title: Perfect in the Old Uighur Language

dc.contributor.author

value: Telitsin, Nikolay N.

value: Alieva, Kamilla A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Telitsin N. N., Alieva K. A. Perfect in the Old Uighur Language. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 332–344. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the semantic nature of the Turkic perfect, its semantic zone limitations
and possible grammar tools of expressing Perfect in the Old Uighur language. Goals. The
study aims to determine grammar tools of expressing Perfect meanings in the Old Uighur language.
Morphological tools that are able to perform the meanings included into the semantic
zone of Perfect are being studied. Perfect and description of its semantic zone are connected
with the concepts of aspect, actionality and ways of verbal action. In this regard, the issue of
the relevance of these terms, in relation to the Old Uighur perfect, is under discussion. The
grammar tools expressing Perfect are studied according to the point of view that excludes
Aspect as a grammar category in the Turkic languages. Studying aspectual and temporal
meanings of Perfect diachronically on the basis of the Od Uighur material may give a hint to
understand the Turkic perfect and its expressions in genetically related modern languages.
Functional-semantic and typological methods are used to identify and describe morphological
tools with a perfect meaning. Scripts of the Old Uighur language, dated back to 10th–11th
centuries, are of biographical and religious-philosophical content. Work with scripts, comprehension
of existing theoretical approaches to understanding Perfect as an element of aspectual
functional-semantic field show that Perfect meanings in the Old Uighur language are expressed
by morphological tools that can be correlated with models. The study concludes that
means expressing the Perfect meaning in the Old Uighur language are able to mark temporal
localization and/or aspect.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Turkic languages

value: Old Uighur language

value: scripts

value: aspect

value: aspectuality

value: perfect

value: analytical forms

value: periphrastic forms

value: Perfect in the Old Uighur Language


dc.contributor.author

value: Badina, Svetlana V.

value: Babkin, Roman A.

value: Skobeev, Nikita M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Badina, S. V., Babkin, R. A., Skobeev, N. M. (2023). Changes in the spatial vulnerability of the large cities population to natural and man-made hazards under the influence of housing construction. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (2), 357–377. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value: The study purpose is to assess the degree of influence of the new large residential complexes commissioning on the main parameter of the spatial vulnerability of the Moscow population to natural and man-made hazards – its density. For this purpose, the key indicators of housing commissioning in Moscow for 2011-2021 were analyzed. The use of Big Data (data from mobile operators) made it possible to determine the actual change in population density for 2018-2019 on the largest possible scale – in cells of 500 by 500 m. The indicators of the present population density according to the mobile operators’ data on weekday winter nights in 2018 and 2019 were compared with indicators of growth in the housing stock for the considered period. The established dependence of these indicators can later be used to predict the intracity dynamics of the population in studies of natural and man-made risks, when longer time series of mobile operators’ data become available for Moscow. In addition, this study also considered the factors of increasing natural and man-made hazards in Moscow districts associated with housing construction. It was found that due to the limited free land resources for new construction on the territory of Old Moscow, most housing complexes are localized in areas of increased engineering-geological and technogenic danger. Additional risk factors are an increase in the number of storeys and building density. They are characterized by a steady positive trend over the period under review.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and Moscow city Government
according to the project no. 21-35-70004. The authors are grateful to the Department of Information
Technologies of the Moscow Government and to the Genplan Institute of Moscow for the provided data.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 68; Issue 2

value: population vulnerability

value: natural and man-made risks

value: mobile operators’ data

value: Moscow municipalities

value: housing construction

dc.type

value: Article

filename: 08 науки о Земле.pdf

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Storozhuk, Alexander G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Storozhuk A.G. Illustrated Edition Liao Zhai Zhiyi Tuyong, Published in 1886: Reprints  and Imitations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2,  pp. 345–358. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Editions of the famous story collection “Liao Zhai zhi yi” (聊齋志異, Strange Tales from a
Chinese Studio) by Pu Songling (蒲松齡, 1640–1715) were numerous and various in the 19th
century. A special place among them holds the lithograph, printed in 1886 on the funds of
tycoon Xu Run (徐潤, 1838–1911); the edition contains an abundant collection of illustra tions and specially written poetic inserts. The lithograph was titled “Xiangzhu Liao Zhai zhi
yi tuyong” (詳註聊齋誌異圖詠, Illustrated and Commented “Strange Tales from a Chinese
Studio”) and begot a great number of imitations and fakes among Chinese editions of the end
of the 19th — beginning of the 20th centuries. Sometimes they were done so beautifully that
happened to be practically undistinguishable from the original; sometimes they deliberately
demonstrated their individuality, having become autonomous works of printing art with aes thetic peculiarities of their own. Along with that beginning of the 20th century generated a
number of typographically printed editions, but their design either repeated or stood very
close to the original Shanghai publication. The tradition happened to be very tenacious, so
that contemporary editions continue copying exterior of the 1886 collection. Purpose of this
article is to outline the main features of the original 1886 lithograph and its major later re prints until 1930s and their significant for attribution codicological peculiaritie.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Pu Songling

value: Liao Zhai zhi yi

value: lithograph

value: codicological descriptions

value: reprints

dc.title

filename: 08 Востоковедение.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Okunev, Igor Yu.

value: Kushnareva, Anna E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Okunev, I. Yu., Kushnareva, A. E. (2023). Alternative spatial weights matrices: Methodology and application in calculating LISA. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (2), 390–413. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The heuristic potential of spatial methods depends heavily on thechoice ofa spatial weight
matrix. The article illustrates the creation and use ofabsolute geographic versus relative socio-
political matrix and tests both by calculating spatial autocorrelation for development indicators.
Particularly, a comparison is made of spatial association patterns in geometric and
geopolitical space on a sample of the 193 UN member states. The Moran’s I is calculated to
assess the degree of the neighborhood effect for both matrices. International clustering patterns
are explored with local indicators of spatial association (LISA), plotted on a map with
the two types of matrices. Comparing LISA cartograms helps identify possible opportunities
for socio-political phenomena to spread throughout space, as well as the trends inthe spatial
organization of the international politics. Carrying out calculations with different matrices
allows us to single out groups of observations that constitute the core of the cluster. On the
contrary, “transitive” observations that change their cluster affiliation in a supposedly homogeneous
group, can also be detected. Also, the usage of different types of weight matrices can
help highlight the “gray zones” — parts of the data set that lack spatial autocorrelation and
may require additional research. Overall, the results suggest that usingboth absolute topological
and relative socio-economic weight matrices is reasonable for the purposes of exploratory
spatial analysis. Using matrices based on different types of variables concurrently can assist in
detecting new trends in spatial organization and providing empirical confirmation for existing
spatial patterns.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was conducted as part of the Russian Science Foundation scholarship project no. 19-78-
10004.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 68; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: spatial weights matrix

value: relative neighbourhood

value: local indicators of spatial association

value: spatial autocorrelation

value: political geography

value: system of international relations

value: geopolitical bloc


dc.contributor.author

value: Ryzhov, Igor V.

value: Borodina, Maria U.

value: Savicheva, Elena M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ryzhov I. V., Borodina M. Yu., Savicheva E. M. The Middle East: Seeking a New Security Architecture in a Changing World. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 418–435. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.213 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article focuses on one of the global problems of international relations — creation of a regional
security system in the Middle East. There is no multilateral process in the region aimed
at the regional stability maintenance, as well as effective mechanisms for controlling conflict
and crisis zones. The authors put forward the goal of identifying new trends and prospects for
ensuring security in the region. They analyze the accumulated experience, in particular, such
security initiatives as the Damascus Declaration, “Peninsula Shield”, “Interpol of the Gulf ”,
“Arab NATO”. The weaknesses and strengths of these projects are noted, and significant processes
and events in the implementation of these initiatives are highlighted. Particular emphasis
is placed on the Gulf sub-region. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by
necessity to examine and understand new processes and phenomena at the level of interstate
interaction in the region and in the field of security as a whole. The provisions of the concept
of regional security complexes by B. Buzan and O. Weaver turned out to be useful for
the discourse on security threats and their dynamics in the region. They conclude that the
establishment of an inclusive security system in the Middle East appears to be a long-term
and multi-layered process. It is necessary to consider the declared problem in a wide context,
affecting not only military security issues, but also political, social, economic stability, taking
into account the totality of the national interests of all states of the region and the participation
of extra-regional actors in this process as well.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework
of the scientific project number 20-014-00039A “Models and risks of cooperation in the Middle East
region in the first quarter of the 21st century”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 15; Issue 2

value: Middle East

value: regional security

value: GCC

value: Peninsula Shield

value: Arab NATO

value: Interpol of the Gulf

value: ACRS

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Timokhin, Dmitry M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Timokhin D. M. The Sedition in Khorezm in the Second Half of the 12th Century and Its Consequences: According to Pre-Mongol Muslim Sources. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 359–374. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.209 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines the period of internecine struggle in the Khorezm state after the death of
Khorezm Shah Abu’l-Fath Il-Arslan (1156–1172) between his sons — Sultan Shah Mahmud
and ‘Ala’ ad-Din Tekish. Despite the fact that this episode from the Anushteginid dynasty is
relatively well known to scholars, there has not yet been a single special study of how well
this internecine war or the “Khorezmian sedition” was reflected in the synchronous Muslim
texts of the 12th century, as well as in the writings of the early 13th century. Most of those who
in their works tried to describe the struggle between these brothers for the Khorezm throne
were based mainly on Muslim historical writings of the Mongol era. Here we see as our goal
to consider the description of the “Khorezm sedition” in the monuments of the pre-Mongol period and compare the amount of information in them about this with the texts of a later
time — this will allow not only to understand how detailed the event is described by the early
authors in comparison with the later ones, but to identify possible continuity between them.
Our research will also allow us to identify gaps in the description of the struggle between Sultan-
Shah Mahmud and ‘Ala’ ad-Din Tekish in early texts, emphasize the facts of the “Khorezm
sedition” relatively known to the authors of this period and thereby show what kind of picture
of events is being built if we focus only on the writings of the pre-Mongol time. As a result, we
hope to trace a certain evolution of the description of the war for the Khorezm throne in the
Muslim writings of the 12th–13th centuries.

dc.subject

value: Khorezm

value: Abu-l-Fath Il-Arslan

value: Sultan-Shah Mahmud

value: ‘Ala’ ad-Din Tekish

value: Muslim historical writings

value: Ibn al-Asir

value: Qara Khitai

value: Ghurids


dc.contributor.author

value: Gerasimov, Igor V.

value: Vlasenkova, Ekaterina S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gerasimov I. V., Vlasenkova E. S. West African Immigration to Sudan: Areas of Settlement, Interaction with Sudanese Tribes and Cultural Characteristics. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 375–384. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.210

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper addresses the actual topic of migrations that have been occured for centuries on
the African continent. The authors analyze the routes of West African pilgrims who made the
hajj to Mecca, the reasons and areas of settlement of these groups in the territory of modern
Sudan. It is described in detail about the ethnonyms which sudanic people use for “alien”
population, paying special attention to the terms “takrur” and “fellata”. Despite the preservation
of their native language, the settlers mastered the Arabic language and culture. West African
migrants try to live in compact groups together with their compatriots in various areas
of the Sudanese state. Their settlements are located in Jibal Nuba (Kordofan), in Darfur, on the
banks of the Blue Nile and even in Eastern Sudan, not to mention the Sudanese capital and
other major cities. A large group of Takrur has been living for several centuries on the border
of Sudan and Ethiopia, in an area known in Arabic as Ras al-fil (Elephant’s Head). Attention
is drawn to their quite peaceful interaction with local Arab tribes, such as, for example, the
Dabaina. Natives of West Africa were early involved in the orbit of Sufi orders, as reported in
Ibn Daifallah’s large-scale work “Kitab at-Tabaqat”. Some people from Takrur themselves were
active propagandists of both official and Sufi Islam in Sudan. Religious and economic factors
undoubtedly had a huge impact on the waves of migration to the area of modern Sudan. The
authors refer to the works of Western, Russian, Sudanese and Nigerian researchers, the reports
of early Arab geographers thereby summarizing the phenomena, information about the regions,
resettlement, and people from the observations in Sudan.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: fellata

value: takrur

value: Sudan

value: migration

value: West African pilgrims

value: Islam


dc.contributor.author

value: Pramono, Retno Widodo Dwi

value: Putri, Ramadhani Nuresa

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pramono, R. W. D., Putri, R. N. (2023). Socio-spatial aspects contributing to the spread of COVID-19 in Yogyakarta Province (Indonesia). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 68 (2), 378–389. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.209

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the early pandemic, the positive cases of COVID-19 predominately occurred in the
big cities in Indonesia. However, the virus spread rapidly and extensively across the cities
and districts. This shows that the COVID-19 pandemic is limited to urban areas and has
spread widely to more remote area This study aims to investigate the correlation between
socio-economic characteristics against the spread of confirmed COVID-19 cases. In this
study, we collected data from residents with confirmed positive for COVID-19 and their
socio-economic profiles in 78 subdistricts in the Special Region of Yogyakarta province,
Indonesia. The collected data were statistically analyzed in three sequential steps, including
a correlation test, classic assumption test (e. g., normality test, homoscedasticity test, and
non-multicollinearity test), and multiple regression test to determine the correlation between
the COVID-19-infected population and the socio-economic data in each subdistrict
(as dependent variables). The results demonstrated that regions with more urban character,
particularly socio-economic, were more susceptible to COVID-19 infection during the first
year of the pandemic. However, the socio-spatial aspects such as population density as one
of the requirements for the “compact cities” and the proportion of built-up land area were
not contributing factors to the viral transmission. Socio-spatial aspects may influence the
risk of virus transmission, but not as significantly as social factors and human behavior in
an area. Therefore, efforts to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus must be more focused
on social factors and human behavior.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 68; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: socio-spatial aspect

value: socio-economic aspect

value: transmission

value: Yogyakarta — Indonesia

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Tregubova, Natalia D.

value: Stepanov, Alexander M.

value: Lisitsyn, Pavel P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tregubova N. D., Stepanov A. M., Lisitsyn P. P. The Images of the Nation in Migrant Social Media: А Comparative Analysis of VKontakte Groups from Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 398–417. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.212 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents the results of a study that is part of a broader project aimed at analyzing
online activities of migrants to Russia from Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. This research lies at the intersection of migration studies and nationalism
studies. The authors seek to characterize the images of the nation and related discussions in
online groups on migration topics. The focus of empirical analysis is five VKontakte groups
discussing various news and stories about the country of origin, including news on migration
to Russia. The methods are online observation supplemented by discourse analysis of posts
and comments. The authors aim to answer the following questions: How do the participants
construct the images of the nation? What is debatable and what is in consensus? How are the
images of the nation and Islam related? How is migration to Russia characterized? Basing on
empirical analysis, the authors characterize three images of the nation: “modernizing state”
(Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan), “Muslim nation, but not Islamic state” (Tajikistan and Uzbekistan),
“nation united by common enemies” (Azerbaijan). For the first one, the main sources
of tension are class divisions and vectors of nation’s development. For the second one, Islam
is considered as an important part of the national culture, and there are discussions, which
type of identity, national or religious, is more significant. The third image is characterized by
internal divisions which lose their importance in the face of the external enemy. In conclusion
the authors discuss implications of research results for understanding migration processes in
the post-Soviet space, including radicalization of migrants.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 18-78-
10049.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: migration to Russia

value: transnational migration

value: nationalism

value: Central Asia

value: Azerbaijan

value: social media

value: social networks


dc.contributor.author

value: Vorkina, Kseniia S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vorkina K. S. Changing the Image of Woman and the Family Model: Rethinking the Traditional Way of Life in the Current Realities of Japanese Society. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 385–397. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.211 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper focuses on the study of the image of Japanese mothers in modern Japanese society
in the context of rethinking the traditional way of life. In the course of the research, there was
made an attempt to establish what underlies the value model of modern Japanese women
and to analyze the degree of influence of habitual traditional gender stereotypes. The author
considers the phases of the formation of the family institution in Japan and states that the
principles of Confucian ethics, manifested in the presence of moral norms of behavior, attitudes
and prescriptions, can be traced in the minds of modern Japanese. However, in the
conditions of accelerated socialization of women and the ongoing process of atomization of
families, the burden of responsibility from traditional expectations put on a woman increases,
leading to adverse consequences in the form of “neuroses in the background of raising children”.
The article discusses the changes in the structure of female employment over the past
decades, in order to identify problems associated with the distribution of gender roles and the
changing position of Japanese women in society. As a result of the study, it was suggested that
despite the tendency in Japan to shift the value model towards individualism, the features of
traditional family ideology are preserved, as evidenced by the presence of numerous proverbs
and idioms of the Japanese language dedicated to family relationships and based on Confucian
ethics. In such a society, social roles and labor functions are still divided and consolidated, the
observance of the hierarchy is maintained, despite the disintegration of traditional ties, social
division, separation from the clan and large family groups.

value: Japanese women

value: Japanese mother

value: transformation of the views

value: gender stereotypes

value: generation of social connections

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Proskurnina, Elena V.

value: Ivanov, Denis V.

value: Redko, Alexander A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Proskurnina E. V., Ivanov D. V., Redko A. A. SARS-CoV-2 post-vaccination adverse reports: A review. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2023, vol. 18, issue 2, pp. 112–140. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2023.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Acute respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus was the cause of the pandemic
announced in March 2020. To prevent this disease, various vaccines have been developed
and introduced into mass use, including on an innovative gene platform. The aim of
the review is to analyze foreign literature on post-vaccination complications with the use of
foreign vaccines, as well as whole-virion vaccines for the period 2021 — January 2023. The
sources used in the publication were obtained from the Medline database, as well as articles
in peer-reviewed journals and official reports. Post-vaccination complications are associated
with specific damage to organs or systems either directly by the vaccine itself or indirectly as a
result of exacerbation of the chronic process. The pathogenesis of post-vaccination complications
depends on the composition of the vaccine. All complications were grouped by organs
and systems. Vaccines containing SARS-CoV-2 antigens can activate autoimmune reactions
due to homology, as well as activation of existing reactions in predisposed patients, which
is confirmed by the effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy. Innovative platforms using
gene technologies are so complex and profoundly active that they can be introduced into broad medical practice only after a thorough and comprehensive study of the effects and mechanisms.
Scientific achievements should follow the ethical principles of healing, and above all
primum non nocere. Experts around the world emphasize the need for continued monitoring
of people’s condition in order to protect their health and assess the long-term safety of drugs.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: vaccination

value: adverse reactions

value: review


dc.contributor.author

value: Blokhin, Arseniy A.

value: Shishkin, Alexander N.

value: Minkin, Sergey R.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Blokhin А. A., Shishkin A. N., Minkin S. R. Methods for assessing comorbidity and its role in patients with cardiac pathology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2023, vol. 18, issue 2, pp. 94–111. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2023.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
There are several different definitions of the combination of multiple nosology within one
organism: comorbidity, multimorbidity, syntropy, and dystropy, etc. Comorbidity is an important
component of pathophysiological processes, which has a significant impact on the
course and outcome of cardiac diseases in patients. Therefore, in recent decades, researchers
have been actively engaged in the problem of assessing the degree of contribution of comorbidity
to the overall state of the body. For this purpose, a number of scales and indices of
comorbidity have been developed, which allow estimating the burden of comorbidity on the
underlying disease within certain groups of diseases. Consideration of comorbidity in routine clinical practice allows to increase reliable prognostic assumptions and correctly build
a therapeutic strategy. As a result, it improves patients’ quality of life, allows them to achieve
favorable outcomes, and most effectively prevents complications in patients with comorbidity.
The assessment of comorbidity in cardiological, endocrinological, oncological, and neurological
pathologies is particularly important, since they have the most general negative effect on
the entire patient’s body.

dc.subject

value: polymorbidity

value: comorbidity

value: cardiology

value: systemic diseases

value: pathophysiology

value: comorbidity indices

value: rating scales


dc.contributor.author

value: Talyshinskii, Ali E.

value: Kamyshanskaya, Irina G.

value: Mischenko, Andrey V.

value: Guliev, Bakhman G.

value: Bakhtiozin, Rustam F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Talyshinskii A. E., Kamyshanskaya I. G., Mischenko A. V., Guliev B. G., Bakhtiozin R. F. Application of artificial intelligence in the detection and stratification of prostate cancer: Literature review. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2023, vol. 18, issue 2, pp. 150–166. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2023.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This review examines the current methodologies employed in utilizing artificial intelligence
for the identification and classification of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging data. It outlines the volume of data utilized and highlights the most commonly sought-after
sequences employed for training neural networks. The review further presents the accuracy
metrics of the neural networks analyzed, accompanied by a succinct explanation of each metric.
Furthermore, the review pinpoints the limitations associated with contemporary neural
networks devised for the detection and classification of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance
imaging data, as well as the challenges encountered during their creation and implementation.
In summary, this comprehensive analysis delves into the existing approaches in
leveraging artificial intelligence for prostate cancer detection and stratification through magnetic
resonance imaging data. It addresses the data scale and preferred magnetic resonance
imaging sequences employed for neural network training. The review provides a breakdown
of accuracy indicators for the neural networks evaluated, elucidating their respective capabilities.
Moreover, the review identifies the drawbacks associated with current neural network
models developed for prostate cancer detection and stratification via magnetic resonance imaging
data, while also recognizing the complexities involved in their development and practical
application.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: prostate cancer

value: MRI

value: artificial intelligence

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Erofeeva, Elena V.

value: Khudyakova, Ekaterina S.

value: Glazanova, Evgeniya V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Erofeeva E. V., Khudyakova E. S., Glazanova E. V. Estimation of regiolect speech and its speakers depending on social parameters. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 283–311. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper considers estimation of regiolect speech in accordance with metalinguistic characteristics,
as well as estimation of the speakers by their speech depending on the place of residence
of the speakers and the estimating experts, and on other social parameters. The study
includes fragments of interviews with residents of Solikamsk and Kungur (two towns within
the same region); the sample of the speakers is balanced by the factors “city of residence”,
“gender”, “age”, and “education”. The respondents — residents of Solikamsk, Kungur, Perm and
St Petersburg — estimated the speech according to six metalinguistic scales, and the speakers
according to six social parameters. The results of the experiment showed that the boundaries
of in- and outgroups are drawn differently depending on the scales used (a town vs a city or
the same region vs a different region). Identification of social characteristics of the speaker
by their speech demonstrates the following patterns: gender is identified accurately and predetermines
the use of strong and uniform stereotypes; age is identified by the speech characteristics; education level is not significant according to our material. The connection between
stereotypical representations of speech and the speaker under normal conditions is revealed.
In regions or towns with a stable regional norm, speech social stereotypes based on this norm
are developed. If the speech of a region or a town is a mixture of different language systems
and the local norm is unstable, the formation of speech social stereotypes is complicated.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research is supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant no. 19-412-590001 “The
variability of the region: Territorial, social and cognitive aspects”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: regiolect

value: variation

value: social groups

value: metalinguistic estimations of speech

value: language attitude


dc.contributor.author

value: Rastiagaev, Andrei V.

value: Slozhenikina, Iuliia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rastiagaev A. V., Slozhenikina Iu. V. Narrative potential of the June issue of A. Sumarokov’s journal “Hardworking Bee” (1759). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 235–250. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Most of the studies of Sumarokov’s work as a journalist regard the writer as a satirist. In
contrast, this article suggests a different perspective on the problem of Sumarokov’s literary
legacy. Based on the analysis of the narrative potential of the June issue of “Hardworking
Bee”, the study proposes to look at the public activity of Sumarokov the publisher as a special
communicative strategy. The journal began to claim the formation of a public sphere,
offering its conception of personal and social identity. Sumarokov’s journal became an entirely
new institution with its audience, along with literary and scientific societies, secular
salons, public theatres, and Masonic lodges. The article contains historical commentary and
interpretation of the historical-literary and personal contexts of June 1759. The aim of the
article is to study the journal metatext of the June issue of “Hardworking Bee”, to examine
the problematics and poetics of the texts published in it. The article uses methods of literary
studies: historical-typological, cultural-historical, biographical and comparative-historical.
The study demonstrates that Sumarokov’s metatextual narrative realized a new model of
cyclization for Russian literature. At the lowest, ordinary level, the reader could remain a
profane, and at the highest level the reader the reader is turned into a hermetic wise man.
We can conclude that Sumarokov’s journal “Hardworking Bee” stimulated the creation of
most monthly editions not only in the Russian 18th century. The article emphasizes the
importance of Sumarokov’s experience as a publisher and editor for the evaluation of his
creativity in general.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared at the Samara National Research University named after academician
S. P. Korolev (Samara University) at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project
no. 22-28-00023 “Dictionary of the language of A. P. Sumarokov’s journal “Hardworking Bee” (1759)”).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: А. Sumarokov

value: “Hardworking Bee”

value: narrative

value: metatext

value: cyclization


dc.contributor.author

value: Medvedev, Kirill Maximovich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Medvedev, Kirill Maximovich. The cult of Josaphat Kuntsevych in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th century: Between religious intolerance and proselytism, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 39-54. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.104

dc.description.abstract

value: In the article within the framework of traditional ideas and concepts associated with the phenomenon of martyrdom in Western Christianity the discursive construction, formation and evolution of the cult of the Catholic martyr Josaphat Kuntsevych is considered in the context of intense inter-confessional confrontation and «Wars of Religion» in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th century. It is noted that the cult of the Uniate Archbishop of Polotsk, killed by the Orthodox, was actively used in the confrontation with the «gentiles», especially with adherents of the Orthodox Church, justifying the struggle and violence against them and, in particular, against the most convinced and stubborn enemies of the Catholic Church and the Church Union with Divine wrath and «revenge» for the shed blood of the martyr. At the same time, the cult of Josaphat had a pronounced proselytizing character, aimed at spreading Catholicism among the «gentiles». Both of these hypostases did not contradict each other, since within the framework of the Christian tradition it was believed that the martyrs, accepting death for their faith, contribute to the victory of Christianity over its enemies and its spread, because by their martyrdom they put a choice before their tormentors: either believe in the true God or be doomed to eternal suffering. Secondly, Christian authors of the Middle Ages and early modern period traditionally noted that both preaching and coercion (even violence) are equally important for the spread of the «true faith», and within the framework of the cult of Josaphat Kuntsevych this belief was vividly reflected.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 21-48-04402): «Saints and heroes from Christianization to Nationalism: Symbol, Image, Memory (Nord-West Russia, Baltic and Nordic countries)»

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

value: Josaphat Kuntsevych

value: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

value: Catholicism

value: Uniatism

value: Union of Brest

value: Orthodoxy

value: Protestantism

value: cults of saints

value: martyrs

value: historical memory

value: identity

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Prokopiev, Andrei Yuryevich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Prokopiev, Andrei Yuryevich. In the service of the clergy and the world: St. Benno in the history of Saxony, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 28-38. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.103

dc.description.abstract

value: Until recently, historiography has lacked major comparative studies on the phenomen of Holy in Central Europe. Meanwhile, there were very vast regions in which there were no local saints until the end of the Middle Ages. One of these historical regions was Upper Saxony. What was the way of formation of the sacral cult here? What political or socio-cultural factors played a decisive role in the emergence of the cult of saints? And what were the functions of the saints in a changing society? The problems are studied on the example of St. Benno, Bishop of Meißen, who was canonized in 1523. He became the last saint of the medieval Latin Church and the first saint for the Wettin dynasty. The article shows the instrumentalization of his memory at various stages. From the 13th century he acted in the service of the bishops of Meißen, who aspired to become imperial princes. From the 15th century the princely dynasty of the Wettins (Albertine House) was busy about the canonization of Benno in order to strengthen their own authority in the Holy Roman Empire. The decisive contribution in this direction was made by Duke George the Bearded. Two events marked the efforts of the Saxon prince in the public space: the translation into German of the Life of St. Benno, made by Hieronymus Emser in 1517 and the transfer of Benno’s relics in the cathedral of Meißen in 1524. During the Reformation, the cult of St. Benno was called upon to oppose Protestantism. Paradoxically, however, he was able to play his role as a link between the dynasty and subjects only in Bavaria from the end of the 16th century.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project Nr. 21-48-04402 «Saints and heroes from Christianization to Nationalism: Symbol, Image, Memory (Nord-West Russia, Baltic and Nordic countries)».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: St. Benno

value: Saxony

value: Holy Roman Empire

value: Meissen

value: Wettins

value: Georg the Bearded

value: Bavaria

value: Hieronymus Emser

value: dynasty

value: cult of holiness


dc.contributor.author

value: Frolov, Аndrei N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Frolov А.N. On probabilities of large deviations of combinatorial sums of independent random variables satisfying Linnik’s condition. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2023, vol. 10 (68), issue 3, pp. 545–553. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.308 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
We derive new results on asymptotic behaviour for probabilities of large deviations of
combinatorial sums of independent random variables satisfying Linnik’s condition. We find
zones in which these probabilities are equivalent to the tail of the standard normal law. The
author earlier obtained such results under Bernstein’s condition. The truncations method
is applied in proofs of results.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, Project no. 23-21-00078,
https://rscf.ru/project/23-21-00078/.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 10 (68); Issue 3

dc.subject

value: probabilities of large deviations

value: combinatorial central limit theorem

value: combinatorial sums

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gromova, Ludmila P.

value: Kulko, Kseniya A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gromova L. P., Kulko K. A. Publicism of F. M. Dostoevsky and A. I. Solzhenitsyn: From socialism to the “Russian idea”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 217–234. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of the article is to describe the socio-political and philosophical views of Dostoevsky
and Solzhenitsyn on socialism and the “Russian idea”. The empirical basis of the study is
publications from Dostoevsky’s “Diary of the Writer”, as well as articles, interviews, speeches
at press conferences by Solzhenitsyn. The study is divided into several parts: 1) analysis of the
views of Dostoevsky and Solzhenitsyn’s youth; 2) socialism as the antithesis of Christianity;
3) transformation of socialist ideas; 4) understanding of the “Russian idea”. Dostoevsky’s “Diary
of the Writer presented not a rejection of socialist ideas, but a critique of the European
version of socialism and an understanding of “Russian socialism”. This becomes the basis for
the formulation of the “Russian idea”, associated for Dostoevsky with the conviction that the
Russian nation must bring true Orthodoxy to other nations. The novelty of research is that it
presents a comparative analysis of Dostoevsky’s and Solzhenitsyn’s ideas about socialism, messianism,
the “Russian idea”, and the fate of Russian people. These ideas are reflected in the authors’
publicism related to the issues of Russian pochvennichesvo. Solzhenitsyn argues about
the fate of the people and its task. However, the “Russian idea” becomes “the preservation of
people” and the rejection of global objectives. At the same time, these calls and Christian ideals
are paradoxically combined in the work of Solzhenitsyn with a love for the revolution and
the demand to fight communism in the USSR.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: F. M. Dostoevsky

value: A. I. Solzhenitsyn

value: socialism

value: “Russian idea”

value: publicism


dc.contributor.author

value: Yudina, Тatiana V.

value: Fedorovskaya, Victoria O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yudina T. V., Fedorovskaya V. O. German vaccine discourse: Changes over time and polarization. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 362–379. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper discusses a segment of modern social and political German communication which
can be defined as vaccine discourse. The study considers discourse to be a complex linguistic
unit of an overtext level, which includes texts, utterances, and various communication forms
that are encompassed by a knowledge system and correspond to a certain social context. In
creating the context of a speech act, all its participants are involved. Special role is also devoted
not only to the interaction of utterances but also to the social context they are used in. Combined,
these factors create a multidimensional discourse space. Discourse, being the result of
chains of utterances united by the topic, constitutes the surrounding reality. We studied the
formation of the reality with the means of discourse on the materials of the vaccine discourse,
with its development being based on different opinions. We analyzed linguistic features of
the German vaccine discourse using discussions and debates in the Bundestag, which took
place in spring 2022. We detected major features of the vaccine discourse: polarization, diversity,
and incompleteness. The examples prove argumentation to be central in forming the
discourse, as it is used by the individuals when seeking the truth. We defined the most important
argument strategies and characterized linguistic means responsible for the emotionally
polarizing part of the discourse. We detected the relationship of different discourse levels
having analyzed discourse contextualization. Moreover, we demonstrated how the microlevel
of discourse, which is associated with vaccination, creates impulses for its development to the
macrolevel reflecting German democratic challenges.

value: modern German Philology

value: linguistic discourse analysis

value: vaccine discourse

value: positioning theory

value: discourse polarization


dc.contributor.author

value: Bondar, Larisa Dmitriyevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bondar, Larisa Dmitriyevna. «Bibliographic Sheets» by P. Köppenin the context of the development of international Slavistic periodicals, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 81-96. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.107

dc.description.abstract

value: The heyday of European Slavistics in the late 19th — early 20th century was not least due to the active interaction of representatives of various national scientific schools. The science of the Slavs was formed as an international discipline. Cooperation in the research of national Slavic schools was largely ensured by international periodicals published in St. Petersburg, Warsaw, Berlin, Krakow, Prague. The international character of the publications became possible almost exclusively due to the personal scientific contacts of the editors. The role of such contacts was especially great at the stage of the formation of Russian Slavistics. The activity of P. Köppen, who established contacts with European Slavists during his journey in 1821–1824, was of great importance. This made it possible in the future to carry out activities (although not long-term, but quite effective) on the publication of the magazine «Bibliographic Sheets» (1825–1826), reflecting the latest scientific achievements, which had a significant Slavic component and ensured mutual involvement of European and Russian scientists in their research. The magazine played an important role in establishing inter-Slavic scientific ties and attracted the attention of European Slavists. The appendix to the article publishes three documents related to the unfulfilled plans of Köppen to resumesl publication in 1837: an announcement of the resumption of the journal, a draft contract with a potential publisher A. Ph. Smirdin, a note explaining the reasons for refusing to resume publication. The published documents, in addition to being evidence of the events of 1837, allow us to get information about the details of the publishing business.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article was prepared in frames of the project «Slavic studies in exchange: Austria and Russia in 18491939» (№ 21-59-14001 ANF_a) of the Russian Center for Scientific Information.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

value: P. Köppen

value: inter-Slavic scientific relations

value: the formation of Slavistics in the Russian Empire

value: «Bibliographic sheets»

value: historical studies

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Suleimanova, Olga A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Suleimanova O. A. Category of definiteness in cognitive framing in the use of English definite article. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 334–347. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper focuses on English articles which are treated as the main means of definite/indefinite
reference; and defines cognitive principles which govern usage of articles. Research
methodology relies on the theory of classes, its explanatory potential is analyzed as regards
the meaning and usage of the indefinite article as well as the word order in the attributive
group which features more than one attribute. The research also relies on the frame approach
which governs the usage of the definite article. The frame is treated in terms of the
non-random link (binding, bond) between the object referred to and the frame, the frame
approach being also instrumental in defining metonymical transfers. Definiteness is defined
by the author as the result of the speaker’s cognitive operation to assign the object some
“unique” — under given circumstances — features which distinguish it from other objects
(of the same class of objects). Such distinction is performed by a variety of linguistic means,
such as anaphora, restrictive post-modifying attributes (cataphora), using cardinal numbers,
superlative-degree adjectives, and using triggers (words or general context, in other
words, a frame) which oblige the speaker to refer to the inalienable element of the frame,
which is a singular object in the frame, with the definite article, without any prior mentioning
it, or any other above modifier.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: definiteness

value: indefiniteness

value: article

value: frame

value: trigger


dc.contributor.author

value: Rybalchenko, Oksana V.

value: Orlova, Olga G.

value: Netesa, Maria A.

value: Kapustina, Valentina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rybalchenko O. V., Orlova O. G., Netesa M. A., Kapustina V. V. Influence of antimicrobial substances of plant origin on the sensitivity of bacterial biofilm to antimicrobial drugs. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2023, vol. 18, issue 2, pp. 176–191. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2023.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The widespread antibiotic resistance is associated with the formation of special forms of
microbial communities — bacterial biofilms with increased resistance to the impact of various
physicochemical factors, including antimicrobial drugs. In this regard, the investigation of
antibacterial agents, including herbal preparations that could affect bacterial biofilms, seems
to be of current interest. The aim of this work was to identify antibacterial substances of plant
origin that can most effectively affect bacterial biofilms. The effect of antibacterial decoctions
of lingonberry, sage, and chamomile plants on the sensitivity of bacteria to antimicrobial
drugs was assessed. The susceptibility of bacteria to antimicrobial drugs, when combined with
herbal decoctions, was determined by the disk-diffusion method. The morphophysiological
properties of biofilms were illustrated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The ability
of lingonberry, sage, and chamomile decoctions to increase the sensitivity of bacteria to
antimicrobial drugs of predominantly bactericidal pharmacological action was revealed.
Decoctions of medicinal plants prevented the formation of complete bacterial biofilms.
The obtained results indicate the antibiofilm activity of lingonberry, chamomile and sage
decoctions, which contribute to a decrease in the level of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and
a decrease in the load during antimicrobial therapy.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: antibiotic resistance

value: antimicrobial drugs

value: bacterial biofilms

value: herbal decoctions


dc.contributor.author

value: Kostromin, Konstantin Alexandrovich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kostromin, Konstantin Alexandrovich. Russian saints and the struggle against Latinism in the 15th–16th centuries: Byzantium or the Baltic?, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 17-27. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.102

dc.description.abstract

value: The schism between the Western and Eastern churches, which formally took place in Constantinople, gave rise to a rich polemical literary tradition, but anti-Latin theme entered relatively late into hagiography as a special literary genre. This did not happen in Byzantium until the 30s of the 13th century. There is not a single hagiography completely devoted to the denunciation of the Latins in the Greek circle of writing (in Byzantium, Cyprus and Crete, Palestine and Mount Athos) of the 13th–16th centuries. This topic is associated exclusively with biographical details and is mentioned episodically in the hagiographies. None of the monuments of late Greek-Byzantine hagiography with anti-Latin fragments entered the Old Russian literature. On the contrary, there is not only an increase in interest in this topic in ancient Russian literature, but there is even a life written purposefully as an anti-Latin pamphlet — the life of the holy martyr Isidore of Yuryev. The dynamics of the emergence of anti-Latin theme in Old Russian hagiography is asynchronous with Byzantine hagiography — it became relevant in Old Russia only in the second half of the 15th century. Almost all Russian saints whose lives contain anti-Latin themes are associated with the Baltic region. This is the legendary origin of the holy fools Isidor Tverdislov of Rostov and Procopius of Ustyug, the monks Anthony the Roman and Serapion of Pskov, the military-political activity of the prince Alexander Nevsky and the holy martyr Isidor’s of Yuryev death at the hands of the Latins. The article concludes that Byzantine hagiography did not play a role in the formation of anti-Latin theme in ancient Russian hagiography.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Byzantium

value: Ancient Rus

value: Saints

value: Hagiography

value: Latins

value: Anti-Latin Controversy

value: cross-cultural communication

value: dialogism

value: historical memory

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Yablonsky, Piotr K.

value: Gurianov, Marat I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yablonsky P. K., Gurianov M. I. Organized activity of canine ventricular fibrillation under reperfusion after 1-minute ischemia of the heart. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2023, vol. 18, issue 2, pp. 141–149. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2023.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Ventricular fibrillation is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death and continues to
be an urgent problem. The aim of the paper was to study the organized activity of canine
ventricular fibrillation under 1-minute ischemia and 10-minute reperfusion of the heart. A
ventricular electrogram was recorded and spectral analysis of 10-second segments of the electrogram
was performed under perfusion, ischemia, and reperfusion of the heart in fibrillation
using Fast Fourier Transform at 30 frequencies in the range of 0.5–15 Hz. Specific gravity of
0.5–15-Hz oscillations was determined under perfusion, ischemia, and reperfusion in fibrillation.
Ventricular fibrillation is characterized by organized activity during perfusion, ischemia,
and reperfusion as evidenced by dominant frequency structure. Perfusion of the heart during
ventricular fibrillation increases the stability of the organized structure of fibrillation to
ischemia: under 1-minute ischemia after 10-minute perfusion, the frequency of dominant
oscillations decreases by only 0.5 Hz while organized activity does not decrease. Reperfusion
in fibrillation is characterized by the transient 1.5-Hz increase of frequency of dominant oscillations
and by a 15 % decrease of organized fibrillation activity at the 1st minute of reperfusion
after 1 minute of ischemia. The organized structure of fibrillation is more sensitive to reperfusion
than to ischemia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: ventricular fibrillation

value: organized activity of fibrillation

value: heart perfusion

value: heart ischemia

value: heart reperfusion

value: organized activity of ventricular fibrillation

value: reperfusion complications


dc.contributor.author

value: Osipenko, Tatiana A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Osipenko T. A. Inference pragmatics of the interjection hm in stress interaction (based on the medical consultations of an oncologist and a cancer patient). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 312–333. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is dedicated to the study of verbal communication of a physician and a patient as
part of institutional medical discourse. The analysis was conducted based on the material of
12 transcripts of the dialogues in German language between oncologists and female patients
diagnosed with breast cancer. Utterances of patients with a vocal gesture expressed by the
interjection hm are the subject of this study. The purpose of the article is to determine the
communicative functions in the intentional structure of the analyzed dialogues, taking the
situational, social and cultural context into account, as well as the correlation with the physician’s
remarks, and syntactic position hm in the utterance. The article presents quantitative
analysis, analyses their lexical composition, determines intentional and semantic relationship
of the generation of the sound signal hm and the physician’s remarks. Two main types of
utterances were distinguished: hm as a separate utterance step, as well as hm as part of the
phrase including other interjections and content words (in the initial and/or the final and
interposition part of the utterance). Context-specific functions were identified for this type
of utterances: 1) emotive; 2) establishing and maintaining contact; 3) pause filling; 4) signal;
5) listener activation; 6) imperative; 7) (de)intensification. Recognition of implicit, contextspecific
intention of hm-containing utterances facilitates the establishment of emotional and
intellectual contact with the patient, and helps the physician to prepare the dialogue partner
for the conscious participation in the decision-making process regarding medical treatment.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

value: oral speech analysis

value: conversational analysis

value: inference pragmatics

value: interjection pragmatics

value: medical oncological discourse


dc.contributor.author

value: Filippov, Evgenii N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Filippov E. N. Model of the world through the prism of genre in the drama “The Life of Man” by L. N. Andreyev and the principles of medieval mystery. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 251–267. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the specifics of the genre of the drama “The Life of Man” by L. N. Andreyev.
The study shows how the author transforms the medieval mystery genre to implement
philosophical and aesthetic ideas. The main method of research is comparative-historical.
“The Life of Man” is considered in the historical and literary aspect, which includes a comparison
with artistic phenomena similar in genre. The article presents the results of a systematic
analysis of the content and structural parameters of the genre: type of content, spatialtemporal
organization, genre motivations, associative background, composition, main acting
persons and conflict. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the fundamental elements
of the medieval mystery genre are preserved in the drama “The Life of Man”: framing the action
with the speech of the herald, the absence of external dramatic action, simultaneity, the
conventionality of stage time and space, epicness of time and space, the combination of mystical
and realistic, mythologicality. Mystery and “The Life of Man” are also united by a tendency
towards cyclization. Andreyev constructs a new experimental synthetic form using elements
of ancient tragedy (prologue, chorus), reinterpreting the schematicity and simplicity of folk
theater, taking into account modern trends in world drama. At the same time, the mystery is
the dominant genre. In “The Life of Man” the conflict is transferred to the consciousness of
the hero, but his individuality is erased, this is the conflict in the consciousness of a man as a
representative of the genus.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Leonid Andreyev

value: “The Life of Man”

value: mystery

value: genre

value: chronotope

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Turygina, Natalia Valerievna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Turygina, Natalia Valerievna. The veneration of the Ostrobram icon of the Mother of God in the context of Lithuanian identity, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 68-80. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.106

dc.description.abstract

value: The history of the creation and veneration of the image of Our Lady of Ostrobram is studied as a reflection of the processes of the forming Lithuanian national identity in its dynamics over several centuries. The author analyzes how the icon reflects the main ethnic markers, which include: territory, confessional affiliation, language, historical memory, ideas about the past and the future. Theories of the origin of the image and disputes about its confessional affiliation led to the idea of the formation of interconfessional dialogue and unity in diversity as a marker of the border and frontier zone. Within the framework of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which united the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland, the Ostra Brama was perceived as «Strażniczką Kresów», or the guardian of the eastern borders. The preserved historical songs, psalms and hymns dedicated to the Virgin Mary in Vilna emphasize the regional identity. However, at the same time, powerful integration processes in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth led to the assertion of Polishness, which was reflected in fiction, where until the 1920s and 1930s the Ostrobram image was perceived as an integral symbol not only of Polish culture, but also of Polish history and statehood. As the conducted research has shown, the intensified aspirations of the local population for the rooting, the use of the national language and the political processes of the Lithuanian national revival led to the transformation of ideas about the image, which in the 20th century gradually becomes a symbol of Lithuanian rather than Polish. Nevertheless, it is still uncertain whether the Ostrobram Mother of God has become the state symbol of Lithuania as a nation or it remains the guardian of the local original culture and traditions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project Nr. 21-48-04402 «Saints and heroes from Christianization to Nationalism: Symbol, Image, Memory (Nord-West Russia, Baltic and Nordic countries)».

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: ethnicity

value: identity

value: Grand Duchy of Lithuania

value: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

value: Lithuanian

value: Polish

value: nation-building

value: constructivism

value: Ostra Brama

value: Vilnius

value: Vilna

value: cult of the Virgin Mary

value: regional history

value: cross-cultural communication

value: dialogism

value: historical memory


dc.contributor.author

value: Ubozhenko, Irina V.

value: Rubtsova, Svetlana Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ubozhenko I. V., Rubtsova S. Yu. Transmedia project as a format of creative communication: Process mechanisms and successful performance markers. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 348–361. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.209 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the development of a procedural scheme for the implementation of
a mechanism for successful creative communication in the format of a transmedia project,
which acts as an activator of creative environment features during the interaction between
specialists of different professional fields and recipients of the relevant content. The transmedia
project is considered in the research as a communicative heterogeneous space for the creation
of fictional worlds and universes that exist simultaneously in various media formats and
are coherently interconnected by certain creative components that allow effectively achieving
the communication goal. The study offers an empirically tested procedural scheme containing
a logical sequence of certain elements: the type of project, a typical feature of a transmedia
project, a relevant creative communicative indicator and a target marker of communication effectiveness. The novelty of the approach lies in the possibility of updating the procedural
scheme proposed in the framework of the transmedia project in the real communication
space through the identification of dominant target communicative markers. Using a critical
thematic analysis of three different types of transmedia projects implemented in various
industries, a modeling scheme of a universal procedural mechanism for the effectiveness of
creative communicative activity is proposed, empirically derived and emphasizing individual
features of a creative communicative act, with a projection of success or failure markers of
communication, identified according to the dominant target principle of identifying relevant
creative elements.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: transmedia project

value: effective creative communication

value: communicative processes

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Khodakovsky, Evgeny Valentinovich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khodakovsky, Evgeny Valentinovich. Confessional aspects of the architecture of wooden protestant churches in Eastern Europe in the 17th–18th centuries, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 55-67. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.105

dc.description.abstract

value: The article deals with the unique phenomenon of Protestant churches of the Peace, as well as «articular churches» of the middle of the 17th–18th centuries, built after the end of the Thirty Years’ War (1648) and the Sopron Seim (1681) in the Slavic lands of the Holy Roman Empire. Relative religious tolerance, on the one hand, and the harsh conditions in which the Protestant communities were placed among the Catholic majority, dictated the special specifics of the architecture of the wooden Protestant churches of the 1650–1770s in Swidnica, Jawor, Kežmarok, Hronsek, Leštiny, Istebne, Svätý Kríž. The main result of the study is the conclusion that the fundamental difference between «churches of the world» and «particular churches» from Catholic wooden churches lies not only in the cross-planned solution dictated by the well-known differences in the order of worship, but also in the very technique of wooden construction, which is unusual for the local East Slavic tradition. and more characteristic of North German wooden architecture. As a result, «articular» churches became a prominent phenomenon in the colorful and diverse cultural landscape of Eastern Europe. Having largely broken with local building traditions, these outstanding buildings significantly enriched the panorama of monuments of Protestant architecture of the 17th–18th centuries, which became a noticeable alternative to Catholic and Greek Catholic wooden construction. At the same time, they served the purposes of self-identification, when ethnic Poles or Slovaks who professed Protestantism and were in a minority, in every possible way through a different «architectural language», expressed in German or Scandinavian building technologies, tried to present their temple as a grandiose wooden «Noah’s Ark», on which members of the community together they make their voyage among the storms, anxieties and upheavals that filled the history of modern Europe.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project Nr. 21-48-04402 «Saints and heroes from Christianization to Nationalism: Symbol, Image, Memory (Nord-West Russia, Baltic and Nordic countries)».

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: architecture

value: art

value: wooden architecture

value: Eastern Europe

value: churches

value: identity

value: cultural studies


dc.contributor.author

value: Boginskaya, Olga A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Boginskaya O. A. Lexical realizations of hedging: A cross-disciplinary study of research article abstracts by Russian authors. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 380–396. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.211

dc.description.abstract

value:
Currently, when the English language has established itself as a lingua franca in academic settings,
it is relevant to investigate rhetorical strategies in texts produced by L2 writers who use
English in their academic prose. This paper explores lexical patterns of hedging in Englishmedium
research article abstracts written by L2 (Russian) writers from two fields representing
hard sciences and humanities — engineering and linguistics. The main focus is on quantitative
and qualitative variations in the lexical realizations of hedging as a metadiscourse strategy
used to present research results and enter into a dialogue with the reader. The corpus comprises
312 engineering and linguistics research article abstracts taken equally from six Russian
linguistic and engineering journals. In order to investigate hedging devices and their lexical
categories, this study adopted the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results
of the quantitative analysis show that there are many differences in the distribution of lexical
patterns of hedging in the two sub-corpora. In the engineering abstracts, hedging was most
frequently realized through modal auxiliaries and adverbs of frequency. In the linguistics subcorpus,
probability nouns and reporting verbs were among the most frequent lexical patterns
of hedging. In the linguistics abstracts, hedging was realized through a greater variety of lexical
categories. This suggests that lexical realizations of hedging seem to be influenced by the
discipline rather than generic conventions.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

value: academic discourse

value: research article abstract

value: hedging

value: metadiscourse


dc.contributor.author

value: Baranov, Dmitry K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Baranov D. K. Traditions of classical literature in the film “Brother” by Alexei Balabanov. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 194–216. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Alexei Balabanov’s film “Brother” is an integral part of modern Russian culture. An analysis
of the audience’s reception of the film suggests that “Brother” is not just a mass action movie.
A close look reveals that Balabanov’s film combines elements of pop-culture product and intellectual
cinema. The article for the first time offers a holistic analysis of the film “Brother”.
Balabanov uses a complex system of repetitions at the level of a phrase, visual image, situation.
This allows the author to build a complicated system of motifs that are associated with some
literary traditions of classical literature. We are talking primarily about the tradition of the
Petersburg text and about a complex of themes and plots that go back to romanticism. The
angle from which one should look at the film is indicated by the introduction of an important
character named Hoffmann, who warns the protagonist that the city is a terrible force. Motive
analysis and intertextual analysis leads to the following conclusions. The plot of “Brother” can
be read as a story about a young man Danila, who betrays his ideal (love of music), unable to
withstand the temptation of money and power, and pays for this: he turns into his evil doppelganger
— his brother Victor. The plot, seemingly tied to a specific socio-historical reality,
turns into a potentially eternal plot about a confused romantic hero who changes his ideals
after falling into the mythologized space of St Petersburg that fools him.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared within the framework of the grant: Russian Science Foundation no. 21-18-
00527 “Literature of ‘transitional eras’ as a tool for the modernization of social ties”, 2021–2023, supervisor
V. E. Bagno.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: “Brother” by Alexei Balabanov

value: intertextuality

value: motif analysis

value: Petersburg text

value: romanticism

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sukina, Liudmila Borisovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sukina, Liudmila Borisovna. Saints who sailed from the sea: «German» model of foolishness in Old Russia, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 3-16. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.101

dc.description.abstract

value: The article attempts to put forward and substantiate a hypothesis about the use of a special model of this feat in the formation of the cult of some holy fools of the Russian Church, borrowed not from the eastern, but from the western medieval religious culture. Some lives of Russian holy fools noticeably fall out of the Eastern Christian tradition, with which old and modern historiography links their hagiography. Despite the veneration of the Byzantine σαλος in Ancient Russia, in its religious life the practices of foolishness occupied a marginal position for a long time. In the process of formation and development of the «national» cult of holy fools in the Muscovite state, one of the options for explaining where such ascetics came from was their foreign origin. In the article this problem is considered on the material of the hagiography of Isidor of Rostov and Procopius of Ustyug. In their Lives, one can single out a topic that is common to them and unusual for Russian hagiography. Both saints are repeatedly referred to in the texts of their Lives as foreigners who previously lived in Western countries, «German land». Both found in the Orthodox faith their «spiritual fatherland» and abandoned the «Latinism». In the Lives of each of them, «foolishness» is explicated as the main religious practice. But this is not the «obscenity» of the Eastern Christian σαλος, but a desire for solitude and wandering close to the model of behavior of the saints of the Western Middle Ages. In both lives there is a motif of the sea. Based on the observations and arguments presented in the article, it can be assumed that the compilers of the hagiographies, creating the image of a holy fool-foreigner unknown to Old Russian literature before, were guided by hagiographic texts not only of Greek-Byzantine, but also of Western European origin, some of which were available in Slavic translations. The saturation of the texts with Novgorod plot details indicates that Novgorod, which had long-standing and extensive cultural ties both with the post-Byzantine world and with the countries of the Baltic region, could be the place for constructing this new model of holiness for Old Russia.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Old Russia

value: history of holiness

value: hagiography

value: foolishness

value: holy fools-foreigners

value: cross-cultural communication

value: dialogism

value: historical memory

value: ancient Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Gudkov, Vadim V.

value: Mitrenina, Olga V.

value: Sokolov, Evgenii G.

value: Koval, Angelina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gudkov V. V., Mitrenina O. V., Sokolov E. G., Koval A. A. Language-based transfer learning approaches for part-of-speech tagging on Saint Petersburg Corpus of Hagiographic texts (SKAT). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (2): 268–282. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes an experiment about training a part-of-speech tagger using artificial
neural networks on the St. Petersburg Corpus of Hagiographic Texts (SKAT), which is being
developed at the Department of Mathematical Linguistics of St. Petersburg State University.
The corpus includes the texts of 23 manuscripts dating from the 15th–18th centuries with about
190,000 words usages, four of which were labelled manually. The bi-LSTM, distilled RuBERTtiny2
and RuBERT models were used to train a POS tagger. All of them were trained on modern
Russian corpora and further fine-tuned to label Old Russian texts using a technique called
language transfer. To fine-tune transformer-based language models it was necessary to tokenize
the texts using byte pair encoding and map tokens from the original Russian-language
tokenizer to the new one based on indices. Then the model was fine-tuned for the token classification
task. To fine-tune the model, a tagged subcorpus of three hagiographical texts was
used, which included 35,603 tokens and 2,885 sentences. The experiment took into account
only the tags of the parts of speech, the classification included seventeen tags, thirteen of
which corresponded to parts of speech, and the remaining four marked punctuation marks.
To evaluate the quality of the model, the standard metrics F1 and Accuracy were used. According
to automatic evaluation metrics, the RuBERT model showed the best result. Most of
the errors were related to incorrect generalization of linear position patterns or to the similarity
of word forms in both the extreme left and extreme right positions.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: corpus of Old Russian texts

value: neural network tagging

value: language-based transfer learning

value: part-of speech tagging


dc.contributor.author

value: Hendriks, Inge F.

value: Goryacheva, Inga A.

value: Tvardovskaya, Marina V.

value: Zhuravlev, Dmitrii A.

value: Boer, Fredrik

value: Hogendoorn, Pancras C. W.

value: Gaivoronsky, Ivan V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Hendriks I. F., Goriacheva I. A., Tvardovskaya M. V., Zhuravlev D. A., Boer F., Hogendoorn P. C. W., Gaivoronskii I. V. The first, private and unknown small anatomical Ruijsch collection of Peter the Great. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2023, vol. 18, issue 2, pp. 192–210. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2023.207

dc.description.abstract

value:
The anatomical collection of Frederik Ruijsch (1638–1731) concerning injected dry and wet
preparations attracted the attention and interest of several generations of scientists and other
admirers, including Tsar Peter the Great of Russia (1672–1725). Even today, this interest has
not weakened since its manufacture more than three hundred years ago. The main collection
of the famous Dutchman was purchased by Tsar Peter the Great in 1717 for his Kunstkamera,
now Peter the Great’s Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography in Saint Petersburg.
In books and articles, first written by A. I. Tarenetsky, later by M. A. Tikotin, and again
by V. V. Ginzburg was pointed out that several dozens of preparations of Frederik Ruijsch are
located in the anatomical museum of the Military Medical Academy named S. M. Kirov in
St. Petersburg. This collection is called “the small collection” and was acquired by Peter the
Great in 1697–1698 as a private collection. This collection was intended for educational purposes
and is nowadays almost unknown in, and outside the scientific world. We set ourselves
the task to study the history of the acquisition of this small collection, to find out its journey
to the end destination by researching early published or unpublished sources. The small collection
paved the way for other botanical, zoological, and anatomical collections and has significant
historical importance.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 18; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: medical history

value: Ruijsch

value: anatomy

value: zoology

value: the Netherlands

value: pre-1917 Russia

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shapoval, Olga G.

value: Sheremetyeva, Anna S.

value: Durnova, Natalia A.

value: Mukhamadiev, Nurali Q.

value: Rabbimova, Gulnora T.

value: Nazirbekov, Mavlon H.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shapoval O. G., Sheremetyeva A. S., Durnova N. A., Mukhamadiev N. Q., Rabbimova G. T., Nazirbekov M. H. Screening assessment of antibacterial activity of Thymus serpyllum L., Thymus marsсhallianus Willd. and Pimpinella anisum L. essential oils against uropathogens, isolated from pregnant women. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2023, vol. 18, issue 2, pp. 167–175. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2023.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Plant essential oils of certain genera and species are important sources of antimicrobial substances.
The goal of this study was a screening assessment of antibacterial activity of Thymus
serpyllum L., Thymus marsсhallianus Willd. and Pimpinella anisum L. essential oils against opportunistic
gram-negative uropathogens. The essential oils were obtained by steam hydrodistillation,
and the screening assessment of their antibacterial activity was performed by the disk
diffusion method. Two standard species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia
coli ATCC 25922) and 6 clinical strains (1 — P. aeruginosa, 5 — E. coli), isolated from the pregnant
women with infections of the urinary passages, were used as the test bacterial cultures.
The study determined that T. marsсhallianus Willd. and T. serpyllum L. essential oils possess
strong inhibitory action on all test cultures until the absence of the bacterial lawn. P. anisum L.
essential oil did not show antibacterial activity against all test strains, no zones of visible bacterial
growth inhibition were formed. T. serpyllum L. and T. marsсhallianus Willd. essential oils
are promising antibacterial agents against uropathogens of the species P. aeruginosa and E. coli.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This study has been carried out within the joint grant "Efficiency of the use of plant essential oils in
the etiologic therapy of urogenital infections in pregnant women" obtained from the inter-university competition
for advanced scientific research of the Saratov State Medical University, named after V. I. Razumovsky
and Samarkand State Medical Institute, the state registration number is 121090200092-4.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: plant essential oils

value: antibacterial activity

value: uropathogens

value: P. aeruginosa

value: E. coli

value: disk diffusion method


dc.contributor.author

value: Bocharova, Zoya Sergeevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bocharova, Zoya Sergeevna. Legal status of Russian refugees in Bulgaria in the 1920s – early 1930s, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 2. Pp. 156-176. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.112

dc.description.abstract

value: The position of Russian refuges in the 1920s in Bulgaria is analyzed in the article drawing on a large factual material. The reasons for the country’s policy of «open doors», the numerical dynamics of emigrants, the peculiarities of their social composition and adaptation are revealed. It is shown that the legal status of Russians was regulated at the national level, taking into account the interests of emigration in Bulgaria and the situation in other countries, as well as in close connection with the decisions of the League of Nations. Gradually, a unified legal context of refugee existence was created. The Russian diplomatic mission headed by A. M. Petryaev, who since 1923 handed over his duties to the former adviser of the Russian Embassy in Bulgaria S. G. Bogoyavlensky, the Committee on Russian Refugees in Bulgaria, the representation of the High Commissioner for Refugees in Bulgaria, provided institutional assistance. The relationship between various institutions and personalities in solving the refugee issue is revealed. The legal status of Russians is examined from the standpoint of structural integration: inclusion in the host society through the national labor market, taxation, social sphere, realization of inheritance rights, access to the court, through the structures of the Russian Orthodox Church, the institution of citizenship. Russian refugees in Bulgaria formally obeyed the general laws on foreigners on an equal basis with other foreigners. There was no special law regulating the rights of Russians, but they were in a different position compared to other foreigners because of the number of legislative and administrative reservations. The special attitude towards the veterans of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877–1878 was characteristic: they were granted the right to a lifetime monthly allowance. The role of Nansen passports, established for Russians, and the difficulties of their application by ordinary migrants are revealed. It is concluded that the economic crisis of the late 1920s — early 1930s stimulated the integration of Russians due to the activation of naturalization. The confessional and linguistic affinity of the peoples played a role.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

value: Russian emigration

value: refugees

value: legal status

value: Nansen passports

value: S. G. Bogoyavlensky

value: B. S. Serafimov

value: League of Nations

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Mironova, Elena Mihaylovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mironova, Elena Mihaylovna. Representation of the Council of ambassadors of the Russian diaspora in Bulgaria (1919–1940), in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 119-138. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.110

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is based on materials previously not used in the scientific circulation and highlights the dramatic history of the creation, activities, and closure of the Russian non-bolshevik representation in Bulgaria. The Russian Foreign Diplomatic Corps was the only remnant of the old state apparatus that survived the October Revolution in Russia (1917). The embassy in Sofia became a part of it at the end of 1919, after Bulgaria’s withdrawal from World War I. The article clarifies the circumstances and personal composition of the Representation. The embassy played an important role in the formation of the Russian refugee colony and was closed at the very beginning of 1923. The article identifies the causes of the crisis in relations between the Bulgarian authorities and the embassy, its development, assesses its collapse and shows the hard work that was aimed at preserving the informal non-bolshevik representation. The new representative of the Council of Russian Ambassadors in Bulgaria was B. S. Serafimov. Over two decades he defended the interests of the Russian colony there.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Council of Russian Ambassadors

value: non-bolshevik representation

value: M. N. Guirs

value: A. M. Petriaev


dc.contributor.author

value: Voloshina, Valentina Yurievna

value: Korzun, Valentina Pavlovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Voloshina, Valentina Yurievna; Korzun, Valentina Pavlovna. Six by five: Soviet and emigrant historians at the 7th International congress of historical sciences, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 139-155. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.111

dc.description.abstract

value: The focus of the authors’ attention is the dialogue between emigrant historians and their Soviet colleagues during the International historical congress that was held in Warsaw in August 1933. It was the first congress that took place in a Slavic country. The main sources of research are the reports and accounts of the participants of the congress, presented in the form of publications in Soviet scientific magazines («Historian Marxist», «Class Struggle»), in emigrant periodicals («Russia and Svadom») and in European reviews («Revue historigue de droit francais et etranger»). The authors also use paperwork documents from the Foundation of the Institute of History of the Comacademy. The Soviet delegation consisted of six members, while there were five emigrant scientists, who were at the same time members of national delegations of other countries where they were living. The common interest of both sides, which appeared behind the congress venues, was recorded, the features of self-descriptions and presentations and self-presentation to the world scientific community were revealed. The constructed corporate portraits of each other were demonstrated. The conclusion was made that there was not a constructive dialogue between different sides. At the same time it was noted that there was not a provocative dialogue either, like one that occurred during the congress at Oslo. The reasons for this stagnation were identified. The authors of this article characterize prevailing atmosphere at the congress (let’s not quarrel) as «communicative plateau», that was connected with the increasingly complicated international situation of the early thirties.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: International congress

value: Warsaw

value: historical science

value: emigrant historians

value: soviet historians

value: scientific dialogue

value: cross-cultural communication


dc.contributor.author

value: Zhivanovich, Milana

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zhivanovich, Milana. Orders of Socialist Yugoslavia awarded to Russian diaspora representatives, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 177-193. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.113

dc.description.abstract

value: The article analyzes the state award system in the socialist Yugoslavia. It deals with awarding the Russian diaspora representatives in the country the state orders. Paper is based on official government gazette, which contained the list of persons awarded the state awards, as well as the archival documents: Yugoslav Army Official Military Personnel Files, kept in Military Archives. On the one hand, after Yugoslavia was liberated and Communist Party came to power, the Russian diaspora representatives were subjected to repression by the Yugoslav secret services and the Soviet counterintelligence. On the other hand, the policy of the new government in Yugoslavia was aimed at integrating Russian emigrants loyal to the country and to the regime, as evidenced by the practice of presenting Russian emigrants of both the first and second generations to state awards — heroes-partisans of the People’s Liberation Army of Yugoslavia and figures of science, culture and art. During the study, cases of awarding the same persons with orders of both the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the post-war socialist Republic were identified, which indicates the continuity of the state communicative policy towards emigrants. However, state award system in socialist Yugoslavia also implied an educational function in relation to Yugoslav society, therefore, the Russian diaspora representatives never received the highest awards of Communist Yugoslavia — the Order of Freedom and the Order of the People’s Hero, established in 1945 and in 1944 respectively. The highest order awarded to a representative of the Russian diaspora was the Order of the Partisan Star. A certain number of Russian members of the Resistance movement were awarded a Partisan memorial badge of 1941. And the Order of Merit for the People was awarded not only to the fighters of the People’s Liberation Army of Yugoslavia and Russian members of the Resistance movement, but also to figures who made a great contribution to the development of the economy, culture and science of Yugoslavia. It is noteworthy that the conjuncture of Soviet-Yugoslav relations directly affected the measures applied to Russian emigrants, and the holders of Yugoslav orders were no exception and were also subjected to repression during the Soviet-Yugoslav tension. After the Soviet-Yugoslav relations normalized, orders were awarded mainly to the Russian scientists and artists.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Russian emigration

value: socialist Yugoslavia

value: order

value: award system

value: Soviet-Yugoslavian tension

value: 20 century

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gruzdeva, Elena Nikolaevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gruzdeva, Elena Nikolaevna. The Korsh case, or Should an academician live in the capital?, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2023. № 1. Pp. 97-110. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.108

dc.description.abstract

value: According to the tradition, which had been maintained since the 18th century, the members of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences had to live in the capital and actively take part in the Academy’s routine. Yet, by the turn of the 20th century the development of Russian science and society had reached a level at which a scientist’s need and desire to live and work where he can bring maximum practical benefit began to conflict with the Academy’s rules. The article describes the situation of the early 20th century when Fyodor E. Korsh, a prominent Moscow philologist and orientalist, was elected to the Department of the Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Contrary to the Academy’s tradition, F. E. Korsh did not move to St. Petersburg, when he was elected. The archival materials reveal what his colleagues at the Department and other academicians thought about the requirement to live in the capital and about the breach of the rule as well. Since the early 20th century such «extraordinary cases» continued to happen further and further, the authorities in 1912 had to approve of the academicians’ right to live not only in Petersburg but also in other cities and had to introduce an appropriate amendment to the new staff of the Academy of Sciences. The article is supplemented with the previously unknown note which was specially written by F. E. Korsh in 1904 in reply to the reproach for breaking the Academy’s Charter. He explained there his own attitude to the wording of that point in the Charter of the Academy and that of the Department and also wrote about his scientific work in the Academy of Sciences.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 33; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Charter of the Academy of Sciences

value: Academy’s tradition

value: F. E. Korsh