dc.contributor.author

value: Prikhodko, Dmitrii V.

value: Sherov-Ignatiev, Vladimir G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Prikhodko, D. V. and Sherov-Ignatiev, V. G. (2024) ‘Digital economy in Africa: Condition and problems of development’, St. Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 40 (1), pp. 3–35. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2024.101 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Today, much attention is paid to the development of the digital economy all over the world.
African countries are no exception, as they understand the importance of digital technologies
for the entire region. The purpose of this study is to identify the level and trends in the development
of the digital economy in Africa and to assess the relationship between the process
of digitalization and the economic development of the region. The main research methods
used were rating and statistical approaches, as well as correlation analysis to identify the relationship
between digitalization and economic growth. The hypothesis of the significance
of digitalization as a factor in the economic growth of African countries is being tested. The
results confirmed the hypothesis only partially. It was found that for most African states, such
a relationship exists and varies depending on the country from medium (Senegal, Cameroon,
Tunisia) to very strong (Morocco, Rwanda, Kenya). At the same time, there is a group of
countries, for which digitalization and economic growth are poorly interconnected. Ranking
African countries should be the basis for further research in order to determine the place of
digitalization in a number of factors of economic growth and development. The article identifies
key problems in the development of the digital economy on the continent, including limited
access to electricity, the low level of development of the Internet infrastructure, the gender
gap in the use of digital technologies, as well as the insufficient level of funding.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 40; Issue 1

value: Africa

value: digital economy

value: economic growth

value: digitalization

value: Internet


dc.contributor.author

value: Lee, Han-Sol

value: Chernikov, Sergey U.

value: Degtereva, Ekaterina A.

value: Zobov, Alexander M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lee, Han-Sol, Chernikov, S. U., Degtereva, E. A. and Zobov, A. M. (2024) ‘A study on brand competitiveness: A comparative analysis of European and Korean auto brands in the Russian automotive industry’, St. Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 40 (1), pp. 58–79. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2024.103

dc.description.abstract

value:
This study compares brand competitiveness of European and Korean auto brands in the Russian
automotive market based on cross-sectional datasets for 42 auto brands in Russia of the
year 2022. The econometric models (OLS, WLS, and Robust least squares) are constructed by
employing a theoretical frame of Porter’s diamond model. The results of the regression analysis
allowed us to get to the conclusion that product diversification, accessibility to dealers (or retail
shop) and active social media marketing are critical factors to promote auto sales in the Russian
market. Based on the comparison, we can draw two important conclusions. First, Korean auto
brands are ahead of the European auto brands in value chain management as they have a huge
pool of dealers and maximize contact with potential Russian customers. Secondly, the German
auto brands lead when it comes to product diversification and social media marketing. However,
Korean auto brands are not behind based on those criteria compared to the average European
auto brand, and take an above average-middling position. From the outstanding performance
of Korean auto brands in the Russian market especially, it seems that securing numerous retail
channels is particularly crucial. The results of this study are helpful for national and international
automotives companies to create business strategies in the Russian automotive industry.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Russian automotive industry

value: emerging market

value: competitive advantages

value: international business

value: factors of competition

value: Porter’s diamond model

value: brand analysis

value: cross-sectional analysis

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Borokh, Olga N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Borokh, O. N. (2024) ‘Nankai school: The experience of adapting economics to Chinese conditions in the 1920s–1930s’, St. Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 40 (1), pp. 127– 152. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2024.106 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Using the example of the activities of the Nankai Institute of Economics in the second quarter
of the twentieth century, the article analyses the problem of adapting Western economic theories
to the study of the Chinese economy. At the heart of the program of sinicization of economic
research and education proposed by the Nankai school was the work of collecting and
systematising reliable information on the Chinese economy. In the second half of the 1920s,
Nankai University became a leader in China in conducting socio-economic surveys, compiling
index numbers of prices, studying selected industries and rural regions. The founders of the Nankai school. He Lian and Fang Xianting were educated in economics in the United
States; up until the late 1940s, the Nankai Institute of Economics was highly dependent on
American grant support. This did not prevent them from setting the objectives of “knowing
China” and “serving China” by combining foreign theories and methods with an understanding
of the real economic situation based on reliable quantitative data. The task of “localization”
of economics stimulated writing of pioneering university textbooks that explained general
theoretical concepts through Chinese examples. Focus on solving China’s problems led
the economists to abandon copying ready-made foreign prescriptions. During the two decades
of activity in the Republican period the Nankai school made major achievements in collecting
factual material on Chinese economy and adapting courses, its legacy has become an
important starting point of the contemporary policy of sinicization of economics in the PRC.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 40; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Republican China

value: economics

value: He Lian

value: Fang Xianting

value: Nankai Institute of Economics

value: economic education

value: empirical studies

value: socio-economic surveys

value: economics textbooks


dc.contributor.author

value: Veredyuk, Olesya V.

value: Sychenko, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Veredyuk, O. V. and Sychenko, E. V. (2024) ‘Mechanisms for achieving decent wage in the Russian economy’, St. Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 40 (1), pp. 36–57. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2024.102 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the new rules for setting minimum wage, introduced in 2020 in Russia
in terms of how they contribute to achieving the decent wage in accordance with the current
norms of international and Russian labour law. Minimum wage, while remaining a popular
tool for regulating the wage floor, has undergone radical changes in 2020, which affected the
basis for its calculation, the level and the frequency of its revision, as well as data sources. The
completion of the first year cycles of the new rules for calculating the minimum wage and the
stress test of 2022–2023 make it possible to assess the practice of their implementation. We assess the observed and projected effects of the new minimum wage methodology in relation
to the norms of international documents (such as the Convention concerning the Minimum
Wage of the International Labor Organization, the European Social Charter, the International
Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as the Charter of Social Rights and
Guarantees of Citizens of Independent States). The article gives special attention to the milestones
in the development of legislative regulation of the minimum wage in modern Russia.
Basing on positive economic analysis, we conclude that the changes in the rules for calculating
the minimum wage have reduced its sensitivity to inflation and broken the link with the costs
necessary to maintain the reproduction of human capital of the employee and her household.
In this research, we have confirmed the hypothesis that the new rules for calculating the minimum
wage are poorly favorable to the implementation of decent work as one of the declared
national development goals of the country for the period up to 2030. We propose alternatives
to reform the minimum wage in the direction of promoting the growth of real incomes of
workers and members of their households. We stress the need to establish a stronger dialogue
between the state and other stakeholders when developing effective solutions to achieve decent
wages in terms of transformation of economy.

dc.subject

value: minimum wage

value: minimum wage setting

value: institutional framework

value: social policy priorities

value: labor law

value: decent wage

value: decent work


dc.contributor.author

value: Isupova, Ekaterina N.

value: Vart, Semen Yu.

value: Bekareva, Svetlana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Isupova, E. N., Vart, S. Yu. and Bekareva, S. V. (2024) ‘Does the availability of financial services affect the level of population well-being in the Russian Federation?’, St. Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 40 (1), pp. 102–126. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2024.105 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The development of financial markets is a prerequisite for the stable growth of the country’s
economy. The availability of financial services, provided that markets work effectively, can
lead to a noticeable reduction in inequality in society and a reduction in the level of poverty
in the economy. An increase in inequality is not necessarily accompanied by an increase in
the overall level of poverty. The reasons for the deteriorating financial situation of individual
citizens may be the lack of financial literacy and investment in human capital, which often
in practice leads to irrational financial decisions. In our study, we tried to empirically assess
how the indicator of the level of poverty and the availability of individual financial services
for Russian citizens are related in the aggregate sample, focusing on the theoretical explanation
of the indirect influence of the factor of availability of financial services on the overall
level of poverty in the Russian Federation at the micro level. We used the HSE RMEZ data
from 2010–2021 as a statistical database for more than 103 thousand household households.
We determined the status of a household based on a comparison of the actual income level
and the subsistence minimum established in a particular region. The resulting binary variable
eventually acted as a dependent. The regressors were the following indicators: education,
age, family status, the presence of children, the period of maternity leave, the health of
individuals, as well as factors of availability of financial services. Based on the application of the binary choice model, we came to the conclusion that large families, women on maternity
leave, the unemployed, individuals without higher education, as well as those living in rural
areas have a high probability of being among poor households. Based on empirical data, we
also determined that in the regions of the Russian Federation in the period under review,
the availability of bank cards or a deposit can reduce the likelihood of a household becoming
poor by an average of 3–5 %.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 40; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: availability of financial services

value: poverty

value: logistics model

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bozh’ya-Volya, Anastasia A.

value: Popova, Polina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bozh’ya-Volya, A. A. and Popova, P. A. (2024) ‘ESG factors of city-forming enterprises and the growth of single-industry towns in Russia’, St. Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 40 (1), pp. 80–101. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2024.104 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In research, the influence of city-forming enterprises on the single-industry town’s development
is considered from the perspective of ESG-parameters of their activities. In the development of the researches of previous authors, the article presents a conceptual model of the
influence of city-forming enterprise ESG-indicators on the socio-economic development of a
single-industry town, including three types of indicators. If the social aspects of the organization
activities are carried out at a city-forming enterprise, this contributes to increase the
attractiveness of the labor market in the city and expanding the human potential of the city
as a whole. When performing the G-component of organizing the city-forming enterprise
activities this contributes not only to attracting investors, but also expanding the practice of
co-production public goods in the city, due to the combined efforts of the city-forming enterprise,
local governments and external investors. In the article application of ESG-indicators in
non-financial reporting of large Russian city-forming enterprises. The authors found public
non-financial reports (with ESG-reporting) only in 45 % of Russian city-forming enterprises.
The non-financial reports of 30 city-forming enterprises from 19 regions of Russia were studied
more detailed. What indicator: economic, social or corporate are presented in them. The
authors concluded that the city-forming enterprises demonstrate mainly managerial indicators,
the dynamics of staff turnover and responsibility in waste management. Indicators of the
environmental, social and managerial components are not always presented in a sufficiently
diverse way but one group of indicators may be present, or such indicators are used that do not
reflect the initial value of ESG-monitoring. To overcome these imperfections, the article also
presents some recommendations for the development of this practice.

dc.subject

value: ESG-indicators

value: city-forming enterprise

value: socio-economic development

value: environmental

value: social and managerial indicators


dc.contributor.author

value: Tarasov, Alexander A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tarasov, Alexander A. 2024. “Correlation of translation and interpretation of legal terms in comparative legal studies of criminal proceedings”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 49–66. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.104 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Comparative legal methods have always been actively used in a significant part of scientific
research into the problems of criminal proceedings. Currently, comparative criminal procedure
has become especially in demand due to the need for constant international exchange
of legislative and law enforcement experience. Under these conditions, the requirements for
the quality of comparative studies themselves are increasing. Today in science it is customary
to use legislative sources exclusively in the original language, and in a comparative analysis
of the wording of legal regulations to compare not only their general legal meaning, but also
specific original terms in their contextual environment. A comprehensive legal and linguistic
analysis of legislative formulations from different national legal systems allows us to identify
new meanings in compared laws, evaluate the effectiveness of legal regulation of similar social relations in different states, and consciously borrow or reject foreign legislative experience.
Based on the analysis of comparative criminal procedural studies available in the domestic literature,
the author argues that identified inaccuracies in the translation and interpretation of
specific foreign language legislative terms often lead researchers to a distorted understanding
and reproduction of the meaning of foreign legislation, to erroneous conclusions and assessments
based on the results of its comparison with Russian legal provisions, to unproductive
attempts to “squeeze” legal phenomena familiar to Russian and Russian-speaking lawyers into
foreign legal frameworks. In this context, some problems of the theory and practice of the
Russian criminal process are considered: the participation of an expert and specialist in the
case, the witness immunity of a lawyer as a holder of professional secrets, the procedure for
his interrogation, the role of a lawyer and the bar in the administration of justice. Based on a
comparison of similar legal phenomena in different states of the continental European legal
family, directions for finding solutions to existing problems are proposed.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 1

value: criminal process

value: criminal proceedings

value: witness immunity

value: witness

value: expert

value: specialist

value: attorney-client privilege

value: lawyer

value: defense attorney

value: justice


dc.contributor.author

value: Krukovsky, Vladimir E.

value: Mosechkin, Ilya N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mosechkin, Ilya N., Vladimir E. Krukovsky. 2024. “Perjury: Problems of criminal law regulation of subjective signs, complicity and punishment established for a crime”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 67–86. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.105 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the study of directions for improving the norm governing criminal
liability for perjury. The relevance of the research topic is due to the stability of the indicators
of these acts, as well as the importance and diversity of social relations that suffer from their commission. The authors analyzed 230 court verdicts issued in connection with the commission
of an act under Art. 307 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The results of
the analysis were compared with the opinions of scientists and foreign experience of legal
counteraction to perjury. The study of sentences made it possible to identify the most common
motives for the crime, including selfish motives. The article substantiates the expediency
of including this feature in Part 2 of Art. 307 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation,
since it increases the social danger of a crime. In addition, the analysis of sentences made it
possible to identify 42 episodes (18,2 %) in which false testimony or conclusions of participants
in the process indirectly testified to the presence of collusion. Since many facts of perjury that
reinforce each other reduce the likelihood of their detection and increase the likelihood of
making an erroneous decision, it is proposed to consolidate the forms of complicity in Part 2
of Art. 307 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation as qualifying signs. The authors
also provide a justification for the fact that the sanctions established for giving false testimony
do not contribute to the effective protection of protected relations. The main drawback is the
lack of consistency with other norms. The article proposes to arrange among themselves the
sanctions provided for the commission of related crimes. The wording of the relevant article
has been formulated, which can be used as a recommendation for improving legislation.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: perjury

value: selfish motive

value: sanction

value: complicity

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Alexeeva, Tatiana M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alekseeva, Tatiana M. 2024. “Grounds and purposes of the investigative inspection in criminal proceedings”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 35–48. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.103 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of this article is to study the right to compensation for damage caused to a rehabilitated
person in connection with the principle of enforceability of a court decision that has
entered into legal force and the terms of review of judicial acts provided for by the Criminal
Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. The right to rehabilitation is considered in its
relation to the right to a legally established amount of compensation for the damage caused.
The author, with reference to the practice of higher judicial instances, substantiates that the principle of enforceability of court decisions on payments to persons affected by unlawful
criminal prosecution and conviction is the most important guarantee. In addition, the existence
of limits in the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation that limit in
time the possibility of reviewing final court decisions on payments under the rehabilitation
procedure should serve as one of the main ways to ensure this right. As a result of this study,
the author came to the following conclusions. An integral component of the right to rehabilitation
in the framework of the criminal procedure of the Russian Federation is the amount of
harm caused to the rehabilitated person — the material aspect of this right. At the same time,
the right to the declared amount of property damage and moral damage is not absolute, and
if there are reasonable doubts, it should be checked in court proceedings. When canceling or
changing court decisions that have entered into force, especially in exceptional proceedings,
strict adherence to the principle of legal certainty is required, an integral component of which
is the right to enforceability of a court decision on payments to rehabilitated persons and
compensation for damage to them. In the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation,
according to the author, it is necessary to establish a specific period during which the
court of cassation instance is authorized to make a decision if it worsens the situation of the
rehabilitated person.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: criminal proceedings

value: rehabilitation

value: harm’s amount

value: a court decision’s enforceability

value: reasonable time

value: cassation instance


title: Implicit administrative acts. Part two

dc.contributor.author

value: Andreev, Denis S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Andreev, Denis S. 2024. “Implicit administrative acts. Part two”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 105–118. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.107 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Based on the comparative legal method, the article analyzes the use of the construction of implicit
(fictitious) decisions in Russian and several European legal orders, when the inaction of
the public administration is equated with the adoption of an administrative act. The analysis
of legislation and judicial practice in the second part of article leads to the conclusion about
the active use of the principle of “silence is a sign of consent” in regulating the activities of public
administration in Russia. At the same time, the negative model of implicit administrative
acts (silent refusal) has not been developed in the Russian legal system. However, the doctrine
of implicit administrative acts in Russia remains largely underdeveloped, which negatively affects
the effectiveness of public administration and judicial protection of the rights of private
parties. In the second part of article the author considers the development and current state
of implicit (fictitious) decisions in Russia. The negative model of implicit administrative acts
(tacit refusal) are not develop because Russian law allows judicial appeal directly against the
inaction of public authorities. The analysis of legislation and judicial practice leads to the
conclusion about the active use of the principle of “silence is a sign of consent” in Russian
administrative law. This principle applies both in internal (within the public administration
system) and in external relations between public authorities and private entities. However, the
doctrine of implicit administrative acts in Russia remains largely underdeveloped, which negatively
affects the effectiveness of public administration and judicial protection of the rights
of private parties. This is clearly seen in the example of so-called belated decisions, when the
state administration makes a negative decision after the law has established that a favorable
administrative act has been issued. Russian courts do not recognize that such decisions annul
previously adopted implicit administrative acts.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: administrative silence

value: administrative inaction

value: public administration

value: implicit decision

value: fictitious decision

value: administrative act

value: administrative decision

value: silent refusal

value: silent consent

dc.title

value: Implicit administrative acts. Part two


dc.contributor.author

value: Koval’, Vladimir N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Koval’, Vladimir N. 2024. “The action of rights in rem on the relations of merchant shipping”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 119–135. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.108 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the legal nature and analyzes the relationship of property, obligation and
public law relations arising in the field of merchant shipping. The conclusion about the leading
role of civil law in the regulation of these relations is substantiated. At the same time, the
basis for the construction of both obligations and public marine legal relations are proprietary
relations and rights (“rights in rem”), that establish the affiliation of material objects which are
used for merchant shipping. Considering the inconsistency of the current real law regulation
with existing socio-economic needs, the author analyzes the content of the bills prepared in
the process of reforming civil legislation. In author’s opinion, these bills do not fully solve the
tasks of establishing in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation a closed list of rights in rem
(“numerus clausus”) and proper regulation of possession. In particular, the unresolved problems
of regulating proprietary rights on natural resources, the controversial approach of the
legislator and the authors of the reform to determining the legal status of a sea vessel are noted.
The author of the article substantiates that such an obligation may arise not only from the
owner, but also in cases where a person owns a material object on other titles (bareboat charter, possession of cargo, etc.). The above justifies the need to formulate the general provisions
of rights in rem not only considering the tasks of ensuring civil circulation, but also taking into
account the needs of public law regulation of such areas as merchant shipping.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: rights in rem

value: merchant shipping

value: ownership

value: sea vessel

value: absolute civil rights

value: rights in personam

value: real estate

value: civil law

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Novikov, Egor Е.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Novikov, Egor Е. 2024. “Criminal procedural and criminal executive legal relations functioning at the initial stage of execution and serving of criminal sentences”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 87–104. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.106 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the problems and features of the legal regulation of criminal procedural
legal relations arising, changing or terminating at the initial stage of execution and
serving of criminal sentences. The paper deals with the legal relations functioning within
the boundaries determined by the moment when the court’s conviction comes into legal
force and the beginning of the actual execution of the criminal punishment (measure) by
the authorized institution. In the course of the research, the author comes to the conclusion
that for the normal development of criminal procedural legal relations and the timely
emergence of general and specific criminal-executive legal ties at the initial stage of execution
and serving of criminal sentences, it is necessary: to solve problematic issues arising at
the stage of the entry into force of the court’s conviction and its appeal for execution. For
example, it is proposed to fix in the Criminal Procedure Code the fact that only the person
in respect of whom the conviction of the court has entered into legal force will be a convict,
which will contribute to the elimination of problems related to the determination of the
legal status of persons in respect of whom the accused the court verdict has not entered
into legal force; to make changes in terms of improving the legal status of convicts before
they are sent from the pre-trial detention center to prison. For example, it is necessary to
provide an opportunity for a convict to have a meeting not only with shy people, but also
with other persons; to exclude from the criminal procedural and criminal executive legislation
duplicating norms that may differ in structure and create problems for the legislator.
Empirical material was collected on the basis of educational institutions of the Federal
Penitentiary Service of Russia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: criminal-procedural legal relations

value: convicted person

value: conviction

value: stage of execution of the sentence

value: criminal-executive legal regulation


dc.contributor.author

value: Belousov, Andrey L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Belousov, Andrey L. 2024. “Directions for improving special legal regimes for doing business”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 136–151. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.109 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article contains an analysis of the current state of legal support in the field of support for
certain types of business activities. Ways for further development of legislation in this area of
public relations are proposed. An assessment is made of the current preferential legal regimes
for conducting certain types of business activities. In particular, the author focused on special
economic zones, industrial parks, a special investment contract and territories of rapid socioeconomic
development. The features of regulation are outlined and the problems of each of
the considered preferential legal regimes are defined. As a general intermediate result, the
thesis is formulated that the implementation of such support tools in practice today is fragmented,
and the legal regimes under study do not correlate with each other. Thus, it is stated
that currently the existing preferential legal regimes lack consistency and there is no general
synchronization of goals. Based on this, the author makes and substantiates theoretical proposals
aimed at optimizing and increasing the efficiency of the entire system of measures to
support individual sectors of the economy. These theoretical proposals are based on a unified
conceptual model of legal regulation of preferential regimes for carrying out entrepreneurial
activities. In the author’s opinion, the regulatory and legal design of the new conceptual model
should be a separate Federal Law on Preferential Regimes for Business Activities. Within the
framework of this legal act, the preferential legal regimes for stimulating investment activity
and business support that currently exist rather disparately in relation to each other will be
combined into a coherent, orderly system of tools to support certain areas of business activity.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: legal regime

value: entrepreneurial activity

value: special economic zones

value: industrial park

value: special investment contract

value: territory of priority development

value: investments


dc.contributor.author

value: Drapezo, Roman G.

value: Kondratiev, Maxim V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Drapezo, Roman G., Maxim V. Kondratiev. 2024. “Exemplary structure of investigative characteristics of crimes and peculiarities of its construction on the example of certain types of illegal acts”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 171–191. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.111 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the concept, content and technology of constructing of a typical investigative
characteristic of crimes as a scientific category. Literature review on the concept and content of the characteristic of crimes is conducted. The study summarizes and examines the sufficient
empirical material obtained from criminal cases of illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs
and psychotropic substances, as well as murders involving fire; records of police reports in the
field of drug trafficking. It is proposed that, in order to minimize the risk of false results, the
design of a future study should be planned by determining the type and scope of the empirical
basis for constructing a typical investigative characteristic of a crime, applied to the stage
of its commission. Distinctive features of the investigative characteristic are described. The
basic elements of the standard search characteristics applied to various categories of crimes
are identified. Correlation and information clusters are constructed using statistical methods,
which, unlike the elements themselves, have stability and renewability. The nature of some
such elements is presented, only for certain types and groups of crimes. The article presents
the main stages of the technology for building a typical investigative characteristic of crimes
with a reflection of their sequence. In the form of a two-dimensional matrix in tabular form,
on the basis of a detailed analysis of the construction of a typical investigative characteristic,
an investigative methodology for identifying, suppressing and solving crimes on the example
of illegal sale of narcotic drugs and murders associated with fire is presented. The authors conclude
that the investigative characteristic of crimes is designed to solve problems and achieve
the goals of exclusively investigative activities, unlike related categories, which perform other
scientific and practical tasks. Arguments are given, according to which the investigative characteristic
of crimes cannot replace the other characteristics.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: investigative characteristic of crimes

value: investigative activities

value: investigation and search operations

value: investigative methodology

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Starostenko, Nina I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Starostenko, Nina I. 2024. “Forensic features of methods of committing theft using methods of social engineering and information and telecommunication technologies”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 152–170. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.110 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents a forensic characteristic of the system of actions of a criminal in preparing,
committing and concealing thefts committed using methods of social engineering and information and telecommunication technologies. This article has three main goals. Firstly,
it will identify the main types of theft using methods of social engineering and information
and telecommunication technologies, which were identified based on the study of judicial
and investigative practice. Secondly, it presents the main methods of social engineering that
are most often used by criminals to establish psychological contact and influence the psyche
and behavior of victims. Thirdly, the analysis of the methods will allow us to identify natural
connections between the methods of committing these thefts and other elements of the
criminalistic characteristics, in particular the personality of the criminal, the personality of
the victim, the mechanism of trace formation, etc. The first part of the main study presents a
forensic characteristic of the personality of the criminal and his illegal activities. Next, based
on special literature and forensic investigative practice, a forensic classification of methods of
committing thefts using social engineering methods and information and telecommunication
technologies is formulated. In conclusion, the results of the study are summed up and it
is concluded that, in general, the methods under consideration are full-structural, since their
content includes a certain set of actions (stages) (preparation, direct commission of illegal actions,
concealment of traces of a crime).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: forensics

value: crime investigation

value: social engineering

value: social engineering methods

value: remote fraud

value: methods of committing thefts


dc.contributor.author

value: Ghambaryan, Artur S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ghambaryan, Artur S. 2024. “Development of criminal procedure law of Armenia out of the law (extra legem) and contrary to the law (contra legem)”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 206–224. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.113 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses questions of the development of criminal procedure law out of the criminal
procedure Code of the Republic of Armenia (extra legem) and contrary to the criminal
procedure Code of the Republic of Armenia (contra legem) of theoretical and practical significance.
In the first part of the article, the author presented the content of the concept of “law
(jus) interest”, which is used in the Codes of 1998 and 2021. The author considers a valuebased
approach to the concept of “law (jus) interest” possible only in conditions of a broad law
understanding. If any provision of the Code is clearly (blatantly) opposed to law principles
expressing the essence of criminal procedure law, then the only addressee of the legislative
requirement to be guided by the interest of law is institutionally and functionally independent
of the executive branch court, which can act contrary to a specific provision of the Code, but
in accordance with the principles of law. The second part of the article presents the views of the
law of Russian proceduralists A. S. Alexandrov and L. V. Golovko, and also examines whether
these scientists consider the development of procedural law permissible contrary to the Code
or not. In the third part of the article, it is noted that the judges of the Republic of Armenia, as
a rule, avoid directly mentioning in their judicial acts, according to which methodology they
carried out the development of law: by an expansive interpretation, by means of extra legem or
contra legem law development. The article also discusses various examples of the development
of criminal procedure law contrary to the Code by the Court of Cassation of the Republic of
Armenia.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: law interest

value: law understanding

value: judicial procedure

value: spatial interpretation of the law

value: legal interpretation

value: development of law outside of the law

value: extra legem

value: development of law contrary to the law

value: contra legem

value: qualified silence of the legislator

value: legislative omission


dc.contributor.author

value: Abdulkareem, Fahil Abdulbasit A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abdulkareem, Fahil Abdulbasit A. 2023. “The role of predictive policing in predicting spatio-temporal crime mapping”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 4: 192–205. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.112

dc.description.abstract

value:
Since the modern criminology critically reviews the contribution of socio-environmental
factors to the crime mapping in terms of their spatio-temporal distribution, a statistical/
machine learning technique namely called the risk terrain modelling (RTM) is currently being
used as a software solution to diagnose the socio-environmental conditions that lead to
crime in a specific area’s geography (Study Area), through geospatial and temporal analyses
of crimes by linking them to hotspots and analysing them into big data (criminal data), and
as a result, appears the new predicting patterns of risks in geographical area under survey
(Survey Area) in future, all that for a sake of a rapid and effective response by the Predictive
Police, firstly, for setting the priorities for the deployment of precautionary resources to prevent
crime and reduce potential risks in the event of a crime, and secondly, what is required
to be done upon arrival as a precautionary step to control the crime with a minimum disadvantage
to the police forces. The Risk Terrain Modelling represents a systematic investment
for more than a decade in the field of criminal investigation, it is have been founded by
Leslie W. Kennedy and Joel M. Caplan at Rutgers University, and it currently testes in over
than 45 countries around the world.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 1

value: predictive policing

value: near-repeat phenomenon

value: crime prediction

value: risk terrain modelling

value: artificial intelligence

value: machine learning

value: agent-based modelling

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Madi, Ramzi

value: Masn, Muna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Madi, Ramzi, Muna Masn. 2024. “The effects of the public joint stock companies’ conversion on partners and creditors of the company: A comparative study between the Emirati and the Jordanian laws”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 235–249. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.115

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper aims to investigates the concept of conversion and will discuss the effects of conversion
on the partners and the company’s creditors without discussing the effects of conversion
for the converted company. This article compares two jurisdictions in middle east — United
Arab Emirates (UAE), and Jordan. to find out how both jurisdictions have dealt with the effects
of the public joint stock companies’ conversion on partners and creditors of the company.
The article reached a set of findings, for example, it is not permissible for the transferred company
to dissociate itself from the contracts that it had concluded before the transfer. The UAE
legislator has done well when it explicitly stated that the rights of the partners or shareholders
may not be violated towards the shareholders and creditors of the transferred company, holders
of loan, bonds, or sukuk, and any interested party. The UAE legislative authority stipulated
that the company’s conversion would be contingent upon objectors relinquishing their objections.
Alternatively, if the court were to issue a final judgment rejecting the objection, or if the
company were to promptly settle the debt, or provide substantial guarantees for future debt
repayment, the conversion would proceed. Previous studies have been based on one jurisdiction,
other than this study, which compared two jurisdictions in the middle east. Also, this
article examined the recent commercial companies law issued in the United Arab Emirates. In
addition, this article focused on one type of company, which is the public joint stock company.

dc.subject

value: conversion

value: partners

value: creditors

value: public joint stock company

value: United Arab Emirates

value: Jordan


dc.contributor.author

value: Dorskaia, Aleksandra A.

value: Dorskii, Andrei Yu.

value: Petrovа, Natal’ia D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dorskaia, Aleksandra A., Andrei Yu. Dorskii, Natal’ia D. Petrovа. 2024. “Crisis of the international legal system: Concept, features, classification”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 225–234. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.114

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article performs a comprehensive analysis of the notion of the “crisis of the international
legal system”. It has been demonstrated that the issue of crisis phenomena in international law
holds a distinct position in the field of international legal science. Various approaches have been
identified for studying this subject, encompassing both the theory of state and law as well as international
law. Based on historical examples of the Westphalian, Versailles-Washington systems,
as well as the United Nations system, such signs of a crisis of the international legal system are
identified, as the degradation of the core principles that underpin the international legal system,
the consistent disregard exhibited by the subjects of international law towards the principles and
norms they previously established through consensus, the exclusion of key actors from the international
legal system, the lack of a system of boundary agreements, the discrepancy between the
evolving practical relations and the international legal regulations, the failure of subjects of international
law to engage with international justice bodies during disputes, or the infrequent use
of peaceful resolution methods for international conflicts, as well as attempts not to comply with
the decision of the international court. The authors have coined the definition of a crisis of the
international legal system. A classification of crises of the international legal system has been developed,
containing examples from various stages of the development of international relations.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The part of the A. A. Dorskaia’s and N. D. Petrova’s research was funded by Russian Science
Foundation (RSF), according to the research project No. 24-28-01860 “Crises of the international legal
system and ways to overcome them: historical experience”.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: international legal system

value: principles of international law

value: crisis

value: signs of crisis

value: United Nations

value: Versailles system

value: Westphalian system


dc.contributor.author

value: Boldyrev, Vladimir A.

value: Svarchevsky, Konstantin G.

value: Klepalova, Yuliya I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Boldyrev, Vladimir A., Konstantin G. Svarchevsky, Yuliya I. Klepalova. 2024. “3D real estate cadastre: Risks associated with digital innovation”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 275–293. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.118 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Statistical data on the use of terms relevant to the problems of three-dimensional real estate
cadastre by Russian scientists are presented and analyzed. It is noted that the creation of the
public law company “Roskadastr” and the Unified Digital Platform “National Spatial Data System”,
on the basis of which information collected by a number of government agencies is integrated,
is an incentive for conducting large-scale convergent research and a good reason for
predicting the risks, associated with the formation of a three-dimensional real estate cadastre.
Three-dimensional real estate cadastre defined as an aggregation three-dimensional models in
electronic form, reflecting the most significant physical (spatial) parameters of real estate objects.
The factors stimulating and limiting the maintenance of a three-dimensional real estate
cadastre are called. For a three-dimensional real estate cadastre, reflecting the parameters of
objects of the material world, the risks of information loss are not excessive due to the existence
of the possibility of restoring lost information based on a re-examination of existing real
estate, which prevents the registration and judicial systems from plunging into a state of chaos
or uncertainty. It is concluded that conducting interdisciplinary research in this area and identifying
emerging risks as a result of technology assessment and socio-humanitarian expertise
is a matter of the near future. At the same time, the most important parameters of the regulatory
legal regulation of relations, related to the maintenance of a three-dimensional real estate
cadastre, can be identified today and should be reduced, at least, to the establishment of a
ban on the inclusion in public databases of information sufficient to create three-dimensional
models of real estate objects under the operational management of state institutions, including
government agencies.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: civil law

value: information technology

value: anti-terrorist security

value: database

value: big data

value: convergent research

value: cognitive sciences

value: technological neutrality

value: Collingridge’s dilemma

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Jiang, Siyuan

dc.identifier.citation

value: Jiang Siyuan. 2024. “Principles for cooperation in legal services of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 262–274. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.117 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The development of interregional legal service cooperation in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
(SCO) is an important measure within the SCO to align with the strategy of the Belt and Road Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union and serve economic and trade exchanges.
Legal service cooperation involves the transfer of judicial sovereignty, and on the basis
of respecting the sovereignty of member states, political mutual trust should be enhanced
through consultation, co-construction and sharing, and cooperation should be gradually
promoted to higher quality and deeper development, and finally an equal, open and winwin
cooperation order should be established. Promote exchanges and mutual learning among
civilizations under the rule of law, and promote people-to-people bonds. The civilization of
human rule of law is colorful, equal and inclusive, and the diversity of the basic conditions
for the rule of law in various countries has shaped a rich legal system and rule of law culture.
Fully respecting the diversity of civilizations, strengthening dialogue, eliminating legal conflicts
through mutual legal learning, and eliminating legal barriers through legal exchanges
will help promote the common values of all mankind and promote the building of a community
with a shared future for mankind. At present, it is necessary to further improve the
exchange mechanism including high-level dialogues, academic exchanges, legal seminars, and
build more exchange and cooperation platforms for legal experts and scholars. Through joint
research and training exchanges and other cooperative projects, strengthen the comprehensive
understanding of legal professionals of the world and local rule of law civilization. Pay
attention to the cultivation of legal talents, strengthen the construction of foreign-related legal
service talents, and provide solid talent support for the high-quality development of the Belt
and Road.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: legal services

value: respect for national sovereignty

value: rule of law

value: joint consultation

value: joint construction and joint use


dc.contributor.author

value: Jia, Shaoxue

dc.identifier.citation

value: Jia Shaoxue. 2024. “Development of higher education within the Belt and Road: Achievements, deficiencies and the rule of law pathway”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 1: 250–261. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.116 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Belt and Road Initiative provides new opportunities and impetus for the development of
higher education in China. In the past 20 years, higher education in China has made great achievements: the scale of higher education talents has increased, the protection of higher
education rights has improved, and cooperation and exchanges in higher education have increased.
Regarding exchanges and cooperation in higher education in the Belt and Road, China
faces unresolved challenges, including the only opportunity for talent training, a complex
and changing environment for international cooperation, and broad and unclear institutional
norms. Guaranteeing the rule of law is a support and driving force for countries to engage in
exchanges and cooperation in higher education within the framework of the Belt and Road.
China needs to actively promote the construction of the rule of law under the Belt and Road
framework, unambiguously promote the development of higher education through effective
laws, and actively promote the civilized process of the rule of law in higher education. Utilizing
the rule of law and the rule of law will promote a new stage of higher education reform and
build a modern higher education system with Chinese characteristics. Based on the concept
of ensuring the proper rule of law to support cooperation and development, various methods
should be applied to promote the development of the rule of law, including the formation of
the concept of effective law and good governance, the improvement of information and evaluation
systems in higher education, and the improvement of the information and evaluation
system in higher education.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: higher education

value: Chinese characteristics

value: international cooperation

value: effective laws

value: civilized process

value: Belt and Road


dc.contributor.author

value: Savelyeva, Natalya V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Savelyeva N. V. A Newly Discovered Epistle of Patriarch Hermogenes to Priests and Laity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 209–232. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.115 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the newly found epistle of Patriarch Hermogenes addressed to the
priests and laity of parish churches. Until now, information about this epistle has been limited
to brief quotations in the writings of “zealots of piety” about unison chanting. The full
text of the epistle has been preserved in three manuscripts. The authenticity of the epistle is
confirmed by the realities reflected in it of the situation of the parish clergy in Russia in the
16th–17th centuries: the patriarch writes in detail about violations of the liturgy; concerns the
question of hired priests; denounces the practice of custom liturgies. He pays special attention
to the relationship between the church clergy and parishioners. Patriarch Hermogenes
reproaches parish priests for their resemblance of the laity in everyday life and disregard for
the rules prescribed to the priests and denounces the desire of the parishioners to influence
church affairs. The Patriarch directly demands that parishioners, irrespective of their high
their rank, should not interfere in the course of the church service and declares the unaccepatability
of shortening the service for the sake of the everyday needs of the laity. The article
argues that the epistle dates to the time of the overthrow of Vasilii Shuiskii from the throne
and the beginning of the events of the first militia and proposes a hypothesis about the existence
of its original in the circles close to Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and the Moscow Printing
House. The epistle of Patriarch Hermogenes available in all known copies and commentaries
on its sources are included in the Appendix.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 1

value: Patriarch Hermogenes

value: writings of “zealots of piety”

value: parish life of the 16th–17th centuries

value: priests

value: laity

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Menshikova, Evgenia N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Menshikova E. N. Agrarian Business of Merchant Women of the Central Chernozem Region in Post-reform Period. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 39–57. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.103 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyses the forms of the presence of merchant women in the agricultural business
of the Central Chernozem region. After the emancipation reform of 1861 in Russia, land
became a commodity for all classes. At the time, merchant women showed increased entrepreneurial
interest in the land market of the region. Merchant women invested in a variety of
types of land: arable land, vegetable gardens, forests, meadows, pastures, swamps, gardens, as
well as land in the city that belonged to private individuals or the municipality. On the land
outside the city merchants placed their industrial enterprises (brick, iron foundries, salt-melting
plants), which carried an unfavorable environmental burden to the city. Many merchant
women owned large landed property. This allowed them to be large landowners of the Central
Chernozem provinces. Land was an asset whose value was increasing every year. Merchant
women performed numerous operations with the land: they bought (mainly from nobles and
peasants), sold, took, leased and subleased, carried out numerous collateral operations. Representatives
of all estate groups of provincial society became business partners for merchants
in the agricultural business. It was a common phenomenon for merchants to build business
relations in the agricultural business between members of the same merchant family (often
between a wife and husband). Merchant women operated in the agricultural sector of the region,
relying on their own and borrowed funds of individuals and banking institutions (Moscow
land banks, Kharkov land banks, Oryol land banks, Yelets City Public Bank, Oryol branch
of the State Bank).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) within the framework of scientific
research “Merchant women of the Central Chernozem region in the second half of the 19th — early
20th century: “survival strategy” and a story of professional success”, project no. 23-28-01396 headed by
E. N. Menshikova.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: merchant women

value: post-reform period

value: the Russian Empire

value: Central Chernozem region

value: agricultural business

value: land market

value: land ownership

value: lease

value: pledge


dc.contributor.author

value: Kirchanov, Maksim V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kirchanoff M. W. The Historical Politics of the Contemporary Greek Society. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 165–181. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.112 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The aim of the study is to examine the contemporary politics of memory in Greece in the early
2020s. The author analyzes the role and place of various ideological trends in modern Greek
social thought, defining them as factors in the development and transformation of memorial
culture and the collective historical memory of society. The novelty of the study lies in addressing
the current stage in the development of the historical policy of the Greek society in
the context of an objective lack of interdisciplinary research. The article is based on the principles
of interdisciplinary historiography on memory studies. The author uses the achievements
of the memorial turn and intellectual history to analyze Greek politics of historical memory
and memorial culture. The article reveals the importance of factors of weak institutionalization
of memorial culture in the context of significant politicization and ideologization of historical
memory. The article shows that social activists as agents of the politics of memory in
modern Greek society make a significant contribution to the development and transformation
of memorial culture, the spectrum of memorial practices of Greek intellectuals varies from
nationalism to liberalism, the participation of intellectuals in memorial politics impacts the
parallel co-development of various competing forms of historical memories and versions of
memorial cultures. The research suggests that the role of society in the historical politics of
modern Greece will increase, and the intellectual community will remain among the active
participants in the collective memorial politics.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Greece

value: collective memory

value: intellectuals

value: historical politics

value: wars of memory

value: culture of memory


dc.contributor.author

value: Kashchenko, Sergey G.

value: Kashchenko, Elena S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kashchenko S. G., Kashchenko E. S. Emancipation Reform in Pavlovskoe Estate of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 58–74. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.104 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the process of emancipation of peasants and redemption operation in
the estate of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich, located between Tsarskoe Selo and Pavlovsk.
The article reveals economic situation in Finnish villages and Fedorovskii Posad that
were part of the estate. The authors consider the content and peculiarities of the charters and
redemption documents for these settlements, which are kept in the Russian State Historical
Archive (RGSH). The views of Konstantin Nikolaevich, who headed the Main Committee
on Peasant Affairs and the Organization of the Rural Estate, on the rules of emancipation of
peasants in the royal estates are analysed. The article studies the arguments of the ministers
M. N. Murav’ev and V. F. Adlerberg, who disagreed with the proposal of Konstantin Nikolaevich
to liberate peasants from the Pavlovskoje estates on the basis of the Provisions of February
19, 1861. The authors conclude that the conditions of emancipation of the peasants in Pavlovskoje
estate, as well as the pre-reform condition of the peasant economy, were markedly
more favorable than those of the peasants in other estates of the Tsarskoselskii district. The
peasants signed the charter deeds offered to them, but were in no hurry to switch over to the
buyout. The delay in carrying out the redemption operation in the estate was caused by the
peasants’ unwillingness to immediately switch to redemption on the terms less favorable to
them offered by the owner. It was not until the early 1880s, after the reduction of redemption
payments, that mandatory redemption operations were concluded.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Grant
no. 19-09-00365 “Comparative analysis of the economic and social consequences of the reform of February
19, 1861 in the metropolitan provinces of the Russian Empire. Experience in the application of statistical
methods and modern computer technologies” headed by S. G. Kashchenko.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich

value: Pavlovskoe estate

value: Emancipation reform of 1861

value: redemption operation

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shibaev, Mikhail A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shibaev M. A. Ruling Pattern of the Parchment Codices in the Context of the Technological Development of Ancient Russian Booklore. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 111–123. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.108 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
At the beginning of the 15th century, there was a process of transition from manual to mechanical
ruling or ruling pattern. With this type of ruling, the result was achieved not by running
the tip of a knife or an awl over the parchment, but by using a template. A similar tool had been
used since the 12th century in Oriental manuscripts and was called “mastara”. In Europe, it was
called “tabula ad rigandum” in Latin, “planche à régler” in French, “rule-board” in English. In
the Russian tradition it was known as “carax”, “terax”, “kerax”, etc. In Europe, it apparently appeared
at the same time as in the Old Russian tradition — at the beginning of the 15th century.
The earliest ruling pattern (1403) was found in the copy of Izbornik of 1073 originating from
the Moscow Andronikov monastery of the Savior. The main feature of this ruling pattern is
the absence of any kind of pricks on the margins of the parchment sheet. The introduction of
the template into written practice led to a change in the traditional schemes and principles of
ruling of Old Russian parchment codexes. The ruling known patterns with threads of animal
or plant origins worked well on paper, but clearly could not leave a mark on a harder material,
such as parchment. An experiment was conducted with a specially made template with metal
threads and modern parchment, similar in its properties to the medieval one. The result of the
successful experiment revealed that the application of the ruling pattern on parchment was
only possible if it was preliminarily softened with water.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 22-18-00615 (“Technological
shifts in the material culture of Ancient Russia: A comprehensive study of books and documents
of the 11th–17th centuries”).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: technological features of the book

value: Old Russian libraries

value: ruling pattern of manuscript

value: parchment

value: mastara

value: karax


dc.contributor.author

value: Zhumangaliyev, Meirambek K.

value: Polgár, Szabolcs

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zhumangaliyev M. K., Polgár S. Cumans in the Hungarian Domestic Policy in the Second Half of the 13th Century. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 100–110. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.107 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores a range of issues related to the role of the Cuman population in the life of
Hungarian society in the second half of the 13th century. Political crises arose against the background
of the struggle between contenders for the throne. Gradually, special vassal-lord relationships
were formed. Land allotments were granted to the feudal lords not in exchange for
service but on account of their past services to the king. As wealth grew, so did the ambitions
of the Hungarian barons. Bela IV planned to use the Cumans, who had resettled in the middle
of the 13th century, in the fight against the local magnates. Gradually, the role of nomads in
the royal court increased. The Cumans had become one of the key players in the domestic
political arena of the country. During the civil war between Bela IV and Prince Istvan, the
Cumans supported the king at the beginning of the conflict. During the reign of Laszlo IV, the
Cuman aristocracy gained an advantage in terms of influence over the king. The king favored
the Cumans, who also comprised his bodyguards. Local magnates, with the support of the
papal legate in 1279, achieved the adoption of a law on the Cumans, which radically changed
the way of life of the nomads. Because of this, the Cumans rebelled, and the king lost their
traditional support. Later, representatives of the Cuman nobility became the main participants
in the murder of Laszlo IV.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Cumans

value: Golden Bull

value: familiaris

value: servientes

value: legate

value: Cuman law

value: nuker


dc.contributor.author

value: Antoshchenko, Aleksandr V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Antoshchenko A. V. The Revolutionary Youth of Georgii Fedotov. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, рp. 124–134. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.109

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article delves into George Fedotov’s involvement in the revolutionary struggle; his reasons,
motives, and perception of it; as well as the conditions and factors that led to the decision to
discontinue his revolutionary activities. The study relies on documents of the local gendarme
administration from the State Archives of Saratov Region and private correspondence between
G. P. Fedotov and T. Iu. Dmitrieva. Their examination allows for a fresh perspective on his
involvement in the revolutionary activities of the Social Democrats in Saratov, shedding light
on its existential underpinnings. This research employs the hermeneutics of understanding
(Verstehen) as a methodological paradigm to explore George Fedotov’s youth. This approach
involves identifying internal motives behind the external events in the life of the subject in
question. It considers individual psychological aspects that contributed to the formation
of G. P. Fedotov’s personality. The author defines the emerging changes in the personality
of G. P. Fedotov as a reorientation of his own fate caused not only by the decline of the
revolutionary movement but also by the crisis of his identity. Consequently, crucial moments
in his early biography are demonstrated as manifestations of the revision of his identity shaped
by the interplay between his personal aspirations and the influences of the social environment,
where his closest associates played a significant role.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 1

value: biography of G. P. Fedotov

value: Russian revolution of 1905 in Saratov province

value: personal history

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Badikov, Roman A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Badikov R. A. The Trial of the Former Dean of Leningrad State University Nikolai Kornatovsky. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 22–38. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.102 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines a series of events related to the criminal prosecution of Nikolai Kornatovsky,
a prominent party historian, professor, and the former dean of the Faculty of History
at Leningrad State University. Amidst the political purges of the 1940s and 1950s, echoing
the “Leningrad Affair”, Kornatovsky was expelled from the party, dismissed from high administrative
positions, and arrested in 1951 on false charges of anti-Soviet activities. The trial
over Kornatovsky has been reconstructed on the basis of the documents of supervision
proceedings revealed by the author and previously not used by the researchers. The study
particularly focuses on the interconnectedness between Kornatovsky’s personal case within
the Bolshevik Party and the initiation of criminal proceedings against him by the Ministry
of State Security of the USSR; on the mechanisms of forming the evidentiary base during the
preliminary investigation. The article also explores the role of expert commissions in the case
and the significance of the examination of the historian’s scholarly works as a key procedural
action. The article reveals the principles of compilation of witnesses’ testimonies and other
statements during the historian’s trial. Furthermore, details of the efforts by Kornatovsky and
his spouse, Maria Kornatovskaya, to appeal a guilty verdict are revealed Additionally, the article
presents the outcome of the appeal in 1954, the role of the Prosecutor’s Office of the USSR,
and administrative-party structures of the Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party during
the relevant stage, as well as the rationale behind the termination of criminal prosecution
against Kornatovsky.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: “Leningrad Affair”

value: repressions

value: post-war purges

value: political trials

value: Leningrad University

value: party historians

value: Nikolai Kornatovsky


dc.contributor.author

value: Voeikov, Evgeny V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Voeikov E. V. The Food Aspect of the Daily Life of Logging Workers of the Volga Region during the Years of Pre-war Modernization. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 135–151. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.110 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The issues of nutrition and food security comprise an important part in the scholarship on the
history of everyday life. This article addresses this topic with regard to logging workers of the
forest trusts of the Middle Volga region in comparison with all-Union trends. The territorial
framework includes the modern regions of Penza, Samara, Ulianovsk, and the Republic of
Mordovia. The article shows the dynamics of solving the food problem in the region. The food
shortage in logging camps was most acute in 1930–1931. With the creation of a food supply
system for forest workers, the unresolved issues in the second half of the 1930s were the production
of low-quality bread and interruptions in the supply of flour, pasta, sugar, and other
food products to individual forest posts. The author of the article for the first time introduces
into the scholarship quantitative indicators of the presence of shopping units and bakeries in
the logging camps of the Kuibyshev region and the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of
Mordovia in the third five-year plan. The article also analyses the degree of food provision of
timber farms of forestry trusts. In the Middle Volga region, food supply in the third five-year
plan was best established in the “Sredles” trust of the People’s Commissariat of Heavy Industry.
In the “Kuibyshevles” system of the People’s Commissariat of Forestry, the forest camps were
provided with shopping units and bakeries to an insufficient extent. The food problem was
exacerbated by organizational deficiencies in the trading system.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: the history of everyday life

value: food supply

value: seasonal workers

value: the “Sredles” trust

value: the “Kuibyshevles” trust


dc.contributor.author

value: Krotov, Pavel A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krotov P. A. The Mystery of Lomonosov’s Date of Birth. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 5–21. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.101 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Officially, the date of birth of M. V. Lomonosov is now considered to have been November
8 (19), 1711, although it is stipulated that this is a conditional date since the metric book where
it was recorded was lost in the 18th century. This date of birth was chosen in 1911 by the Academy
of Sciences for the jubilee celebrations of the 200th anniversary of the birth of the luminary
of science, according to the assumption of Academician M. I. Sukhomlinov (1896). The author
of the article found out that the now accepted 1711 year of birth of Lomonosov is the result of
calculations by his colleague at the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Academician
Ya. Shtelin (1709–1785), made after the death of Lomonosov in 1765. An analysis of all previously
known and newly identified sources and all existing versions of his birth date allowed
us to put forward a new version. The author of the article shows that Lomonosov, in certain
circumstances, whether he was ordained a priest or appointed to the position of professor, it
turned out to be advantageous to exaggerate his too undignified age. The conducted research
allowed to challenge the assumption of Ya. Shtelin (1765) about the birth in 1711 of the great
Russian scientist-encyclopedist, poet-innovator Lomonosov and based on the study of reliable
documentary materials (the certificate of the metric book about his death, the memoirs of the
professor himself in the transfer Ya. Shtelin) to assert that he was born in 1714. It probably
happened days earlier or on the very day of the memory of St. Michael Malein on July 12 (23),
or on the eve or on the very day of the memory of St. Archangel Michael on November 8 (19),
1714. Both versions should now be considered equivalent.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: M. V. Lomonosov

value: Ya. Shtelin

value: Russian Academy of Sciences

value: St. Petersburg Academic University

value: Moscow University

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shchebrova, Svetlana Ya.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shchebrova S. Ya. Regionalism in the Life of Grigorii Gurkin. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 75–88. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.105 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The problem of the disintegration of our country has arisen several times: the first time — as
the disintegration of the Russian Empire, the second time — as the disintegration of the Soviet
Union. Since the situation of disintegration has been consistently repeated, this process cannot
be regarded as accidental. Among its causes is the ideology of regionalism. It emerged in the
19th century as a response to the colonial policy of the centre towards the outlying territories.
Regionalism was inseparably linked to the life of Grigory Ivanovich Gurkin (1870–1937), the
first painter of the Altai landscape, having affected him three times. For the first time, at the
turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, regionalism helped a representative of the minority from
the Altai to become a professional artist. The work of the spiritual mission in the Altai, with
all its peculiarity, was objectively the embodiment of regionalists’ dream about elementary
education of national minorities. Gurkin’s painstaking mastering of literacy and icon painting,
allowed him not only to develop creative abilities, but also to get acquainted through
A. V. Anokhin with the leader of the Siberian regionalists G. N. Potanin. Friendship with Potanin,
Anohin, and other representatives of the Siberian regionalism, promoted political awakening
of the Altai landscape painter. After October events of 1917, Gurkin turned from assimilation
of ideas of regionalism to their direct realization in political activity. For the third time,
the ideas of regionalism were actualized at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, when the
national elite of the Altai Republic transformed Gurkin into a key figure of ethnic solidarity.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) under a research project no. 22-18-
00018 “Ethnosophy of Altai: Ideology and Mythology of National Consciousness”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: regionalism

value: G. N. Potanin

value: G. I. Gurkin

value: power

value: ethnic elites

value: myth-making


dc.contributor.author

value: Dvornichenko, Andrey Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dvornichenko A. Yu. The American Image of the Helmsman or Who Mister Stalin Is. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 233–246. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.116 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is a response to the recently written, very interesting and innovative, book, by an
American historian Jim Curtis. During 20th century, the study of the Russian history was conducted
in the opposing to each other American and Soviet historiographies. However, as far as
Stalinism is concerned, American scholars obviously surpassed the Soviet Union as this theme
was forbidden in the latter. Curtis aims to rise above all “combats” and to study Stalinism
with the help of such disciplines as media theory, linguistics, and anthropology — disciplines
that scholars in America as well as in Russia have usually ignored. He also excellently knows
the Russian literature. To his opinion, religious notions, particularly “monasticism”, “monastic
walls”, relationship between the elder and the junior comprise a certain framework of Stalin’s
consciousness. It may be true but it is not enough to explain the phenomenon of the cult of
Stalin’s personality. Moreover, it is arguable whether literature could adequately reflect the history
of a society, particularly, for the need of historians. We also have to be very careful when
comparing the USA and Russia/USSR, because such phenomena as slavery, political system,
frontier, Protestant ethics may be different in their foundation. It is also very hard to compare
Stalin with many other dictators as despite their seeming similarities, their origins differ. The
main merit of this book is a conviction that the Russian history is indivisible, that Soviet and
post-Soviet “periods” simply continue the previous history. This approach enables to understand
more in the “natural laws” of the Russian history.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 1

value: Jim Curtis

value: American historiography

value: Stalin

value: monasticism

value: literature

value: reflection of reality


dc.contributor.author

value: Savich, Aleksandr A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Savich A. А. A Belarusian Trace in the Murder of Voikov in Historiography and New Sources. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 152–164. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.111 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines how the assassination of the Soviet ambassador to Poland P. Voikov in
Warsaw on June 7, 1927 is reflected in the Belarusian historiography in the context of the
Belarusian national liberation movement as part of interwar Poland. Currently, the widely
known information about Voikov’s involvement in the murder of the royal family and the
availability of unfavourable information about his character and diplomatic career have overshadowed
the image of Voikov an ardent revolutionary and Soviet diplomat. Modern Belarusian
authors view Voikov negatively as a person involved in the murder of the royal family,
and as an unlucky, unscrupulous and unsuccessful diplomat. As far as the circumstances of
Voikov’s assassination are concerned, Belarusian authors address the ethnicity and ideological
and political beliefs of his killer, B. Koverda; they disagree with his interpretation as a Russian
emigrant, a member of the White Guard and monarchist. There are opposing views regarding
his commitment to the Belarusian revolutionary liberation ideals. The article presents
the main motives of the murder of Voikov, including the version about the involvement of
the Soviet special services in his elimination, which is confirmed by the archival documents
identified by the author. Archival documents reveal the existence of contradictions within the
community of representatives of Soviet political, diplomatic, and intelligence structures in
Poland, which could also have led to the physical elimination of P. Voikov.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: the murder of Voikov

value: Western Belarus 1921–1939

value: the Belarusian movement

value: historiography

value: sources

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Palamarchuk, Anastasia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Palamarchuk A. A. Heraldic Tracts in the Tudor and Stuart England. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 89–99. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.106 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the late 16th–17th centuries both heraldic and chivalric practices and heraldic literature
were flourishing in England. The article reconstructs the repertoire of the heraldic tracts written
under the Tudors and the Early Stuarts. These sources represent an especially significant
complex for the study of the rise of the social as an autonomous sphere. Heraldic and paraheraldic
tracts can be divided into three categories in accordance with the structural organization
of the texts: displays of heraldry, tracts about nobility, and catalogues of nobility. Each
category is characterized by its peculiar themes within a broad heraldic spectrum. The tracts
concerning nobility revealed the substance of the phenomenon, defined and structured its
analytical parameters; therefore, the boundaries of the nobility were determined and specified.
Heraldic displays, in addition to their practical and didactic functions, visualized the abstract
notion of “nobility” and impressed this concept upon the minds due to a wide range of associations,
which were revived in the process of interpretation of the heraldic symbols. Finally,
the catalogues of the nobility concretized nobilitas in its visible boundaries and/or historical
dynamics. Taken as an intertext owing to the compilations and mutual citations, these three
types of the heraldic narratives created the space where the autonomization of the social was
developing. The crucial factor in this process was the multi-dimensional nature of the definition
of the concept of nobility. The evolution of the heraldic tracts illustrated important
and large-scale processes: 1) the evolution of the perception of the English constitution not
as the corpus of practices, but as the complex of practices and texts, which not only fixed the
custom but also made its interpretation possible; 2) the rise of the social in the Early Modern
intellectual discourse.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The project is financially supported by the grant of Russian Science Foundation no. 23-28-00267 “The
Rise of the Social: Social terminology and Classifications in the Early Modern Intellectual Discourse”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: Heraldry

value: College of Arms

value: society

value: stratification

value: the Tudors

value: the Stuarts

value: England


dc.contributor.author

value: Sosnitsky, Dmitry A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sosnitsky D. А. Prominent Scientists in the Monumental Sculpture of Leningrad — Saint Petersburg. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 197–208. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.114 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the monuments to scientists and inventors installed in Leningrad and
modern St. Petersburg and their influence on shaping collective historical representations of
the past. On the basis of the analysis of reference literature and scholarship, a range of monuments
for the study was determined, which led to the conclusions about which new monuments
to scientists emerged in Soviet Leningrad and modern St. Petersburg more often and
in which periods in the history of the city. The article explores the history of installation of
some monuments with regard to both the mechanisms for developing the projects and the
implementation of competitive procedures. The paper also addresses the initiators and reasons
for the installation of a particular monument. The author comes to the conclusion that
the projects for the monuments are most often initiated by the state, and less often — by the
scientific community or some influential scientist. Business community rarely proposes to
erect a monument to a famous scientist. The article reveals that monuments to representatives
of the exact and natural sciences prevail over those to humanitarians, which can be attributed
to both the applied nature of the work of the former and to the perception of the latter as part
of the general pantheon of heroes of the national culture. A possible explanation for almost
complete absence of monuments to historians, philologists, and philosophers in monumental
sculpture may be due to the substitution of their role by monuments to writers and poets
erected in large numbers both in Soviet Leningrad and in modern St. Petersburg.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) № 22-78-00164 “Monumental
sculpture of St. Petersburg as a tool for constructing national memory”, head D. A. Sosnitsky.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: monumental sculpture

value: historical memory

value: scientists

value: St. Petersburg

value: M. V. Lomonosov

value: I. P. Pavlov


dc.contributor.author

value: Radulović, Milica

dc.identifier.citation

value: Radulović M. Historical Contextualisation of the Word Loyalty in the Discourse of the European Parliament. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 1, рp. 182–196. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.113

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is an analysis of the meaning of the word loyalty in the discourse of the
European Parliament. The European Parliamentary Assembly of the European Economic
Community and Euratom replaced the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel
Community. The European Parliament met for the first time in 1958, and initially had a
primarily consultative function. However, in the following years, its power increased, and the
Maastricht, Amsterdam and Lisbon Treaties transformed it into a legislative body. Together
with the Commission, the Council, and the Court of Justice, it forms the complex multi-,
inter- and supranational institutional framework of the European Union. Parliamentary
discourse can be defined as an argumentative communication genre characterised by official
аnd unofficial preconditions. This article examines how loyalty is defined and described in the
international parliamentary deliberative discourse with respect to various demands, values,
and interests. The research was based on 50 instances of the word loyalty taken from the
European Parliament Proceedings Parallel Corpus 1996‒2011, accessed through the web-based
system for corpus analysis CQPweb — Lancaster University. The article identifies six meanings
of the word loyalty in accordance with the co-text provided by the evidence of quotations and
examines the historical context of the development of the European Parliament. The aim of
the analysis is to show that a better understanding of the meaning of loyalty in the discourse
of the European Parliament depends on the historical contextualisation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The first version of the paper was presented at the international conference “Loyalty in Polyethnic
and National States” organised by the Institute of History of St. Petersburg University (St. Petersburg,
6–7 February 2023, the Russian Federation).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: historical context

value: loyalty

value: meaning

value: the European Parliament discourse

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Molin, Alexander E.

value: Blekanov, Ivan S.

value: Mitrofanov, Evgenii P.

value: Mitrofanova, Olga A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Molin A. E., Blekanov I. S., Mitrofanov E. P., Mitrofanova O. A. Synthetic data generation methods for training neural networks in the task of segmenting the level of crop nitrogen status in images of unmanned aerial vehicles in an agricultural field. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2024, vol. 20, iss. 1, pp. 20–33. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu10.2024.103 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This study is devoted to the automatization of the image masks’ construction of largesized
agricultural objects in precision farming tasks for training neural network methods
for crop’s nitrogen status analysis using georeferenced images. The scientific direction is
extremely relevant because it allows to automate and replace the manual process of data
labeling, significantly reducing the cost of preparing training samples. In the paper, four
new synthetic data generation methods are proposed for training neural networks aimed at UAV image segmentation by the level of crop nitrogen supply on an agricultural field. In
particular, the paper gives a description of synthetic data generation algorithms based on
nitrogen covering with lines, parabolas, and areas. Experiments were carried out to test and
evaluate the quality of these algorithms using eight modern image segmentation methods:
two classical machine learning methods (Random Forest and XGBoost), four convolutional
neural network methods based on U-Net architecture, and two transformers (TransUnet and
UnetR). The results showed that two algorithms based on areas gave the best accuracy
for convolutional neural networks and transformers — 98–100 %. Classical machine learning
methods showed very low values for all quality metrics — 27–44 %.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 20; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: nitrogen level segmentation

value: deep learning

value: machine learning

value: synthetic data generation

value: UAV images

value: remote sensing data labeling

value: smart agriculture


dc.contributor.author

value: Zhusubaliyev, Zhanybai T.

value: Sopuev, Ulanbek A.

value: Bushuev, Dmitry A.

value: Kucherov, Andrey S.

value: Abdirasulov, Aitibek Z.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zhusubaliyev Zh. T., Sopuev U. A., Bushuev D. A., Kucherov A. S., Abdirasulov A. Z. On bifurcations of chaotic attractors in a pulse width modulated control system. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2024, vol. 20, iss. 1, pp. 62–78. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu10.2024.106 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper discusses bifurcational phenomena in a control system with pulse-width modulation
of the first kind. We show that the transition from a regular dynamics to chaos occurs
in a sequence of classical supercritical period doubling and border collision bifurcations. As
a parameter is varied, one can observe a cascade of doubling of the cyclic chaotic intervals,
which are associated with homoclinic bifurcations of unstable periodic orbits. Such transition
are also refereed as merging bifurcation (known also as merging crisis). At the bifurcation
point, the unstable periodic orbit collides with some of the boundaries of a chaotic attractor
and as a result, the periodic orbit becomes a homoclinic. This condition we use for obtain
equations for bifurcation boundaries in the form of an explicit dependence on the parameters.
This allow us to determine the regions of stability for periodic orbits and domains of
the existence of four-, two- and one-band chaotic attractors in the parameter plane.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work of Zh. T. Zhusubaliyev was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the
Russian Federation within the scope of the “Implementation of the Strategic Academic Leadership program
Priority-2030” (1.73.23 П; 1.7.21/S-2; 1.7.21/4-24-7); U. A. Sopuev and A. Z. Abdirasulov were supported
by the Osh State University (grants N 14-22; №19-24). The work of D. A. Bushuev was supported within
the framework of the Program “Priority-2030” using equipment of High Technology Center of the Belgorod
State Technological University named after V. G. Shukhov.

value: piecewise smooth bimodal map

value: border collision bifurcations

value: homoclinic bifurcations of periodic orbits

value: merging bifurcation of a chaotic attractor

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Nguyen, Viet Hung

value: Tran, Nguyen Ngoc

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nguyen V. H., Tran N. N. Combining dynamic and static host intrusion detection features using variational long short-term memory recurrent autoencoder. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2024, vol. 20, iss. 1, pp. 34–51. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu10.2024.104

dc.description.abstract

value:
Despite the many advantages offered by Host Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDS), they are
rarely adopted in mainstream cybersecurity strategies. Unlike Network Intrusion Detection
Systems, a HIDS is the last layer of defence between potential attacks and the underlying
OSs. One of the main reasons behind this is its poor capabilities to adequately protect
against zero-day attacks. With the rising number of zero-day exploits and related attacks,
this is an increasingly imperative requirement for a modern HIDS. In this paper variational
long short-term memory — recurrent autoencoder approach which improves zero-day attack
detection is proposed. We have practically implemented our model using TensorFlow and
evaluated its performance using benchmark ADFA-LD and UNM datasets. We have also
compared the results against those from notable publications in the area.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 20; Issue 1

dc.subject

value: HIDS

value: anomaly detection

value: variational autoencoder

value: deep learning