title: Budget equalisation as a tool for regional development in the system of Russian budget federalism

dc.contributor.advisor

value: Кондрашов Денис Дмитриевич

value: Kondrasov Denis Dmitrievic

dc.contributor.author

value: Мальцев Ярослав Андреевич

value: Maltcev Iaroslav Andreevich

dc.contributor.editor

value: Кайсарова Валентина Петровна

value: Kajsarova Valentina Petrovna

dc.description.abstract

value:
Бюджетные отношения в Российской Федерации формировались в 1990-е годы, во времена политической и финансовой нестабильности с преобладанием центробежных сил в стране. Однако, спустя почти два десятилетия сохранились огромные диспропорции в региональном развитии и бюджетной обеспеченности субъектов РФ. Диспропорции ставят граждан в неравное положение, что создаёт потенциал для социальных возмущений.
     Существующая система бюджетного вырывания, действующая в рамках системы бюджетного федерализма, призвана сгладить диспропорции региональных бюджетов и регионального развития. Но сохраняющиеся, а главное, перманентно усугубляющиеся диспропорции указывают на необходимость качественной оценки эффективности существующей системы бюджетного выравнивания и модели бюджетного федерализма, а также выявления способов её совершенствования в интересах сбалансированного регионального развития и достижения высоко уровня национального благосостояния.
     Исследование посвящено установлению именно количественных диспропорций бюджетной системы, которые осложняют равномерное развитие субъектов Российской Федерации. Это дает ясное представление о масштабах проблемы и вариантах её решения в дополнение к существующим государственным программам, планам и стратегиям связанных с политикой развития регионов.
     Результаты работы: на основе фундаментальных положений теории бюджетного федерализма, разработаны авторские сценарии совершенствования распределения бюджетных доходов (бюджетного выравнивания) регионов исходя из их потребностей, через частичную или полную передачу налога на прибыль в федерльный бюджет и увеличения на эту сумму дотаций на выравнивание бюджетной обеспеченности, что является дополнением к существующим концепциям.
     Создание и поддержание хорошего уровня бюджетной обеспеченности большинства регионов будет способствовать равномерному развитию всей территории Российской Федерации, так как региональные власти получат необходимые ресурсы для социально-экономического развития, а также сделает возможным синергетический эффект роста экономики, укрепит территориальную целостность государства, и даст большему числу граждан раскрыть собственный человеческий потенциал.

value:
Budget relations in the Russian Federation were formed in the 1990s, at a time of political and financial instability with the predominance of centrifugal forces in the country. However, almost two decades later, there are still huge disparities in regional development and budget security of the Russian Federation's subjects. Disparities put citizens in an unequal position, which creates the potential for social outrage.
     The existing system of budget extraction, operating within the framework of the system of budget federalism, is designed to smooth out the disproportions between regional budgets and regional development. However, persistent and, most importantly, permanently worsening imbalances point to the need for a qualitative assessment of the effectiveness of the existing system of fiscal alignment and the model of fiscal federalism, as well as to identify ways to improve it in the interests of balanced regional development and achieving a high level of national welfare.
     The study is devoted to the establishment of quantitative imbalances in the budget system, which complicate the uniform development of the Russian Federation's regions. This gives a clear idea of the scale of the problem and its solutions in addition to existing state programs, plans and strategies related to regional development policies.
     Results: based on the fundamental provisions of the theory of budget federalism, author's scenarios for improving the distribution of budget revenues (budget equalization) of regions based on their needs, through partial or full transfer of income tax to the Federal budget and increasing subsidies for equalization of budget security by this amount, which is an addition to existing concepts.
     Creating and maintaining a good level of budget security in most regions will contribute to the uniform development of the entire territory of the Russian Federation, as regional authorities will receive the necessary resources for socio-economic development, as well as make possible the synergetic effect of economic growth, strengthen the territorial integrity of the state, and allow more citizens to develop their own human potential.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Бюджетный федерализм

value: дифференциация регионального развития

value: бюджетное выравнивание

value: бюджетная обеспеченность

value: налоги

value: трансферты

value: дотации.

value: Fiscal federalism

value: regional development differentiation

value: fiscal alignment

value: fiscal security

value: taxes

value: transfers

value: grants.

dc.title.alternative

value: Бюджетное выравнивание как инструмент развития регионов в системе российского бюджетного федерализма

description: Article

description: ReviewSV


title: От «информатизации» к «цифровизации»

dc.contributor.author

value: Прокудин, Дмитрий Евгеньевич

dc.identifier.citation

value: Прокудин, Д. Е. От «информатизации» к «цифровизации» / Д. Е. Прокудин // Философская аналитика цифровой эпохи : сборник научных статей / Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет. – Санкт-Петербург : Издательство Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета, 2020. – С. 38-52.

dc.description.abstract

value: Одним из основных нарративов общественного развития в последнее время становится «цифровизация», которая постепенно красной нитью пронизывает все пространства существования человека, все сферы его деятельности. Но совсем недавно постулировалось развитие общества как информационного, и в общественном и, соответственно, научном дискурсе обсуждались «актуальные проблемы информатизации» (образования, экономики, культуры и т. д.). Что же повлияло на переход от «информатизации» к «цифровизации»? Какие смыслы можно из этого извлечь? Как это связано с процессами глобализации? К какому обществу мы движемся, когда некоторые мыслители констатируют наступление общества постинформационного? В предлагаемой статье производится попытка дать ответ на эти и другие вопросы, проанализировать основные смыслы «цифровизации».

dc.subject

value: информатизация

value: цифровизация

value: общественное развитие

value: цифровая экономика

value: цифровая культура

value: цифровое образование

dc.title

value: От «информатизации» к «цифровизации»

dc.type

value: Article

filename: Философская аналитика_Прокудин.pdf

format: Adobe PDF


title: Психоэмоциональное благополучие: интегративный подход

dc.contributor.author

value: Головей, Лариса Арсеньевна

value: Манукян, Виктория Робертовна

value: Трошихина, Евгения Германовна

value: Данилова, Марина Викторовна

value: Дерманова, Ирина Борисовна

value: Голованова, Надежда филипповна

value: Рыкман, Людмила Владимировна

value: Александрова, Ольга Викторовна

value: Ануфриюк, Ксения Юрьевна

dc.description.abstract

value:
В монографии рассмотрены уровневые и структурные особенности  психоэмоционального благополучия (ПЭБ) в разные периоды развития человека. Описаны половые, статусно-ролевые, поведенческие факторы, влияющие на ПЭБ, раскрывается его роль в повседневных и трудных жизненных ситуациях. Показана взаимосвязь ПЭБ со свойствами личности и с различными вариантами самоосуществления. Завершают монографию методические рекомендации по психолого-педагогической поддержке и оптимизации ПЭБ. Представлен комплекс методов диагностики ПЭБ.
 Монография может представлять интерес для психологов, педагогов, клиницистов, студентов и аспирантов и всех, кто занимается практической работой с людьми.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Издание осуществлено при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований по проекту №20-113-00013. Монография подготовлена по результатам исследования,
поддержанного грантом РФФИ №16-06-00307-ОГН

dc.publisher

value: Издательство "Нестор-История"

dc.subject

value: психоэмоциональное благополучие, психологическое благополучие, субъективное благополучие, саморазвитие, самоосуществление, трудные жизненные ситуации, удовлетворенность жизнью

dc.title

value: Book

filename: Психоэмоциональное благополучие_интегративный подход.pdf


title: ТРУДЫ СЕМИНАРА "КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ МЕТОДЫ В МЕХАНИКЕ СПЛОШНОЙ СРЕДЫ". 2019-2020 ГГ.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Труды семинара «Компьютерные методы в механике сплошной среды». 2019-2020 гг. СПб.: Изд-во С.-Петерб. ун-та, 2020. — 126 с. ISSN 2218-7421

dc.description.abstract

value: В сборнике представлены результаты исследований по механике сплошной среды, в основном задач колебаний и устойчивости упругих конструкций. Характерной чертой исследований является использование разнообразных компьютерных методов: методов вычислительной механики сплошной среды, компьютерной алгебры, визуализации и др. Анализ опирается на сопоставление данных, собранных в различных подходах, причем наиболее часто сопоставляются результаты, полученные асимптотическими методами и по методу конечных элементов. Издание адресовано исследователям, специализирующимся в области применения компьютерных методов в механике сплошной среды.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: Издательство Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета


dc.identifier.citation

value: Труд молодежи в XXI веке: вызовы и возможности. Диалог поколений. Материалы Петербургского международного молодежного форума труда — 2020. Санкт-Петербург, 28 февраля 2020 г. / под ред. Р. В. Карапетяна. — СПб.: Изд‑во С.‑Петерб. ун-та, 2020. — 162 с.

dc.description.abstract

value:
В настоящий сборник вошли статьи участников Петербургского международного молодежного форума труда — 2020. Форум, традиционно представляющий вклад молодых специалистов в освещение наиболее острых проблем труда молодежи, на этот раз был посвящен проблематике развития человеческого капитала. В материалах, включенных в сборник, авторы обращаются к актуальным вопросам взаимоотношений работника, работодателя и государства, исследуют эффективные технологии и практики повышения кадрового потенциала.
Издание будет полезно обучающимся вузов и молодым специалистам в сфере труда, а также всем, кто интересуется возможностями развития современного общества.

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.title

filename: 120097_ПММФТ-2020 макет.pdf


title: Беломорская студенческая научная сессия СПбГУ— 2020 Тезисы докладов

dc.identifier.citation

value: Беломорская студенческая научная сессия СПбГУ — 2020. Тезисы докладов. — Санкт-Петербург: Свое издательство, 2020. — 98 с.

dc.description.abstract

value:
В сборнике представлены материалы докладов, представленных на конференции «Беломорская
студенческая научная сессия СПбГУ — 2020» (6–7 февраля 2020 г., Санкт-Петербург). Ставшее уже
традиционным мероприятие объединяет молодых исследователей, чьи исследования связаны с Арктическим регионом. Основные акценты работы конференции остаются прежними: поддержка междисциплинарности, создание условий для взаимодействия студентов со старшими коллегами и потенциальными работодателями, поддержка мотивирующей и дружественной атмосферы в профессиональном сообществе исследователей Арктики. За счет расширения программы тезисы постерных докладов сгруппированы в пять тематических разделов: (1) экология; (2) океанология, геохимия и почвоведение; (3) эмбриология и молекулярная биология; (4) паразитология; и (5) зоология. Еще один раздел включает тезисы устных докладов, подготовленных студентами и приглашенными экспертами. Важное нововведение — двуязычный формат сборника как шаг на пути интеграции в международную программу научной работы в высоких широтах. Участники представляют более 20-ти организаций (вузы, научные институты, заповедники, учреждения дополнительного образования) из разных городов России.
Конференция проходила при поддержке Ассоциации выпускников СПбГУ и Центра морских
исследований МГУ им. М. В. Ломоносова.

dc.publisher

value: Свое издательство


dc.contributor.author

value: Должиков, Алексей Вячеславович

dc.identifier.citation

value: Должиков А. Уже пора умом Россию понимать? Требование пригодности в конституционном правосудии // Сравнительное конституционное обозрение. 2020. № 6 (139). С. 51-86.

dc.description.abstract

value: В данной статье автор анализирует применение требования пригодности в конституционном правосудии. В работе выдвигается аргумент о том, что по сравнению с философскими по своей сути категориями разумности и рациональности этот элемент принципа соразмерности имеет практическую ценность в судебном контроле законодательства. Государство должно отвечать минимальным характеристикам совещательной демократии, чтобы суды могли использовать доктрину разумности. Среди этих характеристик признание многообразия идеологий, реальная конкуренция политических партий и иных групп, серьёзное отношение в обществе к дискуссии и другие. Высшие суды, даже в странах с устоявшимися демократическими традициями, обычно используют приём самоограничения в оценке разумности законов. В нелиберальных и популистских режимах в силу унификации общественного дискурса и имитации демократических институтов сама постановка вопроса о разумности решений большинства может быть опасной. Аргумент об абсурдности решений представительных органов власти является сравнительно редким для практики Конституционного Суда РФ и встречается в особых мнениях конституционных судей. Для российского конституционного правосудия в связи с недавним законодательным запретом на обнародования этих мнений доводы ad absurdum приобретают скорее теоретическое значение. Более того, критика разумности законодательства способна сейчас создать дополнительные препятствия для непростого диалога Конституционного Суда РФ с парламентом и иными «политическими» органами. Альтернативой критического осмысления неразумности парламентских решений в конституционном правосудии служит заимствование экономической методологии и отдельных принципов законодательной политики. Автор выдвигает тезис о влиянии принципов научной обоснованности, прогнозирования, системности на оценку способности законодательных средств достигать публичных целей. Требование пригодности имеет прикладное значение в вопросах дискриминации. Так, если неравное обращение затрагивает основополагающие права действительно уязвимых социальных групп, конституционные судьи способны повышать интенсивность судебного контроля неразумных законов.

dc.subject

value: Конституционное правосудие

value: соразмерность

value: разумность

value: пригодность

value: оценка регулирующего воздействия

value: научная обоснованность

value: прогнозирование

value: системность

value: запрет дискриминации

dc.title

filename: 2020 Должиков Требование пригодности.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Dolzhikov, Aleksei

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dolzhikov A.V. General Principles of Law in an Age of Constitutional Identity // The Journal of Comparative Law. 2020. Vol. 15. № 1. P. 183–222.

dc.description.abstract

value: The author analyzes the general principles of law in constitutional adjudication. This phenomenon is considered in the light of the doctrine of constitutional identity spreading in the legal academia and practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The article consists of two parts. The argument is advanced in first part of a paper that those principles applied in constitutional adjudication through using the legal Latin. Special attention is paid to international law. Those principles are received here a normative framework and have great conceptual significance for the formation of general international law. A distinction is made between international custom and the general principles of law as often nonconsensual rules. The thesis is substantiated that, the essence of the general principles of law is in their definition as unwritten law. From historical point of view, the general principles of law are unthinkable outside the natural law as a type of legal philosophy. The main points of the presented paper are illustrated by the example of the proportionality principle. In second part it begins with an analysis of the three main stages of the proof of the general principles of law. On the first stage, the number of legal systems selected for comparative analysis is limited. In the second stage, an assessment of achieving critical mass is made in order to recognize the universality of a particular principle. The third stage involves the establishment of the adequacy of a particular general principle of law to the model of Russian judicial constitutional review. The thesis is substantiated in this part of paper that, general principles have an integrative role in municipal private and public law. Proportionality as an integral principle and judicial technique ensures the harmonization of the national legal order. The general principles of law are the normative grounds for judicial constitutional review. They impose legal obligations on the most important public authorities.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: General Principles of Law

value: Constitutional Identity

value: Proportionality Principle

value: International Custom

value: Natural Law

value: Unwritten Law

value: Constitutional adjudication

dc.type

value: Article

filename: 2020 Dolzhikov General principles of law.pdf


title: Труды Романовской обсерватории — Вып. 3: Пора учиться у дерева

dc.contributor.author

value: Москвин, А. А.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Труды Романовской обсерватории / гл. ред. А. А. Москвин. — Вып. 3: Пора учиться у дерева. — СПб., 2020. — 56 с. — ( Серия «Экология»).

dc.description.abstract

value:
В выпуске третьем Трудов анализируются системно неустранимые угрозы, сопровождающие развитие индустриального общества, рассматриваются экологические проблемы, неразрывно переплетающиеся
с историей и социологией. Предлагается для обеспечения устойчивого развития человека в человечестве учиться у дерева рассредоточенному производству, использованию отходов на месте образования, энергетической и любой другой самодостаточности. Выдвигается концепция создания индивидуального устройства жизнеобеспечения — ИНДУЖИЗ. Предлагается также техническое решение для повторного освоения и обживания обезлюдевших лесных пространств России

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.title

value: Book


dc.contributor.author

value: Nedyalkova, Plamena Nedyalkova

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nedyalkova, P. Quality of Internal Auditing in the Public Sector : Perspectives from the Bulgarian and International Context. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2020, XII, р.266

dc.description.abstract

value:
This book examines key methodological and organizational questions with regard to assessing the quality of internal audits. By studying the status quo of these audits in the public sector, including municipalities, it identifies relevant weaknesses, loopholes and issues. In addition, the book assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the approved control system to explain the reasons why, and conditions under which, internal audits are ineffective, and proposes new metric and non-metric indicators to improve the quality of internal auditing.
Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for anyone responsible for financial controls and internal audits and will appeal to students and financial practitioners alike.

dc.publisher

value: Springer Nature Switzerland

dc.title.alternative

format: image/png

description: Обложка книги. Издательство не разрешает книгу в открытом доступе


title: Лекарственное обеспечение граждан лекарственными препаратами, не входящими в перечень ЖНВЛП, не предусмотренными стандартами лечения заболевания и не зарегистрированными на территории РФ

dc.contributor.author

value: Соколова, В.В.

dc.description.abstract

value: Abstract

dc.subject

value: ЖНВЛП

value: лекарственное обеспечение

value: лекарственные препараты

value: препараты, не зарегистрированные на территории РФ

dc.type

value: Other

format: Microsoft Word XML


title: Проблема квалификации действий медицинских работников для привлечения их к ответственности по ст. 124 УК РФ

dc.contributor.author

value: Летова, Ангелина

value: Белов, Сергей Александрович

dc.subject

value: квалификация действий

value: медицинский работник

value: ответственность

value: статья 124 УК РФ


title: Enhanced Pervaporation Properties of PVA-Based Membranes Modified with Polyelectrolytes. Application to IPA Dehydration

dc.contributor.author

value: Dmitrenko, Mariia

value: Kuzminova, Anna

value: Zolotarev, Andrey

value: Ermakov, Sergey

value: Roizard, Denis

value: Penkova, Anastasia

dc.description.abstract

value: In this work, dense and supported pervaporation polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based membranes modified with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)(PSS)/PAH top nanolayers were synthesized. Two main points were investigated: the role of the polyelectrolyte PAH on water selectivity of the selective polymer matrix and the impact of the porous substrate based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and aromatic polysulfone amide (UPM-20®), used to get supported high-performance membranes. Various methods of analysis (fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), porosity, contact angles, ultrafiltration) were applied to study the developed membranes. Transport characteristics of the developed membranes were studied in isopropanol dehydration by pervaporation. Obtained results are discussed in the light of the structure and physicochemical characteristics of these PVA/PAH membranes and the types of porous substrate. It was shown that the PAN-supported membrane with the selective layer based on PVA/PAH modified by 10 polyelectrolyte PSS/PAH bilayers possessed ~4.5 times higher permeation flux with the same high selectivity level (99.9 wt % water in the permeate) for the dehydration of the isopropanol (20 wt % water) at 60 °C compared to the commercial analog PERVAPTM 1201.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: polyvinyl alcohol; polyelectrolyte; pervaporation; ultrafiltration; layer-by-layer deposition; isopropanol


dc.contributor.author

value: Koval, Andrey

value: Gavrilov, Nikolai

value: Pogoreltsev, Alexander

value: Shevchuk, Nikita

dc.identifier.citation

value: Koval, A. V., Gavrilov, N. M., Pogoreltsev, A. I., & Shevchuk, N. O. (2019). Reactions of the middle atmosphere circulation and stationary planetary waves on the solar activity effects in the thermosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124, 10645-10658 doi: 10.1029/2019JA027392

dc.description.abstract

value: Using numerical simulations of the general atmospheric circulation during boreal winter, statistically confident evidences are obtained for the first time, demonstrating that changes in the solar activity (SA) in the thermosphere at heights above 100 km can influence propagation and reflection conditions for stationary planetary waves (SPWs) and can modify the middle atmosphere circulation below 100 km. A numerical mechanistic model simulating   atmospheric circulation and SPWs at heights 0 – 300 km is used. To achieve sufficient statistical confidence, 80 pairs of 15-day intervals were extracted from an ensemble of 16 pairs of model runs corresponding to low and high SA. Results averaged over these intervals show that impacts of SA above 100 km change the mean zonal wind and temperature up to 10% at altitudes below 100 km. The statistically confident changes in SPW amplitudes due to SA impacts above 100 km reach up to 50% in the thermosphere and 10 – 15% in the middle atmosphere depending on zonal wavenumber. Changes in wave amplitudes correspond to variations of the EP-flux and may alter dynamical and thermal SPW impacts on the mean wind and temperature. Thus, variable conditions of SPW propagation and reflection at thermospheric altitudes may influence the middle atmosphere circulation, thermal structure and planetary waves.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Russian Science Foundation (grant #18-77-00022); Russian Basic Research Foundation (grant #17-05-00458)

dc.publisher

value: John Wiley & Sons ltd.

dc.subject

value: numerical simulation

value: thermosphere

value: middle atmosphere

value: solar activity

value: planetary waves

dc.title

value: Article


title: Linear generalized Kalman-Bucy filter

dc.contributor.author

value: Tovstik, Tatiana M.

value: Tovstik, Petr E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tovstik T.M., Tovstik P.E. Linear generalized Kalman-Bucy filter. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 636–645.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The linear generalized Kalman  Bucy filter problem is studied. An observed process is
a sum of a useful signal and a noise. A signal and a noise are independent stationary
auto-regressive processes with orders exceeding 1. The filter estimates a signal by using an
observed process. Two algorithms of filter are considered, recurrent and direct. In frames
of the recurrent algorithm to find the next in turn estimation of a signal the current
observation and some last previous filter estimations are used. The direct algorithm uses
all previous observations directly. For the both algorithms the errors of estimation are
found. The advantages and locks of both algorithms are discussed. Calculations at the recurrent algorithm does depend on time of observation. The direct algorithm is reduced
to a linear algebraic system, order of that increases with a time. On the other side, the
direct algorithm converges with growth of time in all cases, and the recurrent algorithm
sometime may not converge. Numerical examples are given.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project No. 17-01-00267а.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 6 (64); Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Kalman-Bucy filter

value: recurrent and direct algorithms

value: high order auto-regressive processes

value: Linear generalized Kalman-Bucy filter


title: The French colony and the Russian national periphery in 1845 year: to the issue of the difference between the principles of imperial governance

dc.contributor.author

value: Овсянников Дмитрий Владиславович

dc.description.abstract

value:
В  статье  рассматривается  история  возобновления  на  Кавказе  института
наместничества  под  руководством  М.С.  Воронцова  и  то,  как  модель  управления  регионом
претерпевала  изменения.  Помимо  обзора  предыстории  ведомств,  в  руках  которых  находилось
гражданское  управление  в  предшествующий  период,  делается  попытка  уделить  внимание  такому
важному  элементу,  как  разграничение  полномочий  наместника  и  созданного  ранее  Кавказского
комитета  как  высшего  органа  гражданского  управления  на  Кавказе.  Субъективный  фактор  (роль
личности  наместника  в  его  отношениях  с  военным  министром)  благотворно  сказался  на  данном
разграничении  и  положительно  повлиял  на  конструктивную  работу  по  совместной  проблеме
ведомств, а именно – зарубежному колониальному опыту управления. В поле зрения русских чинов
оказался  документ,  выпущенный  официальным  органом  печати  правительства  Франции, содержащий  постановления  об  управлении  Алжиром.  Очевидная  схожесть  ситуации,  связанной  с
управлением территориями, которые находятся в процессе военного покорения, вызвала у  русской
администрации понятный интерес. Это привело к переводу документа и составлению сравнительного
обзора  русского  и  французского  методов  управления.  В  частности,  подробно  рассматривается
иерархия  управления,  административно-территориальное  деление,  кадровые,  финансовые  и
судебные  вопросы.  Разбор  французских  постановлений  и  русских  инициатив  позволяет  сделать  их
анализ  и  обозначить  основные  принципы,  составляющие  суть  двух  подходов  к  управлению
территориями,  населенными  туземцами/инородцами,  мусульманское  население  которых
продолжало в исследуемый хронологический период оказывать вооруженное сопротивление.
Все это разбирается на основе широкого материала, в том числе и неопубликованных архивных
источников.

dc.title

filename: Французская колония и русская национальная окраина в 1845 году. к вопросу о различии принципов имперского управления.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Gorikhovskii, Viacheslav I.

value: Nagnibeda, Ekaterina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gorikhovsky V. I., Nagnibeda E. A. Energy exchange rate coefficients in modeling carbon dioxide kinetics: calculation optimization. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 659–671.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Algorithms for calculation of vibrational energy exchange rate coefficients at the collisions
of carbon dioxide molecules are considered in the paper. For numerical modeling of CO2
vibrational kinetics in the state-to-state approach, it is necessary to solve a system of
differential equations for level populations of three vibrational CO2 modes at each step
of calculations; the number of these equations is about several thousands. Right hand
sides of these equations contain hundreds of thousands of energy exchange rate coefficients.
From the numerical point of view, this modeling relates to the Big Data and requires
developing rapid numerical methods or pre-calculations. Such amount of data also requires
providing a fast data access. Up to the present time, for the state-to-state description of CO2
vibrational relaxation, only simplified kinetic schemes were used with limited number of
vibrational levels and energy transitions. In the present paper, the problem is solved in the
complete formulation. The complete sets of CO2 vibrational levels and energy transitions
are taken into account. The effective scheme for calculation of vibrational energy exchange
rate coefficients is proposed on the basis of parallel computations and code optimization as
well as the optimal data structure for their storage.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-11-00041).

dc.subject

value: vibrational kinetics

value: carbon dioxide

value: state-to-state approach

value: optimization of numerical calculations


dc.contributor.author

value: Steklova, Irina A.

value: Raguzhina, Olesya I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Steklova, Irina, and Olesya Raguzhina. “The Genesis of Sculpture Parks in the Evolution of Landscape and Monumental-Decorative Arts Synthesis”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 9, no. 4 (2019): 698–716.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the sculpture parks as a large-scale, historically rooted, socially and
artistic phenomenon. The genesis of sculpture parks in the evolution of landscape and monumental-
decorative arts synthesis, along the lines of sculpture aggregates traditional dominance
in natural space, from antiquity to the middle of the 20th century is noted in the article.
Analyzing the realities of this dominance produced an understanding of artistic synthesis
dialectic as a synergistic interaction of components, on the basis of opposition. The
range of aesthetic and semantic dominated-opposition complex configurations of sculptures
to natural space forms is traced on the rise — in the gardens and parks of Roman antiquity,
Renaissance, Baroque, and French classicism; and in decline— in the Rococo, Mature Classicism and Romanticism parks, focused on imitation of original nature. Significant attention
is paid to sculpture layout in Russian gardens and parks, which entered into the mainstream
of European artistic synthesis from the 18th century, but preserved its dominant role due to
exposure and educational capacity. The contribution to the promotion of urbanization in the
second half of the 19th century is illustrated as well as how this resulted in a loss of aesthetics
for monumental-decorative art and the new urban landscapes, and how aesthetics became the
face of the urban subculture, institutionalized stylistic pluralism of social consensus, which
linked spatial and temporal arts. The general conceptualization of art, which influenced the
reassessment of the importance of modern sculpture on display in natural space, is analyzed in
the second half of the 19th century and first half of the 20th century. In doing so, the prospect
of not only artistic and social, but also conceptual and exhibitional distinguishing features of
sculpture parks is determined in terms of its further independent development.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 9; Issue 4

value: sculpture parks

value: synthesis of arts

value: landscape architecture

value: monumental-decorative art

value: public space

value: concepts

value: expositions

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Guseinova, Zivar M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Guseinova, Zivar. “N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov’s “Kashchey the Immortal”: From the Text of the Fairy Tale to the Text of the Opera”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 9, no. 4 (2019): 608–619.

dc.description.abstract

value:
“Kashchey the Immortal” (1902) became one of the most notable operas-tales of N. A. Rimsky-
Korsakov. This article is devoted to the history of the libretto text’s creation. It is associated
with E. M. Petrovsky who originally worked on the text and was an employee of the Russian
musical newspaper, journalist, and writer. Petrovsky proposed his own text, primarily in the
symbolic style, to the composer. Preserved musical and epistolary documents of Rimsky-Korsakov
show that while working on the opera, already having completed the music for two of
the three parts, the composer rejected Petrovsky’s text and wrote its own version, relying on
Russian folk tales, predominantly A. N. Afanasyev’s collection, and introduced literary and
musical corrections into the prepared text. The final version of Rimsky-Korsakov’s “literary
fairy tales” fit well into his modern field of work in this genre of famous writers at the turn
of the 19th and 20th centuries, although he was much inferior to them on an artistic level. In
addition, the particular design of the literary and musical texts allow one to speak of Rimsky-
Korsakov’s introduction of elements of the “antiskazka,” in particular the interpretation
of traditional images and typical situations. “Kashchey the Immortal” became the antithesis
of other operas by the composer, primarily “Snow Maiden” written earlier, and this did not
prevent the creation of composer from becoming persuasive, an innovative musical interpretation
of an opera’s literary idea.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov

value: Kashchey the Immortal

value: E. M. Petrovsky

value: opera

value: text

value: fairy tale

value: libretto

value: music

value: manuscript


dc.contributor.author

value: Sablin, Ivan D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sablin, Ivan. “From Ledoux to Le Corbusier… and Back. To the Historiography of Revolutionary Architecture”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 9, no. 4 (2019): 688–697.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses one of the most important aspects of the study of the architecture from
the Great French Revolution — its supposed connection with the main trends and representatives
of modernism (modern architecture of the 20th century). The once unconditionally
postulated influence, or at least the internal affinity of the radical currents of the late 18th
and early 20th centuries, in fact, turns out to be a series of random coincidences where any
rigidly established relationship is fraught with violence over historical reality. It may make
sense to try to revise some of the approaches adopted, finding unexpected similarity where it
was least of all expected to be found. For example, using modern language, in the framework
of both postmodern and anti-modern, that is in the architecture of the notorious totalitarian
regimes. Clearly, the legacy of visionary projects from the time of the French Revolution
could be claimed by various trends and creative groups throughout the 20th century. Perhaps
the correct conclusion should be that the architecture of a certain period belongs only to its
own era and no other. This can be well illustrated by the various disputes over the past century
around the heritage of architecture from the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. Starting from
the (arbitrarily chosen) name of one of the first studies of architecture at the second half of the
18th century, the book by the Austrian art historian E. Kaufmann, the author shows how the
attitude to the so-called revolutionary architecture as well as to the notion of its importance
for the present and the future of the culture of the West changed throughout this century.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 9; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Revolutionary architecture

value: modern art

value: C.-N. Ledoux

value: E. Kaufmann

value: France

value: Le Corbusier


dc.contributor.author

value: Medvedev, V. G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Medvedev V. G. ‘The Law Enforcement System and Repressive Penal Measures of White Russia during Civil War’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 9, no. 3, 2019, pp. 556–579.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the complex research on the law enforcement system and penal repressive activity
in the state structures of “White” Russia during the Civil War. The relevance of such a study is due to the dearth of research into historical and legal science, and this article sheds some light on aspects of the history of the
national state and law bypassed by scholars for this historical period. The judicial-investigative and prosecutorial
authorities, police, and police structures did not cope well with their duties. The reasons for this were low monetary
allowances for judges, judicial investigators and prosecutors, employees of state guards, and policemen
in the conditions of galloping inflation; the severity and danger of their official activities in conditions of rapid
criminalization of public relations; and the impossibility of proper material support for law enforcement agencies.
This led to an acute personnel problem. In addition, in the context of political regimes of military dictatorships, the
power-management system was militarized, and law enforcement agencies became, in essence, an appendage
of the army, which made their work ineffective. The effectiveness of policing was also hampered by a wide range
of functional responsibilities assigned to these structures, which resulted in them failing to meet responsibilities.
This forced central and local authorities to turn to army units that carried out “white terror,” as their actions were
characterized by brutality, arbitrariness, and lawlessness.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 9; Issue 3

dc.subject

value: сourt

value: prosecutor's office

value: police

value: army

value: government

value: prisons

value: Civil War

value: Russia

value: whites

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Leonov, Gennady A.

value: Florynskii, Aleksandr A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Leonov G.A., Florynskii A.A. On estimationes of generalized Hausdorff dimension. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 534–543.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The definition of an abstract homogeneous dimensional space with finite index of compactness
is given, as well as the definition of Hausdorff Besicovitch dimensional spectrum of
such a space. The possible values of the last one are studied. Also some abstract version of
Duady  Oesterle theorem is given.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 6 (64); Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Hausdorff- Besicovitch dimensional spectrum


dc.contributor.author

value: Burkin, Igor M.

value: Kuznetsova, Oksana I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Burkin I.M., Kuznetsova O. I. Generating extremely multistable systems based on Lurie form systems. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 555–563.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Chaotic signals and systems are widely used in image encryption, secure communications,
weak signal detection and radar systems. In recent years, many researchers have focused on
the design of systems that have an infinite number of coexisting chaotic attractors. In this article, we propose some approaches to generating self-reproducing systems with an infinite
number of coexisting self-excited or hidden chaotic attractors with the same Lyapunov exponents,
based on mathematical models of systems in Lurie form. The proposed approach
makes it possible to generate extremely multistable systems, using numerous well-known
examples of the existence of chaotic attractors in systems in Lurie form and without resorting
to exhaustive computer search. Illustrating the methods proposed in the paper, we
construct, in particular, extremely multistable systems with a 1-D and 2-D grid of hidden
chaotic attractors using the generalized Chua system, in which the hidden attractors were
first discovered by G. А. Leonov and N. V. Kuznetsov.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 6 (64); Issue 4

value: dynamic system

value: chaos

value: coexisting chaotic attractors

value: Lyapunov exponents

value: Kaplan -Yorke dimension


dc.contributor.author

value: Vasilyev, Ilia A.

value: Diveeva, Nelli I.

value: Dmitrikova, Ekaterina A.

value: Olennikov, Sergei M.

value: Sheveleva, Natalya A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasilyev, Ilia A., Diveeva, Nelli I., Dmitrikova, Ekaterina A., Olennikov, Sergei M., Sheveleva, Natalya A. 2019. “Budget financing of educational mechanisms for the process of digitalization of the economy”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 655–672.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the study of the mechanism for subsidizing activities outlined by the
national projects “Digital Economy” and “Education.” The current budget legislation allows
for the possibility of subsidizing legal entities involved in the implementation of national projects
in various forms, depending on the legal categorization of the recipient of the subsidy.
Achieving the goals of national projects, aimed at creating new information products, requires
the selection of adequate fiscal instruments. Training specialists for a transforming economy
is an essential component of the content of national projects. The article suggests that while
maintaining the existing system of financing educational institutions, there is hardly any basis
for the expectance of quick results in the appearance of specialists who are ready to work in
the digital economy. Under certain conditions, grant methods of subsidizing may turn out to
be the most acceptable ways for financing activities of national projects. The authors examined
the types of subsidies provided for in Articles 78 and 78.1 of the Budget Code of the Russian
Federation, and the options for grants through the prism of their use in the interests of training
personnel to ensure the digitalization of the Russian economy. As a result, the following
main conclusions were made. Firstly, subsidies are not able to provide progress towards the
digital economy. Secondly, the supervising bodies, the judicial authorities have difficulties in
assessing evidence of compliance, non-compliance with the conditions. When financing activities
of national projects, the current situation does not contribute to the accelerated development
in the field of training specialists for the digital economy. Thirdly, for the grant
form of financing the activities of national projects, an adequate control mechanism based on
performance evaluation should be created.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research according to the research project
no. 19-011-00687 “Influencing of the IT in the Higher Education on Relevant Economical Processes in
Modern Russia”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law;Volume 10; Issue 4

value: national projects

value: the main manager of budget funds

value: subsidies to commercial organizations

value: subsidies for the performance of state tasks

value: subsidies “for other purposes”

value: grants in the form of subsidies

value: venture fund

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Manukyan, Victoria R.

value: Murtazina, Inna R.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Manukyan V. R., Murtazina I. R. Self-change: psychological status and measurement possibilities. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2019, vol. 9, issue 4, pp. 331–345.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is devoted to the theoretical understanding of the concept of “self-change” in psychology. The review of empirical studies of the problem of voluntary personal changes (self-changes) revealed that traditionally the problem of self-changes was studied within the framework of clinical and applied areas of psychology, as a rule, in the context of dealing with various types of addictions and personal changes in psychotherapy. It was discovered that currently the problem of self-changes of personality has spread from the field of clinical research to the spheres of personality psychology, developmental psychology and social psychology, where the dominant idea is that personal changes are not the result of specific life events or changes in social roles, but occur due to the activity of the personality. The analysis of definitions for the concepts “self-development”, “self-regulation”, “self-determination”, and “personal growth initiative” was carried out and the relationship of the presented categories with the concept “self-change” was considered. It was shown, that the status of the concept “self-change” is not defined today; it is closely related to the understanding of other self-processes, but is not identical to them. In the final part of this article, the authors analyze and describe the main methodological approaches to studying self-changes. It was noted, that approaches to the study of personality self-changes vary widely from the analysis of questionnaires and self-reports, specific for each problem in clinical areas of psychology, to the analysis of in-depth interviews and narratives in phenomenological studies. The article presents approaches related to the study of the goals of personal change (N. Hudson, B. Roberts), one’s desire for change (D. A. Leontiev, D. V. Sapronov), the study of self-changes as part of the process of self-development (M. A. Shchukina), and personal growth (C. Robitschek).

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by the RFBR grant, project № 18-013-00703.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 9; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: development

value: change

value: self-development

value: self-change

value: self-processes

value: self-regulation

value: self-determination

value: personality


dc.contributor.author

value: Sosnitskii, Dmitrii A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sosnitskii D. A. Anniversaries of Pre-Petrine Rus’ in Imperial Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2019, vol. 64, iss. 4, pp. 1226–1239.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines characteristics of celebrating anniversaries of important events of the
national history of pre-Petrine period in Russia in the 19th — early 20th centuries. The author
analyzes features of the celebrations in Novgorod in 1862 on the occasion of the 1000th
anniversary of Russia; the 900th anniversary of the Christianization of Rus’ in Kiev and other
cities of the Russian Empire in 1888; the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty in 1913. In
addition, the article discusses the details of the celebration of the 300th anniversary of annexing
Siberia to Russia; anniversaries of the founding of such cities as Moscow, Omsk, Samara,
Stary Oskol, Tobolsk. The paper also evaluates the role assigned to the heroes and events of
the Russian medieval history (Rurik, the Christianization of Rus’, Vladimir The Great, Mikhail
Fedorovich, Alexei Mikhailovich, etc.), in the framework of celebrations. The author comes to
the conclusion that acting tsars (Alexander II, Alexander III, Nicholas II) pursued quite specific
goals participating in such celebrations. The main aim of such events was to demonstrate
the engagement of authorities withpeople, to show continuity of power (from Rurikids to the
Romanovs) and prevailing social harmony in Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that
the epoch of the Russian middle ages played a significant role in the commemorative practices
of the Russian state and society of the 19th — early 20th centuries, which in turn was a manifestation
of not only the state but also social order.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by Grant Council of the President of the Russian Federation, project МК-
1245.2018.6 “Russian middle ages in the mass consciousness of the Russian society of modern and contemporary
times (19th — beginning of 21st centuries)”, head of the project D. A. Sosnitsky.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: historical memory

value: memory studies

value: historical consciousness

value: historical anniversaries

value: commemorations

value: 1000th anniversary of Russia

value: 900th anniversary of the Christianization of the Kievan Rus’

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Golbraich, Vladimir B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Golbraich V. B. Social media in local environmental conflicts. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2019, vol. 12, issue 4, pp. 368–384.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Social networks have become an everyday phenomenon, performing the functions of interpersonal
communication, entertainment, education, and news consumption. In this regard,
social media is becoming an essential factor in political and public life, as well as one of the
most important resources for social movements. This study focuses on how initiative groups
in modern Russia (based on the example of the social network VKontakte) use social media
during local environmental conflicts (to attract citizens to problematic situations and mobilize
them). The study used a content analysis of virtual groups created in connection with local
environmental conflicts, and a survey was conducted of the most active members of virtual
groups and their leaders. The study identified the main functions performed by virtual groups
(information, mobilization, etc.); the use of various resources groups (visual, etc.); use of various
information sources (traditional media; social media, etc.). The digital participation of
virtual groups’ members was analyzed, as well as the traditional political participation of the
most active group members. The study illustrated the active use of groups for mobilization.
At the same time, the analysis revealed low digital participation of social media users. Also,
the results of the analysis showed that the majority of respondents, which could be attributed
to the most active of the group members, also took part in traditional forms (rallies, pickets,
public hearings, etc.). The study demonstrated that most group leaders believed that virtual
groups contributed significantly to the mobilization of potential supporters during a conflict.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was conducted as part of research on the state assignment on the topic “Socio-cultural
changes and the structuring of power relations in modern Russia” (AAAA-A17-117030110144-3, No. 0169-
2015-0005).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 12; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: social media

value: local environmental conflicts

value: mobilization


dc.contributor.author

value: Jiang, Siyuan

value: Gan, Zhongyang

dc.identifier.citation

value: Jiang Siyuan, Gan Zhongyang. 2019. “Analysis of judicial cooperation in practical terms between the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of Uzbekistan”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 722–732.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Cooperation in legal services between countries is an important guarantee for cooperation in
other fields. Since the “one belt and one way” strategy was put forward, China and Uzbekistan
have strengthened cooperation in the field of politics, economy and trade, humanities and
other fields, but cooperation in legal services remains at a preliminary stage. Strengthening
cooperation in legal services between the two countries is an inevitable requirement to further
expand economic and trade cooperation between the two countries. It is also a major boost to
enhance the functions of the SCO and promote the establishment of the SCO Legal Services
Committee. At present, the cooperation of legal services between the two countries is primarily
involved with two problems: one is that the legal level of the two countries is different,
which makes it difficult to achieve mutual recognition; the other is that there are language and
cultural barriers between the two countries, and there is a lack of qualified specialists-lawyers who can understand the laws and languages of the two countries. In this regard, the two countries
should strengthen the theoretical study of investment laws and regulations, improve the
instruments to resolve disputes on the basis of the original investment protection agreements,
jointly train specialists with both language and law skills, and strive to create a complete legal
service system including a legal center for the protection of legitimate rights and interests of
foreign-funded enterprises, a database of investment laws and regulations, legal service technical
support and legal service personnel training.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research is based on the fund project of the national research project No. 13SFB5039 “Rule of
Law and Law of the Ministry of Justice in 2015”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law;Volume 10; Issue 4

value: China — Uzbekistan

value: cooperation in the legal sphere

value: legal service system


dc.contributor.author

value: Ababkov, Valentin A.

value: Burina, Ekaterina A.

value: Pasaratskas, Elena A.

value: Kapranova, Sophia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ababkov V. A., Burina E. A., Pazaratskas E. A., Kapranova S. V. Distress at women: before and after pregnancy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2019, vol. 9, issue 4, pp. 401–410.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article reveals the specifics of distress of women in the dynamic for during pregnancy and after childbirth. The study analyzes and describes the data collected for 86 women. Methods based on the transactional theory of stress were used to accomplish scientific tasks. The hypothesis was supported that pregnancy for modern women is accompanied by lasting distress. Not only personal, but also environmental (family) factors are involved in creating distress. The results of measurement demonstrate a statistically significantly higher level of distress in contrast to the period after childbirth. Statistically significant changes for all coping-strategies, with the exception of the strategy “self-control which remains at the level initially measured,” were demonstrated. Correlation analysis showed that the level of perceived stress had high significant correlations (besides scale “phobias”) with every scale of the symptom questionnaire. Perceived stress was also connected with such a coping-strategy as “avoidance” and with the personal trait “emotional stability,” but there was a reverse (negative) correlation. The significant results obtained should be considered, especially in regards to the psychological accompaniment of pregnant women.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study is supported by the RFBR grant № 19-013-00417a.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 9; Issue 4

value: pregnancy

value: distress

value: personality traits

value: symptoms

value: perceived stress

value: coping-strategies

value: type of relation to pregnancy

value: dynamics of psychological data

dc.type

value: Article


title: Preface

dc.contributor.author

value: Grishina, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Preface. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2019, vol. 9, issue 4, pp. 338–330.

dc.description.abstract

value: Preface

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University


dc.contributor.author

value: Kramer, Urs

value: Mitskevich, Ludmila A.

value: Vasilyeva, Anna F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kramer, Urs, Mitskevich, Ludmila A., Vasilyeva, Anna F. 2019. “Electronic forms in the administrative procedure of Russia and Germany”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 756– 780.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the application of electronic forms in Russian and German administrative
procedure. The purpose of the research is to conduct an assessment of the current state of
administrative procedure legislation in the view of digital data transmission usage considering
three forms of the administrative process: the administrative procedures, proceedings
on administrative offences and administrative trial proceedings. This study was conducted
with the use of comparative legal research that allowed us to see the general tendencies of
digitalisation of administrative procedure within two legal systems and to obtain a qualitative
evaluation oft he application of digital technologies in Russian administrative procedure.
The study discovered an inequality of digitalisation processes in various types of proceedings
as well as within each of them. In particular, digital data transmission is widely used in administrative
trial proceedings, whereas proceedings on administrative offences use them the
least. The digitization of administrative procedures is particularly complicated to evaluate in
general due its extraordinary diversity and the absence of codification for legislation regarding
administrative procedures. Hence, provisions for state and municipal services provided were
subject to digitalisation most effectively while other administrative procedures (control and
oversight activities, licensing etc.) are still awaiting their turn. The analysis of application of
digital technologies in administrative procedure illustrates a shift in law-enforcement activity:
the automatization of power decision-making processes replaces humans exercising an expression
of will by machinery (artificial intelligence) and results in a competition between the
technologization of public administration and adherence to the rule of law. Thus, the social
nature of public administration inevitably entails the question of limits for the complete digitalisation
of the management process in relation to those types of administrative procedure
which concern human rights, freedoms and legitimate interests.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law;Volume 10; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: electronic administrative procedures

value: automatized administrative ruling

value: limits of public administration automatization

value: electronic public services

value: electronic administrative proceedings


dc.contributor.author

value: Veraksa, Nikolay E.

value: Sviridova, Ekaterina V.

value: Turebaev, Dastan A.

value: Fominykh, Anna Ya.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Veraksa N. E., Sviridova E. V., Turebaev D. A., Fominyh A. Ya. Scale for assessing the support of dialectic thinking of children in the educational environment of a preschool institution. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2019, vol. 9, issue 4, pp. 374–389.

dc.description.abstract

value: This work tests the hypothesis concerning the connection between the dialectical thinking of preschool children and the educational environment of the preschool attended by children. The relevance of the study is due to the steady interest of specialists in the problem of the development of dialectical thinking as an instrument for solving complex theoretical and practical problems (Vygotsky L. S., Arlin P. K., Basseches M., Piaget J., Riegel K. F.). Testing the hypothesis was based on a comparison of the results of measuring the development of dialectical thinking of preschoolers and an assessment that reflects the stimulation of the dialectic thinking of children by the preschool institution’s environment. The dialectical thinking of children is seen as the ability to operate with opposites. Measurement of the level of development of preschoolers’ dialectical thinking was based on the use of three methods: “What happens simultaneously,” “Cycles,” and the “Unusual tree”. To assess the support of dialectical thinking in the educational process of a preschool, a special Scale of Support for Dialectical Thinking (SDT) was developed. As indicators of the scale the following indexes were used: presentation of the opposites in statements when analyzing objects in the classroom; search for propositions containing a contradiction; discussion of the processes of change; development and transformation of objects; consideration of cyclical events; the possibility of changing the subject environment by children. The study involved 152 children, 6 year olds, from 18 groups of preschool educational institutions; 82 boys and 70 girls. The research results indicate that in the educational process of the examined preschool institutions, a connection was found between the development of children’s dialectical thinking and the organization of the educational process in the preschool, which confirms the hypothesis postulated. Although cyclical processes are considered by teachers, dialectical structures in these processes are not analyzed. Children's ideas about cyclic processes are fragmented and do not adequately reflect the development process. Gender differences were found: the dialectical thinking of boys is supported to a greater extent than the thinking of girls in the framework of a preschool, which is likely associated with differences in the content of activity in free time for boys and girls. The results on the SDT scale were compared with the results of the scale Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS-R): the difference of scope of these instruments was illustrated. Given the relevance of supporting dialectical thinking as a tool for understanding development processes, the results indicate the promise of employing the techniques used and the SDT scale.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 9; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: dialectical thinking

value: education environment

value: preschool age

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sikevich, Zinaida V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sikevich Z. V. The experience of applying the procedure of “unfinished sentences” to sociological research. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2019, vol. 12, issue 4, pp. 317–328.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes author's experience of applying the socio-psychological procedure of
“unfinished sentences” in sociological research. This procedure complements the traditional
quantitative and nominal scales. Thus, it acts as a monitoring mechanism. In addition, “unfinished
sentences” provide an opportunity to touch upon the respondent’s unconscious reflection.
The article describes the sets of tested sentences for the study of gender stereotypes,
ethno-cultural stereotypes in family life and social distance in interethnic relations. As an
example of interpretation and documenting the results of employing the procedure, the article
includes a description of the research data on youth ethnic identity of Russian nationality (2019). In the course of the recent study, we found gender heteronomy in ethnic identity and
ethnic tolerance. In men, ethnocentrism is included in the content structure of ethnicity more
often than in women. This attitude is manifested in the following statements: 1) the concept of
“patriotism” includes ethnic, not national content 2) the list of Russian identity characteristics
is dominated by natural-spatial and sovereign attribution, while culture occupies a much less
important position. Male respondents have a higher level of anti-Islamic phobia. This is manifested
mainly in the negative attitude to marriage with a Muslim, as well as to the construction
of a mosque in the respondent's hometown. The author substantiates the preference of this
procedure in comparison with traditional scales. It provides control in regards to closed questions;
its measure is not only reflexive, but also unconscious level of reaction and assessment to
the phenomena of the surrounding reality and Thus, series of unfinished sentences really, and
relevance for the usage of a series of unfinished sentences while surveying specific population
groups (such as teenagers). In the conclusion, detailed recommendations are provided for the
use of “unfinished sentences” as the instrumentation of sociological research. The article can
be useful for both practicing sociologists and students, studying at the faculty of sociology.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article was prepared by the RFBR. Grant № 19-011-0021.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 12; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Introspection

value: ethnic stereotype

value: social distance

value: interethnic relations

value: ethnic identity

value: content analysis


title: Russian legal tradition

dc.contributor.author

value: Kozlikhin, Igor Yu.

value: Pugachev, Valerii V.

value: Zayachkovskii, Oleg A.

value: Szpoper, Dariusz

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kozlikhin, Igor Yu., Pugachev, Valerii V., Zayachkovskii, Oleg A., Szpoper, Dariusz. 2019. “Russian legal tradition”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 815–826.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of this article is to discuss the traditional attitudes towards law which have been
dominant in Russian society at different periods of its history. The article demonstrates the
sources and causes of paternalism reinforcing the casual link between legality and obedience
in the minds and practices of the Russian political authorities. Special attention is paid to the
views on private property which took hold among the key Russian political thinkers of the late
nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries, such as V. S. Solovyov and V. V. Rozanov, and the
related state of the limited development of the Russian civil society in the late imperial era and
throughout the Soviet period. In relation to this, an assumption is made that the attitude of the
Bolsheviks to law and state was a crude form of continuing this contiguous tradition. In order
to support these theses, a comparative analysis of the views of L. D. Trotsky and E. B. Khokhlov
on the organization of labor during the first years of the Soviet regime is provided. The
authors argue that the emergence of the early Soviet doctrine of the militarization of labor
and the concomitant bureaucratic system of labor management was due to the authorities’
desire to centralize the distribution of factory production under the planned economy and
the substantial public ownership of industry. A gradual change of social consciousness and
practices during the recent decade — a trend that could not avoid affecting the current state of
Russian legal studies and political thought — is thoroughly emphasized.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law;Volume 10; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: law

value: state

value: paternalism

value: property

value: morals

value: labor

value: contract

value: coercion

value: freedom

dc.title

value: Russian legal tradition


dc.contributor.author

value: Marusin, Igor S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Marusin, Igor S. 2019. “Bringing the former president of Chad H. Habré to justice and the Extraordinary African Chambers”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 691–698.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Hissène Habré seized power in Chad as a result of long civil war in 1982 and organized largescale
repressions of his political enemies during his rule. In 1990, he was deposed by a military
coup and fled to Senegal, where he got asylum. This paper discusses the institutional aspects
of the legal prosecution of H. Habré, which began in 2003 when proceedings against him were
instituted in Belgium, and analyzes the Judgment of the UN International Court of Justice
in the case of Belgium v. Senegal of 2012. Much attention is paid to the special international
court — the Extraordinary African Chambers in the Senegalese legal system that were established
by the Agreement between the African Union and Senegal in 2012 to investigate
international crimes committed on the territory of Chad from 1982 to 1990. This paper analyzes
the structure of the Extraordinary African Chambers and their jurisdiction. In 2016, the
Extraordinary African Chambers sentenced H. Habré to life imprisonment, and this verdict
came into force in 2017. According to the author’s opinion, the trial of H. Habré has important
political and juridical meaning. A politician, who had come to power with the help of the
United States and other Western countries and who had been their strong ally during his rule,
protecting their interests in Central Africa, was brought to justice.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: international criminal law

value: international courts

value: international crimes

value: United Nations International Court of Justice

value: African Union

value: responsibility of heads of state

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kiselev, Nikolai A.

value: Ryabinin, Anatoly N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kiselev N.A., Ryabinin A.N. Rotational oscillations of the cylinder with stabilizer in the gas flow. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2019, vol. 6 (64), issue 4, pp. 672–679.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A mathematical model for describing the rotational oscillations of a cylinder with a stabilizer
in the air flow is considered. The equation of motion of a cylinder with a stabilizer
contains moments of aerodynamic forces and suspension resistance. The Krylov - Bogolyubov method transforms the equation to a system of two ordinary differential equations
for a slowly varying amplitude of oscillations and a phase. Solutions are found that
correspond to steady-state oscillations with a constant amplitude. The model predicts that
the dependence of the square of the oscillation amplitude is a linear function of the reverse
velocity of the air flow. The Strouhal number of cylinder oscillations is a linear function of
the square of the amplitude and, therefore, the dependence of the Strouhal number on the
inverse velocity is also linear. In the wind tunnel, experiments were conducted that tested
the model predictions. A comparison of the predictions of the mathematical model with
the results of experiments conducted in a wind tunnel was made. In experiments with an
oscillating cylinder, a laser pointer was attached to the aft part of the cylinder, the beam of
which crossed the surface of the photodiode as the cylinder rotated. The photodiode signal
was recorded by a Velleman PCS500A PC oscilloscope connected to a personal computer.
Decoding the signal allowed us to determine the period and amplitude of oscillations. Experiments
confirmed the predictions of the mathematical model.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 6 (64); Issue 4

dc.subject

value: wind tunnel

value: bluff body

value: unsteady forces

value: oscillations

value: mathematical simulation


dc.contributor.author

value: Zenkin, Konstantin V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zenkin, Konstantin. “ ‘Self-Expanding Information’ as an Intrinsic Property of Musical and Artistic Work”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 9, no. 4 (2019): 620–636.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is aimed at better understanding the essence of art, and primarily, music, — applying
the set of concepts developed by the most prominent Russian humanities scholars:
Y. M. Lotman, A. F. Losev, M. M. Bakhtin and A. V. Mikhaylov. The concept of “self-expanding
information” introduced by Lotman is examined in this article in a broader context. The author
illustrates that it is a feature not only of canonical art, as asserted by Lotman, but an inherent
characteristic of Art at large, and, first and foremost, of music. The article also demonstrates
why the essence of music as an expression of numerical development in time (Losev)
and the fixation of meaning in itself (Mikhaylov) necessarily require an informational process
in exactly such a form. The essence of music understood in such a way is presented as truly
artistic in various forms of art (literature, visual arts, cinema, etc.), which in contrast to music
also contains extra-artistic information (concerning events, facts, people, etc.) that may be
conventionally separated from artistic information per se. Artistic (musical) is understood as a program to influence personality for the purpose of organizing (transforming) this personality
in a certain direction. The incentive to reach such a goal is to express deep underlying
subconscious perceptions of a human being in the world, to understand the human’s place
in the Universe and Eternity through the formation of numerical (musical and quasi-musical)
structures having no other value except their functions in an artistic message as a whole.
Finally, the article shows that the way to increase the information received from an artistic
message is the dialogue (the key concept used by Bakhtin) of the artistic text’s recipient with
the text itself.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 9; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: self-expanding information

value: music

value: art

value: becoming

value: chronotope

value: dialogue

value: Yuri Lotman

value: Alexei Losev

value: Alexander Mikhaylov

value: Mikhail Bakhtin


dc.contributor.author

value: Lavrova, Svetlana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lavrova, Svetlana. “Lucho Fontana’s ‘Specialist Manifesto’ and Salvatore Sciarrino’s Concept of Sound Space”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 9, no. 4 (2019): 637–654.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the relationship between the ideas of spatial organization in
contemporary art and music. The spatial category is fundamental in the development of
creative strategies for artists, belonging not only to the types of art that were traditionally
considered spatial, but also to those that belonged to the field of temporary arts, such as music.
The artist in this case is understood not in the context of belonging to the visual arts, but in a
broader sense. Art, representing various projections of physical space into art, allows for work
with both spatial and temporal characteristics. In the process of analyzing spatial concepts,
the author refers to the paintings of the Italian artist Alberto Burri, as well as to the “White
Manifesto” and the works of the Italian artist Lucho Fontana. The creative concept of the
Italian composer Salvatore Sciarrino is based primarily on the spatial perception of sound and
a special composer strategy for the preliminary construction of a graphic equivalent of sound
space. In his book “The Figures of Music: From Beethoven to the Present,” the composer turns
to the works of the artists mentioned above and considers his spatial ideas as the projection
of their paintings in music. Analyzing the works of Sciarrino, such as “Studi per l’intonazione
del mare,” “Infinito nero,” sonatas for piano, theoretical works, such as “Le figure della musica:
da Beethoven a oggi” and “Carte da suono scritti,” the author comes to a conclusion regarding
the generality of ideas of Italian artists and composer.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: White Manifesto

value: Lucho Fontana

value: Salvatore Sсiarrino

value: Alberto Burri

value: new music

value: spatial music

value: space organization

value: sound space

value: sound cards

value: Sсiarrino’s naturalistic conception

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Klukanova, Olga V.

value: Pivovarova, Nadezhda V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Klukanova, Olga, and Nadezhda Pivovarova. “The Carved Triptych of Tsar Fyodor Alexeyevich of the Year 1680 from the State Russian Museum”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 9, no. 4 (2019): 671–687.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents the results of studying dated objects of applied art. The subject of the
research is the wooden triptych produced during the short reign of tsar Fyodor Alexeyevich
(1676–1682). The carved legend of the triptych has been lost. From the inventory description,
the lost text included a date in the Julian calendar. The incorrect conversion of the date resulted
in it being mistakenly dated “the eighth of November of the year 1681”. A recalculation of
the date allowed the authors of the article to clarify its date of completion as November 8th of
the year 1680. The article analyses the iconographic program of the triptych including the images
of the saints patrons of the tsar Fyodor Alexeyevich, his father Aleksey Mikhailovich and
his wife Agaphia Semionovna. The authors also examine the specifics of the carving technique
and ornamental design. Two carved triptychs and a carved icon completed by Ukrainian masters
from the collections of the Museums of the Moscow Kremlin are used for comparative
analysis. In contrast to the objects of the Moscow Museums, the triptych from the State Russian
Museum was made from five types of wood (cypress, linden, pine, oak, elm). The specifics
of its design and historical circumstances allow the authors to conclude that Ukrainian carvers
produced the triptych in the Moscow Armory workshops. Tsar Fyodor Alexeyevich’s marriage
served as the reason for the triptych’s creation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научно-исследовательского проекта № 18-012-00808 «Подписные и датированные произведения древнерусского прикладного искусства в собрании Русского музея. Аннотированный свод памятников».

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 9; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: triptych

value: the year 1680

value: tsar Fyodor Alexeyevich

value: the Moscow Kremlin

value: Moscow Armoury workshops

value: State Russian Museum


dc.contributor.author

value: Isaeva, Valentina B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Isaeva V. B. Religious Conversion as a Criterion for the Efficiency of Management Strategies in Late Imperial Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2019, vol. 64, iss. 4, рр. 1257–1271.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article considers forms, methods and factors of religious conversion as the criteria for the
efficiency of the management strategies used by the tsarist authorities in late Imperial Russia.
Religious conversion is interpreted within the framework of the legal regulation system of religions
which was adopted in the 1830–1850s, and its empirical forms are identified. Religious
conversion is defined as a transition from the “foreign religions” to Orthodox Christianity and
a withdrawal from Orthodox Christianity to the “foreign religions”. Two forms of conversion
are revealed: orthodoxization and apostasy. In the research the following factors of religious
conversion are brought out: a) loyalty to the central government; b) cultural affinity of the
ethnic group to the Russians; c) methods of religious conversion. Five types of methods are
classified: 1) forced (the elimination of the church organization, repressions of believers and/
or clergy); 2) economic (material incentives); 3) educational (conversion through the native
language of the believers, the development of their culture); 4) recruitment (the use of special
social and communication strategies); 5) natural (population mixing, inter-ethnic marriages).
Based on the reports of the Chief Procurator of the Synod, data from the census of 1897, and
other sources the dynamics of religious conversion for 54 years (1860–1914) are analyzed, and
its examination by denominations by decades is done. The author concludes that religious
conversion indicates certain management strategies — forced integration, gradual acculturation,
or preservation of the status quo; their efficiency, existence or absence of the inter-ethnic
tensions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This article was prepared with the support of grant No. 15-18-00119 of the Russian Science Foundation.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 64; Issue 4

value: religious conversion

value: Russian Empire

value: methods of religious conversion

value: factors of religious conversion

value: forms of religious conversion

value: statistics of religious conversion


dc.contributor.author

value: Biryukova, Yu. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Biryukova Yu. A. ‘The Participation of the Clergy in Political Parties and Public Political Movements in the White South During the Civil War’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 9, no. 4, 2019, pp. 880–899.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article examines the participation of representatives of the Russian Orthodox Church in public
and political life in the White-controlled South. In particular, the motives and goals of church authorities’ interactions
with political forces, activities of supra-party organizations with a wide representation of the Orthodox clergy,
and the “church” aspects of their politics are examined. The significance attached by these organizations to union
with the Orthodox Church and its place in the socio-political life of the country is described. The characteristic
of the activity of the only Orthodox right-wing nationalist party “Brotherhood of the Holy Cross” and the identity
of its organizer, Archpriest Vladimir Vostokov, are noted as well as the attitude of church authorities, clergy and
the public to it. Put this way, the problem for the first time in historiography is subjected to a comprehensive study with a wide range of sources based on situation reports from the Fund of the Political office of the Chairperson of
the special Meeting of the Volunteer army, and documentation of the Temporary higher Church administration
and the periodicals of the South of Russia. Despite the wide participation of the clergy in political life, the organs
of ecclesiastical administration studiously avoided politicization of the Church that would draw it into the political
struggle. The Church saw its task only in national unity while preserving the balance of political forces under the
authority of the Commander-in-chief as representative of the legitimate government — an ally of the Church in
the face of Bolshevism.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 9; Issue 4

value: Russian Orthodox Church

value: clergy

value: Russian Civil War

value: right-wing political party

value: White Movement

value: Union of Russian National Communities

value: Council of State Unification of Russia

value: Brotherhood of the Holy Cross

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gizbulaev, Magomed A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gizbulaev M. A., Reports on Dagestan in the Arabic Historical Work: Tarikh ar-rusul wa al-muluk of at-Tabari. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2019, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 513–528.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper provides information on the 6th–8th centuries Dagestan history on the basis of
translation, commentary and comparative analysis of excerpts from the Arabic historical work
Tarikh ar-rusul wa al-muluk (History of the Prophets and Kings) of at-Tabari which contains
data related to the history of the peoples of North Caucasus. In his multi-volume work Abu
Ja’far at-Tabari (d.922) gives in detail a world history: describing events from the creation of
world and covering through it the history of ancient civilizations known to Muslims. For the
most part of the book at-Tabari relates the events in annual reports within the hijra space up
to 302/915. The historical work of at-Tabari served as a source for the most of his successors
who authored works on universal history in Muslim historiography. At-Tabari’s reports significantly
add to his predecessors’ data on the relationships between the Caliphate and polities
in the Eastern Caucasus, particularly, the important parts dedicated to Qabq (Caucasus), including
al-Bab (Darband), from the time of its conquest (in 40s of the 7th century). Moreover,
I compared reports on Dagestan from at-Tabari’s Tarikh ar-rusul and al-Balathuri’s Futuh albudan
in order to find out whether the origin of the material is the same for both authors. As a
result, only two passages were found that overlap. It should be noted that at-Tabari, in contrast
to al-Balathuri, relates the story and events taken in Caliphate in chronological order without
attempting to reconcile conflicting messages. The results of this research can further source
study in writing the medieval history of Eastern Caucasus.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 11; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: At-Tabari

value: al-Balathuri

value: medieval history of Dagestan

value: Tarikh ar-rusul wa al-muluk

value: Arabic historiography

value: source study

value: Caliphate

value: Caucasus


dc.contributor.author

value: Andreeva, Mariia V.

value: Zhang, Dongliang

dc.identifier.citation

value: Andreeva, M. V., Zhang D. (2019). The Influence of Climatic Factors on Tree-Ring Width of Siberian Larch in the Upper Basin of the Irtysh River. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 64 (4), 530–544.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper presents the results of assessing the influence of the main climatic factors on the
tree-ring width of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) growing in the upper basin of the Irtysh
River. Tree core sampling was carried out on the northern macroslopes of the Sarymsakty,
Tarbagatai and Southern Altai ranges in Kazakhstan, as well as on the southern macroslopes of
the Southern Altai ranges in Kazakhstan and China, from three sites on the upper tree line and
four on the lower tree line. According to the results of dendrochronological analysis, two generalized
tree-ring chronologies, IRTv and IRTn, were obtained, reflecting the variability of the
radial growth of Siberian larch in the region of study on the upper and lower tree lines, respectively.
On the upper tree line, the radial growth of Siberian larch is dependent on the thermal
regime of the beginning of the growing season (June–July). The analysis of tree-ring growth
dynamics showed that during 1850–1873, 1881–1900, 1906–1939, 1957–1965 and 1982–1990,
tree-ring growth at the upper tree line was characterized by lower values. Since 1850 there
has been a positive trend in the tree-ring growth variability, which indicates better thermal
conditions since the end of the Little Ice Age. The sufficiently strong climatic signal (r = 0.7)
makes it possible to use IRTv chronology for temperature reconstruction. On the lower tree
line the variability of radial tree-ring growth is determined by the dynamics of precipitation
in the winter-spring-summer period (December–July). The most important aspect of this is
moisturization during the completion of snowmelt and the beginning of the growing season
(May–June). Analysis of tree growth dynamics showed that over the past 150 years the moisture
regime has not changed significantly. The reduced values of tree-ring growth correspond
to 1850–1859, 1877–1907, 1916–1936, 1944–1951, 1962–1968 and 1973–1992.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, research project No 17-77-10041.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Earth Sciences;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: tree-ring growth

value: dendroclimatic analysis

value: Siberian larch

value: June–July air temperature

value: December–July precipitation

value: East Kazakhstan

value: upper basin of Irtysh River


dc.contributor.author

value: Dugarov, Bair S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dugarov B. S. Buryat Hesariad: Tengrist mythology and the epic interpretation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2019, vol. 35, issue 4, pp. 580–592.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In modern humanities, there is a heightened interest in the problems of religious mythology,
which determine the spiritual aspects of the ethnic and cultural traditions of peoples. As is
well known, many theological representations of antiquity are preserved in an epic interpretation,
as evidenced by the famous mythological poems of the Near East, India, Greece, etc.
Therefore, the study of the sacred world of the Buryat Hesariad, represented by the pantheon
of epic deities, seems relevant. With a general lack of knowledge of the religious-mythological
tradition of the Eastern steppe, a complex of Uranic deities of Buryat mythology is first interpreted
in close connection with the heavenly genesis of the epic hero. First of all, this article
explores the pantheon of deities in Buryat mythology associated with the cult of the sky. In
comparative terms, a description is given of the world of the gods, contained in the heavenly
prologue of the epos “Geser.” The author comes to the conclusion that in the epos of Geser,
the most “hereditary” features of the original epic tradition of Central (Inner) Asia, as well as
many elements of the ancient axiological fund of Mongolian peoples, remain. The article also
examines the aspects of the image of Khormusta and its transformation in the system of the
Buryat-Mongolian religious mythology and shamanist tradition.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 35; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Buryat mythology

value: epic

value: sacred tradition

value: Hesariad

value: Khormusta

value: the cult of the sky

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Poddubnaya, Nadezhda

value: Korotkova, Tatyana

value: Vanicheva, Polina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Poddubnaya, N., Korotkova, T., and Vanicheva, P. 2019. Increasing corvid tolerance to humans in urban ecosystems with increasing latitude. Bio. Comm. 64(4): 252–259.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The rapid growth of cities causes behaviour changes in birds in response to
urban environmental factors. The avian response to human disturbance has
recently been studied by a non-invasive research tool as an alert distance (AD)
and a flight initiation distance (FID) assessment. The tolerance of hooded crows
(n = 395), jackdaws (n = 394) and rooks (n = 169) to humans was assessed by AD
and FID. It was shown that the FID of all species is maximal during the summer,
when the parents send clear “danger — fly away” signals to the young and the
birds fly away. The AD and FID of the three species reliably correlates with the
season. Rooks showed FID species-specificity in seven cities of Eastern Europe.
Comparison of the attitude of birds to people in cities that have similarities in
human culture showed that tolerance increases with increasing latitude in all
species and is statistically significant only in the jackdaw. This should be taken
into account in environmental protection measures.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was partially
supported by the Cherepovets
State University.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Communications;Volume 64; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: animal behaviour

value: alert distance

value: flight initiation distance

value: Corvus cornix

value: Corvus monedula

value: Corvus frugilegus


dc.contributor.author

value: Kolesnikova, Daria A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kolesnikova D. A. The economy of attention in the age of mental capitalism. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2019, vol. 35, issue 4, pp. 563–568.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper explores the contemporary implementation of attention as a scarce resource, which
the economy, politics, and media culture must manage, distribute, and speculate. The purpose is
to analyse the commodification of human capacities of attention within the paradigm of media
philosophy. Conceptualisations such as “mental capitalism,” competition for “eyes,” and “clickthroughs”
were identified as particular instantiations of forms in social media, photography, and
art — from Instagram and Facebook to graffiti. I promote the view that visuality is an essential,
contradictory, and inherent feature of the mental capitalism and its economy of self-esteem. In
order to reframe a polemical account of the contemporary tendency of global capitalist technoculture,
I briefly characterize the critical perspectives on the attention economy by Jonathan
Beller and Bernard Stiegler. Finally, I emphasize the role of ecological and ethical responsibility
in interpersonal relations and structures of social practices in the situation of “fight for attention.”
The tasks of visual ecology in the age of mental capitalism are an elaboration of productive
criteria of visual pollution, organization of the new forms of community strategies and policies,
through attentive reflection of images and media milieu in which they develop, which are able to
reconcile the contradictions between the technical and the natural.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The article is written with the support from RFFR, project “Politics of media” (18-011-00414 А).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 35; Issue 4

value: economy of attention

value: mental capitalism

value: self-esteem

value: media philosophy

value: visual ecology

value: media consumption

value: social media

value: politics of media


dc.contributor.author

value: Troshina, T. I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Troshina T. I. ‘“The Blood of the Economy” in the Era of Bloodshed: Monetary Improvisation in the Arkhangelsk Province in 1914–1920’, Modern History of Russia, vol. 9, no. 4, 2019, pp. 830– 857.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Using the case of the Arkhangelsk province, this article explores one aspect of state-building during
the Russian Civil War, using the history of the circulation of money. The state financial system was destroyed
during the Revolution and was restored several times to ensure the functioning of various political regimes. The
Arkhangelsk Province, where power changed hands several times from 1917 to 1920, power changed hands reflects
processes common to the whole country and unique to the region. During the First World War, there was
a significant increase in the role of money in the daily life of the population. The border location of the province meant that in 1917, money was exported abroad by individuals through its territory. This led to a cash crisis in
the province. The authorities were forced to take a series of emergency measures, including issuing their own
money that was in use only in this province. During the Civil War, the monetary system was again restored under
the peculiar conditions of a quasi-state in a condition of military-political and financial-economic dependence on
foreign powers. This “history of money” is a background for events of a political, economic, and cultural nature
that demonstrates the particular significance of the money during crucial periods of history.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18-09-00237 “Global
changes in the local dimension: the population of the Northern province and the events of 1917–1918”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Modern History of Russia;Volume 9; Issue 4

value: money сirculation

value: money substitutes

value: Arkhangelsk province

value: World War I

value: Revolution

value: Civil War

value: regional financial policy

value: money

dc.type

value: Article