dc.contributor.author

value: Pavlova, Lyudmila P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Pavlova L. P. Archmandrite Sophrony Sakharov’s Anthropology and Theology of Light. Issues of Theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 501–517.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In this article we analyze some aspects of the teachings of the prominent hesychast
and theologian, disciple of St. Siluan of Athos,’ archimandrite Sophrony (Sakharov)
in regards to the human personality and the perception of the human hypostasis
in the Uncreated Light. Fr. Sophrony’s personalistic theology is based on the Sinai
Revelation ‘I AM THAT I AM’ (Exodus 3:14), which indicates that personality is
a universal, full-scale principle of the actualization of the image of God in man.
Considering the human person as the image and likeness of the Hypostatic God, the
elder Sophrony endows him with a dynamic component that can take both a positive
and a negative direction. He is sure that man’s existential development should
strive for the infinite completeness of deification — the maximal actualization of the
personal principle in unity with God via hypostasization of the Creator’s uncreated
energies. The human person is seen by Fr. Sophrony as having ‘two natures’ through
perichoresis of the Divine and human natures. The dynamic quality of personal being
is intertwined with its other characteristics — unity with other persons and apophaticity.
In addition, the theologian, emphasizing the existence of the irreducible
ontological distance between God and man, puts a bold sign of equality between
God and man in terms of the mode of being as a result of assimilation of uncreated
energies by the latter one.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 1; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Archimandrite Sophrony

value: anthropology

value: hypostasis

value: uncreated light

value: energies

value: deification

value: personality dynamics

value: perichoresis

value: personality traits


dc.contributor.author

value: Krylov, German L.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krylov G. L. The Holy Spirit as seen through the prism of Islam. Issues of Theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 576–590.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The phrase “the Holy Spirit” or “the Spirit of the Holy” is mentioned four times
in the Quran. The first three cases associate it with Issa the Son of Maryam (Jesus
Christ). As the Quran says, Allah strengthened Issa by the Spirit of the Holy. In
the fourth case, the Holy Spirit is seen immediately related to the process of divine
revelation. The Quranic text, taken separately from the commentaries (tafāsīr), does
not provide any specific indications of how “the Spirit of the Holy” should be understood.
The Tafsīr of aṭ-Ṭabarī, which is the closest to the time of the Quran, gives
three versions of its meaning: the angel Jibril, the Gospel (al-Injīl) and the word by
which Issa raised the dead. Later on, the first version became dominant in the Sunni
tradition. The Shias ignored the Quranic association of the Holy Spirit with Issa
and proclaimed it the highest of the created spirits, even superior than the angels
Jibril and Mikail. This spirit at first settled itself into Muhammad, removed after
his death into Imam Ali, and then consecutively lived in all Infallible Imams until
finally being settled in Imam al-Mahdi, concealed by Allah from the humankind.
The Spirit of the Holy, according to Shias, granted Imams with the full knowledge of
everything. The erroneous Quranic conception of the Trinity as “the father, the son
and the spouse” took the notion of the Holy Spirit out of the Christian context of
the Holy Trinity. Meanwhile, the obvious association of the Holy Spirit with Christ
in the Quran serves as evidence of the Christian origin of this notion, hung in the
air in Sunni Islam and surprisingly developed into something principally new in the
Shia mystic doctrine of Imamate.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: Islam

value: Christianity

value: Quran

value: exegesis

dc.type

value: Article

format: Adobe PDF


dc.contributor.author

value: Shiraev, Eric

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shiraev E. “We had it coming”: The 2016 Russiagate and its aftermath revisited. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2019, vol. 12, issue 4, pp. 465–476.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper examines the reactions to a complex case involving a series of developments labeled
in the United States as Russia’s meddling in the 2016 American elections. The paper addresses
major developments or political fallouts of Russiagate. First, some politicians, mostly
in Russia but only few in the West, insisted that there has been no meddling or interference.
Second, to other commentators, especially in the West, the meddling with US elections indeed
took place. Yet to others, and this is the third development, the problem was not necessarily
about the act of the 2016 meddling, but rather about the following “collusion” between Donald
Trump and some Moscow’s operatives, on the other, and their attempts to “cover up” their
mutual illegal affairs. In the context of these policy narratives, this paper’s conclusion refers
to the “We had it coming” phenomenon in international relations. The Russiagate became a
subject conveniently fitted in the political narratives of both national capitals. In Moscow the
belief has been that this case had been totally fabricated and fueled by anti-Russian sentiments
in Washington. In the United States, there is little doubt that Russia has meddled with the
elections and would do it again. Both sides used the case to advance their strategic domestic
foreign policy narratives.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 12; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Russian-American relations

value: US foreign policy

value: Russiagate


dc.contributor.author

value: Kotov, Aleksandr E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kotov A. E. 2019. “In the strong hands of the government”: Letters from I. P. Kornilov and A. D. Stolypin about the transformation of the Vilno Museum of Antiquities. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2). 263–282.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Published letters and notes of the heads of the “Commission for reviewing and informing and
proper order of objects in the Vilno Museum of Antiquities” by I. P. Kornilov and A. D. Stolypin
to M. N. Muravyov, as well as copies of official notes attached to them by Kornilov to
K. P. Kaufman (LVIA, fund 439, unit 69) are a valuable source on the history of the imperial
memory policy in the western outskirts of Russia. The exposition of the museum, created in
1855 by Count E. P. Tyshkevich, reflected the understanding of local history of the Polonized
Vilna intelligentsia, and up to a certain point did not contradict the ideas of the central Russian
authorities. In the foreground there were monuments of Polish history and culture presented,
evidence of the presence of the “Russian element” was practically absent. Following the
Polish uprising of 1863, a public upswing brought leaders of the “old Russian party” to Vilna,
whose views contained nationalistic elements intertwined with democratic. M. N. Muravyov
invited a typical representative of this “Russian direction” to the post of trustee of the Vilno
educational district- I. P. Kornilov. Under his leadership, a specially created commission proceeded
to “transform” the exposition. This task was greatly facilitated by the organizational
and scientific deficiency of the previous administration of the museum. However, Kornilov
and A. D. Stolypin, who replaced him in the position of Commission Chairman, considered
their main goal to be the restoration of the “Russian principles” violated by the “Polish rule.”
As one of the ways to achieve this goal, they saw the removal of the most “demonstrative”
Polish exhibits, some of which were supposed to be returned after the exposition loses its
“national exclusiveness.”

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
This research was supported by the grant No. 19-18-00073 “National Identity in the Imperial Politics
of Memory: History of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish-Lithuanian State in Historiography
and Social Thought of the 19th–20th Centuries” of the Russian Science Foundation.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 10; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Lithuania

value: Belarus

value: conservatism

value: nationalism

value: politics of memory

value: Vilno Museum of Antiquities

value: Muraviev

value: Stolypin

value: Kornilov


dc.contributor.author

value: Vorozhikhina, Ksenia V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vorozhikhina K. V. The relations of the church and the state in the Russian public polemic in the 1870–1890s. Issues of Theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 518–531.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines different points of view on the relations between the Church
and the state, expressed by thinkers, publicists and public figures of the second
half of the 19th century. Slavophiles (A. A. Kireev) believed that during the reign of
Emperor Alexander III, the Slavophile idea must win and become state ideology.
The existing system of control over the church provoked a polemic concerning the
role of the church in the life of the state and society. Bureaucratic nationalists —
K. P. Pobedonostsev and M. N. Katkov — adhered to the position of “cesaropapism,”
believing that the Church should serve the state in order to increase its power. The
“papocesarists” (K. N. Leontiev, T. I. Filippov, and V. S. Solovyov), believed that the
goals of the Church cannot be limited by national interests and concern ultimately spiritual rather than political tasks (in Soloviev’s opinion, the church and political
spheres merge into theocracy). Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky) is the voice
of the Byzantine Orthodox tradition, according to which absolute and sacred monarchical
power harmoniously co-exists with the Church, headed by a patriarch, as
two natures in Christ.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 1; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: symphony of authorities

value: state church

value: theocracy

value: nationality

value: slavophilism

value: Russian idea

dc.title

value: Article


title: The many facets of the Russian probe

dc.contributor.author

value: Yarygin, Grigory O.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Yarygin G. O. The many facets of the Russian probe. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2019, vol. 12, issue 4, pp. 450–464.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article presents an analysis of the Russian probe of 2016–2019. The author defines the
Russian probe as a complex of investigations originated at different chronological stages by
various institutions and communities with regard to Russian meddling in US domestic processes.
Distinctive facets of the Russian probe and the varied nature of claims and allegations
are reviewed. The author, constituting a two dimensional binary matrix, offers a classification
of Russian inquiries based on the chronological characteristics and essence of the case as well
as chronology of initiation and institution in charge. The author puts forward and supports a
hypothesis stating that the Russian probe is an independent variable of the US political agenda
and should not be considered as a byproduct of internal political struggle. The mere personality
of the new president, political elite’s rejection of Donald Trump, his Russian contacts,
and potential predisposition to Russia does not necessarily stipulate initiation of the Russian
probe. The author raises and responds to a set of research questions which include but are not
limited to: a) does the Russian probe have an electoral dimension only? b) does it have a pure
anti-Trump nature? c) was the Russian probe launched following the US presidential election
and ignited by the elections? d) does it have a homogenous institutional architecture? Which
means of investigations were initiated and conducted by the same institution or did they have
a multi-institutional origin? e) if outcomes of varied investigations do not concur, do they
have anything in common? And finally, f) will the Russian probe eliminate all risks and threats
of the nature under consideration to the USA? The author comes to a conclusion about the
inevitability of the Russian probe no matter which candidate would have won the presidency
in 2016 and confirms the inability of investigation results to cope with risks of compromising
domestic processes.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 12; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Russia

value: USA

value: Russian investigations

value: meddling

value: elections

value: energy

value: environment

value: The many facets of the Russian probe


title: Editorial

dc.identifier.citation

value: Editorial. Issues of Theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 460–461.

dc.description.abstract

value: Editorial

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 1; Issue 4


dc.contributor.author

value: Sychenkova, Lydia A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sychenkova L. A. European cultural event: Exhibitions of old Russian art in Germany in 1926 and 1929. The Issies of Museology, 10 (2), 172–186.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the history of exhibitions of old Russian art in 1926–1929 in Germany.
Rethinking the history of the triumphal success of exhibitions is based on the analysis of
publications and letters of participants and organizers of exhibitions. Reinterpretation of the
memoirs and epistolary legacy of Fyodor Schmit and Igor Grabar reveals the non-obvious
subtexts of large-scale cultural projects of the 1920s. The article shows the contribution Of
F. I. Schmidt and the State Institute of Art History headed by him in the organization of the
first exhibition in 1926 in Germany. The article considers the attitude of the Russian German
F. Schmit to German science and culture. The author is inclined to the version that the exhibition
was a tragic frontier, both in the biography of the scientist and the institute’s fate. According
to the author, between the exhibitions of 1926 and 1929 there is a genetic relationship,
both on the subject and on the composition of the participants. The history of the exhibition
of Russian icons in 1929 in the interpretation Of I. E. Grabar does not reveal a definitive image
of the scientist: not only a talented art historian, organizer of the restoration business, but also
a functionary who managed to fit into the system. For Soviet Museum workers, exhibitions of
old Russian art in 1926 and 1929 in Germany were the first steps to gain experience in Museum
marketing abroad. The author comes to the conclusion that the exhibition, despite the
commercial component, performed an important scientific and educational mission. For the
first time, on this scale, a panorama of the centuries-old development of Russian art abroad
was presented. The author proposes the need to involve a wide range of sources from the German
side to study a new aspect of the topic.

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 10; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: exhibitions of ancient art 1926–1929 years

value: F. Schmitt

value: I. Grabar

value: the technique of copying

value: experience of museum marketing

value: Museum world of Russia and Germany

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Eremeev, Ivan Igorevich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Eremeev I. I. The planigraphy and chronology of the most ancient stages of the life of Rurikov hillfort according to research materials 2013–2016. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2019, vol. 2 (26), pp. 67–92.

dc.description.abstract

value:
One of the outstanding discoveries made by E. N. Nosov at the Rurik hillfort (“gorodische”) near
Novgorod is the discovery fortifications of the Rurik era. The archeologists studied them in 1989–2010. The
article is devoted to the results of the next stage of the study of fortifications — excavations of 2013–2016.
The place of excavations was situated in the northern, most ancient, part of the Rurik hillfort near the Cathedral
of the Annunciation. It consists of the cultural layer of the settlement of the 7th (?) – early 10th century,
reflecting the complex history of the archaeological microregion at the source of Volkhov. The author identifies
six cultural-chronological stages in the settlement, covering the period from the era of the early metal to
the beginning of the 10th century. Undoubtedly, the proposed scheme will become more complicated in the
future, primarily due to the expansion of information about antiquities of the second half of the 1000 BC. e. – the
first half of 1000 AD. During the excavation, the northern face of the fortifications of the second half of the
9th century overlooking Volkhov was found. The dirhams and the crest of the Scandinavian type found in
the strike indicates to the early Viking era. The main result of the excavations was the discovery under these
tree-earth fortifications of traces of earlier fortifications, allegedly dating from the 8th – first half of the 9th
century, and associated with the small Slavic town of the hill type. The early fortifications, traced over 6 m and
to a height of about 4 m, were a system of low scarp. On the terrace of one of them was situeted the pillar
construction deepened into the ground. These fortifications were plowed up in the 8th - first half of the 9th
century. It indicated that the toponym “Gorodishche” existed in the source of Volkhov already in this period.
The new material adds new aspects to the discussion about the beginning of the Slavic colonization of banks
of Ilmen’ Lake and the origin of Novgorod. A long-standing debate about the relationship between the place
names “Gorodishche”, Novgorod, “Hólmgarđr” etc. receives new materials.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The research was support by Russian Academy of Sciences, project Nr. 0184-2019-0007 «Slavs, Finns and
Germans in the Middle Ages. Ethnocultural diversity and the general patterns of historical development».

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (26)

dc.subject

value: region of Ilmen’ lake

value: Slavic colonization

value: prehistory of Novgorod

value: Early Middle Ages

value: ancient settlements


dc.contributor.author

value: Popkov, Roman A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Popkov R. A. Echoes of the Shema in the Epistle of James. Issues of Theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 484–500.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article examines the echoing of Shema (Deut 6:4–5) as well as its allusions in the
Epistle of James. James utilizes the fundamental tenets of Israel’s faith for his admonition.
In Jewish thought, the Shema is the supreme affirmation of the unity of God
and its recitation may be regarded as the acceptance of the yoke of the Kingdom
of Heaven. In addition, it serves as a tangible boundary marker between Jews and
pagans. Allusions to the Shema are replete in his opening section (1:2–27), which
apprises the reader of what is to come in the body of the letter. As the Shema itself
is an appeal to the love of God, the words about “love him” (1:12; 2:5) can be referring
to the the Shema. Behind the language of 1:17 may be present the benedictions
preceding the recitation of the Shema. Therefore, James stands on the solid ground
of liturgical tradition. Condemnation of double-mindedness (1:8; 4:8) refers the
reader to the commandment to love God with all one’s heart and soul. All of this is
a clue to the text (2:14–16), where Shema is mentioned clearly (2:19). James insists
that one should not be confined to the correct proclamation of faith only — it must
be followed by correct behavior. It can be polemics with either the misunderstood
views of Paul, or with the irresponsible confidence in a special relationship with
God. Shema is used in the verbal ethics context to remind one about a God who
provides the law and who judges (4:12). However, the idea of God as Judge is christologically
reinterpreted by James — the function of a Judge is delegated to the Lord
Jesus Christ (5:9). Therefore, the traditional Jewish wisdom is considered by James
in the light of the message of Jesus himself as well as through the lens of the teaching
about Him.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 1; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Biblical studies

value: New Testament

value: Epistle of James

value: Shema

value: benediction

value: faith

value: works

value: Law


dc.contributor.author

value: Kaneva, Maria A.

value: Gerry, Christopher J.

value: Baidin, Valerii M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kaneva M. A., Gerry C. J., Baidin V. M. 2019. Age differences in self-assessed health in Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 18 (4): 563-587.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Empirical literature demonstrates the existence of age differences in self-assessed health (SAH),
which are manifested in an increase in SAH for the elderly or as a slowdown in the decline in
SAH and health-related quality of life indicators. The paper studies phenomenon of age differences
in SAH through description, analysis and econometric modeling of the influence of psychological,
socio-economic characteristics and health-related determinants of health on SAH
and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for different ages. Based on RLMS survey, the average
probabilities of SAH were studied in the generalized order probit model with random effects,
considering an objective disease index as a proxy for true health. We observe increase in the average probability of choosing bad SAH category for men (90–94 years) and women (95–104
years) and a simultaneous increase in the average probability of choosing good SAH. In old and
old-old ages SAH is polarized: respondents tend to rate their health as either bad or good avoiding
in their assessment an average category. The age differences in SAH indicates that individuals
tend to adapt to lower objective true health, linking health in old and old-old ages not only with
presence or absence of chronic illnesses, but also with psychological factors such as optimism and
positive attitude towards life. This is important for understanding the concept of aging in health
economics and for introducing HTA in health care. HTA uses indicators of self-assessed health
and HRQoL when deciding on different ways of treatment. Due to the innovative approach, this
study is of a great value to health economics research.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work was carried out within a Research plan for 2018 of the Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy,
project “Age differences in self-assessed health”.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: self-assessed health

value: age differences

value: elderly age

value: econometrics

value: RLMS

value: Russia

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Repina, Lorina Petrovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Repina L. P. «A sign accessible to our senses», or Historians in Search of Epistemological Arguments. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2019, vol. 2 (26), pp. 3–14.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the 1990s it was taken for granted to consider the so-called linguistic turn, the battles of
«postmodernists» and «realists» around nature, status and the basic concepts of historiography as the Present.
Today, this stormy polemic, which has found expression in a variety of discursive forms, would be interesting
to consider as the Past from the point of view of the History of historical science, or rather, the history of
discussions around its basic problems. And in such a historical perspective there are significant advantages.
The strategy for the historical discussion of the subject field was fully implemented in the well-known works
of O. G. Oexle. Based on what has already been achieved in this direction, the author of the article draws
attention to another possibility of analyzing the same polemic material — through the prism of the interactive
process of constructing new versions, which in modern historiography have received the meaningless
name of «moderate» or «compromise». The article assesses the work done by leading historians of this
direction in rethinking the key problems of historical knowledge, including the question of the conditions
and boundaries of historical knowledge in relation to the question of the conditions and limits of scientific
knowledge in general. The author considers the most significant in discussions of objectivity and historical
truth not a traditional appeal to how historians think, but a more pragmatic approach aimed at what historians
do, not only receiving positive results, but also making and overcoming mistakes. The role of methodological
rules and norms of professional activity of the historian is emphasized. Having considered a number of
detailed constructive proposals, sustained in the spirit of neoclassical or post-non-classical rationality, the
author comes to the conclusion that they are promising from the point of view of advancing the theory and
method of «historical science of culture».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (26)

dc.subject

value: historical epistemology

value: history of historiography

value: relativism

value: professional norms

value: historical science of culture


dc.contributor.author

value: Krasikov, Aleksey N.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krasikov A. N. State and church regulation of theological education in Russia in the first quarter of the 18th century. Issues of Theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 532–540.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article attempts to analyze the state’s and church’s legal regulation of the establishment
of spiritual education in Russia. The article considers normative acts
and records which determined the policy of the Sacred Governing Synod in the
development of a system of spiritual education in Russia in the first quarter of the
18th century. At this time, the task of creating a system of theological education was
on the agenda. In contrast to Western Europe, in Russia before the beginning of
Modernity such a system did not exist, and the acute need for its creation was due to
the requirements of an extensive network of church parishes. Therefore, the system of spiritual education had to be built “from scratch” with a sufficiently high inertness
of the spiritual caste. The article illustrates that the main purpose of the synodic
policy was the realization of the will of the highest secular authority to create a
system of spiritual education, primarily, of elementary mathematical and episcopal
schools. This practical task implied the implementation of the norms of the “Spiritual
Regulations,” but it was complicated by the scale and speed of Peter the Great’s
reforms, as well as by a number of purely bureaucratic obstacles. Nevertheless, the
basic principles of spiritual education were gradually established in Russia, such as
principles of cast limitation, continuity, and obligatory character for the adoption of
the sacred ministry. The set of schools created during this period became the basis
for further progressive development of spiritual education in Russia.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 1; Issue 4

value: Cypher schools

value: bishoply schools

value: Holy Synod of Government

value: theological education

value: basic principles of spiritual education


dc.contributor.author

value: Mikhaylova, Elena Robertovna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Mikhaylova E. R. Two local types of early medieval ornaments, or On the value of inconspicuous finds. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2019, vol. 2 (26), pp. 101–108.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article is devoted to the informativeness of some archaeological finds, which are usually
not included in typological schemes due to their external inexpressiveness. Two types of metal artifacts
found in a high barrow near the village of Repyi in the Leningrad Region are analyzed – lamellar pentagonal
clips and staples from a narrow plate or wire. Each type dates from the Viking Age and is associated with
a specific group of antiquities, which can be localized on a geographical map. Pentagonal clips for hanging
trapezoidal pendants are localized in the basin of the river Plyussa, and one more find is associated with hill
fort at Izborsk. Wire “staples” are presented on the sites intent on the Baltic-Finnish world: in the stone burial
site Severik, the promontory fort of Vtyrka on the Izhora plateau, the Carelian burial ground of Kylälahti
Kalmistomäki. Therefore, seemingly featureless finds have significant informational potential, they allow to
learn about the chronology and cultural ties of specific archaeological sites as surely as glass beads or metal
buckles and bracelets.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The work has been conducted in the framework of the scientific theme “Socio-demographic and cultural
processes in the North-West of Russia in the Early Middle Ages (according to archeology)” (code of the
project at SPSU IAS_10.52.2004.2004).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: Pskov long barrows culture

value: medieval Russian culture

value: the Viking age

value: cultural ties

value: chronology

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Turygina, Natalia Valerievna

dc.identifier.citation

value: Turygina N. V. First International Petersburg Historical Forum. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2019, vol. 2 (26), pp. 244–248.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article highlights issues related to the problems of studying the history of Eastern Europe, the
definition of Slavic identity and the construction of national Slavic historical memory, which were discussed
by domestic and foreign researchers in the framework of the First international St. Petersburg historical
forum (October 29–November 3, 2019).

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (26)

dc.subject

value: Slavic identity

value: History of Eastern Europe

value: Slavic studies

value: the Balkans

value: Petersburg historical forum


dc.contributor.author

value: Zazdravnykh, Evguenii A.

value: Kupera, Alexandra V.

value: Grishchenko, Tatiana Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Zazdravnykh E. A., Kupera A. V., Grishchenko T. Yu. 2019. Is it profitable to work as an entrepreneur? Evaluation of differences in the incomes of Russian entrepreneurs and employees. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 18 (4): 588–613.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper, based on the data of sample observation of population incomes and participation in
social programs for the period from 2014 to 2018 prepared by the Federal State Statistics Service,
evaluates the differences in the incomes of employees and entrepreneurs, the latter fall into ownaccount
workers and employers. In this study the methods of ordinary least squares and quantile
regression are employed. The results show that in Russia entrepreneurs’ median and average
earnings are higher than employees’ ones. The highest positive differences are in the incomes of
employers who earn more than own-account workers and employees respectively. Also, entrepreneurs
earn more than employees during the period of economic growth as well as recession.
It indicates that the positive income difference between entrepreneurs and employees is kept during
economic slowdowns. Th is finding distinguishes Russia from the countries with high income
per capita and a larger contribution of small and medium-sized businesses to the gross domestic
product, such as the USA, Great Britain, Germany, Finland, where entrepreneurs often earn less
than employees. Thus, the monetary reward might be a primary reason for persons to opt for
entrepreneurship in Russia than in high-income economies.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: entrepreneurship

value: self-employed

value: own-account workers

value: employers

value: employees

value: income

value: income differences

value: Russia


dc.contributor.author

value: Muravsakaia, Snezhana A.

value: Smirnova, Maria M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Muravsakaia S. A., Smirnova M. M. 2019. Gamification: Main approaches to definition and research directions. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 18 (4): 510–530.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents an analysis of the main research directions in the field of gamification
in management. The purpose of the study is to identify main approaches to the definition
of gamification, generalize and systematize the current knowledge of construct. The analysis
presented in the paper is based on publications in the leading research journals on information
management, marketing and general business area from 2011 to 2019. The paper highlights
the main approaches to the definition of gamification and presents analysis of their application
to the development. A comprehensive analysis showed that in modern science there are two
main approaches to definition: gamification as a tool and gamification as a process. The study of
gamification in management is a relatively young field of science, which has both its advantages
and certain disadvantages. Most of the research focuses on empirical testing of the connection
between gamification and motivational mechanisms, with the goal of creating a more effective
design of gamified systems that improve the user experience. Such studies lead to obvious issues
in the development of theoretical knowledge about the concept of gamification, as well as the
way to operationalize it. The interdisciplinary nature of the phenomenon requires further study
and clarification of existing approaches to conceptualization in management and social sciences,
as well as determining the ethical boundaries of the use of gamified systems. The findings are of
practical importance for researchers both in gamification area and those interested in consumers’
or employees’ engagement studies.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: gamification

value: game elements

value: game mechanics

value: management

value: customer engagement

value: user experience

value: literature review

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Lobin, Aleksey Nikolaevich

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lobin A. N. «Keys to the cities»: The Livonian war as a war of technology. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2019, vol. 2 (26), pp. 195–206.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Firearms have significantly changed the face of wars in both Western and Eastern Europe. The
Livonian war, which unfolded in Europe in the sixteenth century, became a war of technology. The opponents
used against each other the most advanced achievements in metallurgy and military Affairs. The author
considers the production aspects of artillery weapons of the participants of the Livonian war — the Livonian
order, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden and Russia. By the 1550s
there is an integration of artillery technologies between Riga, Revel, Narva and the Order as a whole, on the
one hand, and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, on the other. New items in the artillery business penetrated with
some delay in Russia. All artillery «systems» of the countries participating in the Livonian war were connected
with the German classification and nomenclature. According to the author, in the XVI century, artillery was
the basis of the metallurgical industry, where iron-making and foundry production was concentrated. Artillery
had an impact on the development of mining, saltpeter making, and gunpowder farming. The engineering
part, the construction of fortresses and fortifications, also formed the branch of «artillery art».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (26)

dc.subject

value: Livonian war

value: military affairs

value: gun yard

value: artillery

value: firecrackers

value: red-hot cores

value: military technology

value: Livonian crisis

value: 16th century


dc.contributor.author

value: Lanko, Dmitry A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lanko D. A. A glorious history of international studies in Russia. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2019, vol. 12, issue 4, pp. 531–536.

dc.description.abstract

value:
[Review:] Lebedeva M. M. Russian Studies of International Relations: From the Soviet Past to the Post-
Cold-War Present. Stuttgart, ibidem-Verlag, 2018. 224 p.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. International Relations;Volume 12; Issue 4


dc.contributor.author

value: Koshkin, Pavel G.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Koshkin P. G. The creation of Russia’s new image in the Western press between 2014 and 2019. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, 2019, vol. 12, issue 4, pp. 477–499.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article presents the analysis of Russia’s image in the Western press for the last six years —
from 2014 to 2019. It explains the main factors that have an impact on the country’s perception
in American and European journalism, with the author identifying five semantic patterns
within the Russia narrative in American and European media outlets. The first one describes
Russia as “a revisionist country,” the second presents it as “a global threat,” the third sees it as
“an authoritarian country,” the forth views it as “an aggressor in the post-Soviet space,” and the
fifth is about Russia being “an initiator of a new cold war.” The abovementioned semantic patterns
define the tone and attitude of Western journalists toward Russia, as indicated by a qualitative
and quantitative analysis of materials, which were published in American and European
press from January 2014 to December 2019. On the other hand, Russia’s behavior on the international
stage confirms the fears of Western media and leads to the creation of the country’s
new representation in the US and Europe. One should keep in mind that a country’s image
depends on other numerous factors, including political, journalistic, ideological and historical
ones. The personality of a political leader also has an impact, because the press equates Russia’s
President Vladimir Putin and his predecessors to the entire country. The novelty of the article
is an attempt to classify and make sense of emerging stereotypes about modern Russia.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Cтатья подготовлена при поддержке программы фундаментальных исследований
Президиума РАН «Анализ и прогноз новых глобальных вызовов и возможностей для России» на
2018–2020 гг. Проект «Политика США в сфере безопасности в современном мире и российско-американские отношения».

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: content-analysis

value: the US

value: image of Russia

value: journalism

value: press

value: stereotypes

value: foreign policy

value: US—Russia relations

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Serova, Elena G.

value: Vorobyev, Pavel F.

value: Fainstein, Elizaveta M.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Serova E. G., Vorobyev P. F., Fainstein E. M. 2019. Quantitative SWOT analysis and its application to strategic management: The case of chain restaurant business. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 18 (4): 531–562.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents the results of a study on strategic SWOT analysis and discusses the features of
its application to the Russian chain restaurant business. It analyzes quantitative factors affecting
the application of the SWOT model, identifies and classifies the strategic problems of networkbased
business models in the restaurant business, conducts regression and dispersion analyses of
data obtained during the survey to identify and solve problems of business process management.
The results of the study are based on the works of foreign and domestic experts strategic management
and discuss the development of a concept for assessing the impact of internal and external
resources on managing a network enterprise. The paper offers innovative design of a quantitative
analytical model of SWOT which allows both improving management processes, in companies
focusing on the service market, to create additional competitive advantages and grouping the factors
in terms of solving strategic problems in accordance with the strategic problems they solve.
Th e study justifies the use of the model and identifi es problem areas in management of the chain
restaurant business of a small and medium scale. It allows reducing the negative impact of global
factors and providing the opportunity to use the competitive advantages of the forms of network
enterprises to realize both existing and emerging opportunities as well as minimizing potential
threats. The empirical study involves conducting a survey among representatives of the Russian
restaurant market.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: network enterprise management

value: strategic management

value: quantitative SWOT analysis

value: restaurant business


dc.contributor.author

value: Razdorov, Aleksei (Priest)

dc.identifier.citation

value: Razdorov A. N. The concept of conscience by Philo of Alexandria and the Apostle Paul: on the example of theological-exegetical analysis 1 Cor. 8:7–13 and other Epistles. Issues of Theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 462–480.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article focuses on the exegetic analysis of terms of the lexical group of σύνοι-
δα / συνειδός /συνείδησις in the heritage of Philo of Alexandria and of the term
συνείδησις in the Epistles of St. Paul the apostle. Within the context of theological
comprehension of the concept of ‘conscience,’ Philo’s συνείδησις is rarely used in his
texts and means the consciousness of the sin committed which is associated with
personal pain, but he employs mainly terms συνειδός and ἔλεγχος / ἐλέγχω in his
works, whereas the apostle’s Epistles are characterized by usage of the term συνείδη-
σις. Unlike Philon, who speaks of conscience as a perfect God-given phenomenon,
St. Paul the apostle considers conscience in the anthropological scope as a natural
moral law present in the consciousness of every person regardless of his creed,
denouncing or justifying his acts. The Apostle also describes the cases of a week
conscience resulting from the lack of self-knowledge relative to others or sinfulness
of a person. Hence, it is not correct to speak about any direct influence of these two
authors on each other in the use of the concept of conscience.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 1; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: New Testament

value: anthropology

value: apostle Paul

value: conscience

value: instance

value: selfconsciousness

value: responsibility

value: «strongs»

value: «weaks»

value: συνειδός

value: συνείδησις


dc.contributor.author

value: Shahzad, Muhammad Babar

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shahzad M. B. 2019. Psychological capital as a moderator in the relationship between job autonomy and job stress: The case of Pakistan financial services firms. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management 18 (4): 614–633.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The annual costs caused by occupation-related stress are currently estimated at billions
of dollars. This study examines the interactive role of psychological capital in the relationship
between job autonomy and job stress. The researcher used the time-lagged method to collect
the data from six hundred and eighty-eight (N = 688) employees offering financial services at
the emerging market. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis.
The results revealed a nonlinear U-shaped relationship between job autonomy and job stress.
The results also indicated a negative association between psychological capital and job stress.
The analysis showed that psychological capital suggests the curvilinear association between job
autonomy and job stress. The empirical research has demonstrated that a reasonable level of job
autonomy may: (i) be more valuable to employees; (ii) intrinsically motivate the employees by
making the job meaningful, interesting and enjoyable, thus resulting in less job stress. A high
level of job autonomy may decrease job stress if employees have developed all elements of
psychological capital; otherwise, it leads to a rising level of job stress.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Management;Volume 18; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: job autonomy

value: psychological capital

value: job stress

value: emerging market

value: job design

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shchegoleva, Liudmila V.

value: Voronov, Roman V.

value: Sedov, Leonid

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shchegoleva L. V., Voronov R. V., Sedov L. The problem of a maximal weighted area of axis-parallel rectangle that covers polygons. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2019, vol. 15, iss. 4, pp. 592–602.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper presents the problem of finding the optimal location of the rectangle with the
maximum weighted area. The dimensions of the rectangle are set, the sides of the rectangle
are parallel to the axes. On the plane, there are non-self-intersecting polygons of arbitrary
shape with a given density. The weighted area of a rectangle is calculated as a sum of the
area of the parts of polygons covered by the rectangle multiplied by their densities. The
algorithm for solving the problem is described. This problem arises when determining the
places of forest felling when the planned cutting area can be modelled by a rectangle, and
the polygons describe the areas with same forest taxation, for each of which is known forest
stock per hectare.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 15; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: maximizing range sum (MaxRS)

value: maximizing area-range sum

value: maximizing weighted area-range sum

value: polygons


dc.contributor.author

value: Khartanovich, Margarita F.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Khartanovich M. F. 2019. Abram I. Lipman — first researcher of the Kunstkamera’s of the Imperial Academy of Sciences building. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 247–262.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article focuses on the work of the Leningrad architect Abram I. Lipman on preparing the
document “Passport No. 3 certifying the Institute’s of Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences
of the USSR building as a monument” for placing the Kunstkamera’s building under
state protection. This was the first comprehensive historical and architectural research work
devoted to the history of the construction, reconstruction and restoration of the first Russian
historical and scientific museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, for the period from
1717 to 1937. The passport dates back to 1938 and consists primarily of a historical essay on
the construction of this historical monument, a brief biography of architects, a detailed story
about the construction and restoration of the Kunstkamera in the 18th century — beginning
of the 20th century. The work was carried out by order of the All-Russian Central Executive
Committee (VTsIK) dated August 10, 1933, which included, among other issues, the establishment
of a list of monuments subject to state protection. The list was approved on March
20, 1935, and the Kunstkamera’s building was taken under state protection. The structure of
the “Passport” is given in the article, as well as the main provisions of the reviews. The appendices
to the article present several documents: a chronology of repair work done on the
Kunstkamera’s building from the second half of the 19th century through the first-third of the
twentieth century, a chronology of architectural construction and restoration works from the
18th through the first-third of the 20th century, and A. I. Lipman’s proposals on the restoration
project of the Kunstkamera’s building. The work allows us to recreate the overall systemic field
of the organization of the restoration of the historical appearance of the Kunstkamera’s building,
carried out in the late 1940s.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 10; Issue 2

value: Kunstkamera

value: certificate of building

value: building history

value: restoration

value: Kunstkamera tower

value: architecture

value: protection of monuments


dc.contributor.author

value: Sapanzha, Olga S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sapanzha O. S. 2019. Museology in dialogue with history, philosophy, heritage issues: What St. Petersburg museum experts wrote in 2018. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 142–152.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Three publications on the problems of museology in 2018 are the focus of the paper. The paper
presents the concept of the structure of science, in which museology is analyzed as a theory of
culture and part of the science of cultural studies. Museography is considered an area of scientific
and practical knowledge associated with the study of museum institutes in their historical
dynamics and modern condition. Reliance on science (historical, art history, natural science)
is an important characteristic of these studies. The choice of science most often depends on
the profile of the museum. Finally, museum studies are the practices of museum work. This
practice is based on Russian law, international principles and scientific methods. This is the
third level of ‘museum knowledge,’ which is based on the ideas of museology and museography.
The article indicates a decrease in the general interest in the problem field of museology
and a decrease in the total number of works on theoretical problems. Monographic publications
released in 2018 partially fill this gap. A review of the monograph by V. G. Ananyeva
“History of foreign museology,” M. V. Biryukova “Philosophy of curatorship” and the textbook “Cultural Heritage and Museum in the 21st Century,” written by the team of the author of the
St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture is presented in the article. Each of the works covers
issues relevant to Russian museology: the study of foreign museology, philosophical research,
and the problem of cultural heritage. Some studies examine museum issues in the context of
philosophy, history, and the study of heritage. An important task in the development of museology
as a theory of culture is the formation of its own scientific cultural discourse.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
Исследование выполнено в рамках гранта Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований № 19-011-00660/19 (25/19 РФФИ) «Российская музеология в системе наук о культуре. Вклад
российской музеологии в мировую науку»

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: museum

value: museology

value: museography

value: museum work

value: museal

value: cultural theory

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Amosova, Alisa A.

value: Bulakhova, Anna D.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Amosova A. A., Bulakhova A. D. 2019. How to study daily life of the Soviet elite of the second half of the 1940s — early 1950s: sources of museum origin. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 237–246.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Daily life of the Soviet elite of Leningrad and the Leningrad Region from 1945–1950 has not
been studied sufficiently. This is due to the presence, in the scientific works devoted to the
Stalinist era, of a tilt towards political history to the detriment of social history, as well as
the rehabilitation of the victims of the Leningrad affair that lasted for decades. The article
analyzes sources of ‘museum origin’ on the studied topic, which are kept in museums in St.
Petersburg. By the sources of ‘museum origin’ we mean the materials from museum archives,
museum items deposited in collections and presented in expositions and exhibitions, as well
as data posted on official museum sites. A special role in studying the daily life of the Soviet
elite should be given to the State Museum of Political History of Russia. The museum was the
first to publicly cover the topic of the ‘Leningrad affair,’ which had an impact on the growth
of public interest in the study of this research problem. Today, among all museum collections,
this collection mostly reflects the scale and nature of the ‘Leningrad affair.’ The materials of the
funds of the State Memorial Museum of Defense and the Siege of Leningrad are mainly limited
by the chronological framework of 1941–1945, however, the connection with the problem
of studying everyday life of the Soviet elite in the second half of the 1940s and early 1950s
is obvious. Thanks to the initiative of relatives of the victims of the ‘Leningrad affair,’ at the
beginning of the 21st century, the collection was replenished with materials from family archives:
letters and photographs were provided by the relatives of P. T. Talyush and V. N. Ivanov.
Additionally, the article discusses sources of ‘museum origin’ from other historical museums
in St. Petersburg, including departmental and public.

dc.description.sponsorship

value:
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 18-78-
00060).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 10; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: daily life

value: soviet elite

value: ‘Leningrad affair’

value: the sources of ‘museum origin’

value: museums of St. Petersburg


dc.contributor.author

value: Obolonskaya, Edita V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Obolonskaya E. V. 2019. History of Russian cannon factories in the exhibits of the Mining Museum. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 216–229.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the collection of the Mining Museum of the St. Petersburg Mining University there are
individual samples and entire collections from the Russian army: the Aleksandrovsky cannonfoundry
of the Olonetsky mining district, the Perm cannon factory, the Kamensky cast-iron
foundry, the Nizhneesettsky iron-making plant and others. There are models, real samples and
blanks of guns and ammunition, tools and metalworking devices, models of metallurgical furnaces,
samples of iron, steel and alloys, ores and fuel. The collection covers the historical period
from the end of the XVIII century to the first quarter of the XX century. In this article, exhibits
related to the development of smooth-bore artillery, which complemented the museum
collection from 1786 to 1880, will be considered. Museum exhibits related to the development
of rifled artillery deserve particular publication. The Mining University, founded in 1773 by
Empress Catherine II, along with other specialists in the mining industry, trained metallurgists
and mechanics to work in cannon and equipment-making factories. The exhibits of the
Mining Museum served primarily as an educational tool and were visual aids for students.
The level of education provided in the university was high, thanks to the qualified faculty,
laboratory and museum complexes. Well-known graduated from the Mining University include
P. P. Anosov, N. V. Voronzov, P. M. Obuhov, N. A. Yossa and A. A. Iznoskov. Their names
are inextricably linked with the Zlatousts, Olonets, Perm and Obukhov weapon factories. The
factory samples were received by the museum the same year that production of weapons and
tools was started at the factories. This collection clearly illustrates the history of the development
of Russian artillery in general and Russian cannon and shell factories in particular. It is
the first publication in the historiography of this topic.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 12; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Russian factories

value: artillery

value: guns

value: metallurgy

value: manufacturing

value: tools

value: collection

value: museum

value: education


dc.contributor.author

value: Kerimova, Sevil A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Kerimova S. A. Development of museum affairs in Azerbaijan at the end 20th — beginning 21st century. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 187–195.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article analyzes the formation and development of museums of Azerbaijan at the present
stage. This historical stage covers an almost 30-year period, the beginning of which is indicated
by the restoration of independence by Azerbaijan in 1991. An approximate periodization of
the development of modern museum work in the country is given, based on the establishment
and improvement of the regulatory framework, according to which the situation is chronologically
three decades. The first period covers 1990-first half of 2010. Given the difficult political
and economic situation, the war and the occupation of 20 % of the territory, the improvement
of museum work and the introduction of the new target strategy of museum activity changed
ideological attitudes, which resulted in changes in the infrastructure. During this period registers
for monuments were created, restoration carried out, and the possible museumification
of monuments in the future was considered. The second period includes up until 2011, when
museum legislation was significantly expanded. This stage is characterized by the discovery of
a number of new-type museums, with a change in museum policy towards depressurization
of the classical museum space. It is noteworthy that against the background of the priorities
of cultural policy on the formation of a positive image of the country, strengthening the factor
of museums’ “soft power” gained significance. In 2005–2011, plans for further development
were determined, which became an important element in the promotion of cultural heritage
in the second decade of the 2000s.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 10; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: Azerbaijan

value: modern museums

value: museum policy

value: museum legislation

value: museums in the 2000s

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Bachinskiy, Aleksey Aleksandrovich

value: Yerusalimski, Konstantin Uryevich

value: Kozlyakov, Vyacheslav Nikolayevich

value: Schwarcz, Iskra

dc.identifier.citation

value: Bachinskiy A. A., Yerusalimski K. U., Kozlyakov V. N., Schwarcz I. The Project of the partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth between Russia and the Holy Roman Empire: The Cracow roll-message from 1576. Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, 2019, vol. 2 (26), pp. 135–166.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The imperial embassy of Johann Kobentzl von Prosseg and Daniel Prinz von Buchau discussed
with tsar Ivan IV and his representatives in December 1575 – January 1576 the consequences of
Maximilian II Habsburg’s election on the thrones of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish Crown.
There is the roll-message in Cracow Chartorysky Library (Perg. 2822/IX), which has been sent to the
emperor with their legates. It became known among contemporaries in Poland and Lithuania. The authors of
the article strive to analyze the manuscript tradition of the roll. The differences between its Moscow ambassadorial,
Lithuanian Russian, Polish and Latin copies show that the roll took part in the political struggle of
the period.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: The research is supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation, project No 16-18-10091.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana;Volume 2 (26)

dc.subject

value: Ivan the Terrible

value: Maximilian II Habsburg

value: Russian diplomacy

value: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth


dc.contributor.author

value: Smirnov, Aleksey V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Smirnov A. V. Participatory technologies as a new challenge to theoretical museology. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 153–160.

dc.description.abstract

value:
At the end of the twentieth century, the new principles of organizing museum activities led to
the appearance of the so-called participatory museums (museums of complicity). These institutions
were called upon to solve new problems, which provoked discussions about the role
of the museum in society. The article outlines the scientific problems that theoretical museology
needs to solve when introducing participatory technologies in the activities of modern
museums. Among these problems is the analysis of the essence of the museum as a socially
significant institution. It is also necessary to describe the new structure of museum communication,
which will be formed during the implementation of participatory technologies. The
activities of museums of complicity are analyzed using examples given in Nina Simon’s book
“The Participatory Museum,” which summarizes the experience of using these technologies
in museum activities of the late 20th — early 21st centuries. The author of the article highlights
a number of points that have become an essential part of modern cultural management, such
as the need for marketing analysis of promising museum projects, expert assessment of their
socio-political potential, as well as the formation of a new behavioral model of a visitor to
a participatory museum. According to the author, the use of participatory technologies in
museum work is caused both by the museum’s desire to actively engage in the life of the local
community (which is characteristic of small museums), and by cultural and political trends
that require the museum to actively engage in the formation of a new social experience, which
is not limited to aesthetic experiences and assimilation of scientific information.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 10; Issue 2

value: museum technologies

value: participatory museum

value: museum of complicity

value: new museology

value: modern museum


dc.contributor.author

value: Stefko, Maria S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Stefko M. S. 2019. Russian museums in French publications at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 230–236.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper explores the awareness of French researchers and the readership about the realities
of museum practice in Russia at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. The question arises
concerning the inclusion of Russian museums in the informational and cultural context of
France during the formation of the Russian-French alliance, key objects of interest and principles
for their description are also analyzed. This approach, based on reviews and special
studies, is intended to outline a list of museums that have attracted the greatest attention of French authors. Among them are museums of national history (State Historical Museum),
technology (Polytechnic Museum), art collections (Hermitage, Tretyakov Gallery, collection
of P. I. Shchukin) and collections of arts and crafts (the Baron Stieglitz Art and Industry Museum,
the collection of the Stroganov School). This panorama represents a very characteristic
choice for the French observer of that period, seeking to learn a new country. The approach
of description of Russian museum landscape is based on the analogies with the influential
French museums of that time. The Louvre Museum, the Luxembourg Museum, the Museum
of French Monuments, the Trocadero Ethnographic Museum, the Conservatory of Arts and
Crafts, the Central Union of Decorative and Applied Arts, and the Cluny Museum formed the
museum landscape of France during the period being analyzed. All descriptions appeal to this
context, which reflected the key points for the French mentality (national history, national
and European art, decorative and applied art, technology, architecture) fixed in the museum
building process. Thus, the actual and most striking events of Russian museum practice at the
turn of the 19th–20th centuries were recorded in French publications, which could contribute
to the formation of an extensive, non-simplistic view of the Russian cultural and museum
process during that period.

value: history of Russian museums

value: Russian-French cultural relations

value: cultural policy

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ziyan, Long

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ziyan Long. The possibilities of art museums in preparing choreographers in China. The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 203–208.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article provides an overview of the situation surrounding the training of classical European
ballet choreographers in China. The difference between Chinese classical choreography
and European ballet is described. It is noted that small educational institutions that are already
preparing choreographers in the “classical ballet” profile not only require the technical
component of instruction, but, above all, the cultural and historical knowledge of students.
The museum is presented as an environment where future choreographers could gain the
necessary cultural baggage. Thus, an analysis of the sculptural works of European artists can
help to master the specifics of the composition of plastic forms, to understand the language of
lines and bends, close to the European viewer. An analysis of the paintings provides an understanding
of many works of ballet art, as many of them were inspired by canvases of masters.
Museums also contribute to the development of the genre and style diversity of art. The article
examines the situation in the museum industry of China, and notes the importance that is
devoted to this field for the cultural development of citizens. At the same time, it is stipulated
that almost all museums of the PRC are dedicated to Chinese national art and there are only a
few museums that would exhibit works of art by European artists on an ongoing basis. Several
recommendations are given by the author in order to include museums in the process of preparing
Chinese ballet choreographers.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: museums

value: China

value: choreography

value: training

value: synthesis of arts

value: Chinese choreography

value: ballet


dc.contributor.author

value: Sapanzha, Olga S.

value: Shudzin, Van

dc.identifier.citation

value: Sapanzha O. S., Shudzin Van. Cooperation between the USSR and China in the training of specialists in the field of Museum Studies in the 1950s (on the example of training Xu Zhipin at the Repin Institute in Leningrad). The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 196–202.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The analysis of archival materials about the organization of training the famous specialist of
Chinese museology Xu Zhipin in Leningrad is presented in the paper. Xu Zhipin completed
a two-year internship program in the field of Museum Studies at the Institute of Painting,
Sculpture and Architecture named after I. E. Repin in 1958 to the 1960-ies. During this period,
there was no special training for museum specialists in the Soviet Union, but there were special
museum courses at universities including the Repin Institute. At the Repin Institute, the
Faculty of Theory and History of Art was opened in 1937 and training specialists for work in
art museums was named as one of the most important goals when the faculty was established.
As a result, the Repin Institute had professors who could provide training for specialists in
museums of the People’s Republic of China. A special internship program was developed for
Xu Jhipin. During the internship, Xu Jhipin received the fundamental skills for a future career
in China. The internship materials presented in the article make it possible to understand the
components of training specialists for work in art museums and the specifics of the organizational
process of contacts and interaction between universities and museums of the Soviet
Union. The materials show the importance of the Soviet school of Museum Studies in the
development of museum space in China in the second half of the twentieth century.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: The Issues of Museology;Volume 10; Issue 2

dc.subject

value: museum

value: museology

value: Soviet-Chinese cultural relations

value: Institute of painting, sculpture and architecture named after I. E. Repin


dc.contributor.author

value: Tumanova, Karina V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Tumanova K. V. 2019. “Black Gold” of Belgium: History and modernity (on the example of one exhibit from the technical collection of the Mining Museum). The Issues of Museology, 10 (2), 209–215.

dc.description.abstract

value:
Throughout the history of the Mining Museum of the Mining University, its model collection
has been replenished with the most modern models and layouts from different countries.
In the technical collection of the Mining Museum, among models of mining equipment of
the 18th–20th centuries, there is a model of a sorting processing plant for coal from the main
industrial region of Belgium — Liege Seren. The model of the factory was purchased in the
Freiberg Mining Academy (Germany) in 1875 in the workshop of K. Schumann. The model
is made in the scale of 1:10. The mechanisms are made of metal; the pedestal, wall panels and
supports are made from timber. Skips supply fine coal up into a box, from where it enters the
drum screen of the Rexroth design. The screen is a cylinder, the surface of which has holes,
increasing in size from the beginning to the end of the drum. After screening, coal is fed to the
wet jigging and to the special jigging machines of the Rexroth system. Different varieties of
coal undergo further processing. In connection with the depletion of local coal deposits by the
beginning of the 20th century, production in Belgium began to work on imported coal. Coal
mining was completely stopped in Belgium in the 1980s. Nevertheless, the model of the sorting
coal-preparation plant reminds us of the golden age of the coal industry in Belgium. This
model is still a teaching aid for students of the Mining University. This model is of interest also
for museum workers, as well as for specialists in the field of beneficiation, as an example of the
development of technology in one of the most famous industrial regions of Europe.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: Belgium

value: coal

value: model

value: screening

value: gravity method

value: Mining Museum

value: jigging machine

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Shkarovskiy, Mikhail V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Shkarovskiy M. V. The works of Metropolitan Eleutherius (Vorontsov) on the creation of the Czechoslovak Autocephalous Orthodox Church. Issues of Theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 541–575.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article deals with the history of the Czechoslovak Autocephalous Orthodox
Church in the second half of the 1940s and early 1950s, the main works on its
creation were performed by the well-known Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox
Church — Metropolitan Eleutherius (Vorontsov). He was appointed Exarch of the
Moscow Patriarchate in Czechoslovakia in 1946 and in a short time created a fairly
viable Exarchate on the basis of several dozen severely affected Ruthenian, Slovak,
and Russian communities during the Second World War at the hands of the Czech
Nazis. In this situation, the Bishop had to solve complex problems, the most important
of which was the transfer to the Orthodox Church of Slovak Greek Catholics,
which was often carried out by the state bodies of Czechoslovakia through the use
of repressive measures. Metropolitan Eleutherius did not share this approach and
tried to act by other methods. Largely as a result of his skillful policy, by the early
1950s the Czechoslovak Orthodox Church was established, which received autocephaly
from the Russian Mother Church in 1951. The present Orthodox Church
of the Czech lands and Slovakia invariably commemorates its first Metropolitan
Eleutherius, who is remembered fondly.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 1; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: Orthodoxy

value: the Czechoslovak Orthodox Church

value: Moscow Patriarchate

value: Metropolitan Eleutherius (Vorontsov)


dc.contributor.author

value: Трофимов, Дмитрий Александрович

dc.description.abstract

value: Пособие предназначено для первичного ознакомления студентов-астрономов с высокоточными методами определения координат из ГНСС-наблюдений. Кратко изложены принципы высокоточных координатных измерений. Рассмотрена работа как с онлайн сервисами определения координат, так и с отрытым ПО RTKlib.

dc.title

filename: Определение координат пунктов из ГНСС-наблюдений методом PPP.pdf


dc.contributor.author

value: Lianos, Ioannis

value: Zingales, Nicolo

value: McLean, Andrew

value: Raslan, Azza

value: Strader, Matthew J.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Lianos, Ioannis, Zingales, Nicolo, McLean, Andrew, Raslan, Azza, Strader, Matthew J. 2019. The scope of competition law in the digital economy. Pravovedenie 63 (4): 522–572.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reveals new problems arising in the digital economy and the need for antimonopoly
regulation. It also analyzes the legal remedies and procedures for competition law in the context
of digitalization. Redesigning competition law procedures for the digital economy can take
two forms: 1) ensure the rate of competition law enforcement so as to avoid acting in situations
when market tipping has already occurred and it is almost impossible to reverse the anticompetitive
outcome; 2) develop remedial action that takes into account the scale of anticompetitive
behavior, which might better reflect the complexity of digital markets. Competition authorities
should consider utilizing interim measures and commitment decisions in the digital economy,
both instruments playing a complementary role. Interim measures can be used within a revised
framework with lower thresholds, but this should only be reserved for complicated and lengthy
investigations where there is risk of irreversible harm to competition. These measures should
be applied to the most harmful violations, such as cartels and abuse of dominance. Commitment
decisions can be utilized to address less serious violations where it is also beneficial to the
competition authority to reach a swift resolution. The article analyzes the division of companies
as a way to eliminate violations. Division can take different forms and need not be structural.
A certain ‘light-touch’ separation may be achieved by policies mandating that digital platforms
not use personal data that has been harvested by the members of their ecosystems unless they
have the explicit consent of their users. The article also addresses issues such as data portability
and cross-platform compatibility. The authors have proved that the BRICS countries need
to supplement their national legislation on the protection of personal data in terms of norms on
their portability. Although it is not mainly designed as a tool to combat monopolies and market
power, data portability will have a significant impact on competition in digital markets. Multisided
digital platforms are characterized by a high network and lock-in effects. In a winner takes
all, or most, where undertakings compete for the market rather than in the market, the right to
data portability may provide some relief from the power that large digital platforms hold.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 63; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: digital economy

value: interim measures

value: commitment decisions

value: personal data

value: data portability

value: competition by design

value: BRICS countries


dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanov, Alexey Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanov, Alexey Yu. 2019. Digital economy and antitrust law: The unity and conflict of opposites. Pravovedenie 63 (4): 486–521.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The digital economy has become a new milestone in human development, but along with the
benefits of digitalization and globalization of the world economy it has brought an unprecedented
increase in the concentration of market power in the hands of a small group of digital
monopolies and a rapid increase in global inequality, which creates systemic imbalances in the
development of society. According to a number of experts, a likely consequence of such imbalances
in development may be long-term instability that already entails fundamental risks for
the existence of the capitalist system. Antitrust law has already played a positive role in overcoming
such challenges in the development of the capitalist system during the technological
transformations of the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. It has allowed the
USA and a number of other Western countries to go through the last great industrial revolution
in a less painful way than those countries, including Russia, which experienced a dismantling of
the capitalist system and were unable to withstand the pressures of accelerated development.
This article analyzes the reasons that prevented antitrust law from playing a similar balancing
role during the ongoing industrial revolution and proposes possible measures to improve
mechanisms of antitrust regulation of the digital economy. Among the most promising avenues
for creating effective checks and balances on the growing market power of global digital platforms
are the emerging formats for antitrust cooperation within the framework of regional associations
of developing countries, primarily on the BRICS platform. Cooperation between the
BRICS countries in the sphere of competition law and policy may also become a serious factor
for the formation of a global antitrust regime, which does not currently exist. Moreover, given
the positioning of the BRICS countries in the world system, such cooperation allows for the
creation of a global competition law that would promote a wider dissemination of knowledge
and advanced technologies and help remove barriers to global innovation flows that are now set
by global technological monopolies. Cooperation in this sphere would have a positive impact on
reducing global inequalities.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

value: globalization

value: monopolization

value: digital platforms and ecosystems

value: inequality

value: global competition law and policy

value: BRICS

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Erofeeva, Ekaterina V.

value: Kotova, Daria A.

value: Pozdnyakova, Anna E.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Erofeeva, Ekaterina V., Kotova, Daria A., Pozdnyakova, Anna E. 2019. The many faces of anti-competitive practices in digital markets. Pravovedenie 63 (4): 598–624.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This article looks at some curious examples of restrictive practices typical for digital markets.
Digital markets are a unique phenomenon for the new digital economy that is structurally based
on and driven by digital platforms. The largest digital platforms such as Facebook or Amazon
and large digital companies such as Google, Microsoft and Apple dominate the digital markets
of today and thus have a huge potential to restrict competition in these dynamic markets. This
article takes an analytical approach to several restrictive practices that have recently received
attention from competition authorities around the world and have largely influenced law enforcement
as well as our understanding of how digital markets function. First of all, the authors
consider the so-called price parity clauses. Broadly speaking, these are a particular type of
arrangements that oblige suppliers to not offer more favorable terms to their business partners
than those offered to digital platforms (for example hotel websites as compared to online booking
platforms). However, when narrowed down to contractual relations between a platform and
a supplier, price parity clauses present a much more complex case. Further, the authors look
at the multitude of restrictive practices in the online search market illustrated by a series of
cases initiated against Google by the European Commission. By setting its search engine in a
particular way, Google prioritized its own services so that they received more consumer traffic.
Notably, these series of cases is just a part of the collection of anticompetitive tendencies in
this market. Finally, this article looks at a less well-known, but all the more dangerous case of
geo-blocking, which occurs when IP-protected content is blocked from distribution outside the
framework that is reasonably justified by the protection of exclusive rights. Such cases must be
examined through the complex relationship between the individualistic nature of IP rights and
public interest. The collection of practices examined in the article highlights both the need to
significantly reform competition enforcement and the need to rethink the role of competition
law in the new economy.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 63; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: competition law

value: digital markets

value: competition enforcement

value: price parity

value: geo-blocking

value: discrimination

value: online search


title: Economics of digital mergers

dc.contributor.author

value: Regibeau, Pierre

value: Lianos, Ioannis

dc.identifier.citation

value: Regibeau, Pierre, Lianos, Ioannis. 2019. Economics of digital mergers. Pravovedenie 63 (4): 573–597.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The article reveals the main problems of antitrust law caused by the widespread use of digital
technologies. The greatest challenge brought by the proliferation of digital technology and data
is the emergence of new forms of pricing, which do not fit well with our traditional approach to
the market definition or with our traditional assessment of the likely effect of mergers on prices.
Digital sellers have the ability not only to recognize previous buyers more effectively but also to
collect, store and exploit information about this buyer’s past behaviour in order to display products
and prices aimed at maximising the seller’s profits given the available buyer profile. Individualised
pricing enabled by digitalisation raises issues relative to market definition. In a world
where digital sales enable customised pricing, the market is much more liable to segmentation.
As a result, one must pay close attention to whether the merging parties are or not “especially
close competitors” not only in terms of products but also in terms of consumer information. The
authors conclude that AI-based algorithms could be used to facilitate tacit collusion between
rivals. Coordination between independent parties is easier to achieve and maintain if the parties
can agree on a common price, can detect any deviation from this agreement quickly and
precisely and can react to such deviations quickly. Establishing this type of infringement would
likely require expertise not currently available to most competition authorities. The article identifies
several mechanisms through which the emergence of digital conglomerates, and hence
the approval of digital conglomerate mergers, can affect competition adversely. The platform’s
“market power” now depends on its ability to retain users within its own ecology and to use
this to restrict the supply of advertising, leading to higher prices for both advertising and the
corresponding products. This ability is increased by any acquisition which helps populate this
ecology. Traditional measures of concentration can therefore easily understate, or even miss
entirely, this type of merger-specific increase in market power.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: individualized pricing

value: consumer targeting

value: horizontal effects

value: personal data

value: big data

value: conglomerate mergers

value: abuse of dominance

dc.title

value: Economics of digital mergers


title: Guest editor's note

dc.contributor.author

value: Ivanov, Alexey Yu.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ivanov, Alexey Yu. 2019. Guest editor's note. Pravovedenie 63 (4): 483–485.

dc.description.abstract

value: Guest editor's note

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Pravovedenie;Volume 63; Issue 4

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Vdovina, Galina V.

value: Shmonin, Dmitrii V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Vdovina G. V., Shmonin D. V. On intentionality and life, or why philosophers and psychologists should not abandon the historical roots of their sciences. Issues of theology, 2019, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 591–599.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The conversation between Dmitry Shmonin, Editor-in-Chief of the journal “Problems
of Theology,” and Galina Vdovina, D. Sci. in Philosophy, Leading Fellow at the
Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is devoted to her new
monograph, which was published in 2019. The book deals with the treatises “On the
soul,” created in the framework of Catholic post-medieval scholasticism of the 17th
and first half of the 18th centuries. Compared to Aristotle’s science of the soul and
medieval commentaries on Aristotle’s treatise, scientia de anima underwent profound
changes. Firstly, its subject changes, including now the divine being. Secondly,
the concept of architectonics of the soul is fundamentally changing, where the
main bearing pillar becomes the concept of two modes of life, the intentional and
physical ones. Thirdly, the intentional mechanisms of sensual and intellectual cognition
are developed in a very sophisticated way, including structures and functions
of cognitive and willful acts, sensual and intellectual memory, habitus, intentional
object, etc. Particular attention is paid to the relevance of the study of post-medieval
scholasticism today, its proximity to phenomenological philosophy, philosophy of
objects, and philosophy of consciousness. The conversation asserts the thesis about
the high prospects of studying Christian theological heritage for modern humanitarian
knowledge.

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Issues of Theology;Volume 1; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: scholasticism

value: philosophical psychology

value: intentionality

value: life

value: cognitive science


dc.contributor.author

value: Eremin, Alexey S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Eremin A. S. Combined functional continuous method for delay differential equations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2019, vol. 15, iss. 4, pp. 425–441.

dc.description.abstract

value:
In the paper a combined numerical method for discrete delay differential equations is
presented. The method is an embedded pair of type two explicit Runge—Kutta methods
of order four: a continuous method with six stages and a stage-continuous method with
seven stages. Their combination provides an effective solution of discrete delay differential
equations. The combined method remains explicit for any values of the delay: for small
values the stage-continuous scheme is used while for large delays a faster continuous scheme
is applied. The scheme to use is chosen automatically based on whether the delay falls into
the current step and a switch to the stage-continuous scheme can be made at any stage when
required. The embedding of the methods lets to minimize the required number of the righthand
side function computations. The order conditions and the proof of their resolvability
with the stated number of stages are presented. Tests, confirming the effectiveness of the
proposed methods, are made.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 15; Issue 4

dc.subject

value: delay differential equations

value: continuous methods

value: functional continuous method

value: stage-continuous method


dc.contributor.author

value: Ekimov, Alexander V.

value: Chizhova, Olga N.

value: Zaranik, Uliana P.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ekimov A. V., Chigova O. N., Zaranik U. P. Stability of homogeneous nonstationary systems of differential-difference equations with linearly time delay. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2019, vol. 15, iss. 4, pp. 415–424.

dc.description.abstract

value:
These systems can be considered as a model for the spread of the epidemic in the population.
In addition, systems with linearly increasing delay describe the dynamics of the information
server, mixing tank, the process of formation of traffic jams on the ring road, etc. For the
study, the concept of an average system is introduced. This approach allows us to reduce the
analysis of the Lyapunov stability problem of the zero solution of the original system to the
investigation of the zero solution of the averaged system. Sufficient conditions for stationary
system stability are formulated. Then the application of Razumihin’s approach to the study
of stability original system is used. The Lyapunov function is constructed. As a result,
new sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of the zero solution of nonstationary
homogeneous systems with a linearly increasing time delay are obtained. These conditions
are the generalization of well-known results for the linear systems with a linearly increasing
time delay.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

dc.subject

value: linearly increasing time delay

value: asymptotic stability

dc.title

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Ermolin, Vladislav S.

value: Vlasova, Tatyana V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Ermolin V. S., Vlasova T. V. Lyapunov’s first method: estimates of characteristic numbers of functional matrices. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2019, vol. 15, iss. 4, pp. 442–456.

dc.description.abstract

value:
This paper contains the development of theoretical fundamentals of the first method of
Lyapunov. We analyze the relations between characteristic numbers of functional matrices,
their rows, and columns. We consider Lyapunov’s results obtained to evaluate and calculate
characteristic numbers for products of scalar functions and prove a theorem on the generalization
of these results to the products of matrices. This theorem states necessary and
sufficient conditions for the existence of rigorous estimates for characteristic numbers of
matrix products. Also, we prove a theorem that establishes a relationship between the
characteristic number of a square non-singular matrix and the characteristic number of its
inverse matrix, and the determinant. The stated relations and properties of the characteristic
numbers of square matrices we reformulate in terms of the Lyapunov exponents. Examples
of matrices illustrate the proved theorems.

dc.language.iso

value: en

dc.subject

value: Lyapunov’s first method

value: stability theory

value: characteristic numbers

value: the Lyapunov exponent

value: functional matrices


dc.contributor.author

value: Krivulin, Nikolai K.

value: Ageev, Vladimir A.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Krivulin N. K., Ageev V. A. Methods of tropical optimization in multicriteria problems of raiting alternatives from pairwise comparisons. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2019, vol. 15, iss. 4, pp. 472–488.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper deals with the application of methods and results of tropical mathematics, which
focuses on the theory and applications of algebraic systems with idempotent operations, to
the development of a multicriteria decision-making procedure. A problem is considered to
evaluate ratings of alternatives from pairwise comparisons of the alternatives under several
criteria, and from pairwise comparisons of the criteria. To solve the problem, a decisionmaking
procedure is proposed based on the Chebyshev approximation, in logarithmic scale,
of pairwise comparison matrices by reciprocally symmetrical matrices of unit rank (consistent
matrices), which determine the elements in the vectors of weights of criteria and ratings of
alternatives. First, the approximation problem for the matrix of pairwise comparison of
criteria is solved to find the weights of criteria. Then, the weighted pairwise comparison matrices of alternatives are approximated by a common consistent matrix, which gives
the required vector of ratings of alternatives. If the result is not unique (up to a positive
factor), an additional problem of analyzing the solutions is solved to find vectors that can
be considered, in a sense, as the worst and best solutions. In the framework of the proposed
procedure, the problems of approximation and analysis of solutions are formulated as tropical
optimization problems, which have direct analytical solutions in a compact vector form. An
example of the application of the procedure to solve the known problem by T. Saaty on
selecting a school is given.

dc.description.sponsorship

value: This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Reaserch (grant N18-010-00723).

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.relation.ispartofseries

value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes;Volume 15; Issue 4

value: idempotent semifield

value: tropical optimization

value: pairwise comparison matrix

value: matrix approximation

value: log-Chebyshev metric

value: multicretiria decision making problem


title: On export duty managing

dc.contributor.author

value: Prasolov, Alexander V.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Prasolov A. V. On export duty managing. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2019, vol. 15, iss. 4, pp. 555–564.

dc.description.abstract

value:
When considering such economic phenomenon as an export, the producers of the exported
goods, the participants in production within the country, consumers within the country and
abroad, the state with its customs and tax services and other economic agents may come
into the view. This paper considers one (generalized) producer of the good, households as
consumers within the country and the government that sets the export duty and manages
the export income. The price outside the country is considered to be constant, i. e. does not
depend on the volume of exports. Since the interests of these participants in the production,
distribution and consumption of this good are very different and often uncertain, the standard
way would be to build a Pareto-optimality region and allocate some strategy in it as a
solution. We made an attempt to estimate the boundary of the Pareto-optimality domain
but managed to construct only some of its inner part, and the function, the largest value
of which indicates an acceptable equilibrium, was too complex for analytical solutions. This
prevented the use of such a well-known approach as the Nash arbitration solution. As a
result, we proposed a method that gives the best export duty from the point of view of
the government, which uses the income to expand production, which will give a profit to
both producers and households in the form of a decrease in domestic prices. We specifically
did not consider any particular product because the restrictions defined by Customs laws
are very diverse both in countries and in products. The paper presents one example with illustrative data and one — with real volumes of production and export of wheat from the
Russian Federation.

dc.publisher

value: St Petersburg State University

value: export duties

value: optimization

value: revenue management

dc.title

value: On export duty managing

dc.type

value: Article


dc.contributor.author

value: Olemskoy, Igor V.

value: Kovrizhnykh, Nikolai A.

value: Firyulina, Oxana S.

dc.identifier.citation

value: Olemskoy I. V., Kovrizhnykh N. A., Firyulina O. S. Two-parametric family of sixth order numerical methods for solving systems of ordinary differential equations. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes, 2019, vol. 15, iss. 4, pp. 502–517.

dc.description.abstract

value:
The paper is devoted to the construction of economical explicit sixth-order numerical method
for solving structurally partitioned systems of ordinary differential equations. The general
form of the method, which algorithmically uses the properties of the system structure, is
presented. Conditions of order six, which the parameters of the method must satisfy, are
derived. The simplifying conditions are found, which reduces the large nonlinear system of order conditions to a solvable smaller system. A solution with two free parameters is
obtained. Economic explicit sixth-order schemes for systems of ordinary differential equations
are presented. Numerical tests to compare to known explicit sixth-order one-step methods
are performed.

dc.language.iso

value: ru

dc.subject

value: order

value: the order conditions

value: simplifying conditions