dc.contributor.author

value: Torkin, Dmitrii A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Torkin, Dmitrii A. 2023. “Specific performance and damages in Anglo-American and  сontinental law”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 474–491.  https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.212 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with moral and ethical factors of contract law influencing the choice between
specific performance and damages as the main remedy. Development of the law of contracts
depends on decision of three dilemmas: “deontology or utilitarianism”; “will theory or objec tive theory”; “pacta sunt servanda principle or its denial”. In the course of protection of the
contractual interest the law of contracts tends to right-based or economic theory depending
on decision of the dilemmas mentioned. The economic theory gives priority to claim for dam ages whereas the right-based theory to specific performance. The article reveals reasons why
specific performance is not popular in the USA as well as examines specific performance as
an equitable remedy. The subsidiary role of specific performance to damages is additionally
disclosed with regard to the adequacy of damages criterion which has not yet been followed
in continental law. The continental legal system determined balance between specific perfor mance and damages on the basis of Roman legal procedure (cognitio extraordinaria), in op eration during the post-classical period as well as the results of Roman law intellectualization
represented by the doctrine of interest (F.Mommsen) whereby the creditor`s interest replaced
by its equivalent after breach of contract. The aggrieved party is entitled to choose between
damages or specific performance with a preliminary letter of formal notice (France, Germany)
or without it (Russia).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: pacta sunt servanda

value: damages

value: deontology

value: utilitarianism

value: equitable remedies

value: objective theory


dc.contributor.author

value: Novikova, Tatiana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Novikova, Tatiana V. 2023. “The closest connection principle as escape clause for  contractual legal relations of international character”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 403–422. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article contains analysis of escape clause stipulated by Art. 1211-9 of the Civil Code of the
Russian Federation and allowing the court, when choosing applicable law for contract, in ex ceptional cases to reject the conflict of laws rule prescribed by law in favor of the law which is
obviously more connected to contract. The author conducts a case by case analysis of Russian
judicial practice, including judicial acts in which application of escape clause is extensively
substantiated and those in which such application is based on the sole counter-directed link
of contract or is barely substantiated. Moreover, the examples of disaffirmation of judicial acts
which have been based on unjustified application of Art. 1211-9 of the Civil Code of the Rus sian Federation as well as cases of illustrative utilization of the indicated provision are under
analysis. The author pays special attention to the standard (criteria) of the closest connection
principle applied under the auspices of escape clause for contractual legal relations of interna tional character. The author stands for thesis that the court recourse to escape clause of Art.
1211-9 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation as an exceptional case requires ‘compara tive weighing’ of differently directed links of the exact contract culminating in clear conclu sion on sum of significant links to the law of other country in contrast to insignificant link to
the law of country indicated by conflict of laws rule. At the same time, indicators (criteria) of
the closest connection, stemming from unity of its contents even for different functions within
conflict of laws framework, should embrace not only territorial contacts of the exact contrac tual legal relation but also important substantive law considerations (including lex validatis
acknowledged by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

value: the closest connection

value: escape clause

value: contracts conflict of laws

value: transboundary contractual relations

value: international commercial contracts

value: choice of applicable law

value: lex validati

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Banakas, Stathis

value: Popondopulo, Vladimir F.

value: Petrov, Dmitrii A.

value: Silina, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Banakas, Stathis, Vladimir F.Popondopulo, Dmitrii A.Petrov, Elena V. Silina. 2023. “Digital relationships as a subject of legal research”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 492–509.  https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.213 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The subject of legal science manifests itself as a result of the study of its object by methods
suitable for the study of the object. A legal scholar must operate not only with formal legal
research methods, but with other methods that allow one to understand the purpose and
means of activity of a participant in digital relations, and then also the environment (digital
technologies and regulatory frameworks) as an external factor influencing the behavior (will)
of participants in digital relationships. These methods imply a difference in the types of hu man activity and relations, as well as their legal regimes: private and public digital relations
and methods of their regulation. From a theoretical point of view, digital law is not a sepa rate subdivision in the legal system, but a digital form of private and public digital relations,
which requires new approaches to their regulation, but not replacing the content of digital
relations with their form. Private digital relations are the result of legal communication (self regulation) of participants in digital relations. Public digital relations are not relations of law,
but relations of power and subordination (power relations). The constitutional aspects of the
legal study of digital relations make it possible to find a balance in matters of state support for
the development of digital technologies and ensuring human rights and freedoms in his digi tal relationship with the state. The digitalization of relations is only one of the means used by
society and its public entities for the good of man, as his highest value. The state should not so
much regulate technological processes as exercise state control over the activities of technol ogy developers and protect the rights of participants in digital relations.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: digital relation

value: subjects of digital relations

value: objects of digital relations

value: content of  digital relations

value: digital legal relation

value: digital power relation

value: digital law

value: research methodology

value: human rights and freedoms


dc.contributor.author

value: Korobko, Kseniya I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Korobko, Kseniya I. 2023. “Hematopoietic stem cells from umbilical cord blood (placenta) as an object of civil rights”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 389–402. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.207

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the problems of civil law regime of hematopoietic stem cells of umbilical
cord (placental) blood. Currently, hematopoietic stem cells of umbilical cord (placental) blood,
as well as other human biological objects are not legally classified as objects of civil rights. As
part of the study, the author conducted an analysis of hematopoietic stem cells of umbilical
cord (placenta) blood in the context of their attribution to civil rights objects, for which they
were studied in the refraction of such properties (attributes) of civil rights objects as discreteness,
legal binding and consistency. Based on the analysis, it was found that the examined cells
correspond to the properties (attributes) of objects of civil rights and therefore can be classified
as such. One of the key problems arising in law enforcement is the determination of the
owner of these cells. To answer this question, the author has analysed the legal position of the
child’s father, the child’s mother and the child himself, taking into account medical advances.
It is concluded that both mother and child have rights to these cages and they are subject to
the regime of joint ownership. It is argued that the ownership of hematopoietic stem cells
arises at the time of isolation of their concentrate from the umbilical cord (placental) blood.
Considering the contractual regulation of legal relations in the use of hematopoietic stem cells
of umbilical cord (placenta) blood, taking into account that their collection, transportation
and storage are types of works (services) constituting medical activities, it is concluded that
these activities should be carried out in accordance with Chapter 39 “Gratuitous provision of
services” of the Civil Code. In terms of storage of isolated cells, the rules of Chapter 47 “Storage”
of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation may be applied subsidiarily.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: hematopoietic stem cells

value: cord blood

value: placental blood

value: medical activity

value: transplantation

value: object of civil rights

value: ownership

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Vasilyev, Ilia A.

value: Vetrova, Evgenia G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vasilyev, Ilia A., Evgenia G. Vetrova. 2023. “A new ‘catch 22’: ‘Protective measures’,  ‘preventive measures’ and ‘sports sanctions’ versus Russian athletes”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg  University. Law 2: 510–520. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.214

dc.description.abstract

value:
After the announcement of a Russian special military operation, the International Olympic
Committee (IOC) on February 28, 2022 offered its Recommendations to the Olympic Move ment (international sports federations and other global sports’ organizers) on the participa tion of subjects of Russian sports. The IOC recommended that Russian athletes should not
be allowed to participate in international competitions unless Russian participants act as
neutral athletes. Since that date, international sports federations have imposed and continue
to impose multidirectional negative measures against Russian athletes. Despite the formally
non-mandatory status of Recommendations, the federations have chosen Russian athletes’
suspension and not “neutral status”, with rare exceptions (and the nuances of the decisions):
the International Judo Federation (IJF), the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the Inter national Automobile Federation (FIA), the International Cycling Union (ICU). Unfortunately,
suspensions of Russian athletes have become a “routine” practice of global sports in 2022.
The speed of making suspension-decisions identical to the IOC Recommendations raised a
well-founded question about the existence of legal grounds for suspensions in the regulation
of international federations. This research is focused on the types and content of “measures”
(“protective”, “preventive”, “sports sanctions”) against Russian athletes, including the IOC pro posed “protective” doctrine. As a result, at least three main points were identified. First, the
names “protective” and “preventive” are artificial, and all measures are identical in content.
Second, at the time the measures were adopted, the statutes of the sports federations did not
explicitly provide for either “protective measures” or “preventive measures”. Thirdly, the use of
“sports sanctions” as “measures” is not based on the statutes and constitutions of international
sports federations.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: International Olympic Committee

value: international sports federations

value: protective measures

value: preventive measures

value: sports sanctions

value: suspensions of athletes

value: Russian athletes


dc.contributor.author

value: Pashentsev, Dmitriy A.

value: Zubanova, Svetlana G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pashentsev, Dmitriy A., Svetlana G.Zubanova. 2023. “Improving the quality and  efficiency of lawmaking against the backdrop of modern social transformations”. Vestnik of Saint  Petersburg University. Law 2: 521–530. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.215

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the modern era, social transformations contribute to the dynamic development of basic
legal frameworks governing public relations. Consequently, the lawmaking process is facing a
certain crisis due to the rising legislative inflation and a gap between the pace of social change
and lawmaking mechanisms. In these circumstances, improving lawmaking activities should
be based on doctrinal developments, including those concerning lawmaking quality and ef ficiency. The article uses constructivism methodology to illustrate the inextricable connection
between the legal process and law enforcement, which is seen as the first stage in the process of
shaping the legal reality. The authors analyze how domestic legal thinking has evolved in rela tion to the efficiency and quality of lawmaking. A list of the criteria and parameters proved by
Soviet and post-Soviet scientists was compiled. It is shown that lawmaking activity efficiency
and quality are dialectically related. It is justified to consider the social determinants that affect
lawmaking efficiency. Accordingly, it is concluded that the efficiency of legal norms should be
measured by what impact their application has had on society, in what extent they have met
the goals of social management at the given stage of social development. The authors propose
three levels of measuring the efficiency of legal norms in modern society: formal-legal, axi ological and general social. The value of legal monitoring is highlighted in assessing the qual ity of lawmaking and determining the extent to which legal norms are efficient.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

value: lawmaking

value: efficiency of lawmaking

value: quality of lawmaking

value: legal norms

value: society

value: law  enforcement

value: legal reality


title: Bills of exchange in a letter of credit

dc.contributor.author

value: Zhongmin, Zha

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zhongmin, Zha. 2023. “Bills of exchange in a letter of credit”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg  University. Law 2: 531–541. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.216

dc.description.abstract

value:
Application of bills of exchange in documentary credits (letters of credit, LC) has been con fronting with many disputes given different opinions and interpretations of bills of exchange
ordinance under various legal jurisdictions, which has resulted in a controversy to abolish bills
of exchange in LC transactions. To combinate functions and legal aspects of bills of exchange
into the practice of documentary credits, this article emphasizes the importance of bills of
exchange in LC practice, articulates the functions of bills of exchange in the procedure of LC
business from the perspectives of qualified payment prompter as well as the verification of
payment amount and the determination of maturity date & payee, and concludes that bills
of exchange plays a critical settlement role by means of prompt payment in documentary
credits. As suggested by the Opinions of International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Banking
Committee and the practice of blank bills of exchange this article explains further the right to
examine the bills of exchange and to dishonor discrepant bills of exchange by an issuing bank
or a confirming bank or a nominated bank, however, the beneficiary has the right to correct
or alter discrepant bills of exchange due to the payment undertaking by the issuing bank or
the confirming bank. Since bills of exchange is a financial instrument instead of a commercial
document, this correction or alteration by the beneficiary to the bills of exchange should not
be subject to the limitations by presentation period and expiry date stipulated by the terms
and conditions in the documentary credits. This essay suggests conclusively that the Para graph B14 for amounts and Paragraph B16 for correction and alteration in ISBP745 should
be revised to provide consistent examination standards to solve the problems of conflicting
opinions of the bills of exchange under various jurisdictions.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: documentary credits

value: bills of exchange

value: issuing bank

value: beneficiary

value: document

value: prompt payment

value: examination standards

dc.title

value: Bills of exchange in a letter of credit

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Komissarova, Elena G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Komissarova, Elena G. 2023. “Social parents and social upbringing of a child in legal  discourse”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 542–559.  https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.217 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the author’s judgments about such a “manifest” concept for the family legal reality as social parents. In the status of a theoretical construction, it is often included
in legal discourse, but the sign of sociality accompanying it is deprived of proper analysis
by family law science. Interpreting sociality in the context of social reality, each author sees
in it his own hypothesis of social (kinship, parent, child rearing). This approach has led to a
significant scientific omission, concluded in the fact that the child-parent branch of family
law includes counterterrorism, which has no connection and an understandable relationship
with the concept of “persons recognized by parents at the direction of the law”. The correlation
of the concept of “social parents” with such concepts of this series looks no less vague: the
rights and obligations of parents; persons replacing parents; other persons in whose care the
child is. The conclusions of the article reflect the author’s scientific views on the problem
posed by him and consist in the following: the presence of obvious social grounds for the
introduction of new parental concepts into the space of family law should not harm the
academic maxim about the inadmissibility of separating existing legislation. Following the
goal of strengthening its integrity and internal logic, the doctrine will have to identify social
parents in the space of law not only from the standpoint of the usefulness of their social role,
but also in the sense of correlation with already known normative constructions; scientific
success in cognizing the semantic essence of the theoretical construction “social parents” can
be achieved provided that cognition is not organized as an autonomous problem that exists
“by itself ”, but in connection with the existing legal knowledge about parents “by law”; in the doctrinal construction of “social parents”, a significant theoretical resource is reserved, which
is able to make such latent legal concepts as the actual father/mother, stepfather/stepmother,
and actual educator scientifically relevant.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: sociality in law

value: social parenthood

value: theoretical construction

value: the state of actual parenthood

value: stepparents

value: the actual upbringing of a child


title: Preface

dc.contributor.author

value: Grishina, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Preface. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, p. 130-132.

dc.description.abstract

value: Preface

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 13; Issue 2

filename: 01-предисловие.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Strizhitskaya, Olga Yu.

value: Petrash, Marina D.

value: Golubitskaya, Daria I.

value: Kuzmina, Maria G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Strizhitskaya O. Yu., Petrash M. D., Golubitskaya D. I., Kuzmina M. G. Stereotype-based helplessness: Statement of the problem. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 136–146. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The work is devoted to the analysis of phenomena associated with the aging period: stereotypes
about aging and learned helplessness. For several decades, modern society has been
facing the problem of improving the quality of life of older people in the face of increasing life
expectancy. The formation of aging strategies at earlier stages is considered as one of the most
progressive approaches to improving the quality of life. However, the use of these strategies
is mediated by both negative and positive factors. Our analysis shows that at the junction of
two specific psychological phenomena — stereotypes about aging and learned helplessness,
there may be another little-studied mechanism — stereotype-based helplessness. Our analysis
showed that stereotypes about aging are widespread and have a variety of effects, including
positive ones, however, the power of negative effects is several times higher than positive ones.
In turn, learned helplessness is a mechanism when, based on his/her negative experience, a
person stops trying to achieve any result. We suggested that the basis for such helplessness
can be not only the direct experience acquired by a person, but also the stereotypes one has
learned. The concept introduced by us has a high potential for both theoretical and practical
applications. We believe that a decrease in activity caused by stereotype-based helplessness
can cause accelerated processes of curtailment of mental functions during aging, as a result,
the study of the mechanisms of stereotype-based helplessness will, on the one hand, expand
our understanding of the mechanisms of aging, first of all, evaluate this mechanism as a risk
factor for productive aging, on the other hand, understanding the psychological predictors of
stereotype-based helplessness will help in the future to create practical techniques to reduce
the risks of its manifestation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation, grant no. 22-28-00869, https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-28-00869.

dc.subject

value: aging

value: effective aging

value: stereotype-based helplessness

value: ageism

value: learned helplessness

dc.type

value: Article


title: Preface

dc.contributor.author

value: Grishina, Natalia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Preface. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, p. 133-135.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

filename: 02-предисловие.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Кlementyeva, Мarina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Klementyeva M. V. The Russian version of Iinventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (the IDEA-R): Developmental features of university students. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 164–182. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Emerging adulthood is a new liminal period ranging from 18 to 25 years, and is a trend in
most of today’s industrialized societies. Its key psychological dimensions have been explored
in many countries through the IDEA (Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood)
instrument, but not in Russia. The goal of the present study was to measure the psychometric
properties of the IDEA-R in Russia. This study applied an adaptation of the IDEA-R
to 410 Russian students aged 18 to 25, whose educational level ranged from Bachelor’s to
Master’s of higher school. An Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and the Zimbardo Time
Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) additional measures were used. Exploratory factorial analysis
pointed out that the IDEA-R adapted to the Russian context presented a six-factor structure.
These factors are: identity exploration / self-focus, instability/negativity, personal freedom, experimentation/
possibilities, feeling “in-between”, other-focused. The measure has the internal
consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.82) and stability in time (ρ = 0.62). Age reduced the levels of the
perception of experimentation/possibilities (p = 0.001) and feeling “in-between” (p < 0.001).
We found that the participants who reported higher levels of SWLS and the ZTPI exhibited
lower level instability/negativity (p ≤ 0.001), but higher levels identity exploration / self-focus,
and experimentation/possibilities (p ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, the IDEA-R is a valid and reliable
instrument of investigation of the emerging adulthood phenomenon in Russia and to
provide data for comparison of the measure in different countries.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: emerging adulthood

value: development

value: students

value: psychometric properties

value: Russia


title: Coping behavior for social phobia

dc.contributor.author

value: Luneva, Polina D.

value: Ababkov, Valentin A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Luneva P. D., Ababkov V. A. Coping behavior for social phobia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 147–163. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Social phobias remain widespread disorders, with only a small proportion of people seeking
qualified help. In addition, at the moment there is a lack of comprehensive studies of coping
behavior in social phobias. In this regard, a comprehensive study of this phenomenon becomes
relevant. This work includes issues of social frustration and social support, as well as
the level of perceived stress, which allows a more holistic view of the process of coping with
stress. The article describes the results of a study of coping behavior in individuals with different
levels of social anxiety. The study was conducted online. The sample consisted of 197 respondents:
56 of them had a low level of social anxiety, 79 had an average level, 41 respondents
had an extremely high level of social anxiety, which allows us to speak about the presence of
certain manifestations of social phobia. The following methods were used in the study: Social
Anxiety and Social Phobia Questionnaire; Ways of coping behavior; personal questionnaire
Big 5 adapted by D. P. Yanichev; Multidimensional scale of perception of social support in the
adaptation of V. M. Yaltonsky and N. A. Sirota; The level of social frustration and the Scale of
perceived stress — 10. The results of the study indicate an increased level of perceived stress
and a lack of coping resources in a group of people with social phobia. In turn, the coping
strategies of this group are not balanced: there is a predominance of avoidance with a rare use
of problem solving planning, the search for social support and positive reassessment. In addition,
the level of social frustration for the group of people with social phobias is higher than for the average and low levels of social anxiety. In general terms, we can talk about maladaptive
coping behavior in individuals with social phobia.

dc.subject

value: social anxiety

value: social phobia

value: coping strategies

value: coping resources

dc.title

value: Coping behavior for social phobia


title: Experience of transgender transition

dc.contributor.author

value: Rodionov, Gennady A.

value: Zinovyeva, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rodionov G. A., Zinovieva E. V. Experience of transgender transition. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 214–228. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
An attempt has been made to study the experiences of transgender people in the conditions of
their living in a critical life situation (transgender transition). The study included conducting
and analyzing a semi-structured interview, as well as collecting and analyzing quantitative data
using an author’s questionnaire compiled on the basis of content analysis of interview texts.
10 transgender people (average age 21.2 years) took part in the interview, 285 transgender people (average age 21.21 years) took part in the survey. The analysis of the phenomenology
of experiences and subsequent verification by mathematical methods (hierarchical clustering
and the Mann — Whitney U criterion for independent samples) made it possible to identify
and describe two types of experiences of transgender people: “open to self-search” (81 people)
and “avoidant” (204 people). “Open to self-search” transgender people more often gave high
marks to positive states and emotions about transgender transition, noted the experience of
community with transgender people. In the process of transgender transition, new meanings
were produced: cognition, acceptance and self-development; life planning and the importance
of building future goals; professional development. Family, partner and friendly support were
assessed by them as positive or favorable social factors. “Avoidant” transgender people more
often noted negative states and emotions about transgender transition, and avoidance of communication
with people. They note the experiences associated with doubts and assessment of
the correctness of the transgender transition, with excitement about the reactions of people
around them to transgender status, with a feeling of loneliness among cisgender people. The
negative attitude of the family, loved ones and others, as well as discrimination in public places
were considered as interfering with the transgender transition and life in general. This study
serves as an attempt to phenomenologically describe the experiences of transgender people
accompanying a transgender transition, as well as to identify differences in them.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: transgender people

value: transgender transition

value: experience

value: critical life situation

value: Experience of transgender transition

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Pankratova, Alina A.

value: Nikolaeva, Maria E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pankratova A. A., Nikolaeva M. E. Russian adaptation of the ProQOL (Professional Quality of Life) scale by B. Stamm. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 183–198. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper presents a Russian adaptation of the ProQOL (Professional Quality of Life) scale
by Stamm. This questionnaire assesses the positive and negative aspects of professional quality
of life in people who work as helpers (compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue). The
Russian version of ProQOL was tested on the sample of counseling psychologists (N = 304,
84 % female) aged from 22 to 66 years (M = 39, SD = 8) with counselling experience from 1 to
29 years (M = 6.9, SD = 6.5). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the Russian version of ProQOL has a four-factor structure: job satisfaction, occupational satisfaction,
secondary trauma, and burnout. Based on the correlations between the primary scales,
it is proposed to calculate also the scores on the second-order scales, compassion satisfaction
and compassion fatigue. Internal consistency of the primary scales ranges from 0.71 to 0.80,
and internal consistency of the second-order scales is equal to 0.85 and 0.80 respectively. Occupational
satisfaction correlates negatively with burnout (r = –0.51, p < 0.001) and secondary
trauma (r = –0.31, p < 0.001). Job satisfaction correlates negatively with burnout (r = –0.26,
p < 0.01) but does not correlate with secondary trauma (r = –0.04). The association between
professional effectiveness and professional quality of life in novice counselors (N = 54) was
also analyzed. It was found that counsellors’ self-efficacy while working with a client’s request
correlates positively with their compassion satisfaction (r = 0.37, p < 0.01) and negatively with
their burnout (r = –0.46, p < 0.001).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: professional quality of life

value: counseling psychologists

value: compassion satisfaction

value: compassion fatigue

value: secondary trauma

value: burnout

value: ProGOL questionnaire


dc.contributor.author

value: Troshikhina, Evgenia G.

value: Danilova, Marina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Troshikhina E. G., Danilova M. V. Mother and adult daughter: The connection between their psychological well-being and the mother’s parental attitudes. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 199–213. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
In psychology, attention to the study of human well-being has increased. The question is how
psychological well-being transmitted from mother to daughter, if it is. Aim: to study the relation
between the psychological well-being and parental attitudes of mothers with the psychological
well-being of adult daughters. Hypothesis: psychological well-being is transmitted
from mother to daughter both directly and through the mother’s parental attitudes, with the specificity in periods of adulthood. The sample of 111 dyad mother — daughters from Russia
included two groups. The first group consisted of daughters 20–25 years (M = 22) and mothers
39–50 years (M = 45), the second — daughters 26–40 years (M = 33) and mothers 51–
65 years (M = 56). Methods: Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff), Satisfaction with Life Scale
(Diener), Fordyce Emotions Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Parental Attitude
Research Instrument (Schaefer, Bell). Correlation and factor analysis was conducted. Results:
in general, the psychological well-being is transmitted from mother to adult daughter directly
and through the mother’s parental attitudes towards equality, independence, and acceptance.
However, the mother with high components of “life goal” and “positive relationships with
others” has a more pronounced authoritarian control over the early-adult daughter. In daughters,
this leads to a decrease of the psychological well-being, but to an increase in happiness.
The psychological well-being of middle-adult daughter is correlated with that of the mother,
both directly and through the mother’s attitudes towards acceptance and independence. The
high psychological well-being of the late-adult mother serves as a buffer when faced with her
daughter’s separation, allowing finding new aspirations.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: psychological well-being

value: subjective well-being

value: happiness

value: satisfaction with life

value: self-esteem

value: parental attitudes

value: mother

value: daughter


dc.contributor.author

value: Kashapov, Mergalyas M.

value: Lukina, Anastasia S.

value: Makhnovets, Sergey N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kashapov M. M., Lukina A. S., Makhnovets S. N. Structural-level organization of conflict competence in the professional activities of a manager. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 261–278. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.209 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
A high level of conflictogenicity in the educational environment, an increase of objective and
subjective causes of conflicts, necessitate the formation and development of conflict competence
among the heads of educational institutions. The relevance of research in this direction
is due to a certain contradiction between the demands of practice for the prevention and
resolution of conflicts and the real lack of a description and theoretical justification for the
patterns of the structural-level organization of conflict competence. The starting point is the
position of the scientific school of V. D. Shadrikov, according to which the implementation
of the metasystem approach in line with the theory of systemogenesis makes it possible to
explain the features of the development and functioning of complex systems, as well as their structural-level organization. This approach is a development and transformation of the system
approach and describes qualitatively different properties of complex psychological systems,
which include conflict competence. The purpose of the study is to identify the essential
properties and features of the manifestation of the structural-level organization of the manager’s
conflict competence. In the course of the study, the methodology “Complex Questionnaire
of Metacognitive Potential” (A. A. Karpov) was used. To establish the basic qualities of
the leader’s conflict competence, the following methods were used: “Diagnostics of the leading
type of response (M. M. Kashapov, T. G. Kiseleva); “Conflict competence” (M. V. Bashkin,
V. A. Gorshkova, A. M. Voskresensky). The research was carried out on a sample of 240 directors
of educational organizations. For the first time, the essential properties and features of the
functional content of conflict competence subsystems were discovered, the interrelationships
of the composition of the structural and functional components of conflict competence at the
subsystem level of its organization were revealed, the natural relations of the severity of the
leading type of response in a conflict situation and the subsystems of metacognitive potential
were characterized, and the features of the system-wide level of the structural organization of
conflict competence were determined. Taking into account the results obtained contribute to
the development of measures to support the heads of educational institutions for the purpose
of psychoprophylaxis of their professional destructions.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 13; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: conflict competence

value: structural-level organization

value: metasystem approach

value: managerial activity

value: model of conflict competence

value: subsystems of metacognitive potential

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Gorbunov, Ivan A.

value: Kuprikova, Marina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Gorbunov I. A., Kurpikova M. V. Factors of cognitive complexity of test questions in psychophysiological studies. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 244–260. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents the results of a study of the functional state evaluations of the brain
during auditory perception. The subjects listened 60 questions with different linguistic characteristics,
taken from polygraph database templates, and answered to them. This characteristics:
is the number of different types of words, the percentage of words from different
parts of speech, the number of negations, the presence of forms of personal pronouns and
their place in the question, the number of letters, the percentage of vowels, the position of
intonational stress. As psychological characteristics that affect the functional state of the
brain, the following were measured: verbal intelligence according to the R. Amthauer’s test,
personal and situational anxiety according to the Spielberger — Khanin test. To measure
the functional state of the brain, a 19-channel EEG was recorded in the 10–20 % system. The
functional state of the brain was assessed by calculating the fractal dimension of the EEG
using the method. The sample consisted of students and employees of a number of educational
institutions in St Petersburg, 9 men and 8 women aged 19 to 59 years. An analysis of
the experimental data made it possible to confirm the hypothesis about the influence of the
measured questionnaire characteristics, the linguistic characteristics of the questions, and
the psychological characteristics of the subjects on the fractal dimension of the EEG. EEG
analysis in various leads revealed two EEG “complexity” factors related to the frontal and
occipital areas of the brain. A regression model was obtained for assessing the cognitive
complexity of a particular test question, which is reflected in the complexity of the EEG
curve of the subject perceiving this question. The resulting model allows you to select questions
for psychophysiological examination that have the required level of cognitive complexity.
The results of the work testify to the importance of such an indicator as the fractal
dimension of the EEG for studying the functional state of the brain and its dependence both
on the personal and biological characteristics of a person, and on the emotional state and
complexity of the information received by the analyzers.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: EEG

value: fractal dimension

value: cognitive complexity

value: linguistic features

value: psychophysiological expertise


dc.contributor.author

value: Starodubtsev, Alexei S.

value: Sladkoshtieva, Anastasia V.

value: Zemlyanov, Aleksandr A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Starodubtsev A. S., Sladkoshtieva A. V., Zemlyanov A. A. Strategy or local control? Interaction of Gratton effect and proportion’s effect in the Stroop test. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 229–243. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2023.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Models of cognitive control contain the mechanism of the general strategy of solving a task
and control of specific stimuli special mechanisms. There is an ongoing discussion as to which
control is responsible for the Gratton effect and the Stroop test’s proportion effect. The Gratton
effect consists in decreasing the Stroop effect after an incongruent stimulus, the proportion
effect is to increase interference when incongruent stimuli predominate among other types of
stimuli. In this study, we set out to test whether there would be an interaction between these
effects. If it is detected, we can say that both effects of study are produced by a general cognitive
mechanism. Similar studies of general strategy using the Stroop task include congruent
and incongruent stimuli. Congruent stimuli produce a response facilitation effect that is
mixed with an interference effect, making final interpretation difficult. To avoid this, we used
different proportions of incongruent and neutral stimuli. We conducted three experiments using
different proportions of incongruent versus neutral stimuli (66:33/33:66 and 80:20/20:80),
as well as the type of design (intragroup and intergroup plans). Only the Gratton effect was
detected in the experiments performed — no proportion effect or significant interaction between
the Gratton and proportion effects was found. In three experiments (N = 70), only indirect
evidence was found for the effect of proportion on the Gratton effect. These results
are difficult to explain in terms of “strategic” interference model who explain both effects by
a change in the global strategy for solving the task. Given the systematic lack of interaction
between the Gratton effect and other effects in the literature, we can say that the Gratton effect
is caused by a local control system, which the proportion effect influences, if at all, only
slightly. The connection between the proportion effect and strategic control and the factors
that mediate it are discussed.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant no. 20-013-00778.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Psychology;Volume 13; Issue 2

value: Stroop interference

value: cognitive control

value: automatic processes

value: proportion effect

value: Gratton effect


dc.contributor.author

value: Yanchenko, Denis G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yanchenko D. G. The Russian-Chinese Borderland in the Late Imperial Period in the Revision of Trade and Economic Relations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 317–333. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.202 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article based on the analysis of modern Russian historiography, archival materials, and
press information characterizes a number of problems of economic policy in the Russian-Chinese
borderland from 1880–1890 until the crisis in relations between the two powers in 1911.
The methods of the 19th century were becoming less and less effective as the economy of the
Qing Empire was being put on new capitalist “tracks”. Materials of periodicals, documents of
personal origin received by governmental chanceries of Russia allow to reveal patterns of social
thought of the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, describing the eastern lines of internal and
foreign policy. The article outlines the opinions of the involved Russian regional population
and the administration on trade and economic relations. The principles of the Treaty of Saint
Petersburg and trade rules of 1881 did not stand the test of time. The Russian population in
Eastern Turkestan, Mongolia, and later in the alienation zone of the Chinese Eastern Railway
faced numerous problems related to property rights, illegal expropriation, barriers to commerce
from the residents and the Chinese Qing authorities who saw in Russia a threat to their
territory and even to the existence of the Qing dynasty. Foreign invasion into Manchzhuria,
the construction of Russian settlements and cities in Chinese land, and then Russia’s defeat
in the war with Japan forced the authorities of the two powers to look for new approaches to
resolving trade and economic conflicts.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation project no. 22-28-01267 “Private capital
or the state one? Public debate on the paths of Russia’s economic development (from the second half of the
1870s through the first half of the 1890s)”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 68; Issue 2

value: the Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881

value: Rules for overland trade of 1881

value: Turkestan

value: Iliisk territory

value: Manchzhuria

value: Chinese Eastern Railway

value: borderlands

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Belov, Sergey I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Belov S. I. Organization of the Clothing Supply of the Russian Army during the First World War. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 334–352. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.203 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with an under-researched problem of the history of the supply of the Russian
army during the First World War — the organization of clothing supply. The author adopts a
micro-historical approach, focusing his interest on the Shuiskii district of the Vladimir province.
On the basis of the analyzed archival documents, the author comes to the conclusion
that during the first year of the war, supplies were provided without the creation of special
organizations. The situation changed in the summer of 1915. In July — August 1915, a network
of army supply committees was created in the Vladimir province. This was the result of
an attempt by the state and public organizations to build a single vertical of supply. After that,
a range of items supplied to the army from the Shuiskii district expanded significantly — in
addition to short fur coats, it includes sledges, carts, bushings, wheels, shell boxes. However,
in the real process of fulfilling these orders the administrative and technological chain for the
procurement of complex items of equipment was constantly faltering. This led to the refusal
to work on complex orders — from the summer of 1916, the Shuiskii Committee switched
exclusively to the delivery of cloth for foot wraps and woolen gloves to the army. In general,
a detailed analysis of the work of the Shuiskii Supply Committee reveals the main reasons for
the inconsistency in the work of zemstvos for supplying the army in 1914–1917.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research has been supported by the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow
University “Preservation of the World Cultural and Historical Heritage”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Shuisky district

value: handicraft industry

value: procurement of things

value: World War I

value: the main committee for the supply of the army

value: zemstvo administration


dc.contributor.author

value: Rybin, Danil V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rybin D. V. Ideology of the Movement of Liberal Legalists and the Theory of Conservative Liberalism. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 304–316. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.201 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The great reforms of Alexander II formed a movement of liberal lawyers in the Russian Empire
who were seeking ways of modernization of the country’s socio-political system on European
models. We propose referring to this group of lawyers as “liberal legalists”. Liberal legalists
are understood as an association of liberal dignitaries of the Russian Empire in the second
half of the 19th — early 20th centuries, mainly judiciaries and legal scholars. The ideology of
legalists can be defined as conservative liberalism, and their ideological inspiration was the
famous legal scholar B. N. Chicherin. The movement of liberal legalists has not been studied in
historical science, yet this topic seems important for the formation of a holistic and objective
picture of the socio-political history of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th and
early 20th centuries. The degree of participation of legalists in the general conservative-liberal
movement of the empire at the turn of the century deserves a separate discussion. This movement
encompassed like-minded circles of zemstvo and urban intelligentsia, and part of the
middle- and upper-class bourgeoisie. In contrast to the history of the organization of zemstvo
unions described in scholarship, the history of legalist activity as a socio-political movement
has not been identified or defined. The use of archives of legalist societies, memoirs and diaries
of imperial lawyers enables to reconstruct this movement and determine its role in the liberation
movement. The use of the problem-based approach and chronological method made it
possible to carry out this reconstruction.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 68; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: A. F. Koni

value: B. N. Chicherin

value: liberal legalists

value: conservative liberalism

value: liberal conservatism

value: liberalism

value: human rights

value: protective liberalism


dc.contributor.author

value: Davydov, Alexander Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Davydov A. Yu. Revolutionary Military Railway Tribunals in Northwestern Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 353–375. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.204 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article discusses aspects of activities and social functions of the revolutionary military
railway tribunals, which operated in 1920–1923. The novelty of the research is ensured by the
lack of attention to this theme in historiography and the involvement of a wide range of sources
which have not been previously introduced into the scholarship. The author focuses on the
activities of the railway tribunals in four railway networks: the United North-Western Roads
(Warsaw and Baltic directions), the Petrograd part of the Moscow-Vindava-Rybinsk network,
Nikolaevskaii railway network (the prospective October railway), and Murmansk network.
Three revolutionary military railway tribunals operated there. The author, for the first time in
historiography, describes the reasons and the process of organizing the latter, their staff composition,
and the forms of their work that changed at different stages. The emphasis is placed
on the emergency powers of employees of these departments and the tasks assigned to them
which was manifested in almost unlimited freedom of the members of the tribunals in administering
justice in the “interests of the revolution”. The article presents an original perspective
on the process of the controversial activity of the transport tribunals. The study reveals a
conflict between their urgent task to restore labor discipline, on the one hand, and practical
activities aimed at indulging the avant-garde class, on the other hand. The author comes to the
conclusion that the tribunals, first of all, sought to unite the proletarian collectives around the
Communist Party. Managers’ enthusiasm for an ideological project led them away from reality.
In the final part of the article, it is proved that during the period of new economic policy,
the activities of the revolutionary tribunals lost their extraordinary character. They ceased to
correspond to their purpose and, in fact, turned into people’s courts, being abolished in 1923.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: revolutionary tribunals

value: war communism

value: railways

value: the People’s Commissariat of Railways

value: emergency commissions

value: bag people

value: labor deserters

value: visiting sessions

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Latyshev, Artem V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Latyshev A. V. Everyday Life of the Staff in Koltuban Filtration Camp. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 376–392. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.205 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the everyday life of the staff of Koltuban filtration camp. It operated from
early 1942 to autumn 1943 in the west of the Chkalov (Orenburg) region. Its task was to filter
Soviet soldiers who returned from captivity or who had been in the occupied territory. The
article describes the identity of the camp commanders, the sources of recruitment of ordinary
employees, their number, educational levels and gender composition. In many respects, the
camp staff were close to inmates: forced mobilization for service, harsh material conditions,
the desire to go to the front. Strict discipline was maintained among minor staff members,
but large-scale theft and embezzlement was regularly carried out mainly by middle-ranking
management. Everyday contacts between the guards and inmates primarily centred around
trade and barter. Cases of aggression and cruelty are not reflected in the documents, neither
are close contacts between the staff and the inmates. This article pays special attention to the
tensions among the camp administration due to the uncertain status of the filtration camps.
The special department not only maintained its independence in filtration but also claimed to
play the main role in the management of the entire camp. The prosecutor sought to go beyond
the boundaries of his functions. The commissar wanted to solve all issues on an equal footing
with the head of the camp and make changes to the regime for inmates, which would turn the
filtration camp into a kind of reserve military unit.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 21-78-00024 “Reintegration
of Former Prisoners of War into Soviet Society, 1942–1947”, https://rscf.ru/project/21-78-00024/

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 68; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: World War II

value: Soviet POWs

value: NKVD

value: Smersh

value: filtration

value: prosecutor’s office

value: commissar

value: staff

value: corruption


dc.contributor.author

value: Sokolov, Roman A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sokolov R. A. Historical Memory of Dmitry Donskoy in the Pre-Petrine Period. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 481–495. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.211 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The historical memory of Dmitry Donskoy in the first centuries after his death was primarily
of a secular nature. His victory in the Kulikovo field determined the public perception of his
image. Even during the life of Dmitry, there was a convergence between his image and the
memory of Alexander Nevsky, but the question of church glorification of a victor over Mamai
was not raised. The reason lay in Dmitry’s policy of active interference in the affairs of ecclesiastical
authorities. Even a large-scale canonization of Russian saints, initiated by Metropolitan
Macarius, left Dmitry Donskoy out. It can again be attributed to his difficult relationship with
the church authorities. However, this didn’t prevent an increasing tendency of inclusion of
the image of the Grand Duke as a talented military leader and conqueror of the Horde in
the historical memory of his contemporaries and in the coordinate system of the ideology of
the newly created unified Russian state. Ivan Grozny considered him one of the “historical
models” for his own rule and emphasized his own descent from this glorious ancestor. In the
17th century, the nobles, constructing their genealogical history, tried to connect their origins
with the boyars who went to the court of Dmitry Donskoy. The emerging “connection” of the
historical image of Dmitry with Alexander Nevsky, canonized at the all-Russian level in 1547,
was also preserved.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 21-48-04402 “Saints and Heroes:
from Christianization to Nationalism. Symbol, Image, Memory (Nord-West Russia, Baltic and Nordic
countries)”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Dmitry Donskoy

value: historical memory

value: history of the Russian Church

value: history of Russia

value: Battle of Kulikovo

value: canonization of saints

value: principality of Moscow


dc.contributor.author

value: Fedorov, Aleksei N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fedorov A. N. Promoting Leningrad Cadres in the First Post-War Years. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 393–408. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.206 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the mechanism, scale and reasons for promoting Leningrad cadres to
central and regional bodies in 1946–1949. The prevailing opinion in Russian historiography
is that during the first post-war years, hundreds of executives from Leningrad received
significant posts in Moscow and different regions of the country thanks to A. A. Kuznetsov.
The study of personnel policies of the 1940s reveals that A. A. Kuznetsov, as the head of the
Cadre Department of the Central Committee, was responsible for the preparation of issues
concerning cadres, but the decisions were made by the Secretariat and Politburo. The country’s
top leadership, and especially J. V. Stalin, carefully controlled all key personnel reshuffles, so
A. A. Kuznetsov could not freely promote his people. An analysis of the archival documents
shows that there was no large-scale expansion of Leningrad cadres in the first post-war
years. In 1945–1948, only 20–30 people from Leningrad annually received high positions. In
contrast to appointees from other regions, they more often headed obkoms and oblispolkoms,
and yet their share in the regional leadership of the USSR was small. The active promotion
of Leningrad leaders was primarily due to the fact that many of them had university degrees
and solid managerial experience. The Central Committee tried to overcome the shortage
of qualified middle-ranking managers with the help of Leningraders, as well as employees
of central and metropolitan departments. For the same reason, some regional leaders were
also interested in Leningraders. The promotion of Leningrad cadres continued even when
G. M. Malenkov became again responsible for their selection and was stopped only because of
the “Leningrad affair”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 68; Issue 2

value: A. Kuznetsov

value: Leningrad affair

value: nomenclature

value: post-war period

value: regional leadership

value: Central Committee of the CPSU

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Margaryan, Yervand H.

value: Margaryan, Lusine Ye.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Margaryan Ye. H., Margaryan L. Ye. The Role of Mashtots and Ulfila in the Creation of a New Civilizational Identity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 432–453. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.208 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to two educational movements of the turn of the 4th–5th centuries —
Gothic and Armenian. Outstanding enlighteners — Ulfila and Mashtots — were at the origin
of these movements and laid the cornerstone in the construction of the national identity of
their peoples. In either case, it was a civilizational project designed to put an end to paganism
and “latent barbarism” in the periphery of the Roman world, which was rapidly declining.
The invention of their own alphabets and the translation of the Holy Scriptures was aimed
at organizing a national Church, which in its turn was the main tool for creating a national
identity. The introduction of the Goths to the “peoples of the Scriptures” was an initiative,
first of all, of Ulfila himself, but his project was actively supported by the Roman authorities.
However, there is no indication in the sources that Ulfila’s project was backed by the Gothic
elite. In contrast, Mashtots’ educational project from the very beginning met with the approval
and active encouragement of all strata of Armenian society, primarily, the church and secular
elites, as well as common people. In fact, it was a nationwide project, and the seeds of Armenian
enlightenment fell on kindly soil. This explains the surge in Armenian culture in the fifth
century.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The article was written with the financial support of the Committee on Science of the Republic of
Armenia, project no. 21AG‐6C041: “Cognitive, communicative and semiotic mechanisms of the formation
of historical memory and national identity: transdisciplinary analysis of Armenian epic literature, historiography,
urban space and political discourse”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: barbarism

value: enlightenment

value: national Church

value: pre-modern national identity

value: peoples of the Scriptures

value: Bible

value: Mashtots

value: Ulfila


title: Political Portrait of Brezhnev

dc.contributor.author

value: Puchenkov, Alexander S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Puchenkov A. S. Political Portrait of Brezhnev. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 409–431. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.207 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the features of the era of L. I. Brezhnev and its perceptions. The author
presents his views on the political portrait of the Soviet leader. The article considers distinctive
characteristics and stereotypical features of the image of the long-term leader of the Soviet
state formed in the national and foreign historiography. The article indicates the key events
and phenomena related to the foreign and domestic policy of the USSR under Brezhnev and
describes the specific aspects of his managerial style. The author focuses on the details of
the conspiracy to remove N. S. Khrushchev from power, and specifically point out that it was
L. I. Brezhnev who headed this conspiracy, and not M. A. Suslov and A. N. Shelepin, as it is
indicated in some research papers on the problem. The article also specifically examines the
achievements of the foreign policy of the era of “détente”, the role of L. I. Brezhnev in the successes
of the policy of those years, the model of his behavior in relations with foreign leaders,
such as R. Nixon, J. Ford, V. Brandt, and others. The research is based on the testimonies of
people who worked closely with L. I. Brezhnev and those who were in his inner circle. According
to the author, L. I. Brezhnev was ready to retire at the end of the 1970s, but members of
the Politburo insisted that he should keep his post. Brezhnev did not manage to survive as a
politician; his death remained practically unnoticed by the Soviet people.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 68; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: L. I. Brezhnev

value: the USSR

value: stagnation

value: political portrait

value: memoirs

value: journalism

dc.title

value: Political Portrait of Brezhnev


dc.contributor.author

value: Dvornichenko, Andrey Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dvornichenko A. Yu. From Cyclism to Theologism, or Again about the Peculiarities of Russian History. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 531–548. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.214 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article was written as a response to the discussion in the previous issue. The concept of the
author was regarded by B. N. Mironov as cyclic-pendulum, or inversion nature of Russia’s development.
According to it, Russia, unlike the West, is characterized not by progressive, but by
spasmodic pendulum development: progress is replaced by reaction, movement goes in a vicious
circle. However, this concept is only a part of the whole theory of Dvornichenko, which
states, in essence, that the state emerged in the Russian history late, only in 16th century, and
in time acquired unique features of state-serfdom system. This system was from time to time
disturbed by so called “Smutas” (crises). It is possible to regard these phenomena as cyclic,
but it is necessary to take into account that the state after a period of crisis, on the one hand,
revives, but on the other hand, there is a tendency towards collapse during such periods and
a possibility of the state’s final dissolution. Some neglect of these phenomena in our history
and the desire to study only so-called modernization leads historians to a biased picture of the
Russian history, which glosses over the truth. This is evident in the works of B. N. Mironov and
his adherents, particularly, in the articles published within the framework of this discussion.
One could not overestimate a positive impact of authoritarian power in our history because it
is a main cause of every “smuta”. In general, we shouldn’t exaggerate the achievements of the
country because the price of every crisis period with the process of demodernization is dear.
For the further understanding of the Russian history new and active discussions are necessary.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: B. N. Mironov

value: cyclic-pendulum development

value: the theory of smutas

value: modernization

value: discussions

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Duskaeva, Lilia R.

value: Ivanova, Liubov Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Duskaeva L. R., Ivanova L. Yu. Linguocreativity in composing a telegram channel paratext. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 40–60. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.103 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
Linguistic creativity is analyzed as a feature of the microblog paratext in the Telegram messenger.
For the media linguistics research, the most important paratext components of publications
in Telegram channels were selected, namely: nickname and slogan, which, combining
many posts into integrity, are aimed at establishing contact, identifying, informing, advertising
and highlighting the channel among others. It was found out that due to the specifics of
the technological conditions of speech interaction in Telegram, these paratext components
become zones of speech creativity of telegramers and undergo polyparametric language transformations.
Linguistic innovations in naming and sloganistics of three thematically diverse
groups of Telegram channels — about politics, science and entertainment — are considered.
As a result, linguocreative techniques were established in the channel’s paratext, the role of
discourse createms in the process of participants’ communicative adaptation to new technological
conditions was revealed. Linguocreative techniques in the channels naming consist
in the use of specific word-formation, lexical and syntactic resources of the language, which
are adapted to the needs of politically, scientifically or entertainment-oriented communication.
Linguistic innovation in sloganistics is determined by the desire to draw attention to
the channel as a whole and to its individual messages, which forces the participants of telegram
communication to mobilize such means of linguistic creativity that update the repertoire
of linguistic means for naming speech activity. The research of linguocreativity in the Telegram
channel paratext opens up broad prospects for the study of linguistic innovations in the
metatext and intratext components of the media text created in new technological conditions.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation no. 22-18-00184 “Speech practices of
objection and ways to overcome them in popular science media communication”.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: media linguistics

value: linguistic creativity

value: speech adaptation

value: paratext

value: nickname


dc.contributor.author

value: Nagornaya, Alexandra V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nagornaya A. V. Metaphor as a means of describing flavor in the contemporary Englishspeaking culture. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 79–97. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.105 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents an analysis of metaphors used to describe flavor in the 21st century Englishspeaking
culture. The analysis is based on the modern theories of taste developed within the
Humanities and the most relevant ideas of Metaphor Studies. Among the latter is J. Zinken’s
Discourse Metaphor Theory. According to it, metaphor can serve as a framing device, setting
conceptual landmarks for oral and written narratives. The research was conducted on the
basis of the culinary show MasterChef. The author made a sample of five hundred metaphors,
which is representative enough to achieve the main objective of the research: to reveal the patterns
of metaphorical activity in conceptualizing flavor and model the metaphoric landscape
of flavor. The research shows that the metaphoric landscape of flavor is constructed around
several discourse metaphors: flavor is an event, flavor is a dimensional object, flavor is balance,
flavor is a living being, flavor is a form of art. Each discourse metaphor can be used as it is,
represented in speech by the most typical verbal means. It can also be represented by its subordinate
forms. For instance, the subordinate forms for the event metaphor are flavor is motion,
flavor is an impact, flavor is an explosion, and others. Genetically different metaphors may be
combined within one description conveying different aspects of flavor. Metaphor expands the
repertoire of means used for communicating flavor experience and is a full-fledged means of
its cognition and verbalization, alongside qualia terms.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: flavor

value: verbalization

value: conceptual metaphor

value: discourse metaphor


dc.contributor.author

value: Morozova, Olga M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Morozova O. M. A Historian in a Military Overcoat of a Volunteer. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 557–568. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.216 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is a review of the monograph by the St Petersburg historian A. S. Puchenkov “The
first year of the Volunteer Army: from the emergence of the Alekseevskaia organization to the
formation of the Armed Forces in the South of Russia (November 1917 — December 1918)”
(St Petersburg: Vladimir Dal, 2021. 813 p.). The main task of the book is to present the most
comprehensive chronology of events. The conclusions of the monograph about the role of
key events and figures during the initial stage of the existence of the Volunteer Movement —
M. V. Alekseev, A. M. Kaledin, V. V. Shulgin, A. I. Denikin, ataman P. N. Krasnov — are of the
greatest interest for the review. This article focuses on the author’s position on debatable issues:
on the correctness of choosing the Don as a springboard for gathering the future army;
on the consequences of the decisions concerning the directions and goals of the First and
Second Kuban campaigns; on the influence of relationships between leaders on the fate of the
movement; on the results of military and state building for the first year of the existence of the
Volunteer Movement. The review also makes critical remarks regarding the methods of working
sources, too heterogeneous and contradictory to be used as a single explanatory basis. The
approach of the author of the monograph is also characterized by his selective attitude to the
opinions of eyewitnesses, in particular, more favourable to representatives of the mainstream,
pro-Denikin, direction of white émigré literature.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 68; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Civil War in Russia

value: Volunteer Army

value: Cossacks of the South of Russia

value: memoirs of white emigration

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Rupasov, Alexander I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rupasov A. I. Finnish-Turkish Relations as Reported by Envoy Yrjö-Koskinen. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 468–480. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.210 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article focuses on Finland’s relations with Turkey in 1940–1944. Although Turkey recognized
Finland’s independence as early as 1918 and established diplomatic relations with Finland
in 1926, Finland did not have a diplomatic mission in Ankara until 1940. The protracted
nature of the relations was mainly determined by the lack of a basis (political or economic)
for Finland’s interest in Turkey. A sharply changed situation following the Soviet-Finnish war
(1939–1940) and the war in Europe inevitably required additional information for evaluation
of the processes taking place. Neutral Turkey could provide such an opportunity even by virtue
of the fact that the Finnish diplomatic representative was able to contact with diplomats of
both Axis and Western powers (with the British Embassy before relations with Finland were
severed by England in 1943). The content of the reports of the Finnish envoy A. A. Yrjö-Koskinen
enable to imagine the extremely difficult situation of Turkey, which was under constant
political pressure from the opposing sides. From the point of view of the Turkish state and
military leadership, the victory of either side in the World War posed a risk to Turkey. In reality,
Yrjö-Koskinen’s role as the head of Finland’s diplomatic mission was reduced to collecting
somewhat chaotic information about world events, not always accompanied by his own
analyses or comments. At the same time, the envoy’s reports to the Finnish Foreign Ministry
showed the lack of any evident Turkish interest in the development of relations with Finland.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Turkey

value: Finland

value: Germany

value: international relations

value: diplomacy

value: World War II


dc.contributor.author

value: Sosnitsky, Dmitry A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sosnitsky D. A. Russian History in the Monumental Sculpture of Pre-Revolutionary Saint Petersburg. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 496–507. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.212 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the complex of monumental sculptures of pre-revolutionary
St Petersburg in terms of their influence on the construction of mass ideas about
the history of Russia. The list of monuments created and installed in St Petersburg since the
beginning of the 18th century until 1917 has been compiled on the basis on the analysis of
reference books and researches. The article describes the circumstances of installation of some
significant monuments, their interpretation of objects of historical memory (historical figures,
events, phenomena). The author also analyses active participation of some emperors
(Catherine II, Alexander III, Nicholas II) in the creation of projects for monuments to historical
figures and events and their role in the formation of the sculptural appearance of St
Petersburg. The study outlines three main groups of monuments and describes the quantitative
proportion between them. It identifies the most popular heroes of the Russian history
and concludes about the reasons for the popularity of various heroes and plots. The article
provides calculations that demonstrate quantitative trends in the installation of monuments
during the period in question. The study includes analysis of the press of St Petersburg devoted
to the unveiling of some monuments and to expert opinions about the monuments. The article
makes conclusions about the reasons for the dominance of monuments to rulers, statesmen,
and representatives of the imperial family over other groups and analyses the image of the past
formed by the monumental sculpture of St Petersburg in the imperial period.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation within the framework of scientific
research “Monumental sculpture of St Petersburg as a tool for constructing national memory”, project
no. 22-78-00164.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: historical memory

value: Saint Petersburg

value: images of the past

value: monumental sculpture

value: monuments


dc.contributor.author

value: Peretyatko, Artyom Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Peretyatko A. Yu. Certain Problems of Researches of Slavery in the Caucasus as Holistic Phenomenon in Modern Russian-Speaking Historiography. Part I. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2023, vol. 68, issue 2, рp. 508–530. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.213 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the analysis of modern Russian historiography of slavery in the Caucasus.
The author comes to the conclusion that despite a heightened attention to local and
individual cases, the works describing Caucasian slavery in general are rather few, and they
have appeared relatively. Therefore, there is no unified comprehensive picture of slavery in the
Caucasus, and even evaluation of its cruelty can differ dramatically. The first part of the article
introduces terminological definition of Caucasian slavery and clarifies the context in which it
should be studied. It shows that researchers usually don’t define the very concept of “slavery”,
which leads to serious distortions: sometimes only one of the types of Caucasian slavery is
termed “slavery”, whereas others are ignored; sometimes various forms of dependence are
blended under one definition of “slavery”, etc. The author suggests that the term should be
defined in the researches to avoid serious distortions of terminological and conceptual nature.
As a context for the study of slavery, the author proposes using the history of the Black Sea
slave trade locus. Russian influence in the region became predominant in the 19th century, and
the main forms of Caucasian slavery were shaped under social conditions completely atypical
of Russia. The very approach to slavery characteristic of the Caucasus was based on Mediterranean
Islamic practices and cannot be properly understood outside of them. Finally, only
in consideration of the relative mildness of certain forms of Mediterranean slavery can some
Caucasian customs, such as selling one’s children into slavery, be understood.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 68; Issue 2

value: Caucasus

value: slavery

value: slave trade

value: captivity

value: social institutions

value: moral history

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Vashchenko, Daria Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vashchenko D. Yu. Slovak temporal adverbs mnohokrát and veľakrát, the specificity of lexical meaning according to compatibility data. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 20–39. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.102 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article considers the issue of synonymy/quasi-synonymy of the Slovak temporal adverbs
mnohokrát and veľakrát, which belong to the semantic group “often”, based on the material of
the Slovak National Corpus. The meaning of the lexemes included here assumes that a certain
situation is repeated, and the speaker considers the number of such repetitions to be high. The
analysis is carried out on the base of the compatibility of these adverbs in the Corpus. First,
the indicators of the logDice association measure (the distance between collocates from –6
to 6 tokens) are considered, it is shown that the lists of words ranked by this measure are
mostly the same for both lexemes, veľakrát has a certain specificity, which has a high degree
of association with adverbial modifiers marking an extremely high frequency of a situation,
or with constructions suggesting a detailed explication of its causes. The frequency context of
the appearance of both adverbs in the text is thus a comparison of the real state of affairs with
the desired one. In the second part of the article, the joint occurrence of adverbs from this
semantic group is considered, including the compatibility of mnohokrát and veľakrát with the
more frequent adverbs často and neraz. In this case, mnohokrát and veľakrát are used either
for a detailed explication of the state of affairs, or to indicate directly observed situations. As
follows from the analysis, the adverbs mnohokrát and veľakrát are almost complete synonyms,
the difference between them is that the specified specificity of the meaning (high frequency of
repetition, direct observability) is more pronounced in veľakrát than in mnohokrát.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: temporal vocabulary

value: semantics

value: compatibility

value: Slovak language

value: association measures


dc.contributor.author

value: Fomina, Tatiana A.

value: Druzhinin, Andrey S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fomina T. A., Druzhinin A. S. Context-dependent variation of a naming across the euphemism/ dysphemism spectrum. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 137–155. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.108 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The object of the investigation are X-phemisms (euphemisms or/and dysphemisms), i. e. units
of affective semantics and polite communication. Euphemisms and dysphemisms that make
evaluative judgements and stance taking possible are treated dialectically, as variants of a naming
in/through its contextual ambivalence and the relativity of its affective semantics (relationality).
The evidential base of the research builds on the findings of theoretical analysis
and empirical investigation of context, in which direct and indirect naming identifies with a
positive or negative stance taken by the ‘namer’ (i. e. speaker). Theoretical interpretation of
the context-dependent variation of a naming is based on the textological analysis of dictionary,
functional and occasion-specific euphemism and dysphemism on the level of structural
semantics with the use of lexicographical and culturological data as well as the pragmatical
parameters of the discourse. Empirical analysis implies putting together observational data
from the investigation of the experiential context of communicative actions upon the semantic
units in question. The research material is based on the dialogical discourse of the TV show
Desperate Housewives. A conclusion is made that X-phemism is a dynamic semantic unit characterized
by affective valence and blurred lines between its positive and negative value. On a
textuallevel, X-phemism is a contextually ambivalent naming.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: X-phemism

value: contextual ambivalence

value: indirect naming

value: co-referentiality

value: experiential context


dc.contributor.author

value: Sokolova, Olga V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sokolova O. V. Contro tutto e contro tutti: The linguistic pragmatics of protest in the Italian futurists’ manifestoes. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 98–116. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.106 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The speech act theory by J. L. Austin and the conception of the degree of strength of illocutionary
force (point) by J. R. Searle and D. Vanderveken underlies the study of exercitive speech act
as the act of objection/protest expressed by prepositions contro and against ‘против’. Historically,
protest as a genre goes back to the Ancient rhetorical tradition, but in the 20th century, it
has also become an aesthetic foundation of the Avant-garde poetic discourse. The expression
of protest and a critical attitude towards the dominant discourse become one of the grounds
for the interaction of the Avant-garde poetic and political discourses. Discourse and linguopragmatic
analysis of the Italian Futurists’ manifestos is carried out from the standpoint of the
linguistic creativity that manifests itself in the form of the Avant-garde linguistic experiment.
Further, the Italian Neo-avant-garde (Neoavanguardia, Gruppo ‘63) develops the idea of confronting
linguistic and cultural norms in its poetical texts and manifestoes like Linguaggio e
opposizione (1961) by Nanni Balestrini or Ideologia e linguaggio (1965) by Edoardo Sanguineti.
The markers of adversative semantics include such grammatical and lexico-grammatical
means as но, однако, впрочем, против, напротив, вопреки, наперекор; ma, anzi, mentre,
però, bensì, pure, eppure, contro, piuttosto, etc. The paper focuses on the pragmatic and semantic
features of the preposition contro as one of the most frequent opposition markers in
the Italian Futurists’ manifestos. The study distinguishes methods of deviation from standard
use, aimed at increasing the illocutionary force and the performative potential of the message.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research is funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 19-18-00040 and is carried out
at the Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: semantics of opposition

value: linguo-pragmatic experiment

value: exercitive

value: avant-garde poetic discourse

value: political discourse

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Zélikov, Mikhail V.

value: Ivanova, Anna V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zélikov M. V., Ivanova A. V. The paradigm of patterns with the verb of possession in Ibero-Romance languages based on the corpus data. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 61–78. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.104 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article attempts to find out the paradigm of patterns with the verb of possession (tener/
tenir/têr) in Spanish, Catalan and Portuguese using the material of corpus data. It also shows,
basing on the criterion of subject-object relations, the possibility of syntactic transformations
with other basic verbs following two possible ways: existentiality — stativeness — locativity
and activeness — possession. Depending on the semantic characteristics of the names that
fill the positions of actants within the configuration of the sentence patterns with the verb
of possession with real or fictitious subjects (agents) and objects (patients), four types are
distinguished: 1) animate subject — animate object; 2) animate subject — inanimate object;
3) inanimate subject — animate object; 4) inanimate subject — inanimate object. The analysis
of the empirical material presented in the article allows us to assert that the role of the verb of
possession as the most important structural element in the expression of predicativity in the
Ibero-Romance area is very significant. A separate section of the article presents data showing
that the features of the functioning of the possession verbs in the Ibero-Romance languages
can be explained as a result of interference with the ancient pre-Roman language of the Iberian
Peninsula — Basque.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: possession

value: subject-object relations

value: real/fictitious subject

value: activization

value: substrate


dc.contributor.author

value: Stepanov, Evgenii S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Stepanov E. S. Linguocultural evaluation specifics in German and Russian reviews on sociology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 117–136. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.107 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article raises the issue of linguocultural specifics of evaluation strategies in scientific expert
practices of Russia and Germany. The relevance of the work is explained by its inclusion
in the modern context of interdisciplinary studies and its focus on linguistic, sociolinguistic
and linguoculturological aspects of examination of evaluative linguistic means. It is revealed
that the communicative practice of scientific expertise is pivotal for verification and axiomatisation
of scientific knowledge. The material for the study are German and Russian corpora of
scientific sociology reviews, with the evaluation predication being chosen as the main analysis
unit. The analysis of predications is carried out using qualitative and quantitative methods,
including both statistical analysis of quantitative corpus data and their interpretation based
on context, authorial intention and the type of specific evaluative meanings within the framework of real communicative practices. The novelty of the study consists in the identification
of sociolinguistic features of rational and emotional evaluation procedures in scientific sociological
discourse in Russia and Germany. It is found that German- and Russian-speaking reviewers
use different specific evaluation strategies. Whereas in German-language sociological
reviews, the focus is on rational evaluation by validity, clarity and completeness criteria for an
objectively detached work examination, Russian reviewers widely use emotional evaluation to
express their attitude and personal interest. German-language reviews are generally characterised
by a significantly higher degree of evaluative saturation, with evaluations roughly equally
distributed into the positive and negative groups, in contrast to Russian-language reviews,
where negative evaluations are scarcely found.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant no. 22-28-01024 “Evaluation language
in scholarly humanities practices and discourses of Germany and Russia” at the St. Petersburg State
University.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: scientific discourse

value: scientific expert practice

value: evaluation

value: authorial stance

value: sociology expert reviews


dc.contributor.author

value: Bakumenko, Olga N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bakumenko O. N. Names of colour in V. Nabokov’s bilingual worldview (based on the original and self-translated texts of the novel Lolita). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 4–19. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.101 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the current problem of studying bilingual authors’ idiolects in colour
aspect. This research aims to identify the features of Vladimir Nabokov’s lingua-colour worldview
associated with the use of English and Russian in self-translation. Lists of colouremes of
the original and translated Lolita are made; their part-of-speech facet is analyzed; dominant
coloronyms are identified and compared; structural peculiarities of the selected colours in
both lists are studied. The novelty of the work lies in the creation of English and Russian
lexicons and frequency dictionaries of representatives of Nabokov’s color worldview, which
gives objective data about the linguistic personality basing on idiolect. Along with quantitative
method, the work uses the method of systematic scientific description, via which the multidimensional
systematization of empirical material is conducted and the comparative method
implemented in observation, comparison and interpretation techniques for the received language
data. The article notes both common and specific features in the two color lexicons.
With a comparable number of English and Russian colouremes, the translation language is
more coloristic. Part-of-speech differences of colours are noted. In complete lists chromatic
designations predominate, they are more frequent in Russian. Among the dominants achromatic
colors outweigh, English achromatisms prevail. Numerous hapaxes and complex
coloremes, rarely equivalent, contribute to the palette diversity. The main causes of inconsistencies
are identified. The author comes to the conclusion that the ways of lexicalizing the
color perceptions of the bilingual writer-translator are modified when switching to the target
language that indicates differences in Nabokov’s worldview.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Vladimir Nabokov

value: language personality

value: creative bilingualism

value: author’s translation

value: linguа-colour worldview

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Erofeeva, Elena V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Erofeeva E. V. The meaning and functions of pragmatic markers in Russian oral speech. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2023, 20 (1): 170–182. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.110 (In Russian)

dc.description.abstract

value:
The reviewed dictionary-monograph Pragmatic Markers of Russian Everyday Speech (St Petersburg,
2021) is devoted to the lexicographic description of pragmatic markers, considered
as a class of discursive words whose typical features (absence of denotation, lexical and grammatical
meanings, multi-categorization, multi-functionality) are manifested to the highest
degree. The dictionary-monograph is the first dictionary that provides a detailed description
of over 60 Russian discursive units in various contexts and in the variety of their functions,
which makes it a unique phenomenon in modern Russian linguistic studies. The genre of the
publication is defined not as a dictionary but as a dictionary-monograph, since the dictionary
entries are not traditional. They are more like linguistic essays which include both common
lexicographic zones and rich illustrative material, as well as the functions of the markers in
speech. In addition, the description is given not in the genre of a dictionary but rather in the
genre of a scientific article. All this provides extensive material important for understanding
the functioning of markers in speech; without such data the dictionary of discursive units
would not make sense. The dictionary is based on the results of work of many linguists while
creating the corpora One speech day and Balanced annotated text collection and processing
the richest material from these sources. The structure of the dictionary-monograph includes
the editor’s preface, the dictionary of pragmatic markers itself, and some final reflections. The
editor’s preface is a theoretical introduction that explains to the reader the point of view of
the authors’ team on the units of the dictionary, and the results of the studies on how they
function in speech. The most important part of the theoretical introduction is the typology of
pragmatic markers based on the functions they perform in speech. The dictionary entry includes the headword, all the functions of the pragmatic marker, rich illustrative material from
everyday speech for each of the marker’s functions and, in some cases, statistics on the use of
the marker in a particular function. The dictionary clearly demonstrates multi-functionality
of pragmatic markers. In conclusion, the author-compiler notes that the work on the dictionary
is still in progress, and it is open for additions. A multimedia version of the dictionary is
already available.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 20; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: discursive words

value: pragmatic markers

value: dictionary-monograph

value: functions

value: illustrative material