dc.contributor.author

value: Petrov, Denis S.

value: Yakusheva, Anna M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petrov, D. S., Yakusheva, A. M. (2022). Assessment of the ecological state of small rivers of St Petersburg according to the benthic macroinvertebrates indicators in 2019–2021. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (3), 529–544. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.308 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the topical issue of assessing the state and changes of river ecosystems
located within the boundaries of large cities and industrial agglomerations. The paper presents the results obtained during hydrobiological studies on small rivers of St. Petersburg
(Russian Federation) in 2019–2021. The application of bioindication methods is substantiated
in order to assess long-term changes in aquatic ecosystems under conditions of increasing
anthropogenic load. Various characteristics of the community of benthic invertebrates
are used as biological indicators of the state of hydroecosystems. Benthos samples were
taken on eight small watercourses of the city, which are both tributaries of the Neva River of
various orders (the Okhta, Slavyanka, Chernaya Rechka, Lubya, Okkervil, Volkovka rivers)
and delta watercourses (the Smolenka and Karpovka rivers). The paper provides a brief
description of the studied water bodies and sampling sites. A number of biotic metrics and
biotic indices used for bioindication purposes both in Russia and abroad have been identified.
It is noted that the unstable hydrochemical regime and low flow velocity in the small
watercourses of the Neva River delta contribute to the intensification of the accumulation of
sediments with high concentrations of ecotoxicants, which negatively affects both quantitative
and qualitative characteristics of biocenoses. In some watercourses there is a complete
absence of bottom invertebrates, which can be assessed as an ecological disaster. When
assessing water quality by quantitative and qualitative characteristics of communities of
benthic invertebrates (Mayer index, BMWP index, some biotic metrics), it can be concluded
that Okkervil River, Chernaya Rechka River and Volkovka River should be attributed to watercourses
whose ecological state is extremely unfavorable. The ecological state of the rivers
Karpovka River, Slavyanka River, as well as the river mouth of Okhta River and Smolenka
River should be considered unfavorable. And finally, the situation in Lubya River, the river
head of Smolenka River and in the middle part of the Okhta River can be considered close
to satisfactory (low quality according to BMWP or moderately polluted water according
to IM).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: bioindication

value: hydrobiological studies

value: bottom sediments

value: small watercourses

value: Neva River


dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsova, Mariia R.

value: Priakhina, Galina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuznetsova, M. R., Priakhina, G. V. (2022). Methods of snowmelt calculation in the Antarctic oasis Larsemann Hills. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 67 (3), 515–528. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2022.307 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper studies the validity of snowmelt calculation methods, which are mostly used in
hydrology, for the Larsemann Hills oasis (East Antarctica). The study bases on snow surveys data obtained on catchments of Law Lake, Reid Lake and Stepped Lake during the 65th season
of the Russian Antarctic Expedition (RAE) in 2019–2020. Materials of the fond of Arctic
and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) are also used: snow surveys data collected on the
catchment of Stepped Lake during the 57th RAE season in 2012 and on catchments of Law
Lake, Reid Lake, Scandrett Lake and Stepped Lake during the 62th RAE season in 2017. Considered
three methods of snowmelt calculation were derived by P. P. Kuz’min, E. G. Popov, Yu.
B. Vinogradov Results of calculation are compared with snowmelt value obtained according
to snow surveys. The paper shows two variants of calculations: in the first albedo of snow is
determined from function of snow age as different values for each day, in the second albedo
is determined from remote sensing data as average value for all period. Results of snowmelt
calculation depend on the method which sets value of snow albedo: relative inaccuracies of
results obtained of all discussed methods are smaller when albedo is determined as average
value. The equation by Kuz’min gives the smallest inaccuracies of snowmelt calculation results
in relative to real snowmelt values estimated from snow survey data. This snowmelt calculation
method in the majority of cases reviewed gives satisfactory results and should be recommended
for estimation of snowmelt values for this Antarctic territory.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 20-05-00343 А.

dc.subject

value: methods of snowmelt calculation

value: Antarctic oases

value: Larsemann Hills

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Petrov, Konstantin K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petrov K. K. Anthologies of Writings by Dong Qichang “Huachanshi suibi” from the Chinese Collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 433–448. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.304 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper concentrates on the description of a written monument of Chinese aesthetic
thought — the anthology “Notes from the Cabinet of Chan Painting” by the politician, artist,
calligrapher and art theorist of the end of the Ming era (1368–1644) Dong Qichang
(1555–1636). Two woodblock printed editions of this anthology dated 1720 and 1911 are
preserved in the Chinese collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian
Academy of Sciences and so far remain understudied. The paper considers the possible
translations of the title of the book into the Russian and English languages, investigates the
history of different publications of the monument, describes the formal features of block
books, and conducts a comparative analysis of existing editions. The discovered textual
discrepancies between different editions of the anthology make it clear that in the Qing
era (1644–1912) “Notes” experienced the harmful influence of the “literary inquisition”,
not having escaped the fate of many works of the Ming era. A textual and comprehensive
analysis of several fragments shows that the earlier edition of 1720 has greater completeness
and integrity. In addition, even a formal examination of the monument makes it possible
to identify a whole range of historical problems, not related directly to aesthetic thought,
which can be studied with the use of the “Notes” as a source. Such issues include the history of art collecting by Chinese nobles, the socio-economic and political development of late
Ming China, the relationships between the Ming Empire and the Manchus, the problem of
censorship in the Qing era, etc.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 14; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Dong Qichang

value: Huachanshi suibi

value: Ming dynasty

value: aesthetic thought

value: woodblock printing

value: source study

value: literary inquisition


dc.contributor.author

value: Solomkina, Nataliya A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Solomkina N. A. Semantics of Japanese Benefactive Constructions: A Corpus-based Research. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 469– 487. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.306 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
As benefactives in other languages of the world, Japanese benefactive constructions can be
used in various meanings apart from the core benefactive meaning. In previous research their
semantics is normally described separately for each of the auxiliary verbs, and the research itself
is based either on introspection or working with sporadic texts and native-speakers. In this
article we present a qualitative and quantitative analysis of corpora dataset with three groups
of Japanese benefactive auxiliaries: yaru and ageru, kureru and kudasaru, morau and itadaku.
For this purpose we propose a set of three semantic features: speaker’s attitude, volitivity of a
logical subgect and presence of a sentient beneficiary. Combinations of these features underlie
the definitions of six main meanings we mark out: core benefactive, etiquettical, positive emotivity,
monstrative, intensification and malefactive. In constructions with yaru auxiliary all of
the above mentioned meanings are possible except for the positive emotivity. With ageru we
encounter core benefactive and monstrative and intensification meanings. With kureru auxiliary
core benefactive, malefactive and positive emotivity meanings turn out to be possible.
With kudasaru we encounter only core benefactive usage. For morau and itadaku auxiliaries
we register core benefactive and etiquettical usage. Proposed features, meanings and analysed
data are applicable for comparative studies of benefactives in other languages as well as for
further development of semantic description of Japanese benefactives.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 22-18-00120 “Polypredication
in sign and spoken languages: grammar, prosody, discourse”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Japanese

value: benefactive constructions

value: directionality verbs

value: benefaction

value: malefaction

value: politeness


dc.contributor.author

value: Mokrushina, Amalia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mokrushina А. А. Arab Political Cartoon as a Response to the Foreign and Domestic Policies of the State. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 577–590. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.312

dc.description.abstract

value:
An analysis of the phenomenon of Arabic cartoons could provide rich material not only for
orientalists, but also for specialists in different fields. Today, Arab cartoons are experiencing a
revival. The Internet greatly affects the form and quality of information material. The study of
Arabic cartoons assumes a versatile approach: we are interested not only in the content of the
cartoon, but also in its additional characteristics. In a cartoon the reader receives information
as quickly and concisely as possible. The most indicative and interesting for the researcher is
the analysis of the material in a certain time frame. Through cartoon, we can observe how
the initial image of a particular politician or party forms and how public perception of them
changes over time. Political cartoons are interesting to observe in dynamics. An analysis of
cartoons as a response to a political situation should be conducted in accordance with the
scheme: a political situation — the pro-government and/or oppositional reaction of society —
the appearance of cartoons covering this topic. To fully understand political cartoons, the
reader must possess an understanding of the general political situation in the world and be
aware of the details of the foreign and domestic policies of individual countries.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 14; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: political cartoons

value: caricature

value: politics

value: the Arab world

value: society

value: reaction

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sharonova, Victoria G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sharonova V. G. Socio-cultural Activities of the Russian Imperial Consulate in Yingkou (China) during the Period of Temporary Russian Administration (1900–1904). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 396–414. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Starting from the mid-1890s, Manchuria came into the sphere of political interests of Imperial
Russia in China. From 1896 to 1898, a number of Russian-Chinese agreements were made on
mutual cooperation, the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway, the Russian-Chinese Bank,
the lease of Chinese territories, security, etc. Situated on the coast of the Liaohe River in South
Manchuria, the city of Yingkou played an important role in this mutually beneficial process.
Yingkou, a tractate port, was called the “Gate of Manchuria”, it has been known since 1861 as a
center of junk trade and a center of commercial activity. The Russian presence increased here
from 1896, and in 1899 a Russian imperial consulate was opened here. The city played a big role
in economic and political cooperation during the construction of Port Arthur and Dalian. Starting
from 1900, the order of the Russian Temporary Administration was introduced in Yingkou,
which significantly strengthened Russia’s position in the region. Diplomats were appointed to
the posts of mayors — Russian consuls in the port city: A. N. Ostroverkhov and V. F. Grosse.
Among the many questions associated with solving diplomatic, commercial and organizational
issues were issues of socio-cultural activities. The article describes details and analyzes the measures
initiated and carried out in Yingkou, mainly at the expense of Russian funds, connected
to the anti-epidemiological situation, the fight against plague, specific measures to improve the
sanitary condition of the city; considers issues related to the improvement of urban infrastructure,
security and social sphere; speaks about the opening of the Russian-Chinese school and its
importance for the promotion of the Russian language in China. The article uses a large number
of archival sources which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation project no. 22-28-00858 “Russian
diplomats in China (second half of the 19th — early 20th Centuries): political and socio-cultural dimensions”,
https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-28-00858/.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Russia

value: South Manchuria

value: Yingkou (Newchwang/Newzhuang)

value: Temporary Russian Administration

value: Russian Imperial Consulate

value: mayor

value: V. F. Grosse

value: foreign policy

value: socio-cultural events


dc.contributor.author

value: Kukeev, Dorji G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kukeev D. G. Qing Regionalism at Central Asian Borderlands in the Second Half of 18th Century: The Influence of Zunghar Legacy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 541–557. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.310 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This publication is a part of an extensive field of the research, devoted to various areas of the
borderlands, and it is actualized by the increasing scale of the study about these areas due to
changes in the geopolitical situation in Eurasia. The article is devoted to the reasons and the
process of the formation of some features of Qing regionalism in the western borderlands of
the empire in the second half of the 18th century. The acquirement of the new lands, named
the term Xiyu (西域, Western Territory) in Chinese historical materials, was of a great political
importance, and the acquired domains bordering on Central Asia were transformed into
an administrative-territorial unit of the empire, which became known as Xinjiang (新疆,New
Frontier). The author emphasizes the importance of studying the features of the management
of the Qing borderlands in Inner Asia, where various approaches to borderland relations were
actively used, and were not adopted from the “Confucian” civilization, but adopted from nomads.
There reveals the distinctive features that lay in the Qing regionalism in the management
of this outlying territory, which was characterized by the implementation of such measures
as: the military occupation, the establishment of a new administrative structure and
the publication of written monuments in the languages of the Qing empire. Adopting a more
flexible approach due to their non-Chinese origins, the Manchu elites developed institutions
and frontier management policies, which were different from those of previous dynasties.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 14; Issue 3

value: Qing Empire

value: Zunghar Khanate

value: Altyshar

value: written monuments

value: Central Asia

value: Nomad


dc.contributor.author

value: Ignatenko, Alexander V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ignatenko A. V. Features of the Language Game in Liu Zhenyun’s Prose on the Example of the Novel “I am not Pan Jinlian”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 507–523. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.308 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper discusses stylistic techniques and means of creating a language game on the example
of the novel “I am not Pan Jinlian” (2012) by Liu Zhenyun. The emphasis is on the
search for new orderings in the language game within the framework of the artistic universe.
Studies of Liu Zhenyun’s artistic discourse today are included in various linguistic, literary and cultural landscapes, but they are fragmentary in nature and are presented, as a rule, on
local material. The language, artistic features and idiosyncrasy of the writer can be considered
practically unexplored, which determines the relevance of this study. The linguistic features
of the language game in the works of Liu Zhenyun are consistently considered at three levels
in this study. Metaphors, oxymorons, irony, etc. are analyzed at the level of the use of artistic
means and techniques. At the structural and functional level, attention is focused on the formal
structure and organization of the artistic fabric of the text, some stylistic and syntactic aspects
of the language game, parallel constructions and techniques (zeugma, chiasm, anacoluf,
parallelisms, ekphrasis, etc.) are analyzed. At the cognitive-discursive level, attention is paid
primarily to the problem of the organization of the conceptual-semantic space of the text and
the disclosure of its laws, as well as its integration and synthesis with non-linguistic sciences —
philology, psychology, cultural studies, etc. The mixed methods used in the article allowed us
to obtain results that are productive from the point of view of the possibilities of structuralfunctional
and discursive analysis of artistic material. The obtained data and conclusions open
up wide opportunities for further analysis of the language game in artistic discourse.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: language game

value: Liu Zhenyun

value: Chinese literature

value: I am not Pan Jinlian

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Galbayar, Gombosyryn

dc.identifier.citation

value: Galbayar G. The Hidden Meanings and Poetic Features of the Treatise “Činggis-un yisün örlüg-tei öničin köbegün-ü čečelegsen šastir”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 488–506. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.307 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The extant variants of the now-lost treatise Činggis-un yisün örlüg-tei önöčin köbegün-ü čečelegsen
šastir are attested in the 17th–18th century Mongolian historical chronicles Altan Tobči / The
Golden Chronicle (1655) by Lubsangdanjin and the Bolor Erike /“Crystal Rosary”/ (1774–1775)
by Rasipungsug. This article addresses the history of transmission, translations, and studies of
this text, and demonstrates that the Činggis-un yisün örlüg-tei öničin köbegün-ü čečelegsen šastir
is not merely an account of Chinggis Khan’s discussion with his nine high officials about the
benefits and evils of alcohol, but contains deeper hidden meanings. Specifically, this paper offers
the following four findings: First, based on comparison with Mongolian historical sources, this
paper clarifies the origins of Chinggis Khan’s nine high officials, how they befriended Chinggis
Khan, their merits and accomplishments, and their deaths. Based on these sources, we have determined
that the events described in the Činggis-un yisün örlüg-tei öničin köbegün-ü čečelegsen
šastir date to 1206–1207. Second, this paper discusses the hidden meaning that Bo’orchu, Muqali,
Boqorul, Jebe, who wish to abstain from alcohol and diligently perform their duties, befriended
Chinggis Khan in their childhood without seeking any benefit, were fully trustworthy officials,
whereas Sorqan-Shira, Jelme, Yelü Chucai, Qara Kiru and Shigi-Qutuqu — who, in their own
words, wish to drink alcohol and revel — befriended Chinggis Khan later out of self-benefit, and
were untrustworthy officials. Third, the paper discusses the symbolism of the order of the speakers’
words on alcohol as it relates to the ranks of Chinggis Khan’s officials, as well as Mongolian
cultural symbolism relating to directions. Fourth, based on the debate in the text between the
orphan boy, wise nobleman Chindagha, and Chinggis Khan, this paper discusses the fact that
one reason Chinggis Khan’s state was powerful is that he listened to average people and he was
able to reflect their ideas in national affairs. Fifth, this paper demonstrates that the text retains
important features of deep hidden meaning and poetic verse characteristic of 13th century Mongolian
literature.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 14; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Lubsangdanjin

value: Altan Tobchi

value: Chinggis Khan

value: nine officials

value: Orphan Boy

value: Wise Nobleman Chindagha

value: hidden meaning

value: Mongolian poetry


dc.contributor.author

value: Ivkina, Natalia V.

value: Chikrizova, Olga S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivkina N. V., Chikrizova O. S. The “Shi‘a factor” in Nigeria’s Public and Political Life (1994–2020): Domestic and International Dimensions. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, рр. 524–540. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.309 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the influence of the Shi‘a factor on public and political life of Nigeria,
the state in which the phenomenon of transformation of the religious (and more specifically,
Islamic) field has been observed in the past few decades due to the growing diversity of movements
and sects. In turn, the emergence of new communities contributes to the radicalization
of the Islamist discourse in Nigeria and the exacerbation of intercommunal contradictions
(between Sufis and Salafis, Salafis and Shiʻites). The authors identify the prerequisites and
reasons for the growth in the number of followers of Shi‘a Islam in Nigeria, mainly among
the Hausa people, features of political movements with Shi‘a ideology, as well as the role of
Nigeria in the global Saudi-Iranian confrontation. The authors resorted to a behavioral approach
and comparative analysis of the social base of the Shi‘a organization Islamic Movement
of Nigeria and the Salafi Jamaʻat Izala al-Bidʻa wa Ikamat al-Sunna (Society for the Eradication
of Innovation and Implementation of the Sunna). It was revealed that the key reason for
the radicalization of Nigerian Muslims (living mainly in the north) was the penetration of
alien ideologies into the country — radical Salafism and the political aspects of Shi‘a Islam.
This was a consequence of Nigeria falling into the focus of Riyadh and Tehran, which are fighting for leadership in the Islamic world. It was established that in the case of Nigeria, Iran
is inferior to Saudi Arabia, which has more significant financial capabilities and a network of
non-governmental associations and foundations that promote the interests of official Riyadh
in West Africa. One of the key areas where the Saudi-Iranian confrontation for the “minds and
hearts” of Nigerian Muslims is unfolding is Islamic education.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Nigeria

value: Hausa

value: Shiʻism

value: Sunni-Shi‘a antagonism

value: Islamic Movement of Nigeria

value: Ibrahim al-Zakzaki

value: Iran

value: Saudi Arabia


dc.contributor.author

value: Avrutina, Appolinaria S.

value: Gürses, Sabri

dc.identifier.citation

value: Avrutina A. S., Gürses S. Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky in Turkey: History of Translations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 415– 432. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the review of the history of translations of Fyodor Dostoevsky into
Turkish. Currently, Dostoevsky is one of the most popular foreign writers in Turkey, and according
to the Turkish book market, one of the most purchased authors. By decision of the
Ministry of Public Education, since 2004, the works of the Russian classic have been included
in the recommendatory part of the school curriculum, so it is difficult to find a person in Turkey who would not read Dostoevsky. The history of Dostoevsky’s translations into Turkish
evolved in a special way: back in the late 19th — early 20th century there were none, since the
Department of Russian Language and Literature in Turkey first opened in 1935, but the first
translations appeared only in the 1920s and performed from French. However, subsequently
the popularity of the writer grew so much that absolutely all of his works were translated into
Turkish, and some even several times. Classical Russian literature had a special influence on
Turkish literature of the 20th century, and Dostoevsky’s works are the most important literary
basis for their own work for many Turkish writers. For example, the recently translated into
Russian novel “The Idiot” by the American writer of Turkish origin Elif Batuman, who was
born and raised in the United States, as well as the novel by the young prose writer Burhan
Sonmez “Istanbul. Istanbul”. Despite the late appearance of Dostoevsky’s works on the Turkish
book market and late acquaintance with the Turkish reader, Dostoevsky became one of the
most popular and beloved Russian writers among Turks of almost all ages (which is confirmed
by the publication of Dostoevsky’s works in an adapted form for children). The authors of the
article analyzed the history of translations of Dostoevsky’s novels into Turkish and came to
the conclusion that the appearance of a large number of translations is explained not only by
the great popularity of the Russian language and culture in modern Turkey, and not only by
the cinematic popularity of Dostoevsky all over the world, but also by a high reader demand
for his texts, since Dostoevsky’s works meet the cultural and moral needs of modern Turkish
society.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 14; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Russian literature

value: Turkish literature

value: literary translation

value: Russian writers

value: Turkish writers

value: Turkish Russianists

dc.title

value: Article


title: Tonal Ezafe in Mombo

dc.contributor.author

value: Prokhorov, Kirill N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Prokhorov K. N. Tonal Ezafe in Mombo. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 449–468. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.305 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Tones are used in Mombo to distinguish between both lexical and grammatical meanings. As
in other Dogon languages Mombo they play a crucial role in the NP, where syntactic relations
are coded through the word order accompanied by tonal changes in nouns, adjectives, and
numerals, occurring at the left edge of NP. The paper aims to describe the tonal marking of
the lexical head and its dependents in Mombo as a manifestation of a grammatical category
similar to construct state in Semitic or ezafe in Turkic and West Iranian. Ezafe in Mombo
expresses the fact that the head has a dependent of a certain type: a possessor, an adjective,
a demonstrative. According to the type of dependent one can identify possessive, attributive,
and demonstrative ezafe. These are considered as individual grammemes of ezafe category.
Ezafe is assigned locally, i. e. within the same constituent that contains its controller (the dependent)
and applies to constituents rather than to words. The analysis of constructions with
two dependents, one of which is the possessor to the left of the head noun and the other is an
adjective, a numeral or a demonstrative suggests that the ezafe is assigned in a special position.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-312-90051.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Dogon languages

value: head marking

value: ezafe

value: tonology

value: syntax

value: Tonal Ezafe in Mombo


dc.contributor.author

value: Samoylov, Nikolay A.

value: Starovoitova, Elena O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Samoylov N. A., Starovoitova E. O. Russian Ambassadors to China at the Turn of the 20th century: Specifics of their Activities in the Qing Empire. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 384–395. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.301

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the role of leading Russian diplomats in the development of Sino-Russian
relations at the turn of the 20th century. It is based on rare archival documents and memoirs
written by contemporaries of the described events. The article presents and analyzes the assessments
given to their activities in the publications of Russian, Chinese and Western historians.
The authors focus their attention on the activities of two ambassadors to China: Arthur
Cassini and Pavel Lessar, who headed Russian diplomatic mission in the Qing Empire during
difficult periods of China’s history and the conditions of complicated international situation
in East Asia. The first of them served there at the time of the Sino-Japanese War, while the
second — in the period between the Boxer Rebellion and the Russo-Japanese War. The clash
of interests of the great powers in China at the turn of the 20th century predetermined the
complex tasks faced by Russian diplomacy. The analysis of the activities of the Russian Envoys
to China, Cassini and Lessar, demonstrates the significant role of career diplomats at that time
and proves that Russian diplomats of the late 19th — early 20th centuries were well prepared
and, even without special education in oriental studies, but having experience of diplomatic
work in different countries and being able to analyze the contemporary international situation,
could make correct decisions in hard situations, promoting the prestige of Russia and
solving the intricate problems of foreign policy.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation project no. 22-28-00858 “Russian
diplomats in China (second half of the 19th — early 20th Centuries): political and socio-cultural dimensions”,
https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-28-00858/.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 14; Issue 3

value: China

value: Sino-Russian relations

value: Russian diplomacy

value: Cassini

value: Lessar

value: international relations in the Far East


dc.contributor.author

value: Stoyanova, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Stoyanova E. V. (2022). Humorous effect when linguocultural phenomena are included in forum comments to media texts. Media Linguistics, 9 (3), 254–272. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.306 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper is devoted to the possibilities of creating a comic effect based on linguocultural
signs and concepts in forum comments to media texts. The problem of the comic is studied
in the context of the study of value essences and national-cultural meanings, which form the
basis of the worldview of the national-cultural community. The material of the study is forum
comments on Bulgarian online media publications or reposts of media articles in social networks.
Due to the fact that the specificity of modern online communication is the relativity
of the disposition of the author-addressee, the addressee is involved in the discussion of the
topic, since both media texts and comments on them are usually read. Forum comments as
posts written by the addressee under media texts, create a kind of network communication
that allows its participants to evaluate the news or express an opinion about the content of
the media text and, in some cases, to simply argue with or without reason. The formation of a
comic effect on the basis of linguistic and cultural phenomena in forum communication is an
important linguo-mental characteristic of the perception of the world by a national-cultural
community, as well as a tool for assessing the preservation of cultural tradition. The analysis of
linguocultural material involved in creating a comic effect in comments to media texts demonstrates
the presence of several types of precedent, the use of phraseological units (paremias,
citations, aphorisms), metaphors and concepts. The “transposition” of linguistic and cultural
phenomena is based on the discrepancy between the internal and external image, on the violation
of the usual syntagmatic relations of linguistic units, the actualization and modification
of frame-slot connections, and the ambivalence of semantic realization. The article is based on
the report that is going to be presented at the XVIII International Congress of Slavists in 2025.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 3

value: humorous effect

value: linguocultural phenomena

value: media text

value: forum comments

dc.type

value: Article


title: Dialogue in Slovak social networks

dc.contributor.author

value: Orgoňová, Oľga

value: Kazharnovich, Maryna P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Orgoňová O., Kazharnovich M. P. (2022). Dialogue in Slovak social networks. Media Linguistics, 9 (3), 237–253. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.305 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the conditions of widespread informatization of the communicative space, a new paradigm
of communication is gradually being formed. The paradigm can be defined as interactive. In
the modern world, virtual communication in social networks has become an integral part
of the functioning of society and individuals themselves. Often it is not one of the possible forms of communication, but absolutely the main one — both private and institutional. The
fundamental principle of network culture is its installation on communication, interaction,
dialogue. The virtual network largely repeats the practices of natural social life, but at the
same time forms an alternative network society. A decentered, non-hierarchical and open networked
society provides its own system of values, norms and rules of speech behavior, methods
of communication, its own communication formats, principles of organization and functioning,
in other words, its own culture of dialogue. The focus of this article is the discourse of
everyday life in social networks, in which spontaneous second-type dialogue prevails. Such a
dialogue is characterized by informality, linguistic improvisation, interdiscursivity, a combination
of attributes of oral and written speech. On the basis of the analysis of the methods and
speech features of the implementation of communication in the social networks, the general
and private (due to the characteristics of the social network as a dialogue platform) features
of the virtual dialogue through the prism of its participants (virtual “I”, identities) and the
forms of their speech interaction (post and comment) are identified. The image of an authentic
dialogue in a social network as a verbal-nonverbal behavior of its participants is formed by
analyzing subjective speech acts in combination with their non-verbal discursive action. The
article is based on the report that is going to be presented at the XVIII International Congress
of Slavists in 2025.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the Contract
no. APVV-18-0176.

dc.subject

value: dialogue

value: virtual dialogue

value: social network

value: network culture

dc.title

value: Dialogue in Slovak social networks


dc.contributor.author

value: Cingerová, Nina

value: Dulebová, Irina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Cingerová N., Dulebová I. (2022). Specificity of Slovak masspersonal communication through the optics of media linguistics. Media Linguistics, 9 (3), 273–284. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.307 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the issue of Slovak masspersonal communication. In order to describe
its specificity, we research etiquette scenarios in online communication between the mayor of
the Slovak capital and its inhabitants. We rely on the theory and methodology presented in the
works of L. Duskaeva and D. Kępa-Figura, focusing on genre characteristics of initiating texts,
specificity of phatic and informational genres implementation, as well as positioning of communication
participants. The paper presents the most typical examples of the communication
scenario slots between the mayor and the city residents and determines the genre implementation
of each slot. We conclude that the statements of the political actor in the analysed polylogues
are implemented primarily in the informational genres. Most often in the speech genre
of reporting an event, notification, request, gratitude, appeal, warning, explanation, commitment.
By initiating a conversation, but also by reacting to the remarks, the political actor
seeks, first and foremost, to convey information. In the reactions to texts in the genres that
improve or deteriorate interpersonal relations, the scenario of dialogue deployment, in which
the political actor also participates, depends on its framing, and more precisely, whether he
acts in the role of “mayor”, “architect”, or, for example, in the role of “resident of Bratislava”,
“one of us”. The analysis carried out allows us to conclude that signs of person-centred communication
can be observed above all in the dialogues of representatives of the general public,
which, by initiating a conversation with such thematic dominants as topical issues of life in
the capital, are enabled to form and unite as a cohesive community. In the aspect of the study
of governmental media communication and the personalisation and positioning of a political
actor, however, this study not only touches upon the field of media linguistics but also directly
intersects with the field of political linguistics. The article is based on the report that is going
to be presented at the XVIII International Congress of Slavists in 2025.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: masspersonal communication

value: etiquette scenarios

value: social networks

value: institutional discourse


dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsova, Yulia M.

value: Mishlanov, Valerii A.

value: Salimovsky, Vladimir A.

value: Chudova, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuznetsova Yu. M., Mishlanov V. A., Salimovsky V. A., Chudova N. V. Category of speech system in modeling affective processes (based on the material of network communication). Media Linguistics, 9 (3), 190–209. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The goal of this paper is to convey the meaning of the category of speech system for computer
cognitive modeling. By implementing it, the authors prove the importance of supplementing
relational-situational analysis, based linguistically on the concept of functional syntax, with
the technology of creating templates which are the formalization of those sections of stylisticspeech
system that mark the mental processes under study. A review of works on speech system
since the 1920s is given. It is shown that in recent decades, when studying speech system,
the primary interest of linguists lies in the processes of verbal communication and in its main
unit — a text. It is noted that the quantitative aspects of the language functioning in various areas
and communicative situations are being examined not only in quantitative linguistics but
also in the works on artificial intelligence. We prove the hypothesis that the given approach to
the automatic analysis of texts is realized in all cases of social communicative practice, when
to express the certain affective states or cognitive actions, we can find relatively stable ways
of choosing and using linguistic means. From psychological point of view, this is the area of
compressed internal actions, which, if necessary, can be expanded and expressed in the form
of a verbal reaction or a verbal report. It is a broad research field covering the typologies underlying
the known psychological inventories or recorded in descriptions of human behavior in various spheres of activity. The paper demonstrates the resources to analyze stylistic-speech
system for the automatic search of professional crisis signs in social networks. The extensive
material presented by the fragments of 86 network discussions describes the patterns of choice
and use of multi-level language units to express the typical emotional states of currently experienced
professional crisis. The linguistic markers of the mentioned states are considered
in detail.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study is carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
within the framework of scientific projects no. 18-29-22047 mk and no. 19-29-07163 mk.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 3

value: speech system

value: text

value: cognitive modeling

value: network discussions

value: professional crisis

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Chernyshova, Tatyana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chernyshova T. V. (2022). Discrediting bullying in online dialogues (on the material of linguo expert practice). Media Linguistics, 9 (3), 170–189. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.301 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article presents the results of the study — discrediting cyberbullying in the polylogues of
network communication. The purpose of the study is to describe the options for the formation of defamatory cyberbullying in network communication and to identify some of its typological
features in comparison with conflicting texts of a defamatory orientation in the materials of
traditional print media based on the material of controversial texts that became the object
of litigation in 2019–2021. The study, conducted on the material of three types of aggressive
verbal behavior of network communicators — SMS correspondence, chat in the WhatsApp
messenger and personal correspondence in the same messenger, made it possible to clarify
some typological features of cyberbullying varieties as a distinct social problem that requires
discussion and search for solutions. A comparative analysis of public aggressive speech actions
associated with an attempt to discredit an opponent in traditional media (media) and social
messengers made it possible to identify their common and different features. The common
features, united by the strategy and tactics of discrediting, include: purposeful and pre-planned
choice of the victim, due to the situation of communication, goals, the implementation of
which is pursued by discrediting or offensive actions; conventionally or legally fixed rules of
speech behavior in public and private speech communication. The differences, in our opinion,
are primarily due to the type of discourse (institutional, interpersonal or mixed), the form
of language manifestation as a means of communication (written/printed, oral, electronic);
addressee factor (the number of participants involved in a speech conflict or observing it); a
set of linguistic and non-linguistic means selected for cyberbullying. We believe that modern
mass media serve as a kind of standard for the selection of speech means of communication,
not only in “real”, but also in modern virtual communication.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: network space

value: traditional media

value: defamation

value: defamatory cyberbullying


dc.contributor.author

value: Borokh, Olga N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Borokh O. N. Translations of W. S. Jevons in China in the Late Qing Dynasty. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2022, vol. 14, issue 3, pp. 558–576. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.311 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper examines the history of Chinese translations of the works of the British economist
W. S. Jevons in the late nineteenth — early twentieth centuries as part of the process of introduction
of Western scientific knowledge to China. The attention is focused on the translations of
Jevons’s Primer of Political Economy and his book The State in Relation to Labor. The terminological
features of Chinese translations of these works are analyzed, including the searches for
equivalents of modern scientific vocabulary in the heritage of Chinese culture. Jevons’s textbook
was translated by Joseph Edkins and Yan Fu, who proposed their methods of adapting the text to
the perception of the Chinese reader. The paper demonstrates that Edkins’s translation faithfully
followed the original and used Chinese terminology available at that time. The clarity of Jevons’s
textbook contributed to the dissemination of elementary knowledge of Western economics in
China. The Policy to Enrich the Nation and Support the People served in China as one of the earliest
sources of information about Adam Smith, his concept of division of labor, the theory of
exchange, the theory of wages, and the principles of taxation. Multiple versions of hieroglyphic
transliteration of Jevons’s name obstructed the formation of comprehensive vision of his legacy in China, therefore one of the objectives of the paper was to collect all available information
about Chinese translations of the economic works of the British scholar. Jevons’s theory of the
impact of natural factors on economic cycles influenced Liang Qichao, who compared it with
ancient Chinese ideas about the relationship of famine and natural disasters with location of
celestial bodies. After the translation of the Primer of Political Economy the focus of attention
shifted to Jevons’s works in industrial legislation and finances.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 14; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Western learning

value: political economy

value: translation of economic text

value: terminology

value: Chinese tradition

value: cultural adaptation


dc.contributor.author

value: Kushneruk, Svetlana L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kushneruk S. L. (2022). Framing of pre-election political situation in the Telegram channel discourse. Media Linguistics, 9 (3), 220–236. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.304 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper aims, within the cognitive-discursive paradigm, at analyzing framing of one of the
major political events in 2020 — the election of the President in Belarus, covered in the discourse
of a Telegram channel. The author focuses on identifying mechanisms of destructive
influence exerted on mass subscribers of a cross-platform messenger during a pre-election
period. The objective of the research is to systematize and analyze frames that generate meanings
that should influence Belarusian voters. In theoretical terms, the study is based on the
provisions crucial for Linguistics of information and psychological war and Framing theory.
The material for the analysis presents a selection of 2173 messages, posted in an oppositional
telegram channel within three months (from May 8 till August 8, 2020). The sociological understanding
of frame structures is important for the research. Its methodological implications
are discussed. The interpretation of strategic framing is developed to suit the aim of the
research and establish its role in consolidating protest sentiments and obtaining a planned
political response from the mass addressee. The key themes and issue-specific frames are reconstructed
to reveal how interpretive schemas model the pre-election political world. The
thematic field “the Belarussians” is characterized from the point of view of three functional
varieties of frames — diagnostic, prognostic and motivational. It is argued that posts in the opposition
discourse channel have a mobilization potential, directed at subscribers with the aim
of discrediting the official government. The research contributes to the theory of the language
of information war and ensures the interests of Russian state politics in the field of information
security and prevention of any aggression.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and EISR according to the
research project no. 21-011-31014 “Communicative support of anti-government demonstrations in Belarus
in 2020 (the case of the opposition channels of the Telegram messenger)”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: strategic framing

value: frame

value: telegram channel

value: Belarus 2020

value: media linguistics

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Zamaldinov, Vladislav E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zamaldinov V. E. (2022). Neologisms-hybrids in the texts of modern media communication. Media Linguistics, 9 (3), 210–219. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Neologisms-hybrids in the texts of modern media communication are analyzed. It is noted
that polycode is a combination of verbal and nonverbal components in the text. The author
refers to the descriptive-analytical method, structural-semantic method, word-formation
analysis, quantitative analysis. In addition, when selecting the material, a continuous sampling
technique is used. Special attention is paid to the identification of media innovations created
with the help of graphics. Such types of graphification as monografication, polygrafication, codografication,
typografication are analyzed. Monografication is implemented in the following
techniques: capitalization, hyphenation, parenthesis, holophrasis. It is emphasized that such
word-formation innovations reflect the creative abilities of journalists, attract the attention
of readers. In addition, the author describes polygramming. It is quite often implemented in
latinografication. The nominations created with the help of this type of pulsation focus the
attention of the addressees and affect their consciousness. Such a kind of graphic game as
codografication is demonstrated. It is confirmed that it is implemented in numerografication,
pictografication and inetografication. It is noted that in media communication, journalists can
use such signs from the financial and economic sphere as $ (dollar) and € (euro). However,
neoplasms with these symbols are less represented in the media space than other types of
graphization. It is proved that the considered word-formation innovations increase the expressiveness
of the media text. Neoplasms created with the help of typography are studied in
detail. It is implemented in color grading. Word-forming neologisms formed with the help of
this technique are used by the addressee to provide visual impact on native speakers. The following
main conclusions are made: neoplasms created by monografication prevail in the texts
of media communication; nominations attract the attention of readers, reflect the creative
abilities of journalists.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: polycode

value: media communication

value: word-formation innovations

value: graphization

value: impact


title: Adoption of views on quality management

dc.contributor.author

value: Skripko, Larisa E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Skripko L. Е. 2022. Adoption of views on quality management. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (3): 395–428. http://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu08.2022.304 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes and discusses different approaches to the periodization of scientific research
on quality management problems that appeared over the last 120 years. Based on the analysis, the
study proposes the author’s model of this scientific field development which includes three stages
and describes each of them. The issues of periodization of the evolution of scientific knowledge
are not popular and do not carry a practical orientation, however, without the systematization of
the studied issues, it is impossible to understand the mechanisms of the emergence of new ideas,
to assess the prospects and a long-term use of them as well as to predict the development of scientific
fields. The consideration of the history of the development of quality management, which
includes more than one century of doing various studies, is no exception. However, there is no
generally accepted view on the retrospective of the stage-by-stage development of these scientific
studies, which may cause a lack of understanding whether to include certain issues or not. Consideration
of four- and seven-stage models shows a lack of clear transition from one dominant
paradigm to another, it is not always possible to distinguish a period of “normal science” in each
of the stages; for some stages there are no concepts that lose their relevance due to the anomalies
that have appeared, and which should be discarded at the next stage of development. Therefore,
there is a need for a retrospective analysis of evolutionary approaches to the transformation of
views on quality management from modern positions.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 21; Issue 3

value: quality management

value: TQM

value: transformation of scientific views

value: stages of scientific field development

dc.title

value: Adoption of views on quality management


dc.contributor.author

value: Stoianova, Olga V.

value: Lezina, Tatiana A.

value: Ivanova, Victoria V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Stoianova O. V., Lezina T. A., Ivanova V. V. 2022. Strategic company management during digital transformation: Analysis of conceptions, approaches and methods. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (3): 370–394. http://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu08.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Nowadays, the level of digitalization of Russian companies varies greatly depending on their
scale, industry, form of ownership, etc. The low efficiency of management systems is one of the
key reasons for an insufficiently fast or unsuccessful digital transformation of many Russian companies,
which is caused both by the lack of management experience in the context of digital
transformation and the undeveloped mechanisms of such management. The latter circumstance
determines the important scientific problem of developing the methodological basis of strategic
management of companies during digital transformation; the initial stage of which is the analysis
of the current state of research in this area. The purpose of the study is to identify research prospects,
as well as problems that need to be solved to create a methodology for strategic management
of companies implementing digital transformation projects. A bibliometric and content
analysis of published works was carried out, including a multi-staged publication selection procedure,
which reduced the original list of papers from 516 items to 135 ones. The article offers
the answers to the following questions: what preconditions for changing the theory and practice
of management are created by digital transformation; what ideas and solutions concerning the
concept and methodology of strategic management are proposed by the scientific community.
Based on the systematization of the results of numerous studies, the paper identifies priority tasks
for the development of an improved strategic management methodology. These tasks include
improving the strategic management conception, enhancing strategic management mechanisms,
developing a system for identifying mechanisms for companies of different strategic orientations
and levels of readiness for digital transformation, and developing practice-oriented recommendations
for the integrated use of strategic management methods to provide information support
for the management processes in domestic companies.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 19-110-
50172.

dc.subject

value: digital transformation

value: strategic management

value: analysis of approaches

value: current state of research

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Smara, Rafik

dc.identifier.citation

value: Smara R. 2022. Innovation in times of crisis: A systematic literature review. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (3): 429–471. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu08.2022.305

dc.description.abstract

value:
Today the world faces significant economic and financial crises, which have drawn firms into
high levels of uncertainty and directly influences their innovation strategies. The literature on
organizational decline reveals a lack of agreement about the effects of decline on innovation. This
study aims to shed light on how economic crisis affects innovation and to provide a comprehensive
picture of the innovation constraints and determinants with a focus on environmental factors.
To add to the extant knowledge in the area of innovativeness in crisis, a systematic literature
review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was conducted.
70 conceptual and empirical research articles published in the period 2000–2021 from
highly ranked journals according to the Association of Business Schools rating were reviewed.
The article presents three identified patterns related to a firm’s innovation behaviour in crisis: а
cyclical behaviour in which most of companies reduce their costs and become more unwilling
to engage in innovation activities, a neutral behaviour with a view to keep the status quo, and a
counter-cyclical behaviour when companies tend to boost their innovation activities. The three
innovation behaviours are contingent on several factors that hamper innovation. Furthermore,
the findings suggest that innovation positively affects the performance of firms in the context of
crisis and this impact is contingent upon the level of environmental turbulence. This review contributes
to the extant knowledge on the adaptation of firms to adverse environments. The study
offers a nuanced understanding of the main innovation strategies to respond to the economic
downturn at the firm and country level, highlights benefits of innovation in highly turbulent settings
and gives a detailed description of factors that play an important role in counteracting the
negative effect of crisis on firms’ investment in innovations.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research has been conducted with financial support from the Russian Science Foundation grant
(project No. 21-78-10024, http://rscf.ru/project/21-78-10024).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 21; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: innovation

value: innovativeness

value: crisis

value: R&D

value: innovative ambidexterity

value: systematic review


dc.contributor.author

value: Volkova, Natalia V.

value: Plakhotnik, Maria S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Volkova N. V., Plakhotnik M. S. 2022. Students’ innovation competence: The relationship with academic performance and self-monitoring. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (3): 348–369. http://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu08.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of this paper is to identify differences in the measurement of innovation competence
among business school students as well as the relationship between their innovation competence
and academic performance along with self-monitoring. 247 undergraduate students
(18–21 years old) studying in the leading universities in Saint Petersburg, Russia participated
in the study. Data were collected using the Snyder’s self-monitoring scale and a new “Innovative
competence” scale. The latter was adapted for the Russian audience from the “Framework
for Innovation Competencies Development and Assessment” scale by reducing the number of
statements by means of a confirmatory factor analysis. The study showed that none of the five
components of innovation competence (creativity, critical thinking, teamwork, initiative, and
networking) is related to student academic performance. Overall, male participants showed
higher levels of self-monitoring than female participants. Also, our regression analysis indicated
a positive and statistically significant relationship between student levels of self-monitoring
and all five dimensions of their innovation competence. The new “Innovative competence” scale
can be used by institutions of higher educations as well as for-profit and non-for-profit organizations.
When levels of participants’ innovation competence and self-monitoring are assessed together, approaches to developing innovation potential among employees or students could
be identified. The scale should be further tested among participants of other age groups and
involved in different levels of education (e.g., graduate students) or types of educational institutions
(e.g., professional and career colleges). The new “Innovative competence” scale can be
used to measure levels of innovation competence among individuals with or without work experience
or employment status.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: innovation competence

value: academic performance

value: self-monitoring

value: knowledge economy

value: students

dc.title

size: 2 MB


dc.contributor.author

value: Golovacheva, Ksenia S.

value: Makarova, Olga V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golovacheva K. S., Makarova O. V. 2022. CX transformation of Tele2: From a discounter to a customer service leader. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (3): 472–494. http://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu08.2022.306 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The case is devoted to the transition of the telecommunications company Tele2 to a management
system based on the principles of continuous improvement of customer experience, or
CX-transformation. The case describes the development of Tele2 in the Russian cellular market
in 2003–2020. Firstly, it outlines the main aspects of the Tele2’s business strategy in 2003–2016.
Secondly, it provides a detailed description of events that took place in 2015–2016, when Tele2’s
financial and operational performance indicators dwindled, and the mobile operator was challenged
to develop a new business strategy that meets the changing market realities. Finally, there is a description of a new customer-focused strategy that implied the integration of customer
metrics into all organizational processes and the restructuring of the internal customer experience
management system. The case describes actions taken by the company during 2017–2020
to implement customer experience management practices and outlines the key results of Tele2’s
CX transformation. The case is based on Tele2’s internal reports, retrospective interviews with
the company’s representatives involved in the CX transformation process, and secondary opensource
information. The case can be used to discuss the prerequisites, goals, components, and
success factors of CX transformation.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 21; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: CX transformation

value: business strategy

value: key performance indicators

value: customer experience

value: customer experience metrics

value: Net Promoter Score

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Berezinets, Irina V.

value: Ilina, Yulia B.

value: Bobyleva, Alla Z.

value: Burov, Alexander N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Berezinets I. V., Ilina Yu. B., Bobyleva A. Z., Burov A. N. 2022. Private equity investment tenure and financial performance: Evidence from European PIPE transactions. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 21 (3): 327–347. http://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu08.2022.301

dc.description.abstract

value:
The role of private equity investments in a modern economy is growing. Private equity funds,
which operate in the industry, attract capital, and distribute it across a wide range of portfolio
companies. These funds hold their stakes in target companies’ capital for different periods of
time. Why would a private equity fund choose to invest in portfolio companies for a certain
period of time and what would be the impact of such investments on a portfolio company? Is
there any relationship between the tenure of investment and the performance of a target company?
This paper examines the relationship between the tenure of private equity investments in
public equity and financial performance of European companies. Performance is measured by
cash flow growth and net debt to EBITDA ratios. Private investments in public equity transactions
with public company targets located in Western European countries during a period from
2005 to 2016 were analyzed. The findings reveal the impact of private equity investor presence on
the performance of target companies and confirm non-linear effects of the relationships. A nonlinear
relationship between private investments in public equity investment tenure and target
company’s performance have been found both in terms of its solvency and cash flow growth rate.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research has been conducted with financial support from Graduate School of Business, Higher
School of Economics University (project No. 2022.004Р).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: private equity

value: investment tenure

value: private investments in public equity


dc.contributor.author

value: Daniš, Miroslav

dc.identifier.citation

value: Danish M. Scholarly and Educational Activities of Professor Perfecky in Slovakia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 961–982. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.317 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The presented study synthesizes both established as well as most recent knowledge on the life
and work of Professor Eugen Yulianovich Perfecky, who worked in Slovakia from 1922 until
his death in 1947. He was, among other things, a graduate of the University of St Petersburg
and an outstanding student of Professor A. A. Shakhmatov. The first group of Russian scholars
came to Czechoslovakia in 1921, and in the same year, at the suggestion and recommendation
of Prof. Vatroslav Jagič and Lubomír Niederle, he received an invitation to the newly
established Comenius University in Bratislava. Within E. Perfecky’s scholarly work, the two
most important areas of research were: the history of Subcarpathian Rus’ and analytical and
comparative research of medieval chronicles. E. Perfecky was a supporter of the Ukrainian
orientation of the national culture of Subcarpathian Russia. The outcomes of his research,
particularly in the comparative studies of Russian chronicles with German, Polish, Hungarian,
and Czech chronicles, significantly advanced the respective expertise, thus making him
a worthy successor to the Russian textological research of early Russian chronicles pioneered
by A. A. Shakhmatov. E. Perfecky maintanted a great scholarly network and worked closely
with C. Slavists, such as J. Bidlo, L. Niederle, K. Jirechek, M. Weingart, J. Macurek. He cooperated
with Professor Jagiсh in Vienna, with the Norwegian Slavist O. Brok, and other leading
Slavists in Poland and Germany. E. Perfecky also collaborated with a number of Russian and
Ukrainian emigrant historians. In Slovakia, E. Perfecky laid a solid foundation for further historical
research of Russian chronicles as well as for studies of the history of Eastern Europe.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: historical science

value: Russian emigration

value: E. Yu. Perfecky

value: scholarly contacts

value: Slovakia

value: Comenius University in Bratislava


dc.contributor.author

value: Korzinin, Alexander L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Korzinin A. L. The Court of the Grand Duchess of Lithuania and Queen of Poland Elena Ivanovna. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 667–691. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.301 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is a comprehensive study of the composition of the court of the Grand Duchess
of Lithuania Elena Ivanovna, daughter of the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan III and Sophia
Paleologina. The author comes to the conclusion that initially Ivan III tried to surround his
daughter with Moscow noblemen and Russian servants in a foreign land However, by September
1495, almost the entire retinue of Elena was sent to Moscow on the orders of Alexander
Kazimirovich, her husband. The court of the Grand Duchess was re-formed on the model
of the court of the Grand Duchess of Lithuania and the Queens of Poland. All key positions
in it (court-master, chancellor, сook, carver) were occupied by Lithuanian Catholic noblemen.
The female court of Elena Ivanovna was headed by the court-master who supervised
ladies-in-waiting (all of them were of Lithuanian origin and, probably, Catholics, with the
exception of one lady of the Orthodox faith who came with the princess from Moscow). Only
by 1511, the Orthodox princess became the court-master. Few Orthodox service people who
arrived in Lithuania from Russia held administrative positions in the princess’s domain. In
1509, after the rebellion of Prince M. L. Glinskii and his departure to Moscow, a number of
key figures (I. S. Sapega, M. Iundilovich) left the court of the Grand Duchess. The remaining
courtiers (Mitia Ivanovich, Kgetovt Kalinikovich, and others), although formally in her service,
in fact followed the instructions of the Lithuanian lords and were loyal to king Sigismund
the Old.

dc.subject

value: Grand Duchess Elena Ivanovna

value: Alexander Jagiellonchik

value: Ivan III

value: Sigismund I the Old

value: Court of the Grand Duchesses of Lithuania

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Mironov, Boris N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mironov B. N. Saint Petersburg at the Forefront of Demographic Transition in Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 709–732. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.303 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In post-reform Russia, a demographic transition began — a replacement of the traditional
type of population reproduction with the modern one. A significant part of the population
had rationalized demographic behavior; demographic indicators had improved; the efficiency
of population reproduction had increased; intra-family relations had been humanized; and
individual birth control had been developed — mainly in cities. The demographic transition
began earlier than is commonly thought — among the townspeople of the Saint Petersburg
province, where obvious signs of birth control and a decrease in mortality and marriage were
already revealed in the first half of the 19th century. The province was in the lead because it
was the most urbanized and one of the most cosmopolitan, and Saint Petersburg was the most
cosmopolitan city in Russia, which had intensive economic and cultural ties with the West,
where demographic transition had already begun at the end of the 18th century in France.
In the second half of the 19th century, it spread among the entire urban population, and at the
turn of the 19th–20th centuries — among the entire rural population of Russia, but to varying
degrees in individual provinces. Demographic indicators had improved because of the progress
of medicine and sanitation, the expansion of free medical care, an increase in the cultural
level of the population, a change in demographic mentality, and the beginning of birth control,
as well as due to an increase in the standard of living of the general population.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the grant No. 20-09-00353 from Russian Foundation for Basic Research
“The disintegration of the Soviet Union in the human dimension: An interdisciplinary study”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: demographic transition

value: Saint Petersburg and Moscow provinces

value: late Imperial Russia

value: traditional and modern type of population reproduction

value: fertility

value: mortality

value: nuptiality

value: improvement of demographic indicators

value: birth control


dc.contributor.author

value: Nazarenko, Kirill B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nazarenko K. B. The Number of Russian Naval Officers during the Civil War. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 749–771. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.305 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents some conclusions of a research project on the mass prosopographic analysis
of the “old” (mainly commissioned before October 1917) Russian naval officers during
the Civil War (1917–1922) — primarily, it concerns the number of representatives of this
category in the Red Fleet and in the main white groups. The article outlines the main historiography
and a range of problems researchers face: the objective lack of sources; the complex
and changeable structure of naval officership; different approaches of the Reds and the Whites
to the concept of “officer” or “person of the command staff”; the continuation of appointment
to officers by white governments; transfers to the fleet from the land army. The hypothesis put
forward by the author of this article in 2007 on this issue — that about 80 % of the “old” navy
officers served with the Reds during the Civil War — is being revised. The conclusion is that
about 42 % of the “old” navy officers served during the Civil War only in the Red Army; up
to 24 % of officers served at least for some time in various white formations; and about 34 %
of officers evaded participation in the Civil War. Conclusions are drawn about the number of
“old” naval officers in the main white formations. For the first time in historiography, the composition
of the Corps of Naval Officers (as part of Armed Forces of South Russia) is described.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

value: Civil War

value: Navy

value: officers

value: red

value: white

value: prosopographic analysis


dc.contributor.author

value: Tsintsadze, Nina S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tsintsadze N. S. Nature Management from the Perspective of the Ministers of Agriculture and State Property of the Russian Empire. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 733–748. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.304 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines how the reports of ministers of Agriculture and State Property reflected
the results of their official trips across the Russian Empire and their evaluation of the manifestation
of intensive use of natural resources. It also analyses the impact of their opinions and
suggestions with regard to the state nature management. The main methodological approach
lies in the ideas of environmental history — an interdisciplinary scientific area devoted to various
aspects of interaction between man and nature. Ministerial notes on the results of their
official trips, along with the State Audit Office, senatorial audits, annual reports of ministers
and governors, created an overall picture of the state affairs for the emperor. The article presents
an analysis of 11 reports by M. N. Ostrovskii and A. S. Ermolov for the 1880s–1900s based
on the archival and published sources. The duality of perception of environmental problems
by ministers is noted: they had to balance between the maximum use of natural resources for
the economy and the need to protect them from depletion. Often, the ministers’ suggestions
on the careful nature management were taken into account in the government decisions. Thus,
since the end of the 19th century, reclamation, reforestation, and other activities had been
actively carried out. Also, there was an intensive development of the Ural and Siberian resources.
The trips of the ministers of Agriculture and State property played an important role
in identifying, diagnosing, and minimizing the environmental problems. However, the state
nature restoration didn’t adequately compensate anthropogenic damage to nature. That was
because the state paid more attention to geopolitical and economic development, which led to
the extensive use and depletion of natural resources.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Russian Empire

value: Ministry of Agriculture and State Property

value: M. N. Ostrovskii

value: A. S. Ermolov

value: natural resources

value: nature management

value: environmental history

value: protection of nature

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Minaeva, Tatiana S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Minaeva T. S. Concession Export Trade of Foreign Merchants during the Reign of Peter the Great. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 692–708. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.302 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the study of the participation of Western European merchants in
the concession export trade of Russia in the reign of Peter I. Concession as a way of solving
financial problems was often used in the trade and customs policy of Russia in the 17th–18th
centuries. Having ascended the throne, Peter I continued to actively use the concession form
of foreign trade of the country. State-owned goods were transferred to the concession: caviar,
rhubarb, flax, bristles, sheep wool, timber, forest chemical products. The concession export
trade was mainly of interest to English and Dutch merchants, who had a large trade turnover
and established themselves as reliable business partners of the government and the tsar
personally, both in commercial and in diplomatic affairs. The state used the concessions not
only as a solution to financial issues but also as a means to carry out foreign trade in wartime
conditions, to obtain profitable trade orders abroad, to organize the sale of state-owned goods,
which were not always of high quality, to attract merchants to the development of the port
of Saint Petersburg, to encourage entrepreneurs who provided services to the Russian government.
Participation in the concession export trade was not always profitable for foreign
traders; some of the contracts were successfully implemented (for example, for the sale of
rhubarb, mast wood, pitch), but for some merchants, the implementation of the contracts
was very difficult for various reasons, and their hopes for obtaining large profits were not
justified.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: foreign trade

value: export

value: foreign entrepreneurs

value: concession

value: monopoly trade

value: Peter I


dc.contributor.author

value: Polynov, Matvey F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Polynov M. F. Implementation of Brezhnev’s and Gorbachev’s Doctrines towards Countries of Eastern Europe. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 772– 788. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.306 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes two concepts of the USSR’s policy towards its allies in Eastern Europe —
“Brezhnev doctrine” and “Gorbachev doctrine”. Relying on declassified documents of the Politburo,
the author shows that these “doctrines” were direct opposites, and their implementation
led to different consequences. The justification of the right to intervene for the sake
of saving socialism was substantiated in 1968, but the origin dates to the end of the Second
World War. The USSR and other countries of the Warsaw Pact — Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland,
the GDR — tried to find a compromise solution to overcome the situation in Czechoslovakia
and avoided deploying troops, but the Czechoslovak leadership didn’t comply with the accepted
joint agreements. Documents demonstrate that the main motive for the intervention
was the desire to save socialism and Czechoslovakia as part of the Warsaw Pact. Thus, there
was an attempt at prevention of redressing of balance of power in favor of NATO on the European
continent and at ensuring security. The revision of the “doctrine of limited sovereignty”
began in 1985 under the new General Secretary M. S. Gorbachev. The former policy aimed at
preserving the USSR’s sphere of influence was being replaced by the policy of creating a new
system of European security and building a “common European home”. The article shows that
during the Perestroika, it was not possible to develop an adequate policy that met the interests
of the USSR, which resulted in the withdrawal of the USSR from these countries. Subsequently,
they became members of NATO and turned into military and political opponents of Russia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Brezhnev doctrine

value: Gorbachev doctrine

value: Warsaw Pact

value: Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU

value: Soviet Union

value: Czechoslovakia

value: Dubcek

value: reforms

value: the introduction of troops


dc.contributor.author

value: Kudryavtsev, Alexander A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kudryavtsev A. A. Ancient Derbent in the History of the Early Christian World. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 910–929. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.314 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Derbent has gone down in history as an outstanding monument of world fortification erected
in the 5th–7th centuries AD to protect against the invasions of nomads of Eurasia. Extensive archaeological research of Derbent, under the guidance of the author, revealed completely
new stages of the city’s existence, and Derbent emerged not only as the main military and
political stronghold of the world powers of the medieval East in the Caucasus but also as the
largest economic and religious center of the region, where Christianity, Islam, Zoroastrianism,
and Judaism penetrated and developed early. Derbent acquired a special significance in the
history of the Christian world of the Caucasus during the reign of the Sasanian kings Yezdegerd
II (439–457) and Peroz (459–484), ardent opponents of Christianity, when the struggle
of the peoples of the Caucasus with the “teaching of magicians” severely aggravated. The Derbent
fortifications began to play an important role in the anti-Iranian uprisings of the Caucasian
rulers who relied on the nomads and mountaineers of the North Caucasus in their fight
against the Sasanians. It was in the 60s of the 5th centuries, as our excavations have shown, that
a cruciform temple was erected in the citadel of Derbent, which was transformed at the beginning
of the 17th century into a reservoir. The most recent geophysical research, conducted
in 2020, using georadar and laser scanning and photogrammetry confirmed the data obtained
during the excavations about the religious purpose of the cross-domed structure in the citadel
and its identification with the Christian temple of the 5th century, one of the oldest in Russia.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Derbent

value: Christianity

value: Zoroastrianism

value: Albans

value: Sasanians

value: nomads

value: uprisings

value: religious center

value: temple

value: archaeological excavations

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Harutyunyan, Hakob Zh.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Harutyunyan A. Zh. Phrygia According to the Works of Khorenatsi and Shirakatsi. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 789–799. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.307 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
“Ancient Armenian Geography” (or “Ashkharatsuits”, literally — “World Map”) calls Phrygia
the fifth among all the countries of Universal Asia, which is located between Lycia and
Paphlagonia. Partly based on “The Geography” by Ptolemy, “Ancient Armenian Geography”
complements the Greek author with its information. Outlining the borders of Phrygia, “Ashkharatsuits”
shows the territorial limits that this state reached in the first half of the I millennium
BC (especially in the 8th–6th centuries). These centuries can be characterized as the “golden
era” of Phrygia since almost all of western Asia Minor was part of this kingdom, and Phrygia
reached its apogee during this period. The authors of the Armenian source do not mention
any historical person and speak exclusively about geography (administrative-territorial divisions,
urban map orography, hydrography, plains, etc.). All the data of the Armenian text
have been scrupulously examined and compared/collated with the information of Ptolemy, as
well as with the information ranging from the Bible and Strabo’s “Geography” to the works of
the Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus. Only a hermeneutic approach to the issue will
make it possible to remove all the “brackets” since if the main text of “Ashkharatsuits” was
written in the 5th century by Khorenatsi, then from a geographical perspective the source was
supplemented in the 7th century by Shirakatsi. Information about the administrative division
of Onoratia is also important, as well as its historical and geographical description — all this
sheds light on the problem of studying both Onoratia and Phrygia. “Ashkharatsuits” traces the
evolution undergone by Phrygia during its history.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Phrygia

value: Ancient Armenian geography (Ashkharatsuits)

value: the peninsula of Asia Minor

value: administrative-territorial divisions

value: Movses Khorenatsi

value: Anania Shirakatsi


dc.contributor.author

value: Yener, Emir

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yener E. Reconsidering the Campaign of Dnieper Liman. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 817–832. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.309

dc.description.abstract

value:
The naval campaign of the Dnieper Liman, fought from the autumn of 1787 to the end of
1788, was one of the most decisive maritime confrontations in the modern history of the
Eastern Mediterranean. Fought in conjunction with two major siege operations, the campaign
between the naval forces of the Ottoman and Russian empires decided the fate of the key
Turkish fortress of Özi (Ochakov), which controlled the mouth of the Dnieper. The campaign
was part of the Russian empress Catherine II’s second war with the Ottomans, a confrontation
initiated by the Porte in response to Catherine II’s provocative “Greek Project” and fought with
the aim of liberating the Crimean Khanate, annexed by Russia through force of arms in 1783.
For the Ottoman side, the decisive operation was the storming and reduction of the Russian
fortress of Kinburn, which blocked access to the Crimean interior. Since both Russians and
Turks were fighting at the furthest point from their supply lines, gaining naval support and
superiority was of paramount importance. Conscious of the role of sea power, Ottomans had
prepared the greatest armada they ever put to the seas since the Morean Wars of 1684–1718,
greatly outnumbering their adversary, the nascent Russian Black Sea Fleet. The protracted
campaign of Liman resulted in the most shattering and costly Ottoman naval defeat of the
Russo-Turkish Wars. Russia’s much trumpeted but in reality barren victory at Chesma in
1770 pales in comparison regarding the strategic results of the Liman campaign. The incident
also serves as a perfect case study to reassess the Age of Sail in the Mediterranean.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

value: Catherine II

value: Russo-Turkish Wars

value: Russian Navy

value: Ottoman Navy

value: Black Sea Fleet

value: sea power

value: amphibious warfare

value: naval technology

value: siege warfare


dc.contributor.author

value: Tolstikov, Alexander V.

value: Rybakov, Vladimir V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tolstikov A. V., Rybakov V. V. The First Russian Interpreters in Early Modern Sweden. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 800–816. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.308 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reconstructs lives of several Russian-language interpreters acting in Sweden during
the reign of Gustav I Vasa (1523–1560) on the basis of Swedish and Russian archival sources.
The socio-professional group of Russian-language interpreters (ryssetolkar) has been well
known in Sweden since late 16th century, and its best times (mainly in the 17th century) are
thoroughly studied by the Finnish historian Kari Tarkiainen. The authors suggest that the
origins of this group should be sought in late 1530s — early 1540s, and that the Hanseatic
environment might have played a part in this process at its earliest stage because the first interpreters
known to us by names, Albrecht Tolck and Larens van Värnen, seem to have been of
German origin, although we know very little of them. Three other ryssetolkar — Michel Andersson,
Hans Larsson Skalm, and especially Bertil Jöransson (Jörensson, Göransson) — are
somewhat better known. The authors conclude that close connections to Finland, especially
to the castle of Viborg (Fin. Viipuri, Rus. Vyborg), were typical of the members of this socio-
professional group at the very initial phase already. In addition, the sources of the period
in question show that prospective interpreters could go to Russia to study Russian and that
they sometimes were bound by family ties. The two latter features were not so prominent in
the first half of the 16th century, but they would become very typical of the ryssetolkar community
later on.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article is supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation, project “Russian state in the international
relations in the end of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th century: Study and publication of the diplomatic
correspondence” (No. 20-18-00432), project leader — K. E. Jerusalimsky. The authors express their deep
gratitude to Professor Kimmo Katajala and University Researcher Yuri Shikalov (University of Eastern
Finland) for their consultation and bibliographical assistance.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: social history

value: ryssetolk

value: interpreter

value: diplomacy

value: Sweden

value: Russia

value: Gustav Vasa

value: Ivan IV

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Markelov, Gleb V.

value: Semiachko, Svetlana A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Markelov G. V., Semiachko S. A. Autographs of the Stolniks Melnitskii in the Ancient Storage of the Pushkin House. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 998–1016. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.319 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents autographs of Nazarii Petrovich, Iakov Nazar’evich and Ivan Nazar’evich
Melnitskii kept in the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academmy
of Science, in the Ancient Storage (Drevlekhranilishche) named after V. I. Malyshev: their
letters to their close relative Gavrila Alexandrovich Melnitskii and the Latin-Russian dictionary,
the Latin part of which was written by Iakov Nazar’evich Melnitskii. The letters of Iakov
and Ivan Melnitskii relate to the different circumstances of the Crimean campaigns of the late
17th century, in the first of which Nazarii Petrovich Melnitski was involved (he was responsible
for escorting to Azov suppliers of provisions caught in embezzlement), while his sons Nikita
and Semen participated in the second (Nikita served under the command of Patrick Gordon).
A letter from Nazarii Melnitski tells about the circumstances of his dispatch to serve in the
conquered Tavan’ and Kazykermen’. Letters date back to 1695, 1696, and 1698/99. They were
sent from Moscow, presumably, to the estate of G. A. Melnitskii. The Latin-Russian dictionary,
in the creation of which Iakov Nazar’evich Melnitskii played the main role, is not only of
lexicographic interest. On the one hand, it allows us to evaluate the education of the Petrine
generation of service people; on the other hand, — to make some observations regarding the
organization of scribal work in creating such books. Iakov Melnitskii not only wrote the Latin
part of the dictionary, but also organized people who filled out its Russian part, and paid for
their work. Despite the fact that the Russian part of the dictionary was not completed, the
book was bound. Iakov Melnitskii gave it a complete look, writing the chapters and placing
the output note on the binding sheets. The article suggests a paleographic analysis of the
manuscripts under consideration and demonstrates both the general features characteristic of
the manuscript culture of the beginning of the Petrine era and the individual features of each
scribe. The article is supplemented by the publication of samples of the handwriting of stolniks
Melnitskii and the texts of three their letters.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education
of the Russian Federation (project “History of European civilization writing” No. 13.1902.21.0034).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 67; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Melnitskii

value: stolnik

value: clerk

value: Crimean campaigns

value: letter

value: Latin-Russian dictionary

value: manuscript culture

value: handwriting


dc.contributor.author

value: Bystryukov, Vladimir Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bystryukov V. Y. Eurasianism from the Point of View of Erengen Khara-Davan. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2022, vol. 67, issue 3, рp. 945–960. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.316 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The personality of E. Khara-Davan is a landmark for characterizing the history of the peoples
of our country in the first half of the 20th century. He became one of the first Kalmyk students
who received higher education at the university of the Russian Empire, and the first doctor
among the Kalmyk people. He took part in the events of 1917–1920 in southern Russia, collaborated
with the Russian Provisional Government, the Soviet government, and the white
movement. In the modern historiography, E. Khara-Davan is quite often called a member of
the Eurasian movement, who made a great contribution to the formation of its ideology. However,
this view contrasts with the fact that he was not part of any organization of the movement
and published only two articles in Eurasian publications. The main topic of his works was the
history, current state and future structure of the Kalmyk people. There is no doubt that he
was deeply influenced by the ideas of the Eurasians, which is especially evident in the texts on
the Mongol Empire history as well as in his main work — the book “Genghis Khan as a commander
and his legacy”. His assessments of the influence of the Mongols on the development
of Russian statehood were of a pronounced “Eurasian” character. However, outside of this
discourse, the works of E. Khara-Davan practically did not intersect with Eurasian concepts
in any way, and even diverged in characterizing the current state and future structure of the
peoples of Russia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Eurasian movement

value: Eurasianism

value: Russia-Eurasia

value: E. Khara-Davan

value: P. N. Savitskii

value: Kalmyk emigration

value: the history of the Mongol Empire

value: nomadic studies