title: Dynamic cooperative network games with pairwise interactions

dc.contributor.author

value: Bulgakova, Mariia A.

dc.description.abstract

value: This article is an overview of results obtained in the field of dynamic network games with pairwise interaction. The paper provides a summary and analysis of works related to two-stage and multistage nonzero-sum games based on pairwise interaction. The meaning of pairwise interaction is to consider the game as a family of games occurring on a network between pairs of players (vertices of a graph) connected to each other by an edge. The network can be set or formed in the first stage. In the paper, solutions of cooperative pairwise interaction games are also considered.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St. Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Contributions to Game Theory and Management, vol. XIII, 95-120;


title: Dynami SPICE-Model of Resour e Allo ation in Marketing Networks

dc.contributor.author

value: Agieva, Movlatkhan T.

value: Gorbaneva, Olga I.

dc.description.abstract

value: We consider a dynamic Stackelberg game theoretic model of the coordination of social and private interests (SPICE-model) of resource allocation in marketing networks. The dynamics of controlled system describes an interaction of the members of a target audience (basic agents) that leads to a change of their opinions (cost of buying the goods and services of firms competing on a market). An interaction of the firms (influence agents) is formalized as their differential game in strategic form. The payoff functional of each firm includes two terms: the summary opinion of the basic agents with consideration of their marketing costs (a common interest of all firms), and the income from investments in a private activity. The latter income is described by a linear function. The firms exert their influence not to all basic agents but only to the members of strong subgroups of the influence digraph (opinion leaders). The opinion leaders determine the stable final opinions of all members of the target audience. A coordinating principal determines the firms' marketing budgets and maximizes the summary opinion of the basic agents with consideration of the allocated resources. The Nash equilibrium in the game of influence agents and the Stackelberg equilibrium in a general hierarchical game of the principal with them are found. It is proved that the value of opinion of a basic agent is the same for all influence agents and the principal. It is also proved that the influence agents assign less resources for the marketing efforts than the principal would like.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Contributions to Game Theory and Management, vol. XIII, 8-23;

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Khaydarova, Goulnara R.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khaydarova G.R. At the origins of the Leningrad philosophy of culture. Elmar V. Sokolov. The justification of morality in philosophical practice. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol.  36, issue 3, pp. 497–510.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article retrospectively analyzes the stage of the origin of philosophy of culture as a discipline in Leningrad at the end of the 20th century on the example of the prominent professor
Elmar Sokolov, who brought a community of interested philosophers together. The problem
of spirituality substantiation through involvement in the philosophical culture can be called a
key and consolidating effort of thinkers with different political orientations. At the same time,
a characteristic feature of the era was the idea of the unity of a philosophical culture that does
not scatter into a multitude of diverse practices. At the opposite pole from official Marxism the
dividing line passed between the religious type of spirituality and the secular cultural practice
of philosophy, and, accordingly, between religious morality and “moral culture” as individual
free aspiration. The concept of “moral culture” in various interpretations was developed by
Professor Sokolov. The basis of morality for him is freedom, and the value is a productive
“freedom for”, which implies the participation of the individual in the whole (family, society,
and culture). Philosophical “self-care” leads to the desire for fullness of spiritual life, and freedom is supplemented by the “dictatorship of conscience”, which is not given rationally, logically, or socially, but is rooted in the love of goodness.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research has been performed within the grant of Russian Foundation for Basic Research
no. 20-011-00144-a “Theoretical legacy of philosophy in Leningrad — Petersburg. Second half of the
twentieth century”, St. Petersburg State University.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: philosophy of culture

value: moral culture

value: individual freedom

value: reflection

value: consciousness

value: benevolence


dc.contributor.author

value: Obolevitch, Teresa

dc.identifier.citation

value: Obolevitch T. The significance of faith in the concept of integral knowledge of Vladimir Solovyov. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 3, pp. 460–472.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the role and place of faith in the concept of Vladimir Solovyov who is
considered to be the creator of the first Russian philosophical system. The purpose of the article is to determine the epistemological and methodological significance of faith in Solovyov’s
understanding as a special factor of cognition. In order to study this problem, a synthetic
method of reconstruction of the thought of Solovyov as well as a method of philosophical
analysis was used. First, Solovyov’s project of integral knowledge or free theosophy is presented, i. e. synthesis of philosophy, theology, and science. The suppositions of this concept
are revealed and its polemical context is indicated, namely, Solovyov’s attempt to overcome
the abstract or one-sided principles: reason, empirical experience, and faith in order to create
an integral system that should unite all types of knowledge. In addition, philosophy as such
corresponds to reason, science to experience, and theology to faith. The second part of the
article is devoted to the epistemological aspects of faith in the concept of integral knowledge.
It lies in the fact that each act of cognition begins with the assertion of the objective existence
of its object, which Solovyov describes as faith in a broad sense of the word. Thus, faith has
a universal significance as a necessary condition for the cognitive process. The third part of
the article discusses the methodological aspect of faith as a key link in the system of integral
knowledge. As a result, faith has a dominant role not only in theology, but in all spheres of
knowledge, including philosophy and science. Thus, it is possible to conclude that there is no
conflict between faith and reason; on the contrary, they complement each other. Solovyov’s
position is still relevant nowadays.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article was prepared within the framework of the HSE University Basic Research Program and
funded by the Russian Academic Excellence Project “5–100”, National Research University “Higher school
of economics” (Moscow, Russia).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: faith

value: integral knowledge

value: theosophy

value: experience

value: science


dc.contributor.author

value: Nikonenko, Sergey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nikonenko S.V. The Myth of the Given today: Perspectives of realistic epistemology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 3, pp. 452–459.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the reception of Wilfrid Sellars’s The Myth of the Given. The Problem
consists in the ontological status of reality and the possibility of empirical knowledge. The
ideas of well-known representatives of modern analytical epistemology are analyzed: J. Searle, H.Putnam, J.McDowell, G.Evans, C.Peacocke, W.Child, T.Rockmore, etc. An attempt is
made in the article to show that The Myth of the Given is losing its relevance in modern humanistic realism where the world is already becoming a symbolic construct within the epistemological framework. Experience as such is no longer deemed as a linguistic phenomenon in
modern epistemology. Sellars’s argumentation is convincing only if universalism, in terms of
the interpretation of experience and reality, is criticized from the standpoint of radical pluralism of epistemological theories. In this case, indeed, no “Given” exists, viewed as a correlation
between the substance of Sensitivity and the only possible world of Reality. It is illustrated that
modern analytical epistemology is an arena of competition between two leading positions in
the interpretation of the world: externalism and internalism. Despite the contradiction between these theoretical positions, they are in accord in recognizing a pluralistic worldview,
which is, moreover, of a “humanistic” nature. These theories address neither “the given” nor
“the world of facts”. The main trouble with The Myth of the Given is the lack of criteria of objectivity in any act of experience.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: epistemology

value: analytical philosophy

value: reality

value: data

value: objectivity

dc.title

value: Article


dc.description.abstract

value:
Экспертное заключение о пакете проектов федеральных законов, направленных на укрепление института семьи
(подготовлено СПбГУ по поручению Совета при Президенте РФ по кодификации и совершенствованию гражданского законодательства

dc.type

value: Working Paper


title: Проект Административного регламента предоставления Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации государственной услуги по предоставлению гражданам информации о детях, оставшихся без попечения родителей, из федерального банка данных о детях, оставшихся без попечения родителей, для передачи их на воспитание в семьи граждан, выдаче предварительных разрешений на усыновление (удочерение) детей в случаях, предусмотренных законодательством Российской Федерации


dc.contributor.author

value: Akimov, Vladimir V.

value: Fedoskina, Anna S.

value: Kuzmina, Diana А.

value: Vlasova, Tatiana I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Akimov V. V., Fedoskina A. S., Kuzmina D. А., Vlasova Т. I. Comparative assessment of laser therapy efficiency of chronic generalized periodontitis treatment. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2020, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 198–202.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper is a result of collaboration between personnel of Saint-Petersburg and Saransk
medical universities. The purpose of the investigation was to improve treatment and secondary
prevention of chronic generelized periodontitis on the base of pathogenetically substantiated
scheme of laser therapy. Cohort prospective study included 98 patients (31 men and
67 women) suffered from chronic generelized periodontitis at the age from 30 to 50 years
with disease prescription from 3 to 10 years. All the patients were divided into three groups:
standard anti-inflammatory therapy, laser therapy, antioxidant therapy. Efficiency of periodontitis
treatment in the groups was estimated by clinical laboratory data, stomatological
indices (РМА, SBI, API,) resistance of gingival capillaries; degree of osseous resorption. State
of lipid peroxidation (LP) was estimated by the level of malondialdehyde (MDA, Fe2+-MDA)
and phospholipase А2. It was found that application of laser and metabolic therapy considerably
increase efficiency of standard treatment regimen and secondary prevention of chronic
periodontitis, that is manifested in significant decrease structural-functional changes and in
restoration of paradontium tissues microcirculation.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 15; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: chronic generelized periodontitis

value: laser therapy


dc.contributor.author

value: Lalaeva, Тatiana M.

value: Mineev, Valery N.

value: Тrofimov, Vasily I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lalaeva T. M., Mineev V. N., Trofimov V. I. Factor analysis of leptin, adiponectin effect and resistin during bronchial asthma. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2020, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 173–176.

dc.description.abstract

value:
To date, the participation of particular adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin) in the pathogenesis
of bronchial asthma has been well studied, however, their interaction, in particular
their cooperative effect on the course of the disease, has not been practically studied. The
aim of the study is to identify the effect of the cooperative interaction of key adipokines on
the course of bronchial asthma, depending on the pathogenetic variant of the disease. Factor
analysis was used to analyze the data from the study of the levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin
in 56 patients with bronchial asthma. Factor analysis made it possible to identify 3 factors.
Factor 1 reflects the direct effect of leptin signaling on the severity of bronchial asthma, to
a lesser extent on the exacerbation of the disease. In this case, the adiponectin component,
with a high negative factor load, is associated with the severity of the course and the phase of
bronchial asthma. Factor 2 reflects the direct effect of another adipokine resistin on the severity
of bronchial asthma, but we draw attention to the fact that the resistin component with a
large positive factor loading is associated with a non-allergic variant of bronchial asthma and
exacerbation of the disease. Factor analysis revealed a fundamentally different pathogenetic
role in relation to the severity of bronchial asthma of such adipokines as leptin and resistin in
different variants of the disease.

dc.subject

value: leptin

value: adiponectin

value: resistin

value: bronchial asthma

value: severity of the course

value: factor analysis


dc.contributor.author

value: Charyyeva, Gulshirin

value: Tibekina, Liudmila M.

value: Subbotina, Olga P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Charyyeva G., Tibekina L. M., Subbotina O. P. Pharmacoresistance in epilepsy and ways for overcoming it (literature review). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2020, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 184–197.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Epilepsy is the most taking place disease of the human nervous system. Despite the fact that
we are continuously introducing new medicines into therapy of this illness we still are failing
to take control over seizures in 1/3 cases. Persisting seizures gain considerable influence
on patients’ living standard and within children audience cause delays in person maturity.
Given article shows deep analysis of the last years researches which gave background to discover
main mechanisms of pharmacoresistance. The issues of pathophysiological features of
medicine resistance and reasons of false diagnostics are as well discussed. Authors highlighted
few pathologic conditions where applied differential diagnostics allowed to avoid diagnostical
mistakes. True definition of the certain seizures features according to the up to date classification
makes it possible for clinical staff to prescribe correct anticonvulsant therapy, so far
diminishing the risk of pseudo resistance outcome of disease. The article introduces criteria
of natural resistance which if being recognized allows to perform dew time surgical treatment
and therefore cuts seizures in most of the cases.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: epilepsy

value: pharmacoresistance

value: classification

value: comorbidity

value: differential diagnosis

value: treatment

dc.title

value: Article


title: Metabolic disorders and gut microbiota

dc.contributor.author

value: Kotrova, Anna D.

value: Shishkin, Alexandr N.

value: Lukashenko, Maria V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kotrova A. D., Shishkin A. N., Lukashenko M. V. Metabolic disorders and gut microbiota. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2020, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 177–183.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome are metabolic widespread disorders
that arise both under the influence of external factors (physical inactivity, high-calorie diet)
and under the influence of internal factors. The latter includes the intestinal microbiota which
deserves more and more attention in developing new strategies for the correction of metabolic
diseases. The discovery of new approaches for the gut microbiota study (metagenomic, metabolomic)
gives a new insight into the diversity and involvement of intestinal bacteria in the
metabolic processes of the whole organism. This article are reviewed the mechanisms of the
gut bacteria impact on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, the relationship of bacteria species
and their metabolites with tissue insulin sensitivity, body mass index. Special attention in the
regulation of tissue insulin sensitivity is paid to the role of short-chain fatty acids and secondary
bile acids, which are metabolites of gut bacteria. Understanding the influence of human
microbiota and its metabolites on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism provides the basis for
the development of new approaches to the prevention and treatment of socially significant
metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-315-90106.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 15; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: microbiota

value: metabolic disorders

value: lipopolysaccharide

value: short-chain fatty acids

value: bile acids

value: Metabolic disorders and gut microbiota


dc.contributor.author

value: Kopytenkova, Olga I.

value: Ganichev, Pavel A.

value: Zaritskaya, Ekaterina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kopytenkova О. I., Ganichev P. А., Zaritskaya Е. V. Hygienic safety characteristics of bottled water, used for potable water supply. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2020, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 214–220.

dc.description.abstract

value:
On the basis of the results of performed analysis of literature references concerning influence
of phthalates on population health indicators it was found out that their influence at prenatal
period may lead to asthma development in children, as well as to allergy, obesity; they also
provide anti-androgens effect, leading to growth inhibition and delay in sexual maturation,
and to variance of systolic pressure. In case of men phthalates are associated with decreasing
of testosterone level and sperms quality, that indicates at their possible role in male sterility. In
case of women phthalates are associated with increase of the risk of the second type of diabetes
appearance, as well as leiomyoma, endometriosis and breast carcinoma. Laboratory studies
performed in accordance with Customs union’s technical regulation ТР ТС 005/2011 enabled
to detect phthalates in the packages of bottled water, able to migrate into the bottled water. The
results justify the necessity to monitor phthalates in bottled water.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: bisphenol А

value: phthalates

value: bottled water

value: drinking water

value: polyethyleneterephthalate

value: polycarbonate


dc.contributor.author

value: Yeremin, Gennady B.

value: Markova, Olga L.

value: Noskov, Sergei N.

value: Mironenko, Olga V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yeremin G. B., Markova O. L., Noskov S. N., Mironenko O. V. On the issue of improving the assessment of atmospheric air quality in the area of industrial enterprises. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2020, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 208–213.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the Russian Federation, since 2018, the implementation of the Federal project “Clean air”
has begun, planned until 2024. Within the framework of this project, a set of works is planned
to reduce the level of atmospheric air pollution and improve the quality of monitoring of
harmful substances in the atmosphere. Our research was aimed at improving the monitoring
of the quality and condition of atmospheric air in the city of Volkhov, Leningrad region, in
the industrial zone of which modern production facilities are dynamically developing. Pollutants
of 78 types are released into the atmosphere of the city from 13 enterprises. The total
emission of pollutants into the atmosphere from these enterprises is 9.12 thousand tons/year.
The most significant contribution is made by the following enterprises: JSC “metachem” (JSC
“Apatit”) — 23.7 %; JSC “pikalevskaia soda” (LLC “Glatsem”) — 62.6 %, located on the same
industrial site.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Medicine;Volume 15; Issue 3

value: federal project “Clean air”

value: the health of the population

value: monitoring

value: sanitary and epidemiological regulation

value: аtmospheric air

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Petrova, Nataliya G.

value: Pogosyan, Sarkis G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petrova N. G., Pogosyan S. G. About the problem of personnel management in healthcare (on nursing staff example). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2020, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 203–207.

dc.description.abstract

value:
It is noted in the article that the problem of nursing staff shortage is relevant to all healthcare
organizations. According to the study performed in the basic institutions (the municipal
hospital and polyclinic) the staffing level is about 70 % without large changes in dynamics.
In addition, a significant portion of nurses (especially in the polyclinic) are the persons of
pre-retirement and retirement age. Only 28.9 % of nurses did not think about the possibility
of changing the location and nature of their work. The factors that can affect the ability to attract
and retain personnel were analyzed using the nurses’ survey. It was found that 82.2 % of
respondents believe that their workload is high; 58.3 % of them told that their work does not
fully correspond to the functional responsibilities. There are the problems in the relationship
in the team (including doctors and managers). Respondents consider that it is necessary to
improve the organization of the labor process in the institution, the system of wage and motivation
as a whole, to work for increasing the prestige of the profession. A number of measures
aimed to improve the personnel management in health care organization are proposed.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: personnel management

value: nursing staff

value: motivation


dc.contributor.author

value: de Carvalho, Jozélio Freire

value: Yamasita, João Ricardo

value: Churilov, Leonid P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: de Carvalho J. F., Yamasita J. R., Churilov L. P. Quality of life and muscle strength improvement in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient after nutraceuticals.Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine, 2020, vol. 15, issue 3, pp. 221–227.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The objective of the article was to describe a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
treated with nutraceuticals who had a better quality of life and improved muscle strength. A
65-year-old male patient with a past medical history of gout was diagnosed with amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis in 2016. He received intravenous immunoglobulin and prednisone, but no
improvement was observed. In 2018, he was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, submitted
to a bone marrow transplant, and initiated riluzole. After 2 months, he came to our private
clinic; he could not walk anymore and used outpatient nasal ventilator equipment. Beck anxiety
inventory (BAI) was 20 [normal range (nr): < 8], Beck depression inventory (BDI) was
12 (nr: < 10), Bristol stool form scale (BSTS) was 5 (nr: 3–4), and there were 7 symptoms of
dysbiosis. Analogic visual scale (Lickert scale) for well-being was 5.0. We suspended the colchicine,
added vitamin D3, creatine, vitamin C, N-acetyl cysteine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, B1,
and B6 vitamins. Dysbiosis was also treated. After 2 months, he returned feeling much better,
BAI and BDI reduced BDI to 11, and BSFS normalized. Following this evaluation, a nutraceutical
prescription was added: methylfolate, zinc, magnesium, green tea extract, Ginkgo
biloba, lipoic acid, pyrroloquinoline quinone, vitamin E, coenzyme Q10, and resveratrol. After 7 months, he was feeling very well; BAI and BDI were normal, he gained weight. He felt a
marked improvement in his muscle strength, and he gained again the capacity of eating alone,
his quality of life improved, and AVS well-being was 8.0. This report illustrates a demonstrative
case of a patient with ALS treated with nutraceuticals and improved his quality of life and
muscle strength. It may be an alternative therapeutic option for such patients.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
A contribution of L. P. Churilov was supported by the grant of the Government of Russian Federation
for state support of scientific research carried out under the supervision of leading scientists, agreement
14.W03.31.0009.

dc.subject

value: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

value: neurological disorders

value: lower neuron disease

value: immunity

value: vitamin D

value: nutraceuticals

value: supplements


title: Editorial

dc.identifier.citation

value: Editorial. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 368.

dc.description.abstract

value: Editorial

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 3

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bruns, Thomas

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bruns T. The role of the internet in the proliferation of new acronyms in the Russian language. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 373–387.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper focuses on a special form of English borrowing: the use of acronyms with phraseological
meaning. The Russian computer language, more precisely the Russian computer
slang, is unthinkable without the influence of English. This influence is manifested at various
language levels and in a variety of forms (borrowings, calques and half-calques, univerbats,
reverse derivatives, alphabetic and alphanumeric abbreviations, “distorted forms” of both full
names and acronyms). Based on the English abbreviations, first the meaning of the respective
full form is explained in English and then its fate is illustrated in the Russian host language.
Comparison with German, which also borrowed a large number of such abbreviations, shows
similarities and differences in the processing of these phraseological units. The term “digital
communication” here refers not only to communication on the Internet in a narrower sense
(chats, forums, e-mail, etc.), but also to such channels as SMS, Twitter, WhatsApp, and others.
The Internet plays a double role in the development of the modern Russian language: firstly,
as a means of mass communication that provides an opportunity to popularize new linguistic
phenomena in the shortest possible time and with maximum range, and secondly, as a generator
of new linguistic forms that would be impossible without the Internet itself. One part of
these neologisms refers to the technical features of digital communication and the tools necessary
for it, while the other part refers to the implementation of a new communicative style that
is clearly different from analogue communication in its oral and written forms.

dc.subject

value: phraseological borrowing

value: phraseological neologism

value: abbreviation

value: acronym

value: computer slang


dc.contributor.author

value: Walter, Harry

dc.identifier.citation

value: Walter H. Good seeds land on fertile soil: On the equivalence of vocabulary and phraseology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 388–397.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the problem of equivalence/inequivalence of words and phrases. This
problem is still very acute for modern phraseological science and especially for phraseographic
allotage practice. The original language for the analysis is modern German and the historical
aspect of the German language. Four phraseological units are described both semantically
and by the degree of their equivalence / nonequivalence in the Russian language. The first
(German: Unkraut vergeht nicht — lit. ‘Weeds do not leave; weed grass does not die’) has practically
no exact equivalents in the Russian language, the plot of the second (German: Wenn du
aufisst, wird morgen [wieder] schönes Wetter — lit. ‘If you reach the end, tomorrow (again)
will be nice weather’ — A call to the child to eat food on a plate to the end) continues the
line of nonequivalent German phraseology, in other languages it is impossible to find phrases
with the same figurative basis. The third unit (German: zu etwas kommen wiе die Jungfrau
zum Kind — lit. ‘Get something like a virgin a child’) reflects the biblical story, which in this
form does not exist in Russian, and in other languages we also do not see a similar motif of
the image of a virgin in the above sense. The last (auf fruchtbaren Boden fallen — lit. ‘to fall
on fertile soil’) is devoted to the biblical expression, which is fully equivalent in German and
Russian. Due to the biblical origin of the expression, it is known in many languages.

dc.subject

value: phraseology

value: paremiology

value: German-Russian equivalent

value: folk speech


dc.contributor.author

value: Zykova, E. I.

value: Kotova, M. Yu.

value: Raina, O. V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zykova E. I., Kotova M. Yu., Raina O. V. To the 80th anniversary of Professor Valery Mokienko. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 368

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 3


dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanova, Elizaveta V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanova E. V. On the lines of modeling phraseological units. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 426–445.

dc.description.abstract

value:
From the very beginning of the development of phraseology as a separate area of Russian linguistics,
the descriptive modeling of phraseological units has been widely undertaken. Meanwhile
the construction of their generative models has always raised questions and been realized
on a limited scale. This restriction is brought about by the high degree of idiomaticity of
the core units in the phraseological system, preventing the formation of semantic regularities
and defying systematization on a wide scale. The cognitive approach to a phraseological unit,
based on the frame structure of the latter, allows us to construct generative models both for
large and relatively small groups of phraseological units, their size depending on the degree of
generalization of the frame components. The idiom models under consideration in this article
comprise the invariant frames of meaning and literal meaning, which reflect relatively concrete
situations and are incorporated into the processes of conceptual integration. The focus
of attention is primarily the semantic regularities discovered in some groups of idioms, which
proves the existence of two contrary and asymmetrical tendencies. On the one hand, the
dominant tendency towards the formation of idioms isolated from each other by their unique
semantics and deprived of any regularity in their formation, on the other hand, the limited
tendency towards the manifestation of semantic regularities resulting from conceptual ones.
The regularities revealed in the formation of idiom semantics are the consequence of analogue
processes of thinking and interpreting the acquired knowledge, which inevitably initiates the
development of regularities even in those parts of the language system where they are least expected.
The established conceptual and semantic regularities give reasons to suppose that the
construction of generative models of idiom formation is fully justified in some cases, despite
the limited range of their function in the phraseological system. These regularities also allow
us to use the notion of a potential idiom alongside that of a potential word.

dc.subject

value: phraseological unit

value: idiom

value: modelling

value: invariant

value: frame

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Seliverstova, Elena I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Seliverstova E. I. The phenomenon of deformation of proverbs through the prism of the paremiological space’s laws. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 457–473

dc.description.abstract

value:
A study of the methods of speech transformation for common language units shows that any
language creativity, even the most inventive and unusual, relies in its methods on the cumulative
experience available in the arsenal of native speakers. The paremiological space of
the language, which is a set of all proverbial units that reveal the most diverse types of relationships
among themselves, also includes a number of units of other levels — typical syntactic
and logical structures, stable binomials that serve as the basis of proverbs, proverbial
fragments with semantics assigned to them, and generalized ideas implemented by several
units of the language of different lexical content and grammatical model. The language game,
which embraced the sphere of paremias in the post-Soviet era of “carnivalizing” the language,
manifested itself in the formation of new units according to existing models (Luchshe dlinnaia
zhivaja ochered’, chem korotkaia avtomatnaia), in contaminations (Baba s vozu — volki syty),
in the replication of countless versions of occasional endings for ordinary paremias (Ne pliui
v kolodets — prigoditsia pliunut’; … vylezet — ne prokormish’), semantic deciphers (Deti tsvety
zhizni, no ne nado davat’ im raspuskat’sia), etc. The focus of article is the sphere of language
transformations of an expression with structure that allows for varied deviations from the
usual form, for example the paremia Chem dal’she v les, tem bol’she drov according to the dictionary “Anti-proverbs of the Russian people” (2005) and Internet materials. Examples of the
intentional deconstruction of habitual paremias show that destruction does not occur, since
the proverbial form and logical-syntactic model of a common proverb appears in new units
and even part of the neologism continues to be the bearer of its meaning, enriched with occasional
semantic additions.

dc.subject

value: language game

value: proverb

value: elements of the paremiological space

value: transformation

value: method


dc.contributor.author

value: Borokh, Olga N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Borokh O. N. (2020) Chen Huanzhang and his role in studying the history of Chinese economic thought in the West at the beginning of the 20th century. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 3, pp. 514–540.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the experience of introducing traditional Chinese economic ideas to
Western scholars, using the example of Chen Huanzhang’s book “The Economic Principles of
Confucius and his School” (1911). Chen Huanzhang was the first Chinese scholar who acted as an intellectual mediator in disseminating knowledge about Chinese economic thought in
the West against the background of predominant efforts at bringing the achievements of Western
economics to China. Chen Huanzhang spoke from the standpoint of Confucianism, and
a unique combination of classical Chinese and American economic education enabled him to
integrate deep knowledge of Chinese tradition with mastering the basics of Western methodology.
Using little-known primary sources, the article analyzes the specifics of structure and
economic terminology of Chen Huanzhang’s work, with priority attention paid to his interpretation
of relations between production and consumption based on ancient Chinese classics.
It was demonstrated that Chen Huanzhang strived to produce a modernized interpretation
of consumption aimed at regulating human desires that was compatible with demands of
economic development and the inheritance of traditional moral standards. Evaluation of the
impact of the book on Western academic circles is based on the study of reviews published in
the early 1910s (the author of one of them being J. M. Keynes). The final section of the article
identifies the reasons for the evident growth of interest in the work of Chen Huanzhang in
China, where he was forgotten for a long time.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 36; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: China

value: West

value: economics

value: Confucianism

value: Chinese economic terminology

value: production

value: consumption

value: human desires

value: economic development

value: social sciences with Chinese characteristics


dc.contributor.author

value: Tsenzharik, Maria K.

value: Krylova, Yulia V.

value: Steshenko, Valeriia I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tsenzharik M. K., Krylova Yu. V., Steshenko V. I. (2020) Digital transformation in companies: Strategic analysis, drivers and models. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 3, pp. 390–420.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides terminology for processes of digitalization and digital transformation. For
structuring digital transformation processes, the authors offer a modification of the strategic
scorecard and distinguish technologies as an additional perspective. Using business cases, the
authors analyzed approaches to digital transformation, revealed principal digital transformation
models, and described them. The interrelations between targets, models, and strategies of
digital transformation are demonstrated. The authors argue that digital transformation has to
be considered to be a part of corporate strategy rather than isolated processes, with common
strategizing tools and metrics applied. External and internal environment elements for digital
transformation are structured. It is shown that the internal digital environment can be evaluated
with the companies’ digital maturity models. The external environment has a complex
structure that can be described by the digital economy and society development in a country,
a region, and a city; digital intensity level in an industry; and a digital ecosystem potential.
All the authors’ contributions and conclusions are based on research papers, public statistical
data, and analysis of Russian and foreign companies.

dc.subject

value: digital transformation

value: digitalization

value: digital strategy

value: strategic analysis

value: digital transformation model

value: digital environment

value: digital ecosystem

value: modified strategic card

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Boldyreva, Natalia B.

value: Reshetnikova, Liudmila G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Boldyreva N. B., Reshetnikova L. G. (2020) Effectiveness of investment activities of managers in the mandatory pension insurance system. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 3, pp. 483–513.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines reasons for the low efficiency of investment activity by pension asset
managers, and pension investment rules are formulated. These rules are based on the Asset
Allocation strategy, taking into account the long-term pension investments and the life-cycle
investment strategy. All pension portfolios of Russiаn managers have weak diversification by
asset classes, a high share of fixed income financial instruments, and a mismatch of the portfolio
structure with the risk profile of the beneficiary. The pension industry has high costs. We
evaluated the real efficiency of investment activity by pension asset managers according to
the classical theory of investments, and compared it with the risk-return benchmarks of the
Russian financial market. The real cumulative return by pension asset managers is negative for
the period 2008–2018. At the same time, the Russian financial market provided opportunities
for real growth of pension savings. Bank deposits allowed to defend capital from depreciation.
Modeling of index pension portfolios (conservative, balanced, and aggressive) in the Russian
financial market, according to pension investment rules, showed a positive impact on
investment management efficiency of regular rebalancing of the portfolio containing stocks.
The management of index pension portfolios by the proposed rules protect pension savings
against inflation. Pension asset managers improve the investment policy efficiency following
the pension investment rules.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 36; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: pension system

value: pension

value: funded pension

value: investment

value: financial market

value: pension funds

value: diversification

value: life cycle

value: investment portfolio

value: household finance


dc.contributor.author

value: Mesa-Lago, Carmelo

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mesa-Lago C. (2020) Assessing the conundrums of the Cuban economy under the revolution (1959–2019). St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 3, pp. 455–482.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article evaluates the resilient challenges faced by Cuba’s economy during the six decades
of the Revolution (1959–2019), mainly its historical external economic dependency upon a
foreign country (the USSR and Venezuela) and the adverse consequences that occur when
such relationship ends or deteriorates. Several hypotheses address that issue as well as others
such as the hindrance of the US embargo/blockade aggravated by Donald Trump’s punitive
sanctions and Cuban continuity of a centrally planned economy and predominance of state
enterprises over the market and the non-state sector. The core is an analysis of performance of
key economic indicators: GDP growth, gross capital formation, financial stability, mining-industry-
agriculture output, tourism and exports of professional services. Hypotheses are tested
with long-term statistical series elaborated and scrutinized by the author over half a century
based on Cuban official sources, as well as legislation, articles by Cuban scholars and from
news media. Among the results: external dependency has declined somewhat but demands
deeper economic reforms, there are no countries currently capable and willing to fully replace
Venezuela’s substantial aid, the ongoing crisis provoked by the deteriorating Venezuelan
economy cum Trump’s sanctions should have lesser adverse effects than the 1990s crisis that
resulted from the USSR disappearance. The article is a significant contribution to the study
of Cuba’s external economic dependence and its consequences, and should be also worthy for
other small economies and socialist countries.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 36; Issue 3

value: Cuban economy 1959–2019

value: external economic dependence

value: USSR and Venezuela economic relationships

value: evaluation of economic performance

value: impact of Venezuelan crisis and Trump sanction on Cuba

value: crises

value: anti-crisis policies

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lapinova, Svetlana A.

value: Anikina, Alena I.

value: Osharin, Alexander M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lapinova S. A., Anikina A. I., Osharin A. M. (2020) Analysis of export and import structures using network methods (on the example of the agricultural market). St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 3, pp. 421–454.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Analysis of trade cooperation between countries and identification of the most significant
market participants is of great importance, both theoretically and empirically. The global
trading community forms a network of international relations defined by trade contracts in
various industries. Export-import trade flows are one of the key indicators of the level of
cooperation among countries and the state of the global economy. The high intensity of such
contacts across groups of countries suggests the existence of clusters in this market segment,
consisting of central players — exporters and importers, who often define rules for other participants.
Understanding the existence and identification of such a center helps to develop an
optimal international trade strategy. The purpose of this contribution is to identify factors affecting trade flows among different countries. Statistical analysis of the international trade
relations does not always reveal all the essential aspects of cooperation. This paper combines
the methods of graph theory and econometric analysis to study the parameters of trade flows
among countries. The parameters used in the network analysis make it possible to obtain additional
characteristics of market participants, which help to evaluate their significance in the
world trade. The paper also identifies some key mathematical and economic characteristics
of export-import flows connecting destination countries. We have analyzed the directions
of changes in world trade and established correspondences between metric characteristics of
graph vertices and parameters of world trade models. The Russian indicators in export/import
categories and its largest sales agents are estimated. The identification of the key intermediaries
and importers (centers and authorities) on each of the markets in question has been carried
out. As an example for this identification the market of agricultural products among the
world’s largest exporters and importers of the product were used.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 36; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: globalization

value: international trade models

value: econometric models

value: export and import models

value: graph theory

value: network analysis


dc.contributor.author

value: Popova, Antonina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Popova A. A. (2020) Recent trends in the implementation of trade and development strategies in developing countries. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 3, pp. 371–389.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Globalization in the 21st century, like any profound process occurring in society, brings both
new opportunities and risks. One tool that helps countries overcome continued economic uncertainty
is strategic planning. Despite the fact that the scientific community is still debating
whether the state should coordinate a country’s economic processes, in practice the number
of strategic trade and economic initiatives is constantly growing. This article analyses trends
in the design of trade and economic strategies in developing countries from 2000 to 2015,
reasons for growing interest in implementing such initiatives, and changes in the structure
of strategic documents. Calculations are based on systematic and graphic analyses of data
published by the International Trade Centre and the World Bank. The results of this analysis
show that increasing interest in implementing trade and development initiatives in the 2000s
was preceded by a World Bank policy aimed at alleviating the burden of high-indebted by poor countries. This policy required beneficiaries to have a poverty reduction strategy (e.g. the
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers — PRSP). The development of PRSPs helped to create and/
or restore institutional mechanisms needed to implement such initiatives, which had been
lost back in the 1980s. The promotion of the global development goals—Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs) 2000–2015 and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2015–2030,
adopted by 193 UN member states — served as a trigger for scaling up the development of
strategic initiatives. Such initiatives adopted in developing countries, with the support of international
organizations, were focused mainly on solving the food and nutrition problems
and improving basic social services. Their successful implementation improved existing planning
practices and increased the effectiveness of state institutions in developing countries. At
the same time, the first positive results returned faith in the effectiveness of these strategic
programs for the development of a country’s economy. This created an impulse for the capacity
of developing countries to implement later trade and economic strategies without the
support of third organizations, giving them the autonomy to allocate resources in high valueadded
sectors. Nevertheless, despite all the efforts in developing countries, the weak points of
these initiatives remain poor elaboration of action plans and the lack of financial resources to
achieve stated objectives.

dc.subject

value: strategic initiatives

value: trade and economic planning

value: economic development

value: developing countries

value: global development goals


dc.contributor.author

value: Kristinevich, Sergey A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kristinevich S. A. (2020) Instrumental support for designing mechanisms of institutional intervention. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 36, iss. 3, pp. 354–370.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The interaction of participants in the political-economic process cannot always be successfully
described in terms of mechanisms of market coordination and is not always based on
principles of a voluntary and mutually beneficial exchange that increases well-being. The fact
is that economic actors are not uniform in the possession of power. Accordingly, activity for
the rational use of limited resources is not based on competition between homogeneous economic
entities in a spontaneous economic order, but on conflict between subjects with different
power potentials in a hierarchical structure. Thus, power acts as a competitive advantage,
which rational subjects tend to use for the purpose of force redistribution. One of its forms
is institutional intervention — a behavioral model based on a coercive strategy through the
establishment (change) of rules. The article describes the potential use of optimization and
equilibrium models to describe the behavioral interventionist strategies. Optimization models
characterize the interventionist behavior at the initial stage of institutional design, and
equilibrium models determine possible variation in interactions between interventionists and
victims during the redistribution of power. Methods for quantifying effects of institutional
change are systematized. The proposition that violent equilibrium is not a specific distribution
of mutual gains from cooperation, both with voluntary exchange and coordination level of
tolerance (the maximum value of costs that the victim is willing to sacrifice) and a threshold
(the lowest possible) values interventionist legitimacy, is substantiated. As guidelines for the
evaluation of deviations from the equilibrium levels, we offer levels stability, efficiency, and
legitimacy of institutional design.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 36; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: institutional interventions

value: forced exchange

value: legitimacy

value: power redistribution

value: violent equilibrium

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Dobrovol’skij, Dmitrij Olegovich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dobrovol’skij D. O. Corpus-based approach to phraseology research: New evidence from parallel corpora. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 398–411.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The present paper discusses the possibility of using parallel corpora in the study of phraseology.
The results of the analysis support the assumption that the use of corpus data not
only significantly improves cross-linguistic descriptions, but also changes the very idea of the
specifics of phraseology as a subsystem of the lexicon. Parallel corpus data make it possible
to identify the language-specific features of idioms that were traditionally considered completely
equivalent. As the empirical bases, parallel subcorpora of the Russian National Corpus
(RNC) are used: Russian-German and primarily German-Russian. In some cases, the material
of the main corpus of the RNC is involved. In addition to the task of identifying similarities
and differences between semantically similar idioms of German and Russian, the paper also
addresses general issues, in particular the question of the boundaries of the concept of crosslinguistic
equivalence and ways to operationalize it. At least two different types of equivalence
have to be distinguished: equivalence at the level of the language system and equivalence at the
text level. The proposed method includes a subsequent comparison of individual pairs of correlating
idioms of different languages based on corpus data. It aims at identifying differences
between them, including semantic, syntactic, pragmatic and combinatorial ones. The results
of the performed analysis may find application in bilingual lexicography.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This paper is based on the work supported by the RFFI (Russian Foundation for Basic Research)
under Grant 17-29-09154.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: phraseology

value: parallel corpus

value: Russian

value: German


dc.contributor.author

value: Mieder, Wolfgang

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mieder W. Money Makes the World Go ’Round: The pecuniary worldview of modern American proverbs. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 505– 526.

dc.description.abstract

value:
No matter in what currency, money rules personal and financial life to a remarkable degree,
and it is not surprising that international and national proverb collections contain a plethora
of examples from antiquity to the modern age. Many monetary proverbs were coined in the
United States with modern American proverbs reflecting this preoccupation with pecuniary
issues quite distinctly. Based on about 110 such proverbs coined after the year 1900 it is shown
that they contain folk wisdom regarding business, trade, sales, purchase, payment, price, etc.
with money playing a dominant role. This can be seen as a reflection of a general American
worldview or mentality stemming from the fact that capitalism is part of the social and economic
structure of the country. The proverbs under discussion are from The Dictionary of
Modern Proverbs (2012) edited by Charles Doyle, Wolfgang Mieder and Fred Shapiro. Some of
the modern proverbs give solid financial advice, especially regarding investment in the stock
market. While many of them indicate a definite preoccupation with materialistic matters and
an interest in accumulating wealth, there are also proverbs that deal with such socio-economic
aspects as the widening schism between richness and poverty. There can be no doubt that
money and wealth in all their iterations are part of the American capitalist worldview. There
are numerous other components to the image of a general American mentality, but business
and finance certainly belong to it.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: modern American proverbs

value: mentality

value: money

value: worldview


dc.contributor.author

value: Ďurčo, Peter

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ďurčo P. Phraseological constructions preposition + noun in German and Slovak. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 412–425.

dc.description.abstract

value:
On the example of lexico-syntagmatic combinatorics of minimal phrases of the preposition +
noun type, a new approach to the study of equivalence from the point of view regarding their
collocability, aspects of use, and recurrent lexical expansion models based on large corpora in German in compariosn to Slovak is presented. A special type of German prepositional phrase
(PP) with a zero or fossilized article is examined. The zero article or the fossilized article before
the noun indicates a higher degree of lexicalization and is therefore of particular interest from
the point of view of phraseology. Analysis of PP is primarily carried out in their usual language
environment in authentic corpus data. The corpus data in the form of cooccurrence-profiles
and recurrent lexical extensions are processed qualitatively from the point of typical reproducible
lexical-semantic fields, for which a special lexpan program is used. This approach is
used in parallel to find equivalence in the German-Slovak language pair. The article shows the
reasons for the polyequivalence of this type of minimal phrases. Convergences and discrepancies
between PP and their equivalents do not form clear disjunctive relationships. Factors
affecting the equivalence of PP include the divergences of extensional or intensional semantics
and the scattered inclusion of aspects of use, typical collocation profiles of the compared PP,
and their recurrent extension models. In the German-Slovak comparison, the heterogeneous
character of compatible verbs with special features in aspect and type of action also plays an
important role. These analyses are evidence for our previous observations, which showed that
the equivalent depends on the typical fixed, usual environment and the hypothesis of a prototypical
equivalent in the case of PP raises serious doubts.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research is supported by Scientific Grant Agency VEGA, project no. 1/0352/20 “Confrontational
research on the lexicalization of structural models in German and Slovak”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: minimal phrasems

value: preposition + noun

value: contrastive analysis

value: Slovak

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Norman, Boris Ju.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Norman B. Ju. Comparative Slavic phraseology and paremiology: Cornerstones and stumbling blocks. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 446– 456.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The comparison of phraseological units of various Slavic languages is based on a unified system
of concepts and their oppositions. Czech and Russian, Polish and Russian, Russian and
Bulgarian, and Russian and Ukrainian idioms and paremias are studied in the article. Russian
idioms such as белая ворона, паршивая овца and Polish biały kruk, czarna owca, Czech
idioms obĕtní beránek and Russian жертвенный агнец, козел отпущения are examples of
comparison. The sources of the material for the study are published bilingual dictionaries of
phraseological units, as well as articles by linguists from different countries on this topic. Numerous
semantic differences (connotations) were found that confirm the idiomatic character
of each language. The equivalence of phraseological units is hindered by their polysemy and
different semantic scope. And the content of proverbs reflects more the morality of society at a
certain stage of its history than the linguistic image of the world. The influence of the national
cultural background on the phraseological productivity (“phrasemogeneity”) of lexemes is demonstrated in the work. In particular, the words цървул, калпак, бъклица, трън, denoting
the facts of rural life, are productive for Bulgarian phraseology. An attempt is made in the
article to systematize the differential features that distinguish phraseological units of different
languages. These are such oppositions as: “person” — “object”, “space” — “time”, “spiritual”
— “material”, “assessment: approving/disapproving/neutral”, “external manifestation” —
“internal state”, “scale: general — private”, and “stylistic coloring: from rough to sublime”. The
depth and thoroughness of the semasiological analysis revise the thesis about the universal
phraseological fund. The article discusses and develops some provisions of professor Valery
Mokienko’s concept.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research is supported by UrFU Competitiveness Enhancement Program (agreement No. 02.
А03.21.0006).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: phraseology

value: paremia

value: comparison

value: Slavic languages

value: connotation


dc.contributor.author

value: Kotova, Marina Yu.

value: Raina, Olga V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kotova M. Yu., Raina O. V. Towards a linguistic vision of the world at the paremiological level of language. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 487–504.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines the thematic groups of the Russian paremiological minimum of Grigoriy
Permyakov, and its reflection in various foreign paremiological corpora, to support the idea
of the specifics of a linguistic picture of the world at the paremiological level of language. The
authors’ collections of Slavonic proverbs from 2000–2019 are utilized. The work applies the
approach of contrastive paremiological studies promulgated by Valeriy Mokienko, in order
to demonstrate the systematic characteristics of the paremiological level of expression: polysemantic,
currently synonymous (70 groups) and antonymous (30 groups) Russian proverbs.
Some proverbs are found in several synonymous and/or antonymous pairs: from our database,
the total number of proverbial synonyms is 195 out of 500 proverbs, and of proverbial antonyms
83 out of 500 (as a result, approximately 39 % of our Russian paremiological minimum
are in a synonymous relationship and approximately 17 % of proverbs are in an antonymous
relationship). The authors conclude that the synonymous proverbs appear in all 12 groups of
our thematic classification of Russian proverbs and the antonymous Russian proverbs appear
in 10 thematic chapters out of 12. It is proposed that the thematic subgroups, containing synonyms
or/and antonyms, are the dominating segments of the Russian proverbial representation
of the world, which highlight the most important sides of the Russian conception of life
embodied in proverbs.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This paper is written within the framework of the project “Electronic dictionary of current active
East Slavonic proverbs” (20-012-00105) funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: paremiological level

value: paremiological minimum

value: proverbial representation of the world

value: Russian language

value: thematic classification


dc.contributor.author

value: Bartmiński, Jerzy

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bartmiński J. The collection as a text-forming mechanism: A case study of a playful bachelor song. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2020, 17 (3): 474–486.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Based on the example of the Old Polish song “Pannom świat, / A mężatkom niebo, / A wdowusiom
raj, raj, raj, / A babkom piekło” (En. lit. ‘For maidens the world / For married women heaven,
/ And for widows paradise, paradise, paradise / And for crones hell’) and its many variants in
Polish song folklore, the author discusses the text-forming mechanism of the basic collection:
maiden — married woman — widow — crone, which is the starting point to introduce some
coupled, or mirrored collections of the type: heaven — paradise — purgatory — hell. The concepts
of collection and complex are applied here as useful analytical tools which allow for identification
of culturally stable stereotypical sets, and for labelling them with the use of superordinate
lexemes, e.g. VEHICLES: coach-in-four — royal coach — stagecoach — wheelbarrow; DRINKS:
wine — beer — weak, home-brewed beer — water, etc. The analysis of a multi-variant song, performed
in the present study, leads to the conclusion that Albert Lord’s oral-formulaic theory of a
text of folklore needs to be extended by introducing a more general idea of the “textual pattern”
active on the level of individual text elements, as well as on the level of an entire text. In the case
discussed in the present paper, the factor that integrates the whole message is constituted by a
mocking intention assigned to the male (“bachelor’s”) point of view.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 17; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: Polish song folklore

value: collection

value: textual pattern

value: text-forming mechanism

value: male (bachelor’s) point of view

dc.title

value: Article


title: S.T.Varun-Secret. “A.D.Protopopov and the Last Days of the State Duma”

dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanov, A.A.

value: Mashkevich, S.V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanov A.A., Mashkevich S.V. ‘S.T. Varun-Secret. “A.D.Protopopov and the Last Days of the State Duma”’, Modern History of Russia, vol.10, no.3, 2020, pp.773–796.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project no. 19-09-00252.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 10; Issue 3


dc.contributor.author

value: Zakharova, Anna Vladimirovna

value: Dyatlova, Elena Sergeevna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zakharova A. V., Dyatlova E. S. On the builders and painters active in Prilep, North Macedonia, in the дate 13th сentury. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 46–72.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper analyses the particularities of architecture and murals in the churches of St. Demetrius
and St. Nicholas in Prilep, North Macedonia. Both churches were built and painted in several phases, which
generated various views on their attribution and dating in the scholarly literature. The authors argue that the
last rebuilding of St. Demetrius church was done by the same crew that finished the construction of St. Nicholas
church between 1284 and 1298. Many specific traits indicate that these builders came to Prilep from the
central regions of the Despotate of Epirus. Analyzing painting style the authors conclude that one or two
local painters were responsible for the murals in the altar zones of the two churches. There are also wall
paintings belonging to other layers in the both churches. The master who finished the painting in the church
of St. Nicholas in 1298 could be of Epirote origine, although some traits of his style reveal the knowledge
of local trends in the art of Macedonia too.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was prepared with the financial support of Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 20-18-00294,
at the Research Institute for Theory and History of Architecture and Town Planning, branch of the Central
Research and Project Institute of the Construction Ministry of Russia (Moscow).

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (28)

dc.subject

value: art

value: cultural studies

value: Byzantine wall painting

value: Byzantine architecture

value: frescoes

value: Palaeologan art

value: North Macedonia

value: Prilep

value: Epirus


dc.contributor.author

value: Selin, Adrian Aleksandrovich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Selin A. A. «Expelled from Livonia»: Towards the issue of the arrangement of landowners of «Old» and «New German towns» after the Plyussa Treaty 1583. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 24–35.

dc.description.abstract

value:
History of Muscovite estate shaping in «German towns» in 1550s–1580s is closely connected
with Novgorod, Pskov, Rzheva Pustaya as servicemen communities. These servicemen were the source for
new landowners in the lands taken by Muscovites to the West from Narova river. Only Rzheva Pustaya was
more or less studied already. The paper is an attempt to generalize the data on number and personal content
of «German towns» landowners (mostly on sources of 1582) and to study the issue of the significance of
the experience of making estates in Livonian lands for the day-to-day culture of Muscovite servicemen.
Geography of Russian landownership in Livonia is under consideration. Also the historiographical
discussions of the reasons of Russian Livonia project fail is studied in the article. Special attention is paid
to the issue of Muscovite landowners evacuation from Livonia after military defeats of 1580–1582. Record
books of Rzheva Pustaya and Novgorod Vodskaya pyatina included notes of the towns and districts in
Livonia that have been left by the landowners. Other record books of North-Western Muscovy only mention
the new strata of servicemen «new landowners of German towns». Special groups of «Rugodiv and Juryev
newly baptized [tartars]» and «Cossacks from Govye» were also separately mentioned in the record books.
In the last period of Livonian War not only Livonia itself but also some border districts of former Novgorod
land were left by Muscovites. In 1582–1583 the Moscow Government also took responsibility for the
landowners from that lost districts. V. A. Arakcheev noted the order on the land security of those servicemen
issued between January 23 and March 4, 1583. In early 1580s the landowners of «German towns» received
estates in «abandoned lands». Later Court lands were spread between them.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared within the framework of the HSE University Basic Research Program 2020
«Transformation of Regimes of Governing Diversity: Subjecthood Discourses and Practices in the Russian
Empire».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Livonia

value: Novgorod land

value: local land tenure

value: Livonian war

value: service people

value: nobility

value: Medieval studies

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Angermann, Norbert

dc.identifier.citation

value: Angermann N. Russian merchants in Livonia in the 17th century. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 3–23.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper describes the trade activity of Russian merchants in Livonia (in the widest sense of
the term, including Estonia), which was under the rule of Sweden and Poland in the 17th century and later
only under the Swedish rule. The main purpose of Russian merchants in the beginning of the 17th century
was Reval (Tallinn) and later Narva. They also visited Riga and much less Dorpat (today’s Tartu). The author
was able to identify new evidence of this by working in the archives of Baltic cities. Shopping yards for
Russian merchants were established in Riga, Narva and Dorpat, which served as living quarters and a place
for storing and selling goods. Interesting information about this is provided by the accounts of German farm
administrators in Narva and Derpt, which are analyzed in this article for the first time. Russian guests in
Livonia were mainly middle and minor merchants, as well as representatives of the largest trading companies
in Novgorod and Pskov, commissioners of the tsars and, on the other hand, artisans, peasants and fishermen.
Their activities served the extensive European trade in linen, hemp, leather, fat and fur as the main Russian
supplies. The Livonian inhabitants were also supplied with industrial and agricultural products. The number
of visitors to Livonia from northwest Russia and beyond was significantly higher than the number of Livonian
merchants trading in Novgorod, Pskov and Moscow.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (28)

dc.subject

value: trade

value: russian merchants

value: Early Modern time

value: Riga

value: Reval

value: Narva

value: Dorpat

value: study of economics


dc.contributor.author

value: Lavrentyev, Aleksandr Vladimirovich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lavrentyev A. V. To the history of the appearance of frescoes by Andrey Rublev and Daniil Cherniy in the Assumption Cathedral of Vladimir. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 141–158.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the reasons and circumstances of the trip made by the famous icon painters
Andrei Rublev and Daniil Cherny in 1408 to Vladimir-on-Klyazma in 1408, commissioned by the Grand
Prince Vasily Dmitrievich in order to «renew» frescos of the Assumption Cathedral. The trip resulted in one
of the most famous fresco ensembles of the Russian Middle Ages. In historiography, it is customary to explain
the arrival of the icon painters to Vladimir by the constant concern of the Grand Prince authorities about
the cultural and political «Vladimir heritage». The article suggests that a possible reason for the beginning
of the works was the preparation of Vladimir and other cities on the former lands of the Grand Principality
of Vladimir for their transfer to the governance of the Lithuanian Prince Svidrigailo Olgerdovich. In the
summer of 1408 Svidrigailo left for Russia accompanied by the Bryansk bishop, Lithuanian Orthodox
princes, boyars and a military squad. Awarding the ancient capital of the Great Principality to the new
«servant» of the Grand Prince Vasily Dmitrievich Vladimir was unprecedented. Vladimir-on-Klyazma was
never mentioned among the Russian territories granted to other Lithuanian princes who passed into the
service of Moscow in the 14th–15th centuries. Svidrigailo Olgerdovich’s «departure» and the simultaneous
commanding of the icon painters to the city to work on the paintings of the cathedral was hardly an accident.
At the end of the same year, Svidrigailo Olgerdovich left his new «service», and due to that the works on
frescos were suspended and never not resumed in the future.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Andrey Rublev

value: Daniil Cherniy

value: Svidrigailo Olgerdovich

value: Vladimir na Klaz’me

value: art

value: cultural studies


dc.contributor.author

value: Nemykina, Elena Aleksandrovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nemykina E. A. Transformation of the Nemanichi’s ideology in the monuments of the Milutin era (1282–1321) in the conquered Macedonian territories. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 89–106.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is devoted to the problem of the influence of ideological attitudes on the iconographic
programs of the medieval Macedonian monuments at the end of the 13th – the first quarter of the 14th century.
This period is associated with the reign of the Serbian king Milutin (1282–1321), who conquered a number
of Macedonian territories from Byzantium and married the daughter of the Byzantine emperor Andronicus II
Palaeologus (1282–1328). Close kinship with the imperial family and Milutin’s active policy towards
Byzantium become the key factors for the reorientation of Serbian ideology from a national platform to
an imperial one. The process of «byzantinization» affects all the areas of the life of the Serbian kingdom,
including art. Establishing his presence in Macedonia, Milutin, with the help of the Greek masters, actively
builds and restores churches, rebuilds the Greek buildings and invites the Greek artists, Michael and
Eutychios, belonging to the progressive artistic movement to paint churches. Thus, the architectural and
pictorial ensembles of this time arise within the framework of the Byzantine artistic tradition and correspond to
the main currents of the Byzantine art. Fresco paintings are created in accordance with the stylistic principles
of the advanced trends of the Paleologian Renaissance and are replete with fresh iconographic solutions, new
semantic accents and compositions. Good preservation of the most of Milutin’s monuments ensured close
attention of the researchers. However, with a thorough study of the Byzantine traditions in the Serbian cultural
paradigm, the fact of embedding national specifics into the Byzantine imperial theme remained unnoticed, as
evidenced by a number of the iconographic features of the monumental paintings considered in this article.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work is supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant 20-18-00294 and performed in
Scientific Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning, branch of the Central
Institute for Research and Design of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of
the Russian Federation.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (28)

dc.subject

value: imperial theme

value: iconography

value: medieval fresco painting

value: national specifics

value: Milutin

value: ideology of Nemanichi

value: Macedonia

value: Serbian Kingdom

value: cultura of Medieval Ages

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Flikop-Svita, Halina Aljaksandrawna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Flikop-Svita Η. Α. «Local altars» ― a unique phenomenon of the Greek-Catholic church in Belarus (late 17th – early 19th centuries). Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 159–178.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the unique cultural and religious phenomenon which was formed and
existed for about a century and a half in the Greek Catholic (Uniate) Church of the Rzeczpospolita — altars,
included in the iconostasis. To denote these sacred objects in the Uniate records of the 18th century, as it
became known from numerous researched historical documents, the Polish-language term «ołtarze
namiesne» («local altars») was used. «Local altars» was created with the setting of the throne to the
icons of the local (lower) rank of the iconostasis — hence the name. Their occurrence is related to
the adoption of Uniate religious practices, which was originally preserved in the Eastern Christian
rites, the Western-Christian traditions. «Local altars» is an alternative to the traditional Catholicism
of the side wall of the altars. In liturgical practice they were used with the same purpose — they
can serve custom-made mass, but in manufacturing it was more simple and budget method: it was
necessary only to put the throne to the iconostasis under the local icon. With time, formed a way
of creating iconostases originally included in them aedicules — architecturally designed niches for
local icons, which visually resembled the traditional architectural retablo altars. With the abolition
of the Uniate Church in 1839 temples were converted to Orthodoxy, and all attributes of Catholicism
were dismantled. Up to the present time on the territory of Belarus has no surviving full «local altar»
with the throne. The study was conducted on the basis of historical documents of the late 17th – early
19th centuries with descriptions of nearly two thousand parish, branch, monastery and Cathedral
Greek-Catholic churches in Belarus. It was found that by 1676 the practice of using «local altars»
already existed, as evidenced by the revealed date of creation of the only preserved in Belarus, Uniate
iconostasis with aedicules from the Church of Assumption monastery in Zhirovichi village, Slonim
district of Grodno region. Thus, the «local altars» to the last quarter of the 17th century became the
Uniate practice, where it was used until the early 19th century. Due to the complete loss of the artifacts
to date, this sacred phenomenon in the Greek-Catholic churches in Belarus was not known.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: «local altar»

value: the iconostasis

value: the lower rank of the iconostasis

value: the Greek Catholic Church

value: the throne

value: the local icon


dc.contributor.author

value: Naydenova, Darya Vadimovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Naydenova D. V. The zoomorphic iconography featuring Saint Christopher in the art of the Balkan countries. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 107–124.

dc.description.abstract

value:
St. Christopher was one of the few Christian saints whose image was portrayed in vivid and
remarkable iconic art. Although the anthropomorphic iconographic image of the martyr was known in the
Byzantine world since ancient times, the painters purposely proceeded to depict this saint in his zoomorphic
guise. The belief in his miraculous power allowing to prevent troubles and to guard against diseases, fostered
by the diverse artistic interpretations of the zoomorphic face representation, emphasized his particular mystical
status, which enabled this unprecedented martyr’s iconography to survive almost until the present day. The
zoomorphic iconography featuring Saint Christopher in the art of the Balkan countries was rather diverse and
did not correspond to any persistent canon until the 19th century. The lack of metropolitan works representing
St. Christopher in zoomorphic appearance led to a variety of interpretations of his face representation. This
article focuses on the zoomorphic iconography of Saint Christopher in the art of the Balkan countries (Greece, Serbia, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania). Based on the analysis of the extensive corpus of the martyr’s
images, portrayed in the monumental and easel paintings of the Balkan countries, the author identifies several
subtypes of the martyr’s zoomorphic iconography (with a head of a dog, a horse and actually of a lamb),
reveals the possible ways of emergence of each subtype, as well as outlines the regional distinctive features
of the prevalence of one or another zoomorphic subtype.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (28)

value: Balkans

value: art

value: St. Christopher

value: painting of the Balkan countries

value: iconography

value: zoomorphic iconography

value: art of the Balkan countries

value: symbolic meaning

value: veneration tradition


title: Façade decoration of Palaiologan churches in Thessaloniki: Specificity and evolution of the local approach

dc.contributor.author

value: Zavorina, Maria Leonidovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zavorina M. L. Facade decoration of Palaiologan churches in Thessaloniki: Specificity and evolution of the local approach. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 73–88.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the Palaeologan architecture of Thessaloniki.
Based on the analysis of approaches to the facades organization, iconographic and compositional features
of the facade decor, an attempt is made to clarify the local specifics of the Thessalonikan architecture and
establish the patterns of its development. Among the main features that form the architectural identity
of Thessaloniki are: a combination of metropolitan and provincial traditions, rethinking and combining
retrospective elements in line with current stylistic trends, rooted in the traditions of Byzantine architecture
and rejection of Western European stylistic elements. In its development, Thessalonikan architecture went
through two stages, each of which is marked by an appeal to the traditions of previous periods. The first stage
(late 13th – first third of the 14th century) is characterized by intensive development of the local variant of
the Palaeologan style based on combination of the traditions of Constantinople, Epirus, Nicea, Northern and
Southern Greece. These searches are carried out on the basis of the same architectural type and show three
different approaches to the organization of facades in a combination of metropolitan and provincial stylistic
paradigms (vertical and horizontal systems of articulation, architectural decor and retrospective vocabulary
of ceramoplastic decorative elements). The monuments of the second stage (1350s – 1378) are marked
by typological variety and show a tendency to reproduce and interpret local architectural models from
the first third of the 14th century. The dynamics of the development of Thessalonican architecture does not
allow to characterize this center as conservative, and the retrospectiveness of the Palaeologan architecture
of Thessaloniki seems to be a creative method of local masters rather than a qualitative characteristic of
their works.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was support by Russian Science Foundation, project No. 20-18-00294 (Artistic Traditions,
Church and State Ideology in Medieval Art and Architecture of the Balkans: The Macedonian Issue).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Byzantine architecture

value: Palaeologan Age

value: Thessaloniki

value: façade decoration

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Chouliarás, Ioannis P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Chouliarás I. P. The catholicon of the monastery of Agios Panteleimon on the Island of Ioannina, Greece. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 125–140.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The monastery is located at the SE end of the settlement of the Island and became widely known in
modern history, as Ali Pasha was assassinated in its cells in 1822. The catholicon today is a three-aisled basilica with
a quadruple roof and in its present size was probably built at late 17th or early 18th century. The aisles are separated
by wooden colonnades. The W and N walls, probably most of the E, were rebuilt after their destruction in the
early 19th century by falling rocks. In the E there is a semicircular arch. The original church was supposed to
be a small one-aisled with a semicircular arch, traces of which were discovered on the SE side of the modern
church. From the early building phase the modern church has incorporated part of the S wall, which dates
to the early 15th century. On the W side was added a late 19th century loggia, which is roofed with a sloping
roof lower than that of the church and possibly replaced an older one. The column of the loggia comes from
an earlier building phase of the church. On the W side is raised a rectangular narthex, possibly of the same
date as the loggia, which is roofed with a quadruple roof. The present entrance door to the main church is
located at the W end of the S wall, while the original door was opened in the middle of the same wall and has
been walled today. There is a small conch above the walled door. The church is built of stone with irregularly
placed stones. More elaborate construction on the arch with carved stones in the pseudo-isodomic system.
On the S wall between the stones are inserted bricks. Brick arched frame is formed above the walled gate. The
fresco decoration of the catholicon is confined to the outer front of the S wall and the lower parts of the main
church. It is of particular importance, as we distinguish five post-Byzantine phases, the first of which at the
end of the 15th century. The first is located in the E part of the outer front of the S w all. The rest continue
to the W on the outer front of the same wall and on the lower parts inside the main church. In the initial
phase of the frescoes belong the Deisis with the Christ and the Virgin, as well as the frontal St. Nicholas,
behind the Virgin. The upper parts of the scene have been repainted. The next phase, which can be dated to
the 16th century, involves the half-bodied Christ above the conch of the S wall, who blesses with open arms
and two full-length archangels on either side of the conch, who have also been repainted. In the third phase of the painting belongs the enthroned Virgin holding the Child amid two angels, pictured behind her massive
wooden throne. The composition is to the right of the entrance door to the church. This layer is precisely
dated by a dedicatory inscription bearing the date ZΡKϚ (= 1617/18). The penultimate phase is found only
in the interior of the catholicon, in the lower parts of the sanctuary, and on the N and S walls of the main
church, where a decorative zone is distinguished. The feet of at least two saints are visible on the N wall,
another figure of saint next to the iconostasis on the S wall and to the right of the doorway to the church the
lower part of the body of a frontal archangel, who steps on a cloud. Above the door there should have been
the inscription, mentioned by Aravantinos, but not preserved today, and bearing the date ΑΨΖ (= 1707).
During the late 19th century, the outer conch of the S wall was painted with St. Panteleimon, who is depicted
half-bodied and holding a vessel and a scalpel. The building phases of the catholicon and the multiple layers
of its decoration make it one of the most important monuments of the Ioannina area, as it locates the oldest
known frescoes on the Island and throughout the Ioannina basin. At the same time, after reading of one
of the dedicatory inscriptions, it was possible to distinguish more clearly the painting layers and to make
more effective use of the older reading, by Aravantinos, of the inscription in the interior of the catholicon.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (28)

dc.subject

value: Monastery of Agios Panteleimon

value: the Island of Ioannina

value: Ioannina

value: post-Byzantine painting

value: Xenos Digenis

value: Nektarios and Theophanis Apsarades

value: art

value: cultural studies


title: Is the Livonian peasant rich or poor?

dc.contributor.author

value: Straube, Gvido

dc.identifier.citation

value: Straube G. Is the Livonian peasant rich or poor?. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 36–45.

dc.description.abstract

value:
For a long time, the dominant opinion in the historiography was that the situation of the peasants
in Livonia and later in Vidzeme in the 17th–18th centuries was steadily worsening year by year. But analysis
of the information on the peasant households in the so called Hackenrevision of the 17th and 18th century. It
shows that the situation was more complicated. If we compare the data of 1624, 1730, 1750–1751 we can see
the following tendencies. There is a quantitative growth of all indicators of prosperity of the peasantry. The
number of cattle, horses and workers per household increased several times (from one or four in 1624 to
12 at the maximum in the 18th century). A horse was important for field work, and the more horses in a farm,
the more effectively the work was organized, the easier it was to allocate resources to carrying the barch,
the horses could rest after hard work. In addition, a large number of horses on a farm already indicated a
certain well-being, when they were kept not only for work, but also for prestige and representation. Increased
numbers of cows helped to improve the diet of families and servants (increasing the proportion of meat and
dairy products in it) as well as raising the sales of dairy products in the market. A larger number of cows
enabled more abundant fertilisation of the fields, thereby increasing their productivity. The increase in the
number of able-bodied people on the farms indicates an increase in the demographic indicators. The farm
could provide a normal life for more people. The bigger the labour force, the higher the economic potential
of the farm. More land could be farmed, more livestock could be kept, more food could be provided, and
it was easier to fulfil one’s obligations to the landowner. All this shows that the thesis about the worsening
of the situation of the livonian peasants in the 17th–18th centuries is not supported by the sources. On the
contrary, growing prosperity meant that the farmstead owner could afford to do less physical work and pay
more attention to farm organization. This developed his mental capacities.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Livonia

value: Swedish Kingdom

value: history of the Baltics

value: economic history

value: peasantry

value: manor

value: land revisions

dc.title

value: Is the Livonian peasant rich or poor?


dc.contributor.author

value: Belavin, Andrey Mikhayilovich

value: Bubenko, Tatyana Stanislavovna

value: Butin, Dmitriy Alexandrovich

value: Chernenko, Elena Evgenyevna

value: Grigorieva, Natalia Vladimirovna

value: Gubchevskaya, Lyudmila Aleksandrovna

value: Haustova, Irene Aleksandrovna

value: Krylasova, Natalia Borisovna

value: Lapshin, Vladimir Anatolyevich

value: Peskova, Anna Anisimovna

value: Sarapulov, Alexey Nikolaevich

value: Sedykh, Valeriy Nikandrovich

value: Selin, Adrian Aleksandrovich

value: Senichenkova, Tatyana Borisovna

value: Shcheglova, Olga Alekseevna

value: Sorokin, Pyotr Egorovich

value: Yakovleva, Elena Aleksandrovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Anatoliy Nikolaevich Kirpichnikov (25.06.1929 – 16.10.2020). Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 185–224.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Memories of Anatoliy Nikolaevich Kirpichnikov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor,
Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (28)

dc.subject

value: obituary

value: Kirpichnikov A. N.

value: archeology

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Karev, Andrey Aleksandrovich

value: Skvortcova, Ekaterina Aleksandrovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tatyana Valerianovna Ilyina (21.01.1934 – 26.10.2020). Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 179–184.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Memoirs of Tatyana Valerianovna Ilyina, Doctor of Art History, Honorary Professor of St. Petersburg
State University, a renowned scholar who made an outstanding contribution to the studies of 18th century
Russian art.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: T. V. Ilyina

value: art history


dc.contributor.author

value: Chertkov, Mikhail

value: Chertkova, Daria

value: Dvornichenko, Andrey Yuryevich

value: Egorova, Alexandra

value: Grechkin, Vitaly

value: Khodyakov, Mikhail Viktorovich

value: Mamin, Camille

value: Ovsjannikov, Dmitriy Vladislavovich

value: Piankevich, Vladimir Leonidovich

value: Voskresenskaya-Macevan, Elena

dc.identifier.citation

value: Taisiya Mikhailovna Kitanina (14.06.1929 – 26.12.2020). Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 225–233.

dc.description.abstract

value: Memories of the Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Taisiya Mikhailovna Kitanina.

dc.subject

value: T. M. Kitanina

value: historiography


dc.contributor.author

value: Belousov, Mikhail Sergeevich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Igor Yakovlevich Froyanov (22.06.1936 – 05.12.2020). Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2020, vol. 2 (28), pp. 234–239.

dc.description.abstract

value: An obituary in memory of the outstanding St. Petersburg scientist I. Ya. Froyanov.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (28)

dc.subject

value: I. Ya. Froyanov

value: obituary

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsova, Anna N.

value: Tenberga, Inese

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuznetsova, Anna N., Tenberga, Inese. 2020. The civil law form of musharakah as an instrument for direct participation of the Islamic bank in capital: A retrospective analysis and modernity. Pravovedenie 64 (3): 326–351.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Conventional banks, which operate under the conditions of interest capitalism, no longer dominate
the financial sector. In the 21st century, Islamic banks, which provide services on an interest-
free basis, have become their main competitors. In recent years, Islamic banking has grown
rapidly even though 30–40 years ago it was only a regional phenomenon that could be found in
countries with a predominantly Muslim population. The dispersal of capital by scaling a separate
interest-free banking segment is now on the agenda of the Islamic world. It is stimulating
the growing social demand for a fair distribution of resources within the community, as well as
sustaining, at the same time, resilient economic development. However, the activity of Islamic
banks remains a poorly studied and understood phenomenon within the circles of Russian legal
science. In this article, the authors reveal the legal nature of the participation transaction involving
shirkat al’-inan, while attempting to clarify the notion of using musharakah as a form of civil
law, derived from shirkat al’-inan, within the Islamic banking system.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 64; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: musharakah

value: al-shirkah

value: shirkat al’-inan

value: participation transaction

value: investments

value: Islamic banking

value: Islamic bank


title: Guest editor’s note

dc.contributor.author

value: Zoll, Fredrik

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zoll, Fryderyk. Guest editor’s note. Pravovedenie 64 (3): 311.

dc.description.abstract

value: Guest editor’s note

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University