dc.contributor.author

value: Lappo-Danilevskii, Konstantin Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lappo-Danilevskii K. Yu. Nikolai F. Emin’s Imitations of the Ancients and their French Source. Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 322–337.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article establishes the source of Imitations of the Ancients, published in 1795 in Saint
Petersburg. The translator and compiler of this book was Nikolai F. Emin (1767–1814),
son of Fedor A. Emin (1735–1770), the famous Russian writer and adventurer of Turkish
origin who died when his son was only three years old. Emin junior did not know ancient
languages and therefore used a French anthology by Julien-Jacques Moutonnet de Clairfons
(1740–1813), which was printed many times in the 18th century. For his book Emin
choose poems by Sappho, Anacreon (to be precise, Anacreontic poetry), Theocritus, Bion,
Moschus, Horace and Catullus. Emin also used the biographical preambles to their poems,
which he shortened significantly. In the preface to his book, Emin expounded upon the theory
of “imitation,” denying the possibility of precision in poetic translation. He also defended
the necessity of rhyme in “imitations” of ancient Greek and Latin poetry. Despite these
declarations, Emin generally followed quite closely Moutonnet de Clairfons’ French prose.
Only once did Emin make fundamental changes. This was in his “imitation” of Theocritus’
eleventh idyll. In this case, he explained his logic in an extensive footnote. Emin changed
the ugly cyclops Polyphemes into the gallant and handsome shepherd Menalk, substantiating
his decision with the declaration that such a hero better suited “our present age.” In
other cases, deviations from ancient texts can be explained not by Emin’s arbitrariness, but
by changes made by Moutonnet de Clairfons in the French translation. For example, it was
he who combined two poems by Catullus (XCII и LXXXV), a decision that Emin followed.
To the famous lament for a sparrow, Moutonnet de Clairfons added an appeal to “sensitive
lovers” which is also found in Emin’s text.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: 18th-century Russian literature

value: reception of Sappho

value: Anacreontic poetry

value: Theocritos

value: Bion

value: Moschus

value: Horace and Catullus in Russia

value: Nikolai Emin

value: J.-J. Moutonnet de Clairfons


dc.contributor.author

value: Basargina, Ekaterina Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Basargina E. Yu. On the 130th Anniversary of M. E. Sergeenko: Doctoral Defense in Besieged Leningrad. Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 346–369.

dc.description.abstract

value:
During the years of World War II, some scholars defended their doctoral and candidate theses
in classical philology and ancient studies, including M. E. Grabar-Passek, F. A. Petrovsky, V. S. Sokolov,
S. Ya. Lurie, N. A. Mashkin, A. V. Mishulin, and K. E. Grinevich. Nevertheless, the doctoral
defenses of I. M. Tronsky and M. E. Sergeenko in the besieged Leningrad are extraordinary
events. Unlike Tronsky, about whose defense little is known, some pieces of information about
the doctoral defense of M. E. Sergeenko have been preserved thanks to recently revealed documents
in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg Branch. A relatively
large piece of M. E. Sergeenko’s doctoral dissertation preserved in the archive and abstract to it
provide an idea of the content, scope and structure of her work. It has been determined that the
chapter “Fruit Farming in Ancient Italy,” the only one preserved in the typescript of the dissertation,
is identical to the essay “Gardening” in Sergeenko’s book Essays on Agriculture in Ancient Italy (1958). The analysis of the thesis’ abstract and the reviews of the opponents allows us to
conclude that other chapters, not preserved, of the dissertation were also included in this book.
Based on the data collected in the archival “dissertation” file of Sergeenko it is possible to reconstruct
the procedure of the doctoral debate, clarify some facts of her biography and determine
the date of her defense (June 10, 1942). The opponents of the thesis were I. I. Tolstoy, S. I. Kovalev
and A. P. Ilyinsky; the reviews of the first two opponents are published in this article. In 1943, the
Higher Attestation Commission of the All-Union Committee for Higher School Affairs awarded
M. E. Sergeenko the degree of Doctor in Philology.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 16; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: M. E. Sergeenko

value: history of science

value: classical philology

value: besieged Leningrad

value: scientific certification

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Pozdnev, Michael M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pozdnev M. M. The Circulation of Sciences in Europe, or Peter the Great’s ‘Greek project’. Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 290–307.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In his famous speech of 1714, Peter I depicts Europe as a single organism with Greece as its
heart: it is from here that “the sciences,” like blood, once flowed and along the homeward
path they run, having first gained a firm foothold in Russia. The18th century perceived this
comparison as a real political program: the similarity was supposed to imply that the European
culture should be brought back to Greece on Russian bayonets. This rendering was
born with the utopian “Greek project” of Catherine II and lasted until the end of the century.
Neither confirming nor contradicting it, the 19th century prefers to see in Peter’s words pride
in the successes of the Russian enlightenment which was introduced during the two decades
of his reformist activity. The 20th century, burdened with the baggage of literary associations,
interprets this image as commonplace for baroque rhetoric, a routine metaphor for translatio
studii with little or no actual political meaning. Undoubtedly authentic, transmitted by several
early witnesses, the speech became part of the ‘Petrine myth,’ but, surprisingly enough, was
never the subject of critical source analysis. Thus, its historical context and intended meaning
remained largely obscured. A comparative study leads to the conclusion that all its renderings
originated from a common literary source. The archetypal version was that of F. Chr. Weber,
while the other variants are more or less remote copies containing deliberate amendments.
A closer look at the relevant paragraphs of Weber’s notes reveals the true pathos of the speech.
Peter’s rhetoric, prompted by his immediate concerns, boils down to an admiration for the
culture of Western Europeans. The historical context clarifies what motivates the central image
of the simile — Greece as the heart of European enlightenment: shortly before the episode,
the tsar was treated to a Greek speech delivered by the six-year-old son of the learned Moldavian
prince Dimitrie Cantemir who was one of Peter’s principal allies.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 20-012-
42005.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Peter I

value: the Greek project

value: translatio studii

value: Dimitrie Cantemir


dc.contributor.author

value: Krzyszczuk, Łukasz

value: Morta, Krzysztof

dc.identifier.citation

value: Łukasz Krzyszczuk, Krzysztof Morta. The question of St. Jerome’s translation ex Hebraica veritate in the example of Deut. 8:15. Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 241–261.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article offers yet another opinion concerning the 18th-century controversy surrounding
St. Jerome’s level of knowledge of Hebrew and his Old Testament translation from the Hebrew
truth (ex Hebraica veritate). Assurances that Jerome’s Latin rendition is based directly on the
Hebrew biblical books made by the monk himself and by his contemporaries are widely challenged.
Jerome’s testimony is not entirely credible as he tended to confabulate and prevaricate.
Having retraced this dispute about the Stridon-born scholar, the authors of this article subject
verse 8:15 of the Book of Deuteronomy to a thorough analysis. It is a peculiar and important
fragment for the ongoing discussion due to the appearance of the Hebrew word צִמָּאוֹן . In the
Greek version (LXX), it had been translated as δίψα (“dry land”). What is crucial here is the
fact that a similar form, διψάς, exists in the Greek language. It is a term used for a venomous
snake. Potentially mistaking “dry land” for a “snake” in the Hebrew language is not possible.
That is why in Jerome’s translation of the Bible from the Hebrew truth such an error should not
have occurred. Meanwhile, we can find exactly that mistake in the scholar’s rendition. In his
Latin translation Jerome introduced the dipsas snake in lieu of the Hebrew צִמָּאוֹן (“dry land”).
This article aims to explain why, in this very spot, the translator departed from the Hebrew
original.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 16; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: St. Jerome

value: Vulgate

value: Book of Deuteronomy

value: translation studies

value: snakes

value: Hebraica veritas


dc.contributor.author

value: Ermolaeva, Elena L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ermolaeva Е. L. The Greek “Epigram” by the Leichoudes Brothers to Peter I. Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 308–321.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides a transcription, translation, context, and commentary on two versions of
a Greek “Epigram” to Peter the Great by the Leichoudes brothers, Ioannikios (1633–1717) and
Sophronios (1653–1730), Greeks from Kephallenia who were outstanding religious writers
and enlighteners. The poem called “An Epigram to our quietest and crowned by God Tsar Peter
Alexeevich, autocrat of Moscow and all of Great, Small and White Rus” was preserved as an
example of elegiac couplets in the manuscripts of their textbook “Poetics” (“Περὶ τῆς ποιητικῆς
εἴτε μετρικῆς τέχνης”), which they composed for the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy — the first
higher education establishment in Russia set up by the Leichoudes brothers in 1865 in Moscow.
The textbook “Poetics” was written in ancient Greek without any Slavic translation. It
was taught in the upper classes (suprema). In fact, it appears that this was a textbook on Greek
versification. In 1855, the version of the “Epigram” kept in the manuscript of the Russian State
Library in Moscow (F. 173 (MTA), № 331), dated to 1687, was published by Sergey Smirnov,
but unfortunately this publication was not free from errors. The Greek version of the “Epigram”
and its translation into Old Church Slavonic which had been kept in the manuscripts
of the Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine in Kiev (F. 306 (Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra) № 337),
seems to have never been transcribed and published before. After having compared both versions,
the author concludes that the Moscow version has a more elaborate rhetorical style. The
“Epigram” was written on the occasion of Peter I’s first visit to the Greek-Slavic school of the
Leichoudes brothers at the Epiphany monastery (1685–1687), the predecessor of the Slavic-
Greek-Latin Academy.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 20-012-
42005.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Peter the Great

value: the Leichoudes brothers

value: the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy

value: “Poetics”

value: humanist Greek poetry in Russia

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak. The Origin of the Latin Fifth Declension. Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 262–276.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The goal of the article is to review Dariusz R. Piwowarczyk’s recent works (2016; 2017;
2017 [bis]; 2019) on the origin of the Latin fifth declension, as well as to demonstrate the
correctness of the dual explanation (Witczak 2015) not discussed or even mentioned by Piwowarczyk.
The author is convinced that Latin, like other Indo-European languages, once
had a separate dual number which disappeared in the pre-literary period. The loss of the dual
number disturbed the declension system existing at the time and caused the need for the
creation of a new declension class (the fifth declension). The laryngeal phoneme *h1 formed
the basic dual ending in the Indo-European languages. Proto-Indo-European animate nouns
of consonant stems created a strong form in the dual number, demonstrating the ending
*-eh1 (hence IE. *-ē and Latin *-ē-), whereas inanimate nouns had a weak form (PIE. *-ih1,
hence Lat. -ī in vīgintī ‘twenty’ and the oblique stem *-iē-, attested in Lat. aciēs, māteriēs etc.).
Proto-Latin dual forms ending in *-ē (< PIE. *-eh1) referring to animate nouns, as well as dual
forms ending in *-ī (< PIE. *-ih1) referring to inanimate nouns, underwent the process of collectivization
and singularization: most of them gained the status of typical singularia tantum
and then formed a separate class of nouns which had -ē- as the common feature. It is finally
suggested that a large group of originally dual nouns (especially the so- called dualia tantum)
formed the Latin fifth declension.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 16; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: dual number

value: dualia tantum

value: etymology

value: fifth Latin declension

value: Indo-European languages

value: Latin morphology

value: singularia tantum


dc.contributor.author

value: Cabrillana, Concepción

dc.identifier.citation

value: Concepción Cabrillana. The Presence and Functionality of Comic Latin Sources in Some Letters by Thomas More. Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 277–289.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Detailed examination of the presence and use of Latin comic sources in Thomas More’s work has
been the subject of little systematic investigation. Among other aspects, the variety of perspectives
from which these sources are handled in More’s writings, and the diverse functionality that
they are endowed with, make this analysis somewhat complex. The object of the article will be
restricted to the analysis of some key mentions of Latin comic sources in a particularly significant
letter from the point of view of More’s defense of humanism, such as the letter to Maarten van
Dorp (1515). In addition, the density of allusions to Plautus and Terence is shown in a set of letters
and, as a means of possible contrast, in More’s epigrammatic texts; an explanatory hypothesis
of this presence is also proposed. The analysis contextualizes the place of the letter in which the
aforementioned allusions occur, and examines them comparatively. It is suggested that the main
functionality of the introduction of references to Latin comedians is to provide eloquent support
to establish a significant part of the refutatio of the letter; these references make it possible to shed
light on certain inconsistencies in the conduct of the addressee, which weaken the objectivity of
his points of view and the correctness of his behavior: hence the Morean criticism of Dorp.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: Latin comedy

value: Plautus

value: Terence

value: letters

value: epigrams

value: Thomas More

value: Maarten van Dorp

value: Gerard Geldenhouwer of Nijmegen

value: humanism

value: Renaissance


dc.contributor.author

value: Kostyleva, Tatiana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kostyleva T. V. “I turn to you as I would turn to Nauck”: Correspondence of Viktor Jernstedt (1854–1902) and Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff (1848–1931). Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 338–345.

dc.description.abstract

value:
While working on the correspondence of Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff with Russian
scholars in the summer of 2021, the author discovered two letters of Viktor Jernstedt
to Wilamowitz in the mss. collection of Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek
Göttingen. Wilamowitz’ part of this correspondence, three letters under the shelfmark call
number 733.2.44 1r–6r, dated between June 1894 and August 1895, was likewise preserved
among the papers of Jernstedt in the St Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy
of Sciences. Jernstedt’s letters and Wilamowitz’ two replies are transcribed for the first
time and published here. Some details that should aid understanding of the letters are offered
in the notes. The transcription of Wilamowitz’ notoriously difficult hand is, even in the most
hopeless cases, possible, and, apart from minor abiding problems, unequivocal. While abstaining
from a full critical commentary on the problem of intrusive stage directions discussed
in the letters, and not wishing to take sides, the author would like to draw the readers’ attention to the way in which the gulf between the two approaches to criticism is wont to be left
unbridged, however sound and convincing the arguments coming from the opposite side are.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Philologia Classica;Volume 16; Issue 2

value: history of classical scholarship

value: correspondence

value: U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff

value: V. K. Jernstedt

dc.type

value: Article


title: Coniectanea (IV)

dc.contributor.author

value: Lucаrini, Carlo

dc.identifier.citation

value: Carlo Lucаrini. Coniectanea (IV). Philologia Classica 2021, 16 (2), 370–387.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The aim of this article is to cast new light on the textual constitution of some passages of
Seneca’s De beneficiis, De clementia, Apolocyntosis, Dialogi and on the text of the anonymous
comedy Querolus sive Aulularia. A new edition of De beneficiis, De clementia and Apocolocyntosis
for the Scriptorum classicorum bibliotheca Oxoniensis will be published by R. Kaster, and
the author of the article had the occasion of reading a proof of it. In this work, approximately
70 of Seneca’s passages and 5 of the Querolus are discussed, for the majority of which a new
conjecture is proposed (the author’s knowledge of the readings of the manuscripts is based
only on the reports of the editions). For instance: De ben. 2, 28, 3 instead of fert read fer<a>t;
De ben. 5, 4, 2 add itaque <bonus>; De ben. 6, 3, 1 read <ni>si cito; De ben. 6, 37, 2 non est…
pudet should be deleted; De ben. 7, 2, 6 instead of prorsus read pronus; De clem. 2, 7, 2 add eius
<levius>; Apocol. 4, 3 add <solito> sonum; De ira 3, 28, 3 instead of dolor read dolus; De ira 3,
13, 7 instead of tota read tuta. Cons. ad Helviam matrem 10, 3 instead of potest read potitur.
Querolus 26 read fall<er>is.

dc.language.iso

value: it

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Seneca

value: Querolus sive Aulularia

value: ancient philosophy

value: comedy

value: textual criticism

value: conjectures

dc.title

value: Coniectanea (IV)


dc.contributor.author

value: Zakharova, Yuliya G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zakharova Yu. G. The epistolary legacy of Russian writers as a source for the study of neology in the second half of the 19th century. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 713–735.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the evolutionary processes in Russian language during the second half of
the 19th century on the basis of letters written by Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Leskov, and Chekhov.
The signs are examined, which helps to determine the neological status of the lexemes. Special
attention is paid to the metalanguage reflection as it provides information about a new word.
Neologisms include both linguistic and speech units: Russian lexical neologisms, potential,
occasional, borrowed vocabulary, and semantic derivatives. The content of the term potential
words in relation to diachrony is specified: their main properties are the ability to eliminate
lacunes in vocabulary, the nominative function, correspondence to linguistic word-formation
types and the usual character of motivational connections. It is concluded that when determining
the occasional status of a lexeme, it is necessary to take into account not only the
violation of the laws of word formation, but the underivability of meaning from the wordformation
model. An important feature of a number of occasionalisms from the period studied
is the reflection of general linguistic trends in them. Borrowed vocabulary is considered in
the aspect of phonetic, graphical, morphological, derivational and semantic adaptation in the
Russian language. The article also analyzes various types of semantic derivational processes
in Russian and foreign vocabulary: figurative, hyper-hyponymic, deviation, and connotative.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Russian language of the 19th century

value: neology

value: potential word

value: semantic derivation

value: epistolary text


dc.contributor.author

value: Baranov, Dmitrii K.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Baranov D. K. On the poetics of mass literature (Alexander Bushkov’s dilogy A Knight from Nowhere and Flying Islands). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 640–660.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Mass literature can be analyzed not only as sociological material or as a background for first
tier literature, but also as an independent phenomenon of the aesthetic sphere. Authors of
commercially successful literature create more complex texts than their less successful competitors.
However, the complexity of the structure of mass works lies not in the philosophical
premise, not in the motive system and other aspects of the text that are important for classical
literature, but in how specific techniques aimed at keeping the reader’s attention at every
moment of time become more complex. In the article, the dilogy of Alexander Bushkov is
analyzed from the point of view of language, the structure of the fantastic world, from the
point of view of the ways of forming relationships between the depicted world and external
reality, between the main character and the reader, as well as from the point of view of the plot
and some popular compositional structures. Particular attention is paid to how the illusion of
“autonomy” of the depicted world is created. The proposed analysis reveals that Bushkov in
his novels not only reproduces features that are generally characteristic of the so-called heroic
fantasy. He finds ways to complicate traditional techniques. Thus, it is demonstrated that successful
mass authors have enough freedom within the framework of the genre canon. This
could not have been detected using the typological approach, which is widespread in modern
literary criticism.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: mass literature

value: Alexander Bushkov

value: methods of text analysis

value: autonomy of the artistic world

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Stepanov, Andrei D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Stepanov A. D. From the Poet of Stagnation to the Prophet of Revolution: Metamorphoses of Anton Chekhov’s reception. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 680–696.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article traces the reception of Chekhov’s image and works from 1880–1900s, and its
continuation in Stalinist culture. The transitional (from realism to modernism) nature of
Chekhov’s works initially forced 19th century critics to negatively assess the “lack of ideology”
and the “accidentality” of his poetics, and later to present Chekhov as an exponent of “longing
for a common idea” and “a fighter against vulgarity”. The claims that Chekhov was outdated or,
conversely, becoming relevant, were strictly correlated with the periods of stagnation/revolutionary
activity. Similar patterns can be observed in Soviet criticism. In the 1920s, anti-Chekhovian
moods were fairly characteristic for avant-garde artists, as well as representatives of the
vulgar sociological method who criticized him harshly. After WWII, critics tried to present
the “pessimistic” and sophisticated author as a bearer of Soviet dogmas and a predecessor
of Soviet literature. For example, Vladimir Ermilov’s works used rhetorical strategies based
on the opposition of “intuitive striving for freedom” vs “suppressive social reality”, which led
Chekhov to the conclusion about the need for radical social changes. With the help of such
rhetorical devices, the mournful “singer of stagnation” was transformed into a “prophet of
revolution”. The task of connecting Chekhov to the humanistic tradition was solved by ascribing to him sympathy for the “little man” and “working man”. All such substitutions were done
by equating the author’s and his heroes’ evaluative position. Many features of the “Soviet”
Chekhov image can be traced back to Chekhov’s lifetime criticism, and therefore the outdated
works of Soviet scholars can serve a clear example of cultural recycling, in which seemingly
abandoned old ideas are reworked anew.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was prepared with the support of the Russian Science Foundation (project 21-18-00527
“Literature of the ‘transitional eras’ as a tool for the modernization of social ties”) at the Institute of Russian
Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

dc.subject

value: Anton Chekhov

value: reception

value: history of criticism

value: Vladimir Ermilov


dc.contributor.author

value: Nefedov, Sergey T.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Nefedov S. T. The variety of evaluation in communicative practices of academic discourse. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 760–778.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article represents a discourse-analytical and corpus study of the evaluation of language as
a pragmatic tool in the structure of the professional scientific activity of German linguists. The
aim of the work consists in outlining the functional-communicative variety of the evaluation
language, depending on the principal task of scientific research, scientific expert and scientific-
educational communication practices. The scholarly relevance of the research rests on its
incorporation into modern interdisciplinary studies of language resources from the aspect of
linguistic pragmatics, interactional sociolinguistics and discourse linguistics, which are directed,
on the whole, towards the study of the language and interpretation of the meaning of
language signs within the framework of real social contexts while also taking into account a
wide range of extralinguistic factors. The novelty of the research is evident in the following
results: for the first time, the linguistic variety of evaluations dependent on the general aim of
communication practice, which determines the axiological perspective, is considered; a disciplinary
correlated classification of evaluation with the allocation of epistemic cognitive, expert
and persuasive evaluation is proposed; the essential differences between the selected types of
evaluation in the pragmatic categories of author-centricity, normo-centricity and addresseecentricity
are substantiated; the text- and discourse-forming part played by language markers
of the evaluation category of importance/relevance in profiling and promoting established
knowledge in the process of teaching the fundamental theoretical disciplines is revealed. The
research material was the German-language corpus of journal articles, scientific reviews and
university textbooks on linguistics.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: evaluation

value: academic discourse

value: epistemic cognitive evaluation

value: expert evaluation

value: persuasive evaluation


dc.contributor.author

value: Olga S., Laletina

value: Zhang, Iwei

dc.identifier.citation

value: Laletina O. S., Zhang Iwei. Describing the verse of Russian émigré poets: Poetry by Nikolay A. Shegolev and its metrical system. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 661–679.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyses Russian émigré poetry: it describes the lyric poetry of Russian emigrants
in the Far East, its connection to the poetry of the metropolis and the western branch of Russian
emigration. The work is focused on one of the least studied issues in the history of Russian
émigré poetry, i. e., the specific development of its verse. Lyric poetry by Nikolay A. Shegolev
(1910–1975), a poet of the so-called “Russian China”, offers extensive material in this respect.
His poetry has been overlooked in terms of academic verse analysis to date; however, many
scholars note that he was very much involved in experimental poetry. This article presents the
results of a unique comprehensive analysis of Shegolev’s metrical system. The analyzed corpus
includes all of Shegolev’s lyric texts available today, i. e., 110 works, 2470 verses. The authors’
analysis embraces the different literary contexts of Russian poetry: Silver age poetry, Soviet
poetry, and the émigré poetry of the western branch. Statistical calculations demonstrate that
Shegolev’s lyric poetry is distinct due to a vast variety of meters and verse patterns (i. e., combinations
of metric and strophic forms). Evidence is provided to substantiate the assumption
that in most poems the choice of a particular model is associated with motifs, theme, plot,
and style. It is concluded that the logic of Shegolev’s experimental verse was shaped by his
individual pragmatic vision: in the setting of historic and cultural emigration, the poet was
desperately pursuing ways to preserve the connection between pre-revolutionary and Soviet culture, and to naturally synthesize the heritage of classic Russian poetry with Russian poetry
of the new era.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: history of Russian poetry

value: Russian émigré poetry

value: theory of verse

value: metrical system of Russian verse

value: poetry by N. Shegolev

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Tsvetova, Natal’ia S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tsvetova N. S. Leonid Borodin in search of the third truth. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 697–712.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the semantic structure and poetics of Leonid Borodin’s Novella The
Third Truth. The author attempts a holistic reading of the work through the use of current methods of mythopoetic analysis. Attention is focused on the meaning of the name, on key artistic
concepts and character series Riabinin — Selivanov — Obolenskie. The artistic concept
of taiga, which is ontologically important for Siberian writers and makes it possible to convey
a characteristic attitude towards the world, is called the basic idea. Borodin managed to fix the
approaching end of the heroic stage of national history in the relationships of key characters;
he managed to show in Selivanov’s fate the reflection of the tragedy of the new, “urban” reality,
which suppresses national-historical instincts, deforming the axiological foundations of
existence. The author believes that the most important thing for a writer in the tragic fates of
Riabinin, Selivanov, Obolenskii is the denial of the possibility of finding a man in new social
and historical conditions, the degree of freedom, which gives the “son of heaven and earth”
the possibility to build life in accordance with the “third”, namely, the real and only truth,
implying a combination of “God’s will, the beginning of natural-space and natural-historical
principles” (Iurii Davydov). None of the heroes of The Third Truth are able to overcome civilizational
pressure. The way out of the civilizational conflict is seen only in the choice of the
author’s life strategy, which is determined by the understanding of truth as an ethical choice
in favor of justice.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: L. I. Borodin

value: The Third Truth

value: hero-trickster

value: character series

value: civilizational choice


dc.contributor.author

value: Kulidzhanyan, Syuzanna S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kulidzhanyan S. S. The name of a comedy film in the aspect of linguistic creativity. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 736–749.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article aims to identify the specific features for forming the name of a comedy film from the
point of view of linguistic creativity. The research is based on 30 British comedy films, which
were released between the 1960s and 2010s. Five highly rated films were selected from each
decade. The developed algorithm for analysis includes several steps which makes it possible
to sequentially study the following aspects, in terms of linguistic creativity, that are critical for
specific features in the formation of comedy films’ names: 1) source of the name, 2) structure
of the name and 3) correlation between the name and the whole verbal structure of a comedy
film. It was found that the degree of structurally semantic modifications of a film name’s initial
source presupposes a film name’s creative potential. The influence of comedy film names’ creative
potential on the choice of certain expressive means for constructing and developing the
plot line of a comedy film was also determined. Data obtained in the study indicates that a film name can produce a certain multitude of verbal components, which are pivotal to the whole
language structure of a comedy film. Moreover, the quantity of verbal components, ‘produced’
by a comedy film name, allows one to judge its linguo-creative possibilities.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project number 19-18-00040.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: cinematic discourse

value: phraseology

value: linguistic creativity

value: comedy film

value: reproducibility


dc.contributor.author

value: Kulikova, Ludmila V.

value: Shatokhina, Sofya A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kulikova L. V., Shatokhina S. A. Regiolects of the Russian sign language: A multimodal electronic corpus (based on the communicative space of Eastern Siberia). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 750–759.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reflects the results of a study focused on the variable features of Russian sign language
(RSL) in a large region of Eastern Siberia. The work analyzes the modern sociolinguistic
landscape of regional variants of RSL and describes the specifics of its functioning in such
subjects as Krasnoyarsky Krai, Irkutsk Oblast’, Tyva and Khakassia Republics. The main scientific
and practical result of the study of RSL regional variants is presented in the format of
developing an electronic multimodal corpus of sign language for a large region of Russia in
the amount of 600–800 signs for each territory based on marking the most frequent signs that
coincide in the subregions of Siberia, as well as being semiotically differentiated according to
the selected territories. Thus, the proposed material summarizes the experience of conducting
institutional and linguistic monitoring of RSL representation in the region and creating an
electronic platform for the assembled corpus of signs. The use of sign language is considered
as one of the analogues of multimodal communication. At the same time, the term “multimodality”
is also applied to the format of the platform, which is designed on the basis of several
channels of information transmission and manifests itself in the integrality of various technological
modes. The novelty of the study lies in the analytical, theoretical and applied examination
of the insufficiently studied and described variants of RSL of the Eastern Siberia region
and in the possibility of their linguistic documentation based on electronic material fixation.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 20-012-
00321/21 “Regional sign languages: multimodal electronic corpus (based on the communication space of
Eastern Siberia)”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Russian sign language

value: word-sign

value: regional variability

value: multimodality

value: communication channels

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Pimenova, Marina V.

value: Rodicheva, Anna A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pimenova M. V., Rodicheva A. A. Metaphors with the sphere sources game and school in the discourse of politics (on the example of Valentina Matvienko’s interviews from 2017 to 2020). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 779–791.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The purpose of the article is to describe metaphors with the sphere sources “game” and “school”
in the individual language picture of a politician’s world. The political discourse of the famous
Russian politician Valentina Matvienko serves as the research material. Her political discourse
is represented by nine interviews, which were given to various publications from 2017 to 2020.
The article turns to the study of the language portrait of a politician in the aspect of using
two types conceptual metaphors. The object of research selected is not accidental — these
metaphors are frequent in Matvienko’s discourse during this period. The article presents such
types of conceptual metaphors as game and school. The analysis conducted illustrated that the
type of game metaphors is realized in four variants: 1) “politics is a sports game”; 2) “politics
is a computer game”; 3) “Media is a card game”; 4) “education is a sports game” based on the
relevant cognitive signs. Another conceptual metaphor “politics is a school” is realized by
means of numerous signs: ‘task’, ‘solution’, ‘formula’, ‘plus’, ‘minus’, ‘context’, ‘topic’, etc. There
are 3.5 times more school metaphors in Russian politician’s discourse than game metaphors
(77.2 % versus 22.8 %, respectively). The traits of a mentor, a teacher who, along with students
(representatives of regional authorities), goes through a political school of education is dominated
in Matvienko’s speech portrait. School images are most often chosen by Matvienko to
express the realities of political life.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: language portrait

value: language personality

value: political discourse

value: conceptual metaphor

value: sphere sources


dc.contributor.author

value: Raevskaya, Marina M.

value: Selivanova, Irina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Raevskaya M. M., Selivanova I. V. Institutional discourse of the modern Spanish monarchy: communicative strategies and tactics in Felipe VI’s speeches. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 810–830.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the article, Felipe VI’s public speeches (from 2014 to 2020) are considered an example of
institutional status-oriented discourse. In the framework of the critical discourse analysis, the
speeches are thought to be a communicative practice aimed at establishing a set of traditional
values and patterns, to maintain social order and expand certain political ideas. The monarch
uses communicative strategies and tactics differently depending on the addressee. The
speeches delivered in the country employ a wider range of instruments of speech influence
and a greater variety of means of linguistic expression, which are related to the role of the
monarch as a guarantor of sustainable development of the state and preservation of national
identity, as well as the need to establish the authority of the monarch in the eyes of citizens
and unite Spanish society on the basis of national values. The monarch’s speeches are primarily
characterized by the use of a self-presentation strategy (identification and solidarization tactics),
an emotional attitude strategy (tactics of unity, tactics of appealing to the addressee’s emotions,
and tactics of value orientation), an argumentative strategy (tactics of pointing to the future,
reasonable assessments) and an agitation strategy (tactics of promise and appeal). His speeches
delivered abroad are less emotional, which can be explained by his status as the Head of state
on the international arena. The strategy of a country’s presentation (tactics of creating a country’s
image) is actively employed, as well as the interpretative (tactics of recognizing the existence of a
problem and indicating a solution) and declarative strategies (tactics of demonstrating an official
position).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: institutional discourse

value: status-oriented discourse

value: Spanish monarchy

value: public speech

value: speech strategies


dc.contributor.author

value: Piotrovskaya, Larisa А.

value: Trushchelev, Pavel N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Piotrovskaya L. А., Trushchelev P. N. The effect of expository text structure on text-based interest: Problem-based exposition (the linguistic aspect). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 792–809.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents a linguistic approach to the study of the emotiogenicity of expository
texts. The purpose of the work is to identify linguistic resources that contribute to readers’
interest in expository texts with problem-based exposition. Expository texts from Russian
textbooks for secondary schools are used as material for the study. The problem-based exposition
is a pattern of text structure organized as “problem and solution”. It consists of two parts:
the first part (“problem statement”) describes a problematic situation associated with a lack of
students’ knowledge; the second part (“solution”) presents a way to solve it. Since the problem
situation is a part of educational communication, the problem-based exposition involves the
contextualization of textual content. For this, expository questions and authorization tools are
often used because they allow for expressing the problem situation and the mental activity of
an addressee. The emotiogenicity of expository texts with problem-based exposition primarily
depends on the degree of contextualization. The contextualization makes it possible to present
the textual content as being personally significant for the reader, to arouse the reader’s desire
to find out something new about an object of interest, and to engage them in the cognitive process.
At the same time, the emotiogenic potential of the problem-based exposition depends on
the content characteristics (constraints, engaging themes), as well as on the addressee’s factor,
in particular their genre expectations.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project number
20-012-00284.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: expository text

value: interest

value: problem-based exposition

value: rhetorical structure

value: emotiogenicity

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ratsiburskaya, Larisa V.

value: Busareva, Sabina G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ratsiburskaya L. V., Busareva S. G. The problem of multimodality as a synthesis of verbal and non-verbal means of influence (based on the material of media texts). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 831–846.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Due to the increased importance of the text format, the article considers the problem of multimodality
which is acute at the turn of 20th–21st centuries: the specificity of the term and concept
of “multimodality”, “multimedia”, and functions of multimodality in modern media texts.
A characteristic feature of the modern media text is its multimodal character as an interaction
of verbal and non-verbal means. The aim of the study is to identify various types of multimodal
neoderivatives and determine their functional specificity. New aspects of media word
creation are associated with the multimodal nature of contemporary media texts: monographing
— the use of multifunctional elements of one language in graphic hybrids (hyphenation,
parenthesis, quotation); capitalization — combination of uppercase and lowercase letters;
polygraphing — combination of the elements of various alphabets; codegraphing — combination
of different code systems (different fonts, numbers, ideograms, drawings, photos, colors,
and emojis). The material of the study includes the texts of printed and electronic media from
the beginning of the 21st century, as well as advertising texts. In the course of the study, the
methods of structural and semantic analysis as well as content analysis were used. The multimodal
media neoderivatives intensify the influential effects of media text. As a result of the
research, the most representative types of graphic hybrids and emoji characters implementing
expressive-game and manipulative tendencies of modern media, as well as performing structural
text functions, are identified in the media texts.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and Fund for
Russian Language and Culture (FRLC), project number 20-512-23003 “Active processes in the modern
Russian language and their study in Russian and Hungarian linguistics”.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: multimodality

value: media text

value: graphic hybrids

value: emojis

value: communicative effects


dc.contributor.author

value: Dementyev, Vadim V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Dementyev V. V. (2021). Forms “How + infinitive” in the titles of Internet publications: Lexical-semantic and pragmatic structure. Media Linguistics, 8 (4), 322–335.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Based on the material of modern Internet media (text queries of the Yandex search engine),
the article examines the widespread type of headings “How + X”, where the X form includes
the infinitive. It is shown that this type is assigned to intentions of advice and instructions,
which are in high demand in modern Internet communication. The formalization of possible
variants of X is carried out: As + Adv + Vmod (including negation) in the infinitive + V (fullvalued
verbs) + Odirect and indirect + Circonstant. Of these, the mandatory components are — How
V, the optional ones are Adv, Vmod, O and Circonstant. Based on the results obtained, the main
structural (structural-syntactic) and content (primarily lexico-semantic) groups are distinguished.
It is established that by the presence and quality in the form “How + infinitive” of the
Vmod term, the most frequent constructions are: How + V, How not + V, How necessary + V,
How possible + V, How better + V, How effectively + V, how well + V, how correctly + V, how
to start + V, how to learn + V, how to learn not + V, how to quit + V, how to stop + V. Complete
lists of semantic verbs V in these groups are provided, structural types are distributed on the
semantics of headings. Thematic groups of verbs acting in position V in the found contexts are
highlighted and examined in detail: the state of the addressee of speech (appearance, health,
physical, intellectual capabilities, technical, medical, culinary, etc. skills); communication (effective)
and building social hierarchies; equipment (gadgets) and its maintenance; games (primarily
computer and role-playing); cooking. A general vocabulary list is provided at the end
of the article.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 4

value: headings How + infinitive

value: Internet media

value: modal types of headings

value: thematic groups of verbs


dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanova, Elizaveta V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanova E. V. On the basic lines of proverbial studies in Russian paremiology. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 875–892.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article summarises the principal achievements of domestic scholars in the area of proverbial
studies, important both for the research on Russian proverbs and the analysis of proverbs
in other languages. An important contribution was made by the introduction of the concept
of the paremiological level of language and the detailed description of structural and semantic
proverbial characteristics of a typological and specific nature, as well as the analysis of the
similarities and differences between proverbs and phraseological word-combinations. Great
significance can be attributed to the studies of the proverbial fund as a system and the introduction
of the concept of the proverbial space, which permitted researchers to consider
proverbs within a multi-dimensional continuum. An important line of research was the study
of the pragmatic functions of proverbs and the proverbial variations, manifested in discourse
and text, along with the experimental research into the knowledge and usage of proverbs by
native speakers. Extensive theoretical and practical skills in the lexicographic presentation of
proverbs, resulting in the compilation of numerous dictionaries, deserve special attention.
The tradition of examining proverbs in the context of culture, and the results of studies on
proverbial semantics in general, laid the foundation for cognitive and cultural-and-linguistic
approaches to proverbial research, which have been developing significantly during the past
twenty years, giving new dimensions to cross-linguistic proverbial studies.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project number
20-112-50028.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: proverb

value: paremiology

value: proverbial semantics

value: proverbial fund

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Kоniushkevich, Maryia I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Konyushkevich M. I. (2021). The “belarusian maidan” thesaurus as media speech reaction to the political context of events manifestation. Media Linguistics, 8 (4), 351–365.

dc.description.abstract

value:
New linguistic formations in the media’s description and evaluation of the protest events in
Belarus (“belmaidan”) on 09.08.2020 are considered as a thesaurus. The study is based on
descriptions of the sociolinguistic and historical context of Belarusian realities, on the provisions
of the reference theory (which manifests itself only in speech and represents not reality
itself, but its image) and the theory of the thesaurus as a system of knowledge about the
world, presented in texts and expressed in verbal signs. In the development of these theories,
the main parameters of the “belmaidan” thesaurus are highlighted: subjects of speech, media
texts and the thesaurus itself as a bicentric structure in the polarization of the centers we and
they. New linguistic formations of the they-thesaurus are characterized in lexical-thematic,
derivational and grammatical terms, as well as in their correlation with objects of reality: several
synonymous variants of names that are isofunctional to a proper name correspond to
the same referent, as a result these units form a structure of synonymous series different from
the one in the dictionary. As a holistic mental-speech formation, the they-thesaurus, due to its
communicative nature, referential orientation and attachment to reality, represents objective
knowledge about a fragment of the real world and reveals its pejorative intentionality at the
intertextual level. Two conclusions are drawn: the event thesaurus is a specific system with its
own social time and space coordinate, having the structure and forms of expression, internal
and external connections as well as capability to expand; the thesaurus analysis of media
speech has explanatory power in the presentation of objective knowledge, on the one hand,
and the expressive capabilities of language, on the other.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: belmaidan

value: thesaurus

value: speech in the media environment

value: new linguistic formations

value: referent


dc.contributor.author

value: Kaverina, Valeriya V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kaverina V. V. (2021). The use of the letter Ѣ in periodicals of the 18th–19th centuries: Usage and codification. Media Linguistics, 8 (4), 336–350.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article based on the material of “Vedomosti” of the era of Peter I, “St. Petersburg Vedomosti”
and “Moscow Vedomosti” of the 18th–19th centuries traces the formation of the use of the
letter Ѣ. The established usage is compared with the recommendations of grammatical works
of the 18th–19th centuries. The specificity of this norm is that the use of Ѣ was determined not
only by the Church Slavonic spelling tradition and artificial rules for differentiating homonyms,
but also by some special patterns of oral and bookish pronunciation. The letter in Peter’s “Vedomosti” occurs very consistently in accordance with the ancient tradition in numbers of
both church and civil type, though older and contemporary grammatical works do not offer
any list of words with Ѣ, nor a list of rules governing the spelling of this letter. “Vedomosti”,
“St. Petersburg Vedomosti” and “Moscow Vedomosti” demonstrate great stability in the use
of Ѣ, primarily at the end of adverbs, function words, comparative and superlative degrees of
adjectives, as well as in the prefix нѣ of indefinite pronouns and adverbs. The slight variability
observed in the spelling of inflections disappears by the 20s of the 18th century. The least
regular use of Ѣ reveals itself in the roots of words, but even here its use in newspapers is more
regular than in the Ѣ lists provided by grammars. A century before the appearance of the first
list of its kind in the Academic Grammar of 1802 in Peter’s “Vedomosti”, the main corpus of
words systematically written with Ѣ in the root was formed, subsequently recorded in full only
in the “Russian Spelling” by Ya.K. Grot in 1885. The variation of root vowels in newspapers
found mainly in foreign words ceased long before the codification of these words in grammars
and dictionaries.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: use of the letter Ѣ

value: spelling and grammar of periodicals of the 18th–19th centuries

value: usage and codification

value: grammars of the 18th–19th centuries


dc.contributor.author

value: Slinina, Liudmila Ia.

value: Nifontova, Daria Ie.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Slinina L. Ia., Nifontova D. Ie. Gender-fair language as an object of amateur language criticism in German media. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 847–862.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with interpretation of gender problems in amateur criticism of the German
language. The goal of the study is to define specific features of gender-fair language forms, to
detect the arguments of the discussion members as well as their linguistic explanation, and to
consider the means of assessment used in discussion about gender-fair language. The materials
examined were taken from German online-media for the period 2017 to 2021. The main
research method is multifaceted discourse analysis which considers the trans-textual situation,
intra-textual features and positions of the actors. The study is based on the achievements
of feministic and gender linguistics. Examining gender-fair lexical units demonstrates their
heterogeneity in form (natural and man-made) and content (gender specific and gender neutral).
The arguments of the discussion members deal with important language problems, such
as the possibility of a conscious change of language forms, the influence of language changes
on the non-linguistic reality, understanding of grammar categories (gender of nouns), communicative
function of the language, and problems of practical usage of language forms: intelligibility,
reproducibility, compliance with mental and ethical norms. The analysis of evaluative
vocabulary and keywords demonstrates conventionality and the reserve of assessments
given by supporters of gender-fair language as well as the emotionality and figurativeness of
assessments provided by opponents. The study of gender problems in amateur language criticism
and their linguistic comprehension contributes to the development of modern scientific
language criticism.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: gender linguistics

value: German language

value: language criticism

value: discourse analysis

value: media linguistics

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Cui, Lili

dc.identifier.citation

value: Cui Lili. Functional-semantic characteristics of the discursive formula da net in Russian speech. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 863–874.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article attempts to analyze the functioning of the colloquial discursive formula da net in
everyday Russian speech, which is implemented as an independent indivisible sentence. The
discursive formula da net is an integral and frequent element of speech. The analysis was based
on transcripts of the corpus of Russian everyday speech “One Speaker’s Day”, which is one of
the most representative linguistic resources for the analysis of Russian oral discourse today.
The specific material for the analysis was the user subcorpus, which includes 126 corresponding
units in contexts. An appeal to lexicographic practice has shown that descriptions of da
net as a whole exist only in dictionary entries for the word net, but not for da. In this case,
dictionaries describe net in combination with the particle da (as well as the particles tak and
zhe) exclusively as an amplifying particle, which is used to amplify the opposition in complex
sentences that have a concessive character or the meaning of opposition. The analysis revealed
that da net in our speech realizes its meaning exclusively in context and in contrast to dictionary
data, more often expresses a softening rather than an intensification of negation. The data
obtained makes it possible to create the “lexicographic portrait” of this unit and can be useful
in various aspects, both theoretical (description of the use of the studied units in oral everyday
communication) and practical (teaching Russian language to a foreign audience, translation
practice, lexicographical practice).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: discursive formula

value: speech corpus

value: everyday speech

value: indivisible sentence


title: Approaching typographic variation

dc.contributor.author

value: Spitzmüller, Jürgen

dc.identifier.citation

value: Spitzmüller J. Approaching typographic variation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 910–928.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article introduces a linguistic approach to typography which is based on (interactional)
sociolinguistic and metapragmatic theories of communicative variation that is located in the
rather new sociolinguistic strand called the sociolinguistics of writing. Within the framework
clarified here, typography, and graphic design in general, is understood as a variable perceptible
resource which provides, by means of its reference-indeterminate variability, options for
the ascription and interactive contextual construal of social (or indexical) meaning. As will
be elaborated upon, the approach draws on the assumption that such social meaning is not
inherent to communicative forms, but the result of discursively shared (enregistered) and thus
unevenly distributed and hence contextually differing expectations, beliefs and assumptions
(graphic ideologies). The work introduces a range of basic notions that are needed for the linguistic
investigation in typography (typography, typographic scales, text design, multimodality),
sketches the scope of linguistic investigations into typographic design on the background
of different functions of typographic variation, locates the sociolinguistic approach vis-a-vis
other linguistic approaches to typography, introduces the basic notions on which a sociolinguistics
of typography is built (graphic variation, graphic knowledge, enregisterment, and
graphic ideologies) and finally exemplifies the approach by means of examples from Germanspeaking
discourse.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: typography

value: sociolinguistics

value: multimodality

value: metapragmatics

value: typographic variation

dc.title

value: Approaching typographic variation


dc.contributor.author

value: Radulović, Milica

dc.identifier.citation

value: Radulović M. Positive discourse analysis and latent euphemissation. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature. 2021, 18 (4): 893–909.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines some epistemic aspects of latent euphemisation in argumentative discourse.
The purpose of the work is to show that, by focusing on the notion of voice which links
talk and context, positive discourse analysis (PDA) can serve as a meta-orientation in analysing
alternative discourses. The theoretical framework for the analysis is the pragma-dialectical
approach to argumentation, which discusses methods and tools for improving discussion and
reconciling dissensual opinions. According to M. Gerber, some of the potential problems of
the pragma-dialectical approach are “ethical deficiencies”, “the risk of amorality” and limitations
regarding the method for evaluating arguments in accordance with goals, purposes and
consequences. This article argues that the pragma-dialectical approach to argumentation can
be implemented to identify latent euphemisation as fallacious reasoning. However, the evaluation
of language use as latently euphemistic, and consequently, fallacious, is an epistemic judgment
that needs to take into account discussants’ epistemic and epistemological boundaries
and commitments, including ethical considerations. As communication can lead to miscommunication
unless a common epistemological background is shared, latent euphemisation
can be seen as a result of inconsistent epistemological positions whose potential motives and
consequences need to be addressed.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work is a part of the project Modern
Trends in Researching English Linguistics and Anglophone Literature and Culture, conducted at the University
of Niš — Faculty of Philosophy (No. 183/1-16-1-01).

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Language and Literature;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: positive discourse analysis (PDA)

value: pragma-dialectical approach

value: latent euphemisation

value: ambiguity

value: unclearness

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Malyshev, A. A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Malyshev A. A. Reflections on the grammar of media speech in connection with the anniversary of T. V. Shmeleva. Media Linguistics, 8 (4), 318–321.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 4


dc.contributor.author

value: Kupriyanova, Asya I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kupriyanova A. I. (2021). Intonation-grammatic deviations in modern media speech. Media Linguistics, 8 (4), 438–460.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The author of this article studies the issue of intonation and speech deviation. The relevance
of addressing the problems of intonation norms is determined by the expansion of the public
demand for educational services in the field of speech technology. In particular, these services
are sought-after by those whose sphere of professional activity does not include ensuring media
functioning, yet they show a reasonable interest in forming their own information field by
speech means of self-presentation. The author believes that in these conditions, speech pedagogy
faces new tasks, both practical and theoretical: determining the attitude to the use of the
intonation-grammatical norm and its ontological status, as well as looking for effective ways
of teaching the mastery of this norm. In this regard, it seems fruitful to refer to the phenomenon
of media speech and the impact of this phenomenon on the formation, consolidation
and existence of speech norms, especially intonation norms. The author attempts to address
the problem of teaching correct intonation through the prism of her pedagogical experience
in teaching the course “Speech Techniques”. The starting point of the pedagogue’s work is to
determine, on the basis of the theoretical provisions of Russian grammar, the content of the
concepts of intonation norm and deviations from it, provide reference examples and explain
the reasons for certain distortions in media speech. The author analyzes ideas about the norm
in general and the speech norm, revealing the concepts of intonation-grammatical norm
and intonation-grammatical deviation. Based on the materials of media speech produced by
subjects of media activity with different levels of mastering speech competencies (which are
hereby understood as the sources of media speech), the author establishes the peculiarities of
intonation and grammatical design of speech within the subject groups, draws conclusions about the specifics of deviations from the norm, identifies types of deviations and provides
assumptions about possible reasons for such deviations. Among the reasons, the author lists
physiological reasons for the first time. The results of the study reveal new aspects in determining
the norms of modern media speech and they can be applied in the development of
individual educational routes in teaching speech techniques.

dc.subject

value: norm

value: mass media

value: deviation

value: intonation

value: grammar


dc.contributor.author

value: Suprun, Vasilii I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Suprun V. I. (2021). The evolution of terms in Russian journalism: From vedomosti to media. Media Linguistics, 8 (4), 391–405.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The author of this article considers some aspects of the functioning of terms denoting various
mass media, historical aspects of their origin and semantic transformation in the Russian
language, languages-sources of borrowing. The history of the terms gazeta, zhurnal, kuranty,
vedomosti, radio, kinozhurnal and televidenie, internet is considered in detail. The first Russian
periodical was “Vesti-Kuranty” or “Vestovye Pisma”, as it is conventionally referred to in
research, a handwritten newspaper published since 1600 (regularly — since 1621). Since the
beginning of the 18th century, printed “Vedomosti about Military and Other Matters Worthy
of Knowledge and Memory” have been published. Soon the word gazeta was borrowed from
the Italian language, which was first found in the papers of Peter I for 1707, but its spread in
the Russian language was probably influenced by Prince Boris Ivanovich Kurakin, who spoke
Italian well and used this term in his papers. The word gazeta was popular in many European
languages, it was regularly included in the gemeronyms. The word zhurnal was borrowed from
the French language to refer to time-based book publications. In the Russian language, the
lexemes almanac, vedomosti, bulletin, tabloid are also used to refer to periodicals, scientific
periodicals and non-periodical publications including words with a gemeronymic meaning:
uchyonie zapiski, trudy, chteniia, materialy, kommentarii, akty, memuary, etc. Radio and television
also joined the mass media system, and at the end of the 20th century, the Internet. The
existence of the terms SMI and media in modern usage is noted, the latter’s frequency of usage is actively increasing. There is a derivational explosion of almost limitless new formations
from this term. The term SMI also continues to exist in the Russian language, fitting into the
composition of abbreviations and having a transparent semantic content with the full use of
the abbreviation.

dc.subject

value: media

value: gemeronym

value: derivation

value: media linguistics


dc.contributor.author

value: Radbil’, Timur B.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Radbil’ T. B. (2021). “Pseudo-values” in modern Russian media discourse: The experience of logical analysis of implicit evaluativeness in the language of print media. Media Linguistics, 8 (4), 406–420.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The author of this article examines some specific language mechanisms for expressing a
special type of implicit evaluativeness in modern Russian media discourse. The author proceeds
from the assumption of the existence of so-called “pseudo-values” in the communicative
environment of society, which are understood as non-unconditional values. It is noted
that the diagnostic, representative context for identifying values of this type in the speech
practice of Russian native speakers is a statement that includes a meta-language commentary
“v khoroshem smysle (slova)” (“in a good sense (of the word)”). The goal of the study is to identify
the main models of language representation of so-called pseudo-values in modern Russian
media discourse. The main research methods are the method of logical analysis of implicit
information in language utterances and the method of contextual analysis of metalanguage
elements of the text. Based on the material of the Newspaper Corpus as part of the Russian
National Corpus, the work shows that values of the new Russian reality, declared as positive in the media, such as a career, competition, individualism, “the West”, fashion, etc., actually act
as pseudo-values that are not regarded by native speakers in usage as unconditionally positive
ones. This is confirmed by the very possibility of using these nominations in mass media discourse
with a clarifying meta-language indicator “v khoroshem smysle (slova)”. Special attention
is also paid to the use of this meta-language commentary as a conscious means of speech
influence and a language manipulation technique. It is concluded that the use of contexts
with the said reflexive in media discourse always has the character of an internal polemic: the
speaker diverges from the value stereotypes assigned to the depicted phenomena and concepts
in an objective language evaluation, in generally accepted nominations, and in the direction of
both increasing the evaluation register and lowering it.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research and FRLC, project number 20-
512-23003/21.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: pseudo-values

value: Russian media discourse

value: meta-language commentary

value: phrase v khoroshem smysle slova (in a good sense of the word)

value: linguistic axiology

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Mishlanov, Valerii A.

value: Krizhanovskaya, Elena M.

value: Kuznetsova, Yulia M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mishlanov V. A. , Krizhanovskaya E. M. , Kuznetsova Yu. M. (2021). Interpretation of the implicit modality: Semiotic markers of the speech intentions in the texts of online communication. Media Linguistics, 8 (4), 366–378.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The authors of this article present the results of the psycho-linguistic stage of studies which
aim to develop instruments for automated identification of online communication texts according
to a set dictum and modus parameters. The intentional, volitional, and emotional
content of the texts was analyzed which determines their genre and linguo-semiotic peculiarities.
As a result of an introspective analysis of the content of texts on the topic of a professional
crisis, a number of communicative-textual categories were identified that are significant from
the point of view of diagnosing the psychological state of the subject of speech. A description
is given of both segment markers of subjective meanings — predicates that directly reflect the
intentional-volitional state of the speaker and text fragments that, not being direct modus
indicators, with a high degree of probability refer in this context to a certain internal state of
the author text. The well-known discursive conventions are taken into account. Methodologically,
the authors are guided by the theoretical guidelines of the concept of stylistic-speech
consistency (M. N. Kozhina) and the model of relational-situational analysis developed within
the framework of the theory of artificial intelligence by G. S. Osipov. When analyzing the
modus-dictum content of texts, a scenario approach and methods of “internal and external
reconstruction” of subjective meanings were used, interpreted with reference to both segment
markers within the analyzed text unit (utterance), and their connections with such adjacent
(external) text fragments, which, in the context of a network discussion, refer to certain intentional-
volitional states of the subject of speech and are, in fact, their semantic anaphors. It is
shown that the content of texts on the subject of a professional crisis is characterized by a high
degree of emotiveness, the automatic “reading” of which is an important task of computer
linguistics and artificial intelligence.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-29-07163.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Media Linguistics;Volume 8; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: implicit mode

value: theme

value: text markers

value: professional crisis

value: automatic text analysis


dc.contributor.author

value: Cherkasova, Victoria A.

value: Baron, Artem A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Cherkasova V. A., Baron A. A. (2021) The impact of the ownership structure on the innovative activity of Russian companies. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 37, iss. 4, pp. 570–600.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Capital structure determines a company’s growth prospects by affecting its investment activity.
The article examines what type of capital, foreign or state-owned, stimulates a company’s
innovative activity as measured by its number of patent applications. The study was carried
out using data from 238 public Russian companies in the period 2012–2020. The results of
the study show that state and foreign investors influence innovation to different degrees: state
capital positively affects the number of patent applications filed, while foreign capital does not.
The impact of political connections and board structure on research and development was investigated.
The political ties of the CEOs and the board chairs are expressed by the experience
of working in the public service. The presence of such experience in the company’s management
increases the company’s innovation activity. However, political connections are effective
only in companies with state capital, or in specific industries. The company’s state capital and
political connections have a positive impact on the number of patent applications filed in the
energy and industrial sectors. The presence of political ties has a positive impact on the role
of foreign capital in innovation. The share of foreign directors has a positive effect on patents.
Also, the presence of patents from previous years, as well as the age and size of the company,
affects the receipt of patents in the future. The younger and larger the company, the more patent
applications there will be.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 37; Issue 4

value: R&D

value: innovations

value: patents

value: foreign investment

value: government ownership

value: political ties


dc.contributor.author

value: Xu, Lihong

value: Kazakova, Tamara A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Xu Lihong, Kazakova T. A. Signs of Cultural Significance in the Works of Mo Yan Translated into Russian. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2021, vol. 13, issue 4, pp. 464–483.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The authors of this article analyze Russian translations of non-translatable linguistic signs in
the works of Chinese writer Mo Yan, prize laureate of the Nobel Prize in 2012. In his works,
the writer amply uses culturally-bound words and phrases as well as folklore and tales meaningful
for Chinese material, social and spiritual culture. Some of them are cultural constants
traditionally associated with emotional, axiological and aesthetic values. Mo Yan’s style includes
common language, idioms, even swear words alongside vernacular parables and ditties.
As a whole, his style itself is the embodiment of Chinese common culture, which presents a
seemingly insoluble task for translators — how to translate the non-translatable, to recreate in
Russian not just the style but the culture itself. The authors explore both the translators’ solutions
and inevitable shifts and losses determined in the process of interaction between the two
very different languages and cultures. Particular attention is paid to translators’ solutions for
the symbolic functions of Chinese personal names. In addition, complications connected with
the transfer of Chinese everyday realia, customs and traditions that appear as important components
in the structure of images and contents of Mo Yan’s works are considered. An attempt
is made to reconstruct some important components of the intercultural area that emerges in
the course of translation from Chinese into Russian.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This work was carried out within the framework of the Heilongjiang University specific fund
for main research programs for 2020, supported by the government of Heilongjiang Province of PRC:
2020-KYYWF–0945 (Cultural semantics in Mo Yan’s works in Russian translation); the main research
programs for 2019, supported by the National Fund for social sciences of PRC: 19ZDA317 (Translation of
the dictionary of modern Chinese).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 13; Issue 4

value: non-translatability

value: lacuna

value: realia

value: intercultural area

value: translator’s solution

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Biktashev, Ainur A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Biktashev A. A. (2021) Regulation of broking activities based on assessment of its risks. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 37, iss. 4, pp. 546–569.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Risk-oriented regulation of brokers is considered in the article. Its implementation helps to
improve the quality of regulation and the development of the economy. Risk-based regulation
of brokers in theory and practice faces the problem of a lack of indicators and risk assessment
system. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to develop proposals for assessing the risks of
brokers in regulation. The theoretical substantiation of the study is the approaches of smart
and risk-oriented regulation. The method of comparative analysis, methods of description
and interpretation, statistical analysis were used. The article identifies risk factors and their
indicators based on the analysis of research, foreign and Russian regulatory experience. These
indicators are divided into dynamic and constant. The study verifies, using binary logistic regressions,
the actual impact of the developed indicators on the work of brokers. Thresholds are
defined for dynamic metrics. Exceeding the threshold value indicates an increase in the risks
of the broker’s activities. The paper establishes significant indicators and develops a broker risk
assessment model. The analysis revealed that some of the current standards do not affect the
risks of brokers. Indicators and methods for calculating brokers’ risks can be used by regulators,
and the methodology for their development can be applied in other areas.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 37; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: brokerage regulation

value: brokerage risks-management

value: risks-based regulation tools

value: proportional regulation

value: risks-based approach


dc.contributor.author

value: Karatueva, Elena N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Karatueva E. N. Problems of classification of environmental terrorism. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2021, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 387–407.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Terrorism in all its manifestations is one of the most dangerous illegal phenomena. Despite numerous
studies in the field of terrorist crimes, there is no single international definition of terrorism
in general and environmental terrorism in particular. Various criteria are used to define “environmental
terrorism”, and so it is not yet possible to create a single and comprehensive definition.
Currently, there are two main interpretations of this concept. Within the framework of the first,
environmentalist organizations fighting for animal rights and against pollution of ecosystems by
using violent methods of a criminal nature are classified as ecoterrorist. In the second case, the
concept of environmental terrorism is interpreted more broadly and includes acts of intentional
harm to the environment in order to achieve certain political and other goals. Moreover, according
to the second interpretation, the definition of terrorism, the purpose of which is to damage the
environment, is also ambiguous in different countries. This article is explores existing definitions
of environmental terrorism and possible criteria for its scholarly classification. The paper presents
the author’s classification of types of environmental terrorism. The generalized material of international
and domestic studies in the field of radical environmental impact allows us to creating a
general and acceptable classification of environmental terrorism for various scientific fields, which
will allow us to fully qualify environmental terrorist acts in the future and to develop a common
strategy for countering radical environmental impacts.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 17; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: terrorism

value: ecoterrorism

value: ecological terrorism

value: ecodiversion

value: ecocide

value: ecotage


dc.contributor.author

value: Barinov, Dmitriy A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Barinov D. A. Left Opposition at Leningrad State University. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2021, vol. 66, issue 4, рp. 1117–1131.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The history of the left opposition in the CPSU(b) is mainly represented in historiography by
works devoted to the internal party struggle in the highest echelons of power (Politburo, Central
Committee, etc.). However, a characteristic feature of the political clashes of the 1920s is
the involvement of the broad party masses in the conflict, who tried to present their own point
of view on the prospects of the development of the socialist revolution. Therefore, one of the
most promising directions in the study of the political history of this period is the exploration
of the peculiarities of confrontation at the grassroots level, i. e. in certain regions or in spheres
of social, cultural and economic life. The purpose of this article is to reconstruct the struggle of
the left opposition at Leningrad University, one of the largest scientific centers in the country.
The author determines the number of oppositionists, their leaders among university teachers,
as well as the main strategies of struggle. Special attention is paid to the further destinies of
oppositionists. One of the main observations of the article is that the tactics of suppressing
opposition at the university largely coincided with that used in the central apparatus of the
country. The author has established that students played an important role in the activities
of the opposition. They were responsible for distributing opposition literature, collecting signatures
for the political platform, etc. Propaganda activities were revived in the form of prerevolutionary
circles organized at the university and at industrial enterprises in order to agitate
among students and workers.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project “Student organizations
of the Petrograd / Leningrad University in 1910–1920s” (No. 19-39-60005).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 66; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: the left opposition

value: Trotsky

value: Zinoviev

value: Leningrad State University

value: students

value: high school

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Khachaturova, Stella I.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khachaturova S. I. Political preferences of leaders at the municipal level of government (the case of the Moscow Central administrative district). Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2021, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 420–436.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This study analyzes the personal characteristics of municipal leaders in the context of upcoming
elections in 2022. The empirical basis of the study was in-depth interviews with heads of municipal
districts and a survey of 203 municipal deputies of the Central Administrative District of Moscow
regarding their political expectations during the election campaign in 2021. The author proceeds
from the understanding of municipal leadership as a political phenomenon. The theoretical basis
for this interpretation is modern concepts of political leadership, which pay special attention to
personal characteristics of leaders and the concept of local self-government. The result of the
study was, first, a conceptual and methodological model for analyzing the personality of leaders
at the municipal level of power, within which the key is to determine the main characteristics of
representatives of this professional community and their personal characteristics. In addition, the
process of collecting empirical data developed guides for in-depth interviews that have universality
and applicability beyond Moscow. Data allowed us to propose a classification of municipal
deputies according to their political preferences, developed using the methods of distant and
contact diagnostics of the personality of municipal leaders.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with financial support from the Faculty of Political Science of the
Lomonosov Moscow State University in the framework of the scientific project “Personal characteristics
of leaders of the municipal level of power (based on the materials of the Central Administrative District
of Moscow”).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Political Expertise: POLITEX;Volume 17; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: political leadership

value: municipal leadership

value: political preferences

value: municipal deputy


dc.contributor.author

value: Rogach, Nikolay N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Rogach N. N. Russian citizens’ perception of ideal politicians: Comparative analysis of the images. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2021, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 408–419.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the results of a study of the images of ideal political leaders playing different
roles, carried out by the Departmetn of Sociology and Political Psychology, Faculty of Politics,
Moscow State University, in 2019–2021. In the theoretical section, the author examines the representations of the ideal political leader in the context of the theory of political perception. In the
empirical section, the author describes images of the ideal president, governor, and deputy of
the State Duma. A comparative analysis of three types of images is carried out according to the
degree of expression of personal and professional qualities, as well as their content. The images
of ideal politicians have unique role characteristics as well as a set of universal qualities. Russians
are primarily concerned about personal qualities of politicians, among which moral characteristics
take first place and psychological qualities take second place. Respondents expect politicians to
be professionals. People are interested least of all in leaders’ appearances. The main source of
images of ideal politicians’ are traditions of Russian political culture and the situational context of
political perception. Ideal images are influenced by perceptions of real politicians. Results can be
used for advising electoral campaigns.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: political perception

value: mass consequences

value: political culture

value: image of an Ideal Politician

value: an Ideal President

value: an Ideal Governor

value: an Ideal Deputy of the State Duma


dc.contributor.author

value: Bajpai, Arunoday

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bajpai A. Digital tension: A comparison between democracies and authoritarian regimes. Political Expertise: POLITEX, 2021, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 330–340.

dc.description.abstract

value:
There is no looking back from the ever-increasing digitalization of political processes and administration.
This is a global phenomenon, but it has different impacts in democratic and authoritarian
regimes. This theoretical paper seeks to explain this difference using the concept of
digital tension. Digital tension refers to incompatibility among the different components of digital
technology, which gives rise to incongruence and even conflict between different outcomes of
use of digital technology to political processes. Digital technology promotes openness, transparency,
and decentralized use, but it also facilitates centralization of monitoring and control.
The outcomes of openness, decentralization, and transparency in actual practice go against the
centralizing tendencies inherent in the same technology. In political discourse we say that digital
technology empowers ordinary citizens, but we can also assert that it equally empowers rulers
in a political regime. However, the interests of the rulers and the ruled are not the same even in
democratic regimes. Since governing authorities are more resourceful, they are likely to use digital
technology to enhance their power. This tendency is found in both democratic and authoritarian
regimes. In democratic regimes, the ruling regime may use digital technology not only to centralized
monitoring and control, but also for greater surveillance of opponents and critics. However,
digital tension is well managed in authoritarian regimes, and hence the empowerment of rulers
through digital technology is more pronounced. Thus, digital technology for centralized monitoring,
supervision, and control is a boon for authoritarian regimes. This paper is divided onto four
parts: Part one deals with theoretical issues related to digital technology and digital tension, Part
two analyzes the role of digital technology in democratic regimes, Part three explains the use of
this technology in authoritarian regimes, and Part four compares democratic and authoritarian
regimes with respect to the use of digital technology and lists conclusions of this study.

dc.language.iso

value: en

value: digital tensions

value: democratic regimes

value: authoritarian regimes

value: centralization of control

value: digital tension management

value: ruler empowerment

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Pyatov, Mihail L.

value: Kovalev, Vitaly V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pyatov M. L., Kovalev Vit. V. (2021) The contribution of V. V. Kovalev in the development of theory and practice of accounting, financial management and statistics in Russia. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 37, iss. 4, pp. 601–627.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article describes the main stages of the creative path of the professor of St. Petersburg State
University Valery Viktorovich Kovalev (1948–2020), who made a significant contribution to
the revival in the 1990s of the Russian school of balance sheet science and financial analysis,
considering the balance sheet as the most optimal financial model of a company. The features
of the traditional Soviet school of analysis of the economic activity of enterprises, formed
by the beginning of perestroika in the USSR and, to a certain extent, unable to satisfy the
information needs of interested persons in the new economic conditions, are characterized.
Demonstrates and reveals the range of methodological tasks posed to accountants — theorists
by new conditions of management during the formation and further development of the
post-Soviet economy in Russia. The content of the basis proposed by V. V. Kovalev methods of
analysis of accounting (financial) statements of a legally independent business entity in modern
conditions of a market economy as a synthesis of the developments of domestic balance
sheets of the early 20th century and the conceptual foundations of the Anglo-American school
of corporate finance at the end of the 20th century. The article characterizes the connection between
the content of Professor Kovalev’s works and the provisions of the works of the famous
Russian theorist in the field of accounting A. P. Rudanovsky (1863–1931). The development
of the works of V. V. Kovalev from a set of indicators for the dynamic analysis of accounting
(financial) statements to a new national school of financial management, which for the first
time combined the concepts of continental European and Anglo-American accounting traditions
and practices. The educational activities of V. V. Kovalev in the 1990s, the content of his
works in the field of the history of financial science in Russia, including those created at the
St. Petersburg State University, is revealed.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 37; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: accounting

value: analysis

value: balance science

value: science

value: theory

value: development

value: knowledge

value: finance

value: management


dc.contributor.author

value: Fedyunina, Elena N.

value: Oganesyan, Liliya O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Fedyunina E. N., Oganesyan L. O. (2021) The concept of minimization of transaction costs of functioning of the dual market of agricultural lands. St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 37, iss. 4, pp. 628–655.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article provides the concept of minimizing transaction expenses for farmland market
functioning, based on principles for minimizing transaction expenses on the property rights
market developed by R. Coase, O. Williamson, D. North, J. Hodgson, E. Furubotn, original
provisions on the dual structure of Russian agricultural land market with full and limited
property rights transactions. The comparative institutional analysis of the dual market, transactors
of various property types and transaction expense types demonstrates that three stages
of full and limited property rights market transaction are characterized by high permanent
transaction expenses related to providing data on property rights transaction, negotiations,
preparing and signing contracts, as well as formal regulations. Due to high rates of transaction
formalization, the full property rights market demonstrates higher expenses than the
limited rights market, where expenses for long-term contractual relations are caused mainly
by subjective factors and informal restrictions. The amount of expenses is unevenly distributed
between transactors depending on land ownership type and form: expenses for state
and municipal lands transaction, as well as for shared land ownership, are higher compared
to transaction of private property rights. Some high transaction expenses are permanent and establish property rights specification and value, possible to be minimized only with time by
amending legal standards and regulations in order to improve market transaction terms. Other
expenses are established independently by transactors during the market exchange and can
be minimized through indirect regulators changing behavioral aspects of market participants
and direct regulators aimed at developing institutional and infrastructural market elements to
enhance more effective usage of land resources and improve adaptive efficiency and flexibility
of farmland market.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 20-110-
50280.

dc.subject

value: transaction costs

value: transaction of property rights

value: transactor

value: dual agricultural land market

value: formal institutions

value: informal institutions

value: fixed costs

value: regulated costs

value: forms of ownership

value: minimization of transaction costs

dc.title

value: Article