abakumov, E.; Makarova, M.; Paramonova, N.; Ivakhov, V.; Nizamutdinov, T.; Polyakov, V. Carbon Fluxes from Soils of “Ladoga” Carbon Monitoring Site Leningrad Region, Russia. Atmosphere 2024, 15, 360.

dc.description.abstract

value:
For the first time, data on the emission of climate-active gases from soils of different types
of use of the south taiga sub-zone were obtained. Soils of the boreal belt are key elements of the global
carbon cycle. They determine the sink and emission of climate-active gases. Soils near large cities are
a major carbon sink, in the face of climate change, soils from sinks can become a source of carbon
and contribute significantly to climate change on the planet. Studies of FCO2 and FCH4 fluxes were
carried out on the territory of the monitoring site “Ladoga” located in the southern taiga subzone in
soils of land not used in agriculture, former agriculture lands, and wetlands. During the chamber
measurements, a portable gas analyzer GLA131-GGA (ABB, Canada) was used. The chamber was
placed on the soil, after which the concentration of CO2
, CH4 and H2O in the mobile chamber
was recorded. As a result of the study it was found that the lowest emission of carbon dioxide
is characteristic of soils developing on the soils of wetland and is 0.64 gCO2/(m2
*year). Which is
associated with a high degree of hydrophobicity of the territory and changes in the redox regime.
The highest emission of carbon dioxide is registered in soils on the land not used in agriculture and is
4.16 gCO2/(m2
*year). This is due to the formation of predominantly labile forms of carbon in the soil,
which can be relatively rapidly involved in the carbon cycle and affect the active emission of carbon
from the soil. According to the data obtained on FCH4 emission from soils, it was found that soils
of land not used in agriculture and former agriculture lands were net sinks, while soils of wetlands
were characterized by CH4 source, the emission was from 0.05 to 0.83 gCH4/(m2
*year). The results
obtained indicate spatial heterogeneity and changes in the carbon cycle within the monitoring site
“Ladoga”, which are due to the change of plant communities and habitat type. Monitoring the release
of important greenhouse gases in close proximity to major urban areas is an important task in the
face of predicted climate change and increasing rates of urbanization.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the project № 101662710 (GZ_MDF_2023-1) “From carbon
polygon to carbon regulation: potential and ways of development of sequestration carbon industry
on the territory of the Leningrad Region and St. Petersburg”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: Atmosphere

value: carbon stocks

value: boreal belt

value: plaggen podzol

dc.type

value: Article


dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: госорганы

value: МВД России

value: информационный материал

value: признаки намеренного распространения неподтвержденной информации

value: признаки донесения недостоверной информации под видом достоверных сведений

value: деловая репутация

value: честь и достоинство

dc.title

value: ЭКСПЕРТНОЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ по информационным материалам запроса ГУ МВД России по г. Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области (Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства)

value: Other


dc.description

value: Отдельные фрагменты исключены из текста опубликованного заключения в целях обеспечения соблюдения требований законодательства

dc.subject

value: информационный материал

value: признаки оправдания деяний

value: угрозы совершения действий

value: признаки побуждения к действиям

value: признаки возбуждения розни