dc.contributor.author

value: Truong, Anh Thuan

dc.identifier.citation

value: Truong Anh Thuan. Processes of Receiving Western Astronomy in China and Vietnam. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 2, рp. 469–490.

dc.description.abstract

value:
From the sixteenth century to the eighteenth century, in an effort to introduce and develop
Christianity in China and Vietnam, Western missionaries, especially the Jesuit missionaries,
found an effective way to realize this purpose: to use European scientific and technological
achievements in order to satisfy the curiosity of kings, mandarins and intellectuals as well
as their desire to learn new knowledge, thereby hoping to successfully attract the said social
forces to follow the way which created a unique phenomenon: Christianity gradually entered
the hearts of two nations of China and Vietnam along with the process of receiving Western
scientific and technological achievements in these two countries. In particular, astronomy was
one of the most typical fields. The article thoroughly analyzes means of introducing and results
of receiving Western astronomy in China and Vietnam from the sixteenth century to the eighteenth
century on the basis of the original historical data and studies by Chinese, Vietnamese
and international scholars as well the application of historical research methods combined
with comparative study methods. It elucidates the similarities and differences in the process
of receiving Western astronomy in these two countries and contributes to the scholarship on
the history of East-West cultural exchange in China and Vietnam in the sixteenth, seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: astronomy

value: the West

value: China

value: Vietnam

value: Christianity

value: Society of Jesus

value: mission

value: missionary


dc.contributor.author

value: Shorokhov, Vladimir A.

value: Slesarev, Timur A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shorokhov V. A., Slesarev T. A. Archive Files on the Şahin Geray’s Contribution to the Russo-Persian Relations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 2, рp. 618– 632.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper aims to provide insight into the content of the diplomatic documents from the “Persian”
fund of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, which reveals the role of the Crimean
prince Şahin Geray in relations between Safavid Iran and the Russian Tsardom at the turn of
the 1620s and 1630s. A detailed source examination is given to a group of nineteen texts dated
by 1630. This set consists of letters in Turki and Farsi as well as their Russian translations
and a preface by the administrators of Astrakhan. The addressees of correspondence were
Astrakhan and Terek voivodes and the governor of the non-Russian population of the Terky
Sholokh Cherkassky. The senders were Shah Safi I, Şahin Geray, beglerbeg of Shirvan Qazaq
Khan and shamkhal of Tarki Ildar. The materials analyzed reflect the attempts of the aforementioned
political emigrant, with the support of the Shahs Abbas the Great and then Safi I,
to obtain diplomatic and military assistance from Moscow and the local Russian authorities
of the Ciscaucasia in reconquering the Crimea. The authors reveal the details of the plan of
Şahin Geray and the reasons for the Russian negative stance on any combinations involving
the former Crimean qalga. The scholars conclude that Shah’s supportof the political figure
unacceptable for the Romanov monarchy became one of the significant factors holding back
the development of Russian-Persian relations in the period under review. In the appendix,
there is a Turki text of the firman by Safi I to voivodes, as well as its contemporary and recent
translations into Russian.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by the research grant No. 18-78-10052 “The Documentary History of the
Russian Strand of Safavid Diplomacy (1501–1722)” of the Russian Scienсe Foundation.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Russo-Persian Relations in 17th century

value: Şahin Geray

value: Safi I

value: Mikhail Fyodorovich

value: archive files

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Galtsin, Dmitrii D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Galtsin D. D. Printed Hebrew Bibles in the Russian Academy of Science Library. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 2, рp. 546–565.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Rare Book collection of the Russian Academy of Science Library (Biblioteka Akademii
Nauk, BAN) includes a number of editions in Hebrew language printed between 1500s and
1800s. The article focuses on the editions of Biblical text produced in Italy, Spain, France,
Germany, Holland and England during the era of European history when religious divisions
caused by Reformation encouraged Christians to seek legitimation of their confessional
choice by studying and reproducing Hebrew Scripture. The Hebrew text which the Christians
published became a polemical weapon employed by different groups against their opponents
and against the Jews as their common Other. Nevertheless, an interest in the original Biblical
text not only fostered the development of textual criticism and Biblical scholarship but also
stimulated the new scholarly inter-faith and interconfessional cooperaton. BAN collection
holds copies of Daniel Bomberg’s Mikraot Gedolot (1547) and Biur ha-Torah (1544), Robert
Estienne’s Bible (1539–1542), several polyglot Biblies (Polyglotta Complutensis, Antwerp
polyglot, London polyglot) and other multilingual editions with translations into Latin and
other European languages. Some of these books were part of prominent private collections,
such as king Sigismundus II Augustus’ library of Vilno, or the home library of bishop of Tver’
Theophylactus Lopatinsky. The article examines the history and influence of certain editions
and studies the BAN copies with respect to their provenance, their use by the readers and their
significance in the history of reading and education.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Hebrew Bible

value: Russian Academy of Science Library (BAN)

value: book history

value: polyglot Bible


dc.contributor.author

value: Rodionova, Elizaveta V.

value: Balan, Kseniia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rodionova E. V., Balan K. A. Representation of Ethnic Conflict in the Media in the Post-Soviet Period. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 2, рp. 519–534.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Mass media with the help of language form the picture of the world among readers, listeners,
spectators. For this reason, studies of the representation of ethnic problems and issues in the
media are important as the media is special linguistic tool to influence public opinion. The tradition
of analyzing the media and identifying the main ways of representing ethnic problems
was formed in the 1970s. Scientifically-based monitoring of Russian media activities in such a
delicate and painful area as coverage of various aspects of inter-ethnic interaction is necessary
and very much in demand. We believe that the range of tools used by media to shape attitudes
to different ethnic conflicts and problems is very diverse. The main working hypothesis of
the study was the assumption that the style of presenting information on ethnic issues has
changed significantly over the post-Soviet period, and the media place considerable emphasis
on the emotional component. To achieve this, appropriate graphics (photos, pictures) and
catchy emotional headlines should be used. Content analysis of more than 300 publications
in the electronic newspaper “Arguments and facts” and on the portal “Fontanka.ru” showed
that it is not so. Dramatic techniques, catchy headlines with a large number of emotional
statements were peculiar to the period of the 90s, while after 2010 there has been an increase
in the number of articles in a neutral style, and the range of covered issues has widened. To a
large extent, the choice of events for media coverage depends on editorial policy and is related
to the adoption of the agenda.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article is prepared with the support of RSF No. 15-18-00119 “Historical experience in governing
ethnic diversity and ethno-confessional conflicts in the imperial, Soviet and post-Soviet Russia: interdisciplinary
research”.

dc.subject

value: ethnic conflict

value: media

value: content analysis

value: dramatization

value: manipulation

value: migrant phobia


dc.contributor.author

value: Weber, Dmitriy I.

value: Nosova, Ekaterina I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Weber D. I., Nosova E. I. Town Book Niederstatbuch as a Source for Medieval Lübeck Society. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 2, рp. 535–545.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to a town book known as Niederstadtbuch. The main attention is paid
to the draft version (the so-called Urschrift) of the manuscript of this source, which is stored
in the Scientific Library of Tomsk State University. The source, mainly, contains information
about loans. The Latin name of the book was ‟liber debitorum”. One of the issues which the article
focuses on is proofreading. First of all, the text bears corrections which were of a semantic
nature. Of particular importance was the study of the strikethrough positions. Their number
is 61 crossed out positions. In the course of the research was established the logic of the records’
creation. The creditor personally applied for registration of the record in the office.
Cases in which it was stated that the debtor’s record was made in the absence of the creditor
could most likely be considered an exception to the rule. Most likely, the creditor either initiated
the cancellation of the record itself or through its authorized representative. The debtor
may also have initiated cancellation, as evidenced by the reference to its being held liable for it. In addition, several hands of scribes were found, including one based on a clean version, the
so-called Reinschrift from the Lübeck archive. The first secretary was Theodore. In most cases,
he certified the entries in the book, but in some cases, his hand was also used to write the main
text. The second secretary was Johann Lebradé. The third secretary was Hartwick Brekewalt.
A comparison with the Tomsk manuscript revealed that his hand also appears in the draft of
the source under study.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This article was prepared for the project RSF 17-78-20011.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Niederstadtbuch

value: town book

value: Hansa

value: Lübeck Law

value: Lübeck Council

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Rybar, Lukas

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rybar L. Shirvān and its Role in the Russo-Safavid Trade and Diplomacy in the 16th Century. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 2, рp. 605–617.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with trade role of Shirvān in the diplomacy between the Muscovite Rus’ (or
Russian Tsardom) and Safavid Empire in the 16th century. Shirvān as a historical and geographical
area in the east of the South Caucasus (near The Caspian Sea) was a very important
centre of international trade even in the earlier period. In 1538, Shirvān became a part of the
Safavid Empire (as a border administrative entity — Beylerbeylik). Some important caravan
routes led through the Shirvānian cities (Shamakhi, Baku, Darband). Merchants from Eastern
Europe (predominantly from Muscovite Rus’) came along these trade routes to Persia with
their goods. In addition, Shirvān was also an important source of several commercial goods
such as silk, various fabrics, oil, carpets and more. After the conquest of Kazan and Astrakhan
Khanates, the interest of the Muscovite Rus’ in the South Caucasus regions (including
Shirvān) and Safavid Persia intensified, which is apparent in the increase of diplomatic contacts
between the Russian Tsar (or Muscovite Tsar) and Safavid Shah. The subject of these negotiations
was mostly trade. When the Ottoman-Safavid war (1578–1590) broke out, the territory
of Shirvān got under control of the Ottoman Empire. An international trade exchange
across its territory was temporarily interrupted but the Russo-Safavid diplomacy continued,
and this fact led to the intensification of diplomatic exchanges. Following the Russian sources
(archival and published documents), I would like to show the key aspects of negotiations, in
which Shirvān (especially such cities as Baku, Darband and Shamakhi) played a profound role
in the diplomatic relationships between the Russian Tsar and Safavid Shah at the end of 16th
century.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Shirvān

value: trade

value: diplomacy

value: Muscovite Rus’

value: Safavid Empire

value: 16th century


dc.contributor.author

value: Komarkov, Aleksandr Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Komarkov A. Yu. Concerning the Reasons for the Defeat of the Western Front during the Initial Stage of the Great Patriotic War. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 2, рp. 409–432.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper looks into the causes of the disaster of the Soviet Western front defeated by Germans
in the first days of the Great Patriotic war. It is a well-known fact that the beginning of
the war in June 1941 brought about a shattering defeat of Russia. The situation was most adverse
in the Western direction where the enemy destroyed the main forces of the first echelon
of the Red army. Thereby, Wehrmacht not only received an opportunity to capture Belarus
but also to break out toward Moscow. It is not surprising that these events continue to attract
the attention of both Russian and foreign historians. Unfortunately, some of them trying to
determine the prerequisites for the tragedy of June 22 present ambiguous versions. Among
them, there is a statement about the discrepancy between the realities of war and the preparedness
and military defense planning of the Soviet army. An illustrative example is the
article by I. A. Basyuk, Professor from Grodno, “‘Leading troops on the battlefield abandoning
stupid and harmful linear tactics’: the main reason for the military disaster of 1941 in Belarus”
published in the magazine “Russian history” in 2015. According to him, the Soviet command
was unable to learn from the experience of war in Europe and continued to demonstrate its
commitment to linear tactics neglecting strike groups. It led to the development of plans to
cover the borders of the USSR with evenly distributed troops along the front with no means to
counter the offensive of superior enemy forces. But was it really so?

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 2

value: Great Patriotic War

value: Western front

value: Belorussia

value: Red Army

value: Army Group Centre

value: People’s Commissariat of Defense

value: Red Army General Staff

value: military defense planning

value: the Border battles


dc.contributor.author

value: Puzanov, Daniil V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Puzanov D. V. Visionariness and Perceptions of Flying Serpents. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 2, рp. 502–518.

dc.description.abstract

value:
There is a close relationship between memorates about flying serpents and special psychological
states and visions. In southern Slavs, they are caused by mental illnesses and states of
religious trance. In the north of the Slavic area, where widows’ visions are attributed to the
actions of flying serpents, some parallels can be drawn between these phenomena and modern
urban culture and the symptoms of acute grief when a person who has lost a relative can
experience hallucinations involving the deceased. Despite the obvious similarities between
the plots in which the flying serpent in a form of a dead spouse or a dead person himself visit
the widow, the situation in which the form of the deceased is not related to the deceased itself
requires further explanation. Even more so, since the Udmurt mythology, where the fiery
serpent is not known, demonstrates exactly the same situation. The mediation of spirits could
be connected with the belief in the impenetrability of the boundary between the afterlife and
the world of the living. But it is not clear how such psychological phenomena in the past were
mythologized. The article shows that there is some similarity, albeit rarely observed, between
the Southern Slavic perceptions and Eastern Slavic folklore with regard to the relationship
between the serpent and the obsessed and “demonic games”. It is possible to hypothesize that
initially the appearance of a flying serpent was associated with the erotic techniques of ecstasy,
and afterwards it became instrumental in understanding the nature of mental illnesses and
manifestations of strong feelings caused by the loss of a close person.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article was prepared with the support of the Comprehensive Program of Fundamental Scientific
Research, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, project No. 18-6-6-38.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: acute grief

value: hallucinations

value: flying serpent

value: fire serpent

value: religious trance

value: undead

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Urushadze, Amiran T.

value: Sulaberidze, Zurab N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Urushadze A. T., Sulaberidze Z. N. The Caucasian Viceroy Michael Vorontsov and his Fraction. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 2, рp. 375–391.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the patronage network of the first Caucasian Viceroy Michael Vorontsov.
The research is based on the patronizing letters of the Viceroy to the Director of the Caucasian
Committee Vladimir Butkov, as well as on the correspondence between Michael Vorontsov
and employees and supporters. Michael Vorontsov’s fraction consisted of representatives from
various social groups: military, officials, local nobility, religious leaders, merchant circles. This
diversity is explained both by the peculiarities of the personality of the Caucasian Viceroy,
who combined the qualities of a nobleman, an army leader, a manager, and the socio-political
conditions of the region which was led by Michael Vorontsov. The Caucasian Viceroy
managed to form a reliable patronage network, which excluded the opposition and was the
basis of the regional autocracy of the Viceroy. The administrative apparatus was made up of
experienced officials who served with Vorontsov in the Novorossiysk region. Among the local
population who supported the Viceroy was the Georgian princely clans, including the Orbeliani
family, as well as the Armenian merchants. The formation of a loyal fraction was also
necessary in the context of a confrontation with the Ministerial bureaucracy, whose ties with
local institutions were suppressed or extremely formalized. Loyalty of clients was provided by
promotions, awards and material prosperity. The system created by Vorontsov proved to be
durable. His successors also relied in the capital on the Caucasian Committee and its Director,
and within the Viceroyalty — on the same corporations and individuals who were patronized
by the first Caucasian Viceroy.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by the grant of the Russian Scientific Foundation (project No. 17-78-20117).

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Russian Empire

value: Caucasus

value: Caucasian Viceroyalty


dc.contributor.author

value: Świderska-Włodarczyk, Urszula

dc.identifier.citation

value: Świderska-Włodarczyk U. The Contemporary Stereotype of the Polish Gentry and its Historical Conditions. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, iss. 2, рp. 491–501.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Stereotypes constitute an important means of explaining past and present reality. Therefore,
they are a significant component of consciousness of all times and places. In this context, stereotypes
have always been associated with the conscious propaganda of contemporary power
centers. In practice, they enable not only to degrade competitors, but above all they occupy a
permanent place in the mass consciousness. In the end, these efforts aim at embedding stereotypical
beliefs about the value or anti-value of certain individuals, social groups and entire
nations. Moreover, even when the validity of a given propaganda wanes, the once-established
stereotype remains alive. The contemporary stereotype of Polish nobility is not only a product
of our time. Old Polish preachers, intellectuals of bourgeois and peasant origin, anti-Polish
spokesmen and antinobility propaganda promoted during the partitions, as well as architects
of the post-war political system who made the nobility the number one enemy worked within
this frame of mind. The final effect is a clearly negative image of a modern nobleman. To a
large extent, it has been based on an equally negative stereotype. It is confirmed by a survey
conducted in the selected groups of high school students, university students and PhD
students. The same conclusions can be made on the analysis of school textbooks and direct
observation of media communication on educational portals. They all comprise a collective
portrait of native nobility, in which flaws take precedence over merits, while the slogan that
has been popular nowadays — “the nobility does not work” — should be considered the essence
of antinobility myth.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Polish gentry

value: stereotype

value: myth

value: image

value: personal model

value: antimodel

value: noble values

value: moral standards

value: propaganda

value: Sarmatism

value: tradition

value: culture


dc.contributor.author

value: Sheseña, Alejandro

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sheseña A. Metonyms and Metaphors in Hieroglyphic Texts of the Ancient Maya. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2020, vol. 65, issue 2, рp. 433–447.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article discusses the presence of figurative language resources, specifically metonyms
and metaphors, in the language used in the hieroglyphic inscriptions of the ancient Maya.
In particular, it is argued that certain syntactic constructions, previously not addressed by
scholars, that appear in the inscriptions actually express metonyms and metaphors related
to anger and bravery. This has become possible when the hieroglyphic texts are not merely
rendered as literal translations but analysed philologically, which in this case has enabled
to identify the figurative resources. Thus, considering the linguistic references in use by the
descendants of the ancient Maya, and based on particular cases taken from representative
inscriptions, the article highlights the main features of the metonymies and metaphors in
question. The fact that these figurative resources are located in royal titles or attributive
adjectives forming names of rulers is stressed. Therefore, the article includes a discussion of

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 65; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: ancient Maya

value: Maya writing

value: Mayan languages

value: figurative language

value: metonyms and metaphors

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Basov, Vladimir V.

value: Iljin, Yuriy A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Basov V.V., Iljin Yu. A. On the existence of a solution of the boundary initialvalue problem. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2020, vol. 7 (65), issue 2, pp. 277–288.

dc.description.abstract

value:
An initial-value problem for an ordinary differential equation of the first order, is considered.
It is supposed that the right-hand side of the equation is a continuous function defined on
a set consisting of an open set and a part of its bound. Sufficient conditions of the existence
and of non-existence of a solution through initial point belonging to the boundary part of
the set of definition, are presented.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The work is supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant N19-01-00388).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 7 (65); Issue 2

dc.subject

value: initial-value boundary problem

value: existence of a solution

value: Peano segment


dc.contributor.author

value: Bibikov, Yuri N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Basov V.V., Bibikov Yu.N. On the stability of “nonlinear center” under quasiperiodic perturbations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2020, vol. 7 (65), issue 2, pp. 269–276.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The problem of the stability of the zero solution of a system with critical point of the “center”
type at the origin, is considered. Such problem for autonomous systems was investigated by
Liapunov. Investigations of Liapunov were continued by the authers for systems periodic in
time. In the present paper systems with quasi-periodic dependence on time, are considered.
It is supposed that the basic frequencies of quasi-periodic functions sutisfy the standard
condition of diophantine type. The problem under consideration can be intepreted as the
problem of the stability of the state of equilibrium of the oscillator ¨x + x2n−1 = 0, n is a
integer, n ≥ 2, under “small” quasiperiodic pertubations.

value: stability

value: center

value: quasi-periodic function


dc.contributor.author

value: Prilutsky, Alexander M.

value: Bogachev, Aleksei M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Prilutsky A. M., Bogachev A. M. Psychological aspects of preparation for and participation in the sacraments of сonfession and the eucharist in the Orthodox Church. Issues of Theology, 2020, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 297–314.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article presents an attempt to understand some of the phenomena and processes
associated with the participation of a faithful Orthodox Christian in the sacraments
of confession (repentance) and communion, as well as the corresponding
prayer practice, from the perspective of a multi-disciplinary approach that includes
psychological, theological, and philosophical points of view. Methods of analysis
of texts and other sources, depth-psychological interpretation, comparative analysis
of psychological concepts, analysis of individual cases, and synthesis are used.
The subject of the study is the experiences of an Orthodox Christian believer that
accompany sacred communication mediated by preparation for the sacraments of
repentance (confession) and communion, as well as prayer practice. The relevance
of the work is due to the rapid convergence of science and religion, which in many
cases leads to an increased need for a scientific (as far as possible) understanding
of certain phenomena related to the religious sphere (this understanding, among
other things, performs the function of overcoming possible social conflicts). The
practical significance of the work is due, on the one hand, to the need for a number
of Orthodox Christian believers to understand the psychological prerequisites and
features of preparation for the sacraments of confession and communion as well as
participation. On the other hand, this awareness can serve to increase the level of
understanding of the phenomenon of Christian faith and the needs of Orthodox
Christian believers by atheists and representatives of other faiths. The article also
presents a critical comparative analysis of the approach to the studied phenomena
from the positions of Orthodox Christian psychology and psychoanalysis. It should
be noted that the approach presented in this paper is innovative in that the authors
have not found any texts similar to this study in scientific literature.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 2; Issue 2

value: eucharist

value: confession

value: religion

value: religiosity

value: feelings

value: love

value: participation

value: hatred

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Pantea, Casian

value: Romanovski, Valery G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pantea C., Romanovski V.G. Qualitative studies of some biochemical models. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2020, vol. 7 (65), issue 2, pp. 319–330.

dc.description.abstract

value:
A computational approach to detect Andronov—Hopf bifurcations in polynomial systems of
ordinary differential equations depending on parameters is proposed. It relies on algorithms
of computational commutative algebra based on the Groebner bases theory. The approach
is applied to the investigation of two models related to the MAPK (mitogen-activated
protein kinases) double phosphorylation, a biochemical network that occurs in many cellular
pathways. For the models we perform the analysis of roots of the characteristic polynomials
of the Jacobians at the steady states and prove the absence of Andronov—Hopf bifurcations
for biochemically relevant values of parameters. We also performed a search for algebraic
invariant subspaces in the systems (which represent “weak” conservations laws) and find
all subfamilies admitting linear invariant subspaces. The search is done using the Darboux
method. That, is we look for Darboux polynomials and cofactors as polynomials with undetermined coefficients and then determine the coefficients using the algorithms of the
elimination theory.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work is supported by Slovenian Research Agency (program P1-0306, projects N1-0063,
BI-US/19-21-058).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 7 (65); Issue 2

dc.subject

value: polynomial system of ODEs

value: Andronov—Hopf bifurcation

value: invariant subspace

value: biochemical reactions networks


dc.contributor.author

value: Hieu, Le Minh

value: Thanh, Dang Ngoc Hoang

value: Prasath, V. B. Surya

dc.identifier.citation

value: Hieu Le M., Thanh D. N. H., Prasath V.B. S. Second order monotone difference schemes with approximation on non-uniform grids for two-dimensional quasilinear parabolic convection-diffusion equations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2020, vol. 7 (65), issue 2, pp. 343–355.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The present communication is devoted to the construction of monotone difference schemes
of the second order of local approximation on non-uniform grids in space for 2D quasilinear
parabolic convection-diffusion equation. With the help of difference maximum principle,
two-sided estimates of the difference solution are established and an important a
priori estimate in a uniform norm C is proved. It is interesting to note that the maximal
and minimal values of the difference solution do not depend on the diffusion and convection
coefficients.

dc.subject

value: non-uniform grid

value: maximum principle

value: regularization principle

value: monotone difference scheme

value: convection-diffusion equation


dc.contributor.author

value: Melas, Vyacheslav B.

value: Shpilev, Petr V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Melas V.B., Shpilev P.V. Constructing c-optimal designs for polynomial regression with no intercept. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2020, vol. 7 (65), issue 2, pp. 331–342.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper is devoted to the problem of constructing c-optimal design for polynomial regression
with no intercept. A special case of c = f '(z) is considered (i. e., the vector of
derivatives of regression functions at some point z is selected as the vector c). A brief review
of the analytical results are available in the literature is given. An effective numerical
method for constructing f '(z)-optimal designs is proposed in those cases when an analytical
solution cannot be provided.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The work is supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant N20-01-00096-а).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: c-optimal designs

value: f'(z)-optimal designs

value: optimal designs for estimating the slope

value: polynomial regression models with no intercept

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Madunts, Alexandra I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Madunts A. I. Hazewinkel functional lemma and formal groups classification. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy, 2020, vol. 7 (65), issue 2, pp. 245–253.

dc.description.abstract

value:
There are two approaches to the construction of formal groups. The functional lemma
proved by Hazewinkel allows to make formal groups with coefficients from a ring of zero
characteristic by means of the functional equations using a certain ideal of this ring, overfield
and a ring homomorphism with certain properties (for example, identical, and for a local
field the Frobenius homomorphism can be chosen). There is a convenient criterion for the
isomorphism of formal groups constructed by Hazewinkel’s formula, as well as a formula for
logarithms (in particular, the Artin—Hasse logarithm). At the same time, Lubin and Tate
construct formal groups over local fields using isogeny, and Honda construct formal groups
over discrete normalized ring of characteristic fields, introduces a certain noncommutative
ring induced by the original ring and a fixed homomorphism. The paper establishes a
connection between the classical classification of formal groups (standard, generalized and
relative formal Lubin—Tate groups and formal Honda groups) and their classification using
the Hazewinkel functional lemma. For each type, the corresponding functional equations
are compiled and logarithms are studied, as well as series that use for construction the
Hilbert symbol explicit formula.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy;Volume 7 (65); Issue 2

dc.subject

value: local fields

value: formal groups

value: Hilbert symbol

value: Hazewinkel classification


dc.contributor.author

value: Zavidovskaia, Ekaterina A.

value: Maiatckii, Dmitri I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zavidovskaia E. A., Maiatskii D. I. The Chinese Classical Novel “Dream in the Red Chamber” in the Woodblock Illustrated Editions and Popular Woodblock Prints from the Collections of Saint Petersburg. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 156–177.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The study focuses on the illustrated woodblock editions of the renown Chinese classical novel
Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Хueqin (1715–1763), as well as albums and popular
woodblock prints (or nianhua 年畫) featuring protagonists and scenes from the novel. The
books and popular prints discussed in this study were found at the Oriental Section of the
M. Gorky Academic Library (Saint Petersburg State University) and Russian museums: the
State Hermitage, the State Museum of the History of Religion, Museum of Anthropology and
Ethnography RAS etc. Aim of the study is to reveal specific methods of portraying scenes
and protagonists in book illustrations and popular prints and explain their differences. While
illustrated books should have met tastes of the literate audience, popular woodblocks were appreciated
by both illiterate and literate rural and urban population, who primarily valued their
auspicious meaning. The paper shows differences between book illustrations and woodblock
prints, revealing connections between albums and popular prints. The latter even though followed
old conventions of composition, line and coloring received stylistic influence of the
recognized painter Gai Qi (1773–1828) and his album with portraits of female protagonists
(1879). Another painter Qian Huian (1833–1911) was invited to help printing houses with
setting standards of depicting scenes from the novel. It is worth mentioning thatartists who
produced popular prints at Yangliuqing had favorite themes, scenes and protagonists, which
met the tastes of wide public.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This study was funded by the Russian Fund of the Fundamental Research (RFFI) №19-59-
52001 МНТ_а “Commerce, folk beliefs, arts on the traditional Chinese woodblock pictures from little
studied collections of Russia and Taiwan”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 2

value: Chinese popular print

value: book illustration

value: novel Dream of the Red Chamber

value: Russian collections

value: motifs


dc.contributor.author

value: Alibekova, Patimat M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Alibekova P. M. Dagestan Old Printed Books in Avar Language in Department of National Literature in the Russian National Library (St. Petersburg). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 230–248.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article gives a general description of old printed Dagestan books stored in the Department
of National Literatures of the Russian National Library in St. Petersburg and an annotated description
of the most popular Avar-language writings in Dagestan in Ajam. The Department
of national literature of the Russian National Library in St. Petersburg has the richest literature
in 98 languages, ranging from 17th-century printed editions to modern literature. The library
has 159 books in the North Caucasian languages. The books are published in the printing
houses of Muhammadmirza Mavraev in Temir-khan Shura, A. M. Mikhailov in Port-Petrovsk,
Ibnuhajar Nahibashev in Khasavyurt. The works are written in Arabic, Chechen, Avar, Lak,
Kumik and Dargin languages. Avar writing passed a rather long and complicated way of formation
and development. The numerous works of Avar written language that have come down
to us testify to the gradual process of adapting the Arabic graphic system to the phonetic
features of the Dagestan languages. The earliest of them date from the XIII–XIV centuries.
The formation of the Ajam letter system contributed to the appearance in the languages of the
peoples of Dagestan a large number of works of various genres written by Dagestan scholars
or translated into national languages. The emergence of typography in Dagestan at the end of
the 19th — beginning of the 20th century accelerated the development and dissemination of
the Ajam written language and literature. The geographical dispersion of the storage places
of old-printed Dagestan books complicates our understanding of their quantitative indicator. Annually conducted by the staff of the Department of Oriental studies of the Institute of
history, archaeology and Ethnography of the DFC RAS archaeographic work with expedition
trips to different regions of Dagestan indicates the existence of many undiscovered written
sources on the history of Dagestan book culture. The identification of old printed books, their
fixation and research remains a relevant task today. In the article we tried to give an extended
description of old-printed books in Avar language, located in the Department of National
Literatures of the National Library of Russia. Book descriptions are supplemented with information
about the authors of books, the characteristic of works, copyists, which are drawn
from prefaces, colophons and extra-text entries. The information contained in the article can
be useful in compiling catalogs and descriptions of old printed books in Dagestan languages.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Russian National Library

value: Dagestan old printed books

value: works in Avar language

value: type lithographs

value: Dagestan scholars

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Klyuev, Sergey A.

value: Semenova, Valeria N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Klyuev S. A., Semenova V. N. The Role of Landscape in Semi-rock-hewn and Cave Churches of Tämben and ᵓƎndärta (Tәgray region, Ethiopia). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 208–229.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the results of studies of little-known monuments of the church architecture
of the Tәgray region (Ethiopia) — semi-rock-hewn and cave churches of historical
provinces of Säḥart, Tämben and ᵓƎndärta. The authors consider the most interesting examples
of both individual churches and monastery-complexes created on the basis of cave formations.
These monuments illustrate various options for the interaction between architecture and
landscape. These monuments have been studied much lesser than the rock-hewn basilicas of
the Gärʽalta district. The article presents an analysis of new material collected as a result of the
expedition carried out as part of the project no. 19–012–00299 with financial support from the
Russian Foundation for Basic Research; issues of dating, historical and cultural significance
of monuments and their preservation are considered. The article is devoted to the following
monuments: the semi-rock-hewn, cave churches of Yoḥannәs Mäṭmәq Koholo (near Mäq̱älä)
and Mikaʼel Ṣäḥilo in the Gǝğät area, the semi-rock monastery complex Abunä Arägawi Zäyä
and Kidanä Mǝḥrät Tänsǝḥe in Dǝggwǝʽa Tämben. Especially examined surviving fragments
of murals of Yoḥannәs Mäṭmәq Koholo church, dating from the 17th century. This church is
noted in the report of the expedition of the University of Hamburg under the guidance of
D. Nosnitsin, but its architecture was not specifically considered. This article first publishes
architectural plan and section of this monument. The church of Mikaʼel Ṣäḥilo was first discovered
and briefly described by R. Plant in the 1970s. However, from that time this church
has not been studied. R. Plant described the monastery of Abunä Arägawi in general terms,
but she could not visit the complex, and, as a result, its internal structure, the location of the
buildings were not published previously. In this work, for the first time, a plan of the complex
and its longitudinal section are published. Kidanä Mǝḥrät Tänsǝḥe previously in the scientific
literature were presented very fragmentary. Unfortunately, both of its semi-rock-hewn cave
churches are lost today. The article also indicates some features of these monuments.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: cave churches

value: rock-hewn churches

value: Christian architecture

value: Christian East

value: Ethiopia

value: Tigray

value: Tәgray

value: East Africa

value: landscape

value: murals


dc.contributor.author

value: Albedil, Margarita F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Albedil M. F. Representation of Myth in Traditional Indian Culture. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 262–275.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The myth is perceived in modern Western culture as a relic of the distant past, in contrast to
this, in Indian traditional culture the myth has not been supplanted by science, philosophy
and other ways of knowing the world; he retains his vitality and actively exists in modern life.
In this article, the term “myth” does not mean the illusory reflection of reality for building a
fantastic picture of the world, but as a special way of perceiving and understanding life. Its
particular manifestation is a verbal text with a statement of value-world outlook truths. The
myth existed at the origins of Indian traditional culture as a solid foundation and served as
the main way to organize its main material. It is in myths that the most important knowledge,
standards and attitudes were recorded and stored. A number of examples analyze the
reflection of myth in Hinduism, in temporal representations and in festive ritual practices
deeply rooted in the traditional culture of India. Hinduism, unlike the dogmatic Abrahamic
religions of scripture, is a mythological religion. For centuries, it existed in line with mythology,
which provided ready-made matrices for religious, theological, philosophical and other
ideas. On the basis of myths, a repertoire of basic symbols, ideas and concepts of this religion
was formed. The temporal representations of traditional Indian culture also go back to mythological
sources. The cyclic model of mythological time was reflected, in particular, in Indian
calendar-chronological systems. Myths constantly serve as the basis and explanation of many
holidays in the traditional calendar ritual. The above examples convince that the whole history
of the existence of traditional Indian culture is permeated by mythology, which functions as a
kind of information-modeling system, permeating almost all spheres of human life.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: India

value: traditional culture

value: myth

value: Hinduism

value: temporal representations

value: rituals

value: holidays


dc.contributor.author

value: Napolnova, Elena M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Napol’nova E. M. Analysis of Semantics of Lexeme hava in Turkish. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 194–207.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The complexity of the analysis of the semantics of lexemes used to characterize environmental
phenomena is due to the fact that they can combine naive and modern scientific meanings.
The lexeme hava ‘weather’, ‘air’ was borrowed into Persian and Turkish from Arabic, however
in the latter it does not have the meaning ‘weather’. In Persian and Turkish, hava is used
to describe various phenomena in the environment (temperature, pressure, cloud cover, degree
of illumination). This combines it with the ancient Turkic lexeme kün, which along with
the more common meanings of ‘sun’ and ‘day’ was used to characterize weather phenomena.
Hava is unrelated to the breathing process, is localized outdoors, and has historically been
recognized as the localization of bird flight and uncontrolled upward movement of flightless
objects (havaya uç-). The need to express modern scientific ideas and nomination of technical
means determined the expansion of the compatibility of hava and the formation of the derivative
verb havalan- ‘to take off’ (about aircraft). Turkish hava also has a number of figurative
meanings. The meaning of hava, associated with musical works and instruments, could have been borrowed from Persian. The source of the figurative meaning of hava ‘appearance, behavior,
style’ is most likely the French language, which in the 19th century was widespread
among the intellectuals in the Ottoman Empire. The meaning of hava ‘void, empty’ is involved
in a number of stable expressions and is not represented in either Arabic or Persian. Its source
may have been naive ideas about the world structure, namely the part of it located between yer
(‘earth’) and gök (‘sky’), in modern Western languages called prostranstvo, Raum, space etc.,
which have no direct equivalent in modern Turkish. “Materiality” as a characteristic feature
of “naive space” in this case is expressed in the presence of a number of features available
for sensory perception-the degree of illumination, temperature, clouds, pressure. This factor
brings hava closer to the ancient kün in the above meaning.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Turkish language

value: naive model of the world

value: borrowings in Turkish

value: language nomination of weather phenomena

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Malashevskaya, Maria N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Malashevskaya M. N. Main Trends of the Eurasian Concepts in Japan at the turn of the 21st Century: Approaches within Academic and Political Discourses. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 276–291.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper deals with the formation of ‘Eurasian concepts’ in Japan (called here ‘Eurasianism’)
among academicians at the turn of the 20th — 21st centuries, including the considered by us
definition of the ‘Eurasianism’, the explanation of the rise of a new Eurasian academic school
in the Post-Cold-War decades and the dissemination of common concepts of Eurasia, spread
in texts and utterances by academicians and politicians. In the paper it is aimed to present the
most pervasive terms of Eurasian concepts in Japan in its political, cultural, economic dimensions,
such as ‘Political Eurasian concept’ and three approaches within ‘Academic Eurasian
concept’ (Great Eurasian Powers, Eurasian boarder studies, Central Eurasia cultural studies).
The focus of our analysis is ideas provided by contemporary Japanese researchers in the field
of politics, economics and area studies. The beginning of the rise of these ideas dates back to
the 1990s when the new Eurasian region appeared on the political map of the world with the
core of Central Asian nations, the Caucasian states and Russian Federation. The reshaping of
huge Eurasian space influenced by China and Russia made a challenge to the Japanese politics
and academia at the same time, then by the end of 1990s scholars in Japan drew up their
vision toward political structures, boarders, economic features in Eurasia. In 2000s — 2010s
approaches of this kind had become common in the Japanese political science and economics.
We are mostly drawing attention to the texts and concepts by members of the Slavic-Eurasian
Center of Hokkaido University as a leading thinking tank in the area of Eurasian studies in
Japan.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Eurasian studies

value: Great Silk Road

value: Great Powers

value: boarder studies

value: Iwashita Akihiro

value: Inoue Yasushi


dc.contributor.author

value: Yuan, Tao

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yuan Tao. Critical Discourse Analysis of the Image of China in the Russian Version of the Report on the Work of the Government with a Case of Russian Verb Aspects. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 178–193.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Aspect is an obligatory grammatical category of Russian verbs that consists of both perfective
aspect and imperfective aspect as a pair. Based on both self-compiled Chinese-Russian
parallel corpora of the Report on the Work of the Government (China) (2008-2017) and
comparable corpora of the Report on the Work of the Government (Russia) (2008-2017),
this paper presents the intra-lingual, inter-lingual and prosodic analyses of the image of China
reflected in the Russian version of the Report on the Work of the Government (China):
1) image of China is created by comparing the verb frequency of two aspects in translational
corpora and comparable corpora and analyzing the modal meaning and interpersonal function
of Russian verbs; 2) ideology in the Russian version is discussed by comparing “V+了1”
structures in source texts with its counterparts (long passive participles or imperfective aspect)
in target texts; 3) main concerns of Chinese government in the past decade are illustrated
by focusing on semantic prosodies of collocates (its types and distributions) with
high-frequency imperfective verbs in target texts. It concludes that the image of China in
translational texts is populist, flexible, responsible and concerned over its national welfare
and people’s livelihood.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 2

value: сritical discourse analysis

value: verb aspects

value: modals

value: language and government image


dc.contributor.author

value: Pelevin, Mikhail S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pelevin M. S. Two Versions of Niʿmatallāh Haravī’s Book on the History of Afghans. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 249–261.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The book by Niʿmatallāh Haravī, the Mughal chronicler of the early seventeenth century,
was the first and the only attempt to recount the entire history of Afghans (Pashtuns) in the
vein of Persian medieval historiography. The text of the book has survived in two versions
which strongly vary in its content, volume and structure. An opinion prevails that the book’s
extended version (Tārīkh-i Khānjahānī va Makhzan-i Afghānī) is the original author’s edition,
while its smaller variant (Makhzan-i Afghānī) is a later revised edition, probably compiled
by another person. The article offers a correction of this view through the rereading of
the author’s introduction and afterword to the book, and the analysis of the work’s structure
and occasional editorial remarks. It is very likely that the book’s extant versions were different
editions of its first preliminary variant (1610–1611) which bore the title Makhzan-i
Afghānī (“The Afghan Treasury”) and contained mainly mythologized stories about Afghans’
poorly known origins and remote past. The book’s extended version (1612–1615),
supplemented with data from authoritative written sources on the history of the Afghans
in North India in the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern times, was bound to meet the
standards of professional historiographical literature. Besides, this version was supposed
to gain official endorsement of the book’s dedicatee, the Afghan general Khānjahān Lōdī,
whose name appeared in its title (Tārīkh-i Khānjahānī). An unknown compiler of the third
edition, which was translated into Pashto in the beginning of the eighteenth century, took
as a basis the original short variant of the book, having added to it selected material from
the extended second edition.

value: Pashtuns

value: Pashtun history

value: Persian historiography

value: Mughal India

value: Niʿmatallāh Haravī

value: textology

value: functionality of text

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lyakhovich, Anastasia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lyakhovich A. V. The Development of Concepts of ‘Author’ and ‘Authorship’ in Hausa Culture. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 292–301.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Hausa literature is one of the well-studied African literatures. This paper explores Hausa creative
writing, focusing both on the figure of author, marubuci, and the changes the concept of
‘author’ has undergone, motivated by social perceptions and demands. Modern mass media
call attention in different ways to writers and their creative writing. Therefore, interviews with
authors may provide valuable information, that has before now remained unexplored by the
researchers, as well as some unique insights into the world of Hausa creating writing. Interviews
constitute a particular genre in media industry contributing social communication and
discussion. They also serve as a reliable source for understanding writer’s self-perception, and
the perception of creative writing and authorship in the context of social and literary change.
This paper explores interviews with several prominent Hausa language authors; among them
are Shu’aibu Makarfi, Bilkisu Funtuwa, Binta Salma Mohammed, Hafsatu Ahmad Abdulwaheed,
Ismail Bala Garba, Rahma A. Majid, and Bashir Abubakar Umar. The study seeks to prove
that the nature of interaction between a writer’s self-perception and social expectations/ social
perceptions for both creative writing and marubuci is a significant factor, that defines the development
of Hausa literary movement. Moreover, that the development of Hausa literature
in Northern Nigeria has been determined mostly by the self-perception of the authors, who
aimed to improve literary tradition, and thus introduced new experimental trends, attitudes
and forms into the literature. The study concludes that the contribution of modern Northern
Nigerian writers to shaping the future development of Nigerian literature will definitely grow.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Hausa written literature

value: Hausa creative writing

value: Hausa popular literature

value: marubuci

value: soyayya literature

value: labarun soyayya

value: Shu’aibu Makarfi

value: Bilkisu Funtuwa

value: Binta Salma Mohammed

value: Ismail Bala Garba

value: Hafsatu Ahmad Abdulwaheed

value: Rahma A. Majid

value: Bashir Abubakar Umar


dc.contributor.author

value: Posibi, Alore Preye

value: Canale, Anna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Posibi A. P., Canale A. Historical Analysis of the Position of African Countries in the Nigerian Civil War, 1967–1970. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 302–311.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The Nigerian civil war broke out on July 6, 1967, it was a war fought between the government
of Nigeria and the secessionist state of Biafra. Both parties engaged in propaganda
activities designed to win the support of the outside world, consequently leading to the
internationalization of the conflict. The focus of this study is to historically analyze the nature
and dimension of the involvement of African states during the Nigerian civil war, and
the consequences in Nigerian foreign relationships after the conflict. To achieve these goals
and to understand official foreign reaction by other African states to the conflict in Nigeria,
the study firstly explores the federal government’s role in international affairs with these
countries prior to Biafran secession. Furthermore, this work analyzes the role played by the
Organization of African Unity (OAU) and its position in the conflict management. Then,
the paper observes the way in which Nigerian Government tried to advice and convince
other African States that if secession succeeded in Nigeria, these African States could also
face the same threat of disintegration. In addition to that, this work wants to put in light
other socio-political and economic reasons that led some African countries to be involved
into the civil war, backing for one or another side. Concluding, this paper focus its attention
on the consequences that such involvements had on the duration of the war and, lastly, on
future intrastate relations.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: African states

value: Nigerian war

value: OAU involvement

value: foreign policies

dc.title

value: Article


title: Risk of power — power of risk

dc.contributor.author

value: Strebkov, Alexander I.

value: Musaev, Abdurashid I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Strebkov A. I., Musaev A. I. Risk of power — power of risk. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 394–406.

dc.description.abstract

value: The article is dedicated to the risk of power and power of risk analysis, definitions of risk and substantiation of its objective nature, which is determined by the system of ruling social relations. Criticism is presented of Luhmann’s and Beck’s views, which ignore the objective nature of risk and its definitions. The risk of power and power of risk are concepts that reflect the different summation of connections and relations, where risk acts as a means for maintaining a dominant relationship. Objectivity of risk stems from the fact that the prevailing relationship is not a product of independent initiatives by people, but it is a result of relations mediated by items and things in which the mediator transforms itself from an ordinary “panderer” into absolute power of influence over an individual. The mediator becomes objective power, in other words, subjectless power which eventually submits to human will and substantiates powerwielding actions and power-wielding decisions, which aspire to the subjectless power’s pole and is at risk for losing power. While rotating between subjectless power and the individual, the repulsion force from individuals’ interests surpasses the force of attraction towards them. Risk, being woven into dominant relations, separates into independent being as a means of preserving these relations, in the form of negating the positive prospects of individual being, shifting social risks onto the shoulders of individuals, and turning them into subjective risks whereby the individual bears fully responsibility when making wrong decisions. Metamorphoses of the reduction of objective risks, inherent in society, into subjective and individual risks and the reduction of individual risks into objective and public risks, through a complex system of relations and interdependencies, end in conflict. Within conflict, risk is objectified in actions, which demolish the opposition of negative prospects. Conflict asserts a relations’ system in which risk weakens and fades.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: risk

value: risk of the power

value: power of the risk

value: subjective risk

value: objective risk

value: individual

value: society

value: ruling relations

value: capital

value: money civilization

value: conflict

value: Risk of power — power of risk


dc.contributor.author

value: Dudnik, Sergei I.

value: Маrkov, Вoris V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dudnik S. I., Markov B. V. Krise of quality education in the digital economy. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 214–226.

dc.description.abstract

value: Today in the market of educational services, the winner is the one who wins in the fight for ratings. The question of cost and performance must be discussed in a broader context, namely to take into account that education is an essential part of social capital, which ensures success in international competition. Therefore, the savings on education in the long run leads to delays and loss of influence. Management, based on the digital divide is not a panacea. The article sets the task of analyzing the transformation of education in the digital age: 1) The identification of the causes of the crisis in the education system; secondly, the analysis of online courses as tools of modern educational spaces; 2) The impact of electronic educational technologies on the actors of the educational process; fourthly, the updating of teaching practices of meaning, based on understanding the individual learner and teacher; 3) For the development of the reflective experience of new educational programs they must be supplemented with hermeneutic and semiotic teaching techniques that contribute to understanding the meaning and provide live interpersonal communication; 4) Enhancement of the productivity of education through the introduction of digital technologies is accompanied by the strengthening of electronic control and management; 5) It is necessary to create a pedagogical atmosphere in which freedom, responsibility, trust, and friendship is cultivated.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The reported study was funded by RFBR (Russian Foundation for Basic Research) according to the research project “Science as a social institution in Russian modernization projects (St. Petersburg experience)” No 19-011-00603.

value: word and image

value: media education

value: online courses

value: liberal education

value: posthumanism

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Wansuk, Hong

dc.identifier.citation

value: Hong Wansuk. Trilateral cooperation between the Russian Federation, Republic of Korea and the DPRK in the prism of politics and economics. The view from the Republic of Korea. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 225–237.

dc.description.abstract

value: It is commonly suggested that trilateral cooperation between the Russian Federation, the Republic of Korea, and the DPRK in areas such as railway lines, electricity, intermodal logistics, etc., has immense economic benefits. Experts also remark the geopolitical value this cooperation has for the endowment of peace and stabilization on the Korean peninsula. However, as it is said: “great cry and little wool”, in reality, cooperation is still at the negotiation stage. Nonetheless, the interests and expectations of the parties concerning a number of projects remain high. Even though there are countless obstacles that must be overcome, the initiative of trilateral collaboration does not lose its significance. This is due to the fact that geopolitical and geo-economic pressure, which contributes to the success of the business, is stronger and more persistent than the dismissal of this project. The objective of this research is to examine the trilateral cooperation project from South Korea’s point of view in the prism of politics and economics. Particularly, the development and expansion of trilateral cooperation, the expected geo-economic and geopolitical benefits of this multilateral cooperation, and the boundaries and possibilities of the project are discussed in a condensed manner. Based on the aforementioned, the article suggests several political measures crucial for the implementation of the trilateral cooperation project.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: trilateral cooperation

value: Russian Federation

value: Republic of Korea

value: DPRK

value: geo-economics

value: geopolitics


dc.contributor.author

value: Zolotov, Alexander V.

value: Popov, Mikhail V.

value: Lomov, Vitaly A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zolotov A. V., Popov M. V., Lomov V. А. Working time reduction as the factor of solving retirement conflict. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 326–340.

dc.description.abstract

value: One of the main sources of social economic tension in Russian society became the promotion and acceptance in 2018 of the bill on retirement age increase initiated by the government. Conflict of the created situation expressed itself in a great number of protest meetings in the country againstpension reform. The aim of the article is to give a foundation of the effective way of solving the conflict caused by such reform. For this purpose its influence upon social economic state of labor relations sides is analyzed, the experience of retirement age increase in Germany and France is investigated, the perspective of solving the appeared conflict is defined. Dialectical method as the one which allows to discover the contradictions of the labor relation sides interests is realized. Table method of tendencies analysis in time worked dynamics in economically developed countries is used, the differentiation of workers age cohorts for the evaluation of the consequences of retirement reform is applied. It is found that the main source of retirement conflict in Russia is the degradation of workers position in connection with the growth of the time worked per working life in comparison with the cohort that retired before the reform. By the analysis of the innovate foreign experience the possibility of connection of retirement age increase, on the one hand, and the total number of hours worked per life, on the other hand, is discovered. It is shown that this possibility is the result of the regularity of the working time reduction which is inherent to the modern economy. The role of transition to the six hours working day in Russia as the effective way of solving retirement conflict without rejection of retirement age increase is revealed.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: pension reform

value: social-economic conflict

value: 6-hours working day


dc.contributor.author

value: Loginov, Aleksei V.

value: Rudenkin, Dmitry V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Loginov A. V., Rudenkin D. V. Neither conflict, no concord: Performing ideology in contemporary Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 341–355.

dc.description.abstract

value: Authors interpret the results achieved by analyzing the content of Russian political parties’ manifestos that managed to enter the State Duma after 2011 and 2016 elections. Our conceptual framework is based on Immanuel Wallerstein’s assumption that only three ideologies—liberalism, conservatism and socialism — were the key ones to 20th century experience and, hence, that any particular ideology might be reduced to that list. Firstly, we build a matrix of content analysis to analyze texts of officially published political parties’ programs. As a result we could show that values at the core of any program at any stage were hybrid in nature and that there was increase in liberal rhetoric in 2016. Further we interpret the empirical results by applying both classical (M. Seliger) and modern (J. Schwartzmantel) models of ideology. By using Seliger’s conception of ideology we demonstrate that our political parties choose not to defend the coherent value core of their programs in order to fulfill ‘technical’ task of generating sufficient electoral support. Schwartzmantel’s idea that neo-liberalism as a “classical” state-oriented ideology is attacked by a plenty of non-classical, network-organized ideologies nowadays does not fit our reality, because there is no. pronounced opposition between neo-liberal and critical political discourses. Thus, we argue there is no. normative foundation either for conflict or concord among ideological projects and, moreover, that ideological struggle on the Russian political arena has left classical political domain. It requires social sciences to renew its methodological implements for analyzing ideology properly, while philosophy faces with self-description challenge.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project no. 18-18-00216.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Russian political parties

value: ideology

value: philosophy

value: content-analysis

value: values

value: I. Wallerstein

value: M. Seliger

value: J. Schwartzmantel

value: liberalism

value: conservatism

value: socialism

value: methodology

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shipovalova, Lada V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shipovalova L. V. Scientific-technical revolution — important lessons of unimportant concept. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 313–325.

dc.description.abstract

value: This paper focuses on the concept of the scientific-technical revolution. This concept is relevant today most of all in the context of historiographic studies of the Soviet period or the reflection of contemporary technological transformation from the Marxist position. The article demonstrates its relevance in the context of important contemporary issues. For a conceptual framework, the author uses the works on the social history of science by J. D. Bernal, the contemporary studies of science, technology and society, and the critical theory of technology, which seeks to integrate the philosophy of science and technology into topical socio-political discussions. The author reveals the concept of the scientific-technical revolution as describing the radical transformations taking place since the beginning of the 20th century in science, society, and technology. These transformations manifest the essential social and technological character of science and its previously hidden contradiction. The social character of science involves an increasing number of participants of these transformations, but the technological character leaves them passive objects of the efficiency requirements. However, the scientific-technical revolution offers a lesson in overcoming this contradiction, creating conditions for the activity of various participants — scientists, nature, lay experts, and technologies themselves. The emphasis on the radical revolutionary changes that have occurred with science allows us to keep in the spotlight the foundations of modern problems and how to solve them.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 36; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: innovation

value: scientific community

value: academic capitalism

value: uncertainty

value: post-normal science

value: communication


title: Contextualism and closure

dc.contributor.author

value: Smith, Nicholas D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Smith N. D. Contextualism and closure. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 291–299.

dc.description.abstract

value: Skepticism confronts us with a paradox (sometimes known as “the skeptical trilemma”), a version of which follows: (1) I know that I am working on a computer right now; (2) I know that knowing that I am working on a computer right now logically implies that I am not being deceived or manipulated in the way that skeptical hypotheses imagine. (This implication is called “closure under known logical implication”); (3) I do not or cannot know that I am not being deceived or manipulated in the way skeptical hypotheses imagine. The paradox of skepticism is that these three statements are logically incompatible. A relatively new movement in epistemology called contextualism proposes that we can accept all three of the claims in the trilemma, by recognizing that they are not all true within the same epistemic context. Briefly, contextualists claim that we can know in ordinary contexts, but cannot know that we are not being deceived or manipulated in a skeptical scenario, but the latter fact is true in a different epistemic context than the ordinary knowledge that we might have. Closure under known logical implication will remain true, but only insofar as the implications involved are alternatives that belong to the same epistemic context as the original knowledge claim. In this paper, I claim that contextualism’s account of how epistemological contexts change, together with its acceptance of closure, is implausible.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: epistemology

value: knowledge

value: closure

value: contextualism

value: fallibilism

value: logical implication

value: skepticism

dc.title

value: Contextualism and closure


title: Trust in a digital society

dc.contributor.author

value: Veselov, Yuri V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Veselov Yu.V. Trust in a digital society. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 129–143.

dc.description.abstract

value:
What is a digital society? How does trust work in this new digital world? What is its difference
compared to previous types of trust? All of these issues are in the very focus of this article.
The first part of the paper shows how sociologists characterize a digital society, which makes
it fundamentally different from an industrial and postindustrial ones. A characteristic feature
of digitalization is its comprehensiveness. All spheres of activity, individual and collective, are
being organized in a new technological way. It is demonstrated that the most important effect of digitalization is a fundamental change in the structure of social time in terms of costs
and benefits. The second part of the paper describes the processes of transformation of trust:
from patriarchal and personal trust to impersonal, role-based and institutional trust; then to
network type trust and digital trust. The digital world expands our capabilities and changes
the functioning of trust in social and economic life. The radius of trust is expanding significantly and the number of social ties is growing, although they are becoming weaker, shorter,
more fragile, and remote. Functionally in the economy, digital trust reduces transaction costs
(exchange costs); and in the social world — the costs of social interaction. The third part deals
with trust issues in the digital world of Russia. Russia occupies the second to last place in the
rankings of the 2019 Digital Society Index. Russians believe that their basic digital needs (access to digital content and trust in information) are not adequately satisfied; they believe that
the digital world does not serve to improve society and that the digital world will not provide
them with career opportunities. Trust in the digital world is not expanding in Russia also due
to digital illiteracy. It is ironic that with this low trust in digital technologies, the scale of their
use by Russians is expanding. This article is a detailed report for the St. Petersburg International Labor Forum (February 27–28, 2020).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(RFBR) (grant no.20-011-00155 A “Trust in digital society and economy”). In its expanded form, the article
was read at the St. Petersburg International Labor Forum (February 27–28, 2020).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: trust

value: digital trust

value: interpersonal trust

value: network trust

value: digital society

value: Trust in a digital society

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kislenko, Ivan Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kislenko I.Yu. On the role of the “global North–South” notions in global sociology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 116–128.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper focuses on the two main directions: a retrospective analysis of the stated concepts
and the analysis of their role in global sociology. This work is devoted to the concepts of the
“global North–South” and their history in the context of (global) sociology. The article focuses
on a historical and sociological reconstruction of the these notions’ existence as well as the
process of the transition of the concepts to global sociology and their role in the discussion.
It was also demonstrated the interconnection of the “third world” category with the “global
North–South” and their mutual influence on each other. The process of reducing of the “third
world” notion usage and its gradual transformation into a “global South” category is analyzed.
The paper postulated the idea that after the transition of the global sociology concepts, they
mostly lost their geographical basis and were formed as the notions of the epistemological
nature. Initially, such concepts were non-sociological and were often used during discussions
in economics and in political studies. Nevertheless, North–South appeared in the sociology
relatively recently and coincide chronologically with the beginning of the discussion about
global sociology and during short period of time became important elements in the global sociology disputes. The dichotomy “global North–South” mediates a large number of the discussions in the research field, which are related to the claims of the South about the sociological
dominance of the North and about the right of southerners to offer their own indigenous concepts. The paper investigates the connection of the sociologists with these categories, which
play a significant role and stimulates a wide range of arguments. The paper concludes that
geographical determinism is speculative and more related to the ideological attitudes of the
authors, which are reproduced in the researched field.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: third world

value: global North

value: global South

value: global sociology

value: Brandt line


dc.contributor.author

value: Orlova, Nadezhda A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Orlova N.A. From incentive to self-organization: The evolution of management approaches. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 144–160.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article is an overview of approaches to managing labor motivation Evolution from classical
Taylorism to modern agile methods. The author considers the main approaches to work motivation in the context of their relationship with the basic principles of the agile. In the 20th century
management evolved from simple forms to complex hierarchical organization, depersonalization and bureaucratization of business processes until it became a hindrance to development
and competitiveness. After that the reverse movement begins — towards a flatter management
structure and proclamation of the priority of “people and relationships” in relation to “processes
and tools”, to “motivation without stimulation”. The logic regarding employee motivation has
undergone changes: from the idea that motivation can and should be controlled with external
incentives to the belief that any attempt to exert external influence can demotivate employees.
The author has developed a typology of approaches to work motivation based on the severity
of two components in the theory: “system — actor”; and “stimulation — self-organization”. The
system-actor dichotomy shows how the theory explains labor motivation: focusing attention
on the control system or on the individual characteristics of the actor, needs or work values.
The dichotomy “stimulation — self-organization” explains how it is supposed to influence the
motivation of an individual or group: through targeted stimulation or the creation of conditions
for self-organization. These dichotomies were chosen to highlight the typology in connection
with their importance for the agile approach. The article focuses on three aspects of motivation:
material incentives, social environment, labor content. These aspects are of the greatest importance for agile management, and a focus on them allows you to see the fundamental differences
between agile practices and traditional management approaches.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: motivation

value: work values

value: agile

value: social group

value: involvement

value: self-organization

value: attitudes


dc.contributor.author

value: Serdyukov, Boris S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Serdyukov B.V. Integration aspects of the social environment of adolescents from the high-risk group. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 174–199.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The socialization of modern teenagers takes place in the context of an immanent current crisis of social integration, based on what was experienced in the post-perestroika period and
the social anomie that has been transformed in modern conditions. Teenagers grow up in
the absence of well-established, unambiguously interpreted socio-cultural complexes that can
become a valuable socializing framework and communicative guide for them. The necessity
to form their own idea of the boundaries and to fill the basis of existing relations in society
with an adequate meaning inevitably pushes them to peculiar experiments in the field of social
deviation. As a result, the risks of forming antisocial behavior in the adolescent environment, suppressed by institutional mechanisms of social control, are significantly increased, and ultimately leads to its criminalization. This article presents the result of a comprehensive case
study. It is devoted to the integration analysis of various segments of the social environment
of adolescents, which belong to the group of increased social risk. These adolescents are individually accompanied according to the regulations in the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution City Center for Social Programs and the Prevention of Antisocial Phenomena among
Youth “CONTACT”. The article is based on the sociological concepts of M.Weber, T.Parsons,
E.Durkheim, A. Schütz and other sociologists. The article offers a methodological construct
that makes it possible to analyze the factors of inclusion of adolescents in such segments of
their social environment as family, friends, educational institutions and civil society. The author has proposed a system of indicators characterizing various parameters of social environments in order to describe its integration logic. As a result of the analysis of the conducted
focus groups and a telephone interview, the author was able to characterize the relationships
that develop among adolescents in various segments of the social environment.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: disintegration factors

value: social environment

value: social integration

value: adolescents belonging to risk groups

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Maksimova, Sofya A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Maksimova S.A. Adaptation apartments as a mechanism for overcoming drug addiction (on the example of the experience of St. Petersburg). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 200–217.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper discusses the experience of St. Petersburg in organizing counteraction to one of the
most important factors of social disorganization — drug addiction. In recent years, this phenomenon has become widespread and has become the focus of attention of sociologists, social
psychologists, physicians, and law enforcement officials. The main factors that provoke such
a destruction of mass consciousness are the weakening of socializing mechanisms and social
elevators, such as education, upbringing, ideology and a number of others, as well as the process of the world globalization increasing impact. Drugs as a criminal phenomenon and the
situation with the spread of narcotic substances have a detrimental effect on various aspects of
society: economic, social, psychological, medical, demographic. The significant influence of
narcotism on certain stereotypes of youth subculture, such as leisure, slang, creativity, which
can talk about the destruction of the choice of behavioral norms is of particular concern. Explaining the causes, conditions and factors determining this social phenomenon has become
an urgent task. It was determined that one of the factors in overcoming the damage from drug
and alcohol consumption is an increase in the remission level, that means a steady sobriety of
patients. It reaches 5% in Russia, and 20% in St. Petersburg. With the effective organization of
the rehabilitation process, this indicator can be raised over 35%. An objective assessment and
analysis of the interaction of the state and civil society represented by non-profit organizations
in drug and alcohol consumers’ rehabilitation, in particular through the adaptation apartment
mechanism, will make it possible to develop the most successful socially useful programs,
which can help improve the drug situation in the region.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: deviation

value: drug addiction

value: non-profit organizations (NPOs)

value: civil society

value: state

value: government


dc.contributor.author

value: Vidiasova, Lyudmila A.

value: Tensina, Iaroslava D.

value: Kabanov, Yury A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vidiasova L.A., Tensina Ia. D., Kabanov Yu. A. The results of an empirical study of cybersocial trust among residents of St. Petersbourg. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 236–254.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Trust is an important element in building an information society, however, the increasingly
widespread dissemination and use of technology is now accompanied by the influence of negative factors and fears related to the insecurity of certain data transmission channels and much
discussed by cyberattacks, government pressure on civilian structures, and also uncertainty
about the rules and communication standards of a new type. The article presents the results of
an empirical study of the attitude of St. Petersburg residents to the use of digital technologies and
identifies the level of trust in the Internet and interpersonal communication. A survey of 600 respondents was conducted in May 2019 (a sample representative of the population of St. Petersburg over 18 years old, the sampling error does not exceed 4%, the confidence level was 95%). According to the results, the prevalence of Internet users among the respondents was revealed,
as well as an increase in trust in new technologies among younger groups of the population. The
article presents the detailed results of the study dedicated to user experience in the field of online
learning. The analysis of social inclusion in online learning has also demonstrated the relevance
of these technological solutions in the group up to 35 years old. At the same time, assessments
of personal experience were divided almost equally into positive and negative between residents
of St. Petersburg. Based on the factor model, 3 components were identified that make up the category of cyber-social trust: institutional trust in organizations operating on the Internet; transactional trust in interacting with other online actors (primarily to the state); information trust
regarding the completeness, quality and reliability of information (information services).

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was performed with financial support by the grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic
Research (RFBR) (project no. 18-311-20001): “The Research of cybersocial Trust in the context of the use
and refusal of information technology”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: social trust

value: trust in information technology

value: online education

value: Internet users

value: opinion

value: poll


dc.contributor.author

value: Povarnitsyna, Yulia P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Povarnitsyna Yu.P. Interfirm mobility and carreer success of knowledge workers. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 161–173.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents a critical review of studies concerned with the relationship between interfirm mobility of knowledge workers and their objective and subjective career success. Within
the context of discussions regarding employment standardization and the individualization
of life trajectories, nonlinear career paths based on high mobility of workers during their life
are attracting attention of researchers. From the perspective of the “new” career theories and
theories of post-industrialism, high mobility is associated with achieving greater career success compared to a traditional career. The ability to stay mobile is considered not only as a
condition for adapting to the realities of the modern labor market, but also as accumulation
of unique human and social capital acquired through work experience in different companies.
The opposite point of view postulates that stability is still more valued by the best workers. Potential risks and losses associated with mobile behavior may be too high, allowing those who
adhere to the model of long-term labor relations be at an advantage. In the paper the author
summarizes the results of existing empirical studies within given research field, examining the
impact of physical and psychological mobility of workers on the indicators of their objective
and subjective career success. Changes in the level of income and job position are used as indicators of objective success. Subjective success includes perceived career success, career satisfaction, satisfaction by achievement and non-achievement aspects of work, perceived employability, work engagement, work-life balance satisfaction and overall well-being. A comparison
of the research results confirms the controversy of theoretical views on the role of interfirm
mobility in career. The author offers promising areas of possible research and brings forward
the opportunities for further research of this issue.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Sociology;Volume 13; Issue 2

value: interfirm mobility

value: career success

value: boundaryless career

value: knowledge workers

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Sarna, Аleksandr Ya.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sarna А.Ya. Technologies of influencing the audience in the modern media space. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 218–235.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of mass media’s impact on an audience in a situation of intensive development of social, informational, cognitive technologies
and their mutual influence on each other. In this process, special techniques are used for the
production, processing, and dissemination of the information in the media space, which are
described through such theoretical constructs as imprinting, priming, storytelling, framing and
design. They include a specific set of manipulative techniques as a means of controlling communication processes in the modern information society in the context of social engineering
development. At the same time, along with multimedia systems, preattentive ones, which are
ergonomic information systems created in the style of communication eco-design, are increasingly being used. They are functionally oriented to the decision-making process by the
user almost at a subconscious level by focusing his attention on the necessary information in
the most appropriate place and time. The purpose of the article is to identify the cognitive and
perceptual characteristics of media influence on a mass audience. The research tasks include
the formulation of the basic principles of theoretical, scientific, and practical developments
of social engineering as a special branch of knowledge, as well as identifying the features of
pre-attentive technologies used in modern media in addition to explicating the contents of the
concepts of imprinting, priming, storytelling, framing, and design as the main techniques of
media exposure. Based on the conceptual and comparative analysis of scientific publications
devoted to this topic, it is concluded that the preattentive aspects of the cognitive processes of
perception and understanding of information by the mass audience today become the main
tool for creating effective media work. In this situation, the media actively use the capabilities of multimedia technologies to apply the basic principles of communication eco-design in the
process of generating an information product.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: media influence

value: social engineering

value: information technologies


dc.contributor.author

value: Nikiforova, Olga A.

value: Sokolova, Elena S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nikiforova O.A., Sokolova E. S. New opportunities for youth on the labor market. Results of the IV St.  Petersburg International Youth Labour Forum. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2020, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 255–259.


dc.contributor.author

value: Kamachkin, Alexander M.

value: Potapov, Dmitriy K.

value: Yevstafyeva, Victoria V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kamachkin A.M., Potapov D. K., Yevstafyeva V. V. Dynamics and synchronization in feedback cyclic structures with hysteresis oscillators. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2020, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 186–199.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Consider the dynamics of complex systems with cyclic links. The systems have the ring
structures composed of hysteresis-feedback oscillators. In one of these systems, each oscillator
has an additional feedback with the next oscillator. Sufficient conditions for the existence
of periodic and recurrent motions are established. The periodic motion corresponds to a
synchronous process occurring in such cyclic structures. In particular cases, we obtain the
conditions for synchronization, as well as the stability conditions for synchronous oscillatory
processes.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 16; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: complex system dynamics

value: cyclic structure

value: oscillator

value: hysteresis feedback

value: synchronization

value: stability