dc.contributor.author

value: Pivovarova, Nadezhda V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pivovarova, Nadezhda. “The Extant Heritage of Monastic Culture of the 17th Century. On the History of the Creation of the Sacristy in the Holy Trinity and St Alexander Nevsky Monastery”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 12, no. 4 (2022): 708–723. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2022.408 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the monuments of church antiquity, which were stored in the Sacristy of
the Holy Trinity and St Alexander Nevsky Monastery. For the purpose to ascertain the structure
of the Sacristy the author of article used the oldest inventory of 1724 year and later inventories
of the 18th and 19th century. Basing on archival materials and several publications the
author establishes the facts of delivery of icons and church plates from the church eparchies
to St Petersburg since the first quarter of the 18th century. The subject of the special research
is the church plates of the 17th century from the three monasteries: of the Our Lady on the
Valday lake, of the Nativity of the Mother of God in Vladimir and the Dormition of Our Lady
of Sumy. The author focuses on the issues of the origin and the circumstances of arrival to the
Sacristy of the free sacred objects, such as the church cup of Patriarch Nikon (1652–1660),
the pall on the tomb of St Alexander Nevsky (circa 1697) and the prayer Gospel book (1681).
Attention is given to the inscriptions on the items. Some of them are read and published for
the first time.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 12; Issue 4

value: Sacristy

value: State Russian Museum

value: church plates

value: pall

value: Gospel

value: silver shrine

value: icon

value: iconography


dc.contributor.author

value: Aitova, Sofia N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aitova, Sofia. “The Image of a Saint through the Prism of Earthly Living: On the Compositional Role of a Saint in Icons with Vita Scenes in ‘Srednik’ in the Second Half of the 17th Century”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 12, no. 4 (2022): 612–627. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2022.403 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this article we take up a problem concerning the compositional and semantic role of the saint’s
image in the new vita (living) icons type, appeared in the 17th century in Old Rus’ (for example,
vita icon of the Saint John the Forerunner taking place in the iconostasis of the church of Elijah
the Prophet in Yaroslavl, beginning of the 1660s). Such an approach is unique except for Preobrazhenskii’s
article. This article is interdisciplinary in nature dealing with a problem of narration
inherent to the Christian art, of the relationship between icons and sociocultural tendencies in
the transitional period of the Late Middle Ages in Russia. This study allows to consider icons not
only in the context of Old Rus’ painting, but also like an expression of the universal functioning,
compositional structure and rhetoric of the image. Attention to the saint’s image, represented as
a “portrait”, is explained by the fact that the narrative cycle is placed in the saint’s zone. In the
traditional vita (living) icon a saint is placed in the central zone (“srednik”) being semantically
the same as the saint in the new type. The narrative cycle is placed on the border. Thus the saint in
the new icons’ type is regarded from the perspective of the earthly living. Through the Christian
history of image a saint’s “portrait” is often presented in some implicit narration even if there’s no
plot. In our article this effect is more intensified because of the focus on the earthly world occupying
almost all the composition. The painting technique called “life-likeness” (“zhivopodobie”)
also contribute to this effect. Moreover, we think that the saint’s image in these icons follows the
Stroganov school icons in the context of the transformations of the self-consciousness in the 17th
century.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: 17th century

value: vita (living) icon

value: hagiographic cycle

value: saint’s image

value: Saint John the Forerunner

value: self-consciousness

value: Stroganov icons

value: background in the icon

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Pourmahmoud, Sadaf

value: Afhami, Reza

value: Keshavarz Afshar, Mehdi

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pourmahmoud, Sadaf, Reza Afhami, and Mehdi Keshavarz Afshar. “Study of Sociological Components on the Evolution of Pottery in the Seljuk Period (5th to 6th Century AH)”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 12, no. 4 (2022): 666–681. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2022.406

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Seljuks, with their important role in Islamic civilization, spent two periods in their lives,
which paved the way for many changes and innovations in their art, especially pottery. The first
period is the era of their authority, which appeared in the Islamic world as an empire, and the second
period is the era of their disintegration, which paved the way for their downfall. The purpose
of this study is to investigate the developments of Seljuk society and how the social structure influences
the evolution of pottery in these two periods. With a sociological approach and basic research
and based on the nature and method of historical and descriptive-analytical, this research
discusses the general and comprehensive knowledge of the influential elements of society on the
pottery art of Seljuk period by using historical data through the collection of library documents
to enable the social conditions, innovations and trends of this art in the time frame. The result of
the research shows that artistic developments are always related to their social environment. The
results indicate that public access to art and the tendency to depict everyday and realistic subjects
after the growth of the middle class and factors such as urbanization, trade, economic status,
religious orientation of rulers, imposing their tastes on artists, and the emergence of realistic and
popular art among the middle class is one of the most important factors influencing the development
and evolution of pottery in the studied period.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 12; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Seljuk pottery

value: Seljuk society

value: rulers

value: social transformations

value: religion


dc.contributor.author

value: Petersen, Elena

value: Chudakova, Darya

value: Shabalina, Evgeniya

value: Shiryaev, Artem

value: Sukortseva, Nataliya

value: Zhemerikin, Gleb

value: Karalkin, Pavel

value: Reshetov, Igor

dc.identifier.citation

value: Petersen, E., Chudakova, D., Shabalina, E., Shiryaev, A., Sukortseva, N., Zhemerikin, G., Karalkin, P., and Reshetov, I. 2022. Biobanks as an important tool in modern translational oncology. Bio. Comm. 67(4): 301–311. https://doi. org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.405

dc.description.abstract

value:
The creation and use of biobanks is an actively growing field that plays an
important role in the development of many branches of biotechnology and
biomedicine, including oncology and translational medicine. In this review,
based on the analysis of more than 80 Russian and foreign publications, we
describe the current state of biobanking and its future perspectives. The
diversity of biobanking and the problems arising from it, including the limits
of applicability to different types of research, as well as the prospects for
development are discussed. The role of biobanks in the study of malignant
neoplasms, including rare/orphan diseases, and in the development of new
diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, personalised medicine and pre-clinical
screening studies, are highlighted.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This study was realized through
the support of the Applied Genetics
Resource Facility of MIPT (Support Grant
075-15-2021-684). Supported by grants
No. 18-15-00391-p and No. 21-15-00411
from the Russian Science Foundation and
Project No 730000F.99.1.BV10AA00006.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: biobank

value: biobanking

value: biotechnology

value: malignant tumors

value: translational medicine

value: personalised medicine

value: drug development

value: oncology


dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanov, Alexander

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanov, A. 2022. New ptyctodontid placoderm from the Famennian (Upper Devonian) of European Russia. Bio. Comm. 67(4): 247–252. https://doi. org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.401

dc.description.abstract

value:
Neruchella eichwaldi gen. et sp. nov. is erected on the basis of a head shield
found in the Famennian Lebedyanian Regional Stage of the Orel Region, Russia.
The new taxon differs from all known ptyctodontids, and is characterized by the
central plates in contact along the skull midline, the meeting of the sensory-line
canals on the centrals and the loss of the nuchal plate. The structures of the
head shields of two Famennian ptyctodontids Neruchella and Chelyophorus are
completely different from the general skull bone pattern of older ptyctodontid
taxa.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was partly supported by
the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,
project No. 20-05-00445а.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: new genus

value: Ptyctodontida

value: Placodermi

value: Famennian

value: Devonian

value: Russia

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Glotov, Oleg

value: Chernov, Alexandr

value: Fedyakov, Michael

value: Larionova, Valentina

value: Zaretsky, Andrey

value: Donnikov, Maksim

value: Glotov, Andrey

dc.identifier.citation

value: Glotov, O., Chernov, A., Fedyakov, M., Larionova, V., Zaretsky, A., Donnikov, M., and Glotov, A. 2022. Personalized medicine: the role of sequencing technologies in diagnostics, prediction and selection of treatment of monogenous and multifactorial diseases. Bio. Comm. 67(4): 266–285. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.403

dc.description.abstract

value:
The review highlights various methods for deciphering the nucleotide sequence
(sequencing) of nucleic acids and their importance for the implementation of
the three main principles of personalized medicine: prevention, predictability
and personalization. The review, along with its own practical examples, considers
three generations of sequencing technologies: 1) sequencing of cloned or
amplified DNA fragments according to Sanger and its analogues; 2) massive
parallel sequencing of DNA libraries with short reads (NGS); and 3) sequencing
of single molecules of DNA and RNA with long reads. The methods of whole genome,
whole exome, targeted, RNA sequencing and sequencing based on chromatin
immunoprecipitation are also discussed. The advantages and limitations
of the above methods for diagnosing monogenic and oncological diseases, as
well as for identifying risk factors and predicting the course of socially significant
multifactorial diseases are discussed. Using examples from clinical practice,
algorithms for the application and selection of sequencing technologies
are demonstrated. As a result of the use of sequencing technologies, it has now
become possible to determine the molecular mechanism of the development
of monogenic, orphan and multifactorial diseases, the knowledge of which
is necessary for personalized patient therapy. In science, these technologies
paved the way for international genome projects — the Human Genome Project,
the HapMap, 1000 Genomes Project, the Personalized Genome Project, etc.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Supported by the Ministry
of Science and Higher Education of
Russian Federation (project “Multicenter
research bioresource collection “Human
Reproductive Health” contract No. 075-
15-2021-1058 from September 28, 2021).
The reported study was funded by
Foundation for Scientific and Technological
Development of Yugra according to the
research project No. 2022-05-04.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: sequencing technologies

value: whole genome sequencing

value: whole exome sequencing

value: advantages

value: limitations

value: personalized medicine

value: human genomic projects

value: diagnostics

value: disease prediction

value: personalized therapy


dc.contributor.author

value: Poljanskaya, Galina

value: Bobkov, Danila

value: Koltsova, Anna

value: Musorina, Anastasia

value: Mikhailova, Natalia

dc.identifier.citation

value: Poljanskaya, G., Bobkov, D., Koltsova, A., Musorina, A., and Mikhailova, N. 2022. Creation, working principles, development of applied and fundamental scientific activities of the Collection of Cell Cultures of Vertebrates. Bio. Comm. 67(4): 312–330. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.406

dc.description.abstract

value:
The review presents the history of the creation of the “Collection of Cell Cultures
of Vertebrate” (CCCV), which has been in operation for over 40 years. The
working principles, comprising seven points and covering both the practical
and scientific activities of the CCCV, are discussed. Part of the review is aimed
at describing the amount of hands-on work associated with service delivery to
CCCV’s users representing various institutions in the Russian Federation. The
quantitative indicators presented are evidence of the active practical activity
of the CCCV. Another part of the review is dedicated to the CCCV’s many years
of scientific work. It consists of a description of the work in 6 scientific areas
throughout the lifetime of the CCCV. In conclusion, scientific and information
activities of the CCCV, and participation in various State programs are indicated.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: cell cultures

value: mesenchymal stem cells

value: matrix metalloproteinases

value: replicative senescence

value: karyotype

value: actin cytoskeleton

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Glotov, Andrey

value: Nasykhova, Yulia

value: Dvoynova, Natalya

value: Mikhailova, Anastasiia

value: Pachulia, Olga

value: Danilova, Maria

value: Tonyan, Ziravard

value: Barbitoff, Yury

value: Illarionov, Roman

value: Bespalova, Olesya

value: Baranov, Vladislav

value: Kogan, Igor

dc.identifier.citation

value: Glotov, A., Nasykhova, Y., Dvoynova, N., Mikhailova, A., Pachulia, O., Danilova, M., Tonyan, Z., Barbitoff, Y., Illarionov, R., Bespalova, O., Baranov, V., and Kogan, I. 2022. Prospects for biobanking in reproductive health: genetic aspects. Bio. Comm. 67(4): 286–300. https://doi. org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.404

dc.description.abstract

value:
Currently, one of the most promising areas of medicine is the development
and implementation of new biomedical technologies in the field of human reproduction
with the involvement of resources of biobanks and biocollections
as well as modern genetic technologies. In this review, we considered the key
dimensions of personalized medicine, such as biobanking and genomic medicine.
We illustrated crucial aspects in the organization of human bioresource
collections and the difficulties arising in the interaction of specialists in the field
of biobanking. Problems in obtaining informed consent and collecting personal
data are described. Furthermore, the need for creating and developing complex
information systems for storing, processing, and analyzing data, creating
genetic databases is emphasized. Foreign experience in consolidation of biobank
data and the results of genomic studies is summarized. We also describe
D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology’s experience
in creating collections of human biomaterials (today it contains more
than 60,000 samples, including samples of blood and its derivatives (plasma,
serum, whole blood), urine samples, placental tissue, cell cultures, DNA, RNA,
and others) and in quality management. The main results of genetic research
are provided. Experience in these studies served as the basis for the creation
of Biobank “Genofond” and the unique scientific facility “Human Reproductive
Health”. The principle of creation of the collection, its purpose, and objectives
for future research in the genetics of reproduction are described.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported
by the Ministry of Science and Higher
Education of the Russian Federation
(project “Multicenter research bioresource
collection” Human Reproductive Health”
contract No. 075-15-2021-1058 from
September 28, 2021). The study was
performed using large-scale research
facilities No. 3076082 “Human Reproductive
Health”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: biobank

value: reproduction

value: genomic medicine

value: personalized medicine

value: bioresource collections


dc.contributor.author

value: Kushnevskaya, Helena

value: Borovichev, Eugene

value: Shorohova, Ekaterina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kushnevskaya, H., Borovichev, E., and Shorohova, E. 2022. Epixylic diversity in an old-growth boreal forest is influenced by dynamic substrate attributes. Bio. Comm. 67(4): 253–265. https://doi. org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.402

dc.description.abstract

value:
Quantifying the factors influencing wood-inhabiting species in boreal forests is
crucial for better understanding of their ecology and conservation needs. We
estimated the influence of substrate attributes on epixylic diversity on logs of
Picea abies, Betula pubescens, B. pendula, Populus tremula and Pinus sylvestris in
a mixed European old-growth boreal forest with high substrate availability and
continuity. The number of species of different taxonomic and substrate groups
in respect of log attributes was estimated with generalized linear models. The
composition of epixylic communities was analysed using non-metric multidimensional
scaling with subsequent environmental fitting. Additionally, we calculated
species interaction networks of log (tree) species and epixylic plants
and lichens. Species richness per log decreased with the increasing height
above the ground and increased with the increasing amount of accumulated
litter. True epixylics were the most sensitive to a log position above the ground.
Aspen and conifer logs harbored the highest richness of rare species of lichens
and liverworts. Birch logs hosted mainly species with wide substrate amplitude.
The whole epixylic community specialization index decreased in the order lichens,
liverworts, mosses, vascular plants. Tree species identity and associated
attributes (bark cover, pH, etc.) as well as ‘dynamic’ attributes (accumulation of
litter, wood decomposition and time since tree death) influenced the total species
number, their taxonomic diversity, and the composition of epixylic communities.
Our results indicate the importance of wood of various age and tree
species for the conservation of epixylic diversity in boreal forests.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Data collection and analysis
were supported by the Russian Science
Foundation (15-14-10023). The manuscript
preparation was financed under the State
Research Programs of Forest Research
Institute of the Karelian Research Centre,
Russian Academy of Sciences and Institute
of North Industrial Ecology Problems of the
Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of
Sciences.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: epixylic community

value: bryophytes

value: lichens

value: dead wood

value: coarse woody debris

value: decomposition

value: bark

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Abramson, Nataliya

value: Petrova, Tatyana

value: Dokuchaev, Nikolai

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abramson, N., Petrova, T., and Dokuchaev, N. 2022. Analysis of “historical” DNA of museum samples resolve taxonomic, nomenclature and biogeography issues: case study of true lemmings. Bio. Comm. 67(4): 340–348. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.408

dc.description.abstract

value:
Historical DNA of museum specimens is of paramount importance in elucidation
of complex nomenclature issues and a priceless source of material gathered
during preceding centuries in hardly accessible today sites. Here we report
the results of genotyping type specimens of Lemmus obensis bungei Vinogradov,
1925 from the collection of the Zoological Institute RAS and specimens of lemmings
from the upper streams of the Omolon River, identified as L. amurensis
from the collection of the Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian
branch of RAS. The genetic profile of the type specimens in the first case
was crucial for the nomenclatural solution as these specimens are from the
point of the major evolutionary divergence on the Lena River. The results of the
study convincingly showed that the lectotype belong to the eastern mitochondrial
lineage of L. sibiricus. Therefore, if ever in the further studies it would be
conclusively shown that this mitochondrial lineage may become a valid taxon of
any rank, then names “novosibiricus”, “ognevi”, “portenkoi” will become younger
synonyms of “bungei”. The new obtained sequences of the specimens from the
Omolon prove initially wrong assignment and represent L. sibiricus eastern lineage.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This study was supported by
Ministry of Science and Higher Education of
the Russian Federation (Grant No. 075-15-
2021-1069).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Biological Сommunications;Volume 67; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: historical DNA

value: collection samples

value: Lemmus

value: type specimens

value: cytochrome b

value: species identification


dc.contributor.author

value: Abramov, Alexei

value: Voyta, Leonid

value: Kijashko, Pavel

dc.identifier.citation

value: Abramov, A., Voyta, L., and Kijashko, P. 2022. Scientific collections of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg. Bio. Comm. 67(4): 331–339. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2022.407

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St Petersburg
is one of the oldest biological research institutions in Russia, housing the largest
zoological collections in the country, both in terms of their size (number
of specimens) and global diversity. It is also one of the largest zoological depositories
in the world, with over 60 million specimens in its stores. In total, the
Zoological Institute holds about 260,000 animal species, about a quarter of the
world’s known diversity. The type collection includes several tens of hundreds
of primary types, which are very important as the essential foundation for zoological
nomenclature. The digitisation of scientific collections now plays an important
role in ensuring the standardised accumulation and use of various data
sets, as well as quick access to stored information. The digitised scientific collections
of the Zoological Institute are published online for the public access. To
date they have accumulated 146,695 taxa records and over 13,000 high quality
images of invertebrate and vertebrate specimens and their original data labels.
The Zoological Institute is not only a depository of animal specimens important
for biodiversity inventories and studies, but also a unique bank of genetic resources
of extant/extinct animals which can be studied using modern genetic
technologies.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: zoological collections

value: biodiversity

value: taxonomy

value: digitization

value: genetic researches


dc.contributor.author

value: Vekshina, Ekaterina

value: Michajlova, Irina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vekshina E., Michajlova I. Is it worth multiplying translation multiplicity? From the experience of working on a new translation of Multatuli’s Max Havelaar. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 288–300.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is written within the framework of a relatively new trend in translation
studies — the study of translation multiplicity (or, in other terminology, re-translation)
of fiction. It uses Multatuli’s Max Havelaar (pseudonym of Eduard Douwes Dekker
(1820–1887)) as its research material. It is an anti-colonial novel with autobiographical
elements that opened Dutch readers’ eyes to the real state of affairs in the Dutch East
Indies. These days, Max Havelaar is enjoying a worldwide surge in popularity: between
2017 and 2022, its new translations and retranslations have been published in twelve
languages, including English, French and Azerbaijani. The authors of this article, who
were involved in creating a new Russian translation (the planned year of publication is
2022), analyse the work of their predecessors — the previous seven Russian editions of
the novel, which were published from 1916 to 1959. The analysis leads to the conclusion
that the previous Russian versions of Max Havelaar do not meet the modern norms
of translation (in the terminology of G. Toury), since all the 20th-century translations
of the novel were made not from the Dutch original, but from a German translation,
which had been made from the abridged edition of 1871, and not from the full author’s
version of 1875–1881. These translations are full of literalisms that do not take into
account the context; they contain errors in understanding the author’s text and are unnecessarily
difficult to understand. This is why there is a need for a new, modern Russian
version, which will allow Russian readers to appreciate Multatuli’s famous book at
its true value. The differences in translation strategies in the 20th and 21st centuries are
listed and relevant examples are given.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 20; Issue 2

value: translation multiplicity

value: translation plurality

value: re-translation

value: Multatuli

value: E. D. Dekker

value: Max Havelaar

value: speaking (meaningful) names

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lomagina, Anastasia

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lomagina A. Johannes V. Jensens ekphrasis in “The King’s Fall” as “interference”. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 346–356. (In Danish)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes an example of ekphrasis from the novel “The King’s Fall”
(1901) by Danish Nobel prize-winner Johannes V. Jensen as a space of interaction between
visualization strategy and rhythmic organization of prose. The idea of “interference”
as a principle of mutual influence of waves in Physics is dear to the writer at this
early stage of his career and is present in the title of the poem in prose from 1901. His
turn-of-the-century poems and prose often combine high and low, emptiness and fullness,
and different kinds of media. As a historical novel describing the epoch of the 16th
century, “The King’s Fall” borrows the pictorial features and structural principles of
Baroque painting as well as the essential ideas of the epoch’s memento mori, reflected
in the paintings of H. Holbein, P. Bruegel the elder and still-lifes of Flemish and Dutch
masters from the Vanitas series. The ekphrasis under consideration is presented as a
piece of memory unfolding before the eyes of an observer, as a painting from the epoch
with its frame, light, perspective, horizon line, colours and viewer. Furthermore, thanks
to rhythmicity, repeated syntactic, lexical groups and alliteration, the focus shifts to the
creative act, betraying the presence of the creator and the narrator.

dc.language.iso

value: other

dc.subject

value: Johannes V. Jensen

value: ekphrasis

value: The King’s Fall

value: Danish Modernism

value: Baroque

value: Vanitas


dc.contributor.author

value: Voskresenskaya, Marina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Voskresenskaya M. A. (2022). Historical information in the modern Russian press: Languages of representation. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 288–308. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.401 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the languages of media representation of history, which are understood
as approaches to the presentation of historical information found in the modern Russian periodical
press. An original classification of such approaches is proposed, including scientific,
quasi-scientific, extra-scientific, pseudoscientific languages of representation. Each of them,
as a set of means of expressing thought and its design in the media text, is subjected to a comprehensive
analysis using linguistic, typological, intentional, comparative, contextual components
in order to assess the degree of their reliance on a scientific and historical basis. The
need for such an analysis is caused by the fact that the media discourse of history is not limited
to the popularization of scientific historical knowledge, but the criterion for the reliability of
historical information transmitted through the media is its scientific validity, regardless of the
external form of representation. The objectives of the study were not to clarify the ideological
positions or historiographical versions presented in the analyzed texts. The work focuses on
the media presentation of historical information, primarily on the author’s intentions, style of
presentation and the nature of argumentation in the comprehension and explanation of data.
The material for the study was selected publications on the topic of history from the current
Russian periodical press (February — April 2022). The dependence of the characteristics of
the language of representation on the type of publication, the professional status of the author
of the publication, the motives of his appeal to history and a number of other factors is shown.
It is concluded that in practice a single approach in its full-scale format is rarely used. As a
rule, in the media text it is possible to identify elements of various languages of the representation
of history in various combinations with the dominance of the general journalistic style
of presentation.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: media discourse of history

value: scientific historical knowledge

value: media representation languages

value: media text

value: periodicals


dc.contributor.author

value: Rysakova, Polina I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rysakova P. I. (2022). Strategies for scientific popularization in the digital media environment. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 309–329. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.402 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The proposed article is devoted to the analysis of the characteristic features of popular science
communication in the digital media environment. The current models of scientific communication
are analyzed, the key trends of modern society are identified — mediatization and
digitalization, which set the specifics of scientific popularization today. The mediatized forms
of science communication testify to the unfolding process of mediatization of science — the
growing involvement of media communications in the implementation of scientific activities.
The mediatization of science also has its own specifics, which, in particular, is manifested in the
growing convergence of the spheres of science and politics. Such politicization of science sets
the features of mediatization, which covers the field of scientific activity very unevenly. Those
areas of scientific knowledge that are politically in demand are subjected to mediatization to a
greater extent. The politicization of science, which is unfolding along with mediatization, makes
it possible to identify a similarity between political and scientific communications. The digital
media environment of science communications is largely built in a similar way with the space of
political communications. It is characterized by polarization and differentiation of the audience. The acceptance of scientific communication is largely determined not by the quality of scientific
content, but by the cognitive and value attitudes of users. The principal feature of digital media
architecture is its dual nature, which allows it to be equally used both for the dissemination of
scientific information and its refutation and approval of false information. Under these conditions,
strategies for effective science communication may include measures aimed at increasing
the media literacy of the audience, the flexible use of media framing of scientific knowledge,
aimed at expanding the audience of science communication and overcoming prejudices regarding
new scientific achievements.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 22-18-00184).

dc.subject

value: popularization of science

value: politicization of science

value: digital communication

value: science communication

value: mediatization

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Naiditch, Larissa

dc.identifier.citation

value: Naiditch L. Palatal consonants in the Mennonite dialect Plautdietch in the light of the development typology of the Ingvaeonic consonantism. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 245–268.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper deals with the system of palatal consonants: /t’/, /d’/, /n’/ in Low German,
Prussian dialects of the Mennonites. This dialect was used in the “language islands”
of the Ukraine and of several other regions of the Russian state and is today
common in the Mennonite communities all around the world: Canada, USA, South
America, Germany, Siberia and the Altai region. The research is based on the recent
records of these dialects as well as on the data from the dialectal archive of Viktor
Schirmunski (Žirmunskij) in St Petersburg. The rendering of the palatal consonants
in the questionnaires in this archive by the dialect speakers in 1920s is examined. The
palatalization of consonants in Plautdietch is considered from the background of the
palatalizations and assibilations in the Ingvaeonic branch of West Germanic languages.
It is emphasized that the palatalization is one of the characteristic phenomena of the
Ingvaeonic languages, which can manifest itself in different periods of their history.
Thus the development of the palatal consonants can be considered in the framework
of genetically related languages’ typology. It is known that the palatalization of [k] and
[g] occurred in Old English before and after front vowels. In Frisian, palatalization was
followed by assibilation. In Dutch, palatalization is observed in the diminutive suffix.
Palatalization in a number of Low German dialects occurred as well and was followed
by zetacism. Thus the palatalizaion reflects internal trends in the development of the
dialects of some West Germanic languages, namely those of the Ingvaeonic group. It
is probably an intermediate stage preceding assibilation and affrication of consonants. In some cases it remains in the modern language in its initial state, as is the case in the
Mennonite dialect of the Plautdietch.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Mennonite dialect Plautdietch

value: dialectal archive of V. M. Žirmunskij

value: palatalization of consonants

value: Ingvaeonic group of West Germanic languages

value: development typology of genetically related languages


dc.contributor.author

value: Yuriev, Andrey

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yuriev A. A. Ibsen, Blok and Russian revolution (on connections between the poem The Twelve and the double-drama Emperor and Galilean). Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 357–371.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with relations between Alexandr Blok’s poem The Twelve (1918)
and Henrik Ibsen’s “world-historical drama” Emperor and Galilean (1873). Proceeding
from the Christian paradoxical discourse after the Norwegian playwright, the
poet radicalizes it so much that the bounds of traditional Christian worldview are
broken down. In the poem, one can notice a rather complex indirect connection with
the paradoxical discourse of both Dostoevsky (whose Christian identity is difficult to
question) and Ibsen, especially beloved by Blok, in whose system of views it is important
to notice the Lutheran dominant, implicitly referring to some Gnostic views that
have quite logically been actualized in European culture of the last two centuries. The
similarity between works so different, at first glance, as The Twelve and Ibsen’s double-
drama, deserves attention: in both cases, Christ appears ghostly, not in the flesh,
in Blok — invisible to all the characters, in Ibsen — as visible only to very few. In both
cases, he brings retribution — a theme equally important both in Ibsen’s work and in
Blok’s poem. Both the Norwegian playwright and the Russian symbolist poet interpret
world history from the standpoint of religious and metaphysical paradoxicalism.
Ibsen’s hero who renounced Christ begins the most brutal, bloody persecution of the
Christian Church in order to destroy Christianity (Blok’s Red Guards shooting at
both “Holy Russia” and the invisible Christ for them create a kind of parallel for him
in this case), but achieves the goal opposite to his intentions — he cleanses Christianity
and thereby saves it. The same can be said about Ibsen’s Julian that was said by
Blok about the Red Guard — this is “water” to the mill of the Christian church. We
do not know whether Blok think of Emperor and Galilean when working at his poem,
but the parallels are obvious and remarkable.

value: Ibsen

value: Emperor and Galilean

value: Blok

value: The Twelve

value: Norwegian literature

value: Russian literature

value: Russian revolution


dc.contributor.author

value: Shesterina, Alla M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shesterina А. М. (2022). Updating means metaprograms in the titles of audiovisual mediacontent in popular science sector of video blogging. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 404–413. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.407 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Trends in mediatization of various spheres of our life, accompanied by an increase in audience
interest in video content, make the problem of studying the latter from the standpoint of
the effectiveness of its participation in the process of internalization of scientific knowledge
relevant. This process is complicated by such features of the network environment as the low
level of professionalism of a number of authors, the active process of spreading pseudoscientific
information, and the highly competitive nature of relations between bloggers in the
network space. The first two problems are being overcome by bloggers as researchers note the
professionalization of the blogosphere. The last problem is solved by the authors themselves
inside the materials. To solve it, bloggers often resort to updating the key meta-programs that
dominate the modern media field. The article analyzes the verbal means of emphasizing these
programs in the Russian-language sector of popular science video blogging. Based on the
analysis of the verbal level of the releases of the most popular YouTube channels, a conclusion
is made about the frequency of occurrence of each of these meta-programs in the structure
of the media text. The fact of the dependence of the degree of popularity of the metaprogram
on the scientific sphere, which is the subject of the narration, is established. The conclusion
is made about the dominance of the metaprogram “values” as the most appropriate for this
sector of media. It is concluded that in a situation where scrolling is the basis of the user’s
information behavior on the network, it is the titles of the videos (along with the preview)
that stimulate the viewer’s interest, and metaprograms play an important role in this process.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 4

value: social media

value: video blogging

value: metaprograms

value: submodalities

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz

value: Rychło, Mikołaj

dc.identifier.citation

value: Witczak K. T., Rychło M. Soot in the Saami and Germanic languages. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 269–287.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper examines the Scandinavian terminology for ‘soot’ in connection with
a number of Saami appellatives with a view to deciding which of them are native and
which result from borrowing. Special attention is paid to the problem of adopting
loanwords in Northern Europe, especially in the Scandinavian Peninsula. Two Proto-
Germanic words denoting ‘soot’ are discussed from the morphological and etymological
point of view. It is suggested that the West Germanic noun *hrōta- m./n. ‘soot’ is
closely related to PG. *sōta- n. ‘soot’, which, in turn, is derived from the Proto-Indo-
European verbal root *sed- ‘to sit’. The present authors intend to demonstrate that WG.
*hrōta- derives from the Indo-European archetype *ku̯u-sōdo- ‘bad soot; thick layer of
soot’, originally ‘what a soot!’. The original semantic distinction between PG. *sōta- and
WG. *hrōta- seems to be preserved in the use of two independent Saamic loanwords,
cf. Saa.N suohtti ‘soot (in the chimney)’ and ruohtti ‘big layer of soot’. The remaining
Northern Saami words under analysis include čađđa ‘charcoal, soot’ (< Proto-Saamic
*će̮δe̮ ‘carbon, charcoal, soot, grime’ < Ur. *ćüδ́i ‘coal, charcoal’), giehpa ‘soot’ (< PSaa.
*kēpe̮ ‘id.’, probably a Proto-Baltic loanword) and gožu ~ gohčču- ‘soot, layer of soot,
deposit of smoke or soot on things near a fireplace’ (< PSaa. *kočɔ̄j ‘soot’). Establishing
the etymologies of this rich Saami terminology concerning ‘soot’ is significant to the gradual change of Saami lifestyle from a nomadic hunter-gatherer one towards a nonperipatetic
community reliant on farming, animal husbandry and fishing.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The present article is part of a research project entitled Prehistoric Contacts between
Indo-European and Uralic, financed by the scholarly development fund of the
Faculty of Philology, University of Lodz.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: diachronic morphology

value: etymology

value: Finno-Ugric languages

value: Germanic-Saami relations

value: Indo-European languages

value: language contact

value: lexical borrowings

value: Norwegian

value: Old Norse

value: Proto-Germanic

value: Proto-Uralic

value: Saami

value: Scandivanian peoples

value: Swedish

value: word-formation


dc.contributor.author

value: Astakhova, Ekaterina

value: Yakovleva, Alexandra

dc.identifier.citation

value: Astakhova E., Yakovleva A. National-geographical stereotypes, or “The Dutch reflected by the mirror of the Russian soul”. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 227–244.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In modern Russia, with the current level of integration, international trade and
the blurring of information borders, the culture of the Netherlands was bound to leave
traces in the language in the form of a number of recognizable combinations and cliches.
This study focuses on the description of lexicographically fixed combinations and
attributive from the Internet including the adjectives нидерландский [Netherlandish]
and голландский [Dutch] in order to supplement and expand the description of the
stereotypical idea of the Dutch in Russia today, as well as to conclude about the presence/
absence of a certain image of the inhabitants of the Netherlands in the Russianspeaking
space and/or any stereotypical idea about this country. The national character
should be understood as a fragment of the linguistic picture of the world, reconstructed
on the basis of linguistic data and stereotypes reflected in culture. Due to historical reasons,
but also due to the articulatory complexity, the adjective нидерландский [Netherlandish]
has not become widely used in the Russian language. Two types of syntagmas
with the adjective голландский [Dutch] were found in the Russian language — with the
definition being in the preposition and with the definition located in the postposition.
At the moment there is no definite idea of the Dutch as a nation either in the Russian
language or on the Russian-language Internet. There are a number of historical expressions and combinations that do not reflect the modern national character of the Dutch.
A small number of syntagmas on the topic of economics and finance, where the Dutch
appear to be practical, calculating people, as well as on the topic of health, showing
them as liberated and free people, in general, corresponds to the image of the Dutch in
other countries, but is not sufficient. The image of the Netherlands as a country in the
Russian-speaking field is more stable and objective. In the analyzed expressions, the
Netherlands is reflected as a country of artists, navigators and builders of red brick, a
country with developed agriculture, simple, unpretentious cuisine, as well as modern
trends in architecture and design.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Dutch

value: stereotype

value: national character

value: semantics

value: co-occurrence

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gekht, Anton

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gekht A. Prince Eugene of Sweden. A painter’s brief biography. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 402–410.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article tells about the main stages of the biography of the famous Scandinavian
painter Prince Eugene, a representative of the Bernadotte dynasty, who left a noticeable
mark on the history of Swedish culture. Having no prospects of ever taking the royal
throne, Eugene, after receiving the traditional upbringing and education for the heir to
the throne, devoted himself to the study of painting. Having experienced the serious
influence of the French Impressionist masters of the last third of the 19th century during
his studies in Paris, he worked fruitfully in various genres for a long time, leaving an
extensive creative legacy: his brush owns not only numerous canvases presented both
in leading museums in Sweden and world-class collections (the British Museum, the
Metropolitan Museum), but also monuments of monumental painting — in particular,
frescoes in the Stockholm City Hall and the Royal Drama Theater. The activity of
Prince Eugene as a representative of the Swedish royal court during the period on the
eve of the dissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian union is a significant research interest.
Prince Eugene made certain efforts to preserve the unity of Sweden and Norway
by popularizing such ideas in the Norwegian creative environment, where he had wide
acquaintances and a certain popularity and was even proposed by such famous figures
of Norwegian culture as K. Hamsun and B. Bjornson as a possible candidate for the
role of king of Norway. The prince-artist is also noteworthy as a public figure who held
anti-Nazi positions during the period before and during World War II: he not only
condemned the policies of the Third Reich, but also criticized Swedish public figures
who expressed sympathy for the actions of the Nazi regime in Germany. Nowadays,
the extensive creative heritage of Prince Eugene is on display in the collection of the
art museum located in his estate Waldemarsudde in Stockholm, where he lived and
worked for most of his life and where he was buried after his death.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Swedish-Norwegian Union

value: history of Swedish culture

value: Swedish painting

value: Prince Eugene

value: Waldemarsudde


dc.contributor.author

value: Volkova, Evgeniya V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Volkova E. V. (2022). Communicative behavior of a professional language personality of a doctor in a media discourse (based on the material of television programs about health). Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 369–392. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.405 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper is devoted to the study of the specifics of the communicative behavior of a doctor’s
professional linguistic personality in the media discourse. The relevance of the work is
determined by the need for a systematic linguistic study of professional communication in
new media-discursive conditions, as well as insufficient knowledge of the implementation of
the professional linguistic personality of a doctor in the aspect of mediatization of medical
discourse. The object of the study is the professional communication of a doctor in the media
discourse. The subject of the study is the contexts of a medical TV program, representing the
communicative behavior of a doctor’s PNL. The purpose of the study is to identify the discursive
specifics of the communicative behavior of the professional language personality of a
doctor in a television program about health. The research methodology was discourse analysis,
on the basis of which the parameters for describing the doctor’s communicative behavior
in the media discourse were determined. The features of doctor’s media communication in
telediscourse are revealed taking into account the goals of professional activity and within the
framework of the status-role culture of the profession, the processes of transformation of strategic
planning of doctor’s communication are analyzed, the hierarchy of the communicative
goals of a medical worker in television programs about health is determined. The discursive
specificity of the doctor’s communicative behavior in television discourse is characterized.
It has been established that the professional linguistic personality of a doctor in the media
discourse is a special type of professional linguistic personality that functions in the media
environment and is formed by a complex of social and communicative roles of a representative
of the medical community and status in the media space.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 4

value: media discourse

value: medical discourse

value: professional language personality

value: medical communication

value: communicative behavior


dc.contributor.author

value: Lisovskaya, Polina

value: Naumova, Antonina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lisovskaya P. A., Naumova A. S. The clash between the sinister and the sublime in Strindberg’s The Father and Miss Julie. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 328–345.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with naturalistic dramas by August Strindberg from the 1880s,
namely his famous The Father and Miss Julie. Special attention is given to their stage
history in different countries throughout the past century. The authors examine The
Father and Miss Julie through the lens of how various ostents of the sinister and the sublime
manifest themselves through the fabric of the playwright’s renowned plays from
the pre-Inferno period. The two dramas are put in the wide context of Strindberg’s
oeuvre where the opposition of low and higher appetences within a human being are
often rendered as the clash between the feminine and the masculine. In addition to
the above, the article draws attention to the ways of how the two dramas by Strindberg
were received in Russia at the turn of the 20th century, especially by the Russian
symbolist Alexander Blok. In addition to that the article includes valuable material on
a number of theatre productions of The Father and Miss Julie as well on the reviews of
some productions. In order to draw their conclusions the authors examine thoroughly
the main characters of the plays. Thus, it becomes obvious that throughout the decades
the Captain and miss Julie could be interpreted quite differently both by the scholars
and by the directors. In a essayistic manner the article touches upon the question of the
nature of Strindberg’s rampageous concern with the strife between the sexes as well as
upon his so called misogyny.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Swedish literature

value: August Strindberg

value: naturalistic drama

value: modernism in theatre

value: Ibsen

value: misogyny

value: gender equality

value: Alexander Blok

value: Russian symbolism

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kumukova, Dzhamilya

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kumukova D. D. Strindberg’s A Dream Play and Gumilyov’s Allah’s Child. A mystery plot. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 311–327.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Тhe article explores the issue of implementation of a mystery plot in the dramaturgy
of the turn of 19th–20th centuries. Within the aspect of the given topic, two plays
are considered — A. Strindberg’s drama A Dream Play, and N. S. Gumilyov’s fairy tale
Allah’s Child. It is an attempt to demonstrate that in these works one can find the same
plotline, which can be traced back to the myth of Persephone. With various interpretations
still around as to the content of the ancient Greek mystery, is can generally be acknowledged
that the myth comprised the foundation of the sacred action at Eleusis; the
debate only concerns its “stage” adaptation. At the turn of 19th–20th centuries, the story
of Persephone is already creating its own, new myth about the trials of a wandering soul
on the path of knowledge. In Strindberg’s and Gumilyov’s plays, the soul (Persephone)
is played by a divine being: in A Dream Play it is the daughter of god Indra of ancient
Indian mythology, and in Allah’s Child it is the daughter of a god from the mythology
of peoples of Central and Minor Asia. Both heroines go through a hard path of earthly
sorrows, and in the denouement return to the divine world. This plot structure, which
mirrors the development of an ancient mystery, both playwrights — Swedish and Russian
— introduce the Poet as a character. In both A Dream Play and Allah’s Child the
Poet becomes an intermediary between the earthly and divine lives, bridging the gap
between those worlds, and, in essence, acting as Dionysus. The general trend, whereby
the dramaturgy of “the turn” looked back to ancient mythology, speaks to the ongoing
process of myth structuring, as it acquires new meaningful layers.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: drama

value: Strindberg

value: Gumilyov

value: A Dream Play

value: Allah’s Child

value: mystery

value: myth

value: poet


dc.contributor.author

value: Dorofeeva, Elena

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dorofeeva E. A. The history of the creation and publication of the first complete translation of the Elder Edda: To the 140th anniversary of the birth of S. A. Sviridova (Sviridenko). Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 411–423.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the main works of the poet and translator Sofya Alexandrovna
Sviridova (1882 — not earlier than 1928, pseudonyms S. Sviridenko, G. Sviridova),
first of all, the history of the creation and first publication of the first complete
translation into Russian of the Elder Edda (1910, 1st volume published in 1917), in a
manuscript awarded the Academic Prize of M. N. Akhmatov. Archival materials found
by the author of the publication shed light on some episodes from Sviridova’s biography,
including the years of her studies at the St Petersburg Higher Women’s (Bestuzhev)
Courses. The article deals with the episodes that influenced the life and creative destiny
of Sophia Sviridova, such as, for example, acquaintance with Professor F. A. Brown, who
became her teacher and then chief reviewer, collaborated with A. Blok, who systematically
gave the translator a job at the “World Literature” publishing house. Particular
attention is paid to the description of the second volume of the complete translation
of the Old Norse epic Elder Edda, which to this day remains in the manuscript and
is stored in the archive of the publisher M. V. Sabashnikov. This study can serve as a
theoretical basis for the publication of the second volume of the translation of the Elder
Edda by S. Sviridenko (Sviridova), or the publication of the entire work in one book —
this is exactly how it seemed logical and correct to the translator herself. Hopefully
some other works from the rich literary heritage of S. A. Sviridova will be published in
the future.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Sofia Sviridenko

value: Sofia Sviridova

value: Elder Edda

value: Old Icelandic songs about gods and heroes

value: Scandinavian mythology

value: translations of the Edda

value: Fyodor Aleksandrovich Brown

value: Bestuzhev Courses

value: Mikhail Vasilievich Sabashnikov


dc.contributor.author

value: Ermakova, Olga

value: Taratonkina, Irina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ermakova O., Taratonkina I. Time and space in Sigbjørn Obstfelder’s prose poetry. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 301–310.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article dwells upon the time and space in Sigbjørn Obstfelder’s prose poetry.
The genre of prose poetry came to Scandinavia at the end of the 19th century, on the
peak of the French symbolism popularity. The strong influence of the French symbolist
Charles Baudelaire is obvious in Obstfelder’s works. The most significant feature that
defines the chronotope of Obstfelder’s poems is opposition between man and nature.
By a person the author means not a lyrical hero but other people, the whole society,
the essence of which can be described as “the abode of many people”. “Other people”
are synonymous with the concept of “city”, and this chronotope is clearly seen in many
of his poems. The poet describes both nature and city in details and the chaos of the
city extremely contrasts with the rich and harmonious life of nature. The opposition
of harmony and chaos, sincerity and alienation is emphasized by the contrast between
the sounds of nature and the city: between weeping, sobbing, screaming, roaring and
the sound of drops, the rustling of leaves and the singing of birds. Despite the beauty
and harmony of nature the lyrical hero still cannot exist outside the city for a long time.
Perhaps he can exist only in a borderline state — between people and nature, harmony
and chaos, trying to combine, unite in the mind both worlds, but staying alone in both
of them. The common feature of all his prose poems is transition and border crossing
and it can explain the originality of Obstfelder’s prose poems.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Sigbjørn Obstfelder

value: Scandinavian modernism

value: prose poetry

value: time and space

value: chronotope

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Khubetcova, Zalina F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khubetcova Z. F. (2022). The media language as an object of journalism science: To the history of the formation of St Petersburg media linguistics scientific school. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 330–354. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.403 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the history of Soviet journalism science and the isolation of the mass
media language research industry in it. The purpose of the study is to identify the national and
cultural specificity of the Russian science of journalism and to popularize its achievements.
Based on a comparative analysis of the European, American and Soviet models of the journalism
science, it was proved that the important factors in the development of global science
was the exchange of research practices both between scientists from different countries and
between generations of researchers within the same state. The importance of the personal factor
in determining the professional ideology of the science of journalism and its disciplinary
structure was established. When addressing of the disciplinary affiliation of media linguistics
as a theoretical and methodological basis for speech phenomena of mass communication
studying, it was noted that the attribution of media language research to the subject field of
journalism theory can be considered the specifics of the national model of science on journalism.
Using the example of the history of the development of the Leningrad Scientific and
Educational School of Journalism, it was shown that the reproduction of research personnel
of narrow media linguistic specialization took place at Leningrad University with specialists
with classical philological education. Unique practices of studying media texts in Department
of Stylistics and Editing of the Faculty of Journalism of Leningrad State University have developed, as a result of the implementation of an experiment at the university to develop methods
for teaching and studying the language of the specialty.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: media linguistics

value: history of science

value: theory of journalism

value: St Petersburg School of Journalism and Mass Communications


dc.contributor.author

value: Bondar, Igor

value: Lenkova, Ekaterina

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bondar I. A., Lenkova E. N. Analysis and semantic interpretation of the Scandinavian ornament of the new early medieval war axe of the Volga-Kama type from the southern part of Republic of Moldova. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 372–401.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This study is devoted to the full-fledged introduction into scientific circulation of a
unique early medieval iron war hatchet inlayed with silver originating from the southern
steppe zone of the Dniester-Prut interfluve of present-day territory of Republic of Moldova.
The ornamented battle axe of 10th–11th centuries was found near the village of Răzeni.
The type of form of war axe from Răzeni is similar to type of war axes originated in the
Middle Volga region, where there was a tradition of making similar ornamented war axes
of this type. The main feature of the war ax from Răzeni is the Scandinavian ornament in
Ringerike style. The semantics analysis of the ornamented motif and its interpretation —
is one of the main tasks of this research work of the description and introduction of the
unique find into scientific circulation. The image is interpreted as the tree of life Yggdrasil
sprouting from the deck of the boat, which is worshiped by an anthropomorphic figure
interpreted as a Viking. The present scientific work has widely direct and indirect analogies
of Scandinavian origin from the Bronze to the Viking Age. The methodology of this
research includes a deep and extensive comparative analysis of the motif elements on the
surface of the war hatchet. The work makes a deep structural and semantic analysis in
the broad context of ancient Germanic sources and previous scientific research on the
worldview of the Vikings, reflected in their mythopoetic and mythological concepts and
traditions. The ceremonial-battle axe from Răzeni was presumably made and ornamented
in the Volga Bulgaria by order of a Viking-man, and then got in the borderland of Ancient
Rus in the area of the Bugeac steppe of the Dniester-Prut interfluve of territory of
present-day Republic of Moldova. The ceremonial-battle axe could have been brought in
Bugeac steppe of the Dniester-Prut interfluve by means of circulation the international
water arteries “from the Varangians to the Persians” along the Volga river, and “from the Varangians to the Greeks” along the Dniester river. The uniqueness of the ornamented war
hatchet from Republic of Moldova is due to the fact that it is the first find of this type of
axes in the Dniester-Prut interfluve of modern Republic of Moldova, and this axe no have
direct analogies in eastern Europe. The early medieval ceremonial battle axe decorated
with silver, contain the image of Old Norse cosmogonic representations in a stylized motif
form on the surface of the hatchet. The unique item that captures the combination and
interaction of different cultures at the junction of their intersection in the Medieval world.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 20; Issue 2

value: Republic of Moldova

value: Dniester-Prut interfluve

value: Bugeac steppe

value: Răzeni village

value: Rus’

value: Scandinavia

value: Volga Bulgaria

value: Viking Age

value: early Middle Ages

value: war hatchet

value: battle axe

value: war axe

value: ornament

value: Ringerike style

value: world tree

value: Yggdrasil

value: boat

value: drakkar


dc.contributor.author

value: Boldyrev, Nikolay N.

value: Efimenko, Tatiana N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Boldyrev N. N., Efimenko T. N. (2022). Secondary interpretation of scientific knowledge in mass media discourse. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 355–368. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.404 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article considers the problem of science representation in media discourse within the
framework of cognitive approach and the theory of language interpretation. The object of
research encompasses secondary scientific texts: critical reviews, reviews, abstracts presented
on the educational and scientific organizations websites, and scientific news releases on sites
aimed at net coverage. The research focuses on identifying main factors that determine the interpretative
specificity of scientific knowledge in media discourse, with respect to the conceptual
nature of secondary language interpretation. The authors argue that distinctive features
of scientific knowledge conceptual representation in media highly depend on the basic principles
of conceptual interaction between the author of the message and the target audience,
as well as on the cognitive processes and mechanisms of meaning construction specific to the secondary language interpretation: the process of conceptual derivation and profiling mechanisms
— generalization and specialization. They draw attention to the distinction between
messages addressing professional or mass audience in terms of level and volume of transmitted
scientific knowledge. Language specificity of its secondary interpretation shows up in the
use of basic or special terminology, language derivation models, and types of organization
and genre features of discourse. The results and conclusions drawn are substantiated by the
analysis of main types and functions of secondary language interpretation: selective, classifying,
evaluative, as illustrated by messages from different subject domains. The authors come
to the conclusion that degree of effectiveness of conceptual interaction between the author of
the message and the target audience in the processes of transmitting and interpreting scientific
knowledge largely depends on the alignment in these types and functions of secondary
language interpretation applied on both author and audience sides. The latter (especially with
respect to the shared knowledge in a particular field) also determines the degree of conflictfree
scientific media communication in general.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 22-18-00067).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 4

value: scientific knowledge

value: secondary interpretation

value: mass media discourse

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shesterina, Alla M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shesterina А. М. (2022). Updating means metaprograms in the titles of audiovisual mediacontent in popular science sector of video blogging. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 404–413. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.407 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Trends in mediatization of various spheres of our life, accompanied by an increase in audience
interest in video content, make the problem of studying the latter from the standpoint of
the effectiveness of its participation in the process of internalization of scientific knowledge
relevant. This process is complicated by such features of the network environment as the low
level of professionalism of a number of authors, the active process of spreading pseudoscientific
information, and the highly competitive nature of relations between bloggers in the
network space. The first two problems are being overcome by bloggers as researchers note the
professionalization of the blogosphere. The last problem is solved by the authors themselves
inside the materials. To solve it, bloggers often resort to updating the key meta-programs that
dominate the modern media field. The article analyzes the verbal means of emphasizing these
programs in the Russian-language sector of popular science video blogging. Based on the
analysis of the verbal level of the releases of the most popular YouTube channels, a conclusion
is made about the frequency of occurrence of each of these meta-programs in the structure
of the media text. The fact of the dependence of the degree of popularity of the metaprogram
on the scientific sphere, which is the subject of the narration, is established. The conclusion
is made about the dominance of the metaprogram “values” as the most appropriate for this
sector of media. It is concluded that in a situation where scrolling is the basis of the user’s
information behavior on the network, it is the titles of the videos (along with the preview)
that stimulate the viewer’s interest, and metaprograms play an important role in this process.

dc.subject

value: social media

value: video blogging

value: metaprograms

value: submodalities


dc.contributor.author

value: Tayupova, Olga I.

value: Poliakova, Ekaterina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tayupova O. I., Polyakova E. V. (2022). Visualization in medical advertising discourse in Germany. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 393–403. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.406 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
A study was made of non-verbal signs used to visualize the printed text of advertising, selected
both by belonging to the corresponding subdiscourse and taking into account the territorial
feature. Advertising as a type of media text, which has a special composition and influences consumer
behavior with the help of specific means, consists of two interrelated codes: a verbal code
and a visual code. It has been established that the non-verbal code of this type of text not only
transmits information about over-the-counter drugs in order to maintain and enhance sales,
but also contains information about the cultural situation of the country, about ethnocultural
stereotypes and values prevailing in German society, contributing, in turn, their promotion in
society. The authors, setting themselves the goal of identifying the visual resources involved in
the creolized advertising texts of leading German pharmaceutical companies, attempt to systematize
the idea of the visualization tools used here, correlating with gender parameters, national
and cultural characteristics of Germany, its national identity, taking into account technological
solutions in the colour picker. The suggestive potential of visual means that affect the potential
consumer of over-the-counter medicines due to the appeal to what is close and understandable
to him as a representative of a certain cultural community or gender has been determined. It
was revealed that in the visual plan, advertising of over-the-counter drugs not only adapts to the
cultural environment, reflecting the originality of the national-specific picture of the world of
the Germans, their mentality and preferred lifestyle but also reveals a close connection with the
symbols of medicine. Cultural signs, directly related to the cultural and value space of Germany,
are a universal tool for influencing potential consumers of over-the-counter medicines.

dc.subject

value: visualization

value: creolized printed text

value: German advertising of over-the-counter drugs

value: German national-cultural and gender stereotypes

value: symbols of medicine


dc.contributor.author

value: Taktarova, Anna V.

value: Cherkasova, Marina N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Taktarova A. V., Cherkasova M. N. (2022). Pragmalinguistic approach in the ambivalence idea in term of COVID-19 laughter culture. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 414–430. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.408 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Relevance of our research is determined by the practical results of three scientific analyzes.
The first one has showed Top-10 discussed problems on Internet with the key words “modern
system” (with “Modern system of education” on the Runet’s top). The second one is a
survey of Internet communication. It demonstrates humorous component in media-texts
on a given theme. The third one is the main pragmalinguistic analysis. It deals with the
media-texts with a humorous component from the ambivalent point of view. Empirical
base of our paper is the media-texts with humorous component. They are devoted to the
educational process in Russian Federation in 2020. The texts were analyzed with conative
oriented strategies “Author`s expectation” and “Author`s assessment. The expectation category
is connected with “accepted” or “facial reality” of the media-text`s sender; assessment
category reflected positive-approving, negative-disapproving and neuter- indifferent assessment
contains a certain affective reaction on situation. The strategies are textual and regulatory
simultaneously. They may be applied not only according to the indicator`s direction to the media text`s receiver, but according to facial, social and idiographic characteristics
of the text`s author. The subject of the research is the author’s choice of those variants of
the statement which are preferable for material presentation and for latent regulation of the
receiver. SSG (smaller scale syntax group) is the unit of our analysis. The sender of the text
is obligatory actualized definite grammar form in this group. Ambivalent approach “assessment
vs reaction” — “assessment vs reality” to media area in terms of laughter culture has
revealed mixed feelings of the media-text`s senders to the modern system of education and
it is a part of mass consciousness. Media-texts with humor effect create the ambivalent part
of mass consciousness as a common experience and response to crisis of Russian Federation
educational system.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 9; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: media-text

value: pragmalinguistics

value: ambivalent approach

value: education

value: humor effect

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Basovskaya, Evgeniya N.

value: Vorontsova, Tatyana A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Basovskaya E. N., Vorontsova T. A. (2022). Modern popular science radio discourse: The principle of dialogicity. Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 431–445. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.409 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to identifying specifics of modern popular science media discourse. The
authors conduct a comparative communicative-pragmatic and stylistic analysis of composition, speech means and discursive techniques of educational radio programs which have such
feature as explicated dialogicality — representing conversation between a journalist and an expert.
The leading principle of popular science radio program is dialogization: actual dialogue
between a journalist and an expert is supplemented by conditional dialogue between a journalist
and a scientist who does not participate in the program, as well as between a journalist
and a generalized addressee — a representative of mass audience. The article notes such journalist
speech moves that contribute to dialogization of discourse, as evaluation and criticism
of expert’s statements by the program host and also use of “naive listener” speech mask. The
tactics of illustrative explanation, appeal to personal experience, and stylistic transformation
used by radio journalists are considered. The authors note the redistribution of lexical means
between participants of the dialogue, characteristic of the era of Internet communication:
scientific terminology is actively used by the presenter, and stylistically low lexemes — by the
expert, which entails a relative stylistic uniformity with the predominance of conversational
tonality. This set of techniques determines the priority communicative position of journalist,
which is not typical for classical popular science discourse. The authors conclude that the
popular science sub-style belongs to the journalistic style of modern Russian language. The
principle of dialogicality of popular science discourse creates in the listener the idea that the
authors of radio program conduct a conversation with him on an equal footing. The willingness
of a journalist to model in his mind the image of a possible recipient and act in his interests
ensures the effectiveness of popularization of scientific knowledge in modern mass media.

dc.subject

value: radio discourse

value: popular science style

value: journalistic style

value: principle of dialogue

value: addressee


dc.contributor.author

value: Alen’kina, Tatiana B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alen’kina T. B. (2022). Teaching press release as a hybrid genre in the Academic Writing course (English language, science majors). Media Linguistics, 9 (4), 446–457. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2022.410

dc.description.abstract

value:
Science media discourse is dynamically developing in the 21st century, and the genre of a press
release is gaining its popularity in the modern context of mediatization of science. Despite
that, a press release remains to be underestimated both in media linguistics and in applied linguistics,
English for specific purposes (ESP), and academic writing. The purpose of the article
is to describe the process of teaching a press release within the framework of genre pedagogy.
The first objective is to explore the hybrid nature of a press release by addressing the headlinesecondary
headline-lead structure in English and Russian in the deconstruction stage. In the
independent construction stage, the English-language press releases of Russian students are
analyzed with a special emphasis on framing elements structure. The results showed the following
trends. Students ignored secondary headlines, avoided hedges, and chose the favorite
expressive means of the Russian tradition — alliteration and personification, thus demonstrating
the influence of the Russian language and culture. In the process of writing leads, students
used two major strategies. The first strategy was in telling a story of a research event and
“forgetting” the scientific component. Another strategy was a different one — foregrounding
the scientific component of the text. Students overexplained the topic and problem, making a
lead similar to the Introduction of the research article. In both cases, hybridization of a press
release seemed to be lost. The research has proven the fact of the significant role of a press
release for the Academic Writing course. Undoubtedly, it is a good way to introduce the modern
sociocultural context of mediatization of science as well as the variety of genres and their
interdiscursive nature. In practice, however, the student writing demonstrates an influence of
the Russian tradition in headlines and neglecting the hybrid nature of the genre in leads.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: press release

value: hybrid genre

value: academic writing

value: headline

value: lead


title: Morality and law in a digital society

dc.contributor.author

value: Маrkov, Вoris V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Markov B. V. Morality and law in a digital society. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 4, pp. 512–524. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.406 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The traditional values of truth, justice, shame, conscience, responsibility, duty, forgiveness,
and love in the process of civilization give way to functional and formal relations. A new impetus in this direction is given by digitized technologies that open up the possibility of making
ethical and legal decisions not by people, but by machines. It is about formalizing morality
and law, creating algorithms for making assessments and decisions that could be programmed
and executed by artificial intelligence. Fears are caused by the fact that a person in the face of
digital rights ceases to be a person, a subject, becomes an element of the law. But, given that
the “human factor” often turns into corruption, we have to admit that the formal approach is
more objective than emotional assessments based on sympathy. Therefore, in the Critique of
Practical Reason, I. Kant contrasted the ethics of feeling with morality based on duty, which
the thinker defined as the law of freedom. Obviously, the existing ethical and legal norms
require a change or addition of new rules governing the behavior of people in situations that
has not been encountered before. This problem arises in the context of the transition from an
estate society to a civil one. As man became more and more tightly enmeshed in economic and
social orders, he was already thinking according to the formula of nothing personal. The article
discusses the problem of substantiation of rational and emotional prerequisites of ethics
and law. Models of ethical and judicial decision-making are proposed, including an analysis of
the specific application of formal norms and laws, taking into account moral values.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was conducted with the financial support of a grant from the Russian Ministry of
Science and Higher Education (project “The latest trends in the development of human sciences and
society in the context of the process of digitalization and new social problems and threats: interdisciplinary
approach”, agreement no. 075-15-2020-798).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 4

value: digital society

value: morality

value: law

value: ethics

value: justice

value: guilt

value: shame

value: conscience

value: forgiveness

dc.title

value: Morality and law in a digital society

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kurganskaya, Valentina D.

value: Dunaev, Vladimir Yu.

value: Sagikyzy, Ayazhan

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kurganskaya V. D., Dunaev V. Yu., Sagikyzy A. The phenomenon of identity in the social construction of virtual reality. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 4, pp. 487–499. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.404 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper examines the interactions between the processes of social institution virtualization,
information and communication practices; as well as the processes of construction of valuesemantic
structures of individual and collective identities. Authors support the idea that determining
how a person generates virtual reality and how virtual reality develops a person is the
primary focus of phenomenological analysis and socio-philosophical research on identity transitions
in current circumstances. The early phenomenological texts of M.M. Bakhtin serve as an
illustration of the virtuality presented in intentional identity formations. Authors demonstrated that the interactive modeling of the I-for-myself relationship to the virtual presence of the other
is where the noetic-noematic field of identity is generated. The sociology of knowledge is among
the most promising approaches for locating intentional identity structures in people’s and social
groupings’ daily lives. The social construction of reality is seen as an objective socio-historical
process that shapes the reality of the intersubjective world according to its paradigm. We argue
that changes in the semantic contexts of individual and social community identification are
shown to be functionally related to the virtualization of the information and communication
field of intersubjectivity. Social groups no longer serve as the fundamental building blocks of
social existence in the modern world; instead, they do exist virtually now. Authors do follow
Z. Bauman’s idea that virtual groups, which emerge haphazardly and then abruptly disintegrate
into so-called communities (Z. Bauman), become modeling systems of identity. The final statement
of paper is that the emergence of the Internet acted as a catalyst for the explosive acceleration,
and eventually as a primary method of global deployment, of the processes of formation of
new types of identity, new models, and strategies for its construction through risky experiments
and unrestrained play with various versions of one’s own identity.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared as part of the funding of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science
and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan — grant BR10965263 “Social modernization of
Kazakhstan society: ideological foundations, conceptual models, socio-cultural processes, socio-political
technologies”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: identity

value: virtual reality

value: communication

value: Internet

value: network society

value: hypertext


dc.contributor.author

value: Pruzhinin, Boris I.

value: Vetrov, Vladimir A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pruzhinin B. I., Vetrov V. A. Expertise as a form of development of science: Fundamental vs applied. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 4, pp. 534–546. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.408 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article discusses the epistemological functions of expertise in modern science and substantiates
the thesis that the emergence of expert knowledge is associated with the transformations
of science (its technization, digitalization and application) and the anthropological crisis of the
20th–21st centuries. The authors believe that due to expert assessments, the target settings that
are present in specific scientific research programs are explicated — both cognitive ones and
focused primarily on solving various kinds of socially significant practical problems. Thus, the
examination, in fact, opens up opportunities for clarifying the most effective ratio of fundamental
and applied research settings in a particular cognitive activity. The authors demonstrate that
expert activity allows scientists to consciously (with appeals to the semantic content of specific
research projects) and, thus, more adequately (taking into account applied problems) assess the
epistemological prospects of certain areas of research and thereby contribute to the expansion
of the scope of scientific knowledge, development science as a cultural and historical phenomenon.
To concretize the reasoning, the authors focus on how the implementation of the cognitive
functions of expertise in science takes place and appeal to the legal precedent (the Kass vs. Kass
process), which has become one of the models for resolving disputes in the field of biomedical
research of objects with an unstable subject, ethical and legal status (cryopreserved embryos).
Particular attention is paid to the fundamental predictive functions of expert knowledge, which has dignity, i. e. taking into account socio-political and existential-humanitarian restrictions, on
the one hand, and contributing to the expansion of the scientific horizon, on the other.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research has been performed within the project supported by Russian Science Foundation
no. 22-28-01632 «Expert examination as an epistemological phenomenon in the context of distinction
between fundamental and applied guidelines in science».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: expertise

value: peer review

value: science

value: applied research

value: basic research

value: bioethics

value: biomedical expertise


dc.contributor.author

value: Osipov, Igor D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Osipov I. D. Yu. N. Solonin on the socio-political philosophy of conservatism. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 4, pp. 525–533. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.407 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Professor of the St Petersburg State University Yu. N. Solonin to the study of global and Russian
conservatism, analyzes his works on the problems of philosophy and axiology of politics
and political ideology. The author shows that political philosophy of Solonin was theoretically
grounded Center for comprehensive study of conservatism at the Philosophy Department of
the St Petersburg State University. It is pointed out that many well-known specialists from
St Petersburg and other regions of Russia took an active part in the work for the Study of
Conservatism Center. They investigated the substantial characteristics of conservatism as a
complex socio-cultural and intellectual phenomenon and the historical-philosophical preconditions
of conservatism. Solonin’s works creatively developed the concepts by Russian scholars
dealt with conservatism, and it helped to organize a research school of comprehensive study of
conservatism. The article offers an analysis of Solonin’s writings on conservatism while he was
leading the Study of Conservatism Center. The works by Solonin and other scholars revealed
the main features of conservatism’s philosophy, such as holism, organicism, traditionalism,
etatism, and irrationalism; they analyzed the historical, cultural, political-legal and socioeconomic
preconditions of the genesis of European and Russian conservatism. The article
argues that a special attention in Solonin’s theoretical heritage was paid to the analysis of the
problem of liberal-conservative synthesis. He specifically analyzed the potentialities of liberalconservative
synthesis and proved that various non-classical forms of political ideologies are
being formed in modern conditions. Solonin also noted the complex and diverse ideological
currents of conservatism in Russia, its being conditioned by the traditional way of Russian
society, the attitude of the people to the state.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant no. 20-
011-00144 “Theoretical Heritage of Philosophy in Leningrad-Petersburg. Second half of the 20th century”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: conservatism

value: traditionalism

value: society

value: ideology

value: values

value: story

value: culture

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kamnev, Vladimir M.

value: Pirogov, Aleksei A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kamnev V. M., Pirogov A. A. Towards the concept of freedom: The historiosophical aspect. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 4, pp. 465–472. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.402 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the historiosophical aspect of the problem of progress in the consciousness
of freedom. Hegel’s understanding of the perfect state is described. It is noted that, the
philosophy of state and law is a system of morality, where the victory of the general over the
particular is obligatory. The essence of the entire system is optimistic, no matter what disturbing
contradictions they try to destroy this system. In this monarchy of the spirit, in an ideal
state, as a system of freedom, the contradictions of civil society are overcome. The article also
describes the experience of Marxism, in which the opposition of the genus and the individual
is overcome by the purely mechanical destruction of one of the opposing sides, by the qualitative
transformation of society, that is, a total social revolution, the victory over capital and the
emergence of a new socialized humanity. The authors emphasize that the philosophy of politics
stems not only from Hegelian philosophy, but also from theological thought. The authors
conclude that history is the territory of an apocapyptic collision, as well as the eternal process
of the fallen world. According to the authors, for a contemporary Russian person, the correlation
with the Truth becomes not only a matter of freedom, but a choice between life and death,
and, therefore, the territory of war, which takes place primarily in the heart. He perceives his
involvement in the Truth not as following a civil religion, but as a mystical communion with
Christ as a constant source of Truth and freedom.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 38; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: progress

value: history

value: freedom

value: political religion

value: democracy

value: truth


dc.contributor.author

value: Lvov, Alexander A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lvov A. A. Did the Greeks have a worldview? A comparative study of worldview’s genealogy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2022, vol. 38, issue 4, pp. 500–511. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2022.405

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper scrutinizes a classic passage from Heidegger, in which he argues that Weltanschauung
is predominantly a Modern concept and that there was nothing similar in Antiquity. Using a
comparative method, I try to demonstrate that it is possible to reconstruct a kind of genealogy
of the concept of worldview and to show clues as to its phenomena in Hellenic culture and
philosophy and in Early Modern thought. Being not just a linguistic phenomenon, worldview
could be analyzed as a metaconcept, articulated in non-Modern contexts and recognized as a
“worldview” in terms of Modern philosophy. Considering the ancient Greek notion of αἵρεσις,
I show its principle aspects in the sense of “philosophical school”. I hold that it is possible to
parallel it with the term Weltanschauung, coined in the German philosophical tradition and possessing
its own epistemological features. To prove my argument, I refer to the ideas of Ancient
Greek and Hellenic thinkers as well as the most eminent supporters and critics of the concept of
Weltanschauung in Modern (primarily German) philosophies. In Conclusions I summarize the
main traits I consider commensurate with those of αἵρεσις, which are: 1. Emergence in “turning
points” of pivotal historical periods; 2. Articulation of the idea of wholeness and coherence of the
Universe (the World); 3. One’s free-will choice to support a concrete doctrine or point of view to
the Universe in connection with its comprehension and one’s moral principles.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research is supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation
(project “The Newest Tendencies of the Development of the Humanities and Social Sciences in the Context
of the Process of Digitalization and Novel Social Challenges and Threats: An Interdisciplinary Approach”,
agreement no. 075-15-2020-798).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: αἵρεσις

value: Weltanschauung

value: genealogy of worldview

value: Martin Heidegger

value: Christian Huygens

value: comparative philosophy

value: Hellenic philosophy

value: philosophical anthropology