dc.contributor.author

value: Selimi, Ferid N.

value: Hanoli, Votim R.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Selimi F. N., Hanoli V. R. (2024). Semiotic analysis of the logos of the main online newspapers in the Western Balkans. Media Linguistics, 11 (2), 267–281. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2024.208

dc.description.abstract

value:
The decoding and interpretation of the meaning of the sign as a code located in the left corner
of the newspaper and the function of the message given in that communication with the
reader, is the subject of this research study. The study covers all aspects of the ideational/
representative function, revealing the meaning of the figures or photographs displayed in the
left corner of six Western Balkan newspapers. The signs are decoded and clarified, revealing
their meaningful messages. The analysis is done not only on the narrative process, but also on
the conceptual process. To achieve this objective, an attempt has been made to respond to the
semiotic resources used by newspaper designers in the compilation of the newspaper sign, as
well as by interpreting the meaning they present and their objectives. The study is based on
the case study method. Several different methods have been used in the study, such as: The
method of analysis, of decomposition, and interpretation and the qualitative method, from
which the research method is included in the analysis and the research instrument is defined
focusing on the signs of the names of the newspapers as the object of this research. The study
is channeled in analyzing the semiotic signs that appear in the names of online newspapers of
the Western Balkans, and through these semiotic signs the cultural and regional diversity of
this region is understood in a way. The findings show that the signs of the online newspapers
of the Western Balkans mainly have red color, black letters and white background, which are
related to their goals, that the writings are current and relevant to the public.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 11; Issue 2

value: color

value: online media

value: message

value: sign

value: Western Balkans


dc.contributor.author

value: Matchanova, Zoia Sh.

value: Ignat’eva, Marina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Matchanova Zoia Sh., Marina V. Ignat’eva. 2024. “Ordinary and extraordinary satisfaction as forms of non-material liability in international law”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 454–465. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.209

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the forms of non-material liability in international law, namely ordinary
and extraordinary satisfaction, through the lens of legal theory and factual analysis. The authors
provide an overview of the peculiarities of non-material damage in the context of international
relations. The essence of ordinary satisfaction is revealed. To satisfy the political claims of
the victim state, various measures are being contemplated, which include making apologies,
expressing regret and condolences, rendering honors, and giving assurances. It should be
stressed that the measures in question can be employed either individually or collectively,
depending on the situation. Examples of the ordinary satisfaction are presented, accompanied
by a brief summary of the incident that necessitated the fulfillment of non-material demands.
The key requirements for ordinary satisfaction include formality, publicity and transparency,
with solemnity and symbolism being highlighted as necessary. It is emphasized that ordinary
satisfaction should be adequate and proportional to the damage caused, it is pointed out
that the use of forms humiliating to the responsible state is unacceptable. It is worth noting
that measures expressed through satisfaction are consistently directed towards the state as
a subject of international law. The extraordinary satisfaction, if deemed necessary, not only
the temporary restriction of state bodies’ powers and the reorganization of certain elements
in the political and social system of the violating state but also the temporary occupation
of its territory, which highlights the exceptional nature of the measures implemented. The
article covers the experience of the victorious allied forces implementing measures to abolish
the entire state mechanism of Nazi Germany. It has been established that ordinary and
extraordinary satisfaction are significantly distinct in terms of the nature of their impact on the offender, because both forms represent non-material liability for internationally wrongful
acts, which, however, differ fundamentally in terms of their severity.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: international liability

value: non-material liability

value: ordinary satisfaction

value: extraordinary satisfaction

value: satisfaction of claims

value: international offense

value: international crime

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Kuznetsova, Yulia V.

value: Gutkevich, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuznetsova Yu. V., Gutkevich E. V. Toward the study of the relationship between psychological defenses and psychosocial stress factors in modern foreign science. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2024, vol. 14, issue 2, pp. 278–293. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2024.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The phenomenon of psychological defenses is considered from the standpoint of various approaches
(cognitive, psychodynamic, behavioral, etc.), to understanding this phenomenon.
The novelty in the research of foreign authors of the first quarter of the 21st century is traced.
Empirical studies of psychological defenses within the framework of the theory of “stress vaccination”,
“minority stress” in connection with “distorted perception”, social control and psychological
well-being are presented. The impact of social factors (stress, depression, etc.) on
the development of immature psychological defenses in a person, which reduce the level of
psychological well-being, the ability to cope with mental conditions and disorders, and the
level of self-esteem, is relevant. In cases of gender discrimination, alienation (avoidance) is
more often chosen, while stigmatization on some other grounds leads to self-condemnation,
self-doubt, and depression. Separate studies are devoted to the negative consequences of the
use of immature and neurotic psychological defenses, as a result of which positive results
are devalued, and the task is perceived subjectively as more difficult, while the use of mature
protective mechanisms increases the mental stability of the individual. A number of modern
foreign studies are devoted to understanding psychological defenses as factors of recovery
or degradation, for example, the interpretation of the mechanisms underlying depression as
protective (“smoke detector”), and sleepwalking and night terrors as a causes of “failure” of more mature and adaptive psychological defenses. The latest research on the trigger of time
and place in its relationship with the cognitive processes of a person experiencing a psychotic
episode can provide a more favorable outcome on the path of recovery. The purpose of this
work was to study the current directions of research on the problem of psychological protection
in foreign publications of the late 20th — first quarter of the 21st century. The research
methods were the analysis and structured presentation of literary sources of foreign authors
on the problem of the phenomenon of psychological defenses in modern foreign science.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: new in the study of psychological defenses of personality in foreign psychology

value: stress vaccination

value: stress of minorities

value: mental health

value: improvement of quality of life

value: destigmatization

value: overcoming

value: coping behavior

value: coping strategies


dc.contributor.author

value: Irkova, Anna V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Irkova A. V. (2024). Discourse factor of semantic uncertainty in reverse machine translation of media texts. Media Linguistics, 11 (2), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2024.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the study of semantic uncertainty in the texts of legal and media discourses
using online programs. The object of the study is conflict factors caused by semantic
uncertainty in problem areas. An assessment and description of problem areas in machine
translation of media texts was carried out, taking into account lexical ambiguity. The prerequisites
for possible conflict situations when translating texts on legal and environmental
topics are described. In achieving this goal, both traditional linguistic and innovative methods
of analysis (use of artificial intelligence technologies) were used. The characteristics of
the philosophical category of uncertainty are given according to the following methodology:
1) assessment of the semantic uncertainty of reverse machine translation texts, taking into
account the discursive factor; 2) comparison of legislative and media texts for their similarity
to the original after machine translation. The comparative analysis took into account the
following parameters: the total number of words in the texts; similarity of texts in percentage
terms; presence of various fragments. It is shown that discursive and linguistic means of realizing
semantic uncertainty have a significant impact on the reader’s perception of the text.
A comparison of two discourses of the same thematic focus on environmental management revealed the influence of the context (discourse) and the intermediary language on the degree
of translatability of the text. It has been established that semantic uncertainty and tension
zones as conflict-generating factors depend on the quality of translation programs. The study
took into account possible errors associated with the limited capabilities of the online programs
used. Prospects for studying problem areas in reverse machine translation include expanding
sources of empirical material, involving other computer-assisted translation systems,
and the possibility of applying research results in an expanded context of “potential conflict.”

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 11; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: media text

value: conflict of interpretations

value: discourse factor

value: semantic uncertainty

value: reverse machine translation

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Suslov, Ivan V.

value: Tikhonova, Sof ’ya V.

value: Balash, Vladimir A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Suslov I. V., Tikhonova S. V., Balash V. A. (2024). Constructing the image of the USSR in traditional media (on the example of Argumenty i Fakty): Experience of statistical and qualitative analysis of communication strategies. Media Linguistics, 11 (2), 224–236. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2024.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article defines the communication strategies of creating the image of the USSR on the
basis of statistical and qualitative analysis of the Argumenty i Fakty content. The empirical
basis of the article is based on the material of the newspaper published from 1992 to 2022.
The use of statistical methods to analyze all issues (by continuous sampling) made it possible
to identify the range of articles that mention the lexemes “USSR”, “Soviet Union”, “Union Soviet”,
“country Soviet”. Communication strategies are determined by analyzing the frequency
of mentioning certain word forms in the media content. The use of the thematic modeling
algorithm, namely, the method of machine learning allowed us to analyze the corpus of documents,
to detect patterns of words and phrases that occur most often and thus characterize
the content of Argumenty i Fakty, and to automatically group articles in which terms close in
meaning occur. Thus, 5757 articles were classified and 95 clusters were identified, which in
turn were reduced to 16 large thematic blocks: sports, cinema, economy, music, memory, ideology,
politics, education, space, debts and credits, products, man, war in Afghanistan, intelligence,
atomic project. The most prominent images of the USSR in the newspaper Argumenty
i Fakty appear to be the following: the winner in World War II and the geopolitical rival of the USA in the Cold War. Statistical analysis of the articles proves the importance of the Soviet
experience for understanding Russia’s domestic and foreign policy. Qualitative discourse
analysis shows the prevalence of positive representation of the Soviet era, which allows to label
the USSR as a significant “other” for contemporary Russia. Argumenty i Fakty is characterized
as an important agent/subject of the contemporary politics of symbolic identification.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 22-18-00153 “The Image of
the USSR in Historical Memory: A Study of Media Strategies for Reproducing Representations of the Past
in Russia and Foreign Countries”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: image of the USSR

value: quantitative content analysis

value: Argumenty i Fakty

value: traditional media

value: communication strategies


dc.contributor.author

value: Provorova, Anastasia N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Provorova A. N. Metacognitive strategies, beliefs and type of reflexivity in persons with different types of life orientations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2024, vol. 14, issue 2, pp. 349–364. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2024.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The modern world’s focus on individualisation of life activity puts great pressure on the modern
person: in the search for life goals and reference points, there is a collision with high requirements
for material success and general self-realisation. At the same time, there is a large
number of recommendations to increase the level of activity productivity through the regulation
of external factors (features of time management, reward systems, etc.), while the contribution
of metacognitive processes in the regulation of mental activity is not always noted.
In this connection, the purpose of this study was to identify and analyse the peculiarities of
metacognitive experience in persons with different types of life orientations. 319 people in the
age groups from 18–24 to 65 and older were interviewed using methods aimed at identifying
the type of life orientations and a number of parameters of the metacognitive sphere: metacognitive
strategies, metacognitive beliefs, and type of reflexivity. When comparing persons
from groups with different life orientations, significant results are obtained that demonstrate
greater metacognitive awareness in persons oriented towards the possibility of taking personal
responsibility for life and aimed at active external activity. Persons oriented towards openness
to experience, but with a strong externalising orientation, appear to be more susceptible to
negative metacognitive beliefs about the regulation of their thinking. In the group of persons
with pragmatism-oriented life orientations, negative metacognitions are lower and the range
of metastrategies used is narrower, although the expression of those strategies that are actively
realised is at about the same level as in the group with the most pronounced subject-oriented
life orientations. In groups with unexpressed life goals or with inconsistency of goals and ways
of realisation, the indicators of the frequency of use of metacognitive strategies and systematic
reflexivity are lower than in the group with expressed subjective orientations.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 14; Issue 2

value: life orientations

value: metacognitive strategies

value: metacognitive beliefs

value: reflexivity


dc.contributor.author

value: Maslov, Kirill V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Maslov, Kirill V. 2024. “System-wide and targeted principles of legal provision of national tax security”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 390–403. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The principles, acting as the basis of any social system, are of particular importance for the
legal provision of national tax security as a systematic public management activity carried
out in a legal form and aimed at countering threats to the accumulation of tax revenues.
The importance of principles is not limited to their ontological, axiological, epistemological
and pedagogical roles, but also manifests itself in purely applied functions: conflictological,
hermeneutic and directly regulatory. The principles of legal provision of national tax
security are defined as ideas and attitudes that form conceptual and organizational basis
for the emergence, modification and termination of legal relations that develop inside and
outside the system of public administration. Such relations are concerned with receiving
into the budget system such an amount of taxes that corresponds to the planned, taking
into account the need for full financing of the functions and tasks of the state both in the
current period and for the purposes of long-term development. The following groups of
principles of legal provision of national tax security are identified: system-wide, targeted,
functional, organizational and procedural. Two groups of principles that determine the functioning
of all subsystems of administrative activities to ensure the national tax security are
described in detail: system-wide and targeted. The first group includes legality; systematic
and comprehensive application by public authorities of measures to ensure tax security; priority of public interests while taking into account the legitimate interests of individuals;
mutual responsibility of the state and the individual; priority of preventive measures to
ensure tax security. The following principles are targeted: the adequacy of administrative
activities in tax and related areas to the nature and scale of threats; effectiveness, continuity
and timeliness of legal response to threats; avoiding the creation of risks and uncertainty
by state actions; support for innovative development.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 23-78-10160, https://rscf.
ru/project/23-78-10160/.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 2

value: tax security

value: principle

value: security legal provision

value: security

value: tax threat

value: risk-based approach

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Skiba, Andrey P.

value: Maloletkina, Natalia S.

value: Teplyashin, Pavel V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Skiba, Andrey P., Natalia S. Maloletkina, Pavel V. Teplyashin. 2024. “Corrective action for prisoners of war: International legal, penal and other regulation”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 422–434. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article substantiates the relevance of the study of the peculiarities of the application of
means of correction in relation to convicted prisoners of war. The article answers the question
of in what places of forced confinement it is allowed to isolate the above-mentioned
persons —
in correctional institutions of the Russian penal and correctional system with separate detention
from prisoners sentenced to imprisonment or in other places of forced confinement?
The provisions of the Geneva Convention of 1949 “On the Treatment of Prisoners of War”
are analysed in order to identify the specifics of treatment of this category of convicts. It is
proposed to supplement it with a provision according to which there should be a prohibition
to allow persons who suffered (or their relatives suffered) from the results of military actions
to work with prisoners of war. The paper substantiates the necessity of implementing the principle
of differentiation and individualisation in relation to prisoners of war convicted of various
types of crimes, who have relapsed into crime (such cases are not uncommon, especially
among mercenary combatants) or who have other socio-legal
or personal characteristics. It is
concluded that it is advisable, taking into account the provisions of international settlement
documents at the national level in penal and other legislation, such issues as determining the
places of detention of convicted prisoners of war, the scope of legal restrictions in relation to
them, ensuring external and internal isolation, the content of educational work with them,
including the use of measures incentives and penalties, their employment, providing social
influence, organizing medical care.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: combat situation

value: martial law

value: corrective and preventive action

value: disarmed combatant

value: war crimes

value: human dignity


dc.contributor.author

value: Granovskaya, Elizaveta A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Granovskaya E. A. The factor of emotional non-acceptance of the disease in patients addicted to synthetic cathinones. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2024, vol. 14, issue 2, pp. 320–330. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2024.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Recently, synthetic cathinone addiction has spread globally, particularly among youth, due to
the popularity of “club” drugs and stimulants. The patient’s motivation to quit psychoactive substances
is crucial for effective treatment and rehabilitation. However, motivation for treatment is
hindered by anosognosia, the inability of addicts to recognize their condition. Among the aspects
of anosognosia, emotional non-acceptance of the disease is significant. The aim of the study is
to identify socio-demographic and clinical parameters that are associated with emotional nonacceptance
of the disease in patients with addiction to synthetic cathinones to determine psychotherapeutic
targets of significance in the construction of rehabilitation programs. Based on
the “Emotional non-acceptance of the disease” scale from the drug anosognosia questionnaire
developed in 2020, groups of individuals with high and low scores were formed. These groups of
patients were compared according to several clinical and socio-demographic parameters. Based
on the conducted study, the significance of such factors as: presence of children, service in the
army, craniocerebral trauma in the anamnesis and others. Thus, a high level of family support,
sufficient material condition of the family and positive attitude of parents to the patient, as well
as consistency between the roles of “parent” and “drug addict” are factors that contribute to the
emotional acceptance of the disease (drug addiction). At the same time, the influence of clinical
characteristics, such as the severity of residual-organic mental changes, personality transformation
due to addictive behavior, can hinder emotional acceptance of the disease.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: syndrome of dependence on synthetic cathinones

value: attitude towards the disease

value: anosognosia

value: emotional acceptance of the disease


dc.contributor.author

value: Pashentsev, Dmitrii A.

value: Babaeva, Yuliya G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pashentsev, Dmitrii A., Yuliya G. Babaeva. 2024. “Artificial intelligence in law-making and law enforcement: Risks and new opportunities”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 516– 526. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2024.214

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in law-making and law enforcement,
analyzing it through the lens of the technological paradigm theory and utilizing a new
methodology rooted in post-classical scientific rationality. The examination of the AI’s legal
personality takes into account the modern anthropocentrism standpoint, where humans
are perceived as the central figure in the legal system. A human, as a subject of law, plays a
crucial role in constructing legal reality. Through exercising his powers, a human transforms
abstract norms into existing law. The proposal to delegate this anthropological function to AI
carries significant risks that may have detrimental effects on the established system of legal
regulation for public relations. The correlation between law-making and law enforcement,
as integral components in establishing legal reality, pertains to the legal consciousness of
individuals as subjects of law. This correlation does not necessitate the substitution of human
decision-making
with AI. Simultaneously, AI is capable of effectively handling auxiliary legal
tasks. It possesses the necessary skills to draft regulatory acts, court decisions, and consolidate
proposals obtained through law-making crowdsourcing. Additionally, it is proficient in
executing automated actions, such as issuing writs of execution. The utilization of AI to
implement the concept of machine-readable
law and algorithmize the application of legal
norms appears to hold promise. The incorporation of a digital state notion, which pertains
to the transition of public service provision into digital format, is also unattainable without
AI, which greatly enhances the public administration efficiency. In this case, the focal point
will revolve around the matter of attaining effective control over decisions carried out by AI,
as well as the prescribed boundaries of its capabilities within the legal domain, as established
by legislative measures.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 15; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: artificial intelligence

value: law-making

value: law enforcement

value: subject of law

value: legal norm

value: digitalization

value: legal consciousness

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kulikova, Valentina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kulikova V. A. (2024). Mediatization of cognitive terms: A corpus study. Media Linguistics, 11 (2), 162–180. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2024.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The problem of mediatization of cognitive terms in modern Russian socio-political media
is considered. The study examines various approaches to the mediatization studies, which is
comprehended at various levels: as a social process, discursive process, as well as the resulting
transformation of lexemes in media texts. Thus, the mediatization of terms is considered
as a consequence of global social and discursive processes, manifested in the semantic and pragmatic transformations of terms in the media. The object of the study is 22 terms that
are relevant in scientific discourse and denote cognitive processes and phenomena, as well
as approaches to their study. The functioning of the terms was studied on the material of
6704 contexts in the newspaper subcorpus of the National Corpus of the Russian Language.
The aim of the study is to compare the semantics, pragmatic functions of cognitive terms in
the media and scientific discourses, to identify factors that influence the features of mediatization
of terms. To achieve this aim, N-grams, the frequency of use in media and scientific
discourses were studied using the corpus statistics. The use of terms in the concordance lists
of the NCRL were studied with semantic, contextual analysis. The semantics of terms in media
texts is compared with the semantics in scientific discourse according to specialized dictionaries
of cognitive terms. Discursive, pragmatic features of these lexemes are also analyzed to
identify atypical functions, expressive contexts of use. As a result, the terms are divided into
4 groups depending on the characteristics of their use in media texts and the mediatization
specific: 1) terms that are not mediatized; 2) terms with wider semantics in the media discourse;
3) terms that have differential semes in comparison with scientific discourse; 4) terms
that function in non-standard combinations, expressive contexts.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 11; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: mediatization

value: terminology

value: cognitive science

value: media discourse


dc.contributor.author

value: Pakhomova, Ekaterina O.

value: Nasledov, Andrey D.

value: Tkacheva, Lubov O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pakhomova E. O., Nasledov A. D., Tkacheva L. O. Age-related changes in autism spectrum disorder symptoms among children 3–9 years old: Experience of using the autism scale. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2024, vol. 14, issue 2, pp. 305–319. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2024.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents a study of ASD symptoms age-related variability in 3–9-year-olds. Studying
the age-specific characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is highly significant
as it helps to increase the impact of therapeutic intervention. The symptoms of ASD are represented
in the following domains: communication disorders; emotional disorders; sensory
disintegration; disinhibition/hyperactivity; general severity of ASD symptoms. The sample
consisted of 70 children, with officially diagnosed ASD and children with other forms of development
disorders, combined with 881 children who took part in the previous study. It was
assumed that: the symptomatic structure of ASD has a specific pattern of changes over time;
the age dynamics of ASD symptoms in children with autism and children with other developmental
disorders is different; the parent assessment of symptoms severity differs from professional
assessment. The study involved specialists regularly implementing interventions with
participants. Additionally, symptom assessment was conducted by participants’ parents for
further comparison. The results showed that children with autism have a significant tendency
to decrease the severity of autistic symptoms with age, in such domains as communication disorders,
sensory disintegration and the overall severity of ASD symptoms. No such trend has
been revealed for children with other development disorders. The trend for parents to underestimate
the symptoms severity is observed. Further research can expand our understanding
of symptom variability and the effectiveness of correctional approaches.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project no. 23-18-
00155 “Study of predictive indicators of autism spectrum disorders in preschool children”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 14; Issue 2

value: autism spectrum disorders

value: developmental disorders

value: age-related changes of autism

value: symptoms of autism

value: autism spectrum disorders diagnosis


dc.contributor.author

value: Mukhortov, D. S.

value: Zhovner, E. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mukhortov D. S., Zhovner E. A. (2024). Reputationally damaging words in media discourses: How media distort Donald Trump’s image. Media Linguistics, 11 (2), 252–266. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2024.207

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article discusses how US and UK liberal media slowly but surely created a skewed representation
of 45th US President Donald Trump. Asserting that the media are biase and the
images of Donald Trump in print media show political slant of the newspapers, the research
analyzes partisan media and image portraying words therein. Usage labels enable identification
of the ever-powerful lexical instrument used by the media to create a distorted image
of the politician and manipulate the citizens; therefore, the paper aims to analyze evaluative
lexical items used in media texts to mould required images of Donald Trump. The research
examines the articles on Donald Trump’s key activities in early 2020 in the New York Times,
the Washington Post, the Guardian, and the Independent. The methodological framework includes
the data of the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), which is evenly
divided between the five genres of spoken discourse, fiction, popular magazines, newspapers,
and academic journals. Analyzing words in terms of their usage frequency in each of these
genres provides a clear picture of the target audience. The Macmillan English Dictionary for
Advanced Learners provides the most precise and comprehensive classification of the style labels,
including “formal”, “informal”, “literary”, “impolite”, “showing disapproval”, “journalism”,
and “phrasal verbs”. This combination of the corpus-based approach and the dictionary-based
approach resulted from the need to supplement the research with quantitative and qualitative
data to study manifestations of political slant in the media holistically. Analyzing image portraying
words in the media enables us to describe the key evaluative vocabulary, study Donald
Trump’s profile and interpretations of his activities in the liberal media, identify political bias
and distortion of facts in mass communications, and define new trends in journalism, medialinguistics,
and political communication.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 11; Issue 2

value: portrayal

value: image portraying words

value: style labels

value: media bias

value: medialinguistics

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Krivokhizh, Svetlana V.

value: Telenga, Marina P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krivokhizh S. V., Telenga M. P. Transformation of digital diplomacy in the face of new challenges: A view from Washington and Beijing. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2024, vol. 17, issue 2, pp. 143–163. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2024.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Globalization has created a new media landscape within which public diplomacy is implemented
and has posed three challenges for practitioners of traditional public diplomacy. First,
diplomats and foreign ministries have lost their monopoly on diplomatic communication as
non-governmental organizations, civil society organizations, activists, bloggers and even terrorist
groups have been able to disseminate public diplomacy messages online. Second, the
“new” actors in public diplomacy have transformed the digital world into a competitive arena
in which multiple actors vie for the attention of digital audiences, attempting to influence their
understanding of world events. Third, there has been a fragmentation of the public diplomacy
audience into “selective influence networks.” How states adapt to these new conditions is of
significant scientific interest. In the article, the authors compare the digital diplomacy strategies
of the two largest actors in modern politics — the United States and China. Both official
documents and practical steps, as well as discussions in the scientific community of the two
countries are analyzed. The authors conclude that despite the fact that at the initial stages the
digital diplomacy of the USA and the PRC differed both conceptually and instrumentally, due
to digitalization and datification of international relations, states have to test various formats
and tools that were not previously typical for them, react to opponents’ activity and constantly
adjust their strategies. It can be concluded that in conditions of uncertainty, high competition
and algorithm manipulation, the differences in digital diplomacy between the United States
and China are becoming increasingly blurred.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 17; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: digital diplomacy

value: United States of America

value: People’s Republic of China

value: digitalization of public diplomacy

value: datafication


dc.contributor.author

value: Avlasenko, Igor M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Avlasenko I. M. Digital diplomacy of Belarus: Сurrent trends and new opportunities within the Union State. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2024, vol. 17, issue 2, pp. 163–182. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2024.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of the digital diplomacy
of the Republic of Belarus, its tasks, content and specific features, focusing on cooperation
with Russia within the framework of the Union State. The author examines the transition of
Belarusian diplomacy to digital technologies, starting from the end of the 2000s, when social networks began to be widely used by Belarusian citizens. The evolution of the use of digital
platforms is covered, starting with the first accounts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on
Twitter and YouTube, to the transition to a more systematic and regular nature of publications
in social networks in the 2010s. Special attention is paid to the period after 2020, when due
to the COVID-19 pandemic and increased geopolitical tensions, the changes in practice of
digital diplomacy of Belarus have undergone. A conclusion was made that the events of the
early 2020s have stimulated the development of its own model of digital diplomacy, focusing
on Russian and Chinese practice. The author has outlined the peculiarities of the Belarusian
digital diplomacy which, unlike the Russian one, actively uses Western social networks to
convey its official position.The article also touches on the prospects for the development of
digital diplomacy in the context of the Union State, emphasizes the importance of joint efforts
of Belarus and Russia in using digital platforms to strengthen the foreign policy positions of
both states in the international arena. It is shown that the possibilities of digital diplomacy can
be used to defend the joint position of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation on
the European security system transformation, including its military-political, energy, social
and humanitarian aspects. The author emphasizes the constant evolution of the concept of
digital diplomacy and the need to adapt to changing conditions in the modern world.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was prepared with the financial support of the Belarusian Republican Foundation for
Fundamental Research as part of the project “Transformation of military-political, energy and social-humanitarian
aspects of the European security system: importance for the Union state” (state registration
number 20240046 dated 12.01.2024).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Republic of Belarus

value: Russian Federation

value: Union State


dc.contributor.author

value: Plyusnin, Nikita O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Plyusnin N. O. From coalition agreements to concepts and strategies: The evolution of Denmark’s foreign policy papers. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2024, vol. 17, issue 2, pp. 201–220. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2024.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The changing political landscape in Northern Europe is attracting increasing attention of
researchers to the specific features of the region’s foreign policies. A special place is occupied
by the analysis of the Danish case, since there is a sound tradition of considering Denmark as not fitting the image of a coherent Nordic state, due in no small part to the phenomenon
of Danish activism. However, insufficient attention has been paid to Danish policy papers,
which formulate and contextualise Denmark’s foreign and defense policy. This article offers
a detailed analysis of the coalition agreements of Danish governments and foreign and
defense policy strategies over the past 30 years (1993–2023) to identify the distinguishing
features of the evolution of these documents. Special conceptual pairs that define the core
philosophy of a particular course are applied: internationalism/determinism, activism/adaptation,
continuity/change, interests/values. As a result of the study, conclusions are drawn
about the coexistence of two tendencies in these documents: leaning towards an analytical
and philosophical understanding of international relations and laying out specific action
plans and lists of priorities and tasks. Additionally, most coalition agreements turn out to
be activist and internationalist, while the strategies are more likely to be adaptive and deterministic.
Simultaneously, the pairs change/continuity and interests/values are conceptualised
differently in each of the papers. Finally, the idea of a “new” place for Denmark in a
“new” world remains central, and the quest for this place has remained the main objective
of foreign policy over the past three decades.

dc.subject

value: coalition agreement

value: foreign policy strategy

value: Denmark

value: activism

value: determinism

value: interests

value: values

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Likhachev, Kirill A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Likhachev K. A. “Asian dialogue” in the context of the global geopolitical turbulence: Review of a new scientific and educational programme of SPbSU and the Gorchakov Fund. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2024, vol. 17, issue 2, pp. 221–237. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2024.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The review article describes the results of the new scientific and educational program held at
St. Petersburg State University in June 2023, as part of a joint project of SPbSU and the Gorchakov
Fund. The 1st “Asian Dialogue” was devoted to the problems of South Asian countries,
their socio-political, trade and economic issues, as well as relations with the global powers.
The organizers combined experts’ discussions with educational activities for the participants
of the Summer School, who received an excellent opportunity to communicate directly with
a group of well-known experts from Russia, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The educational
part included debates, a foresight session, situational analysis and a master class. The invited
experts took part in most of these activities, so the participants of the summer school got
an opportunity to demonstrate their skills in front of a prominent jury. The scientific part
included several expert sessions dedicated to the complex issues of relations between South
Asian states in the context of current geopolitical turbulence. The key problems of the South
Asian region and the specifics of South Asian countries’ relations with Russia were discussed
in detail, including the nature of bilateral political, trade and economic relations in the context
of anti-Russian sanctions, as well as regional security features. Each expert discussion was accompanied
by a long question and answer session from the participants of the summer school,
who appreciated this opportunity. In general, both participants and experts expressed their
hope for the development of such a scientific and educational format in future.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 17; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: South Asia

value: international cooperation

value: summer school

value: expert discussions

value: international and regional studies

value: India

value: Pakistan

value: Bangladesh

value: Afghanistan


dc.contributor.author

value: Stadnik, Ilona T.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Stadnik I. T. How to study ICT-security policy: Opportunities and challenges for critical discourse-analysis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2024, vol. 17, issue 2, pp. 183–200. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2024.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the method of critical discourse-analysis (CDA) on the example of the
relations between the United States and Russia in the field of ICT security, as well as in the
context of negotiations at the UN level in the same area, where both countries have a significant
influence on the processes. CDA can be used to study ICT security policy in order to
understand how different actors use language to discuss problems: what terms and concepts
are used, as well as how they can influence public perception of the problem. CDA can also be
used to study the dynamics of interaction between different actors: what interests they pursue
and what compromises they are willing to make to achieve common goals. The method is connected
with the theoretical framework of A. Holzscheiter, which identifies the levels of analysis
(micro-agents and macro-structures), as well as the types of power/influence realization in
discourse (deliberative and productive). As a demonstration of the method, the author has
made a brief analysis of the discourses of ICT threats to the United States and Russia based on
strategic documents of the states. It is inscribed in the structures of bilateral relations and international
negotiations, presented in the form of events on a timeline. Depending on the level
of analysis or the starting point of the study — agents or structures — we get completely different
explanations of the causal relationships of possible explanations for policy change through
discourse (productive or deliberative). The study of ICT security is further complicated by the
fact that we must keep both the bilateral and international levels of interaction in focus, since
these processes are closely interrelated. In conclusion, the article describes important limitations
of the method, including the weak explanatory potential of the reasons for the change in
ICT security policy.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: critical discourse-analysis

value: cybersecurity

value: information security

value: agent-structure problem

value: United States

value: Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Pashentsev, Evgeny N.

value: Blekanov, Ivan S.

value: Mikhalevich, Ekaterina A.

value: Wong, Nelson S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pashentsev E. N., Blekanov I. S., Mikhalevich E. A., Wong N. S. Malicious use of artificial intelligence and challenges to psychological security in China. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2024, vol. 17, issue 2, pp. 115–130. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2024.201

dc.description.abstract

value:
Economic problems, institutional degradation, social polarization, rising political tensions,
and the interstate conflicts are all occurring alongside rapid AI development, creating extremely
favorable grounds for its malicious use. The practice of using AI to destabilize the
economy, political institutions and international relations through targeted psychological influence
is growing rapidly. This article focuses on the current and future threats to China’s
psychological security caused by the malicious use of AI, as well as the response measures
taken by the Chinese government. The experience of China is important due to its role in
global economy and international affairs, as well the country’s leadership in numerous areas
of development and implementation of AI technologies. At the same time, China is facing
internal and external challenges that create a fertile ground for malicious use of AI. The article
contributors paid special attention to such threats in the field of psychological security of
China as malicious use of deepfakes and chatbots, the role of AI in cognitive warfare, phishing
and social engineering, etc. The article is written within the framework of the methodology of
political science, but it has elements of an interdisciplinary approach, when AI technologies
allow obtaining a more accurate, quantifiable answer to some research questions.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 17; Issue 2

value: China, psychological security

value: psychological warfare

value: cognitive warfare

value: social engineering

value: malicious use

value: artificial intelligence

value: deepfakes

value: chatbots

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Pantserev, Konstantin A.

value: Oztas, Beyza

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pantserev K. A., Oztas B. AI regulation: Challenges, the EU AI Act and Turkey’s approach. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2024, vol. 17, issue 2, pp. 131–142. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2024.202

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper discusses the ethical and technical challenges in AI regulation, the impact of the
EU AI Act and concerns of experts, and Turkey’s possible approach on AI regulation taking
into consideration potential outcomes in adopting or not adopting the EU Act by addressing
various obstacles in the processes of adopting and implying the Act. Through this analysis,
this paper aims to explore regulatory challenges, their reflection on rulemaking processes and
research processes in Turkey and evaluate the importance of geopolitics. The challenges in
regulation are examined as 1) ethical questions and copyright problems and 2) regulatory
problems, which discusses the following topics such as technical difficulties, the importance
of global approach and international norms, significance of determining the aim and scope
of the regulation. Moreover, the EU AI Act is examined as it offers risk-based solutions to the
mentioned issues with a global approach and plays an important role in the field. However,
there are obstacles to international cooperation such as 1) aligning with national policies and
2) capacity of the state to provide support to the private sector for research and implying
the Act, 3) geopolitical priorities. Considering its regional importance, and being a candidate
country, which actively carries out projects in this sphere within the scope of the EU, as well
as being the observer state during the process of enacting the act, Turkey is analyzed as a case
study. This study highlights the multifaceted aspects of AI regulation by discussing challenges
and obstacles within the scope of rulemaking, challenges in international cooperation, and
state level in the lens of Turkey.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The authors acknowledge St. Petersburg State University for a research project 116471555.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: AI regulation

value: digital governance

value: global AI approach

value: copyright

value: the EU AI Act

value: Turkey’s AI regulation

value: Turkey’s AI Strategy


dc.contributor.author

value: Fedotova, Kseniya S.

value: Krasilnikova, Pelageya Yu.

value: Krasilnikova, Varvara G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fedotova K. S., Krasilnikova P. Yu., Krasilnikova V. G. Poetics and semantics of the names of the authors of literary, philosophical and religious texts in Nikolay Gumilyov’s and Sasha Chоrny’s poetry. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 399–422. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.209 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The present research is an attempt at comparative analysis of poetic texts by Nikolay Gumilyov
and Sasha Chоrny in the aspect of literary onomastics. Our interest was inspired by chronological
and event coincidences in the biographies of the poets. We try to reveal common and
specific features in the use of proper names in poetic texts of the authors. We examine proper
names (writers and poets) mentioned in the texts, analyse their semantics and compare the
selected contexts. There are 171 proper names were selected, described each proper name
occurring in the texts from the point of view of its contextual meaning, referential meaning,
and participation in the unfolding of the theme of the text. The proper names of the specified
thematic group occurring in the texts of only one of the authors were reviewed in an overview.
We used semantic analysis, comparative method and method of interpretation to identify the
patterns in the implementation of contextual semantics of poetonyms and make assumptions
about their role in the poetics of the texts. The poetonyms found in both systematically implement
different types of referential meanings: in N. S. Gumilyov’s texts, in most cases they refer
directly to literary figures as figures of history and culture, and in Sasha Chorny’s texts they
more often become a means of characterizing people or certain value-based or aesthetic communities.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 21; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: N. S. Gumilyov

value: Sasha Chorny

value: poetonym

value: proper name

value: comparative analysis

dc.title

filename: 9-2-2024+для+сайта-111-134+Федотова,+Красильн,+Красильн.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Lebedeva, Anna A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lebedeva A. A. Pushkin’s “The Undertaker” (“Grobovshchik”) in dispute with the genre of the fantastic story. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 351–365. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
A. S. Pushkin’s “The Undertaker” is considered in the genre context of a fantastic story. In the
1820s begins the formation of this prose form in Russian literature. At that time, the works
are still heterogeneous, but quite clearly show some common tendencies. By depicting the
“invasion” of the supernatural, the early fantastic story initiates doubt in the reader about the
established worldview only to lead him or her to an “outcome” of the fantasy plot. Such an
outcome, as a rule, lies outside the aesthetic sphere — it is either a moral admonition, an appeal
to the principles of a certain philosophical system, or an explicated question about order
of the world. The fantastic itself has a purely service role. Although many features of “The Undertaker”
(the plot, the image of the hero, the depiction of an emphatically domestic setting,
etc.) indicate a high degree of its traditionality in relation to the fantastic story of the 1820s,
Pushkin violates the genre canon at its very foundation. The possibility of problematizing the
fantastic plot and, as a consequence, of resolving it in any of the traditional ways mentioned
above is eliminated from the narrative. The author’s play with literary conventions creates a
whole system of allusions to the “dualistic world” principle (“dvoemirie”) of the story’s organization,
but consistently reduces its symbolic dimension. The coexistence of life and death, not
being destroyed within the plot level by the “intrusion” of the supernatural, gives the artistic
world completeness and integrity. The comprehension of the problem of human existence
returns to the realm of art, and literary fantastic becomes free from its service purpose.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: A. S. Pushkin

value: “The Undertaker”

value: fantasy

value: fantasy story

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Vasilyeva, Ekaterina N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasilyeva E. N. Libertine vocabulary in the Russian-French dictionary by Antiochus Kantemir. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 366–380. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the particularities of the libertine vocabulary in A. D. Kantemir’s “Russian
and French Lexicon” which is not only the earlier specimen of the Russian-French Dictionary,
but also one of the first secular-oriented lexicons in the 18th century Russia. The content
of the Lexicon is considered in contrast to the French translated love fiction, which contributed
most to the development of the “language of love” in the new secular Russian society.
It allows to define the place that Kantemir’s Lexicon takes in this process. The article analyzes
a wide range of mechanisms that Kantemir uses in the aims of enriching the Russian language
with the libertine vocabulary. In particular, the author of the article notes some cases of the
secularization of slavicisms, which means rethinking the range of meanings of the words of
Slavic origin. The article demonstrates such tendency as arbitrary use of prefixes and suffixes,
which often offers examples of the author’s word creation, or tendency to generating long rows
of the synonyms including the words with different functional and stylistic characteristics.
Special attention is paid to the fact of codification in the Lexicon of the vulgar, obscene vocabulary,
which associates this work to the manuscript collections of the Russian erotic poetry,
the so-called barcoviana, and attests the innovative character of the Lexicon in comparison
with the Russian lexicographic tradition. A notable fact is the tendency to a limited use of gallicisms,
which is not typical for Kantemir as writer and translator. Conclusions are drawn that
Kantemir’s Lexicon, though the obvious secular orientation and the orientation towards the
French language as language of gallant communication, demonstrates the fundamental ability
of the Russian language to produce its own and not use the borrowed vocabulary that serves
the sphere of gallant relations.

dc.subject

value: Kantemir

value: secular culture

value: Russian lexicography of 18th century

value: libertinage

value: cultural transfer


dc.contributor.author

value: Boiarkina, Polina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Boiarkina P. V. Onegin type of hero in the Russian poetry of 1840s and 1850s (N. M. Yazykov, Ap. Grigoriev, N. P. Ogarev, N. A. Nekrasov). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 304–319. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of the Onegin type of hero in the
poetic works written in 1840s–1850s. The European models Pushkin’s character is based on
are indicated directly in the text of the novel: these are the works of J. G. Byron, Ch. R. Maturin,
B. Constant, F. R. Chateaubriand and Ch. Nodier. They embody two types of heroes:
demonic (characters of Byrons oriental poems, Melmoth, Jean Sbogar) and passive and reflective
(Rene, Adolphe, Childe Harold). The combination of their features in Onegin gave the
image volume and ambiguity. Inheriting the Onegin type of hero, the later literary tradition
often retained the features of only one of the two named types. The transformation of the image
was determined by the fact that the hero, firstly appeared in the 1840s, was moved from
the poetic reality into the context of prose and its social interests. However, at the same time,
Onegin type of hero still continued to appear in poetic texts, showing the transition of tradition
from one quality to another: tendencies characteristic of prose develop directly within
the framework of poetic texts. In the works of N. M. Yazykov and Ap. Grigoriev’s passive and
demonic types were embodied: the first — in the poetic dramatic scenes of Yazykov, the second
— in the poems of Grigoriev. And both poets are concerned with the problem of their
hero’s social unproductivity. N. P. Ogarev in his poem “Character” summarizes current idea
of the spiritual biography of the Onegin type of hero. “Confession of an Superfluous Man” by
Ogarev as well as “A Strange Case” by Yazykov are texts in which the problems associated with the measurement of high poetry are paired with modest everyday prose. In Nekrasov’s poem
“Sasha” almost all the characteristics of the Onegin type, as the authors of the 1850s saw it, are
collected and condemned.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 21; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Onegin type of hero

value: N. M. Yazykov

value: Ap. Grigoriev

value: N. P. Ogarev

value: N. A. Nekrasov


dc.contributor.author

value: Grigorieva, Elena N.

value: Zolotukhin, Veniamin T.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Grigorieva E. N., Zolotukhin V. T. Pushkin’s “Winter Evening” in the genre context of the era. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 332–343. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The analysis of a textbook Pushkin poem is aimed primarily at identifying how the lower
levels of its structure are organized. Phonetic repetitions and rhythmic patterns simultaneously reproduce the monotony and chaotic unpredictability of the winter cataclysm: the first
verse, thanks to its instrumentation, not only names, but recreates the sounds of the storm;
alliteration forms a spiral movement built on return and shift — like the moving tornadoes of
a snow blizzard. The meaning of words is projected onto the general musicality of their sound
structure and forces the reader to correlate phonetic repetitions and imagery of the text. The
identified rhythmic form, imitating the tonic verse of a folk song, makes it possible to clarify
the genre orientation of the first half of the text: it is the folk song at the level of rhythm and
figurative structure that declares itself from the first verses. The “voices” of a ballad, a folk
song, a friendly epistle, an elegy, a “Bacchic song” are co-present in the poem as a whole, not
only as its sources, but as equal participants in the formation of meaning. This chorus of genre
voices, the diversity of rhythmic and sound organization, the unexpected intonation of recognizable
motifs, the diversity of names of the addressee, the variability of the compositional
division of the text give rise to such semantic inexhaustibility that excludes an unambiguous
“minor” or “major” reading of the poem. A paradoxical effect arises — the “madeness” of the
text, proven by the analysis, not only does not refute, but provokes an inescapable “biographical”
reading of it: techniques and genre traditions “extinguish” each other, challenging the
literary quality of “Winter Evening”. The pragmatics of the poem is aimed at ensuring that the
reader sees in the lyrical hero an exiled poet, whiling away the evening alone with the nanny,
consoled by her songs.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: A. S. Pushkin

value: lyrics

value: “Winter Evening”

value: genre context

dc.title

value: Article

filename: 9-2-2024+для+сайта-44-55+Григорьева,+Золотухин.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Kuzmina, Marina D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kuzmina M. D. On the lyricism of the epistolary prose of the young K. S. Aksakov (analysis of one letter). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 381–398. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the St. Petersburg letter of K. S. Aksakov dated June 10, 1838, addressed
to parents. The first-born, a favorite of the family, he was separated from her for the first time
for a long time in the summer of 1838, having gone on a trip to the West. The reason was the
emotional trauma inflicted on him by his relatives. Aksakov’s path to Europe in the summer
of 1838 lay through St Petersburg. The young man drove there with anxiety and joy, hoping
for a date with “dear Mashen’ka”, as he called her, and for a showdown with her parents, and
finally, for a happy resolution of the situation. The first day in the northern capital gave him
great hope. He then wrote a letter to his parents, exactly the one that became the subject of
our attention. It is full of lyricism and is largely built according to the laws of a lyrical work.
The basis of the plot is reflection, through the prism of which space, time, surrounding people,
events and situations are “missed”. The latter prevail. There are no external events, as such,
capable of forming a plot. The text is anarrative. The plot develops according to the logic of a
cyclic scheme. Aksakov’s epistolary text is very comparable to A. S. Pushkin’s poem “K ***” (“I
remember a wonderful moment…”). At the same time, elegy becomes its genre dominant. The
key motifs of remembrance and sadness develop, since the epistolographer is busy constantly
comparing 1836 with 1838, trying to recognize “his own” Mashen’ka and experiencing the
drama of “unrecognition”, the mismatch of the happy past with the present. Pretty quickly, the young man realizes that he was mistaken in his hopes and more and more surrenders to the
power of melancholy.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: K. S. Aksakov

value: family writing

value: epistolary prose

value: lyricism

value: elegiacism


dc.contributor.author

value: Virolainen, Maria N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Virolainen M. N. Pushkin anthological epigram: Poetics of self-referentiality. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 320–331. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the nature and lyrical plot of Pushkin’s anthological epigram (the analysis
material is “Fragment” (“The darkness of night lies on the hills of Georgia”), “Nereida”, “Beauty in front of the mirror”, “Statue in Tsarskoye Selo”, “Who grew the tender roses of
Theocritus in the snow?” by Pushkin, as well as some anthological epigrams of his contemporaries).
The ancient Greek epigram, distinguished by clear formal features and a wide variety
of content, recorded, as a rule, only something static or instantaneous. This quality ensured,
in the eyes of Pushkin’s contemporaries, the authenticity of the transmission and perception
of the object depicted in the epigram. In anthological epigrams of the first third of the 19th
century, deviations from such primordial features of the genre as the elegiac distich and the
absence of rhyme were allowed, but the static nature, anti-narrativeness, and embodiment of
an instantaneous, non-deployable state characteristic of ancient models were preserved. In
connection with the last feature, the question arises as to whether a lyrical plot can be realized
within the framework of such a genre. Using the example of Pushkin’s epigrams, which are
not an inscription addressed to a really existing object, but create a convincing plastic image
(creating their own denotation), it is shown that the event component of such texts (their lyrical
plot) lies in the very act of embodiment of a visible object, in the act of its acquisition of
existence. In a number of cases, this act becomes the subject of poetic reflection, the epigram
comprehends itself and becomes self-referential. The substance of poetry, cleared of narration
(Yu. N. Chumakov’s terms), is presented in such cases as a self-creating and self-interpreting
principle.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 21; Issue 2

value: anthological poetry

value: epigram

value: self-referentiality


title: About Pushkinist V. M. Markovich

dc.contributor.author

value: Aleksandrova, Maria A.

value: Bol’shukhin, Leonid Iu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Aleksandrova M. A., Bol’shukhin L. Iu. About Pushkinist V. M. Markovich. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 293–303. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The recent publication of a volume containing the Pushkin studies authored by Vladimir Markovich
Markovich provides an excellent opportunity to reflect on this aspect of his research
legacy. The complexity and responsibility of this task is determined by the innovative and
programmatic nature of practically every article by Markovich on Pushkin, even though the
author himself never claimed to be a “discoverer of new ways”. As a Pushkinist, Markovich is
most known for his exceptional scholarly intuition and unwavering personal courage. In the
early period, these qualities enabled him to independently choose the scientific authorities
(the semi-forbidden Y. N. Tynyanov and M. M. Bakhtin); throughout his life, the scholar remained
independent of preconceived ideas and concepts of any origin, be it the official literary
discourse or intellectual fashion. Without adhering to a specific scientific school, Markovich
each time applied those methods and philological techniques that he considered adequate
to the object and matter of his research. In this respect, the scholar under discussion can be
compared to the protagonist of his studies, Pushkin, whose work did not fit into the patterns of
specific literary movements, but due to a wide range of artistic searches intersected with all literary
trends of the epoch contemporary to the writer. Confessing full and unconditional trust
in the text, possessing a unique sensitivity to Pushkin’s laws of meaning formation, Markovich
in his philological work is guided by the conviction that the meaning of an artistic statement
is boundless, and therefore was far from the somewhat priestly stance of some authoritative
Pushkinists. Both in principled scientific polemics and his attitude towards prospective readers,
Markovich took the position of dialogical equality with his interlocutor “in the presence”
of Pushkin. The researcher’s lifelong fidelity to the principle of responsibility for his own words
makes such Pushkin studies more than philology: it is high literature.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: V. M. Markovich

value: Pushkin

value: Pushkin studies

value: poetics

dc.title

value: About Pushkinist V. M. Markovich

dc.type

value: Article

filename: 9-2-2024+для+сайта-5-15+Александрова,+Большухин.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Dmitrieva, Nina L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dmitrieva N. L. Boileau — Voltaire — Pushkin: About the poem “French rhymers’ strict judge…”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 344–350. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Pushkin’s unfinished poem “French rhymers’ strict judge…” (1833) is an epistle addressed to
Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux, the famous theorist of French classicism. In 1820s–1830s, when
the Russian literary milieu was fascinated by romanticism, the significance of Boileau’s works
was being reassessed and his name began to be perceived as a symbol of the false idea of art.
Pushkin, on the contrary, calls him to be his “guide”. The poem is intentionally written in
classic Alexandrine verse, in the form of a classicist appeal to a grand master. At the same
time, the poet calls for support on another great classic, Voltaire, imitating his satirical “Épître
à Boileau”. Like Voltaire, Pushkin praises the addressee and like Voltaire, he does it with
irony. Pushkin chooses a typical classical genre, satirical epistle. Voltaire, the brightest figure
of the Enlightenment, worshiped the culture of the 17th century. Pushkin, although his works
contain many motifs of romanticism, cannot be viewed as an adherent of this movement, as
he did not consider it possible to sacrifice logical precision or the sense of proportion for the
sake of greater expressiveness. Interestingly, criticism of romanticism, the “new school”, is
complemented in the poem by condemnation of “commercial literature”, which was gaining
strength in the 1830s. The poet points out at condemnation of consumer attitudes by Voltaire
and Boileau. Pushkin’s epistle is a clear expression of his attitude towards the two main literary
movements of the 1830s. Referring to two great classics, Boileau and Voltaire, he gives his
preference to classicism.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Boileau

value: Voltaire

value: satire

value: classicism

value: satirical epistle


title: Communicative strategies and tactics of manipulation trolls in computer-mediated communication during COVID-19 pandemic

dc.contributor.author

value: Gukosiants, Olga Iu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gukosiants O. Iu. Communicative strategies and tactics of manipulation trolls in computer- mediated communication during COVID-19 pandemic. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 423–445. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The present paper is devoted to the study of the communicative behavior of manipulation
trolls that provoke a conflict situation and affect addressees during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The relevance of the article is due to the need for a comprehensive study of manipulative
influence in the Internet, the development of recommendations for identifying the manipulative
intention of the addresser and providing timely counteraction. Research tasks are: to
determine the strategies and tactics of manipulative conflict virtual interaction, to calculate
the types of manipulation trolls in the Russian-speaking Internet during the COVID-19 pandemic
using the example of comments on posts in the LiveJournal and Internet memes. The
study showed that the general strategy of manipulation was implemented in two main directions
— to establish the opponents’ point of view through reassurance and to incite collective hatred in order to create their own “support group”. Micro-strategies of exposure, self-presentation
and persuasion are recognized as special cases of the general strategy of manipulation.
It has been concluded that the micro-strategy of persuasion is implemented through the tactics
of referring to authority, reasoning/persuasion and negative scenario, the micro-strategy
of exposure — through the tactics of expressing distrust and irony, the micro-strategy of selfpresentation
— through the tactics of self-congratulation and distance. Particular attention is
paid to verbal and non-verbal markers in the communicative behavior of manipulation trolls.
The use of communicative-pragmatic analysis and semiotic analysis to study the structure of
the comments, verbal and iconic parts of Internet memes, descriptive method to generalize,
systematize, classify and interpret the obtained data made it possible to decode speech tactics
and correlate them with communicative micro-strategies used by different types of manipulation
trolls. The result of the work is the construction of schemata that reflects types of trolls of
the general type “manipulation troll” observed in the analyzed material, the communicative
micro-strategies and tactics they implement within the general manipulation strategy.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 21; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Internet-mediated communication

value: conflict discourse

value: manipulation strategy

value: trolling

value: troll

dc.title

filename: 9-2-2024+для+сайта-135-157+Гукосьянц.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Shchebrova, Svetlana Ya.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shchebrova, Svetlana. “The Religious Theme in the Work of Grigory Gurkin”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 14, no. 2 (2024): 336–362. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article explores the religious theme in the works of Grigory Ivanovich Gurkin (1870–
1937), the first professional artist of the Altai Mountains. A talented master of landscape, a
pupil of Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin, Gurkin became widely known after his first solo exhibition
in Tomsk in 1907. During the February Revolution he was elected chairman of the Altai
Mountain Duma, for which he was politically persecuted by the Bolsheviks and had to hide
in Mongolia and Tuva from 1919 to 1925. Homesickness forced Gurkin to return to the Altai
Mountains, but he remained politically unreliable for the Soviet authorities, and in 1937 he
was shot by the NKVD. After his rehabilitation in 1956, Gurkin’s life and work became the
subject of many studies, and after the establishment of the Altai Republic in 1992, Gurkin became
a figure-symbol of national and cultural identity. In the conditions of reconstruction of
Burkhanist and shamanistic practices in the Republic, it is relevant to study Gurkin’s pictorial
and graphic works depicting religious beliefs that existed in the Altai Mountains in the late
19th — early 20th centuries. As a result of culturological and semiotic analysis, the interpretation
of the artist’s works on religious themes is supplemented. The first painting on the theme
of shamanism “Sacrificial Night” or “Kamlanie” (1895) revealed profane and sacred elements:
the peculiarities of the material culture of the Kumandins and the theme of the sacred tree, the
mirror-like surface of water and the symbolic unity of the worlds of the shamanic universe.
From this work, reality in Gurkin’s painting and graphics is supplemented by mythological
representations. In the painting “The First Ray of Christianity in Altai” Gurkin combined Orthodox
and pagan pictures of the world to show the contradictory nature of the Christianisation
process. Chet Chelpanov’s portrait contains a psychological characterisation of the leader
of Burkhanism, and Gurkin’s detailed comments help to determine the time of the emergence
of new phenomena in the religious culture of the Altai Mountains.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation within the project no. 22-18-
00018 “Ethnosophy of Altai: Ideology and Mythology of National Consciousness”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: G. I. Gurkin

value: orthodoxy

value: Christianisation of the Altai Mountains

value: shamanism

value: Burkhanism

value: Chet Chelpanov

value: national images of the world

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Yaylenko, Evgeny V.

value: Uranchimeg, Dorjsuren

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yaylenko, Evgeny, and Dorjsuren Uranchimeg. “Paradoxes of Historical Consciousness in Ulaanbaatar Monumental Sculpture. Ideological Function of Monuments in the Context of ‘Mongolian National Revival’ in the 21st Сentury”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 14, no. 2 (2024): 363–381. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article deals with Ulaanbaatar monumental sculptures which have been produced during
the course of the last 20 years. It studies various processes typical of the socio-political and
cultural life of present-day Mongolia that impressed greatly content as well as style of many
monuments erected in honor of the outstanding leaders of this country. The core idea of these
artworks consists in developing the concept of the national identity which became characteristic
of the spiritual life of Mongolia after the Democratic Revolution of 1990. In its turn, this
concept is based on specific interpretation of Mongolia’s historical past which is focused on
the figure of Chingis khan as an embodiment of the national idea. The establishment of his
cult in the democratic country with market economy forms an essential element in the process
designated in this article as “Mongolian national revival”. Within the general framework of
the state cultural policy, this tendency found its expression in erecting a wide range of various
monuments dedicated to the Great Khan as well as other rulers of mediaeval Mongolia. On
the other hand, it’s also evident that this policy implies an idea of historical continuity that
provides a link between different epochs of Mongolian history. This leads to the conclusion that Communist leaders of the People’s Republic of Mongolia are nowadays considered as the
true hears of the mediaeval rulers of the country because they also contributed to the Mongolian
civilization building. This article demonstrates what kind of artistic means have been
implemented in solving this task. One of the major concerns consisted in involving the viewer
in comprehending meaning of the monuments. This stimulated the emergence of the new and
highly innovative artistic typology of the monumental-didactic sculptural ensemble exemplified
in the monument to the singer S. Tsogtsaihan.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Mongolia

value: Chingis khan

value: People’s Republic of Mongolia

value: national identity

value: Mongolian national revival

value: sculpture

value: monument

value: I. E. Repin’s Institute

dc.title

filename: 07_ЯйленкоУранчимэг_2024-2.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Pechenkin, Ilia E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pechenkin, Ilia. “Neoclassicism with a British Accent: Edwardian and Georgian Reflections in Russian Architecture of the 1900s–1910s”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 14, no. 2 (2024): 382–404. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is dedicated to one of the stylistic trends of architecture of the Russian Empire in
the early decades of the 20th century, namely neoclassics. The repertoire of classical architecture
as such is cosmopolitan, but the very idea of arousing the classics at the beginning of the
last century, marked by the appearance of Art Nouveau and the beginnings of modernism,
turned out to be equally close to Great Britain in the Edwardian era and Russia during the
time of the last emperor. This unanimity in the rejection of stylistic innovations is interesting
as a phenomenon and undoubtedly deserves special study. At this stage, it can be stated
that in Russian neoclassicism there was also a place for Anglomania, which was expressed,
however, not in formal echoes of the Edwardian style, but in an interest in the history of the
British classical tradition (primarily, the architecture of the Georgian era). The Edwardian
idea of reviving the noble style of the past was embodied in Russia both in direct appeals to
the legacy of Charles Cameron, who, serving the order of Catherine the Great, was an agent
of Georgian architecture, and in an appeal to English scholars, who provided rich material on
ancient Roman archaeology. The English influence in Russian neoclassicism is traced in the
article from the very beginning (i. e. the moment when the Mansion of the Racing Society in
Moscow, considered the first building of this stylistic movement, was designed by Ivan Zholtovsky
in 1903) through the programmatic “Cameron-style” architecture of the Prince Sergey
Shcherbatov’s house in the same place, created by Alexander Tamanyan, to those “Georgian”
apartments inside the Palace on the Moika river embankment that were designed by Andrey
Beloborodov for Prince Felix Yusupov, one of the most famous Anglomaniacs of St. Petersburg.
“Georgian” reflections are also found in the Moscow mansion of Gavriil Tarasov built by
Zholtovsky. Its exterior contains some references not only to Palladio’s Palazzo Thiene (Vicenza),
but also to London’s Burlington House designed by Colen Campbell. Thus, the British “accent”
in Russian neoclassicism of the 1900s–1910s sounds no less obvious than the Italian one.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: architecture of the early 20th century

value: neoclassicism

value: Edwardian style

value: British influences

value: Ivan Zholtovsky

value: Alexander Tamanyan

value: Andrey Beloborodov


dc.contributor.author

value: Panov, Alexei A.

value: Rosanoff, Ivan V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Panov, Alexei, and Ivan Rosanoff. “D-B Mus.ms. Bach P 803, Georg Simon Löhlein, and Surroundings. Part I”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 14, no. 2 (2024): 233–263. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.202

dc.description.abstract

value:
One of the most valuable handwritten folio D-B Mus.ms. Bach P 803, stored in the
Staatsbibliothek in Berlin, contains twenty-six layers, which are bound together. It is often
associated with the name of Johann Ludwig Krebs, which for a long time gave the impression
that the handwritten texts were also done by Krebs. The manuscript was indeed for a long
time in Krebs’ house, and J. L. along with his father J. T. Krebs and J. G. Walther, as well as other
lesser-known musicians, was one of the copyists. Of the twenty-six attachments, only the
second (p. 9–23; further: P 803-II) contained a verbal text and tables with an interpretation of
ornaments. It has not been possible to determine who was the copyist of P 803-II to date, and
the concept of “anonymous copyist” has become anchored. In 1933, L. Landshoff turned to the
tables with the performance of ornaments in P 803-II in connection with the interpretation of
keyboard music by J. S. Bach, and forwarded the concept that the author of the text of P 803-II
was the famous student of Bach J. L. Krebs. For the first time this myth was partially refuted
by D. Wilson in 1979, who discovered the absolute similarity of the ornament Der Pralltriller
oder Abzug in P 803-II and in the Clavierschule of G. S. Löhlein. Later Fr. Neumann wrote in
more detail on this topic in his work on ornamentation (1978). The author also claimed that
the anonymous copyist used the fourth edition of the Löhlein’s Klavierschule (1782) as a model
for P 803-II. Thus, the assumption made by H. Zietz that P 803-II was based on the treatise by
D. G. Türk (1789) turned out to be erroneous too. Studying these materials, the authors of this
article drew attention to the many inaccuracies and false judgments associated with both the
handwritten source P 803-II and the peculiarity of the anonymous scribe’s work with Löhlein’s
text, as well as with many statements by the above-mentioned authors. It was shown that
the third edition of the Löhlein’s manual on clavichord playing (1779) should have served as
the primary basis for the anonymous copyist. Special attention was paid to inaccuracies and
incorrect recommendations in connection with the interpretation of ornaments. A detailed
consideration of the available realizations of ornaments in P 803-II and their interpretation
will be established in the following second part of this paper.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: D-B Mus.ms. Bach P 803

value: Georg Simon Löhlein

value: Clavierschule

value: Pralltriller

value: ornamentation in German keyboard music

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shlykova, Tatyana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shlykova, Tatyana, “Faience Art Item’s Stylistic Analysis in the Context of Its Complex Investigation (аs Exemplified by a 19th Century Tureen)”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 14, no. 2 (2024): 436–448. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Awareness of the importance of studying faience art industry of the 19th century reveals itself
in the increasing researchers’ attention to this material. In this regard, a faience tureen with
overglaze monochrome painting applied by transfer printing technique produced by the Creil
factory (France) aroused interest. Stylistic analysis and the search for analogues allowed to
confirm production place and time of the item, to assess its artistic merits, to identify the
pictorial sources of its decoration, and to analyze features of transferring a two-dimensional
image to a three-dimensional ceramic surface using the transfer printing technique. Revealing
the sources of pictorial decoration on ceramic objects is recognized as a valuable result of art
history research, since the question of relationship between pictorial motifs on ceramic art
items and contemporary graphics is not elaborated enough both in Russian and foreign art
history. For the same reason, investigation on the issues of adapting a two-dimensional original image to a curved shape, i. e. of coordinating the shape and decoration of a ceramic item,
are also valuable: these aspects are also presented extremely scarcely in art historical studies.
Stylistic analysis is not sufficient very often for attributing ceramic art objects; therefore, other
research methods such as archival heuristics and expertise using natural science methods are
often involved for this purpose. Both archival documents and production casts and molds of
the Creil factory have been lost. The shape and size of the object are difficult for instrumental
study. Under such conditions, stylistic analysis turns out to be the leading method for studying
items of the kind. Realizing all the limitations of this method, we demonstrate its capabilities
where the use of others is significantly difficult or impossible.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research is supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation grant no. 21-19-00412 “Elaboration
of Effective Methods for Analyzing the Surface of Ceramic Art Objects to Improve the Quality and Reliability
of Art Historical Research and Conservation”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: stylistic analysis

value: pictorial analog

value: scientific description

value: cultural heritage object

value: artistic ceramic industry

value: fine faience

value: transfer printing

value: Creil manufacture


dc.contributor.author

value: Kalenchuk, Maria L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kalenchuk M. L. On the synchronic and diachronic approaches to the codification of chronologically correlated pronunciation variants. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2024, 21 (2): 467–477. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2024.212 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article raises the question of the possibility of combining a synchronic and diachronic
approach in the formulation of codification recommendations in orthoepic dictionaries. The
analysis showed a number of problems when introducing information about chronologically
correlated pronouncing variants. А combination of synchronic and diachronic aspects in the
codification of orthoepic norms is possible. Changing the information attributed to normative
marks allows not only to fix the real pronunciation in a particular era, but also makes it
possible to submit the material systematically, indicating dynamic processes. But it should
be distinguished: the parallel existence of different sociolinguistic subsystems, which can be
called the older and younger systems and the simultaneous functioning of different normative
subsystems. There is no one-to-one correspondence between these two descriptions. It is
proposed to introduce the following marks into lexicographic practice: “obsoleting” — indicates
that the second variant is less commonly used, it appeared in the language earlier than
the first, and characterizes the outgoing pronunciation patterns, gradually replaced by the
new norm; “new” — indicates that the second variant is less commonly used in the speech
of educated people, it appeared in the language later than the first variant, and characterizes
new pronouncing patterns that gradually replace the old norm. With this approach, the mark
will provide information about different aspects of the functioning of correlated variants: frequency
(more often used or less often), the time of their appearance in the language system
(earlier or later), the vector of their movement (coming into or leaving the system).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 21; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: orthoepy

value: lexicography

value: pronunciation variants

value: codification


dc.contributor.author

value: Sechin, Alexander G.

value: Abdullina, Darina A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sechin, Alexander, and Darina Abdullina. “Prince Dmitry Golitsyn’s Program Speech ‘On Drawing’ (1769): The Origin of the Text and Its Historical and Aesthetic Significance”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 14, no. 2 (2024): 282–308. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is dedicated to the speech “On Drawing” by the honorary member of the Imperial
Academy of Arts, Prince Dmitry Alekseevich Golitsyn (1734–1803), which he delivered in
July 1769 at a solemn public meeting of the Academy. Its text was discovered in the Russian
State Historical Archive in the middle of the 20th century and was long considered his original
work, written first in French and then translated into Russian. The main outcome of the
research conducted by the authors of this article was the discovery of the original source of
this text by Golitsyn, namely the beginning of the dialogue of the same title from the French
edition of the book by the English traveler and writer Daniel Webb “Recherches sur les beautés
de la peinture” (1765). Since the Englishman’s book was the result of his tour to Rome, where
he has met the scholar J. J. Winckelmann and the painter A. R. Mengs, an amateur art historian,
Webb, retelling in his essay the thoughts of German theorists about imitation of ancient artists,
unwittingly became a transmission link in the arrival of neoclassical ideas to Russia. Denis
Diderot got acquainted with the French translation of Webb’s book before Golitsyn, wrote an
essay about it for F. M. Grimm’s “La Correspondance littéraire” and, apparently, recommended
it to the prince. However, Golitsyn did not copy word-for-word Webb’s text, but adapted it
for his purpose — to compose a program speech to the high assembly of Russia’s main educational
institution in the field of fine arts, which is gaining strength. Unlike Wincklemann
and Webb, who appealed exclusively to the past, the Russian aristocrat, following Diderot, saw
the future progress of modern art not in blind imitation of ancient masters, but in the revival
of the emotional and intellectual power of ancient art through the efforts of free artists. The
political conditions of the Russian Empire during the reign of Catherine II predetermined the
laudatory tone of his speech in the spirit of the absolute monarchy of Louis XIV.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by the Russian Scientific Foundation (RSF) according to the research
project no. 22-28-01007 “Manuscripts of Prince D. A. Golitsyn (1734–1803) Devoted to the Issues of Fine
Art. Full Transcript, Scientific Commentary and Preparation for Publication”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Arts;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Dmitry Alekseevich Golitsyn

value: Daniel Webb

value: Johann Joachim Winckelmann

value: Anton Raphael Mengs

value: Denis Diderot

value: the Imperial Academy of Arts

value: ancient art

value: neoclassicism

value: drawing

dc.title

value: Article

filename: 04_СечинАбдуллина_2024-2.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Titov, Georgii V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Titov, Georgii. “The Portrayal of the Holy Convicts from the 5th Step of the Ladder of John Climacus in the Russian Art of the 16th Century”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 14, no. 2 (2024): 309–335. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the art of Rus’ of the Late Middle Ages there is a certain number of scattered pieces of art
that share an iconographic cycle of the Monastic Feats — images of different sorts of self-torture
that are described in the 5th logos of the Ladder of John Climacus. This chapter of the
Ladder was copied not only as a part of the whole treaty, but on its own as well and inspired a
ramified iconographic tradition first in the Byzantine Empire and then, since the 16th century,
in Rus’. These monks resort to the mortification of the flesh for their ultimate absolution. In
the article, all the examples of the Monastic Feats iconography which survived from the 16th
century are taken to examination and analysed. As a result, two new attributions are proposed,
one for the illuminated manuscript of the Ladder from the collection of the riznitsa of Trinity
Lavra of St. Sergius and another for the vita icon of John Climacus from the Rybinsk Museum
Reserve. From their analysis within the relative artistic context stems a suggestion of their
Novgorod origin. In addition, a different and more early dating is proposed for the Rybinsk
icon in relation to its identification with an image mentioned in the inventory of the Antoniev
monastery in Novgorod. Some ideas are expressed about the choice of the subject of the Monastic
Feats for the galleries of the Annunciation Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin that were
repainted after the fire of 1547. The conclusion of the article is that the spread and development
of the iconography of the Monastic Feats should be ascribed to the art of Novgorod at
the era of archiepiscopacy Macarius or soon after. Therefore, it is the Novgorod art that played
a decisive role in the creation of the visual representation of the 5th logos of the Ladder, one of
the most expressive and impactful pieces of text in the Slavic literacy.

dc.subject

value: John Climacus

value: Iconography of the Heavenly Ladder

value: monastic feats

value: monastic subjects in art

value: iconography of the monks

value: holy convicts

value: Old Russian art

value: art of Novgorod

value: art during the reign of Ivan IV