dc.contributor.author

value: Aoqier, Alateng

value: Yakhontova, N. S.

value: Yampolskaya, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alateng Aoqier, Yakhontova N. S., Yampolskaya N. V. Oirat Manuscripts in the Cabinet for Collecting, Cataloguing and Publishing Old Books of Ethnic Minorities in Ürümqi. Part 2. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 1, pp. 71–84.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents a summary of the unpublished catalogue of Oirat manuscripts and xylographs
preserved at the Cabinet for Collecting, Cataloguing, and Publishing Old Books
of Ethnic Minorities, the National Affairs Committee of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous
Region (Ürümqi), compiled by the keeper of the collection Do. Galdan. The fund contains
around 400 books collected among the Mongolian population of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous
Region since 1984. The Catalogue compiled by Do. Galdan is a list of 397 entries
structured according to the order of shelfmarks: the items are neither classified by topic nor
indexed, which does not allow the search for a particular text inside the collection. Therefore,
classifying and grouping the items is the main task of this article. Its main focus is a thematic
index to the upcoming catalogue. The index is preceded by commentary that introduces the
classification of texts and notes the highlights of the collection. The texts were classified based
on their titles and the descriptions of their content provided by Do. Galdan in his draft catalogue.
The overall number of surviving Oirat manuscripts is limited, and the value of the materials
preserved in Ürümqi is beyond dispute. What makes this collection exceptional is its
local and popular character which reflects the tradition of text-related practices spread among
the Oirat population of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the 20th century.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research and CASS as part of research project
no. 20-512-93002 “Literature of the Clear Script as a cultural heritage of Russia and China”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 14; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Oirat literature

value: Clear Script

value: todo bičiq

value: Zaya paṇḍita

value: manuscript collection

value: ethnic minorities


dc.contributor.author

value: Lundysheva, Olga V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lundysheva O. V. Tocharian B Manuscripts of the St Petersburg (IOM RAS) Collection. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 1, pp. 85–95.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article provides information about the Tocharian B collection of the IOM RAS. It is a
unique collection of Tocharian B manuscripts in Russia. It includes 87 wooden tablets and
383 manuscript fragments. Due to historical circumstances, the collection was not put into
scholarly circulation. Only a few manuscripts have been introduced to the academic community,
although it would be hard to overestimate the importance of this collection for knowledge
of Tocharian palaeography and literature. The St Petersburg collection includes manuscript
fragments from all the Tarim sites where traces of the Tocharians were found. Moreover, they
are varied in scripts and content. There are fragments in archaic, middle, and late forms of the
so-called “North Turkestan Brāhmī” script in their calligraphic and cursive variations. Buddhist
texts are most numerous in terms of content. They include jātakas and avadānas, Āgamarelated
texts, Abhidharma and Vinaya texts, stotras, and other Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna texts.
The collection of documents on paper and wooden tablets is of special attractiveness as some
of the paper documents are complete folios. The article is mainly dedicated to the formation
of the collection. It also summarizes research already done to introduce the manuscripts to
the academic community. The references also provide a complete list of publications of the
collection materials.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Tocharian B

value: Serindian collection

value: Tocharian manuscript heritage

dc.type

value: Book

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Barsht, Konstantin A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Barsht K. A. On the interpretation of the soil concept in the works of the senior Slavophiles and in the socio-political program of F. M. Dostoevsky in the 1860–1870s. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2022, 19 (1): 4–28.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the genesis and internal structure of the “soil” concept in the works of
F. M. Dostoevsky and of various Slavophiles: A. S. Khomyakov, I. V. Kireevsky, Yu. F. Samarin,
and other writers in the sphere of Dostoevsky’s interests in 1850–1870: A. I. Herzen,
A. A. Grigoriev, N. N. Strakhov, Archimandrite Theodore (A. M. Bukharev), and others. The
author traces the conditions under which the magazine Vremya was created and explores why
the ideology of “pochvennichestvo” was unclear to the Russian public, including some of its
supporters (N. N. Strakhov). The author assumes that this idea can be traced from early letters
to brother Mikhail (1838), to the “Pushkin Speech” (1880), and to the novel The Brothers
Karamazov. The author criticizes claims about a new unwritten novel dedicated to the further
path of Alyosha Karamazov, where, according to the “Diary” of A. S. Suvorin, he would have
become a revolutionary. The author concludes that there is a deep unity linking Dostoevsky’s
ideal of “pochvennichestvo” and the root idea of his literary work, which can be defined as
mental searching for an answer to the question of the meaning of life, with the assertion of
a direct dependence between moral state of a human being and his religious — ontological
position.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation, project no.
18-18-00263 “Integrated automated database ‘United digital archive of manuscripts of F. M. Dostoevsky’”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 19; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: F. M. Dostoevsky

value: pochvennichestvo

value: Slavophiles and Westerners

value: moral and ontological status of human being

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kaninskaya, Galina N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kaninskaya G. N. “Europe. Ecology — the Greens”: Strategy of national and European identity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 45–63.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article analyzes reasons for the rise of the “green wave” in France at the national and European
elections, as well as the electoral strategy of the party “Europe. Ecology — the Greens”
during the presidency of E. Macron. The research purpose is to identify the relationship between
national and European strategies in the development of this French party. This dichotomy
already emerges from the peculiar spelling of the party’s name through a period and a
hyphen between three words, which should indicate two constituent bases of the party that
made an application for the upcoming presidential and parliamentary elections in France in
the spring of 2022. The author uses such methods such as general scientific logical methods,
comparative analysis, and a systematic approach, but primarily relies on a traditional historical
methodology that includes the historical-genetic method and criticism of sources. The
author comes to the following conclusions. First, the French “greens” have much more firmly
established their positions in the European Parliament, thanks to the initiatives of which many
programs on environmental problems are being implemented on a European scale. Second,
well-known French environmental activists often head various commissions in the European
Parliament for the development and adoption of laws in the field of “green economy”. Third,
the ambivalence of the “Europe. Ecology — the Greens” and fluctuations in its strategic course
along the line of “center-left/extreme left” impede the development of a clear national strategy.
Sympathy for the “greens” among the common people is hampered by their too left-liberal
slogans about tolerance towards immigrants and issues of national security, as well as in such
important societal issues as childbearing with the help of in vitro fertilization and surrogacy.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: environmentalists

value: the Greens

value: the party Europe. Ecology — the Greens

value: European elections

value: internal political struggle

value: goshism

value: sustainable development

value: ecological paradigm

value: left-wing political forces


dc.contributor.author

value: Molodychenko, Evgeni N.

value: Chernyavskaya, Valeria E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Molodychenko E. N., Chernyavskaya V. E. Representing the social through language: Theory and practice of sociolinguistics and discourse analysis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2022, 19 (1): 103–124.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reviews research traditions and new findings pertaining to the issue of ‘language in
society’ over the period from circa 2005 to 2020. Specifically, we discuss some of the tenets and
analytical toolkits of American and Western European traditions of sociolinguistics and linguistic
anthropology, as well as the strands of discourse analysis that integrate the former and/
or the latter into their theoretical framework. Such contemporary schools of thought are represented,
among others, by Michael Silverstein, Penelope Eckert, and Asif Agha in the USA,
by Mary Bucholtz, Kira Hall, and Nikolas Coupland in the UK, by Jan Blommaert in the Netherlands,
and by Jürgen Spitzmüller and Barbara Soukup in Austria. The topics and concepts
discussed in the article include social indexicality of linguistic signs, enacting social relations
between speakers, ethno-metapragmatics, and (social) styles. We begin with an overview of
the ‘third wave’ of sociolinguistics, which has been focused on exploring linguistic variation
as a medium used by individuals or groups for evoking or (re)constructing the ‘social world’.
It is discussed how sociality is being enacted by individuals, how semiotic ties are set between
a linguistic sign and social value, how persistent social attribution is created, and how all
these phenomena can be explored through analysis of indexical tokens and types. Indexicality
is seen here as the capacity of a (linguistic) sign to ‘point to’ a variable of the context of its
usage. Social indexicality is thus seen as evoking such social value as forms of identity and
communicative roles and social relations drawing on these forms. An overview of the history
of sociolinguistics also serves to illustrate the transformation of views on agentivity, identity,
and linguistic/semiotic objects: from the static view of identity as predefined by the social
structure and (passively) projected through various semiotic media, including language, to a
more perforative contemporary view of identity as (creatively) stylized in social encounters. It
is further contended that a crucial prerequisite for such stylization is the malleability and mutability
of social/indexical meanings, with so-called ethno-metapragmatics — reflexive activity
targeting said meanings and signs carrying them — being the process driving the change.
Finally, we show how these theories and methods can be traced to ideas expressed by Russian/
Soviet scholars of early and mid twentieth century.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number
20-112-50208.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 19; Issue 1

value: sociolinguistics third wave

value: social indexicality

value: metapragmatics

value: ethnometapragmatics

value: sociostyle


dc.contributor.author

value: Duryagin, Pavel V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Duryagin P. V. The phonetic realization of Russian pitch accents in contrastive questions and enumeration contexts. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2022, 19 (1): 81–102.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper presents the results of a phonetic experiment that compares the acoustic features
of rising pitch configurations used in contrastive questions and on non-last elements of a list
in enumeration contexts in Russian. 23 native Russian speakers were instructed to read aloud
pairs of stimuli with similar segmental structure embedded in larger texts. Significant differences
were found between the two syntactic context conditions. In enumeration contexts,
both local minima and maxima associated with the prominent syllable had a significantly earlier
and more stable alignment, and the slope of the rise between the tonal targets was steeper.
In addition, the effect of the speech rate on these acoustic features was tested. The effects of
fast and slow reading turned out to be asymmetric. In line with the segmental anchoring hypothesis,
no significant effect of fast speech rate on alignment and pitch range was found; only
the effect on slope was significant. Conversely, while reading the texts intentionally slowly,
the participants consistently used melodies with later alignment of local minima and maxima
and larger pitch range. On the one hand, these data can be indicative of the interchangeability
of stylistically marked pitch accent postulated for the incompleteness contexts in traditional
descriptions of Russian intonation. On the other hand, this interpretation cannot account for
the fact that the rightward shift in alignment in slow tempo was also found in the contrastive
question condition.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The paper was prepared in the framework of the project Dipartimento di Eccellenza, carried out in
the Department of Linguistics and Comparative Cultural Studies of the University of Ca’ Foscari.

value: phonetics

value: intonation

value: pitch accent

value: alignment

value: speech rate

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shmelev, Dmitry V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shmelev D. V. The extreme left and foreign policy: The “Altermondialist project” by J.-L. Mélenchon. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 31–44.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The constant presence of the extreme left in media space and its active political role in the life
of modern France contribute to the development and presentation of its own foreign policy
project to voters. One of its brightest representatives is the “La France insoumise” movement
and its leader J.-L. Mélenchon, author of several books, mastermind of the Internet platform
and personal blog, and presidential candidate. The program of “La France insoumise” is mainly
addressed to domestic political problems. However, it contains analyses and proposals about the most relevant aspects of foreign policy, combined under the conditional name “altermondialist
project.” In the foreign policy program of “La France insoumise,” three important aspects
can be distinguished, which this article explores: attitudes to the functioning and basic
principles of the European Union, geopolitics, and the place of France in the modern world,
“political Francophonie.” Attention to these problems stems from the specifics of left-wing
political culture, the traditional attention of the left to the problems of European integration,
colonialism, democracy, and human rights. At the same time, in Mélenchon’s program we
see references from the Gaullist heritage and foreign policy experience of the Fifth Republic.
Mélenchon’s “altermondialism” does not imply the renunciation of national sovereignty or the
nation-state, just as it recognizes the inevitability of globalization. In the spirit of the extreme
left, he criticizes its neoliberal version, offering his own version of world reconstruction. The
published policy documents and brochures of “La France insoumise,” as well as interviews and
reflections of its leader, allow us to build a complete picture of an alternative foreign policy
program of the extreme left, which was originally presented at the presidential elections in
2012 and 2017, and then, in an updated version, was prepared for the upcoming presidential
elections in 2022.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: France

value: foreign policy

value: La France insoumise

value: J.-L. Mélenchon

value: extreme left


dc.contributor.author

value: Chernova, Daria A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chernova D. A. Phonological and graphic representations of words in mental lexicon: Homophone processing while reading. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2022, 19 (1): 181–194.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article presents an experimental study of the role of phonological representation of the
word in lexical access during silent reading in Russian. The the phonological component
in reading (i. e. whether semantics can be accessed via phonological decoding or directly
from the orthographic image of the word) is actively discussed in modern psycholinguistics.
Homophones can serve as a testing ground for these hypotheses: if graphemes are decoded
into phonemes in silent reading in order to access semantics, then homophones will be
processed like homonyms, but if semantics are accessed directly from the visual representation
of the word, then homophones can be treated as all other orthographic neighbors. We address
Russian homophones in order to investigate this question. In a self-paced reading experiment,
we show that if a target word is substituted either by a homophone or a spelling control (an
orthographic neighbor), semantic incongruence slows down the processing of the post-target
region. We show that both homophones and spelling controls cause this processing load, and
homophony does not facilitate the processing of semantically incongruent word. Our data
give evidence for direct visual access to entries in mental lexicon as dual-route model predicts
for experienced readers.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project number 18-00-00640).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 19; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: mental lexicon

value: homophony

value: silent reading


dc.contributor.author

value: Nikolaeva, Julia

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nikolaeva Ju. Russia and France: Features of cultural dialogue at the beginning of the 21st century. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, pp. 105– 120.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article investigates contemporary Russian and French cultural relations and peculiarities
and new formats of cultural interaction between Russia and France. At the beginning of the
21st century, the cultural contacts of these countries were enriched by new interesting forms
based on two basic principles: the scale of the event and the dialog principle of its organization.
These two new principles could not be better embodied in such a new form of cultural
exchange as cultural cross-years, which since 2010 have been regularly included in cultural
exchanges between Russia and France. Russia and France have successfully held a cross-year
of cultural, linguistic, and literary exchanges, as well as cultural tourism, regional cooperation,
etc. Along with the emergence of new forms of Russian and French cultural ties at the
beginning of the 21st century, there is a noticeable expansion of their actors, primarily due
to the involvement of civil society, regions, and public organizations in the dialog. These actors
conduct much work aimed at the decentralization of cultural ties, allowing them to actively
develop in the extra-state plane. New ideas are also emerging, such as the twinning not
only cities, but also of individual cultural monuments. The pandemic has brought many novel
forms and ideas related to the organization of cultural events based on digital, remote, and
online technologies into Russian and French cultural ties. This allowed Russia and France to
keep cultural ties without significant losses and developing communication under quarantine
restrictions. The conclusions drawn by the author of the article allow us to state that sanctions
and political differences have not seriously affected Russian and French cultural ties. They
proved resilient when faced with the serious challenges brought by the 21st century.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Russia

value: international relations

value: culture

value: Russian-French cultural relations

value: foreign cultural policy

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sebryuk, Anna N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sebryuk A. N. The legacy of Sea Island Creole English: Sociolinguistic features of Gullah. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2022, 19 (1): 195–209.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper builds on the renewed interest in preserving the multiethnic origins of the United
States and recognizing a profound impact of the Black experience on the American nation.
The article centers on the Gullah language, one of the primary roots of modern African American
English and the only remaining English-related Creole language in North America. The
pidgin language, which originally evolved as a medium of communication between slaves
from various regions of Africa and their owners, is still spoken by Black communities across
coastal regions of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. While inland African American English
(AAE) has received much attention in linguistic circles over past decades, relatively little
research has been done on varieties of AAE spoken in the rural American South. The purpose
of this paper is to re-examine the origin and history of Gullah and to present a linguistic description
of its most peculiar features. The Gullah language represents a combination of English
and Central and West African languages. Geographical isolation, predominance of the
Black population, and social and economic independence contributed to its development and
survival. Also, in contrast with inland African Americans, the Gullah Geechee communities
historically have had little contact with whites. Several folktales written in Gullah have been
analyzed for discussing its persistent patterns. Characterizing Gullah is important for our increased
understanding of the origins of AAE. Therefore, the article will be useful for scholars
interested in Atlantic creoles and in African American and Diaspora Studies.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: African American English

value: Africanisms in Gullah

value: Atlantic pidgins and creoles

value: English-based creoles

value: language contacts


dc.contributor.author

value: Krasheninnikova, Nina A.

value: Trikoz, Elena N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krasheninnikova, Nina A., Elena N. Trikoz. 2022. “Criminal protection of women’s rights in India: History and modernity”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 230–245.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the unique criminal law model of India, a hybrid combination of principles and institutions
of the three legal systems, one of the most odious crimes involves encroaching on the honor,
dignity, and sexual integrity of a woman. The authors aim to analyze the criminological principles
of the scale and simultaneous latency of violent sexual crimes in India. Cultural and civilizational
incentives for the prevalence of rape have been identified, including the historical
practice of male polygamy, early child marriage, subordination of a woman in the family, her
domestic retreat and “eternal widowhood”, as well as a “gender imbalance” and girls’ infanticide
in traditional Hindu families. From the point of view of the systematics of crimes, Indian
criminologists distinguish more than ten different categories of “feminine torts”, including
sexual assault, are classified as a group of “crimes of passion” (Articles 354, 375–376, 509 of
the Indian Penal Code 1860). From the point of view of elemental composition of rape, the objective
test is dominant (peno-vaginal penetration) and consists of six alternative conditions
of a constitutive element “women’s consent”. The recent innovations in the IPC 1860, which
expanded the definition of rape and legalized the concept of “custodial rape” from the judicial
practice (Tukaram v. State of Muharashtra 1978), as a special composition of sexual violence
using official position. There is a significant expansion of the legislative definition of “violence
against women” in the family and at office, as well as the toughening of punishments for violent
acts against women, up to the expansion of the grounds for the use of the death penalty.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

value: common law

value: Hindu law

value: precedent

value: codification

value: women’s rights

value: gender

value: rape

value: criminal liability

value: death penalty


dc.contributor.author

value: Lebedeva, Irina A.

value: Kryukov, Evgeny V.

value: Tsygan, Vasily N.

value: Partsernyak, Alexander S.

value: Magradze, Guram N.

value: Ustyuzhaninov, Vitaly S.

value: Ayvazyan, Bella G.

value: Partsernyak, Sergey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lebedeva I. A., Kryukov E. V., Tsygan V. N., Partsernyak A. S., Magradze G. N., Ustyuzhanin V. S., Ayvazyan B. G., Partsernyak S. A. Evaluation of the cytokine profile and vascular elasticity in middle-aged men with essential hypertension and combined pathology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2021, vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 234–245.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The diagnosis and management of patients with polymorbid cardiovascular pathology is a
significant challenge. The pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases, such as arterial hypertension,
coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, as well as diabetes mellitus, obesity and
dyslipidemia are associated with systemic inflammation. The inflammatory process, both at
the systemic and local levels, can make a significant contribution to the progression of atherosclerosis
and endothelial dysfunction, and provoke the destabilization of blood pressure.
Therefore, it is important to develop new approaches to the identification of patients with
polymorbid pathology and chronic inflammatory processes in the body. It is known that the
presence of the oral cavity inflammation increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Periodontal
pathology, leading to an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, affects
the initiation of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, vasospasm, and blood pressure dysregulation.
It can be assumed that the oral cavity inflammatory processes against the arterial
hypertension increase the probability of early vascular aging, the overall cardiovascular risk,
and also increase the chance of other diseases of the cardiological profile The research subject
was to determine the vascular elasticity parameters and the dynamics of blood pressure daily
profile, as well as the level of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in persons
with arterial hypertension, considering the presence of inflammatory processes in the oral
cavity. The structure of comorbidity and a number of laboratory and instrumental data of
middle-aged men with arterial hypertension in combination with periodontitis were analyzed
in comparison with patients with arterial hypertension without periodontitis and healthy volunteers
of the same age. A correlation was shown between the periodontal inflammation level
in men with arterial hypertension and the polymorbid cardiovascular pathology presence (diabetes
mellitus, dyslipidemia, anxiety and depressive disorders, coronary heart disease, signs
of left ventricular hypertrophy by ECG, high ankle-brachial index as a marker of peripheral
atherosclerosis), significant variability in blood pressure, an altered cytokine profile with a predominance of pro-inflammatory cytokines, an increase in “vascular age” on the ASCORE
scale, and increased vascular stiffness, assessed by 24-hour blood pressure monitoring using
the “VasotensOffice” program.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 16; Issue 4

value: blood vessels elasticity

value: blood pressure variability

value: arterial hypertension

value: cytokines

value: periodontitis

value: polymorbidity

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Nizamov, Viacheslav U.

value: Egerev, Ivan M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nizamov, Viacheslav U., Ivan M. Egerev. 2022. “Trends in the use of tactical techniques in the preliminary investigation”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 70–82.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article deals with the implementation of achievements of criminalistic tactics in investigative
activities, which find their expression in the developed tactical techniques for the production
of certain investigative actions. Tactical techniques have been the subject of research
for a long time yet while there is still no single approach to this category. In particular, there
is no uniformity in proposed definitions of this concept, criteria for its admissibility, etc. It is
noted that in forensic science, a fairly large number of different grounds for classifying tactical
techniques have been proposed. One of the most common grounds for dividing tactical
techniques is such a feature as the applied type of special sciences that were used in their
development. In the classification according to the specified criterion, special attention is paid
to tactical and psychological techniques, that is, based on provisions of psychology. Taking
into account the fact that a number of tactical and psychological techniques are enshrined in
the current criminal procedure legislation, it becomes necessary to develop recommendations
that take into account their psychological content. Only if this condition is met will the established
goals of criminal proceedings be attainable. The features of the use of tactical and psychological
techniques during interrogation, face-to-face confrontation, and presentation for
identification are considered. Such features, among other things, are due to the need to ensure
the protection of the rights and freedoms of participants in criminal proceedings. Deviations
from forensic recommendations are indicated, when the available tactical and psychological
techniques remain unrealized due to the applied formal approach.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: interrogation

value: forensic tactics

value: classification of tactical techniques

value: confrontation

value: preliminary investigation

value: presentation for identification

value: investigative action

value: tactical and psychological technique

value: tactical technique


dc.contributor.author

value: Dolzhikova, Anna E.

value: Sembekova, Bakitkul R.

value: Yasin, Melikşah

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dolzhikova, Anna E., Bakitkul R. Sembekova, Melikşah Yasin. 2022. “Regulation of the use of big data in the Republic of Korea and Russia”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 246–256.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Modern innovations driven by big data processing technologies are increasingly in conflict
with international principles for protecting personal information and call into question the
effectiveness and adequacy of existing legal mechanisms for protecting confidentiality of personal
information. The relevance of the problem under study is due to the insufficient development
of theoretical and methodological aspects of legal regulation of big data in the Russian
Federation and the need to implement positive foreign experiences for building a mechanism
for legal regulation of this institution. The purpose of the essay is to study the positive experience
of legal regulation of the use of big data in the Republic of Korea for its implementation in
Russian legislation. The leading method for studying this problem is a comparative legal one,
which allows the authors to formulate proposals for improving domestic legislation. The study
led to the following conclusion. The main area for improvement the legal regulation of the
processes of using big data are: the right of users to access their data and check the activities of
companies with them, the right to stop using and further delete data, the right to change data,
the right to data portability. The study revealed that the Korean experience shows the need to
expand the processing and use of personal data, which in turn contributes to the wider use of
big data. The study will allow, based on foreign experience, to create an effective Russian system
of legal regulation of big data. The novelty and originality of the study lies in the fact that
it was the first to study the experience of the legislator of the Republic of Korea in this area.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: foreign experience

value: legal regulation

value: big data

value: implementation

value: personal data

value: automated processing


dc.contributor.author

value: Nogina, Oksana A.

value: Ovsyannikov, Sergey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nogina, Oksana A., Sergey V. Ovsyannikov. 2022. “Protecting the legitimate expectations of the taxpayer in the context of the operation and application of anti-avoidance rules: Balancing private and public interests”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 83–106.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes General and Special Anti-Avoidance Rules of national and international
law. The authors investigate the correlation between General and Special Anti-Avoidance
Rules established in Russian tax legislation, and also determine the place of judicial doctrines
and official interpretations of legislative anti-avoidance rules in the mechanism of law enforcement.
Given the multiplicity of legal prescriptions, judicial positions and interpretation acts,
a sequence of application of legal provisions in the resolution of litigation is being developed.
The correlation of international anti-avoidance rules with the rules of Russian tax legislation
is established, indicating the dominant role of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian
Federation and legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in
the system of anti-avoidance orders, including international treaties. A system and hierarchy
of anti-avoidance norms are proposed. Special attention is paid to the study of the principle
of protection by taxpayers of their legitimate expectations as a guarantee of ensuring private
interest in the field of tax relations. The exercise by taxpayers of the right to protect their legitimate
expectations is viewed in the context of their obtaining a reasonable tax benefit. A study
of tax calculation methods, including the calculation method used to determine the amount
of tax benefit in the context of taxpayers’ protection of their legitimate expectations to reduce
tax burden, is conducted. The idea is expressed about the need to legislatively recognize the
taxpayer’s right to independently use the tax calculation method, especially in unforeseen
circumstances. The judicial approach is supported that the protection of property tax consequences
expected as a result of completed transactions can be conducted in court, based on
the initial legal expectations, despite the taxpayer’s compliance with the instructions of the tax
authority to pay arrears, penalties and fines.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: tax evasion

value: anti-avoidance tax rules

value: double taxation

value: legitimate taxpayer expectations

value: tax planning

value: tax benefit

value: unreasonable tax benefit

value: calculation method

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Afanasyev, Alexey Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Afanasyev, Alexey Yu. 2022. “Methodological basis for criminal procedure researches”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 46–69.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Modern criminal procedure science contains many outstanding issues, both theoretical and
methodological. To date, the methodology of criminal procedure research, and in general the
whole of criminal procedure science, remains unrecognized. Most procedural scientists have
little focus in research, both in the object and subject of the study, and in the methodological
basis. The main difficulties are caused by incorrect understanding of the methodology of
the study. The existing in the field work of criminal procedure confirms not only the narrow
approach in the understanding of methodology, but also the error in the interpretation and
application of scientific knowledge methods. This situation is mainly based on the lack of formalization
of methods of criminal procedure science and limited intra-scientific reflection. In
this regard, it is necessary to reassess established methodological values and traditions and to
offer a reasoned view of the methodology of criminal procedure science. The article provides
an idea of the methodology of science and undertakes a critical analysis of the methodological
basis of research in criminal procedure science. As a result of the audit, the author’s proposals
are formulated on the universal scheme of methodology and system of methods of criminal
procedure study, as well as the logical stages of criminal procedure study. The author concludes
that it is necessary to understand methodology as a way to obtain scientific knowledge,
as a result of intrascientific reflection on the organization of their own scientific activities, the
universality of popular and private scientific methods of research and their replenishment by
criminal procedure science. In addition, the conclusion is made on the scientific nature of
the criminal procedure field of knowledge. The proposals in the article may form the basis of
further developments in the field of criminal proceedings and may also serve as recommendations
in the formulation of the methodological basis for research.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: methodology

value: criminal procedure science

value: criteria of science

value: methods of research

value: scientific knowledge

value: patterns

value: reflection


dc.contributor.author

value: Mosechkin, Ilya N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mosechkin, Ilya N. 2022. “Criminal liability for organizing a stable group of persons aimed at committing crimes in the field of computer information”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 28–45.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes legal problems arising in connection with the establishment of criminal liability
for organizing a stable group of persons for committing crimes in the field of computer
information. The urgency of this topic is due to the negative dynamics of crimes associated
with computer technology and committed by criminal communities or organizations as well
as the constant growth of damage from them. The author evaluates the current criminal law
measures to counter organized cybercrime, identifying their shortcomings. The provisions of
domestic and foreign criminal legislation were analyzed, which made it possible to identify
some legal gaps and identify ways to overcome them. The article proves that the Criminal
Code of the Russian Federation does not fully cover cases of the creation of organized criminal
groups aimed at committing illegal activities in the field of computer information. In particular,
responsibility is not differentiated between a group of persons by prior conspiracy and an
organized group; the category of crimes and the absence of the purpose of making profit do
not allow qualifying the act as committed by a criminal community or a criminal organization.
It is advisable to recognize the very fact of the creation of illegal organized formations
as a separate tort, as is done in the legislation of individual countries of the “common law”
legal family, as well as in domestic norms regulating countering terrorism and extremism.
It is proposed to include in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation a norm providing
for responsibility for organizing a stable group of persons aimed at committing crimes in the
field of computer information. The wording of the corresponding article has been formulated,
which can be used as a recommendation when improving legislation.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

value: computer information

value: computer crime

value: organized group

value: criminal community

value: cybercrime

value: public safety


dc.contributor.author

value: Nakhova, Elena A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nakhova, Elena A. 2022. “The comparative analysis of the law of evidence in civil proceedings in France and Russia”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 257–270.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the problems of the legal nature and legislative consolidation of norms of
evidentiary law in France and Russia. The author claims that it is more optimal to consolidate
norms of proof and evidence in evidentiary law of Russia. At the same time, Russian theory
of evidence needs radical reform. The legal approach to the concept of proof in legislation of
Russia and France is differentiated. In French evidentiary law, the ranking of evidence is legally
fixed, which cannot be recognized as dignity. However, legal norms regarding some means of
proof are sufficiently developed. The means of proof, which are outdated as legislation and
judicial practice, are still fixed. At the same time, the legal regulation of electronic evidence has
been sufficiently developed, which can be recognized as an advantage of French evidentiary
law. Russian evidentiary law does not provide for legal regulation of electronic evidence as
an independent means of proof. The following areas of improvement of Russian evidentiary
law are highlighted: improvement of the theory of proof, optimization and unification of the
legal regulation of the rules of evidence, reception of effective means of regulation from the
evidentiary law of foreign countries, and detailed legal regulation of individual means of proof.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: French civil proceedings

value: the Russian civil proceedings

value: Russian procedural legislation

value: French procedural legislation

value: the concept of reforming civil procedural legislation

value: evidentiary law

value: proof and evidence

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lener, Raffaele

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lener, Raffaele. 2022. “Cryptocurrencies and crypto-assets in the Italian and EU perspective”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 219–229.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides a first critical exam of the approach taken by EU Regulators and Courts
regarding cryptoactivities. The purpose of this analysis is to see if a new European regulation
on “encrypted” financial services will really be born. The analysis begins with the definition
and regulation of Cryptocurrencies, the best of which are probably found in the opinions
of supervisory and regulatory bodies. Italian courts dealing with this difficult subject show
uncertainty among assets (beni), money (valuta), and financial products. Today the reflection
of both Regulators and Courts is expanding from cryptocurrencies to the wider and even more
indefinite area of the so-called crypto-assets. In this regard, the most recent and important
element is given by the European Commission Proposal of September 24, 2020, concerning
regulation of crypto-asset markets (Regulation on Markets in Crypto-assets, MiCA). The
proposed regulation should apply to crypto-asset issuers, as well as to providers of crypto-asset
services on the territory of the European Union. Also in this case, the definition of “cryptoasset”
is crucial. New rules provide a fairly generic definition as “digital representations of
value or rights that can be transferred or stored electronically using distributed ledger or
similar technologies”. To obviate the vagueness of the definition, the only possibility seems
to be moving by subtraction, i. e., listing a series of “tools” to which the proposed regulation
does not apply, even though these may fall, in theory, in the broad definition of “crypto-asset”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: financial markets

value: cryptocurrencies

value: crypto-assets

value: financial instruments

value: financial products

value: blockchain

value: distributed ledger technology

value: smart contracts

value: token

value: investor protection


dc.contributor.author

value: Filipova, Irina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Filipova, Irina A. 2022. “Artificial Intelligence Strategy and consequences of its implementation for labour law”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 5–27.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The rapid development of artificial intelligence in recent years has necessitated the legal
regulation of new phenomena related to the introduction of artificial intelligence in practice. Scientists and politicians raised questions about the development of artificial intelligence,
and about the formulation of principles and basic conditions for minimizing risks of
developing artificial intelligence in the future. This discussion led to the adoption of Artificial
Intelligence Strategies in countries that are leaders in economic development and countries
seeking leadership, including in Russia. The Russian Artificial Intelligence Strategy for the
period up to 2030 indicates development goals and the need to carry out a set of coordinated
actions, including in the field of legal regulations. This Strategy involves major changes that
will affect the production and services sectors, which will inevitably affect the organization
of wage labor. This article presents an analysis of the provisions of this Strategy and similar
foreign acts, which allows identification of key factors that can affect the transformation of
the world of work and compel changes in legal regulation. This study was carried out using
the following methods: formal-logical, comparative-legal methods of analysis and synthesis,
methods of legal modelling and legal forecasting. The results of the study provide insights into
the increasing impact of artificial intelligence technologies on the work environment, on the
content of labor relations, and about the need to revise some norms of labor law to adapt it to
changing reality.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research according to the research
project No. 19-011-00320.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: artificial intelligence

value: legal regulation

value: wage labour

value: worker

value: employer

value: profession

value: robot

value: workforce

value: data mining


dc.contributor.author

value: Abashidze, Aslan Kh.

value: Chernykh, Irina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abashidze, Aslan Kh., Irina A. Chernykh. 2022. “United States policy and legislation on the exploration of natural resources of celestial bodies (international legal aspects)”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 158–180.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The present article attempts to integrate and comprehensively analyze the main stages in the
formation and development of the U. S. policy and legislation on the use of outer space, including
the Moon and other celestial bodies. In connection with recent announcements — the
new lunar space program “Artemis” launched by NASA in May 2019, negotiations on bilateral
“Artemis Accords” with potential partners in May 2020 (concluded by the U. S. with several
states in October 2020), and Donald Trump’s Executive Order on Encouraging International
Support for the Recovery and Use of Space Resources — the article focuses on U. S. policy and
legislation in the light of the principles and norms enshrined in the following space treaties:
the Outer Space Treaty, 1967 (main space treaty), and the Moon Agreement, 1979. The authors,
using historical-legal, formal-legal, and comparative legal methods, show the changing
position of the U. S. taken by their delegation during the drafting of the aforementioned international
treaties, and the U. S. authorities’’ constant adjustment of their national policy and
legislation on the exploration of space and its natural resources. To clarify the initial U. S. position
on key aspects, the authors refer to the travaux préparatoires of both the Outer Space
Treaty, 1967, and “uncertainty” (according to the U. S. authorities, which had been the active
drafter at the time) of the Moon Agreement, 1979. Condensed opinions of leading space experts
and famous researchers on international space law are submitted in the article resulting
for the authors in: U. S. pursue destructive policy aiming at undermining enshrined in the
Outer Space Treaty, 1967, fundamental basis of international space law.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article is published in the framework of the grants of the President of the Russian Federation
for state support of young Russian scientists — candidates of science (Competition — MK–2021) project
“Problems of the exploration and utilization (including exploitation) of space resources: international legal
and comparative legal analysis” МК-2118.2021.2. This paper has been supported by the RUDN University
Strategic Academic Leadership Program.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: United States space policy

value: United States space legislation

value: common heritage of mankind

value: space resources

value: international space law

value: exploitation of lunar resources

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Alyakin, Dmitry S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alyakin, Dmitry S. 2022. “Good faith performance of contractual obligations under Russian law”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 107–124.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper examines the implementation of the good faith performance of contractual obligations
under Russian law, and identifies requirements addressed to parties in this area. The
relevance of the paper stems from the increasing Russian legislator’s attention to extending
the application of good faith in civil circulation, including the performance of obligations. The
research aim is to examine the nature of good faith performance of obligations. The research
material was the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Russian jurisprudence, and domestic
authors’ studies in the field of civil law. The methodological basis consisted of general scientific
(analysis, synthesis, analogy) and special legal methods (comparative-legal, formal-logical,
systemic, structural-functional methods, and a method of interpretation). It is justified that
the principle of good faith, being a general principle of the Russian Civil Law, is implemented,
in particular, in the field of performance of obligations. The implementation of this principle
regulated by legal norms ensures a balance between the interests of a creditor and debtor,
allows achieving the result implied and pursued by the law, and maintains the stability of
civil circulation. It seems appropriate to consider good faith in doing business, cooperation
between parties, and cost-effective performance as requirements contributing to the understanding
and achieving goals and objectives of the principle of good faith in relation to the
performance of obligations. It is important to continue working on the formation of a uniform
approach to the implementation of the listed requirements in the mentioned field by improving
the existing legal regulation. The effectiveness of this process will contribute to increasing
the level of judicial discretion within the established limits and will allow to guide parties in patterns of conduct aimed at achieving objectives of obligations, in other words, their due
performance.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: performance of obligations

value: contractual obligation

value: good faith principle

value: fair dealing

value: cooperation

value: cost-effectiveness

value: Russian law

value: civil law


dc.contributor.author

value: Davydova, Irina A.

value: Korobova, Irina N.

value: Siryakov, Alexey N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Davydova, Irina A., Irina N. Korobova, Alexey N. Siryakov. 2022. “Rights of convicted person in forced feeding: National and international approaches”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 142–157.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A common form of prison protests is the hunger strike. There is often a conflict between the
rights of the person who refuses to eat and the obligation of the penal system to ensure the
health and life of the convicted person by artificial feeding in such situations. International
legal standards require medical professionals to respect the patient’s autonomy. Informed consent
to medical care must be obtained prior to medical intervention. In emergency circumstances,
when a person’s life or health is threatened, the doctor must act in accordance with his
understanding of the patient’s interests. Artificial feeding should be carried out by appropriate
means, as provided for in the General rules on medical care, and should never cause harm or
humiliation. There are no detailed rules on artificial feeding in Russian legislation. In order
to improve the procedure for applying forced nutrition to convicts, it is advisable to divide it
into four stages, each of which has its own borders and a certain area of legal relations: making
a decision to transfer the convict to a separate room; conducting basic verification actions; force-feeding the convict; taking measures for refusing to eat and committing other violations.
The example of Spain clearly demonstrates how the lack of clear legal regulations led to the
resolution of the issue of artificial feeding at the level of the constitutional court. The court
noted that convicts who refuse to eat do not have the right to die, and not the prison administration
imposed a duty to preserve health and life. At the same time, artificial feeding cannot
be considered as a violation of physical and moral integrity, much less as torture, inhuman or
degrading treatment.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

value: rights of convicts

value: international legal standards

value: compulsory food

value: artificial feeding

value: penal legislation

value: Spanish law

value: practice of the Constitutional Court of Spain


dc.contributor.author

value: Zavgorodniy, Alexander V.

value: Akhmatshina, Enesh K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zavgorodniy, Alexander V., Enesh K. Akhmatshina. 2022. “Characteristics and problems of the termination of the employment relationship with the teaching staff for committing immoral act or harassment”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 271–288.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the process of carrying out their professional activities, pedagogical workers are assigned
special responsibility for the spiritual, moral, and patriotic education of students The Federal
Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” defines “upbringing” as an activity aimed at
personal development, creating conditions for self-determination, and socialization of a student
on the basis of socio-cultural, spiritual, and moral values and socially accepted rules and
norms of behavior in the interests of the person, family, society, and the state. This article summarizes
basic requirements and restrictions on persons applying for teaching posts. The circle of persons who can be dismissed for committing immoral misconduct is determined. Issues
related to the definition of immoral misconduct and harassment are considered. Peculiarities
and problems of the termination of labor relations with a pedagogical worker for committing
immoral misconduct incompatible with the continuation of pedagogical work (paragraph 8 of
part 1 of Article 81 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) are considered. Attention is
also drawn to peculiarities of dismissing a teacher for his application, including one-time, of
the method of education associated with physical and (or) psychological violence against the
student’s personality (Clause 2 of Article 336 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
The relevance of the topic raised by the author, on the one hand, is determined by considerable
scholarly interest, and on the other hand, is of great practical importance in determining
the procedure for terminating labor relations with teachers for committing an immoral misconduct.
However, a comprehensive study on this topic by legal scholars in recent years has
practically not been conducted.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: disciplinary liability

value: dismissal

value: morality

value: immoral misconduct

value: harassment

value: teachers

value: education

dc.type

value: Animation


dc.contributor.author

value: Pogosyan, Ekaterina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pogosyan, Ekaterina V. 2022. “Concept and special features of proving in notarial activities”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 125–141.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines some problems related to proof in notarial activities and substantiates
the relevance of those provisions of legislation for strengthening the role of the notary in
the process of proof by introducing categories of limits and standards in notarial activities.
The establishment of limits of notarial proof increases the meaning of certain clauses of the
agreement (what exactly was checked and proved by the notary) and serves as the basis for an
adequate solution to the issue of evidentiary value of the notarial deed, reflecting the results
of the explanatory and verification activities of the notary. In the subject of proof in notarial proceedings, it is proposed to include documents, information, and statements containing
information on the presence or absence of certain facts of legal significance necessary for the
performance of a notarial act. Examining certain provisions of notary legislation, the author
concludes that there exists a presumption in the notarial process that should be understood as
provisions according to which a particular fact is considered unproven if a significant violation
of the notarial form is committed. Based on examples from judicial and notarial practice,
it is concluded that the main task of legal regulation of the procedure of notarial proof is to
create conditions for a comprehensive establishment by a notary of the circumstances that
took place in the relationship between the parties to notarial proceedings in order to eliminate
subjective factors associated with the peculiarities of perception of the same type of legal relationship
by subjects with different levels of psychological perception.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: notary

value: proofs

value: proving

value: subject of proof

value: limits of proof

value: standard of proof

value: principles of proof

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Jia, Shaoxue

value: Li, Yao

dc.identifier.citation

value: Jia Shaoxue, Li Yao. 2022. “Prosecutor’s participation in civil and administrative proceedings in defense of public interests in the China”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 206–218.

dc.description.abstract

value:
With the rapid development of the economy, violations of public interest, such as environmental
pollution, and food and drug safety issues, are increasingly occurring, resulting in the
violation of personal rights and enormous losses of property assets for a large number of people.
At present, citizens or relevant public organizations are unable to take legal action affecting
the public interest to resolve problems, so it is necessary to rely on the prosecution authorities to protect public order and the public interest through the exercise of their prosecutorial
powers. The implementation of relevant legislation by prosecutors has achieved considerable
results in favor of the protection of public interests, but problems have accordingly arisen in
both civil and administrative proceedings for the protection of public interests brought by
prosecution authorities. One set of problems is the limitation only to areas of cases specified
in law, making the range of cases is narrow; the implementation of prosecutorial supervision
leading to difficulties in proving damage to the public interest; and prosecutors’ lack of professional
knowledge. The article presents and analyzes the legal framework for prosecutors’
involvement in public interest litigation in China and reveals the causes of the fundamental
problems; and suggests ways to improve the current legislation and ways to solve the problems
arising by using a modern intelligent judicial system and with the help of relevant administrative
authorities in the field of environment and environmental protection, natural resources,
food and medicine, consumer protection, and so on.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: prosecutors

value: public interest protection

value: environmental protection

value: food safety

value: evidence

value: artificial intelligence


dc.contributor.author

value: Pang, Dongmei

value: Ma, Jiahui

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pang Dongmei, Ma Jiahui. 2022. “Criminal law regulation of criminal acts involving COVID-19 epidemic”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 181–205.

dc.description.abstract

value:
On the eve of the 2020 Spring Festival, the new coronavirus pneumonia broke out, normal social
order was affected, and crimes involving the epidemic increased. On February 6, 2020, the
Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security,
and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued “Opinions on Punishment of Crimes Obstructing
the Prevention and Control of the Novel Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia Epidemic According
to Law”, which clearly stipulates nine types of crimes that hinder the prevention and
control of the epidemic. In order to clarify and solve some outstanding problems of inconsistent
understanding of the application of laws in the practice of epidemic prevention and
control, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate selected cases that accounted for a large portion
of cases, reflected many problems, and urgently required practical practices; they then issued
ten batches of “Typical Cases of Crimes Obstructing the Prevention and Control of the New
Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic by Procuratorial Organs across the Country”. This article is
mainly based on the “Prosecutors across the country handle typical cases of crimes obstructing
the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic in accordance with the
law”, analyzing economic and property crimes, crimes that disrupt the order of social management,
and crimes that endanger public safety.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article was prepared within project of the National fund of social sciences of the People’s Republic
of China “Institute of the general part of Russian criminal law” (project No. 16AFX008).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 13; Issue 1

value: COVID-19 pandemic

value: crimes involving epidemic situation

value: judicial cognizance

value: criminal policy

value: infectious diseases

value: judicial practice

value: disputed issue

value: coping path


dc.contributor.author

value: Savchuk, Valery V.

value: Khaydarova, Goulnara R.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Savchuk V. V., Khaydarova G. R. V. Yu. Suсhachev: The philosopher’s will. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 94–109.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is about the remarkable philosopher of St Petersburg of the late nineteenth and
early twentieth centuries, V. Yu. Sukhachev. The path of his progress, and factors of formation
and circumstances of his original thought are presented. He was one of the organizers of the
Nietzsche Seminar, which was an important event in the philosophical life of St Petersburg.
He was a talented teacher, because he did not teach anything intentionally. With his lectures
and speeches, he presented the image of a radically modern thinker, who skillfully navigated
the entire history of philosophical thought. The stoic asceticism of the philosopher, including
abstinence from vanity, was natural for him. The initiation and the result of his reflections
was this thesis: a philosopher should stand on his own. One should know well the history
of philosophy, its concepts, the logic of the development of its ideas and, of course, if possible,
to read them in the original. But one’s own grounds in philosophy are not based only
on concepts of heritage, but also on practically accumulated personal potential of resistance
and the trained critical ability of the mind. The article analyzes the cornerstone of Vyacheslav
Sukhachev’s philosophical position, his polemical theses and provocations, and his advance
and contribution to the history of the St Petersburg/Leningrad school of philosophy. The basis
of philosophical thinking for him is the will, which manifests itself, ncluding in the traditional
“self-care”. Will is what makes it possible to take a place in the world, and what makes it possible
to be free. Will allows one to establish a sovereign position and outline the limits of
existence, to protect them rigidly and prevent others from invading his world. He insists and
promotes the idea that neither the historical situation nor the biographical context have their
own philosophical value.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was written as part of a research project supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic
Research no. 20-011-00144-a “Theoretical Heritage of Philosophy in Leningrad-Petersburg. The second half
of the twentieth century”, St Petersburg State University.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 1

value: philosophy of culture

value: philosophical anthropology

value: philosophical heritage of Russia

value: Nietzsche-seminar

value: reflection

value: consciousness

value: individual will

dc.type

value: Article


title: The great Greek “charlatan”: Empedocles

dc.contributor.author

value: Rudin, Oleg V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rudin O. V. The great Greek “charlatan”: Empedocles. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 52–63.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article revises the views about Empedocles of Akragas. Even contemporaries of the
thinker were confronted with the question of whether he was a great sage or a charlatan. The
combination of “scientific” and prophetic knowledge embarrassed more than one generation
of researchers, making them accuse Empedocles of superficial eclecticism or see him as an
inconsistent representative of antique mechanical philosophy. With no intention to give a final
answer to this question, the article suggests looking at this problem from a different angle by
focusing more on the lifestyle of Empedocles and less on his theoretical provisions of philosophy.
The first part of the article provides a brief outline of the history of the concept of “charlatanism”
and considers the image of Empedocles as a Greek alazon. The internal motives of
the political and public activity of Akragas accompanied by provocative behavior and claims
to divine status are considered. It is suggested that the personality conflict of Empedocles, the
discrepancy of external appearance and acts, is primarily due to pedagogical purposes and
desire to deliver saving truths to his contemporaries who were mired in vices. The second
part of the article deals with a hypothesis about breathing exercises of Empedocles. The main
attention is paid to the 129 B (DK) and 100 B (DK) fragments, with an attempt to reconstruct
the breathing practice of Empedocles as a thought technique aimed at gaining access to higher
knowledge.

dc.subject

value: Empedocles

value: charlatanism

value: alazon

value: rhetoric

value: parrhesia

value: breathing exercise

dc.title

value: The great Greek “charlatan”: Empedocles


dc.contributor.author

value: Loskutov, Yuri V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Loskutov Yu. V. The schism in postnonclassical rationality. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 30–41.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Ontological, epistemological, socio-practical, and ethical aspects demonstrate the impossibility
of the coexistence of the complex idea of human dimensionality with the complex idea
of nonlinearity in the “hard core” of postnonclassical research programs. The idea of human
dimensionality, which necessarily has a real paradigmatic status in postnonclassical science,
seriously limits the worldview ideas of nonlinearity in favor of linear concepts. The claim of
the worldview of nonlinearity to paradigmatic status in postnonclassics leads to the loss of
compatibility of this idea with the idea of human dimensionality, which demonstrates the
groundlessness of this claim. In the ontological aspect, the human being is seen as a result and
a condition for the continuation of a linear world process. The epistemological aspect notes
the insufficiency of any reductionist cognitive strategy to ensure the unity of human knowledge,
and states the immaturity of the current state of social synergetics. In the socio-practical
aspect, the project as the main type of linear activity, which occupies a central place in human
culture, is opposed to the game as the main type of non-linear activity. At the same time,
the anti-project nature of reliance on nonlinear processes is noted. In the ethical aspect, the
incompatibility of postnonclassical rationality with ethical relativism, naturally arising from
the claim of the idea of nonlinearity to paradigmatic status, is considered. Present in the “hard
core” of the postnonclassical research programs the complex idea of human dimensionality
can be protected by different elements of the “protective belt”: on the one hand, either by the
emphasis on the study of linear processes or by the emphasis on the study of nonlinear processes
(using a “soft,” non-paradigmatic variant of the idea of nonlinearity); on the other hand,
either by means of synergetics, or by means of concrete-universal dialectics.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: postnonclassical rationality

value: human dimensionality

value: nonlinearity

value: social synergetics

value: dialectics

value: practice


dc.contributor.author

value: Girinskiy, Alexander A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Girinskiy A. A. Christian motives in the philosophical work of Merab Mamardashvili. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 122– 131.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article presents a conceptualization of the main themes of Merab Mamardashvili’s philosophy:
the phenomenon of thinking and consciousness, the role of philosophy in the formation
of a person’s personality, the problem of “effort”, and the philosophical concept of time. The
hypothesis of the article is that this issue is based on an implicit “religious soteriology”, which
is manifested by Mamardashvili in his special understanding of the role and tasks of philosophy
in culture. In this context, the traditional themes of Mamardashvili’s work receive a new,
original reading. The topic of “effort” is approaching the understanding of faith as a religious
act, and philosophy itself becomes a secular version of the Christian religion, called upon
through thinking to realize the “salvation” of man and the highest justification of culture. This
view also makes it possible to explain Mamardashvili’s rejection of any “national” traditions of
philosophizing, since, apparently, in his criticism of nationalism he relies precisely on Christian
ideas about the unity of Christian humanity and European culture. Attention to these
aspects of Mamardashvili’s philosophy clarifies and gives additional meaning to many of the
classic plots of his philosophy and allows redefining the basic concepts anew.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared in the course of research/work within the framework of the Basic Research
Program of the HSE University.

value: religion

value: philosophy

value: soteriology

value: effort

value: thinking

value: Christianity

value: salvation

value: culture

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Zavershinskiy, Konstantin F.

value: Koryushkin, Alexander I.

value: Czajowski, Andrzej

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zavershinskiy K. F., Koryushkin A. I., Czajowski A. Political identity and national memory: The conflict of contemporary political narratives. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 82–93.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the place and the role of political narratives of national memory in the
processes of political identification of modern political communities. The authors prioritize
contemporary socio-cultural research strategies of political phenomena, which interpret
political identification processes in the methodological context of the dynamics of national
memory’s symbolic structures. The proliferation of such communicative practices as storytelling,
political performance, post-factual politics and political imaginary complicates the
problem of political identification and its narrative design in modern society and gives rise to
multiple nationalist, populist, and ethno-political discourses. In this context, the significance
of the theoretical understanding of national codes of communal political identification and an
ability to forecast the symbolic contours of a new, more stable narrative of national identity
based on codes of solidarity and civic patriotism increases. The study of the impact of symbolic
configurations of legitimating profiles of national memory on specifics of everyday political
narratives and the discourses of civic patriotism as the semantic core of national identity is
particularly important in the study of contemporary political identification. The description of
the profiles of the national memory legitimation necessitates a study of the conflict dynamics
of the symbolic contours of the national memory, which includes competing semantic components
(images of the past, political characteristics of elites, typology of the heroic, priority
strategies and practices of fighting “enemies”). In turn, these processes determine the nature
of the emergence and multiplication of identity conflicts. Using methodological premises of
the cultural and sociological analysis of the dynamics of modern political cultures as symbolic
forms of national memory, the authors propose new theoretical approaches to the study of the
political identification processes and conflicts among basic political narratives in the realities
of contemporary political communicative practices.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: political identification

value: political narratives and political story-telling

value: national memory

value: national memory legitimation profiles

value: patriotic discourses


dc.contributor.author

value: Masigol, Hossein

value: Tumanian, Tigran G.

value: Azadegan, Ebrahim

dc.identifier.citation

value: Masigol H., Tumanian T. G., Azadegan E. Modern sciences in religious Iran: An assessment of the educated Iranians’ attitude toward biological evolution. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 110–121.

dc.description.abstract

value:
It is often assumed that there is a confrontation between science and Islam, especially in religious
communities. Biological evolution is often one of the constant sources of contention
due to its metaphysical implications. Although there are some empirical data showing low
acceptance of evolution and understanding its basic principles in Sunni-majority countries,
there has been a categorical lack of data about Iran as the most influential Shiite-majority
state. Therefore, in order to reach a better understanding of the culture and world-view of
Iranians, we implemented two established questionnaires and phone interviews to assess
educated Iranians’ attitude toward evolution. We reach an important conclusion, which is
supported by extensive quantitative data obtained from two separate questionnaires, that
most Iranians accept both underlying principles as well as controversial topics such as human
evolution in a striking rate. Additionally, key concepts of evolution were greatly understood
by a large fraction of our participants. Finally, the research exhibited that Iranians
did not consider evolution and their religious belief system as two rival systems, regardless
of identifying themselves as religious or non-religious individuals. To investigate the reason
for this cultural phenomenon that is unique among major Islamic countries, we suggest
that it is due to three reasons. Central national education system implementing evolutionary
science at both high school and university levels, explosive accessibility of academic
atmosphere for the public, and more science-friendly interpretation of Islam are thought to
be responsible factors for such a high level of acceptance and understanding. This study has
crucial implications for revisiting the nature of Science-Islam interaction among various
Muslim communities, Shiite Iranians included.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research has been done under the grant for Sharif — Saint Petersburg cultural studies. We
would like to thank both Sharif University of Technology and Saint Petersburg State University for providing
us the opportunity to work jointly on Iranian culture and philosophy.

dc.subject

value: science and Islam

value: evolution acceptance

value: Iran

value: evolution and religion


title: Reflections on the logic of meaning

dc.contributor.author

value: Ryskeldiyeva, Lora T.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ryskeldiyeva L. T. Reflections on the logic of meaning. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 143–147.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Review of a book: Smirnov, A. V. (2021), The Logic of Sense as a Philosophy of Mind: Introducing
a Novel Approach, Moscow: Izdatel’skiy Dom YASK Publ. 448 p.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.title

value: Reflections on the logic of meaning

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Dlugatsch, Tamara B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dlugatsch T. B. Alexandre Koyré and the new historiography of science. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 4–18.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The author’s task is to draw attention once again to the philosophical and historical research
method invented by A. Koyré, who, according to many, revolutionized historiography. The
aim is to show the dependence of major scientific discoveries on fundamental transformations
in philosophy. From this perspective, the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century is
considered: Galileo’s discovery of the inertial movement was determined by a change in ideas
about the Universe. The closed, hierarchically ordered world of Aristotle, characteristic of Antiquity
and the Middle Ages, was replaced by a picture of an infinite Universe. In it, the same
laws apply to celestial bodies and the Earth, and the circular motion of bodies is replaced by
the motion along an infinite straight line, i. e., inertial. In this connection, Galileo’s Dialogues
are carefully and thoroughly examined, in which he appears not only as a brilliant scientist,
but also as a Socratically minded philosopher. The discoveries of Galileo and Newton are
correctly evaluated as the creation of new foundations of scientific theory as compared with
those previous, and the reasons for the appearance of such new foundations are explained.
The novelty of the article also lies in the fact that the success of Koyré’s analysis is presented in
the context of a dispute — a dialogue of the greatest scientific minds — of Aristotle and Plato,
Descartes and Newton. Highly appreciating the achievements of A. Koyré, the author dwells
on some of the shortcomings of his method: underestimation of social transformations and
lack of attention to the reverse effect of science on philosophy. It also explains the limitations
of the logical-deductive movement of thought in science, which determined philosophers, in
particular, Kant, to come to the idea of the need to create meaningful logic, although an unknowable
thing-in-itself appeared as the content.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: science

value: philosophy

value: revolution in science

value: A. Koyré

value: method

value: motion

value: Universe

value: Galileo

value: Newton


dc.contributor.author

value: Mikhelson, Olga K.

value: Tessmann, Anna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mikhelson O. K., Tessmann A. Religion and fantasy in the context of post-secularism. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 132– 142.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article explores various types of interrelations of religion and fictional works in the fantasy
genre. Research is based on key works for the genre (J. R. R. Tolkien, C. Lewis, U. Le Guin,
Ph. Pullman, G. Martin, etc.) using methodological approaches developed in contemporary
religious studies (E. Bailey, R. Bella, K. Cusack, R. Davidsen, E. McAvan). The article demonstrates
that it is important to interpret the phenomenon of fantasy in the context of the
modern post-secular world, which is characterized by such phenomena as religious bricolage,
individualization of religion, and implicit religiosity. The article shows that fantasy authors
not only use religious imaginary and symbolism, drawing inspiration from various religious systems, but also construct invented religions, which, in addition to their intra-plot meaning,
carry an important message, expressing different views on religion, sometimes critical and
anticlerical. Fantasy from the realm of the unreal becomes superreal, highlighting issues that
are significant both for its authors and for the society. Communities and fandoms arise on the
basis of fantasy narratives, and some of them not just implicitly, but quite openly turn into
religious ones. Understood and interpreted in the context of post-secularism, the phenomenon
of the fantasy genre itself with its incredible popularity appears in a new light, since this
popularity can be correlated with new post-secular religiosity, with popular culture being its
important source.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research is supported by the grant of Russian Science Foundation no. 22-28-00920 «Post-secular
religiosity and popular culture: the phenomenon of invented and parody religions», https://rscf.ru/en/
project/22-28-00920/.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: religion and fantasy

value: religion and popular culture

value: post-secularism

value: new religiosity

value: invented religion

value: implicit religion


dc.contributor.author

value: Kulakova, Tatyana A.

value: Volkova, Anna V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kulakova T. A., Volkova A. V. Communities, discursive practices and behavioral patterns of digital vigilantism in Russia: Politico-axiological approach. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 64–81.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article studies vigilantism, a specific form of civic activity whose history can be traced
back to the nineteenth century and which in the era of digitalization has acquired new characteristics.
Digital vigilantism, as a well-established social phenomenon not only in world
practice, but also in Russia, needs an analysis of its structure, goals, motivations, and interests
and values of members of various communities to determine trends and changes in civil society
in the context of digital transformations. Digital vigilantes seeking to regulate ideas about
the “normality” of behavior, using interactions in social networks that are aggressive and even
bordering on extremist, claim to be a significant actor for public policy. Legitimizing an alternative
system for identifying violators, criminals, victims and punishments (by increasing the
number of likes), they not only seek to co-opt the initiative to form public values, but often
ignore and replace governmental structures. At the same time, they increasingly turn out to
be not nameless avengers, but rather individuals seeking to declare themselves and achieve
through creating the conflict not only their own goals, but also a certain popularity or “network
power”, which is well monetized. The authors analyze behavioral patterns of the most
famous communities — “Lev Protiv” (Lion Against), “StopHam” (StopBoor), “Hrushi protiv”
(Piggies Against), and “AntiDealer” — and their activities in the VKontakte social network
and on YouTube to typologize Russian vigilantism. The possibility of interaction with such
movements (both online and offline formats) is not excluded for the system of public power,
if a framework (procedures, rules) can be established for them that determines their auxiliary
functions (notification, informing, propaganda). The proliferation of vigilante movements
and their demonstration of direct violence is a significant indicator of the inefficiency of the public administration system, a decrease in the level of legitimacy and support for its institutions,
and indicates an increased risk of loss of state governability.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was undertaken with funding for the project of the Russian Foundation for Basic
Research and EISR no. 21-011-31445 «Digital vigilantism and the practice of creating public values:
hijacking network civil society?».

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 1

value: digital vigilantism

value: public policy

value: public values

value: citizen participation

value: social networks

value: discursive practices

value: conflicts

value: uncivil society

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Obolevitch, Teresa

dc.identifier.citation

value: Obolevitch T. “La connaissance et l’être” by S. L. Frank — the history of translation and its reception. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 42–51.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the circumstances and history of the translation into French of S. L. Frank’s
master’s thesis “The Object of Knowledge,” which was published in Russian in 1915 in Petrograd.
The aim of the study is to determine the place and significance of this work in the creative
biography and philosophical heritage of the Russian thinker. For this purpose, we used
the synthetic method, which allows us to reconstruct in detail the history of the creation of
the French translation, as well as the method of text analysis. First, the German context of
Frank’s work on the “The Object of Knowledge” is presented. It has been established that the
initiator of the publication of this book in France was G. D. Gurvich, who collaborated with
the philosophers Louis Lavelle and René Le Senne, who founded the publishing series “Philosophy
of Spirit” in Paris. Based on archival correspondence between Frank and Gurvich, as
well as the book’s translator A. Сaffi and the editor of the translation G. P. Fedotov, the details
of the preparation of the abridged version of the book for the French reader are revealed. To
this end, we analyze the edits made by Frank in the author’s copy of the Russian edition of “The
Object of Knowledge”. The last part of the article presents how the reception of this book in the
French philosophical environment took place. A list of the currently known reviews of Frank’s
work is given. Also noted is the fact that the book The Object of Knowledge was referenced by
E. Gilson. Thus, we can conclude that the abridged French translation of Frank’s master’s thesis
has had some influence on the French philosophers and reception of Russian philosophical
thought in general.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: S. L. Frank

value: G. D. Gurvich

value: philosophical biography

value: reception of Russian thought in France

value: gnoseology


dc.contributor.author

value: Dyakov, Aleksandr V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dyakov A. V. Michel Foucault and the Antiquity: Between the philosophical historicism and the history of thought. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 1, pp. 19–29.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Michel Foucault was well known as an epistemologist, historicist, and historian of thought.
His analyses of ancient culture are a crucial moment for his doctrine of the becoming of the
subject. The Foucaultian version of the ancient legacy in modern and contemporary Western
culture shows clearly its aspects in the opposition of Pierre Hadot’s doctrine. If Hadot accents
the mystic mode of subjectivation, Foucault tends to the modes of dandyism and the esthetics
of existence. At the same time, both of them belong to the same tradition in the history of
the Western intellectual culture that traces the meaning of the human being in the perfectibility
and concern of self. This article detects the roots of Foucaultian historicist position
and origins of his conceptualization of the care of the self. The Foucaultian conceptualization
mixes platonic concerns of the government of self, Nietzschean critics of Kantianism, and the
Heideggerian approach to the philosophy of history, the sum of which in this case is radical
historicism. As a result, Foucault proposes a contemporary version of the ancient practice
of self and asserts the understanding of philosophy of the self. The author’s theses is that the
focus of Foucauldian philosophy is the care of self as the basic mode of subjectivation in the
political and ethical realms of the Western culture.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with the support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation no. 21-18-
00174 «Historicism as a paradigm of the humanities».

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Michel Foucault

value: historicism

value: Pierre Hadot

value: care of self

value: subject

value: subjectivation

value: esthetics of existence

value: parrêsia


dc.contributor.author

value: Golovey, Larisa A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golovey L. A. Founder of the Leningrad (St Petersburg) school of psychology B. G. Ananyev: A scientist ahead of his time. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, рр. 29–45.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is about the founder of the Leningrad (St Petersburg) psychological school,
Academician Boris Gerasimovich Ananyev. From the very beginning of his formation as a
scientist, Ananyev showed interest in fundamental problems of psychology, its interdisciplinary
connections, and its position in the system of sciences. The main areas of his scientific
activity include research on human sensory-perceptual and psychomotor organization in
the context of identifying resources and reserves of human development; the consideration
of the sensory-perceptual organization as the basis for the development of a human as a personality
and subject of activity; and the problem of human individuality. Ananyev provided
many scientific concepts and made many contributions to various branches of psychology,
primarily developmental psychology and differential psychology. The most important result
of his work was the development of a methodology for a comprehensive study of human beings. On this basis, and under his leadership, empirical studies were carried out, which
included a set of parameters for the development of the human as an individual personality
and subject of activity in various periods of ontogenesis, with particular attention paid
to periods of adulthood. Thanks to these studies, ideas about the integrity of individual
development were formulated, human potentials were described, and the concept of vitality
was introduced. Ananyev created the doctrine of the psychological structure of the human
being, developed ideas about the continuity of human mental development throughout ontogenesis,
discussed the need for convergence of developmental psychology and differential
psychology, and methodologically and methodically substantiated the need to use an integrated
approach when studying such a complex structure as a human, laying the foundations
of interdisciplinary research. Ananyev’s ideas and developments contained enormous
potential for further scientific development, which determined the direction of the work of
the psychological school of St Petersburg (Leningrad) University for decades. This potential
is far from being exhausted even today.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 12; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: ontopsychology

value: individual development

value: adulthood

value: individual

value: personality

value: subject of activity

value: individuality

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ronginska, Tatiana I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ronginska T. I. System approach to psychological concepts analysis: Cоntribution of V. A. Ganzen to Russian psychology development. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, рр. 55–70.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines the principle for constructing the method of a systemic analysis of
objects, pentabasis SPTEI, as proposed by V. A. Ganzen, as well as the basic points of the
system approach to the study of psychological objects. The study takes four lines of analysis lines: time, space, energy, and information are stressed. The time category is correlated with
repeatability of the functioning of objects. The space description reflects the interaction
balance of objects. The energy component determines the subordination of the description
of objects. The information line of the analysis corresponds to the principle of object
proportionality. The dichotomous division of four pentabasis components on the basis of
opposite tendencies to object functioning is presented. The examples of various objects descriptive
characteristics corresponding to two stressed tendencies within the framework of
each analysis line are given. The method of system analysis suggested by V. A. Ganzen allows
an analysis of the objects of various contents and conceptual origins. The method presented
has an interdisciplinary character that corresponds to the provisions of system approach to
describe psychological categories involved in functional relationship with the environment.
The method of pentabasis can be used to design diagnostic tools, as its scientific validity
and descriptive accuracy are high. Examples of the application of pentabasis for describing
creativity and loyalty are provided. The application of the method to analyze contents of
these categories of a clearly defined system character are validated. The diagnostic potential
of the method of pentabasis and facilities for its further development to study and arrange
the description of objects in complex and contradictory relations by means of pentabasis
components dichotomous division allows the presentation of objects in all the complexity
of their interaction.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: system description

value: pentabasis SPTEI

value: time

value: space

value: energy

value: information

value: proportionality

value: subordination

value: balance

value: repeatability

value: creativity

value: loyalty